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M 


Univof 
Toronto 


"Tedinol 
C 


CONTENTS 


QUEBEC    UNION    STATION,    QUEBEC    CITY    ...• 3 

FOR    KING   AND  COUNTRY    • 7 

METHODIST    BOOK    ROOM,   TORONTO    9 

BUILDING    OPERATIONS    DURING    COLD    WEATHER     15 

COMPLICATED    CONCRETE    CONSTRUCTION     18 

CARTY     BUILDING,    TORONTO     21 

EDITORIAL    24 

ARCHITECTURAL    DIGEST    .' 26 

PROSPERITY     PARAGRAPHS     28 

CONSTRUCTION    NEWS    29 

Full    Page    Illustrations 

A   LILY   POOL    IN    LANDSCAPE    DEVELOPMENT    2 

METHODIST    BOOK   ROOM    8 


H.    GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

GRAI'IUC  ARTS  BLDG.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

BRANCH  OFFICES 


MONTREAL 


NEW  YORK 


Quebec  Union  Station 


From  The  Great  Monuments  of  Art  and  Architecture  of  the  Old  World,  and  Particularly 

From  The  Noted  Chateaux  of  France,  Came  the  Architect's  Inspiration 

For  The  Design  of  This  Building 

By  HARRY  EDWARD  PRINDLE 

mental  lamp  standards  and  the  central  section 
flanked  by  tall  steel  flag  poles.  The  planting 
spaces  around  plaza  and  on  Henderson  street 
will  be  filled  with  Lombardy  jwplars  and  the 
spaces  at  building  occupied  by  harmonious 
masses  of  blue  spruce  and  shrubs.  The  building 
is  L  shaped  in  plan,  with  the  express  wing  ap- 
proximately 46  ft.  X  150  ft.  parallel  to  St.  Paul 
street,  with  power  house  46  ft.  x  75  ft.  with  a 
boiler  stack  100  ft.  high  on  the  end  toward  St. 
Roche  street.  The  concourse  wing  on  Hender- 
son street  is  approximately  65  ft.  x  150  ft.  and  is 
practically  on  the  diagonal  axis  of  plan. 

The  roof  of  the  central  block  rises  about  90  ft., 
the  roofs  of  the  wings  being  roughly  50  ft.  high. 
The  exterior  walls  are  faced  with  a  dark  wire 
ctit  brick,  laid  Flemish  bond  in  white  mortar 
with  deep  raked  joints  with  stone  facings  and 
granite  base.  The  roofs  are  of  copper.  The 
main  entrance  is  25  ft.  wide,  providing  seven 
door  openings,  over  which  is  a  large  window 
opening  lighting  the  ticket  lobby.  The  outer 
angles  of  central  block  carry  brick  and  stone 
tourelles  between  which,  at  the  roof  level,  is  a 
large  ornamental  illuminated  clock  dial.  At  the 
base  of  the  tourelles  are  carved  stone  shields 
liearing  the  Fleur-de-Lys,  Rose,  Shamrock, 
Thistle  and  Maple  Leaf;  the  pediment  over  clock 
is  ornamente<l  with  the  coat  of  arms  of  the  city 
of  Quebec. 

High  up  over  the  entrance  executed  in  leaded 
glass  are  the  armorial  bearings  of  seven  of  the 
men  famous  in  Canadian  history,  to  wit:  Mont- 
magny,  Governor  of  Canada,  1636  to  1647;  De 
Tracy,  Viceroy  of  Canada,  1665;  Beauharnois. 
Governor  of  Canada,  1726  to  1747;  Montcalm, 
Military  Commander  in  Canada,  1756  to  1759; 


So  the  future  seemed 
To  mingle  with  the  past.     For  a  short  space 
I  saw  revealed  the  double  threads  that  bind 
This  little  speck  of  time  We  call  "To-day" 
To  the  great  cycle  of  unending  life 
Thai  has  been  and  that  shall  be  evermore. 

UNEXiVMPLED  for  picturesqueness  and 
magnificence  of  position  on  this  continent, 
and  for  the  romance  of  her  historic  associations, 
Quebec  sits  on  her  impregnable  heights,  a  queen 
among  the  cities  of  the  world.  (Charles  Mar- 
shall). The  history  of  the  city  is  intimately  in- 
terwoven with  that  of  old  France,  and  this  spirit 
is  admirably  expressed  in  its  narrow,  winding, 
ascending  streets,  its  groups  of  high-pitched 
roofs,  its  churches,  monuments  and  people. 

The  mind  of  the  observer  contem])lating  its 
natural  beauties  inevitably  turns  to  the  old 
world,  with  its  great  monuments  of  art  and  ar- 
chitecture, and  ]>erhaps  more  particularly  to  the 
Chateaux  of  Chinon,  Loches,  Langlais,  Chau- 
mont,  Chenonceaux,  .Ambroise,  Blois,  Chambord, 
and  Azeay-le-Rideau  which  was  the  moving  im- 
pulse from  which  has  grown  the  design  of  the 
new  Union  Station  Building. 

The  building  is  located  on  the  property 
bounded  by  St.  Paul,  Henderson  and  St.  Roche 
street,  which  has  been  entirely  re-arranged,  with 
new  tracks,  coach  storage  yard,  express  yard, 
freight  sheds  and  freight  office  building.  The 
station  is  approached  from  St.  Paul  street  by  an 
an  open  i)aved  plaza,  approximately  .300  ft.  x  .300 
ft.,  enclosed  by  broad  curving  sidewalks  reach- 
ing the  entrances,  with  a  driveway  into  the  ex- 
i)ress  yard.  The  concourse  opens  directly  into 
Henderson  street,  which  leads  to  the  new  freight 
offices.     The  plaza  will  be  encircled  with  orna- 


A    MONfMENT   OK   ART   AND   ARCHITECTURE, 


CONSTRUCTION 


THK   01.1)   WORLD    REPRODUCEU   IK   THE    NEW. 

General  James  "Wolfe,  172G  to  1759;  Frontenae, 
Governor  of  Canada,  1()72;  Talon,  fiirst  Tntend- 
ant  of  jXew  France,  IGGo  to  1672. 

The  walls  of  the  entrance  vestibule  are  of 
brick,  with  marble  base,  marble  and  terrazo 
floors  and  vaulted  tile  eeilinc:.  On  either  side  of 
the  vestibule  are  the  office  staircase  and  the 
transfer  company's  office.  The  ticket  lobby  is 
4(5  X  65  ft.  X  60  ft.  liio-h,  with  a  marble  floor,  the 


walls  being  of  a  light  tapestry  brick,  laid  up 
white  moi'tar  with  recessed  joints.  The  high 
pitched  ceiling  is  finished  in  Mosaic  tile,  shaded 
in  color,  with  inlay  patterns.  Around  the  lobby 
are  the  ticket  offices  of  the  (.'anadian  Pacifii? 
Railway  and  Transcontinental  Railway,  lobby 
and  women's  room,  men's  room,  telegraph  and 
telephone  offices,  customs  offices  and  parcel 
rooms  and  baggage  space,  with  an  entrance  to 
baggage  room  and  concourse. 

At  the  level  of  the  offices  on  tlie  floor  above  is 
arcade  opening  into  the  upper  portion  of  the 
ticket  lobby.  The  cornice,  balustrades,  clocks, 
wall  decoration,  etc.,  are  all  of  faience  tile  in 
several  colors.  The  cartouches  in  the  cornice 
bear  armorial  devices  in  color,  symbolic  of  rail- 
roads, steamships  and  hotel.  The  design  of  the 
leaded  glass  in  ticket  lobby  ceiling  will  express 
the  world-wide  development  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway. 

Off  the  line  of  traffic  in  a  convenient  location 
is  a  comfortable  women's  room  finished  in  oak, 
the  walls  painted  in  harmonious  tones  with 
toilet-room  adjoining.  The  concourse  opens 
into  ticket  lobby  and  Henderson  street,  with 
three  wide  train  gates.  It  is  approximately  65 
ft.  X  1 25  ft.  X  40  ft.  liigh,  the  ceiling  construction 
being  of  concrete,  carried  on  four  large  semi- 
elliptical  siteel  trusses.  There  are  large  window 
openings  on  all  sides.  The  walls  are  of  light  col- 
ored tapestry  brick,  laid  up  with  recessed  joints 
in  white  mortar,  through  which  runs  a  faience 
diaper  ])attern  bearing  the  floral  emblems  of 
France,  England,  Scotland  and  Ireland.  The 
brackets  under  the  trusses  are  of  faience  tile  in 
color,  on  whicli  the  emblems  are  merged. 

The  prevailing  color  of  cornice  is  an  old  blue 
with  dolphin  and  salam'ander  inserts  of  faience 


r.NlU.N     STATlnx.    ,jl   KUKC.    lAXADIAX     I'ACIFIC    RAILWAY, 


HARRY    EDWARD    PRINDLE,    ARCHITECT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


tile.  The  floor  is  of  marble  and  terrazo.  Along 
the  two  sides  of  the  room  are  long  seats,  finished 
in  oak  with  marble  base.  The  train  indicators 
will  be  of  the  most  modern  type.  The  smoking 
room  which  opens  off  one  end  of  the  concourse  is 
finished  in  oak,  adjoining  which  is  the  men's 
toilet,  with  standard  and  pay  toilets. 

The  baggage  room  contains  approximately 
2550  square  feet,  and  express  space  contains  ap- 
proximately 4fi00  square  feet.  The  upper  por- 
tion of  building  is  occupied  by  the  offices  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway  and  the  Transcontin- 
ental Railway. 

The  entire  building  rests  upon  a  system  of 
concrete  piles,  the  floor  and  part  of  room  con- 


COMMENCING    THE    SrPERSTRUCTURE,    UNION    STATION,    QI'EBEC. 

struction  is  reinforced  concrete,  sloping  surfaces 
of  roof  are  of  gypsum  block.  The  frame 
throughout  is  of  steel  encased  in  concrete  and 
the  walls  are  masonry.  There  are  430  concrete 
pedestal  piles,  approximately  400  tons  of  struc- 
tural steel ;  2000  yards  reinforced  concrete;  400, 
000  common  brick;  75,000  exterior  face  brick; 
125,000  interior  face  brick,  and  10,000  cubic  feet 
of  exterior  cut  stone.  The  building  will  be  elec- 
trically illuminated,  the  bulk  of  the  fixtures  be- 
ing indirect.  The  trainsheds  will  be  low  um- 
brella, or  butterfly  type. 

The  station  proper  will  cost  approximately 
$300,000  when  completed. 

The  operation  in  its  entirety  is  being  carried 
out  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  D.  11.  Mapes,  En- 
gineer of  Buildings,  Canadian  Pacific  Railway, 
Windsor  Station,  Montreal. 


GROUND    FLOOR    PLAN,    UNION    STATION,     QUEBEC,     CANADIAN     PACIFIC     RAILWAY. 


CONSTRUCTION 


,':        .     T^:   U- 


SECTIONAL    VIEW,    UNION    STATION,    QUEBEC. 


STKKl.     F]:AMK.     1   Nil  in     .STATION.     QUEBEC. 


HARRY     EDWARD    PRINDLB,    ARCHITECT. 


»For  King  and  Country 

Architects  and  Engineers  of  Canada  Nobly  Doing  Tiieir  Share  For  the  Cause  of  the  Empire 


CAPTAIN  McGIFFlN,  of 
the   firm    of    Chainiian 
and   McCJiffin,   has   been  con- 
nected with  the  Canadian  En- 
gineers for  a  number  of  years, 
liaving  held  a  commission  in 
the  8th  Field  Company,  Cana- 
dian   Engineers.     Since    the 
camps  at  both   Niagara   and 
Toronto    were    formed    Cap- 
tain McGiffin  has  been  Assist- 
ant  Commander,   under    Col. 
Caldwell,  of  the  Royal  Cana- 
dian Engineers,  wlio  have  had 
charge    of    the    erection    and 
maintenance  of  the  buildings 
which  have  been  necessary  at 
both  camps. 

Major  PI.  Eden  Smith,  of 
the  firm  of  Eden  Smith  and 
Sons,  architects,  Toronto,  has 
been  a  well-known  figure  in 
military  circles  in  Toronto  for 
the  last  twenty  years,  the 
whole  of  that  time  having 
been  spent  in  connection  with 
the  Queen's  Own  Rifles,  for 
which  regiment  he  has  always 
been  an  ardent  worker.  At 
the  outbreak  of  hostilities 
Major  Smith  joined  the  35th 
Battalion,  recruited  from  the 
Queen's  Own  Rifles,  which  he 
helped  organize.  Later, 
Major  Smith  was  given 
charge  of  the  draught  rein- 
forcements to  the  3rd  Bat- 
talion, France. 

Major  Paul  E.  Mercier, 
who  has  recently  succeeded 
the  late  Major  Janin  as  En- 
gineer for  the  City  of  Mont- 
real, was  born  at  St.  Hya- 
cinthe,  Quebec,  in  1877,  and 
for  ten  years  after  his  gradua- 
tion from  L'Ecole  Polytech- 
nique  was  connected  with  the 
Dominion  Government  en- 
gineering sitaflf.  He  spent  a 
number  of  years  in  the  Yukon 
and  the  Province  of  Quebec 
as  resident  engineer.  On  his 
retui-n  from  the  Yukon,  he 
took  charge  of  the  National 
Transcontinental,  later  enter- 
ing into  partnership  with  S. 
A.  Baulne,  of  Montreal,  as 
consulting  engineers.     Major 


IIAJOK    H.    EDEN    SMITH, 

3rd  Battalion,   France. 


CAPT.    McaiFFIN, 

Commander   Il.C.E.,    Exhibition   Camp,    Toronto. 

7 


Mercier  is  well  known  in 
jnilitary  circles,  having  organ- 
ized and  commanded  the  Of- 
ficers' Training  Corp  at 
Laval  University. 

Captain  Clayton  Stewart 
has  returned  to  Toronto  from 
the  front  on  sick  leave,  having 
spent  five  months  in  the 
trenches. 

Captain  Arthur  S.  McCon- 
nell.  Assistant  PTV)fessor  of 
Architecture  at  Toronto  Uni- 
versity, has  been  appointed 
Adjutant  of  the  116th  On- 
tario Battalion.  Capt.  Mc- 
Connell  has  been  training 
with  the  C.O.T.C.  since  the 
beginning  of  the  war. 

Lieut.    H.    M.    West,    City 
Engineer     of     North      Van- 
couver, who  has  enlisted  for 
overseas  service,  is  a  gr?idu- 
ate    of    Toronto    University. 
Previous     to     enlisting,     the 
huge     sewerage     system     of 
North  Vancouver  was  brought 
to  completion  under  his  super- 
vision.    The   city   council    of 
North  Vancouver  are  in  the 
meantime    holding    open    his 
position  until  the  war  is  over. 
Canadian  engineers  rightly 
read   with   interest   the  New 
Year's     honor    conveyed     to 
Oeneral     Bertram,     member 
Canadian  Society  of  Civil  En- 
gineers.    Born  at  Dundas  in 
1853,  General  Bertram  enter- 
ed the  organization  of  John 
Bertram   &   Sons,   for  which 
firm  he  was   Montreal   man- 
ager when  war  broke  out. 

Sir  Sam  Hughes  was  quick 
to  recognize  his  abilities  with 
the  knowledge  he  had  of  ma- 
chine work  and  the  training 
he  had  had  with  the  Canadian 
militia,  with  which  he  had  held 
a  command  for  several  years. 
General  Bertram  was  made 
Chairman  of  the  Canadian 
Shell  Committee  at  its  incep- 
tion, and  it  is  to  his  credit  that 
the  great  industry  which  has 
been  added  to  Canada  is  in 
such  a  flourishing  condition 
to-day. 


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Methodist  Book  Room,  Toronto 

This   Immense  Building  With  Its   Imposing   Appearance  is    a    Model,  Containing  Many 

Utilitarian   Features  For  The  Successful  Operation  of  a 

Large   Industrial  Organization 

By  W.  H.  RATCLIFFE 


THE  Methodist  Book  and  Publishing  Com- 
pany's new  building,  situated  on  Queen 
street  west,  is  one  of  the  hirgest  and  most  up- 
to-date  publishing  buildings  in  Canada.  It  em- 
bodies not  only  the  publishing  department,  but 
all  of  the  Connexional  offices,  such  as  the  Mis- 
sionary societies,  Sunday  School  and  Young 
People's  work.  Superannuation  Fund  and 
Social  Service  Departments. 

The  Methodists  of  Canada  are  to  be  com- 
mended for  the  progressive  step  they  have  taken 
in  having  their  various  departments  in  such  a 
building,  where  abundance  of  light,  air  and 
room  tends  to  the  contentment  of  the  employees, 
and  therefore  efficient 
labor. 

The  site  is  ample  for 
present  needs  and  fu- 
ture extensions,  having 
a  frontage  of  two  hun- 
dred and  thirty-one  feet 
on  Queen  and  Rich 
mond  streets,  and  two 
hundred  and  twenty- 
one  feet  on  Jolm  street. 

Owing  to  its  close 
connection  with  church 
work,  the  building  was 
designed  in  the  Gothic 
style.  It  has  a  front- 
age of  one  hundred  and 
thirty-five  feet  on  Queen 
street,  two  hundred  and 
twenty-two  feet  on  John 
street  and  one  hundred 
and  ninety-two  feet  on 
Richmond  street.  All 
of  the  street  fronts  are 
paved  with  cream  matt 
dazed  terra  cotta  from 
the  granite  base  to  the 
roof. 

The  entire  structure 
is  as  nearly  fireproof  as 
it  is  possible  to  be.  All 
sash  and  frames  are 
metal,  and  all  windows 
opening  into  the  court 
are  of  steel  and  glazed 
with  wire  glass.  The 
partitions  are  of  tile, 
and  each  floor  is  divided 
into  sections  by  auto- 
matic fire  doors.     The 


floors  are  finished  with  concrete,  asphalt,  ter- 
razo  or  marble,  except  where  it  was  absolutely 
essential  to  have  wood. 

The  construction  is  skeleton  steel,  with  hol- 
low tile  floor  arches  in  the  office,  and  reinforced 
concrete  in  the  factory  sections.  Each  column 
rests  on  a  caisson  of  concrete,  varying  from 
five  feet  six  inches  to  eight  feet  six  inches  in 
diameter,  and  extending  to  bedrock  a  distance 
of  approximately  forty  feet  below  the  street 
level. 

Considerable  difficulty  with  water  was  experi- 
enced, from  an  underground  creek.  Sheet  pil- 
ing and   continuous   pumping  were  necessary. 


ENTRANCE    METHODIST    BOOK    ROOM,    TORONTO. 


10 


CONSTRUCTION 

Jiirr 


IIKTAII.     OF     MAIN-     ENTRANCE,     XIETHODISV    BOOK     KUOM,    TORONTO. 


CONSTRUCTION 


11 


The  stocil  woi-k  is  designed  for  a  line  load  ol' 
four  iiundred  pounds  per  squai-e  foot  in  tlie  fac- 
tory section,  and  the  addition  of  five  storeys,  as 
the  necessity  arises.  Tt  is  one  of  the  heaviest 
steel  contracts  in  Toronto,  two  thousand  two 
hundred  tons  being  used.  The  structure  is  suffi- 
cient to  sui)i)oi't  a  building  with  light  floor  loads, 
such  as  an  office  building,  ten  storeys  in  lieight. 

The  main  entrance  is  on  Queen  street,  and  is 
l)rotected  by  a  cast  bronze  marquis.  The  mnin 
entrance  hall  is  roomy,  and  is  i)leasing  in  ap- 
l)earance,  though  simple  in  design.  Ft  is  decor- 
ated with  Battachino  marble  wainscot,  ma- 
hogany trim  and  ornamental  plaster  ceiling. 
The  floor  is  of  square  marble  tile. 

The  electric  fixtures  in  the  hall  and  on  either 
side  of  the  entrance  ai-e  of  cast  bronze  s])ecially 
designed. 

In  tliis  hall  are  show  windows  and  doors  lead- 
ing into  the  stores  on  either  side.  ^lillways  for 
three  jjassenger  elevatoi's  are  i)rovided,  two  be- 
ing installed  at  present. 

From  Queen  street  also  is  the  main  driveway 
into  the  coui-t,  which  is  over  the  l)oilei'  room  and 
coal  vault.  The  coui-t  is  through  a  lan(>  to  Dun- 
can sti'eet. 

Thei-e  are  five  stores  on  Queen  street,  two  of 


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First     n.0OB    plan  . 


PRIVATE    OFFICE,    METHODI.ST    BOOK    ROOM,   TORONTO. 

which  are  occupied  by  the  retail  department  of 
the  Book  Room.  The  remaining  stores  are  the 
only  portions  of  the  building  rented  to  concerns 
having  no  connection  with  the  ^letliodist 
(!hurch. 

To  the  I'ear  of  the  stores  is  a  large  stock  room 
fitted  with  large  bunks  for  sui-plus  stock.  Be- 
hind this  again  is  the  shi])ping  room,  with  large 
doors  opening  directly  to  the  court.  No  goods 
are  handled  on  llie  street  fi'onts. 

The  employees'  entrance 
I  is  on  John  street,  below 
which  in  the  basement  are 
the  timekeeper's  office  and 
the  locker  rooms.  Provision 
is  made  for  two  employees' 
elevators.  A  stair  leads  up 
from  this  entrance  to  the 
various  floors  above  and 
connects  on  each  floor  with 
the  office  of  the  foreman  of 
the  department  on  that  floor. 
The  balance  of  the  ground 
floor  is  the  jiressroom,  which 
is  seventy-five  feet  wide  and 
two  hundred  feet  long.  All 
of  the  presses  are  located  in 
this  room,  from  the  small 
.job  press  to  the  lai'ge  auto 
matic  feeding  Miehle  presses. 
They  are  arranged  around 
the  walls,  having  the  centre 
free  for  the  handling  of 
paper.  The  floor  of  this 
central  space  is  asi)halt. 

liCaving  the  press-room, 
the  material  is  raised  by  a 
large  freight  hoist  to  the 
bindery  on  the  second  floor, 
which  is  of  the  same  dimen- 
sions as  the  pressroom. 
Here  it  is  cut  and  bound  and 
passed  through  to  the  mail- 
ing-room, or  wholesale  book 
department,  which   occupies 


12 


CONSTRUCTION 


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CONSTRUCTION 


13 


•the    remaining    i)()rtion    of   the    second    floor. 

The  sample  room  of  the  wholesale  dei)artment 
is  served  ])y  the  passenger  elevators  from  the 
main  entrance  hall. 

In  tlie  factory  sections  there  are  two  freight 
hoists  and  four  dumb  waiters.  The  hoist  serv- 
ing the  i)ress  room  and  bindery  is  of  the  heavy 
duty  type.  Its  car  is  eight  feet  wide  and  four- 
teen feet  long,  and  is  capable  of  lifting  five 
thousand  i)ounds  at  high  speed,  or  ten  tliousand 
lounds  at  low  si)eed. 

Tlie  dumb  waiters  are  automatic,  the  car  be- 
ing sent  to  any  floor  desired,  or  l)rouglit  to  the 
user  by  pressing  tlie  corresponding  button. 
None  of  the  doors  can  be  opened  unless  the  car 
is  at  that  flooi-. 

The  front  porticm  of  the  third  floor  is  occuijied 
by  the  general  offices  of  the  Book  Room.  Tlie 
office  is  separated  from  the  corridor  by  a  long 
counter,  witli  a  bronze  cashier's  cage  centrally 
located. 

The  central  section  of  the  third  floor  is  oc- 
cui)ied  by  the  library  department  and  the  offices 
of  the  publication  and  factory  nianagers, 
while  the  rear  portion  on  John  street  and  the 
lliohmond  street  section  are  occupied  by  the 
stereotype,  job  and  j^roof readers'  rooms.  The 
proofreaders'  room  is  divided  into  stalls,  each 
one  acconnnodating  its  reader  and  checker. 

The  nortli-east  corner  of  the  fourth  floor  is 
devoted  to  the  boaid  room,  which  is  a  large  and 
well  liglited  room,  havijif;,-  windows  on  the  Queen 
street  and  court  sides.  Tjiis  room  is  used  foi- 
the  meetings  of  the  Ministerial  Associations,  as 
well   as  board  meetings. 

The  balance  of  tlie  Queen  street  section  is  oc- 


COHKIDOIi,    METHODIST    BOOK    ROOM,   TORONTO. 


STAIR    HALL,  METHODIST  BOOK   ROOM,  TORONTO. 

cupied  by  the  Woman's  Missionary  Society. 
The  central  portion  is  given  over  to  other  offices 
and  a  lunch  room,  where  meals  are  served  the 
employes  at  a  nominal  sum. 

The  balance  of  this  floor  is  devoted  to  the 
linotype  and  type-casting  dei>artments. 

The  fifth  floor  is  entirely  occupied  by  various 
Connexional  offices. 

Ample  toilet  accommodation  is  provided  on 
each  floor,  for  both  the  office  and  factory  sec- 
tions. The  office  toilets  have  white  Italian  mar- 
ble wainscot  and  stalls  and  terrazo  floor,  while 
the  marble  in  the  factory  toilets  is  Valley  grey 
and  the  floors  aspjialt.  All  are  ventilated  by  ex- 
haust fans  located  in  pent  houses  on  the  roof. 
Exhaust  fans  are  also  located  there  to  ventilate 
the  stereotype,  ty])e-casting  and  linotype  rooms. 

The  Richmond  street  section  of  the  basement 
is  devoted  to  pai)er  storage.  Here  thousands  of 
tons  of  paper  may  be  ])iled  to  temper. 

All  of  the  paper  comes  into  the  receiving  room 
by  way  of  chutes  from  the  court.  Here  it  is 
unwra])i)ed  and  piled  on  benches  and  trucked 
out  to  be  stored. 

A  vault  runs  the  full  length  of  the  building  on 
Richmond  street  underneatli  the  sidewalk.  This 
is  used  for  the  storage  of  book  jjlates,  cuts,  etc. 

Locker  rooms,  machine  shoj),  engineer's  office 
and  carpenter  shop  occupy  the  balance  of  the 
basement,  with  the  exception  of  the  north-east 
corner,  which  is  on  a  lower  level,  where  are 
located  the  generators  and  switchboard.  All 
connections  from  the  generators  and  street  ser- 
vice to  the  switchboard  are  in  duets,  as  well  as 
the  leads  from  the  switchboard  to  the  risers  for 
the  panel  boards  on  the  various  floors. 

The  floor  of  the  sub-basement  is  twenty-seven 
fe^t  below  the  street  level.  Here  are  located  tlie 
sumj),  pump  and  boiler  rooms  and  the  coal 
vault. 

All  drainage  below  the  sewer  level  is  led  to 
the  sump,  which  is  six  feet  in  diameter  and 
eighteen  feet  deep,  where  it  is  automatically 


14 


CONSTRUCTION 


COMrdSINO    liOOM,     MKTIIODIST    BOOK     KOOM,    TOriO.NTO. 

pumped  to  llic  (Iniiii  by  electrically  driven  bilge 
pumps. 

I'rovisiou  is  niadc  in  the  l)()il('i-  room  I'or  rour 
lK)ilers,  but  ouly  two  are  installed  at  pi-esent. 
Tliey  are  of  the  latest  watei'-tube  type,  rated 
at  three  bundled  b()rse-i)o\ver  each.  The  stok 
iug  is  done  automatically.  The  coal  is  handled 
fi'om  the  vault  to  the  hoppers  in  the  stokers  by 
an  electric  conveyor.  Connected  to  the  conveyor 
is  a  scale,  so  that  actual  consumption  of  coal 
may  be  recorded. 

The  boiler,  i)ump  and  generator  rooms  are 
supplied  with  fresh  air  by  a  su])ply  fan. 

Below  the  boilei-  room  floor  is  an  ash  tun- 
nel, the  Hoor  of  which  is  forty  feet  below  the 
sti-eet  level.  The  ashes  are  dumped  fi-om  the 
hoppers  under  the  stokers  into  an  ash  car,  which 
is  run  on  to  an  hydraulic  hoist  and  raised  to 
waggon  height  and  dumped,  thus  saving'  labori- 
ous liaiulling. 

The  l)uilding  is  heated  by  exhaust  or  direct 
steam,  as  may  be  desii-fd.  All  piping  is  ai-- 
I'angeil  to  suit  the  enlarged  buildiun'. 

A  watchman's  time  clock  has  been  installed, 
with  stations  on  the  various  llooi-s,  which  auto- 
matically iccords  on  a  master  clock  located  in 
the  eiminei'r's  oftice. 


HIMIICIIY,     MKTIIOIII.ST    liOOK     ROOM,    TORONTO. 

GOOD  ROADS  CONGRESS 

At  the  Good  Roads  Congress,  to  be  held  in 
Montreal,  a  programme  of  lectures  and  dis- 
cussions is  being  compiled,  the  names  of  those 
taking  pai-t  embracing  most  of  the  leading  ex- 
perts in  load  making  on  the  American  eontinent. 

The  congress  will  be  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Dominion  (xood  Roads  Association,  of  which  the 
honorary  presidents  are  U.  H.  Dandurand,  of 
Montreal,  and  W.  A.  McLean,  Chief  Engineer 
for  Highways  in  Ontario.  The  president  of  the 
Association  is  B.  Michaud,  Deputy  ^linister  of 
Roads  for  the  Province  of  Quebec,  while  O.  Hez- 
zelwood,  ])resident  of  the  Canadian  Autoinol)ile 
Federation,  is  vice-president.  The  other  otflcers 
are  G.  A.  McNamee,  secretarj-  of  the  Dominion 
(iood  Roads  Association;  R.  S.  Tiendcrson,  pre- 
sident of  the  Manitoba  (Iood  Roads  Association  ; 
Alderman  R.  J.  Shore  of  W'innii)eg,  Lieut.-Coi. 
\V.  X.  Ponton,  president  of  the  Associated 
Boards  of  Trade,  Belleville,  Ont. ;  Howard  W. 
Pillow,  president  of  the  Automobile  Association 
of  (\inada,  and  J.  A.  Sanderson,  honorary  pre- 
sident of  the  Ontario  (Jood  Roads  Association 
and  of  the  Dairymen's  Association  of  Eastern 
Ontario. 


PUKKS    mxi.M.    MKTItOniST    BOOK    ISOOM,    TOKO.VTO. 


BOILER    ROOM,    METHODI.ST    BOOK    ROOM,    TORONTO. 


Building  Operations  During  Cold  Weather 

A  Discussion  of  The  Possibilities  of  Winter  Construction 


By  F.  M. 

~\J\  ORCE  of  habit  is  ai)i)areiitly  one  of  the 
Aj  strongest  comi)eHing'  iiifiuences.  Let  busi- 
ness take  a  certain  trend  for  a  few  seasons  and 
the  majority  of  peojjle  will  take  it  for  granted 
that  the  resultins-  conditions  are  a  necessity  and 
must  naturally  exist. 

Tliis  is  the  state  of  opinion  in  certain  quarters 
at  the  i)resent  time  in  connection  with  the  sale 
of  building  material  during  the  fall  and  jjart  of 
the  winter  season.  In  general  building  activity 
drops  off. 

AVhile  this  is  not  a  necessity,  it  is  a  fact  that 
l)y  taking  the  "dull  season"  for  granted,  the 
buyer  has  accustomed  himself  to  do  season  buy- 
ing instead  of  distributing  his  ex])enditures  over 
a  i)eriod  of  twelve  months.  It  luis  been  made 
easy  for  him  to  do  his  buying  during  a  short 
l)eriod.  Because  of  this  concentrated  exi)endi- 
ture  he  has  not  taken  advantage  of  the  lower 
prices  of  material  and  labor  which  exist  in  the 
winter  time. 

Building  is  to-day,  however,  an  all-year-round 
proposition.  Comparatively  few  of  the  big 
builders  lay  up  a  job  on  account  of  cold  weather 
if  they  can  by  any  means  induce  the  owner  to 
go  ahead  with  the  plans. 

Since  there  is  no  real  reason  for  not  building 
in  the  winter  time,  a  concerted  action  on  the  part 
of  those  most  vitally  interested  should  result  in 
increased  building. 

Woi'king  on  this  theory,  and  already  con- 
vinced of  its  truth,  a  Detroit  comi)any  recently 
started  a  camjiaign.  The  object  of  the  cami)aign 
is  to  correct  existing  conditions  in  the  building 
trade.  However,  before  going  ahead  on  their 
theory  without  anytliing  to  back  them  up  they 
ai)])ealed  to  the  two  classes  of  i)eoiile  in  the 
building  ti-ade  who  should  be  most  interested 
in  seeing  a  movement  for  "More  Winter  Build- 
insi;"  success—the  architect  and  the  other  mann- 
factures  of  building  material. 

The  architect  was  first  sounded  — a  letter  be- 
ing sent  to  a  list  of  six  thousand  or  more  in  all 
l)arts  of  the  country.  7t  asked  their  opinion  of 
the  feasibility  of  doing  away  with  the  "dull  sea- 
son" if  conditions  were  made  I'iglit— the  condi- 
tions to  be  unusual  iiulucenien'ts  in  the  way  of 
price,  shipments  and  service  between  jNovember 
1st  and  Ai)ril  1st,  and  in  addition,  special  sales 
and  advertising  campaigns,  setting  forth  the  ad- 
vantages of  building  in  tlie  winter  time.  While 
the  replies  were  not  all  favorable,  thei-e  were 
enough  favorable  ones  to  show  that  architects 
.  are  as  anxious  for  more  winter  building  as 
are  building  sup)>ly  mainifacturers. 


♦Fenestra    Dept.    Petrolt    Steel    Prodiict.s    Co 


I'AULL* 

The  concensus  of  opinion  proved  the  theory 
correct  that  "the  wintei-  dull  season  is  mostly  a 
nmtter  of  tradition,"  which  could  be  overcome 
if  everybody— architect,  building  trades,  press 
and  manufacturers  worked  together. 

Substantially  the  ])roposition  was  the  same 
one  put  up  to  the  architects,  and  was  as  fol- 
lows 

1.  Do  you  think  more  l)usiness  could  be  un- 
covered dui-ing  the  next  six  months  if  supply 
people  made  special  inducements  in  jirice,  ser- 
vice, delivery,  etc.! 

2.  Do  you  think  that  any  such  co-operative 
cani[)aign  would  appeal  to  the  building  supply 
])eo]ile  generally? 

.'>.  Would  you  be  willing  to  co-operate  in  such 
a  movement?    Tf  so,  to  what  extent! 

The  third  pi-oposition  i)rovided  for  giving 
special  advertising  instructions  in  methods  of 
increasing  sales,  every  advertising  department 
to  undertake  a  special  "^lore  Winter  Building" 
campaign  through  their  sales  and  advertising- 
organizations,  and  to  enlist  the  co-operation  of 
architects  and  contractors. 

The  replies  received  from  the  nuinufacturers 
pi-oved  that  everybody  was  interested.  Just  as 
in  the  case  of  the  architects,  not  all  were  of  the 
opinion  that  building  could  be  stimulated  in  the 
winter  time,  even  if  everybody  pulled  together. 
All  of  the  replies  were  suggestive,  however.  A 
few  of  them  will  serve  as  samples  of  the  reasons 
given  for  and  against  the  practicability  of  win- 
ter building  from  the  manufacturers'  point  of 
view. 

A  manufacturer  of  gypsum  thinks  such  a 
movement  would  benefit  the  dealer. 

"Of  course,"  he  writes,  "there  is  no  argu- 
ment against  the  fact  that  it  would  be  better  to 
have  building  conducted  uniformly.  Anything 
we  could  do  to  brimj'  about  this  condition  would 
reflect,  indirectly  at  least,  to  our  credit,  if  it  had 
only  the  effect  of  bettering  conditions  for  our 
dealers." 

On  the  other  hind,  a  cement  concern  thinks 
that  cold  weathei'  holds  ni)  concrete  woik  some- 
what more  than  some  other  foi'm  of  building. 
To  duote  their  own  words: 

"We  agree  with  you  that  a  good  deal  can  be 
done  along  the  lines  of  stimulating  winter  work, 
and  we  are  certainly  jroing  to  do  eveT'ything  we 
can  in  that  dirction." 

A  manufactui'ei-  of  asbesto-;  slie'ithing  naper 

and  all  materials  used  in  the  installation  of  heit- 

ing  plants,  stronuly  indorses  the  idea  as  follows  : 

"Wish  to  assure  you  that  we  ap})reciate  your 


15 


16 


CONSTRUCTION 


semlinf?  your  wiiitiM-  l)uil(liiii>:  proposition  to  us, 
and  your  sug,n-ostion.s  luivc  our  appi-oval.  Witli- 
out  (loul)t  an  inci-case  in  winter  l)uii<ling  would 
^ive  improved  conditions  to  all  material  houses. 
We  shall  he  f?lad  to  fuitlier  the  movement  in 
every  way  i)ossil)le.  1  think  your  scheme  of  <?o- 
in,!^  after  architects  and  huilders  to  influence 
tlu'iii  in  wi(hn'  activity  durinji:  the  winter  season 
is  an  excellent  one,  and  T  want  to  put  myself  on 
record  as  heini*'  heartily  in  favor  of  your  idea." 

Two  concerns  thouojht  it  too  ])ad  that  the 
movenuMit  for  more  winter  husiness  wasn't 
started  earlier.  One  of  them,  a  sheet  metal  con- 
cern enthusiastically  supported  the  movement 
in  the  foll()win,2:  terms: 

"The  more  we  think  ahout  this  proposition 
the  more  we  are  warmed  up  to  the  subject,  and 
we  now  consider  it  a  very  happy  thought  to  pro- 
mote tlie  idea  of  more  winter  building.  Tt  is  \m- 
fortunate  this  snbject  did  not  come  up  at  least 
sixty  days  ago,  so  that  what  we  want  to  put  into 
the  minds  of  the  architects  and  contractors  could 
have  been  put  there  somewhat  earlier." 

The  other  concern  mentioned,  hopes  for  re- 
sults in  191G  if  the  movement  is  pushed  now. 
This  is  what  they  say: 

"So  far  as  ])ossible  we  will  fall  in  with  your 
i(h>a.  AVe  are  in  lienrty  accord  with  it  and  hope 
that  enouu'li  effort  will  be  p\\\  back  of  the  cam- 


paign to  carry  weight.  We  can  hardly  expect 
much  results  this  winter,  but  certainly  hope  for 
some  effect  in  191(5." 

Others  also  replied  favorablyand  promised 
to  co-operate  in  the  movement  for  more  winter 
building. 

"We  will  do  what  we  can  to  assist  in  this 
movement,  as  it  is  an  excellent  one  and  will 
probably  be  able  to  obtain  some  results  in  this 
way,"  writes  one. 

"We  are  very  much  interested  in  your  pro- 
l)osed  campaign  for  "More  Winter  Business" 
for  building  supply  peoi)lel'  We  are  very  sorry 
indeed  to  state  that  our  experience  in  oami)aigns 
of  this  kind  has  been  very  limited  and  we  would 
hesitate  therefore  offering  suggestions  as  to 
how  it  should  be  conducted.  We  do,  however, 
think  that  more  bu.siness  would  be  uncovered 
during  the  next  few  months  if  Imilders  could  be 
induced  to  build  during  the  winter  instead  of  in 
the  spring,"  writes  another— and  still  another 
has  the  same  view  as  follows: 

"We  have  read  with  interest  your  letter  of 
October  12th  regarding  "More  Winter  Busi- 
ness" and  there  is  little  question  but  what  a 
properly  conducted  campaign  directed  into  the 
right  channels  might  release  considerable  busi- 
ness during  the  winter  months  that  might  other- 
wise hold  over  until  spring." 


THK    UIXU    I'EKCdLA     IS    AN    ADMIRABLL:    AltCHITECTURAL     BRIDGE    BETWEEN    THE    HOUSE   AND    THE    GARDEN. 


CONSTRUCTION 


17 


Two  manufacturers  while  personally  endors- 
ing? the  plan  to  stimulate  winter  building  believ- 
ed the  old  bug-a-boo  'that  "there  always  had 
been  a  dull  season  and  always  would  be  one'" 
was  too  deep  seated  to  be  overcome  at  this  late 
date. 

"The  opinion  seems  to  be  here,"  one  says, 
"that  the  bulk  of  small  building  will  be  held  up 
during  the  cold  weather,  however  desirable  it 
may  be  to  extend  it." 

Climatic  conditions  would  be  the  stumbling 
block  for  any  campaign,  thinks  the  other—  ("We 
believe  it  would  be  a  distinctive  advantage  to  do 
away  with  the  dull  season,  but  we  do  not  see 
very  well  how  this  can  be  overcome  entirely,  on 
account  of  climatic  condition.") 

And  so  it  was  all  along  the  line.  The  concen- 
sus of  opinion  seems  to  be  that  any  manufac- 
turer entering  on  sucili  a  campaign  would  benefit 
the  architect,  contractor  and  owner  and  get  out 
of  it  just  about  what  he  was  willing  to  put  into  it. 

Since  the  question  of  More  Winter  Building- 
was  originally  brought  up,  the  Building  Trade 
Press  has  devoted  considerable  space  to  discus- 
ision  of  different  phases  of  the  (piestion. 

A  prominent  eastern  architectural  magazine 
wrote  as  follows : 

"We  are  heartily  in  favor  of  the  movement 


which  you  have  inaugurated  for  winter  building. 
There  seems  to  be  no  good  or  sufficient  reason 
why  building  operations  could  not  be  carried 
forward  to  advantage  during  the  winter  months 
throughout  a  very  large  proportion  of  the 
United  States,  and  to  do  so  would  unquestion- 
ably be  of  some  benefit  to  all  parties  concerned 
including  architects." 

Another  publication  believes  it  is  impossible 
to  eliminate  business  seasons.    They  write: 

"This  does  not  seem  to  be  any  more  practical 
in  the  building  business  than  in  the  drygoods 
business.  The  delays  incident  to  the  comi)letion 
of  a  building  in  the  winter,  excessively  cold  wea- 
ther and  storms,  are  unavoidable,  and  for  build- 
ings that  represent  a  great  outlay  of  capital  such 
as  hotels,  apartment  buildings  and  office  build- 
ings, there  does  not  seem  to  be  any  appreciable 
advantages  in  their  completion  in  the  spring  or 
the  early  fall,  for  the  reason  that  they  cannoi 
reasonably  expect  tenants  until  the  fall,  thus 
leaving  a  period  of  several  months  from  which 
they  receive  no  rentals,  to  which  should  be  added 
higher  cost  incident  to  the  building,  and  heating 
the  building  in  winter  work.  On  the  other  hand, 
buildings  of  this  type,  completed  in  the  early 
fall,  can  reasonably  expect  prompt  returns  by 
early  rentals." 


ARCHITECTrUAL    DIO.VJTY     COMBINED    WITH    COMFORT,     A    FINE    SOLrTIO.V    UK    THE    I'lAZZA    PROBLEM. 


Complicated    Concrete    Construction 

Ni)tc\v()rthy  Illustration  of  What  is  Being  Accomplished  in  Concrete 


\STHIKlX(i  ('X}inij)le  of  tlie  adaptabiiity  of 
(•(iiicictc  to  conipiicatcil  stincturcs  is  f>'ivon 
l)y  the  St.  MicliiU'l's  ('liurcli  now  Ix'ing'  coni- 
pl('l('<l,  collier  St.  Crhaiii  and  St.  Viatcur  Sts, 
ill  Montreal.  The  clmrcli  proper  covers  an  area 
of  alioul  170  x!M)  (e.\terior  dimensions).  Tliere 
are  really  no  columns  in  this  church,  and  the 
whole  structure  is  built  of  plain  and  i-einforeed 
concrete.  The  style  is  Byzantine,  and  the  illus- 
trations repi-oduced  here  ^'i^e  a  better  idea  of 
the  desi^^n  and  api)earance  of  the  buildiui^'  tliaii 
any  lenythy  descrii)tions. 

The  lay-out,  not  only  from  an  architectural 
Imt  also  from  jui  en,<>ineerinK'  point  of  view  was 
made  in  all  its  detail  by  the  architect.  It  re- 
mained for  the  eui^'ineer  only  to  check  up  the 
stresses  in  the  concrete,  and  provide  the  neces- 


c'(ixci:i;tk  iidmk,  siuivvixc  I'Mums  in   i'lack. 

siiry  steel  to  take  the  tension  stresses,  and  in 
doin.y  so  it  wa'^  easily  ascertained  that  details  of 
construction  were  also  o-oiu'  into  by  the  ai-clii- 
tect,  as  no  clinni^-es  had  to  be  made,  and  the 
church  is  built  in  strict  accordance  with  tlie  ori- 
.iiinal  plans  of  Mr.  P)eauiiraiid  Clianipa.nne,  the 
i'.rchitect. 

The  church  is  founded  on  rock.  Tlie  basement 
(eilin,i>-  is  carried  by  flat  arches  .")4  ft.  clear  spaTi 
havin-  a  rai<e  of  :!()  ins.  only.  The  arches  are 
1^  ft.  c.  to  c.  and  arc  connected  with  a  flat  slab 
7  ins.  thick. 

The  main  aiiditoi-Inin  i-<  covered  bv  a  dome 
7-1-  feet  in  diameter.  This  ilome  is  carried  by 
four  full  ccnlre  arches,  each  .")!'  ft.  diameter, 
vhich  arches  are  beim;-  carried  down  to  rock  bv 


four  sti'onj;-  tower  abutments.  Arches,  canti- 
levers, the  dome  pi'opei-,  etc.,  are  clearly  slown 
on  the  illustrations.  The  dome  is  about  US  ft. 
above  the  sidewalk  and  110  ft.  above  the  audi- 
torium floor,  and  the  tower  is  170  ft.  high. 


REINFORCED  CONCRETE  BEAMS   l.N    BASEMENT. 

The  outside  walls  are  all  covered  with  Grreen- 
dale  l)rick  and  terra  cotta,  a.s  the  illustrations 
sliow.  The  dome  and  roofs,  however,  are  finish- 
ed in  concrete,  the  dome  having  received  a  col- 
ored waterproof  cement  finish  about  1  in.  thick, 
showing  green  shamrocks  on  a  wliite  field.  The 
green  color  was  obtained  by  mixing  a  green  pig- 


liKTAII,    OF    lOXCKKTK    .-;TAII!\VA  V,    ST.     .MlrHAKLH    CHTUCH,     MOXTREAU 


18 


CONSTRUCTION 


19 


luent  with  the  ordinary  (lement,  and  the  wliilo  is 
ohtained  ))y  the  use  of  wliite  cement. 

It  is  <;ratityiii.<;-  to  state  that  alllicxii^h  llie 
slnictiirc  is  I'atlicr  iiiiiisunl  and  oT  hw^v  propor- 
tions, the  \vori\  was  executed  without  any  serious 
aeciih'nt  to  men  or  property. 


THP:  BRITISH  COLUMBIA  LUMBER 
SITUATION 

The  serious  situation  confront inj;;  tlie  lumber 
industry  of  the  West  owinj?  to  chronie  over-pro- 
duction and  ruinous  price-euttint>'  received  a 
great  deal  of  attention  at  the  I'acifie  Loss^iiiii: 
Congress  and  the  annual  meeting  of  the  VV^est- 
ern  Forestry  antl  ("onsei'vation  Association. 
Both  of  these  nu'etings  were  held  in  tlie  lumhei'- 
men's  building  at  the  Panama  international  Kx- 
position  at  San  Francisco. 

Conditions  in  British  Columbia  were  dealt 
with  in  a  letter  sent  to  the  president  of  the  as- 
sociation by  the  Hon.  W.  R.  Ross,  from  which 
the  following  (piotation  is  made: 

"Jt  is  with  great  ix'gi'et  that  1  find  myself  un- 
able to  attend  your  meetings  at  San  Francisco.  I 
desired  particularly  to  be  present  at  the  discus- 
sion of  conditions  affecting  the  lumbering  indus- 
try.   It  seems  to  me  that  there  has  been  definite 


progress  during  the  present  year.  Discussion 
of  what  is  wrong  with  the  industry  is  becoming 
clearer  and  effort  along  definite  lines  is  l)egin- 
ning  to  take  shape.  From  this  side  of  the  line 
we  are  watching  with  great  interest  your  work 
of  re|)lacing  demoralization  by  organization  and 
of  endeavoring  to  secure  to  wood  its  legitinuite 
markc't. 

"As  you  know,  no  (Jovernment  is  so  closely 
identified  with  tiie  lumbering  industry  as  is  that 
of  British  Cohnnbia.  Pi-esent  prosperity,  i)ublic 
revenue  and  future  development  in  this  Prov- 
ince depend  very  largely  on  the  i)rofitable  mar- 
keting of  our  forest  products.  Hence  the  situa- 
tion of  the  lumbering  l)usiness  is  viewed  with 
the  greatest  concern  by  the  Government,  and 
every  method  of  restoring  the  industry  to  sound 
health  is  being  studied  by  us.  For  the  moment 
we  are  concentrating  upon  the  conservation  of 
lund)er  markets,  to  secure  to  our  i)roducts  their 
full  legitimate  market  and  check  the  shi-inkage 
in  consumption  from  which  wood  has  suffered 
so  seriously  in  the  past  few  years.  Government 
cam))aigns  of  advertising  have,  in  the  jtasl,  ])een 
of  considerable  effect  when  ai)plied  to  immigra- 
tion oi-  the  marketing  of  fruit.  The  official  cam- 
paign we  now  have  in  progress  is,  I  believe,  the 
first  one  that  has  been  launched  on  behalf  of  the 
lumbering  industry.  We  intend  to  push  the  work 


k 


COMPLICATED    CONCRETE    CONSTKl'CTION,     ST.    MICHAELS    CHURCH,    MONTREAL. 


22 


CONSTRUCTION 


CONSTRUCTION 


li 


TERRA  COTTA  DETATL, 

CARTY  Bi:iIJ)ING, 

TOROXTO. 

F.    S.    MAIXORY,    ARCHITBCT. 


wootl  floors  and  plain 
plastering.  The  top 
floor,  which  is  used 
as  general  offices,  has 
terra  cotta  balconies, 
with  wrought  iron 
railings,  and  the 
whole  of  the  building 
on  the  two  fronts  is 
capped  with  a  heavily 
enriched  terra  cotta 
cornice  and  pedi- 
ments. A  part  of  the 
first  floor  was  parti- 
tioned off  with  hollow 
tile  and  fitted  U)>  witli 
a  niezzinine  floor  ai 
the  rear,  and  elabor- 
ately decorated,  to  1)0 
used  as  a  candy  store. 


BNTKANCB   MOVLDINO. 


PANEL   AND    MOl'LDIN'G. 


22 


CONSTRUCTION 


7    |1i  fl 


.  i     i 


j,.. 


h 


II"    u      f 


C._u,ujj^^<.^==.^^gJ^ 


^iIT"^ 


i^  ^JK^ri 


I- 


CONSTRUCTION 


23 


I'EKRA  COTTA  DETAIL. 

CARTY   BUILDING, 

TORONTO. 

F.    S.     MAl.LOHY,    AHCHITECT. 

wood  floors  and  plain 
plastering.  The  top 
floor,  wliicli  is  used 
as  general  offices,  has 
terra  cotta  balconies, 
with  wrought  iron 
railings,  and  tlio 
whole  of  the  building 
on  tlie  two  fronts  is 
capped  with  a  heavily 
enriched  terra  cotta 
cornice  and  perli- 
ments.  A  ])art  of  the 
first  floor  was  parti- 
tioned off  with  hollow 
tile  and  fitted  up  with 
a  niezzinino  floor  ar 
the  rear,  and  elabor- 
ately decorated,  to  be 
used  as  a  candv  store. 


ENTRANCE    MOULDING. 


i  1 11 11  Ml 


I'ANEI,    AND    MOl'LDINO. 


24 


CONSTRUCTION 


OCNSTRUCnCW 

A.-  JOURNAL-  FOR  THE  •  ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERING  •  AND  •  CONTRACTING 

IKTERESTS  •  OF    CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER.  LIMITED.  PUBLISHERS 

WESTON  WKIGLEY.  GENERAL  MANAGER 
Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard  Streets 
Toronto  -  -  Canada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 

MONTREAL— 171  St.  James  Street 

W.  J.  Cameron,  Representative 

NEW   YORK— 10  East  43rd  Street 

A.  R.  Lowe.  Representative 


CORRESPONDENCE. — All  correspondence  should  be  addressed 
to     "CON.STRIJCTION."     Corner    Richmond    and     Sheppard 

Stree'ta,    Toronto,    Canada. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS.— Canada  and  Great  Britain,  $3.00  per  annum. 
X'nlted  suites,  the  Continent  and  all  Postal  Union  countries, 
$4.00  per  annum,   in  advance.     Single  copies.   35c. 

ADVERTISEMENTS.— Changes  of,  or  new  advertisements  must 
reach  the  Head  Otiiee  not  later  than  the  twentieth  of  the 
month  preceding  publication,  to  ensure  insertion.  Mailing 
date  is  on  the  tenth  of  each  month.  Advertising  rates  on 
application, 

CONTRIBUTIONS. — The  Editor  will  be  glad  to  consider  con- 
tributions dealing  with  matters  of  general  Interest  to  the 
readers  of  this  Journal.  When  payment  is  desired,  this  fact 
should  be  stated.  We  are  always  glad  to  receive  the  loan 
of  photographs  and  plans  of  interesJtlng  Canadian  work.  The 
origina.ls  will  be  carefully  preserved  and  duly  returned. 

Entered  as  Second  Class  Matter  In  the  Post  Office  at  Toronto, 
Canada. 


FRASER  S.  KEITH 


EDITOR  AND  MANAGER 


Vol.  IX      Toronto,  January,  1916     No.  1 


ESTABLISHING  A  STATUS 

The  .splendid  example  set  by  the  architects  of 
Canada  in  answering-  tlieir  country's  call  has 
placed  the  whole  Dominion  under  such  obliga- 
tion to  them,  both  individually  and  collectively, 
that  some  show  of  ai)preciation  from  the  Gov- 
ci-nment  in  resi)ect  to  the  status  of  architects 
would  be  at  the  same  time  a  .just  tribute  to  the 
jn'ofession  and  a  benefit  to  the  country. 

With  the  Conservation  Ctnnmission  at  Ot- 
tawa working  to  establish  a  standard  building 
by-law  for  Canada  and  a  gi'adually  awakening 
public  conscience  in  respect  to  the  class  and  ap- 
pearance of  buildings  and  their  relation  to  the 


city  or  community  in  which  they  are  to  })e  erect- 
ed, this  is  an  opportune  time  for  the  architec- 
tural a.ssociations  of  the  Dominion  to  co-operate 
in  a  vigorous  manner  towards  securing  legisla- 
tion for  their  mutual  benefit  and  protection.  It 
will  take  more  than  a  lialf-hearted  effort  to 
secure  such,  but  the  situation  warrants  doing 
everything  that  can  possibly  be  done  by  the 
architects  themselves  with  the  use  of  all  the  in- 
fluence they  po.ssess  to  achieve,  this  much-to-be- 
desired  end. 

In  the  State  of  Michigan  a  registration  act 
has  been  passed  regulating  the  jiractice  of  archi- 
tecture and  placing  it  within  the  jurisdiction  of 
a  board  of  examiners,  composed  of  architects 
who  have  been  in  active  practice  as  principals 
within  the  State  for  not  le.ss  than  six  years,  with 
the  condition  that  one  of  the  members  is  to  be 
the  senior  professor  of  architecture  at  the 
Michigan  University. 

In  New  York  State  a  registration  law  be- 
came effective  last  year,  wliich  placed  in  the 
hands  of  a  board  of  regents,  who  perform  the 
same  ol!ice  for  the  medical  profession,  the  fixing 
of  standards  for  the  education  of  architects,  the 
conduct  of  examinations  of  those  who  desire  to 
practice,  and  the  issuance  of  certificates  ad- 
mitting to  practice  all  entitled  to  assume  the 
name  of  arcliitect. 

Commenting  on  the  situation  as  it  applies  to 
Chicago,  with  its  glaring  evidences  of  a  lack 
of  architectural  co-ordination,  one  of  the  mem- 
bers at  a  convention  of  Illinois  architects  .said: 
"Chicago's  buildings  wouldn't  even  make  good 
ruins.  They  are  a  sort  of  grotesque  and  paint- 
ed debris.  The  churches  look  like  forts.  The 
theatres  look  like  dry  goods  stores.  The  dry 
goods  stores  look  like  mausoleums.  The  general 
run  of  apartment  buildings  look  like  wedding 
cakes.  And  the  city's  public  edifices  run  the 
gamut,  as  Mark  Twain  said,  from  Grecian  to 
Roman  to  catch-as-catch-can  styles  of  arcliitec- 
ture.  Chicago's  loop  is,  futuristically  speaking, 
a  cross  between  the  catacombs  of  Eome  and  the 
nightmares  of  Aubrey  Beardsley;  a  composite 
of  gingerbread,  optimism  and  dyspeptic  towers. 
As  for  the  outlying  home;^,  they  are  the  result 
chiefly  of  speculative  plunges  instead  of  artis- 
tic flights,  and  are  about  as  soothing  to  the  eye 
as  porus  plasters  are  to  the  back.  American 
architecture  is  a  compound  of  trans]ilanted 
freaks  and  politics.  The  profession  is  crowd- 
ed with  men  who,  having  been  born  in  Italy 
or  France  or  Sweden,  seek  to  plant  Parthenons, 
Ijalaces  or  icebergs  in  the  busy  commercial 
istreets  of  this  country." 

These  remarks,  in  a  lesser  degree,  ])erhaps, 
apply  to  many  cities,  and  will  no  doubt  obtain 
until  the  architectural  profession  is  elevated  to 
the  position  it  deserves.  This  question  is  of 
national  significance,  and  deserves  to  liave  na- 
tional consideration. 


CONSTRUCTION 


25 


A  RICH  PRIZE 

Now  comes  the  main  chance  for  the  architects 
of  Canada.  No  more  should  art  languish  on  ac- 
count of  inactivity,  nor  genius  be  hidden  for  lack 
of  an  incentive.  Architecturally  all  roads  lead 
to  the  city  of  Sarnia,  where  the  Board  of  Educa- 
tion has  made  a  wonderful  offer  to  procure  com- 
petitive sketches  and  estimates  for  the  erection 
of  a  new  public  school  building.  A  sheet,  headed 
"Information  for  Architects,"  has  been  issued 
by  the  Chairman  of  the  Management  Committee 
of  the  Board  of  Education  of  Sarnia,  which  is  in- 
tended to  be  taken  seriously,  but  which  is  really 
a  huge  joke.  For  the  benefit  of  those  of  our 
readers  who  have  not  seen  this  wonderful  docu- 
ment we  reproduce  it  herewith  in  full,  emphasiz- 
ing certain  portions  by  black-faced  type : 

The  Management  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Education  of  thf 
city  of  Sarnia  has  been  instructed  by  the  Board  to  procure  com- 
petitive slcetches  and  estimates  for  the  erection  of  a  new  public 
school  building  and  such  specifications  as  to  material  and  worli- 
manship  as  wiil  indicate  the  character  of  the  building  and  en- 
able the  committee  to  judge  of  the  relative,  merits  of  the  pro- 
posed buildings. 

COST. — The  sketches  and  specifications  submiitted  shall  be 
on  the  basis  of  a  total  expenditure  for  the  building,  including 
blackboards,  seating,  etc.,  of  approximately  $50,000. 

GUARANTEE. — Each  architect  shall  guarantee  in  writing 
that  the  building  designed  by  him  can  in  the  ordinary  course  be 
constructed  for  his  estimate  of  the  cost,  and  that  by  responsible 
contractors. 

BUILDING. — The  building  shall  be  of  brick,  itwo  storeys  in 
height,  with  stone  basement,  and  shall  contain  ten  class-rooms, 
one  of  them  suitable  for  a  kindergarten  class  if  requiired,  teach- 
ers' rooms,  cloak-rooms,  etc.;  with  steam  heating  automatically 
regulated;  with  forced  venjtiiation;  with  drinking  fountains  and 
washing  appliances  suitably  placed:  closets  in  tile  basement; 
basement  to  be  divided  into  compairtmt nts  of  the  proper  size  for 
play  rooms,  workshops  suitable  for  industrial  training,  domestic 
science,  etc.,  and  to  be  well  lighted  and  ventilated.  The  bu'ild5ng 
must  conform  in  every  particular  to  the  regulations  and  recom- 
mendations of  the  Ontario  Department  of  Education. 

DRAWINGS. — The    sketches    required    must    show; 

(a)  Basement. 

(b)  First  floor. 

(c)  Second  floor. 

(d)  Front   elevation. 

(e)  Rear  elevation. 

(f)  Perspective   from   one   corner  of   buildUng,    the    paint  of 
sight  to  be  taken  at  the  level  of  the  ordinary  spectator. 

The  sketches  are  to  be  on  a  one-quarter  inch  scale,  without 
shading  and  without  any  accessories  such  as  sky,  trees,  flgures. 
etc. 

MOTTO  OR  CIPHER. — E>ch  sketch  is  to  be  marked  by  a 
motto  or  cipher.  There  shall  be  no  name  and  no  handwriting 
upon  the  drawings  or  speciticatuons.  A  plaiin  sealed  envelope 
bearing  the  same  motto  or  cipher  on  the  outside,  and  contain- 
ing the  architect's  guarantee  of  cost  and  his  motto  or  ci]>her, 
name  and  address,  is  to  be  sent  by  imil  f-r  deiivui'rd  by  come 
person  other  than  the  architect  or  any  person  in  his  eniiiloy  to 
James  Shanks.  Es<iuire,  272  Wellington  street,  Sarnia. 

TWO  OR  IVIORE  SKETCHES.— .\  competitor  is  not  restrict- 
ed as  to  the  number  of  designs  he  submits,  but  each  must  be 
under  a  separate  motto  or  cipher. 

DELIVERY. — Orawings  are  not  to  be  framed,  glazed  or 
mounted,  and  are  not  to  be  personally  shown  or  delnvered  by  the 
designer.  They  are  to  be  sent  or  delivered  to  James  Shanks, 
Esquire.  272  Wellington  street,  Sarnia. 

JUDGES.— The  Board  of  Education  shall  be  the  final  Judge, 
but  the  committee  may  reject  any  or  all  plans. 

EXPLANATIONS. — .\  brief  typewritten  explanation  with  the 
motto  or  cipher  of  the  designer,  but  wiithout  a  name  or  hand- 
writing thereon,  may  accompany  any  design,  but  no  arcMtect 
shall  be  permitted  to  interview  the  committee  or  any  member 
of  the  board  regarding  any  design  submitted,  or  to  be  submitted 
by  him. 

COMPENSATION.— If  a  plan  Is  decided  upon  by  the  com- 
mittee and  the  Board  of  Education,  and  is  duly  approved  by  the 
Public  School  Inspector,  and  the  money  to  erect  the  building  Is 
furnished  by  the  city,  the  author  of  the  plan  approved  of  and 
accept«l,  provided  his  guarantee  of  cost  is  not  exceeded  by  all 
the  contractors  satisfactory  to  the  committee  who  tender  (each 
and  all  of  which  are  conditions  precedent  to  any  liability  to  pay), 
shall  be  paid  for  completed  i>lans  and  specifications  (including 
all  neces.sary  details)  prompitly  completed  and  furnished  in  ac- 
cordance with  his  preliminary  sketches,  specifications  and  esti- 
mates, two  per  cent,  of  the  actual  cost  of  the  work,  and  ar- 
rangements for  the  superintendence  of  the  work  may  be  made 
in  the  discretion  of  the  parties. 

DISPOSAL   OF    DESIGNS.— No   unsuccessful   design    shall  be 


shown  to  any  competitor,  nor  to  any  person  other  than  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Board  of  Education,  without  the  consent  of  the 
author,  and  all  designs  other  than  the  one  accepted  (If  any) 
shall  be  returned  to  the  competitors  as  soon  as  a  selection  is 
made. 

TIME. — All  sketches,  specifications,  estimates  and  guar- 
antees must  be  in  the  hands  of  James  .Shanks,  Esquire,  before 
four   o'clock,    on   Monday,    the   31st   day    of   January. 

Surely  the  members  of  the  Board  of  Educa- 
tion of  the  city  of  Sarnia  are  a  bunch  of  prac- 
tical jokers,  the  crowning  part  of  the  farce  be- 
ing the  time  allowed  for  the  competition.  The 
invitation  to  compete  was  rece-ived  by  a  firm 
of  architects  in  Toronto  on  January  5th,  the 
time  set  for  all  sketches,  etc.,  to  be  in  hand  be- 
ing Monday,  the  31st  day  of  January.  When 
a  Board  of  Education  desires  to  insult  the  archi- 
tectural profession,  why  not  confine  itself  to  its 
own  home  town,  instead  of  making  itself 
ridiculous  before  the  eves  of  the  whole  country. 


REGISTRATION    OF    ARCHITECTS 
IN  NEW  YORK  STATE 

The  Board  of  Examiners  for  registration  of 
architects  in  the  State  of  New  York  held  its  first 
meeting  in  Albany  recently,  and  took  measures 
to  inaugurate  the  work  of  issuing  certificates  to 
all  persons  qualified  to  practice  under  the  title 
of  architect. 

The  New  York  State  registration  law,  which 
went  into  effect  on  April  28,  1915,  places  in  the 
hands  of  the  board  of  regents,  who  perform  the 
same  office  for  the  medical  profession,  the  fixing 
of  .standards  of  education  for  architects,  the 
conduct  of  examinations  of  those  who  desire  to 
practice  and  the  issuance  of  certificates  admit- 
ting to  practice  all  entitled  to  assume  the  name 
of  architect.  The  law  does  not  interfere  witli 
the  right  of  engineers,  contractors  or  others  who 
make  drawings  and  engage  in  building  work, 
but  re(iuires  everyone  who  wishes  to  practice  as 
"architect"  to  obtain  the  regents'  certificate. 
The  conditions  under  which  such  certificates 
can  be  obtained  are  as  follows: 

First.  — Possession  of  a  diploma  or  satisfac- 
tory certificate  from  a  recognized  architectural 
sahool  or  college  together  with  at  least  three 
years'  practical  experience  in  the  office  of  a 
reputable  architect  or  architects. 

Second. — Registration  as  an  architect  in  an- 
other state  or  country  where  the  standard  of 
(pialifications  is  not  lower  than  that  required 
in  New  York  State. 

Third.— Practice  exclusively  as  an  architect 
for  two  years  previous  bo  April  28,  1915. 

Fourth.— Practice  exclusively  as  an  arcliitect 
for  one  year  previous  to  April  28,  1915,  provid- 
ing apj)lication  for  certificate  be  made  before 
April  28,  1916. 

Every  person  applying  for  examination  or 
certificate  of  registration  shall  pay  a  fee  of  $25 
to  the  board  of  regents.  No  annual  fee  is  re- 
quired. 


Architectural  Digest 

Articles  of  More  Than  Passing  Interest  From  Our  Contemporaries 


REIMS    CATHEDRAL. 

An  inlPi-eHliiiK  aeries  of  ojiinlons  on  the  Huhject  of  the  restora- 
tion of  the  sculptures  of  Reims  Cathetlriil  Is  Klven  In  the  "Strand 
Majta/.lne."  M.  I'aul  Hourget.  the  well  known  author.  s«i.vs: 
"At  a  time  when  the  skill  of  surgeons  can  I'epair  Injuries  to  our 
wiiunded  heroes,  are  we  to  leave  our  works  of  ant  without  heads 
in-  arms?  1  kni>w  that  the  restoration  of  the  great  doorway  will 
prest'Upt  ditliculties,  and  1  do  not  know  if  the  moulding  of  all  the 
small  tlgures  which  hav)e  been  burned  has  been  preserved..  But 
the  lndisputaV)le  duty  of  the  njition  seems  to  me  to  be  to  restore 
all    that    can    be    scrupulously    copied."  M.  Emile  Hoiitrons 

think.-i  it  should  be  "partly  restored."  M.  I>eon  Berard.  a  former 
.Minister  of  Kine  .\rts.  says  that  restoration  "is  an  artistic  im- 
possibility." M,  .Joseph  Iteinach:  "Formerly  we  had  no  Parthe- 
non, no  I'aestum.  no  Forum  of  Trajan.  Now  we  have  them.  Let 
us  keep  them.  They  are  so  many  treasures  of  our  sorrows  and 
sufferings.  Ho  not  let  them  be  touched."  M.  Antonin  Mercie, 
the  sculptor,  is  against  any  attempt  at  restoration  other  than 
replacing  the  roof.  Tie  says:  "Have  you  ever  thought  of  rei)air- 
ing  the  Parthenon?  To  touch  it  would  be  to  chase  away  the  gods 
who  still  dwell  there,  and  who  will  never  leave  it."  M.  Rodin 
Hit\'s:  "Ignorance  is  so  great  everywhere  that  peojile  think  a 
cathedral  can  be  repaired  and  restored.  If  that  were  true  the 
hartn  would  not  be  gi'eat:  we  could  rebuild  cathedrals  as  we 
rebuild  a  battleship.  But  the  sad  thing  is  that  no  one  now 
knows  hnw  to  build  them."  The  consensus  of  opinion  seems 
to  point  to  the  impossibility  of  adequate  restoration;  the  only 
thing  which  could  render  it  possible  would  seem  to  be  the 
e.\lstence  of  actual  casts,  which  probably  have  never  been  taken. 


♦  • 


FIRE    PROTECTION    IN    SCHOOLS. 

.\fter  each  fatal  (ire  in  school  buildings,  such  as  seem  to  re- 
cur at  more  or  less  regular  intervals,  the  question  is  raised: 
"How  many  such  lessons  will  be  required  before  defec-tlve  or 
improper  consTruction  in  school  houses  will  be  totally  abolish- 
ed? How  long  will  a  saving  in  expense,  which  is  possible  only 
at  the  risk  of  children's  lives,  commend  itself  to  those  In  au- 
thority?" 

It  semes  that  in  the  case  of  the  Peabody  school  house  fire, 
the  children  had  been  regularly  and  thoroughly  trained  to  make 
a  quick  and  orderly  departure  from  the  building  in  Just  such 
an  emergency  as  occurred,  and  only  a  few  days  prior  to  the  fire, 
in  a  test  drill,  but  two  minutes  were  required  for  all  of  the 
children  to  leave  the  building.  Moreover,  it  is  generally  agreed 
that  tlie  conduct  of  the  teachers,  after  the  alarm  had  been 
given,  was  intelligent  and  heroic.  Whatever  it  was  i)Ossible  to 
do  they  apparently  did.  and  yet  many  lives  were  sacrificed. 

In  view  of  these  facts,  it  seems  that  the  necessity  for  some- 
thing more  than  the  ordinary  precautions  taken  to  prevent 
panic  and  provide  a  reasonably  quick  ineans  of  escape  from  a 
building  of  this  character  is  clearly  indicated.  In  other  words, 
it  is  obvious  that  only  when  school  buildings  are  constructed 
entirely  of  materials  tliat  will  not  burn,  is  the  danger  from  tires 
sufficiently   well  provided   against. 

It  has  been  stated  that  there  are  but  three  classes  of  build- 
ings where  attendance  is  involuntary — hospitals,  for  the  care 
of  the  mentally  or  physically  defective — Jails,  where  law-break- 
ers and  criminals  are  detained,  and  schools,  where  the  children 
of  the  country  are  jirepared  for  their  flfe  work.  The  first  two 
classes  are  now  almost  invariably  constructed  of  fireproof  ma- 
terials, and  why  in  the  case  of  schools  the  same  safeguards 
should  not  he  jtiaced  around  the  lives  of  the  occupants  whose 
attendance    is   re(iuired    l>y    law,    is   not   apparent. 

In  addition  to  the  fireproof  construction  of  school  buildings, 
there  is  anotlier  method  of  protecting  them  froin  fires  and 
rendering  lives  therein  reasonably-  safe.  This  consists  of  the 
proper  installation  of  automatic  sprinklers.  This  method  is 
esj>ecially  suited  to  buildings  alread.\-  constructed,  and  w^hich 
for  one  reason  or  another  could  not  be  readily  replaced  or  re- 
built   of    non-burnable    materials. 

It  is  claimed  that  no  serious  catastrophe  or  panic  has  ever 
taken  place  in  a  Imilding  with  a  properly  maintained  system  of 
automatic  sprinklers.  If  this  claim  is  entirely  accurate,  which 
seems  pral>al.>le.  since  we  have  never  known  of  its  being  seri- 
ously disputed,  any  excuse  for  longer  exposing  the  lives  of 
children  to  tlie  danger  to  which  the  children  of  the  Peabody 
school  were  exposed  is  invalidated,  and  failure  to  employ  means 
readil.v  at  hand  for  the  protection  of  lives  becomes  a  serious 
matter. 

In  both  the  construction  and  equipment  of  school  Ijuildings, 
as  well  as  those  bclongirig  to  other  classes,  the  architect's  in- 
fluence is  unciuestionably  great,  and  it  is  hoped  that  the  archi- 
tects of  this  countr\'  will  have  their  consciences  quickened  by 
reading  ti.e  reports  of  tliis  last  needless  sacrifice  of  humaii 
lives,  until  they  will  no  longer  share  the  responsibility  that  will 
atUich  to  the  erection  of  buildings  intended  for  the  housing  of 
children  for  either  instruction  or  entertainment,  that  have  not 
lieen  made  as  nearly  safe  as  the  means  now  readily  at  han<l 
would  un(iuestionably  make  them. —  "American  Architect." 


FIRE     PREVENTION     VS.     FIRE     PROTECTION. 

"Locking  the  barn-door  after  the  liorse  has  Ijeen  stolen,"  is 
a  tinie-houitred  exi>ression;  but  it  applies  witli  peculiar  emphasis 
to  m.'iny  of  our  supposedl.\'  modern  nuinicipal  governments. 
Lspeciali:.-  is  this  true  in   the  matter  of  the  tire  loss. 

While  enormous  sums  are  spent  annually  in  the  equipment 
and  upkeep  of  fire  departments  for  the  purpose  of  controlling 
and  extinguishing  fires,  it  is  almost  a  noveit,\-  to  find  a  munici- 
palit\-  with  a  dejiartment  charged  with  the  inspection,  ;ind  with 
authority  to  enforce  the  correction,  of  conditions  favorable  to 
fires,  in  some  of  our  larger  cities  some  progress  has  been  made 
ijy  tile  fire  departments,  which  have  set  apart  small  details  of 
their  staffs,  charged  with  inspection  work.  The  result  of  their 
work  is  fn'inimized.  liowever.  by  the  fact  that  the  inspectors  liave 
not    sufficient    authorit\-. 


The  fire  chiefs  have  It  in  their  power  to  advance  the  fire 
prevention  campaign  and  secure  results.  If  a  fire  chife's  record 
depended  upon  his  keeping  down  the  number  of  fires,  instead 
of  his  ability  to  handle  fires  after  they  have  broken  out,  there 
would  be  greater  effort  at  inspection.  Fire  chiefs  should  Insist 
upon  sufficient  men  for  inspection  work;  these  men  should  be 
held  responsible  for  the  inspection  and  correction  of  dangerous 
conditions,  and.  to  make  their  work  effective,  the  inspectors 
should  be  clothed  with  fire  marshal  authority,  in  order  that 
any  fire  brfaking  out  in  their  inspection  districts  might  be 
thoroughly  investigated  and  the  cause  definitely  assigned.  In 
this  way  an  Inspector's  reputation  for  thoroughness  would  be 
at  stake,  and,  with  the  knowledge  that  a  fire  would  be  in- 
vestigated by  one  familiar  with  the  conditions,  there  would  be 
fewer  fires  of  a  suspicious  character,  or  due  to  carelessness. 

.viumcipalitles  can  well  afford  to  make  generous  appropria- 
tions for  fire-preventive  inspection  work.  It  is  an  investment 
which  will  yiekl  large  returns,  not  only  in  reduced  flre  loss, 
but  in  reduction  in  the  cost  of  upkeep  of  fire  departments  and 
equipment. — Conservation. 


METAL   CORROSION    BY    PLASTER. 

Theoretically  cement  will  pre.serve  metal  work  whereas  gyj)- 
sum  will  corrode  it.  but  m  i)ractice  gypsum  plaster  has  no  cor- 
rosive effect  and  is  equal  to  Portland  cement,  provided  that  gyp- 
sum plasters  as  now  made  have  a  sutticient  proportion  of  hv- 
drated  lime  incorporated  in  the  manufacture  to  more  than 
neutralize  any  free  acid  in  pure  gypsum. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Walker,  Director  of  the  liesearch  Laboratory  of 
Applied  Chemistry  of  the  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology, 
said  recently  that  every  engineer  is  well  aware  of  the  fact  that 
acidulated  water,  no  matter  how  small  the  percentage  of  acid 
may  be,  tends  to  corrode  steel  by  increasing  the  number  of  hy- 
drogenions  preisent.  It  had  been  made  clear,  from  tests  he  car- 
ried out,  that  there  were  certain  alkaline  substances  present  in 
concrete  which  corrected  any  acidity  and  so  i)rotected  the  con- 
tained metal  work  from  corrosion. 

This  fact  has  an  important  bearing  upon  the  question  of  whe- 
ther concrete  will  protect  iron  or  steel  Irom  corrosion.  Inasmuch 
as  Portland  cement,  when  it  sets  or  hardens,  liberates  a  quantity 
ot  caustic  lime,  which  is  a  strong  alkali,  the  answer  to  the  ques- 
tion must  be  in  the  affirmative.  Iron  and  steel  will  not  corrode 
when  embedded  in  good  concrete  but  caustic  lime  is  soluble  in 
water,  and  poorly  made  concrete  is  not  impervious  to  moisture. 
Therefore,  if  iron  be  embedded  in  concrete  through  which  water 
is  allowed  at  any  time  to  percolate,  this  calcium  hydrate  will  be 
slowly  but  surely  dissolved.  With  it  will  disappear  the  inhibiting 
action  of  the  concrete,  and  iron  embedded  therein  will,  in  time, 
rust  and  become  corroded.  To  ensure  absolute  protection  of  the 
reinforcing  members  of  concrete  construction,  therefore  such 
concrete  must  be  of  good  quality  and  sufficiently  dense  and  care- 
fully made  to  render  it  waterproof. 

Mr.  S.  J.  Webb,  secretary  of  the  Gypsum  Industries  Associa- 
tion, New  York,  has  investigated  the  suliject  of  corrosion  on 
metal  lath  by  gypsum  plasters,  and  gave  the  writer  the  follow- 
ing results  of  his  investigations.  Gypsum  plaster  to  which  has 
been  added  a  small  quantity  of  hydrated  lime — enough  to  give  an 
alkaline  reaction,  on  test — will  not  corrode  metal  work  of  any 
kind.  He  maintains  that  it  is  not  gypsum  which  corrodes  or 
which  creates  corrosion,  but  the  currents  of  damp  air  which  are 
allowed  to  have  access  to  the  metal  work — in  other  words,  that 
where  the  metal  work  is  entirely  sealed  from  the  action  of  the 
air,  by  having  a  sutticientb'  thick  coat  of  plaster  over  and  around 
it,  there  is  not  suflicient  porosity  in  the  ordinary  wall  plaster  to 
allow  damp  air  to  reach  the  metal  work,  and  therefore  there  will 
be  no  corrosion.  He  had  occasion  recently  to  cut  into  the  floor 
and  roof  of  Hammersteins'  Theatre,  in  New  York,  which  were  of 
gypsum  construction,  and  had  been  in  some  nine  or  ten  years. 
The  floor,  which  was  finished  with  one  inch  of  Portland  cement 
<  oncrete,  had  been  washed  with  a  hose  dally  for  years.  The 
water  had  not  gone  through  the  plaster,  and  therefore  the  steel 
work  protected  by  the  fioor  was  in  perfect  condition.  . 

He  also  cited  another  example:  The  National  Fire  Under- 
writers' Laboratories  in  Chicago  had  in  their  basement  for  two 
years  a  section  of  inetal  lath  coated  with  gypsum  hardwall 
plaster  manufactured  in  the  United  States.  This  section  had 
been  subjected  to  dam|)nes.s  in  the  cellar  for  a  sufficiently  long 
period  to  give  it  a  good  test.  Mr.  Webb  secured  the  section  and 
liad  tests  made.  On  removing  the  plaster  it  was  found  that 
where  the  metal  lath  had  been  covered  with  an  ordinary  thick- 
ness of  plaster  from  one-quarter  inch  upwards  there  had  been 
slight  initial  corrosion,  but  no  progressive  corrosion.  In  a  few 
places  where  the  plaster  had  been  skinned  very  thin  so  that  there 
was  sufficient  porosity  to  allow  the  air  to  pass  through  there  had 
been  progressive  corrosion.  He  took  a  portion  of  this  section 
with  him  to  New  York  and  exhibited  it  before  a  committee  who 
had  in  charge  a  revision  of  the  New  Y'ork  building  laws.  The 
demonstration  was  convincing  to  this  body,  composed  of  eminent 
scientists  and  men  prominent  in  the  building  trades,  with  the 
result  that  they  approved  ot  the  use  of  gypsiim  plaster  over  all 
metal  surfaces. 

.A  section  of  wall  was  taken  from  the  King  Edward  Hotel. 
Toronto,  recently,  which  had  been  plastered  a  number  of  years 
ago.  with  gypsum  wall  iilaster  on  metal  lath.  The  metal  was 
verv  badly  corroded.  The  plaster  had  been  applied  in  a  thin 
coat,  and  was  manufactured  at  a  time  when  the  gypsum  hard- 
wall  inanufacturers  had  not  begun  to  use  hydrated  lime  to 
neutralise  the  slight  amount  of  free  acid  in  gypsum.  It  is  due 
to  examples  of  this  kind,  coupled  with  the  fact  that  jiure  gypsum 
gives  an  acid  reiction.  that  there  is  a  prejudice  against  the  use 
of  hardwall  plaster  in  connection  with  metal.  Some  metal  lath 
inanufacturers  have  gone  to  a  great  deal  of  trouble  to  adapt 
their   material?   for  use  of   gypsum    plasters. 

26 


CONSTRUCTION 


27 


While  we  believe  that  any  Improvement  in  the  manufacture 
of  metal  lath  that  will  make  it  less  liable  to  corrosion  is  a  dis- 
tinct advance,  we  tind  that  if  gypsum  plaster  is  applied  to  the 
thickness  of  one-half  inch  or  more  and  well  trowelled  to  a  suffi- 
cient density  to  make  an  ordinary  good  wall  there  is  no  danger  of 
f.psum  hardwall  plaster  corroding  ordinary  steel  metal  lath  or 
other  metal  surfaces.  It  will  be  found  that  there  is  always 
piesent  an  initial  corrosion,  but  that  where  ordinary  care  is 
taken  there  will  be  no  progressive  corrosion,  and  tluit  therefore 
the  metal  will  be  jiroperly  protected,  and  al.so  that  it  is  im- 
material whether  Poi-tland  cement  plaster  of  a  gypsum  hardwall 
lilaster  is  used.  The  ancient  objection  no  longer  obtains  in  re- 
gard to  the  use  of  gvpsum  hardwall  plasters  made  by  modern 
methods  and  formulae.  A  simple  test  can  be  carried  out  by  any 
one  to  show  whether  there  is  any  free  acid  present  in  the  plaster. 
When  vou  have  vour  plaster  mixed  up,  insert  a  strip  of  litmus 
paper  In  the  mortar,  and  if  it  turns  red  you  will  know  that  there 
is  free  acid  present,  and  the  mortar  should  not  be  used  on  metal 
lath  If  it  turns  blue,  it  means  that  the  material  is  alkaline,  and 
therefore  suitable   for   metal. — "Stone  Trade   .Journal." 


QUALITY,    NOT    QUANTITY,    BASIS    OF    TECHNICAL 
ADVERTISING. 

As  returns  are  coming  in  upon  the  years  advertising  cam- 
paign, it  would  be  interesting  to  know  the  experience  of  some 
of  those  manufacturers  wlio  last  January  decided  to  abandon  the 
use  of  technical  jiress  space  for  layouts  in  the  popular  magazines. 
I'erhajis  it  was  a  most  ingenious  quality  of  business  foresight 
which  pictured  that  a  million  readers  of  stories  by  the  best 
authors  would  bring  more  sales  than  a  thousand  directly  inter- 
e.=ted  in  the  thing  advertised,  but  it  certainly  is  not  locical. 
Because  a  firm  that  manufactures  knit  underwear  finds  its  mar- 
ket through  the  medium  of  a  bromide  magazine,  it  cannot  be 
aigued  that  this  will  warrant  a  hardware  or  a  heating  concern 
using  the  same  medium  when  the  purchase  involves  a  technical 
knowledge  in  its  selection  only  possessed  by  an  architect  or  other 
expert.  Yet.  because  the  advertisers  in  the  popular  magazine 
ectablishes  the  price  of  siMice  by  its  circulation  and  possibly  its 
returns  in  one  case,  at  cannot  be  taken  for  granted  that  the  same 
rule  wHl  apply  in  the  other.  The  knowledge  of  the  value  and 
properties  of  advertising  is  of  slow  growth.  Even  in  this  day 
of  efflciencv  experts  and  publicity  professors,  the  average  busi- 
ness manager  does  not  know  that  no  man  can  write  successful 
copy  before  he  becomes  intimately  acquainted  with  the  manu- 
facture, the  amount  of  stock  on  hand,  the  maximum  output, 
the  centers  where  it  will  be  in  best  demand  and  the  trade  and 
domestic  customs  of  those  centers.  Abandoning  the  former  hit 
or  miss  policy  of  distributing  advertising  as  most  successful  firms 
have,  the  art  has  reached  that  iioint  with  but  a  few  concerns 
where  the  salesmanager  is  also  the  director  of  its  advertising 
and  from  his  experience  in  selling,  judge  the  mediums  through 
which  his  market  can  be  best  and  most  effectively  reached.  Al- 
leadv  one  fifth  of  the  states  require  the  registration  and  exam- 
ination of  architects  before  they  are  allowed  to  practice.  Every 
progressive  city  in  the  country  is  remodelling  and  making  more 
drastic  its  building  code  to  meet  these  modern  conditions.  The 
aichitect  and  the  building  inspector,  and  not  the  ultimate  con- 
sumer are  the  real  distributors  of  building  supjilies.  This  should 
show  the  manufacturers  that  it  is  better  to  reach  one  architect 
with  a  convincing  advertisement,  than  a  thousand  or  ten  thou- 
sand laymen  who  know  nothing  about  the  material  and  who  de- 
pend upon  the  advice  of  those  who  do  know.  Then,  not  the 
least  factor  in  favor  of  the  selling  value  of  the  technical  journal 
as  compared  with  the  popular  magazine  of  wide  general  circu- 
lation is,  that  the  first  is  subscribed  for  with  a  direct  purpose  of 
obtaining  information.  The  second,  to  while  away  an  hour  on  a 
train,  or  to  induce  a  sleepy  condition  before  retiring.  When  the 
manufacturer  learns  the  first  principle  of  advertising,  which  is 
direct  publicity,  he  will  realize  that  the  architect  and  the  con- 
tractor, and  not  the  consumer  is  the  real  purchaser.  He  will 
then  seek  quality  instead  of  quantity  in  his  advertising  circu- 
lation.— "Western  .Architect." 


SIMPLICITY    IN    ARCHITECTURE. 

To  be  straightforward  in  architectural  expression  is  the  most 
difficult  thing  on  earth;  it  implies  a  force  of  character  trained 
to  grasp  a  multitude  of  diverse  conditions;  it  demands  a  know- 
ledge of  men.  of  life,  as  well  as  of  the  crafts  and  the  kindred 
arts;  it  calls  for  untiring  activity,  ceaseless  comparison,  and  a 
flood  of  energy  if  the  architect  is  ambitious  to  translate  abstract 
qualities  into'  fluent  and  distinguishable  terms.  Architecture, 
when  it  soars  above  the  ordinary  level,  is  akin  to  the  finest 
literature;  its  purpose  is  analogous.  Having  once  enjoyed  purity 
of  style,  brilliancy  of  conception,  and  that  easy  scholarshi])  which 
l«  never  absent  from  insiiired  work,  we  entertain  little  affection 
for  the  products  of  mediocrity,  no  matter  how  attractive  the 
latter  may  appear  at  first  sight,  nut  the  very  nature  of  the 
term  "simplicity"  is  one  needing  careful  inquiry,  for  it  holds  a 
subtle  meaning,  and,  although  the  expression  is  used  glibly 
every  day,  few  pause  to  consider  or  analyse  the  elusive  qualities 
the  word  connotes.  We  have  a  valid  excuse  to-day  to  direct 
attention  to  what  should  be  understood  by  every  architect, 
namely,  the  need  for  logical  exjiression  in  the  problems  of  de- 
sign entrusted  to  his  care  and  scholarship.  For  the  age  is 
curious  in  its  uncertain  tendencies,  and  what  we  are  apt  to 
decry  as  careless  inefficiency  on  the  part  of  the  individual, 
viewed  in  a  larger  sense,  is  more  often  the  product  of  a  decadent 
.and  apathetic  epoch.  Simplicity  in  architecture  is  difficult  to 
attain  for  many  reasons,  among  which  the  demand  for  novelty 
it  the  chief  deterrent.  In  addition,  the  lack  of  co-operation 
among  artists,  inability  to  fix  a  definite  standard  of  taste,  the 
love  of  complexity  and  vulgar  display  ruled  by  commercial 
instinct  almost  invariably  act  against  real  achievement,  and.  in 
consequence,  a  dead  level  vernacular  passes  muster  as  the  real 
thing  in  the  public  estimation  of  what  constitutes  recent  archi- 
tecture. We  are  moved  to  condemn,  in  the  strongest  terms. 
those  sjiecimens  of  building  enterprise  which  disfigure  the  chief 
centers  of  the  metropolis;  we  indulge  in  melancholy  retrospects 
of  what  past  ages  accomplished  in  architecture;  we  rage 
hysterically  and  utter  invectives  against  those  responsible  for 
the  perpetration  of  such  monuments  of  incompetence;  yet  we 
fail  to  realize  how  the  evil  can  he  checked  or  the  puVilic  enlight- 
ened on  this  issue  of  vital  importance  to  art.  To  return  to  onr 
discussion.  Increased  simplicity  in  the  facial  aspect  of  public 
and  other  buildings  is  the  surest  way  to  remedy  the  overweening 
brutality  which   is  the  only  attribute  possessed   by  many  struc- 


tures. We  have  said  that  the  period  militates  against  the 
chance  of  improvement,  but  it  must  not  be  forgotten  that  we 
are  unfortunate  in  being  at  the  juncture  of  two  ei>ochs.  We  are 
laced  with  eventualities  of  vast  magnitude  to  the  national  life; 
the  old  order  of  things  has  been  completely  changed  and  our 
outlook  bi-oadened  in  a  way  which  a  few  years  previous  we 
should  have  deemed  impossible.  The  chief  danger  is  that  we 
should  throw  over  our  responsibilities.  Ignore  scholarship,  cast 
triidition  to  the  limbo  of  things,  and  embark  on  a  poiicy  of 
adventure  in  architecture  that  could  only  have  a  chaotic  ending. 
Those  who  view  architectural  evolution  with  optimism  are 
better  qualified  to  voice  an  opinion  on  the  subject,  and  the  con- 
sensus of  limited  opinion  in  that  regard  holds  to  the  view  that 
scholarship  and  tradition  will  eventually  succeed,  and  that  the 
existing  lack  of  co-ordination  will  be  replaced  by  a  system  of 
control  and  honest  endeavor.  We  are  firmly  convinced  that 
this  view  is  the  only  acceptable  one,  and  in  its  pursuance  lies 
the  real  way  out  of  the  maze  of  uncertainty  which  at  present 
clogs  English  architecture.  Simplicity  In  architectural  expression 
If.  thought  by  some  to  mean  a  bald  statement  of  fact,  an  undue 
plainness  in  elevations,  a  sweeping  away  of  ornament  and 
unnecessary  features,  conformity  to  the  stern  discipline  of 
economy,  and  a  reversion  to  base  materials.  We  are  told  in  some 
quarters  to  expect  a  recrudescense  of  a  columnar  type  of  archi- 
tecture applied  to  all  sorts  of  facades  without  regard  to  con- 
venience or  beauty.  If  we  thought  such  opinions  were  enter- 
tained with  any  seriousness,  we  should  lose  no  time  in  exposing 
the  fallacy  and  checking  such  manoeuvres.  Others  maintain  that 
simplicity  means  a  series  of  flat  uninteresting  buildings  pierced 
with  windows,  so  elementary  in  conception  that  the  veriest  tyro 
would  mock  at  the  result.  Both  parties  are  convinced  that  they 
are  right  in  their  outlook,  and  use  every  means  within  their 
range  to  decry  attempts  at  scholarship.  The  real  meaning  of  the 
term  lies  in  deeper  channels,  it  disowns  baldness  of  treatment, 
it  is  not  discovered  in  mere  reproductions  of  well-tried  models; 
it  is  concomitant  with  conception  and  style,  and  its  principles 
are  indistinguishable  from  composition  and  proportion.  Com- 
plexity in  design,  if  rightly  handled,  has  its  uses  too;  it  is  a 
sure  weapon  in  the  hand  of  a  master  and  dangerous  to  the 
inexperienced;  it  is  sometimes  found  side  by  side  with  sim- 
plicity, in  which  case  it  plays  the  i>art  of  a  contrast  or  foil. 
Its  chief  function  is  to  impart  light  and  shade,  but  its  interest 
should  be  manifest  for  all  to  read  and  understand,  otherwise 
it  fails  of  its  purpose  and  confuses  rather  than  relieves  the 
whole.  On  the  other  hand,  rich  simplicity  in  the  elevational 
expression  of  a  building  is  the  surest  index  of  inspired  work. 
It  is  inimitable  in  its  explicit  clarity,  yet  so  slight  is  the  barrier 
which  separates  the  richly  simple  from  baldness  or  complexity 
that  only  >'ears  of  experience  can  determine  where  the  one  ends 
and    the   other   begins. 

Architects  are  inclined  to  misinterpret  the  works  of  the  past, 
holding  such  types  to  be  models  of  excellence  and  worthy  of 
emulation,  but  overlooking  the  fact  that  whole  periods  of  his- 
tory went  to  the  shaping  of  their  attributes:  and  that  the  real 
meaning,  elusive  to  many,  inherent  in  these  masterpieces  is 
that  the  architect,  perhaps  subconsciously,  imparted  the  very 
essence  of  his  age  to  the  shaping  of  the  parts  and  the  massing 
of  the  ■  whole.  It  will  be  asked  with  pertinence,  "How  is  it 
possible  to  impart  that  desirable  rich  expression  to  a  plain 
building  if  we  are  to  forego  the  usual  features  that  make  up  our 
stock-in-trade?"  The  answer  is  pithy  and  to  the  point;  "By 
the  exercise  of  common  sense  in  the  proportion  of  parts;  by  a 
.sound  study  of  what  elementary  compo.sition  implies;  by  re- 
ticence in  the  selection  of  ornament  and  elimination  of  crude 
and  ugly  features  which  are  characteristic  of  the  prevalent 
fashion."  In  England  especially  architecture  is  too  self-con- 
scious, architects  too  obsessed  with  the  importance  of  the 
problems  they  are  engaged  upon.  There  is  too  much  paper 
architecture,  and  little  if  any  aptitude  is  shown  to  design  a 
building  to  look  well  in  execution,  and  at  the  same  time  to  meet 
any  demands  made  upon  it  from  a  purely  artistic  and  critical 
standpoint.  In  the  majority  of  offices,  from  the  time  the  small- 
scale  drawings  are  flnished  and  the  full-size  details  compiled, 
the  designer  has  no  thought  of  the  finished  aspect  of  his  work; 
more  often  th-in  not  he  relies  on  an  element  of  chance,  and 
failure  after  failure  is  the  result.  An  architect  can  only  put  into 
a  building  what  he  has  assimilated;  to  the  uninitiated  the  work 
may  appear  satisfactory,  but  to  the  scholar,  or  even  the  layman 
with  a  critical  outlook,  such  works  convey  no  cheering  message. 
There  is  something  in  life  which  the  true  artist  is  always  pur- 
suing— it  is  the  nuest  of  the  ideal.  He  can  never  attain  his 
object;  the  chagrin  he  experiences  is  very  poignant,  the  slight 
successes  very  sweet;  yet  all  unknown  to  himself  he  imparts  an 
element  of  sadness  to  his  works  which  lifts  them  out  of  the 
common  into  the  sphere  of  nobler  things.  We  take  this  oiipor- 
tunity  to  censure  the  coarse  tendencies  of  those  architects  who 
disfigure  good  Portland  stone  with  insipid  and  meaningless 
carvings,  innumerable  Cupid's  heads,  and  other  dressings  which 
shall  lie  nameless.  The  platitudes  showered  upon  contemporary 
architecture,  the  encomiums  bestowed  on  buildings  by  reason 
of  their  material  construction,  the  cheap  insincerity  of  contem- 
porary opinion  among  architects  collectively,  together  with  open- 
ly practised  charlatanry,  are  among  the  evi's  which  have  dragged 
some  aspects  of  English  architecture  down  to  the  lowest  depths 
it  has  ever  reached. — "The  Builder." 


Civic  Improvement  League  of  Canada. 

The  conference  of  the  new  Civic  Ini\irovement  I^eague  of 
Canada,  to  be  held  in  Ottawa  on  the  20th  inst..  is  likely  to  be 
one  of  the  most  lini)ortant  municipal  gatherings  that  have  ever 
been  held  in  the  Dominion.  The  conference  will  be  held  in  the 
large  Railway  Committee  room  of  the  House  of  Commons,  and 
representatives  are  likel.v  to  -be  present  from  all  the  nine  Pro- 
vinces. Montreal,  Toronto.  Winnipeg  and  other  large  cities  will 
be  officially  represented.  Among  the  principal  speakers  will  be 
Sir  .Tohn  Willison  (chairman)  and  the  Hon.  W.  J.  Hanna,  Pro- 
vincial Secretarv  of  Ontario. 

It  is  anticipated  that  municipal  questions  will  be  dealt  with 
under  three  mnin  beads,  namel.v;" 

Municipal    Ciovernnient   and    Finance. 

Immigration.    Unemployment   and    PuMic   Health. 

Housing,   Town   Planning  and   JjOcal   improvements. 

It  is  agreed  that  there  is  urgent  need  for  discussion  of  the 
many  civic  problems  that  have  already  arisen  and  are  likely  to 
arise  in  the  future  as  a  result  of  the  war,  Croat  interest  has 
been  aroused  in  the  new  movement  in  all  parts  of  the  Domin- 
ion, and  there  is  extraordinary  unanimity  with  regard  tn  the 
need  for  a  national  organization  to  study  and  discuss  municipal 
problems. 


Prosperity   Paragraphs 


Items  of  General  Interest  Reflecting  Industrial  and  Financial  Conditions  in  The  Dominion 


SHOWING  STABILITY. 
AccortlliiK  to  tile  last  Canadian  bank  statement  the  total 
demand  deposltK  In  Canadian  banks  during  November  were 
Kreater  than  at  anv  time  In  the  iHevlous  history  of  Canada, 
having  erossed  the  *4(l(l,00().000  mark,  standing  at  $406,735,171. 
an  lncnii«e  of  $.1,';. 851.0(10  durlnR  the  year.  Notice  deposits  had 
also  uu-reased  from  $701,000,000  to  $714,000,000;  the  gold  reserve 
has  inereased  from  $11,750,000  to  $15,100,000.  and  assets  from 
$1,657,000,000    to    $1,702,000,000. 

MUNICIPAL   EXPENDITURES. 

An  Impetus  to  construction  work  for  the  year  nineteen  huti- 
dred  and  sixteen  was  launched,  when  over  one  hundiH»(i  munici- 
palities In  (Intarlo  passed  by-laws  to  spend  millions  of  dollars 
In  ftvlc  construction  work,  and  granted  concessions  to  private 
companies  tx>  rncourage  them  to  erect  factories  and  plants  in 
their  respective  towns.  Fully  95  per  cent,  of  all  by-laws  which 
entailf<l  the  expenditure  of  moneys  were  passed,  which  (s  the 
answer  to  the  financial  conditions  which  prevail. 

WAR  NO  DRAWBACK  TO  BUSINESS. 
With  bank  cle-arintis  exceeding  not  only  last  year,  bu't  1913 
as  well.  In  nearly  every  city,  railway  earnings  away  ahead, 
manv  industries  Working  day  and  night,  lumbermen  scarce, 
nvlnlng  active,  farmers  with  money  to  spend  after  paying  their 
debts.  Increased  customs  revenue,  a  brisk  wholesale  business, 
and  reviving  rutail  trade,  it  looks  like  prosperous  times  in 
Canada.  The  war  is  a  depressing  factor  socially,  but  not  com- 
mercially,  so  far  as  this  continent  i.s  concerned. 

HOPEFUL  OUTLOOK. 
When  the  Winter  Fair  at  Guelph  was  opened  by  Hon. 
Martin  Hurrell,  Minister  of  Agriculture,  he  pointed  out  the 
Important  part  agriculture  was  playing  in  Canada's  prosperity. 
Concluding,  he  said:  "A  country  which  over- subscribed  the 
first  loan  in  its  history  by  twice  the  amount  needed,  whose 
granaries  afe  overflowing  despite  the  drain  of  the  young  man- 
hood from  the  country;  a  country  which  is  prosperous  in  time 
of  war,   will  always  be  able  to  stand  on  its  own   feet." 

MORE  MONEY  AVAILABLE. 
The  banks  in  Canada  are  in  a  stronser  position  than  they 
ever  have  been  before.  In  addition  to  an  increase  of  nearly 
$85,000,000  in  savings  deposits  there  has  been  during  the  iJast 
year  a  contraction  of  nearly  $30,000,000  in  current  loans.  It 
would,  therefore,  appear  that  the  banks  have  nearly  $120,000,000 
more  money  than  they  had  last  year.  The  millions  advanced 
by  the  banks  for  ithe  crop  movement,  both  at  home  and  in 
New  York,  are  commencing  to  return,  and  some  investment 
must   be    found    for   them. 

MONTREAL'S  CLEARINGS  UP  70  PER  CENT. 

Montreal  bank  clearings  show  another  sharp  increase  for  the 
week  ended  January  1st,  the  'total  for  the  period  being  $23,745.- 
438,  or  nearly  70  per  cent,  over  the  figures  for  the  corresponding 
week  last  year,  and  $13,567,614  in  excess  of  that  of  1913.  The 
figures    follow: 

1915     $58,045,779 

1914     34.303,341 

1913      44,481,165 

Tlie  increase  reported  last  week  was  $22,500,294,  for  the 
previous  week  $25,913,606,  and  for  the  week  before  that  $17,- 
657,070. 

HOW  CANADA'S  POSITION"HAS  STRENGTHENED. 
When  war  broke  out  in  August,  1914,  there  was  a  decided 
drop  in  all  departments  of  commerce,  and  that  war  depression 
affected  business  materially  for  twelve  months.  About  August 
last  the  Western  harvest  and  the  orders  for  munitions  of  war 
began  to  lift  the  gloom  and  allow  the  light  to  shine  through. 
Our  exports  increased  with  such  rapidit.v  that  now.  at  the  end 
of  nine  months  of  the  fiscal  year,  we  have  a  trade  balance  in 
our  favor  of  more  than  $150,000,000.  By  the  end  of  the  fiscal 
year  tiie  indications  are  that  this  amount  will  have  increased 
until  it  will  much  more  than  offset  the  nation's  Interest  charges 
on    borrowings   outside   of   the    Dominion. 

TORONTO    HAS    MILLIONS    OF    WORK    UNDER    WAY. 

"There  are  buildings  now  in  course  of  construction  in  To- 
ronto that  aggregate  a  value  of  $12,250,000,"  said  Chief  In- 
spector G.  F.  W.  Price  recently.  "There  Is  more  building  going 
on  than   is   generally    supposed. 

"Much  of  it  is  being  done  on  former  permits,  which  have 
been  renewed,  and  which  are  not  listed  with  the  newly-issued 
permits.  People  who  a  year  or  so  ago  began  to  build  and 
stopped  hiive  begun  again,  and  will  finish  the  work,  now  that 
money  is  moving  more  freely." 

There  are  only  ten  inspectors  'to  look  after  all  this  work. 
Dne  man  is  kept  steadily  on  the  Union  Station  job. 

ALLY    COUNTRIES    GIVE     DOMINION     PREFERENCE. 

Sir  Geo.  I'erley.  presiding  at  the  Canadian  Business  Luncheon 
Club  in  Ix>ndon  on  December  17th,  at  which  thirty  leading 
Canadian  firms  and  instiitutions  were  represented,  said  he  had 
the  assurance  of  the  British  Government's  readiness  to  extend 
to  Canada  a  preference  over  the  United  States  and  all  other 
neutral  countries  in  war  supplies.  He  said  not  only  British 
Ministers,  but.  what  was  even  more  important,  high  officials 
of  the  purchaBing  departments  were  heai^t  and  soul  with  Cana- 
dians in  this  principle  of  priority  for  Canadians  over  foreign 
productions.  He  also  saw  a  great  chance  for  "after  war"  ex- 
lK)rt  trade,  which  awaited  Canadian  enterprise  in  countries 
like  Franc-e  and  Russia.  The  governments  of  these  countries 
now  accepted  the  principle  of  preference  for  Canada,  as  one 
of  their  allies. 

TRADE    REVIVAL    IN    WESTERN    CANADA. 

In  the  cities  of  the  ^Vest  the  prosperity  of  the  country  is 
being  refiected.  Fverywhere  business  is  active.  T'he  whole- 
salers and  the  ret.iilers  and  the  iniplement  dealers  find  business 
good.  The  banks  an<l  othei-  collection  houses  find  collections 
satisfactory,  and  financial  men  declare  that  Westerners  are 
pa\ing  up  their  debts.  In  ^^'innil)eg  the  bank  clearings  have 
been  the  largest  in  history,  exceeding  some  weeks  the  figures 
of  Montreal  ami  Toronto.  Tlie  grain  shipments  have  been  the 
biggest    in    the    history    of    Winnipeg   and    in    the   history   of    the 


twin  ports.  Fort  William  and  Port  Arthur.  Industrially,  Winni- 
peg has  kept  up  to  the  pace.  In  the  year  there  have  been 
twenty  new  industries  established  in  the  city's  manufacturing 
districts,  and  ithe  pay-roll,  output  and  general  conditions  of 
the  inaustrles  show  improvement,  advancement,  and  no  steps 
backward.  In  other  ways  also  the  people  of  Winnipeg,  of 
Manitoba,  and  of  Alberta  and  Saskatchewan  have  shown  their 
pros|)erity.  Record  subscrijitlons  have  bsen  given  to  the 
Patriotic,  the  Belgium  and  Poland  Uellef  and  the  Red  Crosa 
Funds.  Millions  have  been  subscribed  in  the  Provinces  to  the 
Canadian   war   loan. 

BANKS   OPTIMISTIC. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Hank  of  Montreal  on  Decem- 
ber 6th,  Mr.  H.  V.  Meredith,  president,  summarized  the  gen- 
eral trade  and  financial  position  In  these  phrases: 

The  lumber  business  generally  throughout  Canada,  though 
suffering  from  inability  to  obtain  tonnage  to  market  the  cut, 
shows    some    improvement. 

"Farming,   the  backbone  of  the  country,  is  prosperous. 

"There  lis  a  greater  demand  for  the  products  of  the  mines 
at  higher  prices. 

"From  the  Atlantic  to  the  I^cific  good  fisheries  are  reported; 
also  at  enhanced   prices. 

"The  textile  and  allied  interests  are  at  the  moment  well 
employed,  while  the  steel  coiniranies  and  those  engaged  in  the 
manufacture    of   munitions    of   war   are    fully   occupied." 

PREPARING  FOR  THE  FUTURE. 
"This  is  one  of  the  ways  by  which  we  are  trying  to  make 
Canada  economically  independent  of  Germany."  was  the  cogent 
remark  of  Sir  Wm.  Peter.son,  principal  of  McGill  University,  at 
the  formal  o|)ening  of  the  Forest  Products  Laboratories  of 
Canada.  Many  prominent  persons  were  guests  at  the  opening 
ceremonies,  which  were  performed  by  the  Hon.  Dr.  Roche  Min- 
ister of  the  interior.  The  laboratory  consists  of  a  paper  mill, 
a  complete  paper-making  plant,  starting  with  the  logs,  and 
ending  with  all  kin<is  of  paper — news,  glazed,  wrapping,  etc. — 
a  system  of  machines  for  testing  various  woods,  so  as  to  show 
their  strain-resisting  capacity  in  various  wavs.  Hon.  Dr.  Roche 
stated  after  the  opening  ceremonies  that  the  purpose  of  the 
laboratories  were  especially  to  study  and  gather  information  as 
to  the  ways  in  which  the  products  of  the  forests  of  Canada  may 
be  utilized,  and  also  to  utilize  waste  products. 

POSSIBILITIES    FOR    FRANCE'S    BUSINESS. 

A  French  deputation  of  in-ominent  men  here  have  undertaken 
an  investigation  of  jiurehases  for  the  French  Government  in 
the  Dominion.  The  commission  will  conduct  its  enquiries  at 
three  cities — Toronto,  Ottawa  and  Montreal.  It  will  go  into  the 
(luestion  of  the  cost  of  various  materials  required  by  the  Gov- 
ernment covering  a  wide  range  of  articles,  and  taking  Into  con- 
sideration cost  of  ti-ansportation,  etc.,  added  thereto.  It  is 
jirobable  that  the  visit  of  the  commission  will  result  in  further 
French  orders  being  placed  in  the  Dominion.  The  question  of 
financing  such  orders  in  Canada  will  be  considered  also.  The 
members  of  the  commission  are:  M.  D.  Amour,  member  of 
lOc  j-r^nch  Chamber  of  Deputies:  M.  I.,esure,  delegate  of  the 
Ministry  of  Agriculture:  M.  Choiffeur,  of  the  Banque  Credlt- 
Foncier:  M.  Vivien,  director  of  the  National  Banque  De  Credit, 
and   M.    Thiriez,    secretary   of   the   Syndicate   of   Spinners. 

INDUSTRIAL    MINING    BOOM, 

„,,- '"^'^S';?  '^  ^  boom  on  in  the  Porcupine  region,"  said  Mr. 
Thos.  Gibson,  Deputy  Minister  of  Mines,  in  an  interview  the 
other  day;  "but  it  is  an  industrial,  not  a  speculative  boom. 
"There  are  more  men  profitably  employed  there  now  than  in  the 
days  of  the  excitement.  The  Porcupine  mines  were  getting 
into  shape  to  produce  on  a  bigger  scale  before  this  war  started. 
They  went  ahead  with  their  preparations,  and  the  war  has 
increased  the  demand  for  gold.  Shijiments.  instead  of  decreas- 
ing since  the  war,  have  increased.  The  price  of  silver  has  ad- 
vanced sharply  in  the  last  few  weeks  also,  and  the  Cobalt 
mines  are  turning  out  more  silver  now  in  consequence  and 
catching  up  on  their  production  of  a  year  ago.' 

"The  war  time  demand  upon  Ontario's  nickel  has  had  a 
marked  effect  on  conditions  in  Sudburv.  while  the  demand  of 
munitions  upon  copper  production  has  had  a  similar  effect." 

EXPORTS    INCREASE    HUNDRED    PER    CENT. 

What  is  in  many  respects  the  most  satisfactory  statement 
of  Canadian  trade  ever  Issued  is  that  just  made  public  by  the 
Minister  of  Customs.  Hon.  J.  S.  Held.  The  statement  shows 
an  increase  of  nearly  100  per  cent,  in  domestic  exports  for 
November.  1914.  The  total  under  this  head  was  $92,000  000-  the 
imports  for  the  month  amounting  in  value  to  a  little  under' half 
this  sum.  or  $45,000,000. 

The  exports  of  $92,000,000  are  made  up  principally  of  agri- 
cultural products,  $54,000,000:  manufactured  goods,  $13  000  000- 
animals  and  meats,  $12,000,000:  minerals.  $6,500,000-  lumber  etc' 
$4,500,000.  and  fisheries,  $2,000,000.  All  ithese  show  a  very'  sub- 
stantial increase  over  the  con-esponding  month  for  1914  agri- 
cultural products  jumping  from  $18,000,000  to  $54,000,000-  'manu- 
factured goods  from  $6,000,000  to  $13,000,000.  and  animals  etc 
from  $8,000,000  to  $12,000,000.  The  export  of  minerals  is  als'o 
exactly  double  that  of  November,   1914. 

BANK   CLEARINGS. 
Bank  clearings  in  Toronto   for   the  week   ending  January  ftth 
made    a    most    remarkable    showing,    the    total   being   $53,554,882 
The   previous   high   point   on    record    was   $51,304,250    in   the  first 
week  of   1914. 

ISllS-  1915.  1914. 

Toronto    $53,554,882  $37,167,667     $ 

Montreal    63,886.321  41.690.530  56,512,398 

Hamilton     4,277,558  2,829.213  3,909  046 

C^ttawa     5.120.968  3,980,655  3,980,655 

CUSTOMS  REVENUE  DOUBLES. 
For  the  month  just  closed  customs  receipts  totalled  $9  432  654 
an  increase  of  $4,513,856,  or  nearlv  100  per  cent  over  Decernber 
of  last  year.  For  the  nine  months  of  the  fiscal  vear  the  customs 
revenue  has  totalle<i  $71,721,303.  an  increase  of  $12  891  684  or 
about  23  iier  cent.,  as  compared  with  the  corresponding  nine 
nionths  of  last  year.  For  the  full  fiscal  year  the  customs  revenue 
should  at  the  present  rate  show  an  increase  of  more  than  twenty 
millions  as  compared  with   the  preceding  fiscal  year 


28 


Construction  News 

The  following  information  is  obtained  from  our  correspondents,  from  architects,  engineers  and 
local  newspapers.  These  items  are  published  in  our  Daily  Report  Service,  and  are  herein 
compiled  for  the  use  of  subscribers  to  the  monthly  issue  of  "Construction".  Should  any  of 
our  readers  desire  this    information  daily  we  will   be    pleased  to  submit  prices  upon  request. 


BUSINESS    BUILDINGS. 

HAL,IF.\X.  N.S. — The  building  of  the  Soules  Typewriter  Co., 
Granville  street,   was  destroyed  by  Hre;   loas  $20,000. 

QUEBEC  CITY— I^a  Banque  d'Hochelaga  is  erecting  a  $3,000 
addition. 

OTTAWA— Wm.  Joynt  will  rebuild  his  building  recently  de- 
stroyed by  Are  on  Wellington  and  Sherbourne  streets. 

SAULT  STE.  MARIE — Fire  damaged  the  business  block  of 
S.    W.    Fawcett;   loss  $10,000. 

TORONTO — T'hoin|>son-Htarrett,  general  contractors  for  the 
Imperial  Oil  building,  have  awarded  W.  J.  McGuire,  Toronto, 
the  plumbing  and  heating;  hardware  to  American  Hardware 
Corporation,  New  York;  electric  work  to  Comstock  Co.,  New 
York.  

CIVIL    ENGINEERING. 

BELLEVILLE,  ONT.— The  County  of  Hastings,  .\..  M.  Chap- 
man,  clerk,   Belleville,    have   plans   for   two    bridges-,   cost  $20,000 

BROCKVILLE — Plana  are  being  prepared  for  sewers  to  cost 
$12,000,  sidewalks  to  cost  $3,500,  and  pavements  $1S,500. 

CALGAKY — Western  Canadian  Natural  Gas  Co.  have  com- 
pleted  plans  for  $10,000,000  gas   system. 

COCHRANE — The  town  will  spend  $5,000  on  extension  of 
water  mains. 

CORNWALL — The  town  will  extend  water  mains  and  erect 
an  addition  to  the  pump  house;   cost  $25,000. 

EDMONTON,  ALT.\. — By-law  passed  to  inatal  a  sewage  dis- 
posal plant;  engineer,  A.  J.  Latornell;  cost  $275,000. 

FORT  FRANCIS,  ONT.— Clerk,  J.  W.  Walker.  The  city  will 
spend  $6,000  on  waterworks  extensions  and  $3,000  for  sewers. 

FREI>ERICTON,  N.B.— Department  of  Public  Works,  Fred- 
ericton,  are  calling  tenders  for  a  steel  bridge,  two  spans,  160 
feet  each;  asphalt  and  reinforced  concrete  used. 

FRONTENAC.  P.Q.— The  Quebec  Streams  Commission, 
Parliament  Buildings,  Quebec  Oiity,  are  calling  tenders  for  a 
bridge. 

GREENWOOD,  B.C.— The  B.  C.  Copper  Co.  contemplate  in- 
stalling nine  miles  of  narrow  gauge  railroad  or  overhead  con- 
veyor and  power  plant. 

GUELPH — The  city  will  lay  sewers  on  Gait  and  Fergus 
streets;  T.  J.  Moore,  city  clerk. 

HAMILTON — A  new  steel  bridge  will  be  erected  on  King 
street  by  the  city. 

MERRICKVILLE— Street  lighting  will  be  installed. 

MIDLAND — A  by-law  to  extend  the  waterworks  system  to 
cost  $13,000  has  been  passed. 

MONTREAL — The  new  aqueduct  for  which  plans  are  being 
prepared  will  cosit  $680,000. 

NEW  WESTMINSTER,  B.C.— Canadian  Northern  Railway, 
A.  Angstrom,  architect,  have  plans  for  a  new  dock. 

NIAGARA  FALLS— The  Ontario  Niagara  Connecting  Bridge 
Co.   will  erect  a  new  steel  bridge  above  Niagara  Falls. 

PORT  MOODY,  B.C.— Town  of  Port  Moody.  W.  A.  Duncan 
clerk,    will    spend    $80,000   on    waterworks   installation. 

SARNIA — The  city  will  extend  water  mains;  engineer,  John 
A.   Beard;   cost  $120,000. 

STRATHROY — The  town  will  extend  water  mains  and  elec- 
tric   lighting  system. 

ST.  CATHARINES— A  steel  bridge  will  be  erected  on  On- 
tario street,  and  waterworks  extensions  will  be  made. 

TILLSONBURG— The  town  will  erect  a  steel  bridge  to  cost 
$5,000  over  Ottawa  Creek. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— The  city  contemplates  a  five-mile 
waterworks  intake   being  installed. 

VICTORIA,  B.C.— Engineer  O.  D.  Lewis,  of  the  C.N.P.  Rail- 
road,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  bridge  over   Selkirk  water. 

WALKERVILLE — Owen  McKay,  town  engineer,  is  prepar- 
ing plans  tor  new  pavements  to  be  laid  in  the  spring;  cost 
$21,000. 

W.ARDSVILLE,  ONT.— (Engineer  Talbot,  of  London,  is  pre- 
paring plans  for  two  bridges  for  the  county;   cost  $25,000. 

WINDSOR — Engineer  M.  E.  Brian  is  calling  tenders  for  a 
oircular    brick   sewer   on    Parent   avenue. 

WINNIPEG — ITie  city  will  erect  a  bridge  at  Point  du  Bois 
to  cost  $130,000;   Alderman  Flower,   chairman. 

WOODSTOCK — The  ratepayers  passed  a  bv-law  to  lay  storm 
sewers;    cost    $25,000.  

CLUBS,    HOSPITALS,    THEATRES    AND    HOTELS. 

BR.ANTFORD — Schultz  Bros,  are  erecting  an  addition  to  the 
General   Hospital. 

BRIDGEWATER,  N.S.— FaJrview  Hotel  Co.  had  hotel  de- 
stroyed by  fire;   loss  $16,000;   insurance   $4,000. 

COBOURG— The  Waverley  Curling  Club  will  erect  a  new 
rink,    146x70    feet. 

HALIFAX,  N.S. — Rhodes-Curry  Co.  are  contractors  on  the 
Casino  Theatre  being  erected. 

PETERBORO'— J.  Revoy  has  been  awarded  the  contract  to 
erect  two  frame  cottages  for  the  Isolation  Hospital. 

QUEBEC.  P.Q. — Chateau  Frontenac  Hotel  Co.  have  plans 
for  an  addition  and  alterations,   cost  $52,000. 

ST.  CATHARINE.S— St.  Catharines  Lawn  Bowling  Club  con- 
template erecting  a  club  house  at  Glen  Ridge. 

SYDNEY,  N.S. — The  King  George  Hotel  was  recently  de- 
stroyed by  Are;  loss  $70,000. 

WINNIPEG — Royal  Templars  of  Temperance  will  erect  a 
lodge  building  on  Yonge  street.  ' 

29 


ELECTRICAL   CONSTRUCTION. 

BRANTFORD— T.  H.  .Jones,  city  engineer,  will  furnish  in- 
formation on  the  new  electric  railway  from  Brantford  to  Gall. 

COBDEN — TTie  village  passed  a  by-law  to  equip  an  electrical 
plant;  cost  $20,000. 

COMBER — The  township  of  Rochester,  M.  N.  Mousseau, 
clerk,   contemplate  installing  a  telephone  system. 

LONDON — The  London  and  Port  Stanley  Railway  will  make 
extensions    and    improvements. 

MUSKOKA  RIVER,  ONT.— Hydro-Electric  Commissioners 
awarded  contracts  in  connection  with  new  power  plant;  Head- 
gate,  penstock,  turbine  and  valves  to  Wm.  Hamilton,  Peter- 
boro';   generator  and   ti'ansformer,   Canadian   General   Electric. 

ST.  THOMAS— The  Commissioner  of  Works,  City  Hall,  is 
calling  tenders  for  a  hydro-electric  station;  tenders  close  Janu- 
ary 15th. 

WEST  LORNE— The  town  will  instal  a  hydro-electric  plant 
to  cost  $8,000.  

IMISCELLANEOUS. 

OTTAWA — Tenders  open  for  cast  iron  pipe;  R.  L.  Hancock, 
engineer. 

TORONTO — J.  C.  Eaton  is  installing  a  swimming  pool  at 
480    Davenport   road;    cost   $5,000. 

PLANTS,     FACTORIES     AND     WAREHOUSES. 

BUCKHORN,  ONT.— The  mill  of  W.  N.  Blewett  was  destroy- 
ed; loss  $4,000. 

CH.ATHAM — The  ratepayers  have  granted  concessions  to  the 
Dominion  Sugar  Co.,  of  Wallaceburg,  and  work  has  started  on 
the  new  $600,000  plant.  F.  W.  Marks  Construction  Co.,  of 
Cleveland,  are  engineers  and  contractors. 

COBOURG— Cobourg  City  Dairy  will  erect  two  additions  tr. 
their  plant,  20x30  and  26x18  feet. 

COBOURG — Cobourg  Steey  Co.,  Limited,  George  Thompson, 
president,  will  erect  a  factory  for  the  manufacture  of  munitions 
to  cost   $16,000. 

COLLINGWOOD— Imperial  Oil  Company  will  erect  three 
large  steel  storage  tanks. 

HAMILTON— H.  G.  Christman  &  Co.  have  been  awarded  the 
contract  for  the  erection  of  a  factory  addition  to  the  Burlington 
Steel  Co.,  cost  $5,000;  and  factory  addition  to  the  Canadian 
Cartridge  Co.,   cost  $40,000. 

KINCARDINE — People's  Salt  and  Sugar  Co.  have  been  loan- 
ed $15,000  by  the  town  to  erect  a  new  plant. 

LISTOWEL — A  by-law  has  been  passed  to  aid  Listowel  Shoe 
Co.  to  erect  a  factory,  cost  $15,000. 

MAISONNEUVE,  P.Q.— The  city  will  erect  a  new  incinerator 
in   the  spring. 

MONTREAL— Williams  Manufacturing  Co.,  1189  St.  James 
street,  will  erect  a  one-storey  factory  on  Rose  de  Lima  street; 
cost  $26,000. 

MONTREAL — Work  has  started  on  a  $5,000  addition  to  the 
Canadian  Vickers  Co.  plant,  brick  construction. 

OWEN  SOUND — Owen  Sound  Shoe  Co.  will  remodel  the 
Pacific  Hotel  and  make  additions  for  a  factory.  Mr.  Wilson, 
G.M. 

PETERBORO'- The  Metal  Products  Co.,  J.  C.  Ellis  interest- 
ed,  will  erect  a  brick  factory,   30x50  feet,   to  cost  $35,000. 

PETERBORO —The  Quaker  Oats  Co.  contemplate  erecting  a 
large  addition  to  their  factory  in  the  sprms;. 

PETROLIA — Western  Sugar  Refinery  Co.  have  been  granted 
$46,000  by  the  city  to  assist  in  erecting  a  new  plant  to  cost 
$600,000. 

SCOTS  GUARDS,  SASK.— The  elevator  of  Pioneer  Elevator 
Co.  was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $60,000. 

PORT  MOODY,  B.C.— Mr.  Jones,  architect  for  the  Port  Moody 
Steel  Co.,  will  erect  the  new  addition  by  day  labor. 

PRINCTON— The  flour  mill  of  Maycock  &  Harris  was 
destroyed  by  fire;   loss  $10,000. 

QUEBEC  CITY— Rocks  Hoe  Manufacturing  Co.  had  a  $75,000 
factory  fire  loss;  insurance  $32,000. 

REGINA,  SASK.— H.  G.  Smith  Co.,  Limited,  contemplate 
erecting  a   warehouse,    four   storeys,    120x40. 

RIDEAU,  ONT.— The  C.N.R.  will  erect  car  shops  and  round- 
houses on  a  new  townsite  six  miles  west  of  Ottawa. 

RIDGETOWN— D.  &  N.  McNorgan  will  instal  new  flour  mill- 
ing machinery  in  the  present  building  at  the  corner  of  York 
and    Water  streets. 

SANDWICH— The  Caldwell  Sand  and  Gravel  Compan>-, 
I/imited,  have  been  granted  certain  concessions  by  the  town  in 
return  they  will  erect  a  plant  to  cost  $50,000. 

SASKATOON,  SASK.— H.  G.  Smith  Co.,  Limited,  of  Regina, 
will  erect  a  brick  warehouse. 

SASKATOON,  SASK.— The  warehouse  of  the  Northern  Stor- 
f  age  Co.  was  totally  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $60,000. 

ST.  CATHARINES— The  Maple  Leaf  Milling  Co.,  H.  Shaw 
manager,   contemplate  erecting  a   new   mill. 

ST.  THOMAS— 'The  Wabash  Railroad  will  erect  an  addition 
to   their  repair  shop. 

SUDBURY,  ONT.— Sudbury  Flour  Mills  Co.  will  erect  a  mill 
addition. 

TORONTO— The  Marathon  Tire  Co.,  St.  Catharines,  contem- 
plate an  addition  to  factory. 

TORONTO— White  &  Thomas  are  erecting  a  two-storey  addi- 
tion to  their  factory  to  cost  $4,000. 

WHITBY- Chas.  Phillips  is  head  of  a  syndicate  which  will 
erect  a  silk  factory   to  cost  $50,000. 


30 


CONSTRUCTION 


TOKONTC) — The  l.aiira  Secoril  Caiiciy  Co.,  64  Princess  street, 
will  erect  nil  aildltlon  to  their  factory. 

WINNll'KiJ,  MAN. — T.  Eaton  Co.  will  erect  a  five-storey 
factory    adjolnlnt;    their    i)rcscnt    huiliHng. 

TOUDNTO — The  H.  I'..  Kitrhic  nnilillnn,  Clifford  street,  which 
was  (lestroycil   by    lire,    will    llkclv-    he   rilmllt. 

TOUONTl) — The  Gold  Midal  Kurnlture  Co.  will  erect  a  new 
factory    In    place   of   the   one   destroyed   by   flre. 

ToltoN'l  o~  Tnlversal  Tool  Steel  Co.  are  erecting  a  brick 
factory   addition   on    KiirTerin   street;   cost   $10,000. 

ToltoNTo-The  Toronto  t^arpet  Co.  are  erecting  a  new 
liolUr  room  ImildinK  on  Liberty  street:  cost  $2,!)00. 

TOKDNTi) — Wni.  Davles  Co.,  521  Front  street  east,  are 
erecting  a   $15,000   Icehouse  at   St.    Uawrence  Market. 

TOUO.NTO — Ij.  K.  Dowling,  167  Yonge  street.  Is  contractor  for 
the  warehouse  being  built  on  Klchniond  street  for  W.  H.  Harris; 
I'OSt    $20,000. 

TOKONTO — Martin  Corrugated  Taper  Box  Co.,  I'ape  avenue, 
win  erect  a  larger  factory  In  place  of  that  destroyed  by  fire; 
cost  $200,000. 

ToltONTO — Goodyear  Tire  and  Rubber  Co.  contemplate 
erecting  a  quarter  million  dollar  plant  on  Birmingham  street. 
New  Toronto. 

TOKONTO — Kobert  Simpson  Co.,  Limited,  will  erect  a  ware- 
house to  cost  $200,000,  on  Dalhousie  street,  elg'ht  storeys,  re- 
inforced   concrete. 

Tl>HONTO — Lepage  &  Beaumont  are  contractors  for  fac- 
tory addition  on  Dundas  street  for  Hunt  &  Woodburn,  archi- 
tects.   Confederation    Life    Building. 

TORONTO — Dominion  Explosives  Corporation,  Vaudreull, 
I".Q.,  and  Col.  Dlmlck,  of  Boston,  Mass.,  are  Interested  in  a  new 
explosive  factory,   to  be  erected   near  Toronto. 

TOltONTO — In  connection  with  the  new  Canada  Metal  fac- 
tory on  Eraser  avenue,  Mr.  E.  S.  Mallory,  architect,  has  award- 
ed the  masonry  and  grilled  foundations  to  the  Toms  Contract- 
ing Co. 

TOKt)NTt)— E.  S.  Mallory,  architect,  has  awarded  the  fol- 
lowing contracts  In  connection  with  the  Canada  Metal  Co. 
building:  Carpentering,  J.  1).  Young  &  Son;  steel,  Hepburn  & 
1  Usher;  metal  sash.  Steel  and  Radiation. 


PUBLIC    BUILDINGS   AND    STATIONS. 

BRANTEOltn— The  Hrantford  and  Hamilton  Railway  will 
erect  a  new  de|>ot   to  cost  $30,000. 

BRANTEORD— H.  N.  Taylor,  architect,  has  completed  plans 
for  a  new  registry  oHlce  for  Brant  County. 

BRANTEORI) — lAike  Erie  and  Northern  Railroad  have  plans 
completed  for  a  new  station  at  Lome  Bridge,  cost  $40,001-. 

EKEDEKUTON.  N. B.— Department  of  Public  Works  Is  call- 
ing tenders  for  interior  fittings   to  Customs  House. 

GRAND  MERE,  I'.Q.— The  town  will  erect  a  hydro  electric 
plant. 

KINGSTON— The  city  will  erect  a  $7,000  addition  to  Fort 
<!arry,   to  be  used  as  a  soldiers'    bai'i^cks. 

LONDON — -London  and  Port  Stanley  Electric  Railroad  will 
erect  a  new  station  and  make  general  imiirovements  to  cost 
$101,000. 

LONDON — London  Utilities  Commission  will  erect  a  $100,000 
otlice  building  on  their  present  site,  three  storeys,  work  to  start 
in  spring. 

MO.^ITRE.^L— The  city  will  erect  three  comfort  stations: 
aichitect,    A.    Chause,    City   Hall. 

Montreal — Department  of  Militia  and  Defence  have  intimated 
that  they  wiill  erect  a  radio-telegraph  station  on  Cote  St.  Michel. 

OTT.WVA — The  old  market  will  be  demolished  and  a  new 
brick   bundling  erected. 

OTT.-VW'A — The  city  contemplate  erecting  an  addition  to  the 
City  Hall  and  the  erection  of  two  fire  stations;  F.  C.  Askwith, 
engineer. 

RED  DEER,  ALTA.— D.  E.  Mci:)onald,  architect.  Edmonton, 
is  preparing  plans  for  interior  alterations  to  Court  House  on 
First  avenue. 

SAULT  STE.  MARIE— Mr.  Rosa  Frederick,  architect,  has 
plans  for  an  addition  to  the  City  Hall. 

SH.WVV'ILLE— Depantirjenl  of  Public  Works  are  calling 
tenders  for  post  otlice  interior  fittings. 

TARA,  ONT. — A  by. law  has  been  passed  to  erect  a  new 
town  h.ill.  brick  construction. 

TORONTO— The  city  will  build  an  addition  to  Montgomerv 
avenue  Hrehall  and  a  cattle  shed  at  the  civic  abattoir. 

TORONTO — The  I'roperty  Department  is  calling  tenders  for 
an  extension  to  the  cold  storage  jilant  at  the  aivic  abattoir. 

V.ANCOUVER.  B.C.— The  Hudson  Bay  Co.  have  awarded 
the  contract  for  a  new  addition  to  their  store  on  Georgia  street 
tn  Construction  and  Engineering  Co.,  Limited,  40x120  feet;  cost 
$20,000. 

VICTORIA,    B.C.— The    city 
soldiers'   sleeping  iiuarters. 


will    erect    a    $6,000    building   for 


RESIDENCES,    STORES    AND    FLATS. 
BRACEBRIDGE— Messrs.      Hunt     &     Woodburn,     architects. 
(  onfederation    Life    Building,    Toronto,    are    preparing    plans    for 
a  large  residence. 

BRANDON,   MAN.— The  store  of  E.  Crawford  was  destroyed 
by  lire;  loss  $30,000,  insurance  $20,000. 

LISTOWEl., — Mrs.     Ezra    liiehm    will    erect    a    residence    on 
.\rgyle  street. 

MONTREAI — J.  A.   Bray,  6375  Berri  street,  has  plans  for  two 
residences:   cost  $7,000. 

Mt)NTREAI-— f:.  Gagnon  is  erecting  two  residences  on  Dan- 
durand  street:   cost   $6,000. 

-MONTREAI^— A  Vila  Desnoyers,  453  Beaubien  street,  is  erect- 
ing a  residence  on  Boyer  street. 

MONTREAI^M.    Mallette,    1063   Mount    Roval,    is   erecting   a 
residence  on  Abraham  .street  west:  cost  $3,000. 

MONTRE.\l.— Owen  Roberts.  112  Addington  avenue,  is  erect- 
ing four  residences  on  Wilson  avenue:  cost  $8,000. 
,     .ftV^BEC,    P.Q.— A.    Desmeules.    IRS    Des   Stigmates   street,    is 
building  a    Hat    to  cost   $10,000.  -"tei. 


QUEBEC,  P.Q,— T.  D.  Dubuc  suffered  a  $45,000  fire  loss  to 
store  on   St.   John   street;   Insurance   $32,000. 

QUEBBt^  P.Q.— U.  E.  Myrant,  144V4  Latourelle  street,  is 
erecting  a  residence  on  St.   Foye  road;  cost  $4,000. 

fciUBBRC,  P.Q. — Messrs.  Boisvert  &  St.  Laurent,  Claire  Fon- 
taine street,  are  erecting  an  apartment:  cost  $22,000. 

TORONTO— Kerr  &  Martin  are  erecting  a  $3,500  residence 
on    Woodslde   avenue. 

TORONTO— T.  H.  Hutson,  34  Victoria  street.  Is  erecting  a 
$3,000  residence  on  Spadlna  road. 

TOKONTO— J.  A.  Thatcher,  37  Cowan  avenue.  Is  preparing 
plans  for  a  store  and  bakery;  cost  $8,000. 

TORONTO— J.  A.  Thatcher  is  preparing  plans  for  two  resi- 
dences on  Humber  Bay  avenue;  cost  $9,000. 

TORONTO— Wm.  Lister,  143Sa  Dufferin  street,  is  erecting 
two   two-storey   stores   on    Dufferin   street. 

TORONTO— J.  W.  Clare,  68  Ascot  avenue,  is  erecting  two 
residences   on    Dufferin    street   to   cost   $5,000. 

TORONTO— .Hayward  &  Whltehorn,  6  Hallam  avenue,  Is 
erecting  a   $4,000  residence  on   Hallam   avenue. 

TOKONTO— A  20x44  cement  block  store  and  residence  Is  being 
erected  by  J.  P.  Lever,  20  Atlas  avenue;  cost  $3,500. 

TORONTO— Wm.  Hughes,  59  Amroth  avenue,  is  building  two 
pair  of   rtsidences   on    Amroth   avenue   to   cost   $9,000. 

TORONTO — Two  residences  are  being  erected  bv  B.  W  Mil- 
ler,  Dufferin  str(  et,   to  cost  $6,000,   on   Lauder  avenue. 

TORONTO— The  International  Land  Corporation  have  plans 
for  four  pairs  of  residences  to  cost  $15,000  on  Poplar  avenue. 

TOKONTO— H.  B.  Jackson  Bracken  will  purchase  all  ma- 
terials for  a  modern  residence  he  is  building  on  Bracken  avenue. 

TORONTO— C.  H.  Barnett.  66  Gloucester  street,  is  erecting 
one  pair  residences  on  Park  avenue;  C.  F.  Wagner,  architect- 
cost  $5,000. 

TORONTO— H.  S.  Kaplan,  75  Macdonald  avenue,  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  store  addition  for  L.  Yolles,  363  Queen  street 
east;   cost  $10,000. 

TORONTO— W.  C.  Charters  Co.,  828  Kingston  road,  will 
erect  lifty  residences  and  twenty-eight  stores  on  the  corner  of 
Kingston  road  and  Malvern  avenue;  H.  C.  Sewell,  O.L.S.,  has 
been  awarded  the  surveying  contract,  and  P.  H.  Finnev  is  the 
architect. 

TORONTO— Wm.  Rennie  Seed  Co.  are  erecting  a  brick  ad- 
dition to  their  store,  153  King  street  east  H.  A.  Johnston,  63 
Normandy  boulevard,  residence,  Normandy  boulevard,  cost 
$3,500;  A.  Edmonds,  105  Oakwood  avenue,  residence,  37  Thorne 
avtnue,  cost  $4,000:  E.  J.  Rogers,  196  John  street,  residence, 
Glendale  avenue,  cosf  $3,000:  W.  A.  Scott,  123  Mutual  street, 
residence.  Beach  avenue,  cost  $3,500. 

TORONTO — Residences  being  erected,  cost  $3,500:  S.  Lln- 
ley,  207  Rhodes  avenue,  one  pair,  Rhodes  avenue:  Lankin  Bros., 
14  Furness  avenue,  one  pair.  Fifth  avenue;  H.  G.  Mistele,  Dan- 
forth  and  Dawes  road,  residence,  Normandy  boulevard:  T.  W. 
Robinson,  16  Evelyn  crescent,  two  residences,  Glendale  and 
Woodslde  avenues:  Mr.  Richarus,  Westmount  avenue,  residence, 
Glenholme  avenue:  Robertson  &  Wells,  43  Berwick  avenue, 
residence.  Garden  avenue;  Wm.  Richardson,  28  Arlington 
avenue,  residence,  48  Ellesworth  avenue;  Salvation  Armv,  Albert 
street,  residence,  Sherbourne  street;  C.  Spiller,  364"  Lauder 
avenue,  one  pair  residences.  Lauder  avenue,  cost  $5,000;  W.  H. 
Scott.  125  Mutual  street,  residence.  Beach  avenue,  $4,500;  J. 
Wheatley,  99  Queen  street  east,  residence,  Woodycrest;  Venn  & 
Evans,  776  Concord  avenue,  residence,  Palmerston  street;  A. 
M.  Crawford  is  erecting  a  residence  on  Munro  Park  avenue. 

VANCOUVER— The  store  of  Wilson  &  Richmond,  34  Hast- 
ings street,  was  gutted  by  fire;   loss  $20,000. 

WINDSOR— Winter  &  Little,  Pitt  street  west,  are  erecting 
seven  frame  residences. 

WINDSOR — Messrs.  Walker  &  McPhall,  architects,  are  pre- 
paring plans  for  a  large  modern  residence  for  S.  E.  Rigg. 

SCHOOLS,  COLLEGES  AND  CHURCHES. 

ATHABASCA,  ALTA.— The  School  Board,  G.  Watt,  secretary, 
are  calling   tenders  for   frame   school. 

BEAMSVILIjE; — The  by-law  to  erect  a  new  High  School  on 
Fleming  street  was  passed:   cost  $20,000. 

BIRCHCLTFFE,  ONT.— Mr.  Wm.  Eraser,  architect,  34  Vic- 
toria street,  Toronto,  has  awarded  the  general  contract  on  a 
new  school  to  W.  P.  McGiffln,  Limited,  Toronto. 

CALGARY — Mr.  McNeill,  Chairman  Board  of  Education, 
will  have  Haultain  and  Central  Schools  fireproofed. 

CARAQUET,  N.B.— The  College  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  Rev. 
Father  J.   Merry,  was  destroyed  by  Are;   loss  $250,000. 

CHATHAM — T'he  Board  of  Education  will  erect  a  new  school 
on  Inches  avenue:  F.  D.  Laurie,  chairman. 

ESTEVAN,  SASK.— St.  Matthew's  Church  has  plans  to  erect 
a    $5,000    church;    architect.    Turner. 

FREDERICTON,  N.B.— Mr.  G.  E.  Fairweather,  St.  John, 
N.B.,  is  preparing  plans  for  an  addition  to  Charlotte  street 
school,  three  rooms  and  auditorium;  cost  $20,000. 

GALT — The  Board  of  Education  will  erect  a  new  $50,000 
school. 

HAMILTON — ^The  Beach  Commissioners  have  plans  for  a 
new  school. 

HA.MII^TON — Provincial  Inspector  Houston  has  ordered  a 
new   High    School,    or   an   addition    to   be   made. 

KINGSTON — Queen's  University  will  have  a  new  library 
erected,  to  cost  $150,000.     Plans  have  been  prepared. 

LAMBTON  MILLS— The  School  Board,  secretary,  T.  Elliott, 
are  calling  tenders  for  a  new  school:  plans  and  specifications 
from  Ellis  &  Ellis,  Manning  Chambers,  Toronto,  and  Molsons 
Bank,    Lambton    Mills. 

LOW  POINT,  N.S— The  church  of  Rev.  Father  McAuloy 
was  destroyed  by  tire:  loss  $20,000.  Insurance  $9,000. 

MONTREAL— The  directors  of  the  Montreal  Protestant 
Home,  Dorchester  street,  will  erect  a  new  training  school  on  the 
corner  of  St.   Catherines  and   Dorchester  streets;   cost  $20,000. 

MOUNT  DENNIS— The  Board  of  Education,  D.  Robertson, 
secretary,  will  erect  a  new  school  to  cost  $30,000;  architect  to 
be  appointed. 

PBTERBORO'— The  George  Street  Church  will  erect  a  new 
.Sunday  school. 


CONSTRUCTION 


31 


PORTAGE  LA  PRAIRIE,  MAN.— Public  school  destroyed  by 
fire:    loss   $30,000. 

PORTAGE  LA  PRAIRIE,  MAN. — The  School  Board,  Dr. 
Macklnnon,  chairman,  has  appointed  Architect  Frank  Evans  to 
prepare  plans  for  a  new  school  to  replace  that  destroyed  by 
Are  recently;  cost  $50,000. 

PORT  COLBORNE— St.  James'  Church  congregation.  Rev. 
D  Russell  Smith,  will  erect  a  new  modern  brick  church  to  coat 
$15,000. 

RENFREW — The  School  Board,  Ur.  Murphy,  chairman,  have 
plans  for  a  new  Hlsh  school  to  be  erected  immediately. 

SAANICH,  B.C. — A  new  school  will  be  erected;  J.  R.  Car- 
mlchael.    secretary. 

SARNIA— CTTie  School  Board,  P.  Gilbert,  secretary,  is  calling 
for  competitive  designs  for  a  new  school. 

SCARBORO' — Mr.  Wm.  Fraser,  architect,  has  awarded  W. 
G.  Oayton  the  general  contract  on  the  new  Scarboro'  school, 
S.S.    12. 

S1MCOI5 — The  town  will  erect  two  schools  of  brick  construc- 
tion to  cost  $50,000. 

SHUNIAH — Bv-law  passed  to  erect  a  frame  school;  cost 
$2,000;  clerk,  H.  A.  McKibben,  Port  Arthur. 

TORONTO — Morley  Avenue  Methodist  Church,  Rev.  R. 
Hobbs,  pastor,  will   erect  a  new  church. 

Tl^RONTO — Calvary  Church.  Silverthorne.  contemplate  erect- 
ing a  new  church;  Rev.  A.  J.  Reid,  946  8t.  Clarens  avenue, 
rector. 

TORONTO — Messrs.  Sproatt  &  Rolph,  architects,  34  North 
street,  are  preparing  plans  for  Upper  Canada  College  (five 
buildings). 

TORONTO — Mr.  C.  H.  Reed,  architect.  Confederation  Ijife 
lUiildiiig,  is  calling  tenders  for  one  new  school  and  three  school 
additions  for  the  Separate  School  Board. 

TRENTON — The  town  will  erect  a  new  High  school  ui)on  the 
recommendation  of  the  Provincial  Inspector. 

VANCOUVER — The  city  has  purchased  a  site  to  erect  a 
school    in    South   Hastings. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.~St.  Andrew's  Church,  a  new  frame 
church   on   Oak  street,    was  destroyed   by   Hre;    loss  $16,000. 

WESTBORO' — Messrs.  TWchards  &  Abram,  Booth  Building, 
Ottawa,  are  preparing  plans  for  a  new  school  to  cost  $25,000. 

WINDSOR — Architect  J.  C.  Pennington.  35  Labelle  Building, 
is  calling  tenders  for  a  High  School  addition;  tenders  close  Janu- 
ary 31st. 

WOLFE  ISLAND— The  Church  of  the  Sacred  Heart  will 
erect  a  new  church;  Power  &  Sons,  Merchants'  Bank  Chambers, 
are  architects. 


FIRE  PROTECTION. 
Upon  the  recommendation  of  City  Architect  Pearse,  of  To- 
ronto, the  council  has  passed  a  by-law  compelling  all  lodge  and 
other  buil'ings  where  social  entertainments  are  conducted  to 
provide  fire  appliances  as  are  used  in  buildings  used  exclusively 
for  this  purpose.  

SECURES    HUGE    ORDER 

The  Canadian  Car  and  Foundry-  Company  closed  an  order 
for  nearly  two  thousand  freight  cars,  valued  at  about  $2,000,000, 
for  the  i*  rench  Government.  Work  on  the  order  is  to  be  started 
at  once.  The  order  ranks  as  one  of  the  largest  equipment  con- 
tracts yet  entered   into  by  a  Canadian  firm   for  export. 

CLAY    WORKERS'    CONVENTION. 

The  fourteenth  annual  convtntion  of  the  National  Clay 
Workers'  Association  will  be  held  in  Toronto  from  January  ISth 
to  20th.  It  is  expected  that  three  hundred  delegates  from  Can- 
ada and  the  United  States  will  be  in  session.  The  Board  of 
Control  has  made  a  grant  of  three  hundred  dollars  to  help  en- 
tertain the  visiting  delegates.  Mr.  G.  C.  Keith.  32  Colborne 
street,    is  secretary.  

LARGE  FACTORY  TO  BE  REBUILT. 

The  factory  of  the  Martin  Corrugated  Paper  Box  Co..  on 
Pape  avenue.  Toronto,  which  was  recently  destroyed  by  fire,  en- 
tailing a  loss  of  approximately  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand 
dollars,  is  to  be  rebuilt  at  once.  The  comj^any  have  decided 
to  erect  a  new  building  to  cost  three  hundred  thousand  dollars. 
This  will  increase  the  capacity  of  the  plant  twenty  per  cent.. 
and  take  care  of  the  future  increase  in  business. 

ARCHITECT  UPHELD. 
.An  interesting  decision,  both  to  contractors  and  architects, 
was  recently  given  by  Mr.  Justice  Middleton.  at  Port  McNichol. 
Ontario.  It  appears  that  the  architect  in  charge  of  the  erection 
of  a  new  school  for  the  town  of  Port  McNicol  ordered  a  portion 
of  a  wall  torn  down,  which  did  not  comply  with  his  specifica- 
tions. The  contractor  insisted  on  the  work  being  left  as  it 
was.  and  defied  the  architect,  who  immediately  had  the  con- 
tractor removed  by  force,  resulting  in  an  action  being  brought 
against  the  town  and  architect  for  damages.  The  judge's  de- 
cision was  against  the  plaintiff. 


NATIONAL  TERRA  COTTA  SOCIETY  CONVENTION. 

The  annual  convention  of  the  National  Terra  Cotta  Societ.v 
was  held  at  Hotel  LaSalle,  Chicago,  on  December  9th,  10th  and 
11th.  A  number  of  new  committees  were  appointed  this  year, 
for  which  considerable  work  was  outlined  to  be  accomplished 
during  the  coming  year,  along  lines  of  general  interest  to  the 
society  and  the  development  of  co-operation  among  the  mem- 
bers in  the  industry.  The  consensus  of  opinion  of  those  present 
was  that  1916  will  be  a  very  prosperous  year  in  the  industry. 
"The  terra  cotta  trade  has  been  greatly  depressed."  said  one  of 
the  members,  "but  within  the  last  month  or  so  there  has  been 
rapidly  growing  evidence  of  returning  activity.  Building  pros- 
pects are  now  excelii'nt  in  all  parts  of  the  country." 

The  election  of  officers  was  held  on  .Saturday  afternoon.  De- 
cember 11.  Fritz  Wagner  being  re-elected  president.  Thomas 
Armstrong  was  chosen  as  vice-president;  Harry  Lucas,  of  the 
Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  'Company,  Chicago,  secretary;  and  E. 
V.  Eskensen,  of  the  New  .Jersey  "Terra  Cotta  Company,  Perth 
Amboy,  N.J.,  treasurer.  From  fifty  to  sixty  delegates  were 
p-esent  at  the  convention,  representing  twenty-seven  different 
companies. 


Contractors  &  Sub-Contractors 

As  Supplied  by  The  Architects  of  the  Buildings  Featured 
in  This  Issue 

THE    QUEBEC    UNION    STATION. 
Architect,    Harry    Edward    Prindle,    Montreal. 
Brick    exterior,    Tlie    Citadel    Brick    and    Paving    Co. 
Brick    interior.    Dartnell,    Limited. 
Boilers.    Babcock   &    Wilcox. 
Casements    anu    window    construction,    also    doors    and    window 

trim,    Steel    and    Radiation,    Limited. 
Chimneys,    Canadian  Custodis  Co. 

Electric   wiring  and   apparatus.   L.   K.   Comstock   &   Co 
Expanded  metal,  McFarlane-Douglas  Co.,  Limited. 
Granite,  Argtnteuii  Granite  Co. 
Limestone,    Chateauvert    Quarry    Co. 
Marble.    Missisquol   Marble  Co.,    Limited. 
Mill   work,   R.    McFarlane  &   Co.,    Limited. 
Ornamental  iron.    L.   H.   Gaudry  &   Co. 
Piling.   McArthur  Concrete  Pile  and   Foundation   Co. 
I-iumbing.    Jamts    Ballantyne   and    Landry    &    Chatte. 
Plaster  work  (ceiling).  R.   D.  Clark  &  Sons.   Limited 
Steel,     Eastern    Canada    Steel    and    iron    Works. 
Tile,   Guastavlno  Tile  Co. 
General   contractors,    Downing-Cook  Co. 

METHODIST  BOOK   ROOM. 

Architects,   Burke,  Horwood  &  White. 

Awnings.    The    Robert   Simpson   Company. 

Boilers,  Goldie  &  MoCulloch  Co.,   Detroit  Stokers;    W.   D.   Beath 

supplied  coal  conveyors. 
BricK,   Don    Valley   Brick   Co. 
Concrete   work.    Crescent    Concrete   Co. 
Electric     fixtures,     electric    wiring    and    apparatus.     Btnnett    & 

Wright. 
Elevators  and  hoists.  A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Company  sub- 
contractor. The  Elevator  Specialty  Co.,  supplied  the  hydraulic 

ash    hoist. 
Excavation    and    foundations,   Campbell-Latimer. 
Hre  escapes,  -Architectural  Bronze  Company. 
Fioornig.    marble,    mosaic   and    terrazo,    Lautz-Dunham    Co 
Hurniture,  The  Office  Specialty  Co. 
Glass,   paint  and  varnish.   The  James   Casey  Co. 
Granite,  Thompson  Granite  Co. 

Hardware.  Aikenhead  Hardware  Co..  Yale  and  Towne  fittings 
Heating   and    ventilating.    Bennett    &    Wright;    sub-contractors 

Sheldons    Limited,    installed    ventilating    system,    and    Keith's 

Limited  supplied  the  fan. 
Interior  cabinet  work.    F.   C.    Banks. 
Metal   sash.   Henry  Hope  &   Sons. 

Ornamental  iron,  iron  stairs,  grilles.  Architectural  Bronze  Co 
Phone   system.   De    Beau   Telephone  Co. 
Plaster  work.  J.  Hynes. 
Plumbing.    Bennett    &    Wright;    fixtures    supplied    by    Standard 

Ideal    Co. 

Refrigerating,  pijied. 

Roofing,  The  Philip  Carey  Co. 
■  Sheet  metal  and  hre  dooVs.   A.    B.   Ormsby  Co 
Steel.  McGregor  &  Mclntyre. 
Store   fronts,    Kawneer   Manufacturing  Co. 
Terra  cotta.   .Atlantic  Terra  Cotta  Co. 

Vacuum   cleaners,    piped.  

Vaults.    Fairbanks-Morse  Co.    supplied;    made  by   The  Dominion 

Safe   and   Vault   Co. 
General  contractor,  John  H.  Parker  Co. 

ST.   MICHAEL'S  CHURCH. 
Architect,  A.  B.  Champagne.  Montreal. 

Brick    (plain,    fancy,    enameled,    fire).    Webster  &   Sons,   Limited 
Casements    and    window    construction,    also    doors    and    window 

trim.  Wm.  Rutherford  &  Sons  Co..  Limited 
Electric    wiring    and    apparatus.    W.    J.    O'Learv    &    Co 
Glass   (plate).   W.  J.   Large. 

Hardware  (Brand),  Russwin  Durand  Hardware  Co 
Heating  and   ventilating  engineers,    P.   J.   Sullivan   Co.,   Limited 
Marble,    Lepage   Marble   Works. 
Paints  (interior  and  exterior),   W.  J.  I,arge 
Plumbing,    P.    J.    Sullivan    Co.,    Limited. 
Plaster  work  (ceiling),  Peter  B.   Baxter. 

Roofing,  tar  and  gravel  by  Metal  Shingle  and  Siding  Co.,  Limited 
Terra  cotta   (ornamental).   New  Jersey  Terra  Cotta  Co 
General    contractors.    Atlas   Construct'ion    Co. 

THE   CARTY   BUILDING. 

■Architect.  F.   S.   Mallorv.   Toronto. 

Brick.    The    Don    Valley    Brick    Co. 

Cabinet  work.  J.   S.   Scott. 

Carpentering.  J.  D.  Young. 

Elevators,  Otis-Fensom  Co. 

Grill  and  ornamental  iron,  Canadian  Ornamtntal  iron  Company 

Hardware,   .Aikenhead   Hardware  Co. 

Marble.    J.    G.    Gibson    Marble   AVorks. 

.Mason.    James    AVickett,    Limited 

Painting  and  glazing,  James  Casev  Co. 

Plastering,   Duckworth    Bros. 

Plumbing   and    heating   and    wiring   and    ventilating,    Bennett    & 

V*  right. 
Sheet  metal  and  roofing,   A.   B    Ormsby. 
Sprinkler  system,  W.  J.  McGuire. 
Steel,    Dominion    Bridge    Companv. 
Terra   cotta    (exterior),    .Atlantic   Terra   Cotta  Co. 
Tile  work.    Italian    Mosaic  and   Tile   Co. 
Vacuum  cleaning.   Hydro  Vacuum   Cleaner  Co. 

PERSONALS. 

Mr.  J.  M.  Moore,  architect  and  engineer,  of  London  On- 
tario, has  been  elected  to  the  Board  o"  Control  of  that  city. 

Mr.  .\.  Charette  has  been  appointed  representative  of  the 
Plumbers  Association  of  Montreal  on  the  Board  of  the  Builders' 
Exchange. 

Although  both  Col.  Chadwick  and  Col.  Beckett,  of  the  firm  of 
Chadwick  &  Beckett,  Toronto,  have  enlisted  for  overseas  ser- 
vice, and  are  now  actively  engaged  in  military  affairs,  their 
office  has  not  been  closed.  It  is  being  continued  under  the  man- 
agement of  Bryan  Chadwick.  Col.  Chadwick's  brother  who  has 
been  connected  with  the  firm  for  the  past  six  vears 


32 


CONSTRUCTION 


IMPORTANT   DISCOVERY. 

The  (ilscoverv  of  mineral  phosphate  of  lime  In  the  Rooky 
Mountiilna  hv  tiie  Komlnion  ('onimlHsion  on  Consei-vatlon,  will 
prove  ,H-onomi<iill,v  Imiuirtaiit  to  C-aiiada  If  large  doposltH  aie  un- 
eovereil  Itv  means  of  the  substance  the  exhausted  fertility  of 
the  Western  KrowinK  dlstrUts  may  be  restored  and  maintained. 
\t  the  present  time  the  only  mineral  fertilizer  Is  appatite, 
found   near  Ottawa,    which   field   is  very  small. 

HYDRO   RADIALS. 

In  connertioii  with  the  hydro  radials,  upon  which  upwards  of 
liflv  imiii'icipallties  have  lately  voted  and  approved  of  the 
seli'enie  it  is  Interesting  to  analyze  this  un<lertakinK  from  the 
point  of  view  of  the  manufacturer  and  contractor.  Almost  every 
kind  of  material  usiKi  in  building  and  engineering  construction 
will  he  in  demand.  In  spending  this  $3B. 000, 00(1  a  great  market 
will  be  opened  up  to  the  maimficturer,  as  well  as  a  large  field 
for  labor.  

ANOTHER  BIG  INDUSTRIAL  DEVELOPMENT. 
Another  big,  new  dndustriai  development  in  Canada  con- 
seiiuenit  upon  war  necessities  and  opportunities  Is  likely  to 
be  the  refining  within  the  Dominilon  of  the  millions  of  dollars 
worth  of  nickel  matte  from  Sudbury,  which  now  goes  to  New 
.lersey  for  refining.  It  is  stated  on  reliable  authority  that  the 
iJovernment  is  now  considering  arrangements  for  reiiuiring 
reliiiiiig  in  Canada,  ithus  keeping  control  of  the  export  of  a  com- 
nioditv  so  largclv  used  in  armament  manufacture,  and  at  the 
isame  'time  t.aking  advantage  of  i)resent  war  conditions  to  estab- 
lish permanently  in  Canada  an  industry  that  will  prove  Im- 
mensely  valuable   when    i)eace  comes. 


LARGE   GAS    LINE. 

One  of  the  largest,  if  not  the  largest,  pipe  line  and  gas  under- 
takings of  the  continent  has  Just  been  consummated  and  work 
begun,  by  the  disposal  in  New  York  of  $10,000,000  worth  of 
bonds.  The  proposition,  as  outlined  by  Engineer  .1.  I...  Kempher, 
will  take  in  all  towns  along  the  line  of  the  C.P.K.  from  the 
gas  fields  of  Southern  Alberta  to  Winnipeg,  including  Brandon, 
Uegina  and  Moose  Jaw.  At  the  present  time  the  cost  to  con- 
sumers has  not  been  dealt  with,  but  since  the  larger  cities  along 
the  line  of  the  project  have  accepted  the  offers  made  to  them 
there  should  be  no  doubt  a.s  to  the  success  of  the  scheme,  and 
it  should  prove  a  great  factor  in  eliminating  much  of  the  un- 
employment in  the  West  and  open  up  a  large  field  for  manufac- 
turers.   

CANADA  GETTING  GERMAN  TRADE. 

Ample  proof  that  Canadian  manufacturers  in  general  are 
benefiting  to  a  marked  extent  through  the  increased  volume  of 
trade  resulting  from  enemy  manufacturers  being  barred,  through 
exigencies  of  war,  from  the  world's  markets,  is  furniished  by  en- 
quiries made  among  manufacturers  and  j)roducers.  Manufac- 
turers sa.v  that  ahe  cliief  Ijenefit  to  accrue  from  German  and 
Austrian  products  being  kept  at  home  is  not  so  much  that  they 
are  barred  from  Canadian  markets  as  that  Canadian  manufac- 
turers are  now  supplying  the  increased  demand  in  other  parts 
of  the  world.  Inst.inces  of  tltese  are  manufacturers  of  patent 
leather,  sole  leather,  belting  and  similar  leather  goods,  manufac- 
turers of  drugs,  tapestries,  incandescent  light  bulbs,  electric 
shades,  opal   shades  and   ruV>>-   lenses   for  semaphores. 

LONDON  PALACE  OF  INDUSTRY, 

Cround  has  just  been  broken  for  a  huge  new  permanent  ex- 
hibition building  to  be  known  as  the  Palace  of  Industry. 

The  building  is  located  at  Willesden  Green — about  six  miles 
distant  from  the  centre  of  the  city — will  cover  an  area  of  610,000 
siiu.ire  feet,  nearly  four  times  the  size  of  any  similar  buiilding  in 
l..ondon.  It  will  be  opened  early  in  1917  with  an  exhibition 
known  as  the  "Industries  of  the  Empire  Fair,"  which  is  planned 
to  be  "the  greatest  trade  exhibition  ever  organized."  TTie  Fair 
will  be  under  the  co-oj)enitive  auspices  of  all  the  principal 
trade  organizations  of  the  British  Empire,  and  over  3,000  ex- 
hibitors, representing  seventy  distinct  lines  of  business,  have 
already  applied  for  space.  The  frontage  of  the  stalls  will  ag- 
gregate twelve  miles  in  length.  It  is  to  be  solely  a  dlspiav  of 
British    goods,    no   foreign    exhibits    whatever   being   allowed." 


BOOKLETS,  CATALOGUES,  ETC. 
Achievements  In  Modern  Heating  and  Ventilation,  is  the  title 
oi  a  twenty  page  catalogue,  issued  l)y  The  .lame.s  Sm.art  Mfg. 
Co..  lirorkv.ille.  describing  the  Kelsey  System.  It  is  well  illus- 
trated with  view  of  buildings  where  Kelsey  Systems  are  installed 
and  Illustrates  and  descrilies  the  iirincipies  and  advantages  of 
the  warm  air  generators,  manufactured  by  this  firm. 

Cement  Gun. — .\  one  hundred  and  eight  page  monograph 
c(>mpiie(l  and  edited  liy  .\rthur  E.  I,ee  embraces  a  description 
of  the  cement  gun  ai)i)aratus  manufactured  bv  The  Cement-Gun 
Company.  Incorporated.  30  Church  Street.  New  York,  and 
includes  information  on  its  principle  and  mechanical  construction 
and  its  multiiile  application  and  adaptahilitv  to  engineering  and 
construction   work. 

Reducing  and  Regulating  Valves.— The  H.  Mueller  Mfg.  Co.. 
ltd..  Sarnin.  lint.,  are  sending  out  a  thirty-two  page  catalogue 
Illustrating  and  describing  in  a  cleur  and  concise  manner  the 
Mueller  Reducing  and  liesrulating  Valve  and  Pump  Governors, 
manufactuied  l)y  them.  It  contains  also  useful  information  for 
anyone    using   or   requiring  valves   of   this   type. 

Sanitary  School  Desks,— A  folder  illustrating  and  describing  a 
new  line  of  silent  saiiitarv  school  desks  being  turned  out  hv  The 
.lames  Smart  Mfg.  Co..  nf  Hrockville.  a  notalile  feature  of  whicn 
1-   the    noiseless   automatic   seat    hinge. 

The  Proper  Place. — Tieferring  to  blueprints  and  drawing«.  .^ 
well  designed  and  beautifully  printed  catalogue  issued  bv  Y-hw- 
man  &•  Erlie  Manufacturing  Co..  Rochester.  N.  Y.  It  describes 
the  handv  fi'ing  svstem.  manufactured  bv  this  firm  which  solves 
the  nrol)lpni  of  keeping  track  of  architect's  Idueprints  and 
dTawnigs. 

1916    Catalogue     of    the    Itelinnce    KallbeTring    Doo-    Hange- 
iminany^   V>  East   I2nd   Street.   New  York,  illustrates  their  ball- 
bearing door  liangers.   drawer  slides  and   elevator  dooi'  lock  and 
would   be  a   useful  addition  to  the  literature  of  anv  architect  or 
liuilder. 


NEWLY   INCORPORATED  COMPANIES. 

Canadian  Electrode  Co. — Interested,  Howard  Murray  and 
Stephen  Hart,  Montreal. 

The  Robert  Simpson  Co.  Western,  Limited — Capital  $4,000,- 
000;  headquarters,  Kegina,  Sask.  The  company  Is  affiliated  with 
the  Tbronto  company  of  same  name. 

St.  Maurice  Paper  Co.,  Limited — 'Interested,  Alexandre  Chase 
Casgraln,   Montreal. 

The  Manitoba-Ontario  Railway — I>ine  from  Port  William  to 
Lake  of  the  Woods. 

The  Canada  Cement  Co. — ^The  company  is  entitled  to  manu- 
facture s'hells. 

Messrs.  L.  .S.  YoUes,  H,  Rottenberg,  L.  M.  Singer  and  G.  T. 
Walsh,  all  of  Toronto,  have  been  incorporated  to  carry  on  busi- 
ness as  architects,  contractors  and  building  wreckers. 

W.   J.   Galbraith   &   Co.,   contractors,   Montreal. 

Castonguay  &  Frere.  contractors,  Longue  Point,  Montreal. 

Automatic  Faucet  Company,  Limited,  Vancouver. 

T'hree-O-System  Company,  Limited,  Toronto,  will  manufac- 
ture furnaces  and  boilers. 

Central    Engineering   Co.,    Limited,    Montreal. 

Electric  Welding  Co.,   Toronto,   engineering  contractors. 


COMING   CONVENTIONS. 

AMERICAN  CERAMIC  SOCIETY'S  annual  convention  will 
be  held  at  Cleveland.    Ohio,    February  21    to  24. 

AMERICAN  CONCRETE  PIPE  ASSOCIATION— Annual  con- 
vention to  be  held  In  Chicago,  February  17  and  18,  1916.  .Sec- 
retary, E.  S.  Hanson,  538  S.  Clark  street,  Chicago,  111. 

AMERICAN  WOOD  PRESERVERS'  ASSOCIATION— The 
twelfth  annual  convention  to  be  held  in  Chicago,  January  IS,  19 
and  20,  1916.  Chas.  C  Schnatterbeck,  Chairman  Committee  on 
Publicity  and  Promotion,  .-Vmerlcan  Wood  Preservers'  Associa- 
tion,  Baltimore,  Maryland. 

■CANADIAN  LUMBERMEN'S  ASSOCIATION— At  Ottawa, 
February  IS,  19  and  20,  1916,  annual  convention.  Frank  Hawkins, 
secretary,   Ottawa. 

CANADIAN  NATIONAL  OLAY  PRODUCTS  ASSOCIATION 
— ^To  be  held  at  the  King  Edward  Hotel,  Toronto,  on  January 
18,    19,  20. 

CANADIAN  SOCIEH'Y  OF  CIVIL  ENGINEERS— The  thirtieth 
annual  meeting  to  be  held  in  .Montreal,  January  25,  26  and  27, 
1916.  Secretary,  Prof.  C.  H.  McLeod,  176  Mansfield  street,  Mont- 
real. 

HOLLOW  BUILDING  TILE  MANUFACTURERS'  ASSOCIA- 
TION OF  AMERICA— Convention  to  be  held  in  New  York,  N.Y., 
on   January   26. 

NATIONAL  BRICK  MANUFACTURERS'  ASSOCIATION 
will  hold  its  annual  convention  at  Hotel  Statler,  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
February  21   to  26. 

NATIONAL  BUILDERS'  SUPPLY  ASSOCIATION  will  hold 
its  annual  convention  at  Hotel  Statler,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  Febru- 
ary 17,  18,  19. 

THE  COMPLETE  BUILDING  SHOW  will  be  held  for  the 
first  time  from  February  16  to  26.  at  the  Coliseum,  Cleveland, 
Ohio.  ,  ^  , 

TECHNICAL   SOCIETIES. 

ALBERT.^  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— President. 
Jas.  A.  Henderson,  F.R.I. ,  B.A.,  Edmonton;  Hon.  Secretary,  W. 
D.   Cromarty,    Edmonton. 

ARCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 
— President,  R.  Mackay  Fripp;  Secretary,  Fred  L.  Townley,  325 
Homer   St.,    Vancouver,    B.C. 

CANADI.AJSl  CEMENT  AND  CONCRETE  ASSOCIATION.— 
President,  Peter  Gillespie.  Toronto,  Ont. ;  Secretary-Treasurer, 
Wm.   Snaith,  The  Thor  Iron  Works,  Toronto,  Ont. 

CANADIAN  CLAY  PRODUCTS'  MANUFACTURERS'  AS- 
SOCIATION.— President.  Chas.  A.  Millar;  Secretary-Treasurer, 
G.    C.    Keith,    Toronto. 

CANADIAN  ELECTRICAL  ASSOCIATION.— President,  Col. 
D.  R.  Street,  Ottawa,  Secretary,  Alan  Sullivan,  Confederation 
Life  Building,  Toronto. 

CANADIAN  FORESTRY  ASSOCIATION.— President.  Wil- 
liam Power,  M.P.,  Secretary,  James  Lawler.  Journal  Building, 
Ottawa. 

CANADIAN  GAS  ASSOCIATION.— President,  Arthur  Hewitt, 
General  Manager  Consumers'  Gas  Company,  Toronto;  John 
Keillor,    Secretary-Treasurer,   Hamilton,   Ont. 

CANADIAN  INDEPENDENT  TELEPHONE  ASSOCIATION. 
— President,  W.  Doan,  M.D.,  Harrietsville,  Ont.;  Secretary- 
Treasurer,   Francis  Dagger,   21  Richmond  street  West,   Toronto. 

CANADIAN  INSTITUTE.— 198  College  Street,  Toronto. 
President,  J.   B.   Tyrrell;   Secretary,   Mr.   J.   Patterson. 

CANADIAN  NATIONAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  BUILDERS' 
EXCHANGES.— Western  Section — President,  C.  R.  Frost,  609 
Second  St.,  Edmonton,  Alta.,;  Secretary-Treasurer,  A.  M.  Frith, 
224  McDougall  Ave.,  Winnipeg.  Eastern  Section — President. 
Geo.  Gander,  Toronto;  Secretary-Treasurer,  P.  L.  Eraser,  Build- 
ers' Exchange,  Toronto. 

MANITOBA  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.- ^->s=-'-"t. 
Col.  J.  B.  Mitchell,  Winnipeg;  Secretary-Treasurer,  K.  G.  Han- 
ford. 

ONTARIO  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— President.  C. 
P.  Meredith,  Ottawa;  Secretary,  H.  E.  Moore,  195  Bloor  St.  E.. 
Toronto. 

PROVINCE  OF  QUEBEC  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS. 
Secretary,  J.  Kmile  Vanier.  No.  5.  Beaver  Hall  Square.  Montreal. 

ROYAL  ARCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  CANADA.— 
President.  H.  C.  Russell,  Winnipeg.  Man.;  Hon.  Secretary.  Al- 
cide  Chausse,   No.   5,   Beaver  Hall  Square.  Montreal  Que. 

SOCIETY  OF  CHEMICAL  INDUSTRY.— Wallace  P.  Cohoe, 
Chairman;    Alfred  Burton,   Toronto,   Secretary. 

TECHNICAL  SOCIETY  OF  PETERBORO.— Bank  of  Com- 
merce Building.  Peterboro.  President,  N.  C.  Mills,  P  O  Box 
995.  Peterboro,  Ont. 

UNION  OF  CANADIAN  MUNICIPALITIES.— President,  T. 
L.  Church.  Mayor  of  Toronto,  Ont.;  Hon.  Secretar>--Treasurer, 
W.  D.  Lighthall.  KG.  Ex-Mayor  of  Westmount;  Asst.  Secretary 
G.   S.   Wilson,   402  Coristine  Bldg.,   Montreal. 


Important  Legal  Decision 


APPEAL  from  a  decision  of  the  Appellate 
Division  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ontario 
(1),  reversing  the  judgment  of  a  Divisional 
Court  (2),  in  favor  of  the  plaintiff. 

The  action  was  brought  for  an  injunction  to 
restrain  the  respondent  from  erecting  an  apart- 
ment house  on  lot  32  on  the  east  side  of  May- 
nard  avenue,  in  the  city  of  Toronto,  and  which 
adjoins  the  lands  upon  which  the  appellant  has 
erected  a  valuable  private  residence. 

The  lands  now  owned  by  the  appellant  and  re- 
spondent respectively  were  formerly  owned  by 
the  Keverend  George  Maynard. 

The  executors  of  the  Reverend  George  May- 
nard conveyed  lot  32  above  mentioned  to  one 
John  Williamson,  by  deed  dated  the  18th  April, 
1888,  the  material  portion  of  which  is  as  fol- 
lows: "All  and  singular  that  certain  parcel  or 
tract  of  land  and  premises  (describing  them) 
to  be  used  only  as  a  site  for  a  detached  brick 
or  stone  dwelling  house,  to  cost  at  least  two 
thousand  dollars,  to  be  of  fair  architectural  ap- 
pearance, and  to  be  built  at  the  same  distance 
from  the  street  line  as  the  houses  on  the  ad- 
joining lots." 

The  respondent's  title  is  derived  through  this 
conveyance  to  Williamson. 

When  the  appellant  purchased  the  land  now 
owned  by  him  it  was  one  of  the  few  remaining 
vacant  lots  on  Maynard  avenue,  and  he  did  so 
with  the  knowledge  that  there  were  restrictions 
on  that  street  governing  the  class  of  buildings 
to  be  erected  thereon,  and  also  knowing  from 
his  personal  inspection  that  the  houses  on  the 
street  were  all  private  dwellings  and  worth 
from  $7,000  to  $10,000.  The  appellant  erected 
a  first-class  private  dwelling  house,  costing  ap- 
proximately $14,000,  over  and  above  the  value 
of  the  land,  which  he  would  not  have  done  had 
he  not  believed  that  there  were  building  re- 
strictions sufficient  to  prevent  the  erection  of 
such  a  building  as  is  proposed  by  the  respon- 
dent. 

The  respondent  proposes  to  construct  what  is 
called  an  apartment  house  upon  lot  32,  and  the 
plans  and  specifications  which  he  had  prepared 
show  that  it  is  intended  to  include  the  construc- 
tion of  six  separate  and  distinct  suites,  or  sets 
of  rooms,  each  cut  off  from  the  others  by  its 
own  front  door,  and  comjwsed  of  a  living  room, 
four  bedrooms,  a  bathroom,  a  dining-room  and 
a  kitchen. 

The  appellant,  believing  that  his  property 
would  be  very  greatly  depreciated  and  damaged 
if  the  respondent  were  permitted  to  construct 
the  proposed  building,  commenced  this  action. 

After  the  commencement  of  the  action  the  ap- 
pellant moved  for  an  interlocutory  injunction. 
The  motion  was  bv  consent  turned  into  a  motion 


for  judgment,  and  on  the  3rd  May,  1912,  judg- 
ment was  ])ronounced  by  Mr.  Justice  Middleton 
dismissing  the  action  with  costs. 

The  learned  judge  considered  that  he  was 
bound  by  the  decision  in  Re  Robertson  and  De- 
foe (1),  and  dismissed  the  action.  This  judg- 
ment was  reversed  by  the  Divisional  Court 
(composed  of  Falconbridge,  C.J.,  K.B.,  Britton 
and  Riddell,  JJ.),  Britton,  J.,  dissenting. 

The  judgment  of  the  Divisional  Court  w^as  re- 
versed by  the  Appellate  Division  (R.  M.  Mere- 
dith, Garrow,  Maclaren,  Magee  and  Hodgins, 
JJ.A.),  Maclaren  and  Magee,  JJ.A.),  dissenting. 

From  the  judgment  of  the  Court  of  Appeal 
for  Ontario  the  appellant  appealed  to  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  Canada. 

Glyn  Osier  and  J.  H.  Cooke  for  the  appellant. 
The  conveyance  to  Williamson  contains  a  re- 
strictive covenant  limiting  the  use  of  the  land 
by  the  grantee  and  his  assigns.  Mackay  v.  Dick 
(1),  at  page  263;  Rawson  v.  Inhabitants  of 
School  District  (2),  Brookes  v.  Drysdale  (3), 
at  page  60. 

The  words  used  are  to  be  interpreted  in  their 
ordinary  and  popular  sense.  Rogers  v.  Hose- 
good  (4),  at  page  409;  Hext  v.  Gill  (5);  Ex 
parte  BreuU  (6). 

J.  M.  Godfrey,  for  the  respondent,  referred 
to  Kimber  v.  Admans  (7);  Robertson  v.  Defoe 
(8);  Neill  V.  Duke  of  Devonshire  (9),  at  page 
149. 

The  Chief  Justice  (dissenting) :— I  am  of 
opinion  that  this  appeal  should  be  dismissed 
with  costs. 

Idington,  J.:— The  respondent  claims  that  he 
is  entitled  within  the  terms  of  a  grant  of  cer- 
tain lands  conveyed  to  be  used  only  as  a  site  for 
a  detached  brick  or  stone  dwelling  house  to  cost 
at  least  two  thousand  dollars,  to  be  of  fair  archi- 
tectural appearance,  and  to  be  built  at  the  same 
distance  from  the  street  line  as  the  houses  on 
the  adjoining  lots,  to  erect  on  said  site  half  a 
dozen  dwelling  houses  so  attached  together  and 
covered  in  that  they  may  wear  the  external  ap- 
pearance of  one  house. 

If  this  is  to  be  construed  as  a  covenant  I  con- 
ceive and  respectfully  submit  that  respondent  is 
simply  attempting  by  a  juggling  use  of  the  word 
"apartment"  to  seem  to  keep  the  promise  to 
the  ear  yet  break  it  to  the  hope. 

It  is  part  of  the  office  of  the  law  to  defeat  such 
like  attempts  and  see  that  what  was  within  the 
reasonable  contemplation  of  the  parties  to  a 
contract  as  expressed  in  their  use  of  the  words 
thereof,  is  so  adhered  to  that  neither  the  pur- 
pose nor  the  language  is  frittered  awaj-  by  over 
refinement. 

It  is  the  use  of  the  site,  and  not  the  use  or 
abuse  of  the  detached  dwelling  when  built,  that 


33 


11 


CONSTRUCTION 


I 


Investigate  Roofing  Claims! 


/^^  RAVEL  and  slag  roofs  laid  along  the  lines  of  The  Barrett  Specifi- 
^^  cation  cover  many  of  the  first-class  buildings  of  the  Dominion, 
because    the    experience   of    more  than    60   years   has   proven    that — 

1st  — They  last  longer  than  any  other  kind. 
2nd — There  is  no  painting,  coating  or  similar  maintenance  cost. 
3rd  — Their  unit  cost  per  year  of  service  is  lower  than  any  other. 
4th  — They  take  the  base  rate  of  insurance  and  are  approved  by  the 
Underwriters'  Laboratories. 


Claims  regarding  roofing  should  be  met 
with  this  question:  "How  many  can  you 
refer  to  who  have  used  say  500  squares  of 
your  roofing  on  a  comparatively  flat  sur- 
face for  ten  years  and  bought  more?" 

Then  investigate  such  claims! 

We  can  supply  scores  of  names  for  this 
purpose. 


•  ■'llliTiS-    I'riiHC   d-    iMhiilr  I!.\uim:TT    NI'KCIf-'ICATloN'    HOOK    OX    THE 

Moiltll'tll  (.IIIKON     1,1    L\1|;T     SCIIOOI.. 

Frii-.x.  Moiilnifl 


Exaggerated  statem.ents  sometimes  sell 
roofing,  because  the  principles  of  Barrett 
Specification  Roofs  are  not  well  known  to 
the  purchaser.  Once  he  understands  the 
long  service  they  give  and  the  low  unit 
cost,  he  will  have  no  other  kind. 

Copies  of  The  Barrett  Specification 
sent  free  on  request. 


Special  Note 

We  advise  incorporating  in  plans  the  full 
wording  of  The  JJarrett  Specilication  in 
onler  to  avoid  any  misunderstanding. 

If  any  abbreviated  form  is  desired,  how- 
ever,  the   following  is  suggested : 

KOOFlXf;— Shall  be  a  liarrett  Specilica- 
tion Roof  laid  as  directed  in  printed  Speci- 
lication, revised  August  15,  1911,  using  tlie 
materials  specilicd  and  sul)ject  to  the  in- 
spection rc(|uirenient. 


Till-:  p.\ti-:rson  manufacturing 

COMPANY,    limited 

MONTHICAI,  TORONTO  WINNIPEC  VANCOUVKk 

THE  CARRITTE-PATERSON 
MANUFACTURI.NTG  COMPANY,   LIMITED 


II.M.IFAX,  X.S. 


.SVMXKV,  N.S. 


I 
I 


CONSTRUCTION 


13 


Meeting  The  Difficult  to   Meet  in 
Glass  Structures 


To  reproduce  through  the  medium  of 
glass,  and  a  restrained  use  of  wood, 
stone  and  brick,  that  feeling  of'  solidity 
and  endurance  essential  in  an  Architect's 
rendering  of  the  classic  in  design,  you 
will  agree  is  a  difficult  task. 

That  it  has  been  successfully  accom- 


plished in  this  subject  you  will  agree. 

Its  location  in  intimate  association 
with  the  owner's  residence,  prompted  its 
treatment. 

As  evidence  of  our  ability  to  meet  the 
difficult  to  meet  in  glass  enclosures,  this 
would  seem  a  convincing  example. 


TORONTO 
Royal  Bank  Building, 


fof4>i?iBtirnhain(o. 

Limited,  of  Canada 
Greenhouse  Designers  and  Manufacturers 

Factory,    ST.   CATHARINES,    Ontario. 


MONTREAL 
Transportation  Building, 


34 


CONSTRUCTION 


is  in  ijuostion.  TIio  illuslriitions  ])ressefl  in 
jir^unicnt  of  wiiat  niixlit  Ix'  done  in  wjiy  of  over- 
f'ro\v<lin«-  oven  a  (Ictached  (hvellinj?,  Ui^rainst 
wiiicli  tliis  stipulation  is  not  aimod.  aro  tliovo- 
I'orc  of  no  a\ail. 

AVc  ninst  look  at  the  vvliole  instrument,  and 
doin.n-  so  licrc  i  iiave  no  douht  tlio  s''">'itor  and 
;L,M-antee  intended  tlie  latter  siioiild  be  hound  to 
use  tlie  land  in  the  manner  stipulated,  and  for 
this  |)ur|M)se  I  presume  the  ji^rantee  executed  the 
<leetl. 

T  think  the  appeal  should  be  allowed  with 
costs  thi-ouji:hout. 

Duff,  ,1.  (dissenting)  :  — The  eovenant  in  this 
ease,  in  my  ju(l<>'nient,  has  no  application  to  the 
buildiufi:  in  (luestion.  The  building  is,  undoul)t- 
edly,  a  house.  It  is  a  dwelling  house,  l)ec'ause  it 
is  constructed  solely  for  housing  ])eople  as 
dwellers.  The  contention  that  because  the  house 
contains  a  certain  number  of  apartments  in 
which  separate  families  might  conveniently 
live,  it  is  therefore  not  a  "detached"  dwelling 
house  is  a  contention  which,  if  not  wholly  ir- 
relevant, must  involve  the  projwsition  that  the 
l»uilding  is  not  a  dwelling  house,  but  an  assem- 
blage of  dwelling  houses.  F  think  it  is  rather 
extravagant  to  aitirni  that  a  given  house  is  not 
a  "detached"  house  solely  because  it  contains  a 
number  of  apartments  capable  of  separate  oc- 
cupation. 

I  think  the  considerations  which  ought  to  gov- 
cin  the  determination  of  the  case  are  set  forth 
very  satisfactorily  in  the  judgment  of  Mr.  Jus- 
tice ^leredith  in  the  court  l)elow. 

Anglin,  d. :— It  is  common  ground  that  the 
terms  of  the  "covenant"  in  (|uestion  should  he 
given  the  meaning  ordinai'ily  attaclied  to  them 
when  used  in  common  ])arlance.  Rogers  v. 
ilosegood  (1);  Flext  v.  (iill  (2),  at  i)age  719. 
It  is  urged  by  the  appellant  that  the  construc- 
tion put  by  the  respondent  U])on  these  terms  is 
technical  and  refined;  the  res])ondent  makes  a 
similar  complaint  of  the  construction  insisted 
upon  by  the  appellant. 

it  would  be  a  most  extraordinary  description 
of  a  modeiii  apartment  house,  such  as  the  de- 
fendant projjoses  to  erect,  to  call  it  "a  detach- 
ed dwelling  house"  — a  description  that  nobody 
would  ever  dream  of  using  collocjuially.  No 
purchaser  of  a  property,  which  he  had  not  seen 
lint  had  bought  relying  on  the  vendor's  descrip- 
tion of  it  as  "a  detached  dwelling  house,"  would 
ex|»ect  to  have  foisted  u[)on  him,  or  be  com- 
pelled to  take,  as  answering  that  description,  an 
ai)artment  house  such  as  the  defendant's  ]ilans 
provide  for.  Ff  fui-tlier  evidence  were  recpiired 
of  the  purview  of  the  restriction  intended  to 
l>e  imposed  upon  the  user  of  the  property  in 
Muestion  as  a  building  site,  it  is  furnished  by  the 
fact  that,  his  purpose  being  to  ensure  that  May- 
nard  avenue  should  maintain  its  character  as  a 
(irst-class  residential  street,  the  vendor  stijm- 
lated    thai    ou   the   site   now   owned   bv    the   re- 


spondent there  should  be  erected  jiothing  otlier 
than  a  dwelling  house  of  brick  or  stone  costing 
at  least  $2,000.  What  sort  of  modern  ajjart- 
ment  house  built  of  brick  or  stone  could  be  con- 
structed for  $2,000?  The  amount  of  this  mini- 
mum price  seems  to  show  conclusively  that  the 
purpose  was  that  nothing  otliei-  than  a  single 
dwelling  house  in  the  ordinary  acceptation  of 
that  term  should  be  erected  on  the  land. 

I  am,  with  res))ect,  of  the  oj)inion  that  the  de- 
cision in  Robertson  v.  J)efoe  (1),  relied  on  by 
the  respondent,  cannot  be  sustained.  Each 
apartment  in  the  modern  residential  ai)artment 
how  such  a  building  can  be  deemed  in  com- 
pliance Avith  a  covenant  that  "every  residence 
erected  on  the  land  sliall  be  a  detached  house." 
"House"  was  the  word  considered  in  Kimber 
v.  Admans  (2).  "Dwelling-house"  was  the 
term  dealt  with  in  Rogers  v.  Ilosegood  (3). 
See,  too,  Ilford  Park  Estates  v.  Jacobs  (4). 

For  the  reasons  stated  l)y  AFr.  Justice  Fiiddeli 
in  the  F)ivisional  Court  I  agree  with  his  con- 
clusion that  the  provision  in  (piestion  should  be 
deemed  a  covenant,  and  not  a  condition.  The 
fact  that,  no  right  of  re-entry  for  Ijreach  being 
reserved,  the  stipulation,  treated  as  a  condition, 
would  be  ineffectual,  affords  another  reason  for 
treating  it  as  a  covenant;  ut  res  magis  valeat. 
To  the  authorities  cited  by  Riddell,  J.,  I  would 
merely  add  a  reference  to  Hodson  v.  Coppard 
(4),  and  Stevinson's  Case  (5). 

I  would,  for  the  foregoing  reasons,  witli  re- 
spect, allow  this  appeal  with  costs  in  this  court 
and  the  Court  of  Api)eal,  and  would  restore  the 
judgment  of  the  Divisional  Court. 

Brodeur,  J.:  — The  appellant  is  the  owner  of 
a  lot  on  ^Faynard  street,  in  the  city  of  Toronto, 
and  the  respondent  is  the  owner  of  an  adjoin- 
ing lot  on  the  same  street.  These  lots  were  sold 
with  the  covenant  that  each  of  them  "would  be 
used  only  as  a  site  for  a  detached  brick  or  stone 
dwelling  house  to  cost  at  least  $2,000,  to  be  of 
fair  architectural  appearance,  and  to  be  built 
at  the  same  distance  from  the  street  as  the 
houses  on  the  adjoining  lots." 

The  respondent  proposes  to  erect  an  apart- 
ment house,  and  the  appellant,  as  transferee  of 
the  rights  of  the  original  vendor,  claims  an  in- 
junction to  restrain  the  resi)ondent  from  build- 
ing that  ai)artment  house.  He  claims  that  the 
apartment  proposed  to  be  erected  is  not  a  de- 
tached house,  and  is,  in  that  respect,  an  in- 
f lingement  of  the  covenant  above  referred  to. 

I  consider  tliat  apartment  houses  were  not 
within  the  covenant,  and  that  its  construction 
is  an  infringement  of  that  covenant.  Rogers  v. 
Ilosegood  (1). 

I  consider  that  the  words  in  the  covenant 
should  l)e  given  their  ordinary  po])ular  mean- 
ing. Rogers  V.  Hosegood,  at  page  409 ;  FJx  parte 
Hreull ;  Fn  re  Bowie  (2). 

For  these  reasons  I  think  that  tlie  injunction 
prayed  for  sliould  be  granted. 


/ 


February,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  2 


CONTENTS 

ONTARIO'S    NEW    GOVERNMENT.   HOUSE    37 

CANADIAN    PARLIAMENT    BUILDING    DESTROYED    53 

THIRTIETH     CONVENTION,    CIVIL     ENGINEERS     56 

EDITORIAL    «0 

Unfairness    of    Architectural    Competitions Our   National   Loss. 

ARCHITECTURAL    DIGEST 62 

CONSTRUCTION    NEWS    64 

Full    Page    Illustrations 

THE    ATRIUM,    ONTARIO'S    NEW    GOVERNMENT    HOUSE    36 

CANADIAN     PARLIAMENT     BUILDING     52 


H.    GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

GRAPHIC  ARTS  BLDG.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

BRANCH  OFFICES 

MONTREAL  NEW  YORK 


36 


CONSTRUCTION 


Tin:  Aii;ir.\i  with  .mai!I!i,k.  I'l.ddH.  walls, 

ril.ASTKHS.      ((M.rMXS,       HALrSTHAniNG 

-OXTAlilo's       NKW      {iOVKKXMEXT       lIOrSK. 


K.    li.     HKAKKS.    AKclIlTEIT. 


Ontario's  New  Government  House 

Chorley  Park,   Rosedale,   Toronto,  The  Site  of  The  Lieutenant-Governor's 

Palatial   Residence 


m 

^^^D  ' 

tj 


HOUSE    OCCt'PIEI)    AS    A    GOVERNMENT    HOUSE 

(1813-1862). 


DESIGNED  after  the  French  chateau  style, 
the  now  official  Government  House  of  On- 
tario is  a  splendid  example  of  the  ai'chitecture  of 
the  period  of  Louis  XVI.  In  it  the  architect  has 
produced  a  gem  which  will  stand  as  a  durable 
monument  to  his  skill.  The  touch  of  the  master 
i-raftsinan  is  everywhere  in  evidence,  from  the 
iodge  at  the  main  entrance,  over  the  artistically 
planned  gronnds,  throughout  the  harmoniously 
designed  and  e(piipped  residence,  to  the  green- 
houses and  garage  on  the  north  side.  Every 
feature  betokens  an  inspired  ideal,  wthicli  from 
its  inception  to  its  creation  has  been  closelj'  and 
cleverly  adhered  to.  This  impression  is  gained 
fi'om  a  visit  to  the  grounds  and  is  intensified  by 
a  glimpse  at  the  interior  of  the  residence.  The 
(;itizens  of  Ontario  have  reason  to  be  proud  of 
the  official  home  they  have  created  for  the 
King's  rei)resentative. 


ONTARIO   GOVERNMENT    HOUSE    (SIMCOE    AND    KING    STREETS,    TORONTO, 

1867-1912). 

This  is  the  third  Government  House  Ontario 
has  had  during  the  imst  hundred  years.  In  the 
time  of  Governor  Simcoe,  who  came  to  York  to 
found  the  new  Cai)ital  for  the  Province  of  Upper 
("!anada,  his  home  was  first  a  canvas  house,  once 
the  property  of  the  famous  Captain  Cook.  Liilter 
he  decided  to  Ijuild  a  house  on  the  west  side  of 
the  Don  River,  two  miles  fro  mthe  Bay.  Into 
this  building  which  was  called  Castle  Frank,  he 
moved  in  January  1794.  It  was  a  one-storey, 
clap-boarded  house  about  thirty  by  fifty  feet 
with  a  facade  in  front  consisting  of  four  large 
columns,  the  trunks  of  unbarkecl  pine  trees, 
reaching  to  the  roof.  This  house  contained  but 
(wo  rooms.  Later  during  the  regime  of  Sir 
Francis  Gore  who  came  in  1806  the  Governor's 
residence  consisted  of  a  group  of  low  one-storey 
cottages  built  of  logs.  These  were  burned  in 
1813. 


iTj'iJjMiffl 


VIEW    FROM    CENTRAL    COURT ONTARIO'S    NEW     GOVERNMENT    lii 


37 


38 


CONSTRUCTION 


rONCUETE   COURT    BRIDCB   ANn    WAU, — ONTARIO  8  NEW   GOVERNMENT    HOfSE. 


To  jn-ovidc  for  (iiiiirtors  for  tlie  Lieutenant- 
fiovernor  the  Province  ])ureliased  Elmsley 
House  situated  on  tlie  corner  of  King  and  Sim- 
coe  streets.     It  was  a  comfortable  and  rooniv 


: :  Na^  CjoPa<:yMCNT  IJoi/se  : : 
: :     :  ^Rqscdacc  Joi^Njo  :      : : 


CfR&lNDjLOOnTiOAN 


frame  and  rouglicast  building  after  the  style  of 
many  of  the  old-fasbioned  bouses  of  the  better 
(lass  of  the  ]>eriod.  Achlitions  were  made  to 
this  house  from  time  to  time  as  increased  ac- 
commodation was  needed 
until  the  removal  of  the 
seat  of  Grovernment  from 
Toronto  to  Kingston,  in 
1841.  In  1846  the  building 
and  grounds  were  used  for 
the  holding  of  an  exhibi- 
tion of  agricultural  pro- 
ducts. Later  in  1855  the 
Government  offices  were 
again  moved  to  Toronto 
and  Elmsley  House  was 
re-furnished  and  put  into 
habitable  condition.  This 
building  was  destroyed  by 
fire  in  I860. 

aAfter  the  passing  of 
Confederation  Act  in  1869 
plans  were  prep»ared  for 
the  erection  of  an  official 
home  for  the  Lieutenant- 
Governor,  a  new  building 
being  erected  on  the 
grounds  of  old  Elmsley 
House. 

The  structure  was  of 
red  brick,  three  storeys  in 
height,  the  upper  one  a 
mansard  with  a  tower  in 
the  centre  and  a  preten- 
tious porte  cochere  over 
the  main  entrance.  This 
building  was  for  45  years 
the  chief  social  centre  of 
the  City  of  Toronto. 
The  new  Government 
y^        House    in    Chorley    Park 


CONSTRUCTION 


39 


EASTERN     ELEVATION — ONTARIO  S     NEW     GOVERNMENT     HOUSE. 


by  a  curious  coincidence  has  been  erected  within 
a  few  hundred  .yards  of  the  spot  selected  by  Gov- 
ernor Simcoe  nearly  120  years  ago.  Just  before 
The  New  Year  it  was  occupied  by  Sir  John 
TTendrie,  and  will  no  doubt  continue  for  genera- 
tions to  come  be  the  official  home  of  Ontario's 
]  >ieutenan't-(  jovernors. 

The  residence  is  built  of  tirej)roof  eonstriTc- 
tion  throughout.  Tlie  foundation  walls  are 
built  of  concrete  to  the  ground  line ;  above  this 
of  Credit  Valley  grey  stone.  The  roofs  are 
built  of  steel  and  concrete,  faced  with  red  tiles, 
the  apices  and  ridges  are  of  copper.  The  floors 
throughout  are  constructed  with  terra  cotta 
arches  supported  on  steel  beams. 

The  main  portion  of  the  building  has  a  front- 
age of  one  hundred  and  fifty-six  feet  by  a  depth 
of  two  hundred  and  three  feet,  with  an  extension 
wing  forty-three  feet  by  seventy-three  feet,  in 
which  are  located  the  kitchen,  servery  and  pan- 
tries, cook's  room,  servants'  dining  and  sitting 
rooms,  bedrooms  and  bathrooms. 

The  main  entrance  is  in  the  centre  of  the 
front  facade,  and  is  apjiroached  by  a  massive 
port  cochere,  leading  to  a  stone  vestibule,  which 
is  connected  with  a  circular  lobby  finished  in 
Caen  stone  and  marble,  with  fluted  ])ilasters  and 
enriched  capitols,  the  floor  being  of  marble. 
The  porter's  room,  cloak  room  and  lavatories 
are  located  off  this  lobby.  Adjoining  to  the 
west  is  the  waiting  room,  secretary's  office  and 
the  Lieutenant-Governor's  office,  all  en  suite. 
Tlie  latter  is  a  ])articularly  handsome  room, 
finished  in  oak  with  richly  carved  doors.  The 
main  corridor  is  entered  fi-om  the  lobby  and  ex- 
tends nearly  the  full  width  of  the  building;  be- 
yond this  is  the  atrium,  or  grand  hall,  which  is 
designed  in  Louis  XVL  style,  and  finished  in 
marble,  with  marble  pilasters,  columns  and 
balustrading  extending  the  full  height  of  the 
three  floors  of  the  building,  terminating  in  a 
groined  ceiling  with  panelled  skylight,  which 
is  brilliantly  illuminated  at  night  by  electric 
light  obscured  fi-oin  view.  The  flooi-  of  this  hall 
and  the  main  corridor  is  of  marble. 

The  main  staircase  which  is  located  at  the  end 


of  this  hall,  immediately  opposite  to  the  entrance 
is  also  of  marble  all  the  way  up  to  the  top  floor, 
leading  to  the  galleries  on  the  two  upper  floors, 
extending  all  around  the  grand  hall,  with  bal- 
conies overlooking  the  same,  the  entrances  to 
the  various  rooms  on  the  upper  floors  leading 
from  these  galleries. 

The  reception  room  and  drawing  room  are  to 
the  rig'lit  of  the  inain  entrance.  These  rooms 
are  designed  in  Louis  XVI.,  finished  in  old 
ivory,   with   furnishings    to   correspond.      The 

:  AoT  Qwu^MCNT  J:joi/sc  : : 
:     :  ^osen^jcc  Joi^^jo  :      : : 


it  'k  /^' 


: :  'JiR^  JfcooR^cAN  : : 


40 


CONSTRUCTION 


milOK  ANII  fJE.NERAL  VIEW^ONTARIo's    NEW  OOVEliX  MKXT    HOUSK. 


\vnt'iu,n-  I'oom  and  liviiii;-  room  are  located  to  the 
ri<?ht  of  tlie  j>-rand  liall.  Tlie  latter  is  a  parti- 
cularly handsome  room,  with  enriched  beamed 
oeilinji:,  the  woodwork  beinjjf  in  oak  with  carved 
panelling'  over  the  doors;  French  casements 
opening-  on  a  court  paved  with  stone  and  brick, 
with  Fountain  in  the  centre.    Bevond  this  court 


: :     :  I^ejotAf/'  Jb/^i\j() :      : : 


w 


".  Stxx):yD7jooofi^EA]s'  :; 


is  a  terrace  and  lawn  overlooking  the  beautiful 
ravine  to  the  east.  This  room  is  also  connected 
with  the  palm  room,  which  also  adjoins  the  ball 
room.  On  the  west  side  of  the  grand  hall  is  the 
state  dining  room,  twenty-four  by  forty-eight 
feet,  designed  in  the  Jacobean  style,  the  walls 
jianelled  in  fumed  oak,  richly  carved,  the  ceil- 
ing beamed  and  plastered,  with  corresponding 
enrichments.  The  outstanding  feature  of  this 
room  is  the  massive  Caen  stone  mantelpiece  on 
the  south  end,  whiicli  extends  from  floor  to  ceil- 
ing, richly  carved,  with  the  Ontario  Coat-of- 
Arms  in  the  centre.  Close  by  this  room  is  the 
l)rivate  dining  room,  which,  by  way  of  contrast, 
has  been  desiopied  in  the  Adams  style,  has  a 
beautiful' outlook  over  the  rose  garden  and  jiei'- 
gola.  Beyond  this  is  the  service  wing,  contain- 
ing the  servery,  or  butler's  pantry,  kitchen,  scul- 
lery, pantries,  etc. 

The  ballroom  is  situated  immediately  beyond 
the  grand  hall  and  stairway,  and  is  separated 
therefrom  by  a  lobby  leading  to  the  palm  room 
on  the  east  and  to  the  private  dining  room  on 
the  west.  This  room  is  forty  feet  by  sixty-five 
feet,  designed  in  Louis  XVT.,  about  thirty-eight 
feet  from  the  floor  to  glass  dome  ceiling.  The 
wood  and  plaster  work  in  dome  are  finished  in 
old  ivoiy,  the  walls  being  i)ainted  in  imitation 
of  silk.  The  room  is  lighted  in  the  day  time  by 
the  ceiling,  which  is  all  of  glass,  in  white  and 
amber  tints  in  a  simple  geometrical  design;  at 
night  it  is  brilliantly  illuminated  by  four  crystal 
and  gold  chandeliers  and  by  gold  brackets  on  the 
pilasters.  Alcoves  are  provided  at  side  for 
resting,  and  at  the  end  of  the  i-oom  for  a  dias  to 
be  u-ed  on  state  occasions.  The  ballroom  will 
also  be  used  as  a  banqueting  hall  on  state  oc- 
casions. 

The  first  floor,  with  the  exception  of  a  large 
sitting  room  over  the  main  entrance,  is  divided 
into  bedrooms,  dressing  rooms  and  bathrooms. 
The  royal  suite  is  located  to  the  right  of  this 
sitting    room,    and   the   Lieutenant-Governor's 


CONSTRUCTION 


41 


CONX'KETE     WALL    AND    BKIDGE ONTARIO'S    NKW     GOVERNMENT    HOUSE. 


suite  to  the  left  of  it,  facing  south,  east  and 
west,  consisting  of  bedrooms,  dressing  rooms, 
bathrooms  and  boudoirs.  Off  the  main  hall  there 
are  two  bedrooms  on  either  side,  connected  witli 
bathrooms.  All  these  rooms  are  designed  in  tlie 
Adams  style,  the  woodwork  being  finished  in 
wliite  enamel  and  furnished  accordingly,  includ- 
ing all  the  electrical  fixtures,  carpets  and  furni- 
ture generally. 

The  servants'  wing  is  entered  from  the  lobby 
of  the  landing  on  the  main  stairway,  in  which 
are  located  seven  bedrooms  for  maids  and  five 
rooms  for  menservants,  with  separate  staircase 
leading  to  each. 

The  billiard  room  is  also  very  interesting,  is 
entered  from  this  lol)by  off  the  landing  of  tlie 
main  stairway,  is  desigiied  in  the  Jacobean 
style,  with  walls  panelled  in  oak,  the  ceiling 
beamed  to  harmonize  with  the  walls,  and  the 
mantelpiece  being  of  Caen  stone. 

The  upper  floor  of  the  main  building  is 
jilanned  somewhat  similar  to  the  one  below, 
and  includes  eleven  bedrooms  with  bathrooms 


en  suite,  and  one  sitting  room,  and  is  also  de- 
signed in  the  Adams  style.  All  the  doors 
throughout  the  upper  floors  are  of  mahogany. 
In  planning  the  house  the  architect  has  been 
very  successful  in  combining  all  the  essentials  of 
a  home  with  the  requirements  of  a  place  for  en- 
tertaining and  accommodating  the  guests  of 
honor.  No  detail  is  wanting  in  the  ecjuipment  to 
make  the  building  up-to-date  and  self-contained 
in  every  way.  To  give  an  idea  of  the  mechanical 
]>art  of  the  e<jui]>ment  it  might  be  mentioned  that 
the  heating  is  all  by  steam  generated  in  two 
boilers  in  the  basement,  which  also  supply  steam 
to  lieat  the  greenhouse,  garage  and  stables  and 
the  living  quarters.  The  ventilating  plant, 
operated  by  electricity,  works  in  conjunc- 
tion with  the  heating  apparatus.  The  fresh  air 
is  drawn  through  a  large  heating  coil  by  an 
electric  fan,  through  a  water  curtain  which 
eliminates  all  impurities  from  the  air,  then 
thi'ough  another  heater,  and  is  distributed  by 
means  of  ducts  to  the  various  a])artments  in  the 
Irailding.     The  heating  of  the  ground  floor  is 


I'KKliOI.A    IN    HOSK    liAKDEN  —  ONTARIO'S    NEW    (lOVERNMENT    HOUSE. 


42 


CONSTRUCTION 


[f^.^«Av.{l 


[J2«»l^^  OTWAM^'H 


GREENHOT-SE   AXD   HARAOE — ONTARIO'S    XEW    GOVERNMENT    HOUSE. 


CONSTRUCTION 


43 


A    SPECIMEN    OF    PTRE    ARCHITECTURE,    LOUIS    XVI.    PERIOD. 

all  indirect  radiation,  no  radiators  being  seen. 
The  rest  of  the  building  is  by  direct  radiation. 
The  foul  air  is  exhausted  by  means  of  electrical- 
ly driven  fans  and  forced  up  through  a  large 
flue  extending  far  l>eyond  the  roof.  Both  the 
heating  and  ventilaiting  apparatus  are  oper- 
ated by  thermostatic  control,  so  that  the  tem- 
perature can  be  regulated  to  any  degree  re- 
(piired   in  any  of  the  apartments.     A  vacuum 


system,  electrically  operated,  for  cleaning  car- 
pets, rugs,  etc.,  has  been  installed  in  the  base- 
ment, and  tubes  leading  to  the  different  floors. 
A  cold  storage  plant,  also  electrioally  operated, 
is  located  in  the  basement  with  the  ice-making 
machine,  which  is  connected  to  refrigerator  near 
by  and  tlie  refrigerator  in  the  pantry  adjoining 
the  kitchen.  A  watei-  filter  is  provided,  attach- 
ed to  the  water  supply,  so  that  all  water  is  filter- 
ed before  i-eiacihing  the  faucets.  Incinerators 
are  pi-ovided  to  consume  all  garbage,  and  an 
electinc  passenger  elevaitor  located  near  the 
main  entrance  extends  to  the  upper  floors,  and  a 
hydraulic  lift  conveys  the  ashes  from  the  boiler 
room.  The  buildings  are  lighted  by  electricity, 
the  Hydi'o  system  supplying  current  for  light 
and  power.  An  auxiliary  syistem  of  gas  lighting 
is  also  ))rovide(l,  to  be  used  in  case  the  power  is 
slmt  off  at  any  time. 

The  building  was  designed  by  the  Provincial 
(loveinment  architect,  Mr.  F.  R.  Heakes,  and 
carried  out  under  liis  supervision. 

GROUNDS 

Tlie  i)roi)ei-ty  coiniirising  the  grounds  con- 
sists of  fourteen  acres,  bounded  by  Douglass 
Di'ive  on  the  noi'th  and  west,  Roxborough  Drive 
on  the  south,  and  Don  Valley  ravine  on  the  east. 
The  residence  is  located  on  the  northeast  angle 
of  the  site  facing  south;  the  main  entrance  to 
the  grounds  is  from  Roxborough  Drive,  the 
lodge  being  located  at  the  southwest  corner.  A 
driveway  twenty  feet  in  width,  with  walk  at 
side,  leads  to  the  outer  circular  court,  in  the 
centre  of  whidi  it  is  intended  to  place  at  a 
future  date  a  fountain.  Beyond  this  is  the  fore 
court  in  front  of  the  building,  the  two  being 
connected  by  a  handsome  stone  bridge  over  the 
guliy  leading  to  the  lower  flat.  The  fore  court 
is  connected  with  a  broad  terrace,  extending  the 
full  depth  of  the  residence  on  the  east  side.  A 
handsome  cement  stone  balustrade  is  continued 
alongside  the  main  drive  and  around  the  courts, 


TENNIS    LAWN    TERRACE — ONTARIO'S    NEW    GOVERNMENT     HOUSE. 


44 


CONSTRUCTION 


with  elcftric  lifilit  staiulanls  at  intervals  on  the 
IKHlc'stals.  'I'lic  .service  drive  and  court  is  lo- 
cated at  the  Ji<)i"tli  cikI  of  tlie  projjerty,  with  an 
entrance  to  DoiiKhiss  Di-ive,  witli  paths  from 
same  to  tiie  j^reenhouse,  f?araf?e  and  stables, 
wliicii  are  locattnl  to  the  north  and  oa«t  of  the 
service  <'oiirt.  The  conservatory  is  an  example  of 
the  nuxlein  jrreenhou-e  adapted  for  i)rivate  resi- 
(leivces.  The  type  is  known  as  the  flat  rafter 
curve<l  oave  type.  In  this  house  the  maximum 
of  lij?ht,  and  thei-efoi'e  the  maximum  of  ef!ici- 
(MK-y,  is  oUtaim^l  by  placinii:  the  gutter  on  the 
masonry  wall.  A  spe<^ial  phite  of  oast  iix)n  is 
made  to  fit  the  masonry  wall  and  to  which  the 
superstru(«ture  is  bolted.  This  plate  also  con- 
tains the  gutter  for  rain  and  a  small  gutter  in- 
side for  the  water  of  condensa/tion.  All  the  wood 
used  is  of  the  best  grade  of  cypress,  while  the 
metal  super.stru((ture  is  of  mild  steel,  angle  iron 
being  used  for  the  ))urlins.  Every  member  is 
designed  for  stremgth  and  lightness.  All  of  the 
driveways  and  courts  are  laid  in  macadam,  with 
to])  dressing  of  trap  rock,  the  walks  being  laid 
in  cement  and  bricks,  this  work  being  done  un- 


SOt;TH-WEST   FACADE. 


MAI.N    E.NTKANCB,   CE.NTRAL   FACADE. 


der  the  sui)ervision  of  the  highway  branch  of 
the  Public  Works  Department.  The  side  en- 
trance is  from  Douglass  Drive  by  a  curved 
road  and  wialk,  with  a  gentle  incline  leading  to 
the  fore  court.  A  rose  garden,  with  pergola  a't 
the  north  end,  has  been  comsitructed  to  the  north 
of  this  road,  with  a  i)atli  leading  from  same  to  a 
flight  of  stone  steps  leading  down  and  under  the 
bridge  to  the  ravine.  On  the  east  side  a  rock  gar- 
den has  been  built  at  the  foot  of  the  ste|)s,  a  foun- 
tain dripping  down  thix)ugh  the  plants  and  rocks 
with  a  pool  at  the  bottom.  A  beantiful  i>ark  is 
located  to  the  west  of  the  main  driveway  fiom 
Ifoxborough  drive  extending  from  Roxborougli 
drive  to  Douglas  drive.  The  slopes  at  the  sides 
of  tlie  driveways  and  to  the  w^est  and  north 
sides  of  the  property  will  be  planted  in  shrub- 
bery with  herbatia  beds  at  intervals.  The 
))lateau,  or  lower  level  at  the  bottom  of  the 
ravine,  will  be  laid  out  in  gardens  with  small 
lake,  or  lily  i>ond,  fed  fi'om  a  creek  which  runs 
through  this  ])art  of  the  premises.  Ru.stic  stei)s 
leading  to  same  have  been  constructed  from  the 
upper  plateau.  The  grounds  when  completed 
will  be  one  of  the  finest  in  the  city. 


Heating, Ventilation  and  Mechanical  Equipment 
of  New  Government  House 


By  RICHARD  RUPPEL 


HEATING  SYSTEM. 

For  the  generation  of  steam  required  for  the 
heating  of  the  building  and  domestic  steam  us- 
age there  is  installed  in  tlie  basement  tv\'o  hori- 
zontal return  tubnlai-  boilers  and  one  vertical 
tubular  ])oiler  for  domestic  steam  service  during 
the  non-heating  i)oriod.  This  arrangement  lend- 
ing itself  to  the  most  economical  method  for  the 
production  of  steam  under  varying  demands. 

The  heating  plant  also  furnishes  steam  to  the 
greenhouses,  stable  and  caretaker's  quarters,  by 
means  of  an  underground  conduit. 

The  heating  system  for  the  uuvin  building  is 
what  is  known  as  a  two-pipe  up  feed  steam  cir- 
culating system.  Direct  radiation  being  provid- 
ed in  the  rooms,  consisting  of  cast  iron  surfaces, 
in  the  master's  quartei-s  the  direct  radiation  is 
supplemented  by  indii'ect  re-heater  stacks  lo- 
cated in  the  basement,  and  thennostatically  con- 
irolled  from  individual  rooms.  These  indirect 
stacks  acting  as  a  sup))lementary  measure,  in 
the  ))reheating  of  the  air  recjuired  for  ]iroper 
ventilation.  (See  ilescriptiou  under  sul)-section 
entitled  Ventilation). 

The  decorative  scheuie  worked  out  by  the 
Architect  in  connection  with  the  radiators  has 
uuule  possible  the  elimination  of  much  of  the 
inornate  effect  usually  produced  by  even  the 
most  cai-efully  worked  out  pattern  of  radiators. 
]n  order  to  cliiiiiiiate  the  unsightliness  of  valves 


on  the  main  floor,  moreover,  to  localize  the 
trouble  and  to  eliminate  the  inconvenience  of 
mechanics,  the  controlling  valves  are  all  located 
in  the  basement  for  the  first  floor  radiation.  In 
like  manner  the  controlling  valves  for  all  rising 
lines  are  similarly  located  in  the  basement. 

The  piping  arrangement  has  been  laid  out 
with  the  utmost  regard  for  simplicity,  oombine<l 
with  the  most  efficient  method  of  distribution; 
and  generally  under  the  control  of  the  o[)erating 
force  from  the  basement.  All  condensation 
from  the  heating  system  is  carried  back  to  an 
automatic  ]ramp  and  receiver,  wliei-e  it  is  de- 
livered to  the  boiler  for  re-eva|x»ration. 

BOII.ERS. 

Each  of  the  two  horizontal  tubular  boilers  are 
78  inches  in  diameter  by  18  feet  long  and  have 
;<  rated  capacity  of  160  H.P.  each.  The  shells 
are  suspended  from  a  gallows  frame  consisting 
of  8-inch  diameter  cast  iron  columns  1  3-8  inch 
thick  sui)i>orting  a  i)air  of  15  inch,  60  lb.  T-beams, 
in  the  front  and  rear  sections.  By  this  method 
of  support  the  entire  weight  of  the  boiler  is 
thrust  upon  the  columns;  and  the  brick  work 
merely  acting  as  an  enclosure  for  the  setting. 
For  uniforndy  distributing  the  load  at  the  'base 
cf  each  of  tlie  four  colunms  there  is  installed  a 
re-enforced  concrete  grillage  consisting  of  one- 
inch  Ransome  bars,  set  on  ,6  inch  centres  in  both 
directions  and  located  in  the  upper  and  lower 


rOhTB  C0CHE31B. 


FRONT   VIEW  FROM   BAST. 


45 


46 


CONSTRUCTION 


eections  of  the  sliih  for  tension  and  compression 
resi)e<^tively.  Tlie  o.\|K)se<l  walls  are  fneed  with 
white  enameled  lioiit  hriek,  the  top  beiiif?  paved 
over  with  e<)ninu>n  har<l  burnt  brick  and  finished 
with  2  inch.  S.")  per  cent.  inaf>nesia  blocks.  The 
furnace  and  all  parts  actinl  u[H)n  by  fire  are  lined 
with  No.  1  fire  brick  set  so  as  to  be  easily  re- 
movable. The  fronts  are  made  of  cast  iron  witli 
iwo  firinj;:  an<l  two  ash  pit  doors  for  eacli  boiler. 
For  the  convenience  and  economical  operation 
of  the  boilers  tbe  l)ri<'k  work  is  stayed  by  means 
of  ()  inch  cast  iron  buek-stays.  The  whole  set- 
ting beinj;-  made  as  com{)act  as  the  limited  space 
assigned  for  the  boilers,  made  necessary. 


be  observed  that  the  arrangement  is  such  as  to 
reduce  tlie  pressure  of  the  live  steam  to  that 
practical  for  domestic  steam  usage ;  through 
pressure  reducing  valves.  Jn  like  manner  the 
reduction  of  i)ressure  is  affected  for  the  distri- 
bution of  steam  for  the  heating  i)laiit.  Hy  this 
arrangement  it  is  possible  under  light  load  con- 
dition to  function  steam  for  heating  pur|M)ses  in 
mild  weather  at  or  below  atmospheric  pressure. 
The  exhaust  steam  from  auxiliarj'  apparatus, 
such  as  |)unips,  compressors,  etc.,  is  made  avail- 
able for  heating  j)urposes  by  the  introduction  of 
back  pressure  valves  and  oil  extractoi's;  so  that 
there  is  no  wastage  of  steam  in  any  part  of  the 


STATE    DINING     HOD.M — ONTARIO'S     NEW    GOVEKNMENT     HOISE 

Tlie  liorizontal  return  tubular  boilers  are 
e(|uipped  with  the  necessary  fixtures  including 
two  safety  valves  for  each  boiler,  one  of  the  pop 
safety  type,  the  other  of  the  lever  type;  feed, 
drain,  blow  oflf,  and  other  (X)nnectionis  complete, 
and  tlie  necessary  gauges,  etc.,  for  the  satisfac- 
tory o])eration  of  the  plant. 

The  an-ans>eiiient  of  the  coal  bunker  in  rela- 
tion to  the  firing  space  and  the  removal  of  ashes 
has  been  made  most  convenient  for  the  operat- 
iiiii'  force. 

By  refen-ing  to  the  basement  plan  and  more 
yiarticulai'ly  the  piping  in  the  boiler  room,  it  will 


l)lant,  or  of  any  condensation,  which  is  all  ar- 
ranged to  be  brought  back  to  the  boilers.  It  is 
likewise  ]tossible  to  bring  back  all  of  the  con- 
densation used  for  domestic  purposes  as  cook- 
ing, etc.,  during  the  non-heating  period. 

THERMOSTATIC   SYSTEM. 

This  system  essentially  consists  of  dia- 
phragmatic regulating  valves  controlling  the 
?>team  supply  to  the  radiators  from  a  thermostat 
located  in  the  various  rooms.  A  metallic  ele- 
ment capable  of  certain  ranges  of  adjustment 
within  predeteiTuined  temperature  readings, 
controls    the    supply  of  air   to  the   diaphragm 


CONSTRUCTION 


47 


valves  and  by  its  contraction  releases  the  press- 
ure on  the  diaphra,i>-iii  and  penuits  the  additional 
supply  of  steam  made  necessary  by  the  drop  in 
temperature.  By  this  arrangement  it  is  possible 
to  keep  the  temperature  in  the  rooms  within  1 
deg.  of  the  predeterniineil  temperature. 

A  small  electric  driven  compressor  automatic- 
ally maintains  a  ])rossure  of  15-ll)s.  in  a  storage 
tank  locateil  in  tlie  basement  for  constantly  con- 
trolling these  various  diaphragms'  supply 
valves. 

HEATING  GREENHOUSES,  CARETAKER,  ETC. 

These  buildings  are  heated  by  means  of  live 


(3)  Exhaust  ventilation  independently  oper- 
ated for  all  of  the  bath  and  toilet  rooms. 

(4)  P]xhaust  ventilation  for  the  laundry,  kit- 
chen and  serving  pantries.. 

SUPPLY    VKXTILATION. 

For  furnishing  an  adecjuate  sujjply  of  fresh 
air  in  the  i^ooms  enumerated  under  system  No. 
I,  there  is  installed  in  the  basement  a  complete 
supply  ventilating  eciuipment  consisting  of  air 
temi)ering  stacks,  air  washer,  heater  stack, 
humidifier  (under  construction)  and  variable 
sjieed  blower.    From  the  dischar^'e  of  the  blowei 


steam  connections  run  underground  in  a  con- 
crete conduit  to  a  hot  water  converter  from 
whence  the  liot  water  ])iping  distributes  hot 
watei'  as  a  circulating  medium  to  the  various 
radiating  surfaces,  the  condensation  from  the 
converter  being  returned  back  to  the  boiler  room. 

VENTILATING  SYSTEM. 

The  ventilation  is  essentially  sub-divided  into 
four  systems. 

(1)  Supply  ventilation  for  nil  of  the  master's 
(juarters  excepting  the  bath  rooms. 

(2)  Exhaust  ventilation  for  all  of  the  same 
rooms  mentioned  under  system  one. 


A    KECEPTION     ROOM — ONTAKIO  S     NEW     (iOVKlt.VMENT     llDr.SE. 

and  as  more  clearly  shown  on  the  basement  plan, 
distributing  ducts  lead  to  the  various  vertical 
flues  and  from  thence  to  the  register  outlets  in 
the  rooms. 

TEMPERING  STACK. 

This  apparatus  is  nothing  more  than  a  large 
heater  which  pre-heats  the  air  as  it  comes  from 
outdoors  so  as  to  maintain  a  temperature  on  the 
intake  side  of  the  air  washer,  so  as  to  prevent 
freezing  of  the  circulating  water  used  in  the 
washer.  From  the  tempering  stack  the  air  is 
passed  on,  to  the  air  washer. 


48 


CONSTRUCTION 


aia;ovk  in  ball  room. 


AIR   WASHER. 


The  function  of  this  apparatus  is  to  eliminate 
the  dust  held  in  suspension  and  incidentally  pur- 
ifies and  partially  humidifies  the  air.  A  large 
receiving  pan  for  holding  water  is  located  at  the 
floor  level.  From  this  receiving  pan  through  a 
system  of  strainers  the  water  is  i-ecirculated  by 
a  centrifugal  pump  which  discharges  the  water 
through  a  specially  designed  "rain  curtain." 
Through  this  rain  curtain  all  of  the  air  drawn  by 
the  supply  blower  must  pass  on  its  way  to  the 
distributing  systein.  In  order  to  eliminate  the 
saturated  moisture  from  passing  on,  a  system 
of  baffle  ])lates  is  encountered  by  the  air,  where 
most  of  the  moisture  is  precipitated.  Tn  order 
to  take  care  of  the  proper  heating 
of  this  large  volume  of  air,  there 
is  installed  what  is  known  as  a 
heater  stack. 

HK.\TF,R    STACK. 

In  this  apjiaratiis  tlie  air  is 
heated  aiitomatically  to  that  tem- 
perature required  for  satisfac- 
tory distribution  and  for  main- 
taining the  balanced  temperature 
of  70  (legs,  indoors  when  the 
weatlu'i-  conditions  un  the  outside 
art'  at   zei'o. 

iirMiiiii'TKn. 

K(ir  iiiaiMtaining  a  pcoper  de- 
gree of  humidity  in  the  air  deliv- 
ered l>y  tlie  supply  ventilating 
s>steiu,  tliere  is  now  under  con- 
st iiictioii  a  humidifici'  which  atito- 
matically  vaporizes  water  located 


in  a  i)an  on  the  suction  side  of  the 
supply  blower. 

SUPPLY  BLOWER. 

Foi'  the  convenience  of  com- 
pactness and  securing  the  nuixi- 
inum  economy  in  operation  there 
has  been  installed  in  the  base- 
ment, and  as  more  clearly  shown 
on  the  i)lan,  a  ninlti-vane  (or 
what  is  sometimes  termed  a  squir- 
rel-cage wheel)  wesign  ])lower. 
This  blower  has  a  caj>a('ity  of 
.')1,000  cub.  ft.  of  air  per  minute 
against  a  static  i)ressure  of  "j-H 
of  an  inch.  P'or  draining  this  fan 
there  is  provided  a  15  h.p.  belt- 
driven  motor. 

MAIN    EXHAUST   SYSTEM. 

This  equipment  consists  essen- 
tially of  a  system  of  duets  run- 
ning from  the  main  rooms  and 
connected  to  an  exhaust  fan  having  a  capacity 
of  32,000  cub.  ft.  of  air.  per  minute,  against  a 
static  pres.snre  of  5-8  of  an  inch.  A  20  h.p.  motoi- 
is  provided  for  driving  this  fan.  The  discharge 
of  this  fan  is  carried  above  the  roof  so  that  it 
does  not  in  any  way  interfere  with  the  fresh  air 
intake. 

BATH   AND    TOILET    ROOMS   EXHAUST   SYSTEM. 

Foi-  exjiausting  the  air  from  baths  and  toilet 
rooms  tiiere  is  ))rovi(led  in  the  attic  space,  an  ex- 
haust fan  having  a  capacity  of  8,800  cubic  feet 
of  air  per  minute  against  one-half  of  an  inch 
static  pressure,  belt  driven  by  a  three  horse- 
power motor.  Discharge  of  this  fan  is  likewise 
carried  above  the  roof.    This  fan  is  mounted  on 


BALL    BOOM 


CONSTRUCTION 


49 


MARBLE    MANTEL    IX    DRAWING-ROOM. 

a  cork  foundation  for  taking-  up  the  vibration. 
On  the  suction  side  of  this  fan  a  canvas  bellows 
connection  is  made  in  order  to  absorb  any  vibra- 
tion between  the  fan  and  the  duct  system. 

LAUNDRY   AND    KITCHEN    EXHAUST   SYSTEM. 

For  removing  disagreeable  odors  generated 
in  the  laundry,  kitchen  and  serving  pantries 
there  is  provided  an  independent  duct  system 
tenninating  in  an  exhaust  fan  located  in  the 
basement.  This  fan  has  a  capacity  of  six  thou- 
sand three  hundred  cubic  feet  of  air  per  minute 
against  5-8  of  an  inch  static  pressure,  and  is 
belt-driven  by  a  three  horse-power  motor. 

MOTORS. 

All  of  the  motors  are  of  the  slip  ring  design, 
with  short-circuiting  secondary  windings.  The 
larger  motors  for  the  main  supply  and  the  main 
exhaust  systems  are  {irovided  with  drum  type 
variable  speed,  non-reversible  controllers,  the 
smaller  units  being  provided  with  oil  switches. 

SEWERAGE    EJECTOR   SYSTEM. 

On  account  of  the  elevation  of  the  main 
sewer  and  the  inability  to  flow  by  gravity  to  any 
satisfactory  disposal  basin,  the  problem  of  get- 
ting rid  of  this  sewerage  became  an  important 
factor  in  the  design  of  the  mechanical  ecjuip- 
ment,  inasmuch  as  any  mechanical  contrivance 
<lemanded  absolute  reliability  of  operation  with- 
out any  intermission.  Toward  this  end  the  en- 
gineer designed  an  apparatus  wherein  none  of 
the  moving  parts  came  in  contact  with  the  sewer- 
age.   By  referring  to  tlie  detail  plan  the  method 


of  handling  this  sewerage  will  no  doubt  become 
obvious  to  the  reader. 

Briefly,  however,  the  method  is  as  follows: 
The  liquid  and  solid  matter  is  ejected  from  the 
l)ell  receivers  by  tlie  expansive  force  of  com- 
l)ressed  air.  Sewerage  gravitates  into  the 
ejector  through  a  check  valve,  and  in  doing  so 
expels  the  air  contents  of  the  ejectors  through 
the  exhaust  pipe  to  the  atmosphere  above  the 
roof.  "When  the  sewerage  has  risen  about  twelve 
inches  above  the  mouth  of  the  air  bell  the  pres- 
sure of  the  air  in  this  bell  is  transmitted  to  the 
diaphragm  of  the  jjilot  control  valve,  permitting 
a  small  quantity  of  air  to  pass  from  the  air  sup- 
ply main  into  the  base  of  the  motor  cylinder. 
This  cylindei-  being  of  a  greater  diameter  than 
the  air  admission  valve,  causes  the  piston  to 
rise  and  closes  the  exhaust  passageway,  which 
admits  air  into  the  ejector.  The  air  is  admitted 
to  the  ejector  cylinder  for  a  predetermined  in- 
terval of  time,  thereby  insuring  the  highest 
efficiency  in  operation  by  securing  the  maximum 
utility  of  the  expansive  force  of  the  compressed 
air.  When  the  air  has  completely  displaced  the 
contents  of  sewerage,  the  pressure  is  reduced  to 
less  than  that  required  to  hold  the  exhaust  valve 
to  its  seat.  The  exhaust  valve  thereupon  opens, 
admitting  the  air  exhaust  and  the  ejector  to  re- 
fill. 

The  same  cycle  of  operation  is  thereupon  con- 
tinued, excepting  that  the  apparatus  is  arranged 
in  such  a  manner  that  the  pilot  valve  of  No.  1 
ejector  will  automatically  step  in  in  case  of 
failure    on    the    jiart    of    the    other    pilot    to 


CAEN    STONE    MANTEL    PIECE    IN    STATE    BRAWING-ROOM. 


50 


CONSTRUCTION 


GOVERNMENT   HOUSE 


t  a 


BASEMENT   HEATING  AND    VENTILATPNfG   PLAN. 


i\    li.    HEAKKS,    AKCHITEIT. 


J.   BEYERS   HOLBROOK,   CONSULTING  ENGINEERS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


51 


I'AI.M    liOOM. 


function.  By  referring. to  tlie  detail  plan  it  will 
be  observed  that  the. entire  apparatus  is  com- 
pletely enclosed  in  a  steel  tank,  the  j^eneral 
arrangement  being  such  as  to  permit  ready  ac- 
cessibility to  all  parts  Avithout  coming  in  con- 
tact with  the  sewerage.  Both  steam  and  elec- 
tric driven  air  compressors  furnish  tiie  neces- 
sary compressed  air  automatically  at  all  times. 
This  system  has  been  satisfactory  in  every  way, 
there  having  been  no  interruption  in  the  service. 
The  office  of  J.  Beyers  Holbrook  was  associ- 
ated with  Mr.  Ileakes,  of  the  Department  of 
Public  Works,  for  the  design  and  supervision  of 
the  mechanical  equipments. 


STUDYING  CANADA'S  FORESTS 

The  Norwegian  (Jovernment  will  sent  out  an 
expedition  next  spring  to  the  Pacific  coast  for 
the  purpose  of  studying  the  evergreen  trees  of 
the  Pacific  coast.  The  members  of  that  expedi- 
tion will  travel  up  through  Oregon,  Washing- 
ton and  British  Columbia.  They  will  investigate 
the  forests  of  the  country  with  a  view  to  com- 
piling data  enabling  their  government  to  carry 
out  reforestation  of  the  barren  Norwegian  coast 
line  and  the  islands  there.  They  will  spend  six 
months  on  the  Pacific  coast. 


CANADA'S  TIMBER  SUPPLY 

According  to  R.  II.  Campbell,  Director  of  the 
Dominion  Forestry  Branch,  Canada's  present 
supi)ly  of  commercial  timber  has  been  variously 
estimated  to  be  between  five  hundred  and  seven 
hundred  billion  feet,  board  measure,  and  to 
cover  an  area  of  api)roximately  170,000,000 
acres.  This  estimate  of  quantity  and  area  refers 
only  to  timber  of  commercial  value  as  saw-tim- 
ber. It  does  not  include  pulj)wood,  firewood,  tie 
and  pole  material  nor  small  timber  of  any 
description,  altliougli  this  has  undoubtedly  a 
\"ery  large  cfunmercial  value. 

The  Commission  of  Conservation  is  engaged 


upon  an  investigation  of  the  forest  resources  of 
Canada,  wliich,  when  completed,  will  furnish  the 
basis  for  a  more  tu!curate  estimate  of  the  amount 
of  timber  in  the  various  sections  of  the  coimtry 
than  has  previously  been  practicable. — Conner- 
ration. 


HOW  SANDSTONES   DIFFER 

The  products  of  I'ock  decomi)osition  may  be 
reconsolidated  either  by  great  pressure  or  by 
the  injection  of  cementing  materials,  or  by  both. 
Thus  sands  are  formed  into  sandstone,  clays  be- 
come shales,  and  calcareous  deposits  yield  lime- 
stone. Aside  from  their  cementing  materials, 
sandstones  differ  in  composition  exactly  as  did 
the  sands  of  which  they  are  comi)osed.  Sand- 
stone, according  to  the  United  States  Geological 
Survey,  may  be  nearly  pure  quartz,  or  quarts 
and  feldspar,  or  quarts,  feldspar  and  mica,  and 
it  may  vary  in  texture  from  the  fine  to  t^e 
coarse. 

Some  sandstone  is  so  coarse  that  it  will  hold  G 
quarts  of  water  to  the  cubic  foot,  and  imder- 
ground  deposits  of  sndi  sandstone  form  excel- 
lent reservoirs,  which  may  yield  a  never  failing 
supply  of  water.  An  arkose  sand-stone  from  the 
quicksilver  region  of  California,  made  up  of 
granite  detritus,  was  found  to  contain  quai-tz, 
(>rthoclase,  oligoclase,  biotite,  muscovite,  horn- 
blende, titanite,  rutile,  tourmaline  and  apatite. 
In  short,  all  the  rock-forming  minerals  which 
can  in  any  way  survive  the  destruction  or  grind- 
ing up  of  a  rock  may  be  found  in  sands,  and 
therefore  in  sandstones. 


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52 


Canadian  Parliament  Building  Destroyed 


Most  Picturesque   Public  Building   in  North  America  in  Rui 


ns 


ON  the  evening  of  February  third,  when 
Parliament  was  in  session,  a  fire  com- 
menced in  the  centre  of  the  l)uilding,  to  the  rear 
of  the  entrance  tower,  sweeping  westward 
through  the  Commons  chamber,  tlie  lobby,  the 
apartments  occupied  by  members  as  recreation 
and  smoking  rooms,  the  press  rooms  and  tele- 
graph office  and  the  offices  of  the  Prime  Minis- 
ter and  leader  of  the  Opi)osition.  Later,  the 
flames  spread  eastward  to  the  Senate  wing,  leav- 
ing the  entire  building  a  heap  of  ruins  and  un- 
fortunately resulting  in  the  loss  of  seven  lives. 
It  i)recipitate<l  a  dramatic  ending  to  the  Com- 
mons sitting,  when  great  walls  of  smoke  rolled 
into  the  Chamber,  ausing  the  members  to  flee 
for  tlieir  lives,  and  in  many  instances  escape 
being  miraculous.  Evidence  since  the  fire  seems 
to  indicate  that  it  was  the  result  of  an  incendiary 
act  on  the  i)art  of  alien  foes. 

The  burned  building  was  the  Central,  the 
largest  and  most  impressive  of  the  group  of 
Gothic  buildings  comprising  the  Houses  of 
Parliament  at  Ottawa.  The  Canadian  Parlia- 
ment buildings  were  remarkable  examples  of 
twelfth  century  Gothic  architecture  of  unusual 
charm  and  beauty.  The  Central  building  was 
designed  by  Thomas  Fuller,  R.C.A.,  and  Chilion 
Jones,  and  was  opened  in  1865.  Tt  had  a  front 
472  feet  long,  with  a  depth  of  approximately 
200  feet,  and  contained  the  Chambers,  with 
their  appendages  of  lobby,  with  telegraph  and 
o.ther  public  offices  in  front  and  corridor,  with 
the  reading,  smoking  and  other  private  rooms 
for  members  at  the  back.  The  Chambers,  each 
of  which  was  47  ft.  x  88  ft.,  were  set  with  the 
long  dimensions  running  from  front  to  back. 
They  were  two  storeys  high.  The  upper  storey 
was  a  very  graceful  arcade  of  clustered  marble 
shafts  and  pointed  arches  carrying  a  sky-light 
ed  ceiling.  Behind  the  arcade  was  a  gallery  all 
the  way  round,  sul)divided  for  the  various 
classes  of  auditors,  including  the  Press,  whose 
gallerv  was  located  behind  the  Speaker.  These 
•ralleries  were  represented  on  the  ground  floor 
bv  a  coi'i-idor  surrounding  tlie  Chamber.  At 
the  front  of  the  Chamber,  that  is,  on  the  side 
lowards  fjio  fa'-ade,  the  corridor  was  extra 
wide  because  it  included  the  width  of  both  the 
"•alleries  above  find  the  passa"-e  which  was  be- 
tween the  sraliery  and  the  offices  along  +hn 
facade.  On  the  ground  floor  this  double-width 
-idor  made  the  public  lobby. 

The  length  between  the  tower  and  the  nearest 
pavilion  on  each  side,  as  shown  in  illustralions. 


lepresent  the  width  (100  feet)  devoted  to  each 
Chamber  and  its  appendages.  The  pavilion 
blocks  on  the  two  ends  contained  the  offices  of 
the  permanent  staff  connected  with  Parliameui 
On  each  side  of  the  tower  are  to  be  seen  the 
raking  windows  which  represent  a  staircase. 
This  is  the  external  manifestation  of  a  two  or 
two-and-a-half  storeyed  entrance  hall,  with  a 
great  stone  stair  ascending  on  each  side,  on  the 
right  hand  to  the  Senate  and  on  the  left  hand 
to  the  Commons.  These  stairs  landed  at  the 
lobbies  of  the  resjjective  Houses.  People  hav- 
ing business  there  entered  by  the  small  doors 
at  the  flight  of  steps  on  each  side  of  the  Vic 
torian  tower  and  ascended  by  an  elevator,  which 
was  evidently  not  working  when  the  occupants 
of  the  building  attempted  to  escape.  The  main 
entrance  was  under  the  Victorian  tower,  which 
was,  in  fact,  a  porte  cochere,  as  will  be  seen 
from  the  illustration. 

The  style  of  this  building  was  no  doubt  de- 
creed, and  was  the  fruit  of  the  Gothic  revival 
in  England  and  Sir  Charles  Barry's  success 
with  the  Palace  of  Westminster,  which  was 
nearly  completed  at  the  time  this  building  was 
commenced.     The  unifonn  and  distinctive  ma- 


53 


BASE  OF   Vir-TORIA   TOWER    WITH   THE   EASTERN    BI.OOK   SEEN   THROrO'l 
THE   PORTE   COCHERE    UNDER    IT.       PATENT   OPEICE   IN    THE    DISTANCE 


54 


CONSTRUCTION 


BASK  or  VIOTOKIA   TOWEK,   OIVINO   ALSO   A    .NliAl^Ki:    MICW    OF   THE   WIN- 
DOW   FORMS   AND    DETAILS,   AND   OF   THE    RICH    UPPER    STOREY    OF    THE 
PAVILIONS     WHICH     BOUND    THE    END    BLOCKS. 

terial  used  tluouj^hout  the  group  of  building"^ 
had  iiuu'li  to  cU)  with  tlieir  harmonious  appear- 
ance. 

The  i-ubble  walling  was  of  sandstone  from 
the  Nai)ean  quarry  near  by,  its  general  tone 
being  buff  varied  l)y  bi'igiiter  tones,  and  the  cut 
stone  work  was  of  Ohio  sandstone,  while  the 
relieving  arches  were  of  red  Potsdam  sandstone. 
Tlie  spandrels  wore  filled  with  briglit-colored 
pieces  fitted  together  in  a  i)atch-work  Mosaic. 
There  is  no  church  window  Gothic  about  the 
work  of  tlie  designer,  who  worked  freely  in  the 


style  that  .Mr.  Fuller  had  studied  and  practiced 
in  P^ngland  vviien  the  Gotliic  revival  was  in  its 
full  tide  of  enthusiastic  hope,  and  his  career  be- 
gan by  winning  tlie  compotiticm  for  the  (,/athe- 
di-al  at  Antigua.  The  FiMglish  Church  archi- 
((K't's  models  had  little  influence  upon  this 
ouilding,  which,  if  it  is  indchtcl  to  the  old  world 
at  all,  got  its  inspiration  from  the  (lothic  civic 
buildings  of  Italy  and  the  Netherlands,  where 
a  feeling  for  the  hoi-izontal  is  a  conspicuous 
characteristic  of  the  design.  The  windows  of 
the  princi})al  floor  had  a  peculiarity  in  the  low. 
springin'.r  line  about  the  middle  of  the  total  win- 
dow height,  which  materially  helped  this  hori 
zontal  etfec't.  In  a  general  way  this  building 
was  remai'kable,  in  spite  of  its  numerous  win 
dows,  with  tlieir  couplin<r  and  tracery,  for  an 
effect  of  solid  wall,  which,  particularly  in  view 
of  the  interesting  character  of  the  stone  em 
ployed,  seemed  most  a|)])ropriate. 

Sir  Robert  Borden  has  appointe;!  i\i-chitects 
Pearson  of  Toronto  and  Marcband  of  Montreal 
to  make  an  investiiiation  of  the  walls  of  the 
central  building  now  standing,  to  determine 
whother  or  not  they  could  be  used  for  the  new 
building.  The  architects  are  planning  to  use  the 
shell  of  the  old  structure  in  the  rt'-l)uilding  of 
the  new.  The  walls  are  of  gicit  thickness  and 
strength.     Practical  builders  sav  they  are  as 


TIIK     !.IHI:A]:V     WHU.-H     FORTUN.iTELY     WAS     SAVKD.        THE    VENTILATLS'i;    TOWERS     MARK     THE     CHAMBERS     OF     THE     COMMO.NS      (.NEAR)     AM) 
THE  SBN,\TE    (FAR).      RESIDENCE  OF   SPEAKER  OF  COMMONS  AT  END  OF   WING   ON   THE   RIGHT, 


*.Tr^'. 


CONSTRUCTION 


55 


good  as  ever  and  capable  of  carrying  whatever 
weight  would  be  likely  to  be  placed  on  them  in 
the  reconstruction  of  the  interior.  This  weight 
would  not  be  too  great  in  view  of  the  fact  that 
it  is  jiroposed  to  put  up  inside  the  old  walls  a 
new  framework  of  steel  and  concrete,  which 
would  carry  its  own  weight.  In  this  way  the 
Gothic  beauty  of  the  famous  facade  would  be 
preserved.  — •- 

COMPRESSIVE  STRENGTHS    OF 
MORTARS  AND  CONCRETES 

Contractors,  engineers  and  users  of  cement 
will  l)e  interested  in  a  publication  recently  is- 
sued by  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Standards 
on  the  compressive  strength  of  Portland  cement 
mortars  and  concretes. 

Concrete  (lifters  from  most  structural  ma- 
terials in  that  it  is  not  manufactured  at  a  mill 
or  plant  according  to  chemical  formula  under 
the  observation  of  skilled  specialists,  subject  to 
rigid  inspection  and  test  and  such  contiol  as  to 
produce  a  uniformly  homogeneous  i)roduct; 
nor  is  the  process  of  manufacture  completed  in 
a  few  hours  or  days,  as  in  the  case  of  steel  pro- 
ducts. Furthermore,  conci'ete  is  made  from 
materials  obtained  from  sources  diftering  wide- 
ly in  characteristics  which  affect  its  quality. 
The  proportions  of  the  ingredients;  the  amount 
of  water  used  in  mixing;  the  thoroughness  of 
mixing;  the  manner  of  placing;  the  atmospheric 


THE  CENTRAL  OR  PARLIAMENT  BUILDINGS  ON  A   WIDE  TERRACE  SHOW- 
ING THE   NIIMEROIS  AND   PARTLY   OONTINUOIS  WINDOWS   WITH    DEEP 
MOULDED    JAMBS,    AND    EFFECT    OF     SOLID    WALL     WITH     RICH     HORI- 
ZONTAL   DECORATION. 

temperature  and  humidity;  exposure  to  sun, 
rain  and  wind;  immersion  in  fresh  water,  sea 
water,  or  other  natural  solutions— all  affect  the 
(piality  of  the  concrete. 

This  pai)er  contains  tlie  results  of  some  20,000 
tests.  It  shows  the  general  effect  of  variation 
in  the  methods  of  i)reparing  the  concrete  and 
suggests  the  proper  methods  to  follow  in  order 
to  obtain  the  best  quality. 

Copies  of  this  publication,  Technologie 
Paper  No.  58,  may  be  obtained  by  application 
to  the  Bureau  of  Standards,  Washington,  D.C. 


■^^■m"^: 


THE   BrRXBD  PARLIAMENT   BlIMlINO  AT  OTTAWA   AS   IT  APPEARED  ON   THE    AFTERNOON    OF    FEB.    4,    ABOUT    SIXTEEN    HOURS    AFTER    TOR    FIRK. 


Thirtieth  Convention  of  Civil  Engineers 


rr^llK  'riiiitit'tli  Annual  Oouvention  of  the 
JL  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers  was 
h«l(l  at  flic  iioadciuartors  of  the  Society  in  Mont 
real  from  January  2oth  to  the  28th.  The  ehair 
was  owupied  by  Mr.  F.  C.  Gamble,  President. 
After  the  readinji'  of  the  minutes  a  I'esolution 
was  proposed  by  (J.  ii.  U.  Conway  and  enthusi- 
astically carried: 

"That  tliis  meeting  extends  to  Sir  .John 
Kennedy,  jiast  preslident;  Sir  Collingwood 
Schreiber,  honorary  member,  and  Sir  Alexandei- 
Bertram,  member,  its  heartiest  cxmgratulations 
upon  the  Order  of  Knighthood  recently  confer- 
red uixHi  them  l)y  His  Majesty  tlie  King.  The 
Society  also  wishes  to  place  upon  record  its  a])- 
pi-eciation  of  the  lioyal  and  i)ublic  recognition 
the  engineering  i)rofession  has  received  by  tlie 
honors  placed  uj>on  our  distinguished  members, 
who  have  always  maintained  the  highest  ideals 
of  oui-  i)rofessi(m.  We  recognize  in  the  be- 
stowal of  these  honors  the  growing  public  recog- 
nition of  the  eng'ineers'  influence  not  only  in  the 
arts  of  i^Hjace  but  also  in  the  great  ordeal  the 
Empire  is  pas'sing  through  at  the  present  time." 

This  was  acknowledged  by  Sir  John  Ken- 
nedy, who  stated  that  the  honor  was  a  recogni- 
tion of  the  engineering  profession. 

The  re])ort  of  the  Council  sihowed  that  14 
members,  (JO  associate  members,  2  associates, 
2;^  juniors  and  42  students  had  been  added  to  the 
roll  luring  the  year,  bringing  the  total  member- 
ship to  ;5,()7().  There  had  been  killed  in  France 
12  membei-s  of  the  Society.  Branches  had  been 
opened  at  Kegina  and  at  Vancouver.  It  is  pro- 
posed during  the  approa^ching  session  of  Par- 
liament to  have  a  Bill  introduced  defining  the 
term  ( 'ivil  Engineer.  Kecently  the  Soniety  has 
become  moi-e  alert  to  the  fact  that  publicity  for 
the  profesision  is  worthy  of  consideration  and 
this  1ms  been  given  some  attention.  The  finan- 
cial statement  showed  a  revenue  of  $22,07!),  an- 
i.ual  expenditure  $19,774,  leaving  a  balance  of 
$2.;?n4  on  hand. 

This  was  followed  l)y  a  report  giving  a  com- 
jiarative  statement  of  the  cost  of  maintaining 
the  Society,  winch  showed  a  ow  cost,  satisfac- 
tory to  the  mendiers. 

One  of  the  outstanding  features  of  the  con 
vention  was  the  discussion  on  the  amendments 
to  the  by-laws.  In  this  connection  Sir  John 
Kentu'dy  ma<le  some  notable  remarks.  He  em- 
phasized the  fact  that  the  main  intention  of  the 
Soci(>ty  was  educational.  Tt  could  not  be  a  trade 
union;  could  not  secure  ])Ositions  for  its  mem- 
bers and  conld  not  hold  them  in  positions.  Con- 
tinning,  he  said:  "In  many  other  ways  the 
activities  of  the  Society  cannot  be  exerted  with 
dignity.  The  revision  of  by-laws  is  a  perennial 
subject  in  all  societies,  and  so  is  the  question  of 


>maller  unit\'  within  societies.  Engineers  are 
specializing  today,  and  each  spt>cialty  has  its 
own  subjects  to  discuss,  and  this  has  at  times  lerl 
to  the  formiation  of  separate  specialized  sm-ie- 
ties  in  which  to  discuss  them.  Such  units  are 
more  pi-actical  than  the  dividing  of  a  national 
oi-ganization  intf)  ])rovincial  or  district  organi- 
zations. In  Canada,  it  is  better  to  have  one 
broad  national  society  at  present,  divided  nei- 
ther by  geographical  lines  noi-  by  sjjecialties, 
although  a  certain  amount  of  splitting  up  of  the 
activities  within  the  Society  is  inevitable  and 
desirable.  The  machinery  foi-  this  exists  to-<lay, 
in  the  various  sections  within  the  Society.  At 
the  Montreal  meetings,  the  electrical  section  has 
a  paper  one  time  on  electrical  subjetits,  the  min- 
ing section  another  time  on  mining  subjects,  etc. 
This  has  really  kept  the  Society  togeiljher,  by  en- 
abling each  to  follow  out  its  specialty,  yet  all 
meetings  have  been  attended  by  all  members  in 
general,  with  the  result  that  it  has  broadened  all 
of  our  views.  Tt  has  resulted  in  a  certain  amount 
of  overlapping,  but  even  that  is  good,  as  it  is 
desirable  to  interoliiauge  ideas.  The  raili-oad 
man,  for  example,  should  have  some  idea  of  the 
problems  encountered  by  the  waterworks  engin- 
eer, and  vice  versa.  The  Society  is  a  centre  of 
infomiiation,  and  while  none  can  expect  to  be 
advanced  individually  by  it  without  his  own 
efforts  and  worth,  yet  all  can  derive  much  beiu'- 
fit  from  it."  Sir  John  sa.id  he  had  in  his  life- 
time received  a  carload  of  books  from  the  var- 
ious societies  to  which  he  belongs,  and  that  he 
had  obtained  a  wonderful  lot  of  infonnation  of 
vaitu!  from  thein.  lie  said  that  he  hoped  the 
provincial  idea  will  not  grow  too  strong.  The 
Society's  efforts  .should  not  be  localized  too 
much.  Far  instance,  while  prou;]  of  meml)(>r- 
sliip  in  a  national  institution  like  the  l.C.E.  of 
(Jrreat  Britain,  he  would  not  care  about  belong- 
ing to  a  localized  society  of  Irish  cn'^ineers,  or 
Welsh  engineers. 

Tn  view  of  the  importance  of  this  subject  it 
was  decided  to  elect  a  committee  to  study  the 
organization  and  by-laws  and  to  advise  concern- 
in  any  necessary  changes  in  same. 

The  Poi'tland  cement  s])ecific9tions  committee 
handed  in  their  lejiort  which  was  ado)ited  as  the 
official  specifications  of  the  Society.  They  were 
ordered  printed  and  distrilmted  to  the  nu>n)ber>. 

In  the  evening  an  interesting  smoker  was  held 
iit  headquarters.  The  ])l'ant  of  Vickers  L.td.,  wa-; 
visited  on  the  morning  of  the  2(itli  and  in  the 
afternoon  the  meeting  continued.  The  report 
of  the  Committee  on  Conservation  was  given  by 
James  White  in  which  he  pointed  out  that  the 
>early  fire  loss  in  Canada  was  $35,000,000,  of 
which  $10,000,000  represented  forest  fires.  In 
part  he  said : 


56 


CONSTRUCTION 


57 


"Ck)nservation  means  niational  effioiency,  and 
perhaps  the  Commission  of  (Conservation  shonid 
iiave  been  called  the  Commission  of  National 
Kjffic'iency. 

"Snbstantial  profi:ress  has  been  made  l)y  the 
various  organizations  of  the  Dominion  and  Vm- 
vincial  (xoveniments  in  investigating  the  water 
resources  of  the  Domin'ion.  The  only  jn-ovince 
that  is  not  now  pi^ovided  with  some  form  of 
water  resourees  investigation  is  New  Bruns- 
wick, but  negotiations,  now  under  way,  will 
))robably  lead  to  some  satisfactory  arrangement 
in  the  near  future.  Manitoba,  Saskatchewan, 
Alberta  and  British  Columbia  liave  permanent 
systematic  hydrograi>hic  organizations  under 
the  direction  of  the  Minister  of  the  Interior. 
Ontario  is  gradually  being  covered  by  the  hy- 
draulic division  of  the  Ontario  TTydro-Electric 
Power  Commission.  Quebec  is  being  looked  after 
by  the  Quebec  Streams  Commission  and  the 
chief  enarineer  of  Hydraulic  Forces.  In  Nova 
Scotia  there  is  a  co-operative  agreement  be- 
tween the  Dominion  Water  Power  Bi'anch  of  the 
Departntent  of  the  Interior  and  the  Nova  Scotia 
Water  Power  Commission.  The  field  investiga- 
tions are  being  published  in  a  very  satisfactory 
form,  althou^rh  there  has  been  some  delay  in 
publishing  tlie  data    promptly,    following    the 


completion  of  the  calendar  or  water  year,  as  the 
case  may  be.  The  chief  engineers  of  the  above 
organizations  have  had  several  informal  confer- 
ences with  a  view  to  co-ordinating,  systemaitiz- 
ing  and  standardizing  their  work,  and  also  to 
facilitate  the  publication  of  the  data  in  a  uni- 
form way  and  promptly.  The  net  result  of  these 
infonnal  discussions  will  be  that,  in  the  near 
future,  Canada  will  be  completely  covered  by 
efficient  and  effective  organizations  charged 
with  the  responsibility  for  investigating,  in  the 
most  complete  and  comprehensive  manner  con- 
sistent wiht  the  dictates  of  economy,  the  water 
resources  of  the  Dominion." 

The  refiorts  of  the  Electro-Chemical  Commit- 
tee and  that  of  the  Steel  Bridge  Specification 
Committee  were  received  and  the  committees 
continued. 

President  F.  C.  Gamble  then  delivered  his  re- 
tiring address  in  which  he  said  in  the  preface : 

"The  past  year  has  been  one  of  stress  and 
anxiety.  The  British  Empire  has  been  engaged 
for  eighteen  months  in  the  greatest  struggle  in 
the  history  of  the  world  with  a  nation  which  for 
over  forty  years  has  been  unsparing  in  prepara- 
tion for  imposing  upon  the  world  by  force  its 
system  of  civilization  and  "Kultur."  Notwith- 
standing the  serious  handicap  of  unprei)ared- 


A   DINING-ROOM    IX   THE   ITALIAN    STYLE,   PANELED  THKOrGHOUT   IN    CIUCAS.SIAN   WALNUT. 

An  unusual  feature  of  this  room  Is  the  caisson  celling,  In  the  central  panel  of  which  a  family  crest  1?  wprked  into  the  design. 


58 


CONSTRUCTION 


ness  under  which  the  Empire  entered  upon  this 
war,  tlie  Hritisli  Army  under  the  unsurpassed 
guardiansliip  of  the  (irami  Fleet,  and  supported 
by  continf<ents  from  the  Overseas  Dominions, 
ha-s  witlistood  tlie  violent  attacks  of  the  enemy  in 
Flanilers  and  Framx^  with  courage  and  valour. 
It  is  not  too  optimistic  to  say  that  the  ultinuite 
end  shall  ho  the  triumph  of  British  priii('ii)les  of 
liberty  and  justice.  To  assist  loyally  in  the  task 
thus  imposed  upon  the  Empire  three  hundred 
and  sixty-tliroe  niomhors  of  our  Society  (ten  per 
cent,  of  the  total  membersiliii))  liave  given  their 
services  freely,  of  whicli  number  tliirteen  have 
so  far  ma(ic  the  supreme  sacrifice.  We  honor 
those  who  have  died  tliat  tlie  Empire  nuiy  live, 
and  extend  to  their  relatives  an  expression  of 
our  admiration  and  deepest  sympathy.  While 
tiie  memory  of  their  deeds  will  reuuiin  in  our 
liearts  as  long  as  we  live,  it  is  but  fit  and  i)ro])er 
to  connnemorate  by  a  tangible  token  tlieii-  noble 
patriotism  and  unselfish  suri'cnder  of  their  lives. 

"In  one  way  tlie  Society  has  already  marked 
its  appreciation  of  this  by  remitting  the  annual 
dues  of  members  actively  engagetl  at  the  front. 
Tliis  should  meet  with  tlie  unanimous  approval 
of  members. 

"We  have  to  mouin  the  loss  by  death  during 
the  i)ast  year  of  sixteen  members,  in<'luding 
juniors  -and  students.  Of  tliese  thirteen  were 
killed  in  action,  to  which  a  previous  reference 
has  been  made.  Of  the  others  special  mention 
should  be  made  of  the  late  Mr.  T.  C.  Keefer, 
CM. (J.,  first  and  tenth  president  of  the  Society 
and  afterwards  ironorary  Meml)er,  and  of  Sir 
Sandford  Fleming,  who  became  a  member  in 
1896,  and  was  made  an  Honorary  Member  in 
1908.  These  gentlemen  conferred  a  marked  dis- 
tinction upon  the  Society,  having  acquired  by 
probity,  eminent  ability  and  usefulness,  world- 
wide reputations.  Their  careers  must  be  an  in- 
spiration to  tlie  younger  generation. 

"There  are  many  Civil  Engineers  living  in 
the  Dominion  of  marked  ability  who  still  hold 
aloof  from  us.  These  can  only  be  induced  to 
.loin  by  raising  the  Society  to  its  proper  i)lane  of 
usefulness,  and  increasing  its  sphere  of  in- 
fluence. Solicitation  to  join  us  must  be  avoided 
as  an  undignified  and  weak  expedient.  It  is 
quality  not  (luantity  that  is  desirable.  A  most 
essential  factor  in  bringing  about  the  increase 
in  our  memborshi]),  attracting  to  us  the  most 
accomplished  Civil  P^ngineers,  is  the  firm  and 
courageous  carryins>-  out  of  "The  Code  of 
Ethics"  adopted  by  the  Society. 

"The  ])rofession  of  Civil  Engineering,  owing 
to  its  somwhat  imcertain  position,  having  no 
legal  standinsi-,  differs  from  other  professions 
which  enjoy  the  law's  protection,  and,  therefore, 
there  is  the  greatest  neces-sity  for  members  to 
practise  the  virtue  of  loyalty  to  each  other  and 
to  the  ]irofession.  Tf  each  member  realizes  his 
responsibility  in  this  respect  public  esteem  and 
confidence  will  increase. 


"The  Council  during  the  past  year  has  been 
active  in  bringing  to  the  attention  of  governing 
bodies,  Federal,  Provincial  and  Municipal,  mat- 
ters of  imix)rtance  and  intense  interest  to  tlhe 
])iofession  of  Civil  Engineers  practising  within 
the  bomids  of  the  Fmpire.  Although  no  direct 
beneficial  results  have  been  achieved  so  far,  we 
have  no  reason  to  l)e  discouraged.  In  the  com- 
ing year,  if  the  past  representations  are  firmly 
f.nd  fearlessly  i)ersisted  in,  some  measure  of 
success  will  without  doubt  attend  our  efforts. 
We  are  not  demanding  anything  unreasonable 
or  beyond  our  rights  as  citizens.  We  should  re- 
sent firmly  any  adverse  inference  to  be  drawn 
i'ram  the  continued  indifferent  treatment  meted 
out  to  the  profession  by  public  bodies  in  Canada. 
The  amelioration  of  the  disabilities  under  which 
we  labor  at  i)resent  is  one  of  our  just  demands. 

"The  Society,  thiough  the  Council,  might  well 
dire(^t  its  energies  towards  securing  the  adop- 
ti(m  l)y  governments,  for  Civil  Engineers  in  the 
public  service,  of  a  standard  of  t|ualifiL*ations 
not  short  of  that  re(piired  by  the  Society  for  As- 
sociate Members.  The  Institution  of  Civil  En- 
gineers took  this  (piestion  up  with  the  Imijerial 
(lovernment,  meeting  with  a  sympathetic  re- 
i^ponse,  and  this  Society  should  not  hesitate  to 
move  in  the  same  direction.  It  is  unfortunately 
ii  fact  that  many  positions  requiring  proper  en- 
gineering qualifications  have  been  filled  by  men 
who  have  never  had  either  engineering  educa- 
tion or  experience. 

"It  would  be  well  also  to  follow  the  example 
of  the  Institution  in  another  direction.  A  Civil 
Engineers  Appointment  Board,  while  in  no 
sense  to  be  i)art  of  or  associated  officially  with 
the  Society,  might  be  established  with  tlie  full 
s^Tupathy  of  the  Council.  The  Board  established 
in  London  on  these  lines  has  proved  useful  to 
engineering  emjjloyees  and  younger  members  of 
the  profession. 

"The  speaker  is  of  the  opinion  that  this  So- 
ciety, through  the  Council,  should  make  strong 
recommendations  to  the  Government  of  Canada 
with  recfard  to  such  of  our  members  who  are 
eminently  fitted  by  age,  attainments  and  experi- 
ence for  commissions  in  the  Corps  of  Canadian 
Engineers.  There  are  many  whose  professional 
knowledge  is  more  or  less  wasted  in  infantry 
battalions  as  officers  and  privates  at  the  present 
time.  In  England  the  Imperial  Government  has 
consulted  with  the  Institute  of  Civil  Engineers 
Vt'itli  regard  to  members  eligible  for  commissions 
in  the  Royal  Engineers,  and  the  recommenda- 
tions of  the  Institute  have  been  successful. 
AVhy  should  not  this  Society  and  the  Govern- 
ment of  Canada  work  together  in  the  same  most 
desirable  manner?" 

After  hearins>'    the    president's   address    the.^ 
meetinar  adjourned  until  10  a.m.,  Thursday,  .Tan- 


uarv 


.  o 


7th. 


In  the  eveninjr  a  dinner  was  aiven  at  the  En- 
gineer's Club,  the  visiting  members  being  the 


CONSTRUCTION 


59 


guests  of  the  Montreal  meinhers.  informal 
speeches  reflected  the  hrotherly  feeling  under- 
lying the  relations  between  all  members  regard- 
Iss  of  occasional  differences  of  opinion. 

The  amendments  proposed  by  the  Western 
members  were  defeated  in  a  decisive  manner  as 
was  shown  by  the  scrutineers'  report  on  Thurs- 
day. 

The  officers  elected  for  the  coming  year  were : 
President,  G.  H.  Duggan,  vice-president  and 
general  manager,  Dominion  Bridge  Company, 
Montreal;  Vice-president,  T.  H.  White,  chief 
engineer,  C.N.E.,  Vancouver;  Councillors,  J.  R. 
MV.  Ambrose,  chief  engineer,  Toronto  Ter- 
minals Railway  Company,  Toronto;  H.  Donkin, 
deputy  minister.  Department  of  Works  and 
Mines,  Halifax;  A.  E.  Doucet,  Quebec;  W.  J. 
Francis,  consulting  engineer,  Montreal;  E.  D. 
Lafleur,  chief  engineer.  Department  of  Public 
Works  of  Canada,  Ottawa ;  D.  0.  Lewis,  district 
engineer,  C.N.R.,  Victoria;  D.  A.  Ross,  consult- 
ing engineer,  Winnipeg;  TT.  R.  Safford,  chief 
engineer,  G.T.R.,  Montreal. 

G.  R.  G.  Conway  presented  the  following  res- 
olution which  was  seconded  by  G.  A.  Mountain 
and  unanimously  ado]ited: 

"That  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engin- 
eers, assembled  at  their  annual  meeting,  and 
including    representatives    from    all    parts    of 


Caiuida,  realizing  that  the  work  of  the  trained 
engineer  is  becoming  more  and  more  of  vital  im- 
portance foi-  the  successful  termination  of  the 
present  war,  desires  to  ])lace  at  the  disposal  of 
the  Dominion  (Jovernment  its  organization  for 
the  i)uri)ose  of  assisting  and  co-opei^ating,  by 
ovei-y  means  in  its  powei-,  in  properly  training 
competent  officers  for  the  engineering  branches 
of  the  service. 

"This  meeting  believes  that  by  the  hearty  and 
loyal  co-operation  of  the  Society,  which  its 
members  are  anxious  to  give,  the  Dominion  Gov- 
ernment would  have  available  for  advice  and 
assistance  at  all  times,  the  organized  services  of 
the  best  and  most  highly-trained  engineers  in 
Canada. 

"The  Society  would  draw  attention  to  the  fact 
that  ah'eady  about  twelve  per  cent,  of  its  mem- 
bershi])  have  volunteered  for  the  defence  of  the 
Empire,  but  feels  that  the  services  of  these  men 
have  not  been  used  to  the  best  advantage,  as 
many  of  them  have  been  drafted  into  other 
branches  of  service  than  the  engineers.  The  So- 
ciety would  impress  ujwn  the  government  the 
importance  of  requiring  that  all  engineer  of- 
ficers should  have  had  practical  engineering 
training  before  receiving  commissions." 

There  were  two  hundred  and  eighteen  mem- 
bers in  attendance,  which  was  less  than  usual. 


A    LIVI.NC-ROO.M,    EXTKNllIXi;    ACliOSS    THE    WESTEliX    END    OF    THE    HOISE.     KINI.SHEI)    IN    Bl'TTEItNUT. 

The  oak  bookcases  are  reproductions  of  the  famous  ones  of  Samuel  Pepys  which  are  now  carefully  treasured  at  Cambridge. 


hO 


CONSTRUCT/ON 


(ENSIRJCnCM 

A-  JOURNAL-  FORTHE  •  ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERING  •  AND  •  CONTRACTING 

INTERESTS  •  OF    CANADA 


th 


atuiul  and  proper  nifthod  of  obtaining  this  protection,  thcv 
>ul(l  not  (ill  i.etler  ttian  present  to  tile  Government  page  25  of 
le   current    iHsue    of    vcu-  Jdiriiil    "Constniotliiii."      TVip    wliole 


H.  GAGNIER.  LIMITED,  PUBLISHERS 

WESTON  WRIGLEY.  GENEKAL  MANAGER 
Comer  Riclimond  and  Siieppard  Streets 

Toronto  -  -  Canada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 

MONTREAL— 171  St.  James  Street 

W.  J.  Cameron,  Representative 

NEW   YORK— 10  East  43rd  Street 

A.  R.  Lowe.  Representative 


CORRESPONDENCE. — All  correspondence  sliould  be  addressed 
tn  "CONSTRUCTION,"  Corner  Richmond  and  Siieppard 
Streets.   Toronto.   Canada. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS.— Canada  and  Great  Britain,  $3.00  per  annum. 
United  .States,  tlie  Continent  and  ali  Postal  Union  countries, 
$4.00  per  annum,    In   advance.     Single  copies.   35c. 

ADVERTISEMENTS. — Clianges  of.  or  new  advertisements  must 
reacli  tlu-  Head  (iffloe  not  later  than  tihe  twenitietlh  of  the 
month  preci'ding  publication,  to  ensure  insertion.  Mailing 
date  is  on  the  tenth  of  each  month.  .Advertising  rates  on 
application. 

CONTRIBUTIONS.— The  Kdltor  will  be  glad  to  consider  con- 
tributions dealing  with  matters  of  general  interest  to  the 
readers  of  this  Journal.  When  payment  is  desired,  this  fact 
should  be  stated.  We  are  always  glad  to  receive  the  loan 
of  photo.uraphs  and  plans  of  interesting  Canadian  work.  The 
origlna.ls  will  be  carefully  preserved  and  duly  returned. 

Entered  as  Second  Class  Matter  In  the  Post  Office  at  Toronto, 
Canada. 


FRASER  S.  KEITH 


EDITOR  AND  MANAGER 


Vol.  IX     Toronto,  February,  1916     No.  2 


UNFAIRNESS  OF  ARCHITECTURAL 
COMPETITIONS 

In  the  last  issiio  of  Coxstki'ction  feference 
was  made  on  tlie  editoi-ial  paj>e  to  tlie  ridiculous 
eironlar  issued  by  an  Ontario  school  board,  call- 
iii.i''  upon  architects  to  conipete  for  a  possible 
pi-ize.  In  this  connection  a  letter  was  received 
from  :\li-.  F.  S.  Baker,  architect,  of  Toronto, 
ill  whicli  he  says: 

,  Your  editorial  in  the  current  number  of  "Construction."  head- 
er! ,\  Kich  Prize,"  and  referring  to  the  adverti.sement  of  -i 
.^chon  committee  in  an  (mi;.-i<,  town,  for  designs  for  a  new 
school  building,  which  you  call  a  joke,  is  really  a  very  serious 
matter  for  the  architects  of  Ontario,  and  should   not  be  lightlv 


isseH    ovfr. 


,,      ,,  •  -   "^   ..ghtly 

On     tlK*    sa'ne    liJfe    ynn    reii'irt    the    <•«..■■,■    simnle 

and   dignified    legislation    by    which    the   architects   of    the    State 

.New    \„rk   hive   sueeeede.l    in    piotecling  themselves   against 

'  "'      uicient  and   noble  art  of  archi- 


.r 


of  th. 


such   atrcK-iiius  belittling 
tecture. 

If    the    a'-ehitects    i>f   (Intariii    wish    t. 


lature    of    Ontario    absolute-evidence    of    the%"ey°ne?lssVtv*'of 
proper  protection   for  the   title   "architect"   in   Ontario?  and   the 


matter  is  there  set  out  in  a  nutshell,  and  for  my  part  per- 
sonally, 1  again  urge,  as  I  have  urged  on  numerous  occasions, 
the  deHlrabillty  of  the  Ontario  .\s.soclation  of  Architects  tajting 
Immediate  and  ilellnlte  steiw  to  place  the  i>ix>feHsfon  Ir.  Ontario 
at  least  on  a  par  wllh  surrounding  I'rovlnces  and  States  nearly 
ali  of  which  have  row  olit.iined  protection  for  the  title  of  our 
honorable   profession. 

In  this  country  we  are  in  the  habit  of  accepting  the  rulings 
of  mii  rities,  i"'il  with  all  ilue  resi)e';t  to  the  no  doutit  good 
Intentions  and  genuine  arguments  from  their  point  of  view  put 
forward  by  those  members  of  the  profession  who  object  to  anv 
form  of  government  control.  1  submit  that  the  time  has  come 
when  common  sense  ami  the  safeguarding  of  our  inherent 
rights  demand  that  immediate  action  be  taken  to  place  our- 
selves in  the  position  that  we  have  undoubtedly  earned  through 
the  years  of  bard  work,  involving  many  sacrifices,  which  has 
brought  the  architecture  of  Ontario  up  to  the  .standard  which  to- 
day exists, 

I  am  taking  the  liberty  of  sending  a  copv  of  this  letter  to 
the   President  of  the  Ontario  .Xsswiatlon  of  Architects, 

The  ai-chitects  have  it  in  their  own  hand.s  to 
make  it  imi)ossihle  foi-  a  com|)etition  to  take 
l)lace  untler  the  circumstances  referred  to,  by 
absolutely  refusinjr  to  have  anything  to  do  with 
anything-  of  that  nature.  There  is  evidently  not 
the  greatest  co-oi)ei-ation  nor  the  closest  spirit 
of  unanimity  among  the  members  of  the  archi- 
tectural profession.  This  accounts,  to  some  ex- 
tent at  least,  for  the  fact  tliat  advantage  is  taken 
of  the  individual  architect  who  is  not  in  sym- 
pathy and  hainiony  with  his  confreres. 

A  suggestion  was  made  regarding  c<)m])eti- 
tions  by  a  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Tn.stitute  of  Brit- 
ish Architecits,  wlio  proposed  that  members 
should  be  free  to  submit  designs  in  competition 
where  regulations  are  drawn  up  by  a  jirofes- 
sional  adviser  of  standing — who  shall  also  act 
as  assessor — ^when  the  amount  to  be  expended 
is  not  less  than  one  liundred  and  twenty-five 
thousand  dollars.  The  number  of  competitors 
should  be  narrowed  down  to  .say  six,  each  of 
whom  should  receive  a  premium  of  not  less  than 
say  five  hundred  dollars  (to  be  increased  on  a 
sliding  scale  in  proportion  to  the  amount  to  be 
exjjended).  This  reduction  might  be  arrived  at 
through  some  such  means  as  (1)  a  preliminary 
competition  with  only  rough  pencil  sketches  to  a 
small  scale  (one  plan  of  each  floor,  one  section 
and  one  perspective  sketch);  (2)  an  inspe<'tion 
of  existing  buildings  or  photogra])hs  of  build- 
ings by  intending  com])otitors;  or  (."])  by  ballot. 
Then  each  of  the  six  competitors,  being  guar- 
anteed a  ))remium,  should  develop  his  desi.gn 
more  elaborately  for  the  final  competition.  It 
was  further  suggested  that  if  a  competition  were 
called  for  involving  a  smaller  sum  it  be  ignored 
by  all  architects,  unless  say  not  more  than  three 
named  ai-chitects  be  invited  to  compete  and  a 
jiremium  paid  to  each. 

There  never  was  a  better  time  for  the  archi- 
tects of  Canada  to  obtain  recognition  than  at 
the  present.  The  po}mIar  mind  is  filled  with 
the  idea  of  public  safety  in  building  retpiire- 
ments,  and  it  is  obvious  that  a  proper  recogni- 
tion of  the  architects  and  the  establishment  of 
a  proiier  status  will  have  an  effect  for  good  in 
this  direction.  It  will  require,  however,  a 
united  effort  calling  for  closer  co-operation  by 
the  architects  than  tliey  have  apparently  been 
willing  to  adopt  in  the  past. 


CONSTRUCTION 


61 


OUR  NATIONAL  LOSS 

There  are  two  redeeming  features  to  the 
calamity  which  overtook  this  comitry  wlieu  the 
classic  central  building  of  the  Canadian  Pariiu- 
nient  group  at  Ottawa  was  desti-oyed  by  fire 
on  the  evening  of  February  the  third  with  its 
tragic  loss  of  life.  One  is  the  safety  of  the 
architecturally  unique  library,  with  its  price- 
less historic  volumes.  The  other  is  that  a  similar 
loss  will  not  occur  again.  The  new  building  will 
l)e  made  absolutely  fireproof  in  every  detail.  If 
the  lesson  has  been  learned — and  there  is  every 
reason  to  believe  it  has— there  will  be  nothing 
inflammable  about  the  building  to  be  erected  to 
take  tlie  place  of  the  one  now  in  ruins,  except 
perhaps  some  of  the  equipment,  so  that  a  fire 
started  would  be  confined  to  the  room  of  its 
oi-igin.  Advantage  should  be  taken  of  the  oc- 
casion to  make  the  other  buildings,  and  parti- 
cularly the  library,  as  nearly  fireproof  as  pos- 
sible, even  if  it  means  tearing  out  a  large  part 
of  the  interior,  and  the  further  precaution  of 
installing  complete  sprinkler  systems  would 
do  much  to  prevent  the  eastern  and  western 
buildings  from  sharing  a  like  fate. 

It  takes  just  such  a  sledge-hammer  blow  as 
this  to  awaken  the  consciousness  of  those  in 
responsible  places  to  a  realization  of  the  neces- 
sity of  safeguarding  the  lives  of  those  who  work 
or  congregate  in  public  buildings.  That  the 
blow  should  come  by  the  destruction,  accom- 
panied by  loss  of  life  of  the  most  important  ]Hib- 
lic  building  in  Canada,  makes  the  lesson  all  the 
more  severe,  yet  all  the  more  likely  to  produce 
beneficial  results. 

By  a  strange  evolution  of  circumstances  the 
Commission  of  Conservation,  created  by  the  Do- 
minion I'arliament,  and  working  under  its  juris- 
diction, with  head<puirters  at  Ottawa,  is  at  pres- 
ent engaged  on  the  problem  of  drafting  a  stand- 
ard building  law  for  the  whole  of  Canada.  It  is 
little  short  of  criminal  that  the  enormous  fire 
losses  in  this  country  have  reached  such  en- 
ormous proportions.  The  economic  waste  is  ap- 
palling. During  the  past  five  years  the  fire  loss 
has  averaged  twenty-three  million  seven  hun- 
dred and  twenty-two  thousand  two  hundred  and 
forty-six  dollars  a  year,  of  which  at  least  sev- 
enty-five yier  cent,  is  the  result  of  yiei'sonal  care- 
lessness. The  total  charges  attributable  to  fire 
losses  and  maintenance  of  fire  protection  amount 
to  foi'ty-five  million  dollars  i)er  annum,  which  is 
six  dollars  for  every  man,  woman  and  child  in 
this  country,  or  thirty  dollars  for  every  family. 
There  is  amjile  food  for  serious  reflection  for 
Canadians  in  the  fact  that  Canada's  fire  loss 
per  capita  is  five  times  greater  than  tliat  of  any 
European  country.  This  is  a  tremendous  handi- 
cap in  our  competing  in  the  world's  markets  for 
world  business.  Canada  cannot  afford  to  con- 
tinue on  in  this  way,  burning  up  her  resources, 
groat  though  they  are,  when  by  the  exercise  of 


proper  precaution  the  loss  could  be  largely 
avoided.  Particularly  at  this  time  should  the 
lesson  be  brought  home  with  striking  force  to 
everyone. 

Heretofore  the  Commission  of  Conservation 
has  proven  itself  to  be,  as  Mr,  White,  its  deputy 
head,  stated  at  the  recent  convention  of  the 
Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  a  "Com- 
mission of  EflBciency."  In  the  drawing  up  of 
standard  building  laws  for  the  Dominion  the 
Commission  has  an  opportunity  of  performing  a 
public  service  greater  than  any  it  has  yet 
achieved.  Obviously  one  standard  cannot  meet 
all  requirements,  but  a  high  standard,  with  the 
predominant  idea  in  view  of  safety,  will  meet 
with  universal  support.  The  opinion  of  the  best 
architects  in  the  country  should  be  secured;  in 
fact,  a  Commission  composed  of  eminent  archi- 
tects should  be  chosen  to  collaborate  with  the 
present  Commission  towards  this  end.  If  such 
were  done,  and  the  standard  recommended  by 
the  Commission  adopted  by  the  enactment  of  a 
Dominion  statute  compelling  Municipal  Govern- 
ments to  maintain  the  standard,  or  standards,  as 
outlined,  human  life  would  he  better  safeguard- 
ed, with  the  resultant  possibility  of  a  large  part 
of  the  enormous  fire  loss  done  away  with. 


CANADA  PAYS  THE  PENALTY 

An  analysis  of  the  fire  losses  in  Canada  dur- 
ing 1914  discloses  some  interesting  conditions. 
This  statement  substantiates  and  verifies  the 
charge  that  carelessness  is  the  cause  of  seventy- 
five  per  cent,  of  Canada's  fire  loss. 

It  would  naturally  be  expected  that  the  great- 
er number  of  fires  would  be  in  factories  using 
power  or  fires  for  manufacturing  processes, 
and  where  accumulations  of  shavings  and  other 
waste  are  exposed  to  fire  from  friction,  spon- 
taneous combustion,  or  other  causes. 

Such  is  not  the  case.  By  far  the  greater 
number  of  fires  were  in  buildings  in  which  none 
of  these  risks  occur.  Factories  contributed 
only  59  fires ;  various  mills  onlj-  12 ;  laundries, 
5 ;  engine  houses,  1 ;  machine  shops,  3 ;  sawmills. 
12;  foundries,  2;  while  ])ower-houses,  black- 
smith shops,  canneries  and  others  had  a  clean 
record. 

Against  this  and  constituting  a  I'ocord  which 
should  be  a  disgrace  to  any  eountrj-,  were  676 
fires  in  dwellings,  138  barns  and  stables,  384 
stores,  46  hotels,  44  business  sections  and 
blocks,  26  warehouses,  18  offices,  11  schools  and 
colleges  and  29  sheds. 

Some  of  the  causes  of  the  fires  were :  Electri- 
cal defects,  55;  lamps  and  lanterns,  20;  defec- 
tive and  overheated  stoves,  furnaces  and  chim- 
neys, 113;  sparks  from  chimneys,  41;  candles, 
etc.,  6;  ashes,  8;  matches,  69;  cigar  and  cigarette 
stubs,  15 ;  defective  gas  appliances,  21 ;  oil 
stoves  upset  and  exploded,  13;  spontaneous 
combustion,  18. 


Architectural  Digest 

Articles  of  More  Than  Passing  Interest  From  Our  Contemporaries 


THE    AMERICAN     BUILDER. 

It  is  a  fe'iial  pleiisiii'f  lo  be  wUli  yim  uml  have  an  Appontuiilty 
lo  spi'uk  lu  the  builders  who  are  KUtherea  here,  auu  nt  is  a 
IMiviiene  anil  an  honor  lo  represent  the  Anienican  liiMLltul*'  <>1 
.•«rchitects  on  tills  occasion,  j- rom  the  derivation  oi  this  word 
liie  iircliiteoi  is  a  master  builuer,  and  you  also  luave  been  called 
iimster  builoers;  and  yet  neither  oi  us  can  really  lay  claims  to- 
day to  that  tiile.  It  18  possible,  ihough  iioit  probable,  that  in 
the  past,  wluii  the  buildins  operations  were  simpler  man  they 
are  lo-a«y,  there  may  have  oeen,  here  and  there,  Inuividuals 
who  were  JustilleU  in  calUns  tlK-msilves  master  builders;  men  of 
imaslnaUion  to  ueallBn  anil  plan,  and  knowledne  lo  coiiHtru<:t  and 
execute,  but  to-day  no  one  man  can  penoriii  ail  this.  Co- 
operation IS  the  keynote  of  the  work  which  jointly  we  brniK  to 
lompletion.  Competition  and  strite  there  will  be  also;  the.se 
have  ilieir  places  and  must  aiwa.v.s  exlsi;  but  it  ils  co-operation, 
the  unselllsn  worklnj,'  tOBether,  not  competuion  and  slrile,  the 
seilish  sUusKle,  which  should  control  and  harniJiiize  our  work. 
We  are  nicmbera  of  one  great  oriiaiiizaition.  Labor,  the 
strength  and  the  skill  of  hand  which  realiizes  our  visions;  ad- 
mliiilHiration,  the  executive  ability  which  organizes  all  the  In- 
tricate machinery;  vision  which,  with  quiickeneil  imagination, 
conceivis  the  whole,  'these  three  are  all  essential  to  building, 
and  unless  all  play  their  part  and  do  their  share  no  work  will  be_ 
even   appro.\]inia.tely    (lerfect. 

'tile  architect  sUiniis  In  a  peculiar  position  of  resi>oiisimlity 
and  trust,  lie  is  employed  and  iiaid  by  the  one  who  jirovides 
the  capital  for  the  undertaking,  but  Ivis  dut'les  and  responsibili- 
ues  toward  the  bmiUler  are  eciually  exacting.  There  was  a  (ime, 
not  .so  long  ago  either,  when  the  jirchitect  contented  hiinselt 
with  making  a  few  drawings  and  a  sketchy  specilicatlon,  and 
relli'd  on  a  builder  in  whom  he  had  contldeiice  and  who  was 
familiar  with  the  oftice,  to  supidy  what  was  lacking  in  plans 
and  spe<-itlci)jtions.  If  an  owner  desired  competitive  bids,  none 
was  invited  to  bid  but  those  who  knew  the  office  and  what  it 
ixpii-tcd,  and  w.nild  ligure  accordingly.  (>(>casionally  an  owner 
might  Insist  that  a  builder  outside  this  favored  group  should 
ligure.  and  possibly  he  iniglit  be  sulHcieirtly  simple-minded  to 
ligure  oiilv  what  was  .shown  on  plans  and  called  (oi-  in  the 
specilicatioiis.  'I  bus  he  miight  win  the  contract.  Wln-ii  the  work 
was  linished  and  liiis  losses  counted,  he  would  wisely  forget 
Ihein.  and  make  friends  prolltable  lor  the  future.  You  all  know 
these  things  as  well  as  I.  Von  all  know  those  comfortable 
blankeii  clauses  under  which  the  architect,  generally  ignorant 
or  incomiietent,  sought  to  prote<!t  himselt.  The  city  of  Boston, 
in  this  case  the  owner,  not  the  architect,  had  at  one  time  in  Us 
contract  not  only  the  usual  provision,  .so  that  anything  that 
apjieared  either  in  the  plans  or  in  the  speciHcations  was  in- 
cluded, but  also  a  provision  that  everything  necess;uy  to  carry 
out  the  full  lintent  and  meaning  of  the  building,  whether  or  not 
it  was  eallr<l  for,  was  included.  The  owner  and  the  architect 
were  the  sole  judges  to  decide  what  was  covered  under  this 
clause,  and  the  contractor's  only  chance  was  that  the  city 
would    not   enforce  such  an   agreement. 

In  all  such  matters  of  right  and  of  wrong,  of  Justice  and  of 
fair  plav,  the  architect  has  had  a  very  serious  duty  to  perform, 
and  it  is  onlv  of  recent  years  that  the  profession  gener-ally  has 
rtalized  its  'resiionsiiWlity.  Toward  the  owner  tlie  architect 
iieeessarilv  assumes  a  position  of  trust.  He  is  on  his  honor  to 
see  that  tile  money  put  in  his  hands  is  exjiended  wisely.  It  is  no 
easv  task,  for  economical  building  is  dutflcult.  Toward  the 
buiider  the  architect  has  still  graver  duties,  because  less  clear- 
iv  delined,  and  because  be  is  here  iierformiiig  a  service  paiid 
lor.  not  bv  the  builder,  iiut  by  the  owner.  Vet  he  must  many 
times,  ill  holding  tlie  balance  true,  give  his  opinion  against  the 
owner  and  for  the  builder.  There  are  times,  too,  when  he  ought 
to  give  his  judf^ment  for  tile  builder  and  against  himself.  How 
often  the  ;irchi>ect  has  failed  in  those  grave  duties  you  know- 
as  well  as  1.  If  to-day  architects  are  more  fully  alive  to  their 
responsibilities,  it  is  the  tirst  step  toward  discharging  them, 
and  they  will  turn  to  the  builders  for  help.  Not  one  of  us  can 
work  well  without  the  help  of  others.  It  is  builders,  not  other 
architects  who  will  help  us  to  make  our  drawings  complete  and 
accurate,  our  speciticafc.ons  correct  and  in  aceord  with  the  best 
modern  methods  and  practice.  Half  our  troubles  are  eliminated 
by  complete  and  accurate  documents  on  whicli  to  base  the  con- 
tract. 

Co-oiiei-.ition.  tlien,  is  the  plea  which  the  institute  makes  to 
the  builders.  Trust  in  each  other  and  an  earnest  desire  to  work 
t.>gi-ther  for  the  good  of  all.  For  the  past  six  years  the  institute 
has  been  working  on  a  form  of  agreement  and  tlie  general  condi- 
tions of  the  contnu't  to  replace  that  which  was  issued  some 
iweniy-live  years  ago,  and  has  now  outlived  its  usefulness.  .\ 
llist  attempt  was  made  tliree  years  ago,  and  an  edition  pub- 
lished. The  old  or.ganization  which  joined  with  the  institute 
in  the  lirst  agreement,  the  National  .\ssociation  of  Master  Build- 
er.-;, was  no  longer  active,  and  this  first  edition  was  put  on  the 
Miarkel  with  very  little  help  or  advice  on  the  pan  of  tlie  building 
trades.  The  new  "Standard  Documents"  mdt  with  very  little 
success  and  with  a  great  dial  of  arlverse  criticism.  Some  of 
mis  was  merited,  liut  much  was  merely  ;he  result  of  misunder- 
standing. The  institute  at  once  began  a  revision,  antl  tlvis  time 
made  delinite  agreements  for  consultation  with  builders  In  vari- 
ous parts  of  the  country.  Tlie  result  is  the  agreement  and  gen- 
eral conditions  now  pulilished  which  bears  the  endorsement  of 
man.\'  strong  organizations  reiiresenting  the  building  trades.  1 
earnestly  urge  you  to  adopt  and  use  these  forms,  put  them  to 
itie  It  St.  study  and  constructivel.\'  criticize  them.  They  are  not 
complete,  are  not  perfect,  but  they  are  far  better  than  anything 
we  have  had  befiire.     Here  again  let  me  urge  co-ojieration. 

.\fter  all  co-operation  means  consideration  of  others  and  the 
reco'jmition  of  the  work  of  others.  Undei-standing  and  apjirecia- 
li  HI  ar.'  at  the  root  of  any  effective  work.  The  whole  is  greater 
than  ;iny  part;  artist,  engineer,  builder,  skilleri  mechanic  ami 
onskilltMl  hiliorer,  all  have  their  part  to  pla.\'  in  the  <*omplete 
IniUiliiig.  .Ml  ai-e  interested  and  imterdependent.  I  almost 
I'e^itat.-  to  touch  ui»on  one.  almost  the  gravest  of  our  re- 
sp'insibilitics.  Hint  tow.arcl  organized  labor.  So  long  a.s  the  labor 
uniiiiis  stand  onl\  for  their  best  ideals,  good  service  for  good 
;';iy.  .-Jliorter  hours  atid  more  ellicient  work;  things  which  make 
of  the  men  lietter  citizens,  more  fit  to  assume  and  bear  their 
share  in  tti'-  common  burden  of  government,  just  so  long  will 
the    iiniim    i- ^i\e   llie    full    support   aiifi    encouragement   of  every 


r,glit-mlnded  ciliziui.  itut  the  moment  tliis  or  any  other 
organization,  whether  of  labor  or  of  capital,  works  for  Heltlsh 
aims  and  against  the  good  of  the  community,  then  it  is  evil,  not 
good,  a  curse  and  not  a  blewsiiig.  You  know  as  well  as  1  thait 
the  great  bulk  of  the  men  who  Ixlong  t/j  the  unionH  in  the  build- 
ing trades  are  competent,  reliable  and  honest,  and  that  the 
(biiiger  lies  in  lliose  indlffiTenit  mechanics  fatally  gifted  with 
Hueiit  tongues,  whose  one  8tock-Jn-trade  i»  trouble,  and  whose 
one  object  Is  to  stir  up  strife.  Help  them  to  see  that  it  Is  not 
strife  out  co-operation  that  will  most  surely  give  labor  the 
honorable    position    to    which    it    is    entitled. 

The  architect's  position  in  all  these  reUitlons  Is  a  peculiar  one 
of  resiMinslbillty  and  trust.  His  is  a  dltllcult  position  to  fill. 
Without  the  help  of  the  builders,  it  is  impossible  to  llll  11.  On 
behalf  of  the  .Vmenican  Institute  of  .Architects  1  ask  your  help 
and  your  co-operation  In  the  great  work  which  both  of  us  have 
at  heart. — .Xddress  before  .Vnierb-an  Guilders'  Week  Congress, 
San  Francisco,  by  H.  C,  Sturgis,   rresldent  A.l..\. 


■  *  ■ 

THE  PROPER  USE  OF  MATERIALS, 

In  the  same  way  that  no  color  can  be  saiii  to  be  impossible,  so 
no  maiteriai  is  really  unsuitable  if  treated  in  the  proper  nianner 
and  used  in  the  right  pla.ce.  Hut  tliere  ils  no  choice  upon  which 
an  architect  has  to  delibt  rate  which  makes  greater  call  upon  his 
sense  of  fimess  and  apprei-iation  of  the  meaning  and  sigmlicance 
of  inanimate  things.  It  involves  a  sense  of  color  and  texture, 
iind,  when  choosing  materials  which  are  made  in  staiidaro  sizes, 
a  very   iirecise   feeling  lor  .Hcale. 

The  rage  for  variet.s'  has  produceil  n  flood  of  new  materials, 
mostly  arlilii-ial,  some  of  whu'h  establish  themselvea  perman- 
ently,  while  the  majority  disaiipear. 

Meanwhile  the  genius  Is  flmi'tng  for  himself  new  ways  of  using 
old  materials.  In  recent  years  he  has  discovered  that  it  is  pos- 
sible by  using  selected  or  mixed  cia.\'s  to  obtain  tiles  and  bncks 
of  colors  aiKl  textures  more  harm'.onious  than  the  hejiv>-  tile  or 
the  lerra-cotta  brick,  that  by  a  promiscuous  lintersiierslng  of 
tiles  with  the  brickwork  either  in  bands  or  for  arches,  or  to 
level  up  courses,  he  can  obtain  a  more  interesting  wall,  esjacial- 
\y  if  at  the  same  time  he  eliminates  the  series  of  hard  parallel 
lines  produced  b.v  the  .struck  cut  joints  of  the  pointing,  ah<l 
metrely  wipes  the  mortar  off  Hush.  He  knows  now  how  to  get 
the  most  value  out  of  the  grain  even  of  pine,  by  eschewing  paint, 
using  either  stain  or  rubbing  the  wood  with  iiine  and  varnishing 
with  Hat  varnish  to  give  it  the  pearly  grey  tone  which  is  so 
pleasing.  He  has  called  into  his  service  such  materials  as  chalk 
rock,  ijuartz  flint,  white  tiles,  a-nd  bricks  made  by  dipping  in 
white  sand  before  the  last  burning,  and  many  other  neglected 
natural  materials.  He  Hnds  uses  for  a.11  kinds  of  rejected  or  dis- 
used objects,  such  as  millstones,  cobbles,  bettposts,  lead  cisterns, 
etc.,  and  even  incorporates  with  his  fabric  i>arts  of  ancient 
buildings,  such  as  panelling,  staircases,  beams,  doors  and  carv- 
ings, to  such  an  extent  that  dealers  in  these  wares  have  sprung 
up  all  round  us. 

The  rage  for  the  antique  is  due  lo  the  excellence  of  the  work- 
m,anship,  for  everything  made  in  the  .Augustan  age  of  England, 
the  sixteenth,  the  seventeenth  and  the  eighteenth  centuries, 
when  time  was  no  consideriition  and  perfection  "the  only  weitr," 
bears  the  hallmark  of  genuine  craft  upon  lit,  and  the  material 
was  always  of  the  Hnest  and  selected  with  great  skill  for  the 
purpose  intended.  To-day  it  is  difficult  to  get  even  faithful 
copies  made  of  these  objects;  our  wooti  Is  not  usually  so  Hue  or 
so  well  seasoned,  and  the  number  of  artificers  who  take  a  pride 
in  their  work  for  its  own  sake  is  so  few,  for  the  methods  of 
Curtain-road,  with  the  ubiquitous  glue-pot  and  screw,  have  per- 
vaded the  whole  trade. 

We  have  only  ourselves  to  thank  for  all  this,  for  price  gov- 
erns these  things  entirely,  and  for  the  man  who  will  pay  there  is 
still  the  patient  worker,  with  all  his  great  tradition  behind  him 
and  a  careful  hoajd  of  selected  wood.  These  are  the  men  who 
should  he  encouraged  to  do  their  best,  and  to  school  others  to 
work  as  well,  so  that  in  spite  of  other  influences  we  may  con- 
tinue to  hold  our  lead  the  world  over. 

Hut,  however  that  may  be,  it  is  certain  that  an  intuitive  feel- 
ing for  the  medium  in  which  one  wprks  is  essential  to. the  attain- 
ment of  fine  architecture. 

Be  the  proportions  or  details  ever  so  fine,  they  lose  their 
chai-m  if  executed  in  cold,  unsympathetic  material,  or  in  other 
material  too  restless,  perhaps.  Sometimes  there  is  no  choice, 
though  normally  we  are  fortunate  in  this  countr.v  in  having  a 
very  wide  range  to  choose  from;  our  geological  formation  gives 
us  every  conceivable  variety  of  stone,  clay,  etc.,  and  our  central 
position  every  possible  timber  and  metal,  so  no  excuse  can  be 
found  for  the  incongruities  or  violent  contrasts  which  so  often 
show   themselves. 

The  ancients  undei-stood  all  this,  but  to-da.v  we  are  faced 
with  different  problems.  The  French  have  taught  us  many- 
lessons  in  modern  expression  through  new  materials,  as  in  their 
inimitable  way  of  designing  steel  girders  and  framework,  then- 
use  of  ornamentivl  lead  and  zinc  work,  etc.,  but  they  seem 
nevertheless  to  have  failed  to  keep  their  hold  on  the  old  problem 
of  harmonizing  materials  with  their  surroundings,  and  we  find 
surprising  instances  in  Which  through  want  of  this,  as  In  many 
of  their  modern  country  houses,  they  have  produced  effects  far 
from    sympathetic. 

This  is  the  sphere  In  which  our  KngUsh  domestic  aixihitects 
have  shown  their  superiority.  They  have  adopted  the  principle 
of  harmony  instead  of  that  of  contrast,  with  the  result  that  their 
worl;  is  sought  for  by  enlightened  housemakers,  not  only  at  home 
but  in  almost  every  country  where  quiet  and  restful  buildings, 
without  violent  effects  or  jarring  notes,  are  .sought  after. 

There  is  range  enough  of  new  material  here  at  our  feet  to 
please  the  most  fastidious,  though  fre<iuently  we  hear  of  great 
exercise  of  ingenuity  to  avoid  anything  new  and  draw  from  out- 
side sources  such  covoted  relics  as  old  tiles,  old  Horsham 
slates,    old    oak.    and    old    stone. 

.Mthough  this  country  i.s  rich  in  natural  building  materials, 
invention  has  been  bus.v  in  devising  new  ones,  some  of  which 
are  of  considerable  merit  ow-ing  to  the  fact  that  they  are  more 
impervious  to  atmospheric  influence  than  are  natural  materials. 
.\niong  these  we  may  mention  terra-cotta,  Carrara  ware,  faience, 
and  a  number  of  serviceable  roofing  materials,  one  advantage 
of  w-hich  is  their  extreme  lightness. 


62 


CONSTRUCT/ON 


63 


Now,  apart  from  the  axiom  which  dictates  the  use  of  local 
maiterials  wherever  possible,  we  thinl<  the  cliinate  of  this  coun- 
try is  so  versiUile  that,  to  set  gooil  effects,  materials  should  be 
used  which  leflect  these  chaiiK/ s  ami  show  evidence  of  weather 
while  retaining  their  structural  integrity.  That  involves,  for  the 
most  part,  the  use  of  natural  products  and  a  close  study  of 
their  properties.  Nature's  colors  are  never  garish,  but  must  be 
rightly  u.-ied,  and  the  texture  of  each  will  determine  the  way  in 
which  they  shall  be  worked.  It  is  painful  to  see  the  sturdy 
English  oak  with  its  large  fibre  reduced  by  machines  to  delicate 
mouldings  more  suited  to  crystalline  substances  like  marble;  the 
.same  applies  to  a  coarse-grained  stone.  It  is  equally  painful  to 
see  a  melal  run  anto  moulds  as  cast-iron  or  lead,  as  if  it  wert; 
ductile,  and  vice  versa;  also  to  see  highily-glazed,  unrespo^isive 
surfaces,  with  no  absorption  or  breathing  power,  as  it  were,  ex- 
cept where  necessary  in  exposed  positions,  or  for  radiating  light 
or  other  special  purpose;  also  for  a  plastic  material  like  plaster 
to  be  treated  like  soap  or  wax  by  pressing  it  into  moulds;  also 
the  pi-actice  of  enamelling  slate  and  iron. 

The  great  exception  to  this  general  principle  is  for  buildings 
in  Cities.  W  hile  smoke  still  refuses  to  abate  itself,  impervious 
materials  must  be  considered  for  their  brightness  and  cleanli- 
ness, and  such  materials  as  Carrara  ware  .are  likely  to  be  use<i. 
It  IS  an  unresponsive  material,  and  its  aspect  never  changes;  and 
in  that  respect  it  is  Inhuman;  incidenitally  also  these  materials 
bring  opportunities  'to  I*hilistiiies  to  do  things  they  could  not  do 
without,  such  as  the  perpetration  of  a  canary  yellow  or  chocolate 
brown  froat  on  our  sttreets.  Such  materials  necessarily  require 
the  greatest  care  in  design  .if  tliey  are  to  be  used  to  full  advan- 
tage and  effect,  but  lin  the  right  hands  they  give  the  architect 
exceptional  opportunities. 

The  Natuire  School  will  no  doubt  agree  with  all  this,  and 
possibly  even  protest  against  the  final  reservation.  i)ointing  out 
the  peculiar  bleaching  properties  of  Portland  stone  in  support  of 
their  olijection,  but  highly  conventional  buildings,  such  as  rail- 
way stations,  hospitals,  markets,  etc.,  re(|uire  special  treatment 
as  the  hygienic  considerations  predominate,  and  the  artificial 
material  fulfils  necessities  which  the  natui-al  materials  fail  to 
meet. 

A  sense  of  the  "fitness  of  things" — the  oltl  (lualification  for  a 
gentleman,  by  the  way — settles  ever.vthing.  Climate,  jio.sition 
and  purpose  will,  if  well  thought  out.  give  the  key  to  a  wise 
selection,  but  if  lignored  will  ruin  the  finest  design  ever  anx- 
ceived. — "Tlie  liuilder.  ' 


THE    WORLD'S    LOVE    OF   STONE. 

When  the  wires  Haslied  the  news  that  the  cathedral  at 
Itheims  was  destroyed,  a  protest  of  jiain  and  disaiiproval  swejit 
the  art-lovmg  wor  U.  A  short  time  ago.  Maurice  Maeterlinck 
issued  a  n)und  robi  i,  signed  by  a  multitude  of  artists  ami  archi- 
tects ill  both  Europ,-  and  America,  pleading  for  the  storied  monu- 
ments ill  stone:  and  to  tins  api>eal  a  vast  number  of  people — 
not  only  scholars,  but  simple  working  folks,  even  as  you  and  I — 
re'sjioiKiea   in   sent  mont. 

We  love  these  noble  monuments  in  stone,  because  they 
represent  the  best  work  of  heads,  hands  and  hearts  now  stilled 
for  ever.  The  unknown  barbarian  who  fired  the  Aiexandriaii 
L..brary  won  the  lasting  exeeiation  of  mankind.  And  the  soldier 
who  gave  the  order  to  bombard  the  Parthenon  lives  disgraced 
for   tills  alone. 

History  is  written  in  stone;  and  well  did  Hugh  Miller,  that 
stonecutter  who  becune  a  great  geologist,  write  his  immortal 
book,  "The  Tesitimony  of  the  Rocks." 

Stone  "^s  Nature's  own  building  material.  For  it  there  is  no 
satisfactory  substitute.  Wood,  concrete,  brick,  terra-cotta — all 
are  building  materials  of  worth  and  merit,  but  each  represents 
a  certain  use  in  itself.  I'eary  and  Cook  found  ice  a  satisfactorv 
building  material  up  to  a  certain  point,  hut  for  continual  use  it 
had  its  limitations. 

Herbert  Spencer  speaks  of  there  being  in  history  a  verv  small 
and  select  class  of  e<lucated  men  who  in  knowledge,  efficiency 
and  insight  are  beyond  the  rest  of  mankind.  All  education  is 
comparative. 

There  is  no  end  to  education.  But  in  the  very  high  and 
select  class  of  educated  men  Htrbert  Spencer  nani'ed  the  fol- 
lowing; Socrates,  Pericles,  Aristotle.  Plinv,  Michelangelo,  Leon- 
aroo  ua   Vinci,    .Alexander   Humboldt. 

It  is  no  mere  coincidence  that  each,  all,  and  everv  one  of 
these  men  were  workers  in  stone  and  all  studied  the  testimony 
of  the  rocks.  Socrates  was  a  stonecutter  bv  occupation.  He 
evolved  in  to  a  sculptor,  and  only  quitted  the  hammer  and  chisel 
to  become  the  schoolmaster  of  Athens. 

l-ericles  built  the  city  of  Athens,  the  most  beautiful  city  the 
world  has  ever  seen,  and  he  built  it  of  stone  with  the  help  of 
I'raxilteles,  Phidias  and  Ictinus,  who  were  all  artists  in  the  use 
and  manipulaition  of  stone.  Pliny,  the  Roman  soldier,  was  a  deal 
more  inter<:ste<l  in  geology  and  in  cataloguing  the  different  kinds 
of  stone  than  he  was  in  hunting  out  and  destroying  the  enemy. 
And  this  fact  was  a  taunt  levelled  at  his  good  name. 

Hut  while  the  world  has  had  a  vast  number  of  soldiers,  it 
has  only  had  a  few  men  who  ranked  in  the  class  with  Plinv 
as  lovers  of  Nature.  Aristotle  wrote  a  hundred  essays  oil 
natural  history,  and  severaJ  of  these  books  were  on  the  subject 
of  stone. 

.\ri»totle  was  the  world's  first  geologist.  He  made  lists  of 
the  various  kinds  of  stone,  and  named  them,  and  some  of  the 
names  he  supplied  still  endure. 

Michelatigelo  was  apprenticed  to  a  stonecutter  when  he  was 
fourteen  years  of  age.  When  nineteen  his  nose  was  flattened  to 
his  face  by  the  mallet  of  a  ri%-al.  He  carried  with  him  to  the 
day  of  Ifis  death  the  marks  of  the  hammer  of  hate.  The 
hammer  had  its  vogue  with  artists,  even   then. 

Every  great  man  who  does  anything  for  the  world  carries 
with  him  evidence  of  the  world's  inappreciation  and  ingratitude. 
These  are  his  credentials. 

Nevertheless,  in  the  long  run  the  hammer  is  nat  wholly  bad. 
It   trims,   embellishes,   strengthens — when    it   does  not   kill." 

.^int  Peter's,  Rome,  was  designed  by  Bramante.  The  build- 
ing had  been  going  on  for  many  years,  and  different  architects 
had  successively  changed  the  design.  Arrived  at  the  point  where 
it  became  necessary  t)  roof  the  cen^tral  mass.  Jlichelangelo  took 
up  the  work,  and  the  famous  dome  of  cut-stone  which  resulted 
is  a   monument   to  Ills  skill. 

Of  course,  he  didn't  risk  his  reputation  on  anv  single  per- 
formance. I  he  "Moses"  in  marble  in  the  church  of  St.  Pietro 
in  Vincoli  In  Rome  is  an  enduring  monument  to  the  genius  of 
this  wonderful  stonecutter. 

.,  J*'?".'*'^,*  '"  '"'^  •"David,"  housed  in  the  Chapel  of  the 
Medicis  in  Florence.  The  noble  youth  of  colossal  proportiOTi,s 
stofKl  and  challenged  th*-  seasons  for  a  century  out  of  doors. 

When  .vou  see  the  chapel  of  the  Medicis,  the  attendant  will 
allow  you  to  climb  upon  a  ladder  to  look  at  the  top  of  the  head 
of  "David,"  and  you  will  discover  that  the  statue  Is  not  finished. 


Ihe  head  is  flattened  and  shows  the  sure  signs  of  the  natural 
stratum.  Michelangelo  was  too  great  an  artist  to  obliterate 
this  mark  of  the  natural  .-itone,  as  it  once  existed  in  the  quarry. 
Michelangelo  once  said,  "In  every  block  of  stone  there  is  an 
angel,  and  the  work  of  the  artist  is  to  liberate  it." 

His  "Night"  and  "Morning"  and  "II  I»enseioso"  have  been 
an  inspiration  to  hundreds  and  thousands  of  artists.  More 
especially  have  these  heroic  figures  inspired  Rodin,  that  master 
stonecutter  of  modern  times.  No  man  has  done  more  tor  the 
lovers  ot  stone  than  Rodin.  Many  of  his  ttnest  pieces  carry  the 
Idea  of  incompleteness.  They  are  suggestions  rather  than 
linished  products.  Rodin  leaves  something  for  the  imagination. 
(Jut  of  the  rough  broken  block  emerges  a  face,  a  form,  a  hana. 
a  loot,  and  you  get  a  poem  in  stone.  No  other  medium  but 
marble  would  sufHce. 

The  inspiration  that  fired  the  brain  of  Michelangelo  was 
the  marble  of  Italy.  And  the  inspiration  of  Auguste  Rodin  was 
-Michelangelo.     .     . 

Well  could  the  mountain  say  to  mankind,  "liefore  you  were, 
I  was."  The  basis  ot  the  soil  from  which  man  gets  his  food  is 
the  disintegrated  rock.  Unlike  wood,  stone  is  comparatively 
without  limit.  The  forests  have  been  devastated,  and  the  trees, 
to  a  degree,  obliterated.  But  the  mountains  have  not  yeit  really 
been  sampled. 

Man  leaves  the  history  of  his  race  engraven  on  the  quarried 
blacks   that   form   his   home,    his  palaces  and   his  temples. 

Our  minds  naturally  revert  to  the  Jewish  Temjile  \xiv  ex- 
cellence— Solomon's.  Conceived  by  David,  it  was  put  into  opera- 
tion by  Solomon  and  took  seven  years  to  build.  Hiram,  King 
of  Tyre,  supplied  the  craftsmen,  the  cedar  wood,  and  the  stone, 
and  Solomon  lurnished  some  of  the  laborers  and  the  cost  of 
construction. 

It  was  a  noble  structure,  occupying  the  summi/t  of  a  hill, 
and  rising  like  a  pyramid  from  the  plateau — strong,  stable,  and 
secure — a  fitting  sanctuary  for  Israel's  (!od.  In  material  and 
craftsmanship  Solomon's  'J'emple  will  ever  be  associated  with 
the  noblest  and  besit. 

At  the  corner  of  Wall  and  Uroad  streets,  in  New  York  City; 
is  a  new  building  recently  erected  by  J.  P.  Morgan  &  Co.  it 
seems  like  a  siniide  little  building  compared  with  those  around 
it.  It  is  only  three  storeys  high,  lit  is  built  of  stone,  carved  anil 
cut  by  the  hand  of  artists.  The  artificial  and  the  substitute 
played  no  pant  in  the  construction  of  this  building.  It  was  the 
intent  of  the  owners  and  builders  to  erect  a  building  that  would 
endure  long  after  every  man  now  living  has  turned  to  dust. 

The  building  must  typify  honesrty,  solidity,  genuineness;  also, 
it  must  symbol  beauty.  One  material  only  could  be  used — 
stone.  In  the  finest  residences  now  being  built,  stone  and  mar- 
ble are  the  materials.  They  token  leisure,  endurance,  and  all 
that  makes  for  permanency  and  worth. 

Athens  was  a  little  city,  a  city  of  only  one  hundred  and  fifty 
thousand  people,  but  Athens  will  be  reproduced  again  and  again 
in  stone,  a  lasting  monument  and  memorial  to  the  good  taste 
and  lofty  ideals  of  the  nations. 

As  the  world's  protest  against  war  and  waste  increases,  so 
will  grow  the.  search  for  beauty  and  the  appreciation  of  the  ma- 
terials in  the  untouched  quarries  of  the  everlasting  hills. 

The  difficulties  of  handling  stone  and  carving  it  into  shapes 
of  use  and  beauty  are  too  great  for  the  average  dabster  in  art. 
Marble  can  never  be  cheap  and  commonplace.  It  will  always 
be  a  luxury — it  is  the  aristocrat  of  stone — and  it  will  ever  be  a 
chosen  medium  for  the  bodying  forth  of  the  ideals  of  the 
sculptor  and  architect. 

Isolated  monumental  efforts,  while  appealing  to  the  people 
in  degree,  do  not  have  the  same  hold  upon  them  as  beautiful 
architecture.  Stone  has  ever  been  recognized  as  th§  ideal  ma- 
terial with  which  to  build.  It  is  durable  and  dignified,  and 
lends  itself  to  its  subject  in  a  manner  that  imitation  stone  or 
concrete  never  can. 

The  Egyptians  built  for  eternity.  Their  belief  was  that  the 
present  life  was  but  a  moment  in  comparison  with  eternity — 
that  the  body  must  be  preserved  for  the  soul  to  inhabit.  And 
this  was  responsible  for  the  architecture  of  their  tombs,  the 
massive  pj'ramids  anil  temi>les  of  stone. 

While  many  many  thinly  that  ithese  huge  stone  structures  are 
not  architecture  in  its  aesthetic  sense,  one  thing  at  least  is  cer- 
tain; the  technical  perfection  with  which  these  huge  blocks  of 
stone — squared  and  polished  and  inscribed  with  complications — 
have   been    used,    has    never   been    surpassed. 

The  Chaldeans,  Assyrians  and  i*hoenicians  had  the  same  idea, 
and  their  structures  were  of  carved  stone. 

The  Greeks  developed  an  architecture  of  noble  simplicity 
and  dignity,  in  partiderived  from  the  Egyptians.  Their  earliest 
efforts  were  rough  and  coarse — huge  boulders  piled  on  top  of 
one   another. 

But  in  the  Age  ot  Pericles  Greek  architecture  attained  its 
greatest  perfection,  with  Phidias,  Ictinus  and  Callicrates  as  its 
great  master  stonecutters  and  designers.  The  Parthenon  ait 
Athens  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable  edifices  ever  built,  char- 
acterizing beauty,  grace,  harmony  and  simplicity  in  the  highest 
degree. 

The  Romans  under  Caesar  Augustus  reached  a  high  point 
in  architeoture.  "I  found  Rome  mud  and  left  it  marble,"  was  his 
proud   boost. 

Stone  and  marble  were  used  in  all  its  great  buildings — 
temples,  aqueducts,  amphitheatres,  baths,  villas,  arches  and 
monumental   pillars. 

The  mighty  ruin  of  the  Colosseum  gives  us  an  idea  of  the 
bold  and  comprehensive  spirit  that  permeated  the  stonecutters 
of  that  period.  With  the  decline  of  the  Roman  Empire  came 
the  destruction  of  much  of  this  noble  work.  Ituit  above  the 
ruins  of  empire  the  ideal  was  preserved:  as  witness  the  magnifi- 
cent piles  of  St.  Sophia,  Constantinople;  Santa  .Maria,  Cologne; 
the  Duomo,  Milan;  and  the  Cathedral  of  Mainz. 

At  this  time  the  Byzantine  period  began.  The  Church  of 
Sophia  at  Constantinople  built  by  Jusitinian.  and  St.  Mark's  in 
Venice  are  striking  examples — beautiful  examples — of  the  adapt- 
ability and  suitability  of  stone  as  an  ideal  building  material. 

Then  came  the  Gothic  style — than  which  no  other  art  has  so 
beautifully  reprofluced  flowers  and  foliage  in  stone.  Hence 
Gothic  architecture  found  its  highest  development  in  churches 
and  cathedrals.  The  Cathedrals  ot  Amiens.  Cologne,  Rheims  and 
Notre  Dame  de  Paris  excel  as  examples. 

The  Renaissance  superseded  the  Gothic.  It  was  a  revival  ot 
the  Classic  stvle  of  Rome  and  had  as  its  votaries  Michelangelo, 
Raphael  and  Bramante.  St.  Peter's  in  Rome,  St.  Paul's  in  I.,on- 
don,  the  Louvre  in  France  and  the  White  House,  Washington, 
are   in    this    styde. 

.Since  the  Renaissance  period  there  has  been  no  special  archi- 
tectural development.  The  practice  has  been  to  modify  or  de- 
velop one  of  the  prevailing  styles,  according  to  taste.  And 
the  result  of  this  mingling  ot  styles  and  clashing  of  different 
tastes  and  fancies  has  been  very  curious.  Grecian,  Roman  and 
Gothic  all  had  their  votaries.— -Elbert  Hubbard. 


Construction  News 

The  following  information  is  obtained  from  our  correspondents,  from  architects,  engineers  and 
local  newspapers.  These  items  are  published  in  our  Daily  Report  Service,  and  are  herein 
compiled  for  the  use  of  subscribers  to  the  monthly  issue  of  "Construction".  Should  any  of 
our  readers  desire  this    information  daily  we  will   be    pleased  to  submit  prices  upon   request. 


BUSINESS    BUILDINGS. 

lOI.MlltA,  ONT. — Will.  .Moser  Is  calling  teiiileis  on  a  brick 
iiiisiiieHH  block,  50  x  3s. 

TOHONTO — The  Canadian  Kank  of  t'ommeree  are  reinodel- 
liiiB   their   offlces   at   35   Kins   street   west;    cost   $12,000. 

TOHONTO — Clinton  and  Russell  have  awarded  the  following 
additional  contracts  in  connection  with  the  new  Imperial  (>.] 
hiiilding  on  Court  street:  Gla.ss.  .Joseph  I!,  Freelander  Cai., 
Urooklyn,  N.Y.;  tnarlile.  Mis.sissiiuoi  Marble  Co.:  iron  and  bronze, 
.\rcliiteotural  Hroiize  and  Iron  Works. 


CIVIL   ENGINEERING. 

CHILLIWACK,  U.C.— Tenders  will  be  called  shortly  for 
sewer  work,   to  cost  $20,000:   clerk.    V.   .1.    Brown. 

L.XOHUTE,  P.Q. — Tenders  open  for  steel  bridge  over  North 
Klver;  secretary-,  J.  11.   Jtice. 

MI.XNKDO.S.X,  MAN, — Tenders  are  open  for  the  erection  of  a 
steel    bridse:    clerk.    Herbert    Thompson. 

NA.\'Ai...t),  IJ.C. — Uhe  city  propose  erecting  a  new  st<  el 
liridge. 

NEW  GIjA.SGOW,  N.S.— The  Dominion  Government  .are  call- 
ing tenders  for  a  new  lock  gate;  plans  and  specitications  from 
I'csident   engineers   at   Toronto   and    Montreal. 

NIAGAIIA  FAU.,S — The  city  will  repair  and  install  new 
water  mains. 

TOUT  DOVER— The  Department  of  Public  Work.s  will  .'»))end 
$.'iO,000   on   harbor   Improvements. 

QI'lOltEC,  I'.Q. — The  I'roviiuial  Govern'ment  will  sjiend  five 
Miillions   on   road   improvements. 

SACIvVUjLE.  N.B. — The  town  propose  laying  new  pavements; 
cost  $20,000;  Tlvomas  Murray,  clerk. 

.ST.  JOHN.  N.B. — The  Provincial  Government  has  awarded 
Power  &  IJrewer  the  contract  to  erect  a  steel  bridge  over  the 
Waweig  River. 

.ST.  .\I.\RV.S,  N.H.— Department  of  Public  Works.  Frederic- 
ton,  N.Il.,  is  calling  tendeis  for  steel  bridge  over  Nashwaak 
lliver. 

StTDBUHY" — .V  by-law  has  been  passed  to  instal  sewers, 
waterworks   and    electric   extensions;    cost    $45,000. 

TORONTO — C.  S.  Townsend  lias  been  awarded  the  contract 
for  the  erection  of  Mount  Pleasant  road  bridge  in  concrete; 
cost  $40,000. 

WIND.SOR — Merlo  &  Ray  have  received  the  contract  to  build 
the  new  storm  sewer;  cost  $3S, 190.20. 


CLUBS,     HOSPITALS, 


THEATRES    AND     HOTELS. 

of    .Milton,    will    remodel    the 


FKHGUS.    ONT.— T.     1 ).    Hume, 
Argo  Block  into  a  picture   theatre 

HAMILTON— T.  H.  Pratt,  chairman  of  the  Mount  Hamilton 
Hospital  Board,  ha.s  recommended  an  addition  to  cost  $25,000. 

HAMILTON,  O.N'T.— -Mcl'hie,  Kelley  &  Darling  have  prepared 
plans  for  a  new  clulihouse  to  be  built  at  the  beach;  cost  $20,000. 

MONTI{I';.\L — I'.  Lajeunesse,  C.P.R.  Uuilding,  will  erect  a 
new  theatre,  for  which  he  lias  plans,  on  C>ntario  and  Orleans 
streets;   cost  $100,000. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B. — The  I>ominion  Government  propose  erecting 
a   detention   hospital   and   warehouse;   cost  $180,000. 

TOItONTO — E.  L.  Ruddy,  new  owner  of  the  Majestic  Theatre, 
will  spend  $75.0(iO  on  improvements. 

TORONTO— Eden  Smith  &  .Sons.  litO  Yonge  street,  Toronto, 
have   prepared   plans   for  a   theatrial   studio. 

TORONTO— C.  H.  Reid,  architect.  Confederation  Ute  Bldg., 
who  is  associated  with  H.  Crane,  of  Detroit,  as  architect  on 
the  new  Princess  The.atre.  is  calling  tenders  for  the  steel  work. 
The   building  will  cost  $125,000. 

V.\N<'ol'\'l'^R — .\lex.  P.antages  lias  plans  prepared  foi-  a  new 
llieatre   to  be   erected  on  Hastings  street;    cost,    $250,000. 

Wl.NNIPEG,  JIAN.^'L.  F.  .Mlard,  Strand  Theatre,  will  erect 
a  new  theatre  with  seating  capacity  of  2,000. 

WINNIPEG,  M.\N. — Commissioner  Sowton,  of  Grace  Hos- 
pital,  has  proposed  an  addition  to  cost  $30,000. 


ELECTRICAL    CONSTRUCTION. 

OTTAW'.V,  ONT.— 'Chas.  MacNab,  secretary  of  the  County 
Council,  is  calling  tenders  for  lavatory  equipment,  electric  wir- 
ing, etc.,  for  the  jail. 

HEAFORTH — Tenders  are  open  for  extensions  and  repairs  to 
the    McKeliop   Telephone    System. 


PLANTS,     FACTORIES    AND    WAREHOUSES. 

l'><.il  I.M.M.T.  B.C. — Tlie  lOsquimalt  Brewery  was  destroved 
liy    (ire;    loss   $20,000. 

HAMILTON— Kent-Garvin  Co.,  18  Catherine  street,  will  re- 
build their  factory  recently  destroyed  by  fire. 

KlNGSVir.LE— Brown-Wigle  Woollen  Mills  Co.  have  re- 
ceived concessions  from  the  town  to  erect  a  factory;  cost  $10,000. 

L.\NIG.AN,  S.\SK. — Lanigan  Creamery  Co.,  Limited,  secre- 
lar>.   \\  .  Cliailloek.  are  calling  tenders  for  a  brick  factory. 


.Mo.N'rUEAL — Work  has  started  on  the  five-storey  factory  for 
Williams  Mfg.  Co.;  cost  $BO,000. 

MONTREAIj — Bourassa  Bros.,  1495  Notre  Dame  street,  are 
erecting  a  $3,000  factory  addition. 

MONTREAl. — Heptwin  Bros.,  Long  Point,  are  erecting  a 
factory,   50  Notre  Dame  street;   cost.   $12,000. 

MONTREAl, — The  Imperial  .Munitions  Cimiriiille,.  will  erect 
a  time  fuse  factory,  to  cost  $15,000,  in  Notie  Oaiiie  de  Grace 
Ward. 

MONTREAL,— The  Imperial  Munition  Board,  .Mr.  I  ie(  arev  In- 
terested, will  erect  a  time  fuse  factory  in  Noire  Dame  de  Grace, 
lo  employ  3,000  men. 

MONTREAIj — ^The  Imperial  Munition  Board  have  eompleled 
jilans  for  a  time  fuse  factory  to  be  erected  at  Verdun,  l,ooo  x 
250    feet;    cost    $500,000. 

OTTAWA— Grant,  Holden  &  Graham  will  rebuild  their  fac- 
tory recently  destroyed  by  fire. 

PORT  DOVER,  ONT.— James  Louden  &  Hertzburg,  79  Ade- 
laide street  east,  Toronto,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  waterworks 
sy.item;    cost  $50,000. 

QUEBEC — Quebec  Abattoir  Co.  have  started  work  on  new 
plant:    cost   $35,000. 

HEGINA,  SASK. — The  Imperial  Oil  Co.  have  commenced  work 
on  their  new  million-dollar  refinery. 

SUDBURY — Sudbury  Construction  Machinery  Co.,  Limited. 
liave  plans  for  large  plant. 

SUDBURY,  ONT.— Ellis  &  Ellis,  archkects.  Manning  Cham- 
bers, Toronto,  are  iireparing  plans  for  a  large  factory,  to  cost 
$70,000. 

THOROLD— The  Ontario  Paper  Co.,  Ltd.,  have  awarded  the 
contract  for  a  new  sulphite  mill  to  the  Chicago  Bridge  and 
Iron    Works,    of   Bririgeburg. 

TORONTO — C.  Goldberg.  46  Berkeley  street,  has  plans  for  a 
factory;  cost  $3,000. 

WELLAND,    Ont.— Canada    Steel    Foundries    will    erect    new 

founory:   cost  $100,000. 

WINDSOR — The  Maxwell  .Motor  Co.,  of  Detroit,  propose 
erecting  a  large   factory   in    Windsor. 

TORONTO^The  city  is  calling  tenders  for  a  cattle  shed  at 
the  abattoir;  W.  W.  Pearse,  city  architect 

VV'ESTPORT.  ONT.— Electric  Light  and  Milling  Co.  will  erect 
a   new   plant   to  replace  that  destroyed   by   lire. 

TORONTO — National  E<iulpment  Co.,  1  Wabash  avenue,  are 
erecting  a  galvanized  iron  building;   cost  $16,000. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— The  American  Can  Co.  have  plans  for 
a  brick  addition   to  their  factory,    125x150,   to  cost   $75,000, 

TORONTO— The  Canada  Pipe  and  Steel  Co..  28  Atlantic 
avenue,  are  erecting  a  galvanized  Iron  factory;   cost  $4,000. 

WINDSOR — The  newly  incorporated  Canadian  Chalmers 
.\uto  Co.  will  erect  a  large  f<actory  in   Windsor  or  Ford  City. 

TORONTO — W.  Ijong  &  Co.  have  awarded  the  contract  on 
their  new  factory,  at  721  King  street  west,  to  W.  Essery.  Elliott 
House. 

TORONTO.— The  Canada  Metal  Co.,  Eraser  avenue,  have 
awarded  the  Ontario  Wind  Engine  Co.  a  contract  to  erect  a 
steel  shot  tower. 

TORONTO — The  Overland  Automobile  Co.  contemplate  erect- 
ing an  addition  to  the  Russell  Motor  Co.  building,  which  is  cal- 
culated to  be  three  times  the  size  of  the  present  building:  cost 
$500,000. 

TORONTO— F.  S.  Baker,  architect,  has  awarded  the  follow- 
ing contracts  on  the  new  factory  for  the  Martin  Corrugated 
Paper  Co.,  Pape  avenue:  Masonry,  H.  W.  Dancv;  carpentering, 
A.   Weller;  roofing.  Feather  &  Roadhouse. 

TORONTO — Max  Dunning,  architect.  35  Dearborn  street, 
Chicago,  has  awarded  the  contract  for  the  new  Robert  Simpson 
building  on  Mutual  street,  to  Wells  Bros.,  who  in  turn  will 
sublet  all  trades  except  the  masonry  and  reinforced  concrete 
skeleton. 


PUBLIC    BUILDINGS  AND   STATIONS. 
BURFORl^) — A  new  drill  hall  costing  $10,000  is  pioiiosed. 
BEVERLEY,  .VLTA.— A  by-law  to  erect  a  public  librarv  will 
be  voted  upon   February  16th. 

BRANTFORD — The  Department  of  Militia  and  Defence  will 
erect  a  new  drill  hall  to  cost  $75,000. 

D.-VUPHIN,  MAN. — The  Provincial  Government  will  erect  a 
new  stone  jail,   to  cost   $80,000. 

DUNDAS — R.  W.  Karch,  chairman  of  the  Building  Commit- 
tee,  is  calling  tenders  for  a  civic  storehouse. 

HALIFAX,  N.S. — Architect  S.  P.  Dumaresq  is  calling  ten- 
ders for  all  trades  to  complete  the  market  building. 

HARRISTON,  ONT.— The  town  hall,  which  was  destroyed 
by   fire,   will  be   rebuilt. 

MONTREAL — ^Tenders  are  open  for  a  civic  pumping  station 
and   pump,   to  be  erected  on  Connaught  avenue. 

MONTREAL — ^Montreal  Jockey  Club  are  building  a  concrete 
addition    to   grand   stand,    with   ornamental   ironwork    used. 

NEW  WESTMINSTER,  BJC. — Competitive  plans  are  being 
called   for  a  new  market   building. 

ORILLIA — Burk.  Horwood  &  White,  Ryrie  Building,  To- 
ronto, are  revising  plans  for  the  municipal  buildings. 

OWEN  SOUND— Foster  &  Foster,  887  Second  avenue,  are 
calling  tenders  for  a  new  county  registry  office. 


64 


CONSTRUCTION 


65 


OTTAWA— The  Department  of  Public  Works  will  erect  a  new 
addition  to  the  customs  house,  to  be  used  as  a  Senate  and  Com- 
mons chamber. 

PORT  ARTHl'R— The  Walsh  I^and  Co.  will  re-erect  the 
offlce  buildiuK  recently  destroyed  by  Arc. 

RENFREW— South  Renfrew  Agricultural  Society,  W.  E. 
Small  field,  secretarv,  propose  erecting  a  brick  machinery  hall 
to  cost  $4,000. 

ST.ANSTEAD  PL.MN,  P.Q. — lyoomi.s  &  Pakin  have  the  con- 
tract to  erect  the  new  registry  offlce;  cost  $10,000. 

TORONTO — Tlie  Dominion  Government  propose  erecting  a 
post  offlce  in  Earlscourt. 

TORONTO — A  new  bathing  station  will  be  erected  by  the 
Harbor  Board  at  Sunnyside  in  the  spring. 

TORONTO — W.  Williams,  137  Reach  aveime,  has  been  award- 
ed the  contract  on  the  temporary  post  offlce  on  Front  street; 
cost  $20,000. 

V^NCOtTVBR.  B.C. — The  fl.  N.  R'lilroad  is  calling  tenders 
on  tlie  concrete  foundation  and  pile-driving  for  the  new  station; 
architect.   F.   Tj.   Townley. 


RESIDENCES,    STORES    AND    FLATS. 

AMHERSTBl"HGH— Charlis  Hackett  is  having  plans  pre- 
pared by  J.  C.  Pennington,  architect,  of  Windsor,  for  a  new 
$6,000   residence. 

BRANDON — Doig.  Rankin  &  Robertson  will  start  work  im- 
mediately on  the  erection  of  a  new  store  building  to  cost  $75,000. 

FERGUS,  ONT.— John  Paton,  R.R.  4,  Fergus  P.O.,  is  calling 
tenders  for  a  new   residence. 

EDMONTON.  AlyTA. — G.  Race,  Indian  agent.  Edmonton, 
Alta..   is  calling  tenders  on   twenty  houses. 

LONDON — J.  H.  Wilkey,  537  Ontario  street,  has  plans  for  a 
residence;   cost   $3,500. 

■LONDON— 1\.  Dickenson.  Duchess  street,  has  plans  for  a 
brick  veneer  residence   to  cost  $2,500. 

LONDO>f — D.  C.  McNaughton  McCormick  Manufacturing  Co. 
is  having  plans  prepared  by  Watt  &  Blackwell,  architects,  for  a 
residence   to  cost  $4,500. 

MONTREAI.. — R.  McKay.  OSl  Sherbrooke  street,  has  plans 
for  a  new  residence. 

MONTRE.VT., — O.  Rnbe'ts  112  .\ddipgton  street,  is  erecting 
four   r<i«idenres;    cost   $7-000, 

MONTREAL— U.  A.  Poiement,  1396  St.  Laurent  boulevard, 
is  erecting  three  brick  veneer  residences:  cost  $4,500. 

MONTHPD.AI.. — .\.  Germain.  76  St.  Catherine  street,  is  erect- 
ing  two    residences   on    St.    Catherine    street;    cost   $5,000. 

QITBjBEC — J.  .lulien.  La  Montague  avenue,  has  started  work 
on  a  $6,000  i-esidence. 

QUEBEC — L.  Marcoux,  Marie  Louise  street,  is  erecting  a 
residence:  cost  $3,500. 

TORONTO — R.  Doherty  has  plans  for  a  $3,000  residence  on 
.Summerhill  avenue. 

TORONTO— The  Health  Department  is  calling  tenders  for 
plumbing  work  on  several  houses. 

TOROVTO — -".  \.-,.o1fi  ^9^>  Ki"9'«ton  road.  is  erectin.g  a 
Iwo-storey    brick    residence;    cost,    $2,500. 

TORONTO — .\  L.  Sanagan,  134  Balsam  avenue,  has  plans  foi- 
a  residence  on  Balsam  avenue;   cost  $4,000. 

TORONTO — J.  F.  Moore,  30  Bertmount  avenue,  is  erecting 
a   $3,000   residence   on   Silver  Birch  avenue. 

TORONTO— J.  H.  McKnight.  S8  St.  David  street,  is  erecting 
a   residence  on   .Aberdeen  avtnue;   cost  $3,000. 

TORONTO— Ellis  &  Ellis.  Manning  Chambers,  Toronto,  are 
preparing  plans  for  two  residences:  cost  $7,000. 

TORONTO — H.  B.  .Jackson.  Bracken  avenue,  has  plans  for  a 
$3,000  brick  residence  to  be  erected  on  Beech  avenue. 

TORONTO— W.  Radcliffe.  94  Leutv  avenue,  has  plans  for  a 
new  store  front  for  Hobherlins,   Limited,   Yonge  street. 

TORONTO— A.  R.  Richards,  33  Westminster  avenue,  is  erect- 
ing a  brick  residence  on  Glenholmc  avenue;   cost  $3,500. 

TORONTO— The  Reliance  Building  Corporation,  Roval  Bank 
Huildmg.  is  erecting  a  brick  residence  on  Glenmount  Park 
road;  cost  $4  000. 

TORONTO — A.  Lamantea.  S94  Oueen  street  east,  has  awarded 
J.  Allin.  119  Riverdale  avenue,  the  contract  to  erect  a  store 
and   residence  at  722  Queen   street. 

SAT'LT  STK.  MAR1E--F.  M.  Stafford  w:ll  erect  a  new  .store 
on   Cedar   street. 

SAULT  STE.  MARIE— C.  R.  Parker  is  having  plans  prepared 
for  a  two-storey  store,  2S  x  lOt)  feet,  to  he  erected  in  the  s->ring. 

WINDSOR— ..\.  B.  B^wlby  has  plans  for  a  new  bicvcle  and 
motor  cycle  store,  with  a  white  tile  front. 

WTNDSOR— Leybournc  &  Sewell.  architects,  are  calling  ten- 
ders for  the  erection  of  a  residence   for  William  Weir. 


SCHOOLS,    COLLEGES    AND    CHURCHES. 

BETHA.VY.  .M.\.\.— The  Kwi  ns  and  Hiilker  .Memorial  Church 
will  oe  erected  in   the  spring. 

BIIJCTHCLIFFE,  ONT.— The  congregation  of  St.  Nicholas' 
1  hurch  will  erect  a  new  and  larger  building;  chairman.  A.  E. 
Harries. 

CAVAN  TOWNSHIP— Secretary  T.  Newman,  Omemee,  Ont., 
1«  receiving  tenders  for  a   new   school. 

CHARLtjTTETOWN.  P  K.I  -The  Vallev  Cltv  Se<.ting  Co.. 
Dundas.  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  furniture  in  the 
.Methodist    Church. 

EAST  TORONTO — Greenwood  avenu«  Presbyterian  Church 
will   erect  a   frame   Sunday  school;    D.   M.   Ramsay,   pastor. 

GALT,  ONT.— The  Central  Presbvnterian  Church.  R  G. 
Struthers,  chairman  of  Building  Committee,  will  erect  an  addi- 
tion   to   the   church;   cost   $2,500. 

HAX.DIM'AND  TWP. — A  by-law  has  been  passed  to  erect  a 
new   school    for   S.S.    No.    2;    clerk,    .1.    HIacklock,    Cobourg;    cost 


M.\L1K,\X.  N.S. — W.  .1.  Bush  has  been  api>ointed  architect  on 
new  school  to  be  built  on  Young  street;  cost  $70,000;  chairman  of 
School   Board,    .\ckhurst. 

HAMH/rON — Gordon  Hutton,  architect,  has  been  appointed 
to  prepare  plans  for  a  four-room  addition  to  the  Robert  Laml 
School. 

HAMILTON — .\rchitect  Wardrop  Is  preparing  plans  for  a 
new    Sunday    school    for    St.    Luke's    Church,    Macauley    street; 

C.  E.   Riley,   rector, 

LAMBTON  MILLS— Ellis  &  Ellis,  archMects,  Manning  Cham- 
bers, Toronto,  have  awarded  the  general  contract  to  R.  Midgall. 
C.P.R.  Hotel,  Yonge  street,  for  the  erection  of  the  Lambton 
school, 

LONDON — The  Salvation  Army  propose  new  Interior  fixtures 
and  alterations  to  their  temple. 

MELVILLE.  SASK— The  Union  Church,  which  was  destrov- 
ed    by    fire,    will    be    rebuilt. 

MOUNT  DENNl.S— S.  B.  Coon  &  Son.  architects,  Rvrie  Build- 
ing, Toronto,  will  call  tenders  shortly  for  the  new  school;  cost 
$15,000. 

PEMBROKE,  ONT.— A  new  school  will  be  erected  in  the 
West  Ward. 

PORTAGE  LA  PRAIRIE,  MAN.— Architect  Frank  Evans,  of 
Winnipeg,  nas  prepared  plans  for  a  new  school;   cost  $50,000. 

PORT  COLBORNE^C.  M.  Sorter,  architect,  Niagara  Falls, 
is  calling  tenders  for  a  new  church  to  be  erected  at  Port  Col- 
borne:   cost  $15,000. 

QUEBEC,  P.Q. — -The  Provincial  Government  projiose  erecting 
a  noi  mal  school. 

SARNl.A — Separate  School  Board  have  awarded  \V.  I).  Shaw 
the  general  contract  on  the  new  school:  Watt  &  Ulackwell 
architects,  London:  cost  $20,000. 

STRATFORD— St.  Andrew's  congregation,  Rev.  Finlay 
Matheson.  pastor,  will  remodel  the  old  church,  to  be  used  as 
a    Sunday    school. 

SYDNEY.  C.B.— The  School  Board  will  erect  a  new  school 
on  Argyle  street  to  cost  $30,000. 

TIMMINS,  ONT.—The  School  Board,  A.  AUard,  secretary, 
will   erect   a    four-room   school. 

TORONTO— Morley  Avenue  Methodist  Church,  Rev.  R.  Hobbs. 
pastor,    contemplate   erecting  a  new   church 

TORONTO— S.  H.  Locke,  chief  librarian  of  College  street 
library,  has  recommended  a  $40,000  addiction  to  the  present  Col- 
lege  street    building. 

TX)RONTO— jC.  J.  Reid,  architect.  Confederation  Lite  Building, 
has  awarded  the  following  contracts  on  schools  for  the  R.  C. 
School  Board: 

St.  Clare's  School — S.  Young,  Jr.,  mason  work;  D.  &  M.  .1'. 
Madden,  carpentering;  Wm.  Brimblecombe.  concrete;  G.  K. 
Wilkes,  roofing:  A.  Richards,  painting;  Hepubrn  &  Dister.  struc- 
tural steel:  Fred  Armstrong  Co.,  heating  and  plumbing;  E.  F.  W. 
Salsbury,   electric  work. 

St.  Anthony's  (two-room  addition) — M.  Manley.  mason  work; 

D.  &  M.  J.  Madden,  carpentering:  Wm.  Brimblecombe,  concrete: 
A.  Matthews,  roofing:  A.  Richards,  painting;  Hepburn  &  Dister, 
structural  steel;  D.  Glynn  &  Son.  plumbing;  Thos.  E.  Regan, 
heating;  Toronto  Electrical  Co.,  electric  work. 

St.  Josepfi's  (two-room  addition) — W.  Weale  &  Son,  mason 
work;  D.  &  M.  J.  Madden,  carpentering;  Douglas  Bros.,  roofing; 
T.  J.  O'Connor,  painting;  W.  J.  Ryan,  plastering;  Hepburn  & 
Dister,  structural  steel;  Fred  .Vrmstrong  Co.,  plumbing  and 
heating:    Geo.    Beattie,    electrical   work. 

WALKERVILLE— The  First  Presbyterian  Church,  J.  M. 
loung,    chairman,    will    build    a    Sunday    school. 

WEST  FLAMBORO  TWP.— J.  A.  Armes,  architect,  6S 
Federal  Life  Bldg.,    is  calling  for  tenders  on   a   brick  school. 

WINNIPEG — Point  Douglas  Presbyterian  Church  has  been 
destroyed   by  fire;    loss  $25,000. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

D.WIDSdN,  S.ASK. — Wilkie  will  erect  a  garage  in  the  spring, 
brick  construction ;   co.st  $6,000. 

HA!M1LT(JN. — The  city  is  calling  for  the  supplies  for  the 
year  1916,  including  rubber  boots  and  hose,  stone,  asphalt, 
hardware,   etc. 

MBItRITT.  B.C.— The  Middleboro  Collieries,  Limited,  suffered 
a  $10,000  fire  loss. 

MONTREAL — The  city  is  calling  tenders  for  refined  asphalt; 
L.  N.   Senecal,  secretary. 

OTT.AW  \ — Engineer  R  L.  Hnycock  is  calling  tenders  for 
supplies  of  lead  pipe,  pig  lead,  oils,  grease,  castings  and  valves. 

TORONTO — .1.  J.  Taylor  have  received  the  conl'->ct  for  safe 
door  in  connection   with   the  Imperial  Oil  building.  Court  street. 

VICTORIA,  B.C.— C.  C.  Worsford,  engineer  of  dredging  fleet, 
is  calling  tenders  for  supplies,  including  chains,  hardware,  paints, 
valve:s,    jiiite.    etc. 

WI.NGHA.M — ().  M.  Crawford  will  erect  a  brick  garage-  work, 
l(^   SJlalt    inimedlatel,\'. 


Architects,  engineers  and  contractors  are  invited  to 
contribute  information  on  construction  work,  whether  it 
be  proposed  or  in  progress,  and  such  Information  will  be 
published  In  these  columns. 


INCREASED    B.C.    EXPORTS   TO    UNITED    STATES. 

The  annual  report  of  Mr.  R.  E.  Mansfield,  .Xnu-rican  Consul- 
General  at  Vancouver,  showing  big  gains  in  exports  from  that 
Province  to  the  United  States  during  1915,  and  Indicates  a 
much  improved  business  situation  at  the  Pacific  Coast.  The 
exports  during  1915  exceeded  by  $14.0X3,922  in  value  those  of 
the  corresponding  twelve  months  of  the  previous  year.  The 
territory  over  which  Mr.  Mansfield  has  jurisdiction  includes 
Victoria,  Fernie,  Nanaimo,  Cumberland,  Prince  Rupert  and 
Whitehorse. 


66 


CONSTRUCTION 


CLAY  PRODUCTS  ASSOCIATION  CONVENTION. 

Annual  Meetina  of  Canadian  National  Clay  Products  Association 
Held  at  Toronto. 

Over  oiii-  huniliiMl  dcleKUteH  from  various  partH  of  thi-  Do- 
niiiiiun  a-sacmlilcd  at  the  fourtetiuli  annual  convention  of  the 
raiiHillan  Natloiuil  ("lav  I'roilucts  .\Ksoeiatlon,  held  at  the  King 
Hilwani  Hold.  Toronto,  on  January  ISth,  I'Jth  and  20tli.  Ihi; 
,halr  waH  oiiuiiled  by  l're«ldent  J.  K.  FrUI.  of  the  (Jeo.  I- rid 
llriik  (.'onipanv.  l.linlled.  Hamilton,  who  gave  an  address  of 
wckome  wiilch  was  followed  hy  an  offlcial  welcome  on  behalf 
of  the  oitv  from  .Mayor  Church.  Hamilton  was>  chosen  as  the 
nlace  for  "the  i-onveiition  next  year,  ottlcers  elected  for  the 
londn!,'  year  were:  I'resliUnt.  J.  K.  l-"rl<l.  Hamilton;  J- Irst 
Vice-President  .\  K.  (ireavcs-Walker;  superinlendent  Sun  Urick 
Companv  Toronlo:  Second  Vice-President,  Tiionias  Kennedy, 
Dominion  Sewer  Pipe  Company;  Third  Vice-President,  VVm. 
liurgess.  Don  Valley  llrick  Company;  Secretary-Treasurer,  G.  C. 
Keith.  Toronto;  Councillors,  C.  II.  l.,ewis.  A.  Graham,  \\  .  Clark, 
It.  .N'.  New.  H.  Dcsjanlins,  A.  Neall.  D.  A.  Ijochrie  and  J.  S.  Mc- 
(.'annell. 

.Vt  the  Wednesday  niorninK  session  Instructive  papers  were 
delivered  l>v  \Vm.  liurKess  on  "Operating  Clay  and  Shale  IMts 
in  Canada';  J.  P.  Hvnes,  of  llynes,  Keldman  &  Watson,  on 
"llrick,"  and  Jos.  Keele  on  the  "Application  of  Salt  and  Quick 
Mnie  in   Drying  Clay   Products." 

In  the  afternoon,  W.  \V.  Pearce,  city  architect  of  Toronto, 
gave  save  an  address  in  which  he  thanked  the  clay  workers  for 
the  Information  supplied  to  him  in  compiling  data  on  bricks  to 
be  used  In  connection  with  Toronto's  building  by-laws.  Mr. 
Pearce  asserted  that  it  was  e.vtremely  (lllticult  to  obtain  neces- 
sarv  Information  on  building  materials  in  Canada  based  on 
te.sts.  asserting  that  the  aid  of  the  Government  was  needed 
In  this  respect.  He  pointed  out  that  as  a  result  of  tests  made 
he  learned  that  the  lirick  manufacturers  in  Toronto  were  as 
good.  If  not  better,  than  Ihiise  mad.'  in  the  States.  Following 
.Mr.  Pearce's  suggestion,  and  showing  the  interest  the  association 
took  In  the  matter  a  resolution  was  passed  as  follows: 

"Resolved.  That  we,  the  Canadian  National  Clay  Products 
.\ssoclation,  urge  that  the  Dominion  Government,  through  the 
Commission  of  Conservation  or  other  branch  of  the  public  ser- 
vice, extend  the  work  they  are  carrying  on  at  McGill  Univer- 
citv.  Clav  Testing  1-aboratories  at  Ottawa,  etc..  so  that  they 
can  establish  a  central  bureau  and  supply  accurate  information 
on  C;<nadian  building  materials  to  all  municipalities  retiuiring 
same." 

"Hollow  Ware  Dies,  Troubles,  How  to  Correct  Then,"  was 
llie  subject  of  an  Interesting  paper  by  K.   K.  Greaves-Walker. 

In  the  evening  a  banquet  was  held  at  the  Prince  George 
Hotel,  when  .Mr.  John  .McCannel.  of  Milton,  acted  as  toastmaster. 
The  toast.  "'Canada  and  the  10m|)lre."  was  |)roposed  by  Mr. 
.loseph  Itussell.  .M.P.I'.,  and  replied  to  by  Mr.  1).  ().  McKinnon 
and  Citv  .Architect  W.  W.  Pearse;  that  of  "Toronto"  was  intro- 
duce<l  by  Mr.  1).  .\.  Lochrle  and  Walter  Clark,  of  .Sarnia.  and 
was  replied  to  by  .\lderman  .Maguire:  that  of  "Cur  Sister 
Cities."  which  was  proposed  by  Mr.  T.  Kennedy,  was  very 
ablv  responded  to  by  Mayor  Walters,  of  Hamilton,  who  assured 
the"  delegates  that  they  would  be  welcomed  to  Hamilton,  where 
the  next  convention  will  be  held;  and  that  of  "Our  V.  S. 
Cousins"  was  jiroposed  bv  Insjiector  Millar,  and  replied  to  by 
R  W.  Donahoe.  the  editor  of  the  "Canadian  Clay  Worker." 
Trustee  Dr.  Steele,  of  the  Toronto  Board  of  Education,  gave  a 
short,    interesting  address   on    "Techn.ical   Kducation." 

t)n  Thur.sday  morning,  ("has.  A.  Miller,  inspector  of  clay  pro- 
ducts plants  uiider  the  Workmen's  Compensation  Act.  gave  an 
address  on  "Safety  in  Clay  Products  I'lants."  in  which  he  gave 
statistics  on  accidents  during  the  year  1915.  A  lively  discussion 
followed,  dealing  with   (he  companies'   relations  to  the  .-\ct. 

"The  Future  of  the  Face  Hrick  Industry  in  tJanada,"  by  F. 
K.  .Mcr'annell.  managing  director  Milton  Pressed  Hrick  Com- 
pany, illlton.  was  a  luiiier  of  great  importance  to  brick  manu- 
factureis.  The  future  ot  face  brick  depends  on  how  good  a 
(n-aduct  can  be  manufactured  at  as  low  a  cost  as  iiossihle. 
.\Ianufacturers  should  keep  an  accurate  cost  system  in  the 
plant  to  see  that  they  are  getting  the  pro|)er  amount  of  work 
in  the  different  departments  for  the  given  expenditure,  establish 
standard  methods  wherever  possible  and  form  a  central  bureau, 
employing  a  competent  man  to  look  aftt  r  credits  and  collections. 
The  discussion  hinged  largely  on  the  relative  merits  of  rough 
and  smooth-face  brick.  liough-cut  brick,  w^hich  has  been  in 
popular  favor  for  some  time,  composes  ab^iut  7.S  ]>er  cent,  of  the 
Cnited  States  face  brick.  Hut  the  death  knell  of  rough-cut  brick 
in  the  cast  has  been  .sounded.  The  fact  that  it  collects  dirt  over- 
comes Its  advantages  in  color  range,  and  it  is  not  a  brick  for 
down-town  sections.  Tlie  trouble  in  the  brick  business,  especial- 
ly in  the  States,  is  the  hohh\'  for  something  new,  different  from 
the  last  ty,te  used.  The  salesmen  advocate  a  change,  the  owner 
calls  for  something  different,  ami  the  manufacturer  loses  inoney 
because  he  cannot  use  standard  methods  and  manufacture  one 
t<iiul   straight  ahead. 

The  paper  on  "The  Clay  deposits  of  Southern  Sask;itchewan," 
was  a  report  on  the  valuable  cla\'s  of  thi\t  district,  their  occur- 
tence.  uses  and  exploitation,  by  N.  H.  Davis,  of  the  Mines 
Hranch,  Ottawa.  With  the  decreasing  supply  of  clays  in  On- 
tario and  (Quebec,  attention  naturally  turns  to  the  Western 
f*rovinces.  Have  they  a  supi>l,v  to  fall  hack  on'^  It  is  quite 
evident  from  Mr.  Davis'  paper  that  they  have.  There  is  an 
abundance  of  refractory  cla.vs  for  stone  wares  and  white  wares, 
as   well   as   for   burned   clay   products,    in    .Saskatchewan. 

Tile  afternoon  session  on  Thur.sda\'  was  given  over  princijialh' 
to  a  discussion  of  tlie  business  end  of  clay-working  iilants.  Pro- 
fessor Wiggins,  inspector  of  boilers,  gave  the  delegates  an  in- 
strtictive  address  on  the  steam  end  of  a  clay-working  i)lant;  how- 
to  overcome  waste,  increase  the  efficiency,  .and  lower  overhead 
charges. 

^Ir.  (Jreaves-Walker  read  an  instructive  paper  on  "'Clav  Pre- 
parations for  Stiff  .Mud  Products."  prepared  by  Prof.  Roy  T. 
.stuU.  ex-director  of  (^eramies.  X'niversity  of  Illinois.  A  product 
is  no  better  than  the  material  it  is  manufactured  from.  Of 
course,  a  tioor  man  may  spoil  good  material,  or  an  expert  may 
make  a  fairly  creditable  iiroduct  from  a  poor  material.  In  the 
clay  industr\-.  following  this  idea,  great  care  should  be  taken 
from  the  time  the  clay  is  mined  till  it  goes  into  the  machine,  ti 
get  a  uniftnin  gra,le  of  texture.     Prof.  Stull  advocates  storage. 

tni  Thursdav  afternoon  tin-  delegates  as  guests  of  Dr.  .\.  C. 
.MaeKa\'.  principal  of  Toiontii  'rechnieal  School,  visited  the  new 
cla\-  products  and  construction  laboratories,  where  the  machinery 
used  was  inspected.  .\  theatre  i>arty  at  Shea's  Theatre  arranged 
by  tlie  Kntertainnient  Committee,  concluded  a  very  successful 
convention. 


NICKEL   REFINERY. 

The  estubllshment  of  a  nickel  retlning  InduHtry  in  Canada 
win  be  underliiken  by  the  International  Nickel  ('ompany  on  the 
suggestion  of  the  Government.  This  will  make  Canada  inde- 
pendent of  the  I'liited  States,  which  up  to  the  pre.sent  has  ro' 
llne<l  all  the  .Sudbury  mineral. 


WORKING    BACK    TO    A    SOUND    FOOTING. 

G.  F.  lienson,  retiring  president  of  the  .Montreal  Hoard  of 
Trade,  at  tlie  annual  meeting  of  the  board,  said. 

"My  i>er8onal  experience.  In  several  lines  of  businesB  that 
have  received  no  benetlt  from  the  so-called  war  orddrs,  is  that 
commercial  and  manufacturing  business  generally  has  worked 
back  to  a  sound  footing,  due.  undoubteiily,  to  the  Improved 
business    situation    generally." 


C.P.R.     MAKES     FINE     SHOWING     IN     DECEMBER. 

Canadian  Pacillc  Railway  statement  shows  the  remarkable 
Increase  in  net  earnings  of  $3..')02,797,  or  159  per  cent.,  over  the 
corresponding  period  a  year  ago.  total  net  being  $,").702..121. 
Gross  earnings  were  $12,7U.i,873;  working  expenses,  $7,003,3.52. 
For  six  months  ended  December  31  ligures  are:  Gross  earnings, 
»Bfi, 470,164;  working  expenses,  $3fi.S4,5,977;  net  prollts,  $29,624,187, 
In  December,  1914,  net  prollts  were  $2,199,524,  and  for  the  six 
months   ended    December  31.    1914,    $19,673,576. 


QUEBEC  ARCHITECTS   MEET. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Quebec  .Association  of  Architects 
was  held  at  Quebec  Citv  on  .lanuary  ISth.  The  chair  was  taken 
hv  Mr.  Hugh  Vallance.  In  the  absence  of  President  J.  Perrauit, 
The  sKictary.  Mr.  J.  Fmile  Vanier,  in  his  report,  stated  that 
the  year  had  not  been  :i  propitious  one  on  account  of  the  war, 
and  that  the  lack  of  new  buildings  had  adversely  affected  the 
profession.  In  Quebic.  however,  the  annual  report  of  the  Quebec 
section  stated,  the  depression  had  not  been  felt  to  any  extent. 
The  association  had  lo.'*t  three  meinbers  by  death — .Mr.  R.  P.  l..e- 
may.  Mr.  David  Ouelett  and  .Mr.  A.  I.  Richardson,  the  last- 
named  being  killed  at  l.angemarcks,  and  the  association  passed 
a  special  vote  of  condolence  with  .Mr.  Richardson's  f,amily.  On 
motion  of  .'VI r.  J.  I, ebon,  seconded  by  Mr.  J.  P.  Ouellet,  it  was 
decided  to  write  the  Department  of  Public  Works,  Ottawa, 
asking  that  meinbers  of  the  association  be  employed  on  Govern- 
ment buildings  in  the  Province  of  Quebec,  and  that  the  legal 
fees  be  paid.  It  was  also  decided  that  the  association  should 
not  apply  to  the  Quebec  l^eglslature  for  charter  amendments. 
The  usual  banquet  was  not  held  owing  to  the  war,  and  the 
members  further  decided  not  to  celebrate  the  twenty-fifth  year 
of  the  association's  existence.  The  following  officers  were 
elected;  President.  Mr.  K.  U.  Staveley.  Quebec;  First  Vice- 
President,  Mr.  Hugh  Vallance.  Montreal;  Second  Vice-Presi- 
dent, Mr.  G.  .\.  Monette,  Montreal;  Treasurer,  Mr.  N.  Mac- 
Vicar.  Montreal;  Secretary,  Mr.  J.  Kmile  Vanier.  Montreal; 
Council,  Messrs.  M.  Eug.  Payette.  Frank  Peden.  .Mph.  Piche. 
H.  J.  .\sselin.  J.  l>ehon;  Delegates  to  the  Royal  .\rchitectural 
Institute  of  Canada.  .Messrs.  Josejih  Perrauit,  Alcide  Chausse,  D. 
R.  Brown.  Jos.   P.  Ouellet,  A.   Beaugreand-Champagne. 


TORONTO   BRANCH   CAN.  SOCIETY   C.   E.'S  ANNUAL. 

That  the  Toronto  hranch  of  the  Canadian  Society  of  (;ivil 
Engineers  is  in  a  nourishing  condition  was  shown  by  the  secre- 
tary's report  at  the  annual  meeting.  The  membershi])  is  now 
344^  an  increase  of  40  over  the  year  1914.  During  1915  contribu- 
tions bv  way  of  pajiers  presented  were  made  by  a  number  of 
civil  engineers,  including  Mr.  W.  .Mc.Nah,  .Mr.  T.  T.  Black,  Dr. 
J.  A.  Amyot.  Mr.  H.  S.  Van  Scoyoc  and  .Mr.  J.  A.  D.  MeCurdy. 
The  annual  excursion  of  the  branch  consisted  of  an  Inspection 
tour  of  the  construction  work  of  the  new  Welland  Ship  Canal. 
Various  reports  were  presented  by  the  different  committees 
which  had  been  appointed  earlier  in  the  year  for  this  purpose, 
and  these  reports  were  forwarded  to  Montreal  for  incorporation 
in  the  general  report  to  be  presented  at  the  annual  meeting  of 
the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers  in  Montreal  on  January 
25,  26  and  27. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  coming  year: 
President,  Mr.  G.  A.  McCarthy,  engineer  of  railways  and  bridges 
of  the  city  of  Toronto;  Secretary-Treasurer,  Prof.  .Arkley,  de- 
partment "of  applied  science  and  engineering  of  the  University 
of  Toronto.  Executive  Committee — ^Messrs.  E.  W.  Oliver,  as- 
sistant engineer  C.N.R. ;  A.  H.  Harkness,  consulting  engineer; 
A.  1j.  Mudge.  consulting  engineer,  and  H.  G.  .Acres,  hydraulic 
engineer  Hydro-Electric  Power  Commission  of  Ontario.  Dur- 
ing the  past  year  the  Toronto  branch  of  this  society  has  shown 
verv  effective  evidence  of  a  determination  to  make  the  opera- 
tioiis  of  this  branch  an  essential  part  of  the  proceedings  <f 
the    parent    society. 

RED    PINE    DEALS    REQUIRED    IN    SOUTH     AFRICA. 

.A  Durban  firm,  who  are  the  largest  lumber  importers  in  South 
.\frlca,  are  desirous  of  making  a  small  trial  purchase  of  Canadian 
red  pine  deals,  so  states  iir.  H.  R.  Ma<!.\lillan,  Special  Trade 
Commissioner,  in  a  communication  to  the  department.  The 
obiect  of  this  purchase  Is  to  determine  if  these  deals  will  be  as 
satisfactory  in  the  Durban  market  as  Swedish  deals.  The  ship- 
ment received  about  ten  years  ago  was  unsatisfactory,  and  since 
that  time  this  company  has  purchased  no  red  Canadian  deals. 
Red  Canadian  deals  are.  however,  now  readily  accepted  at  Cape 
Town,  and  should  be  quite  as  saleable  in  the  Durban  mark»t. 

This  company  wish  to  .secure  from  a  very  reputable  Cana- 
dian exporter,  ten  standards  of  red  deals,  3-inch  by  9-inch,  in 
the  usual  Canadian  assortment  of  length,  and  eoual  in  grade  to 
Swedish  No.  3.  Thev  also  wish  to  secure  ten  standards  of  red 
dal.  3-inch  bv  9-lnch.  assorted  lengths.  20  feet  and  up.  For  this 
small  shipment  they  pre  willing  to  pay  £20  per  standard  c.i.f. 
Durban,  and  will  accept  up  to  the  end  of  March  loading. 

The  shijiper  may  draw  at  sight  upon  the  company  for  pay- 
ment in  full. 

This  trial  onler.  though  small,  is  of  great  importance  )n  open- 
ing lit)  the  Durban  and  .lohannesbursr  m-irket.  and  the  firm  ex- 
porting should  write  to  this  company,  giving  information  as  ♦" 
the  possibility  of  developing  an  export  in  red  deals. 

Canadians  interested  m:iv  obtain  the  name  of  the  firm  In 
question  on  application  to  the  Department  of  Trade  and  Com- 
merce, Ottawa. 


CONSTRUCTION 


67 


IMPROVED    CONDITIONS    IN    BRITISH    COLUMBIA. 

Ill  British  Columbia  there  are  evideiioes  of  inipi'ivetl  coiuli- 
tions  in  business.  Shipbuilding  is  the  late.st  development  under 
way  at  the  Paciflc  Coast.  This  weel<  a  despatch  from  Van- 
couver stated  that  at  a  meetinK  of  manufacturers  held  recently 
it  was  decided  to  form  a  company  immediately  for  the  purjwKe 
of  buildinK  sailins  vessels,  to  be  operated  solely  in  the  lumber 
trade  of  British  Columbia.  Steamships  are  also  to  lie  puiohiisi-d 
if  thev  are  available,  with  a  view  lo  assisting  the  exportation 
of  lumber.  Capital  to  cover  the  initial  expenses  was  subscribed 
at  the  meeting,  and  an  effort  probably  will  be  made  to  get  some 
Provincial  Government  support  for  the  enterprise  by  the  guar- 
antee of  bonds. 

BILLION    DOLLAR    GRAIN    CROP. 

The  total  value  of  the  Held  crops  of  Canada  is  given  as  eight 
hundred  millions  of  dollars.  In  a  statement  issued  by  the 
census  and  statistics  branch  of  the  Department  of  Tracie  and 
Commerce.  Revised  figures  of  the  grain  crops  place  the  wheat 
yield  at  376,303,600  bushels,  as  compared  with  161,280,000  in  1014. 
The  average  yield  for  all  wheat  was  2S.!IS  bushels  to  the  acre, 
compared  with  15.67. 

The  reports  spealv  of  the  yield  as  the  most  abundant  gram 
crop  in  the  history  of  Canada.  The  quality  was  higher  than 
any  in  the  last  five  years,  and  the  price  was  ten  cents  above 
the  ciuinquennial  average.  The  wheat  crop  amounted  in  money 
to  $312,569,400,  and  the  oat  crop  to  1176,894,700.  The  three 
Prairie  Provinces  produced  342,948,600  bushels  of  wheat. 

LARGE    BOND    SALES. 

Reviewing  the  bond  mraket  of  last  year,  .Mr.  E.  R.  Wood,  of 
the  Dominion  Securities  Corporation,  tinds  that  Canada's  total 
bond  sales  for  1915  amounted  to  the  sum  of  $342,000,000,  dis- 
tributed as  follows; 

Canada     : $150,000,000 

United    States    144,000.000 

Great   Britain    48.000,000 

He  states:  Canadians  mav  well  feel  a  jiardonable  jiride  in 
having  in  1915  furnished  $150,000,000  out  of  a  total  of  $842,000,000 
borrowed  by  the  Dominion,  or  nearl.v  44  per  cen't.  Tlianks  to  our 
abundant  harvests  and  industrial  activity,  we  were  able  to  re- 
spond to  the  appeal  of  the  F'inance  Minister  last  November  and 
provide  him  with  over  double  the  $50,000,000  asked  for  as  a 
domestic  war  loan,  .\part,  however,  from  this  display  of  prac- 
tical patriotism,  the  response  to  our  ordinary  bond  offerings  by 
Canadians  has  been  very  gratifying  ,and  indicates  to  what  ex- 
tent the  country  generally'  is  saving  and  economizing. 


ANNUAL    MEETING   OF   TORONTO    BUILDERS'    EXCHANGE. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Toronto  Builders'  Exchange  was 
held  in  thei!-  ofti.?e.s  in  the  (joodyear  buiUling,  January  17,  1916. 

The  retiring  president  in  his  address  outlined  the  work  of  the 
past  year,  which  included  the  securing  of  amendments  to  the 
v'ompanies'  Act.  Kegarding  the  Boara  of  I'jou.'ation's  tenders, 
where  in  the  past  ;ill  jiarties  submitting  tenders  were  required  to 
have  a  surety  company  sign  same,  at  a  cost  of  $5.00,  for  which 
there  was  no  return,  arrangements  have  been  made  so  that  this 
will  only  Be  necessary  in  the  case  of  the  successful  bidder. 

Itefei-ence  to  the  contribution  cf  ovei  .'J7.5OO.00  by  the  Toronto 
members  to  the  recent  campaign  for  patriotic  purposes  was 
made. 

The  uniform  form  of  conti-act  arranged  by  the  Exchange  in 
co-operation  with  the  architects  is  now  in  use  throughout  the 
Dominion. 

The  honor  roll  of  those  members  now  on  active  service  was 
read. 

.\  satisfactory  financial  rejiort  was  given  by  the  treasurer. 

Delegates  from  the  Exchange  will  attend  the  annual  conven- 
tion of  the  Provincial  .Association  in  Hamilton,  February  22 
and    23. 

.\  vote  of  thanks  was  tendered  to  .Secretary  .\.  E.  Flower  for 
his   services   during   the   past  year. 

The  following  omcers  were  elected:  President.  S  R  Hughes 
First  Vice-President,  W.  E.  Dillon;  Second  Vice-President,  W. 
Davidson;  Treasurer.  .1.  .Vldridge:  heiretirv.  .\.  10.  Klower; 
Directors.  K.  .Armstrong.  E.  Gearing,  G.  Gander,  C.  Bulley,  .\. 
D.  Grant;  Auditors,  J.   Munro  and  J.  Barnes. 

Five  additional  directors,  representing  each  section  :'  the  Ex- 
change,   will   he   elected   at   a  future   meeting. 


THE    IMPORTANCE    Or     PUBLICITY    FOR    THE    ENGINEER. 

Why  should  we  engineers  be  interested  in  iiublicity?  Is 
there  good  reasons  for  departing  from  the  time-honored  jirecept 
that  our  achievements  are  sufficient  witnesses  to  'their  creator's 
ability'? 

The  countr>-  is  burdened  with  wastefulness  where  engineering 
skill  might  save  vast  sums.  For  Instance,  it  is  planned  to  spend 
a  hundred  million  dollars  on  highways  in  New  York  State  with- 
out adequate  provision  for  maintenance.  It  is  hardly  jiossible 
that  such  a  proposition  would  have  been  seriously  emtertained  if 
the  public  had  waited  for  the  opinion  of  the  engineering  pro- 
fe.ssion  before  making  a  decision.  .Again:  Recently  a  proposi- 
tion to  spend  Hfty  million  dollars  on  good  roads  in  Ohio  was 
voted  upon  without  any  preliminary  studies  or  surveys  as  to 
how  the  money  was  to  be  spent.  Had  the  proposition  been 
approved,  the  money  would  have  been  largely  wasted  under  the 
direction    of   jockeying    iioliticians. 

There  is  a  vast  national  held  for  furnishing  engineering  In- 
formation to  the  public,  which  can  be  taken  care  of  only  by  a 
permanent  naitional  Information  bureau  conduoted  by  engineers. 

We  have  technical  and  research  societies  without  number — 
ST  many  that  the  public  can  hardly  be  blamed  for  believing  that 
we  are  interested  in  material  things  only.  Perhaps  we  need  a 
national  bureau  to  conduat  and  cultivate  business  relations  with 
the  public.  Including  inter-societv  relations,  publicity,  emplov- 
ment   and    legislation. 

AM  over  the  country  there  is  a  growing  protest  against  the 
direotion  of  municipal  affairs  by  the  lawyer  and  the  politician. 
The  administration  of  municipal  business  is  largely  a  function 
of  engineering.  Why  not  enable  the  public  to  see  this  situation 
in  its  true  light  and  thereby  perform  a  public  benefaction,  as 
well  as  advance  our  own  interests'?  Positions  for  engineers 
would  increase  in  number,  and  compensation  likewise. — C.  E 
Drayer.  before  the  Engineering  Section  of  the  Chicago  Associa- 
tion of  Commerce. 


Contractors  &  Sub-Contractors 

A.s  Supplied  by  The  Architect  of  the  Building  Featured 
in  This  Issue 

THE    GOVERNMENT    HOUSE. 

Brick,  the  Don  Valley  Brick  Company. 

Boilers,    Purdy-Mansell,    Poison   Iron    Works. 

Ctrpets  and  riigii,  T.   Re  ton  Co. 

Concrete  work,   Thompson   Bros. 

Electric   fixtures,    Robt.    Simpson    Co. 

Electric  wiring  and  apparatus.   Department  of  Public  Works. 

Elevators   and   hoists,    Otis-Fensom    Elevator   Co.,    Ash-Turnbull 
Elevator. 

Flooring,  Hoidge  Marble  Co.,  I>.   S.  Lindsay,  Italian  Mosaic  and 

Marble. 
Furniture,  T.  Eaton  Co. 

Glass,  ornamental.  Consolidated  Plate  Glass  Co. ;  stained,  R.  Mc- 
.  Causland. 

Greenhouses,    Glass    Garden    Builders. 

Hardware  (brand).  Springer  Lock  Manfg.  Co.,  Belleville,  Ont. 
Heat  regulating  system,   Johnston-Templeton,   Toronto. 
Interior  fittings,  cabinet,  woodwork  and  decoration,  W.  J.  Trick, 
Oshawa,  Ont. 

Inter-phone  system.  Bell  Telephone  Co. 

Kitchen  utensils,  Geo.  Sparrow  Co. 

Marble,  The  Ontario  Marble  Co.,   Bancroft,  Ont. 

Ornamental   iron,    Canadian   Ornamental   Iron  Co 

Plumbing,   The   Purdy-Mansell  Co. 

Plaster  work    (ceiling),  Hoidge  Marble  Co.,   W.  J.   H.vnes. 

Refrigeration  e<iuipinent,  Grisconi-Russell  Co. 

Power  machinery.  The  Purdy-Mansell  Co. 

Radiators,    The    Dominion   Radiator   Co. 

Rooting   (tile),   Douglas  Bros. 

Stone,  Fred  Holmes  &  Sons. 

Stone  (Credit  Valley),  Britnell  Co. 

Structural  iron  and  steel,  Canada  Foundry  Co. 

Terra  cotta   (porous),  Don  Valley  Brick  Co. 

Tile,    The   T.    Eaton   Co. 

Vacuum   cleaners,    "Tuec,"    159    Richmond    street    west. 

Vaults,  J.   J.   Taylor. 

A'entilating    system,    Purdy-Mansell    Co. 

Contractors,  Fred  Holmes  &  Sons,  Limited. 


COMING   CONVENTIONS. 

AMERICAN  CERAMIC  SOCIETY'S  annual  convention  will 
be   held  at   Cleve.and,   Ohio,   February   21  to  24. 

AMERICAN  CONCRETE  PIPE  ASSOCI.ATION— .Annual  con- 
vention to  be  held  in  Chicago,  Februao'  17  and  18.  1916.  Sec- 
retary,  E.    S.    Hanson.   538   S.    Clark   street,   Chicago,    111. 

CANADIAN  LUMBERMEN'S  ASSOCI.ATION— At  Ottawa. 
February  18,  19  and  20,  1916,  annual  convention,  Frank  Hawkins, 
secretary,  t_)ttawa. 

NATIONAL  BRICK  .MANUFACTURERS'  ASSOCIATION 
will  hold  its  annual  lonvention  at  Hotel  Statler.  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
February   21    to   26. 

.N'.ATION.AL  BUILDERS'  SUPPLY  ASSOCIATION  wi  1  hol.l 
its  annual  convention  at  Hotel  Statler,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  Febru- 
ary   17,    IS.    19. 

THE  CO.MPLETE  BUILDING  SHOW  will  be  held  for  the 
first  time  from  Februarv  16  to  26,  at  the  Coliseum,  Cleveland, 
Ohio. 

WESTER.\  ONTARIO  CLAY  AVORKERS'  ASSOCIATION 
will   be   held   at   London,   Ont..    February  23  and   24. 


BUILDERS'     EXCHANGE     MEETING. 

On  January  24th  the  Montreal  Builders'  Exchange  held  tiie 
annual  meeting  in  theii'  quartei-s,  52  S'ictoria  square,  with  Mr. 
.lohn  Quinlaii  in  the  chair. 

Mr.  Cjuinlan  referred  to  the  difflculties  experienced  during 
Ihe  past  year  in  the  building  trade,  and  the  energy  and  ability 
whicn  have  been  reciuired  to  enable  a  contractor  to  maintain 
even  the  least  degree  of  successful  business.  He  jiredicted 
a  successful  manufacturing  future  for  Montreal  and  spoke  of 
the  city's  need  for  more  public  buildings,  such  as  a  central 
library,  a  museum,  and  a  public  hall  suitable  for  great  political 
meetings.  He  concluded  with  a  reference  to  the  need  for  the 
e.xtension  of  industrial  education  along  the  line  of  technical 
schools. 

The  secretary,  Mr.  D.  K.  Trotter,  gave  the  annual  statement, 
which  was  satisfactory.  He  suggested  that  means  be  talten  tt> 
strengthen  the  Flxchange  by  the  addition  of  new  members  and 
the  affiliation  of  various  organized  trades.  The  following  of- 
"licers  were  elected:  President.  Mr.  .lohn  Quinlan  (re-elected): 
First  A^ice-I*resident,  Mr.  E.  W.  Sa>'er;  Second  Vice-President. 
Mr.  .1.  P.  Anglin;  Directors.  Messrs.  Walter  Bonnell,  representing 
general  contractors:  .Alex.  W.  Br-emner,  sufipliers  of  building 
materials;  Alex.  Charette,  master  plumbei-s:  Robt.  F.  Dykes,  cut 
stone  contractors:  J.  W.  Graham,  mantle  and  tile  dealers:  John 
H.  Hand,  AVm.  Irving  and  W.  C.  Munn,  general  contractors;  \V. 
E.  Potter,  master  painters;  W.  E.  Ramsay,  suppliers  of  roofing 
materials;  J.  .1.  Roberts,  carpenters  and  millmen;  and  J.  E. 
\>'alsh.  master  jilumhers.  The  trade  representatives  in  the 
above  are  Mr.  .\lex.  Charette.  representative  director  appointed 
by  Master  Plumbers'  .Association,  and  Mr.  J.  W.  Graham,  reji- 
resentatlve  director  appointed  by  Mantle  and  Tile  Dealers'  .As- 
sociation. 


68 


CONSTRUCTION 


TORONTO  BUILDING  OUTLOOK  GOOD. 

The  ii'iiiiiiK  spiliiK  will  vviiiii«H  tin-  Inoeptioii  of  thv  laiKfHt 
liullilliiK  vfiir  ttial  T.iioiili)  has  cnjiiycd  for  some  time.  There 
are  a  ilozVii  huiUlliiKs  i.roiiiiseil  for  the  sprinK.  upon  which  work 
will  start  within  two  months,  and  whose  aKBregate  eost  will  aji- 
proach  $12  ("KI.IHMJ.  Tlnse  im-luile  the  Union  Station.  Ttohert 
Simpson  warehinise,  Cpper  <'anada  ColleKe,  Overland  Auto 
faelorv.  St.  .Midrew's  ColleKe.  Trinity  College,  tioodyear  factory 
anil    llnpeiial    nil    huildinK:. 

When  it  is  t  ikeii  Into  cimsideratlon  that  the  total  permltB  for 
lair,  were  ahout  $«.0(i(),UO(),  and  that  buildlnK  activities  are  Indi- 
cative of  tlnanclal  conditions,  everyone  should  feel  optimistic. 


TO    REFINE    COPPER    IN    BRITISH    COLUMBIA. 

The  111  wly  appolnled  .Minister  of  Mines  of  lirltish  Cilumhla 
has  annoimcVd  that  the  (iovernmttit  propose  eiec-llnf;  a  cojiper 
rellniiiK  plant  at  an  early  date  in  the  vicinity  of  Vancouver  to 
smelt  and  retlnc  the  coast  ores.  When  it  is  realized  that  at  the 
present  time  nearly  all  the  copper  produced  in  the  Province 
is  shipped  til  rellneries  in  .New  .lirsey.  it  will  tie  si  en  what  a 
boom  this  will  lie  to  the  l'i<ivlnce.  It  is  believed  that  su<h  a  re- 
llnery  could  hanille  the  I'rovince'.s  business  and  ship  lelined 
copiier  direct  to  tlie  KasI  and  to  Old  Country  manufactuiing 
plants. 


PHENOMENAL    EARNINGS    OF    C.P.R. 


Rall-il, 
lonths  1] 
Fixed W 


The  report  of  liie   net  earniiiKS  of  the  t'anadian    Pacific 
wav  Companv  for  December  showed  that  In  the  first  six  mon 
of    its    KilS-lti    liscal    year    net    tiKures    were    $2it.fi24.(IOO.      Fixedfji 
chafKes.  ttnured  on  the  same  basis  as  the  preceding  year,  would  J 
be  $7.ti46.4fi:i.   leavinK  for  dividends  on  common   stock  $21  1177. 7(ix.  ) 
This  Is  equal  to  S.4  per  cent,  on  the  outstand'ng  1  sue.     On  thi< 
basis    the    road    in    the   six    months   earned    the   full    yeai's   7   pe: 
cent,  dividend  out  of  the  railway  account.     These  figures  are  ol 
couise  only  a|iproximate 
special   income  amount, 
half-vear's    result    was    nothing    short    of    spectacular. 


as  the.v  ai-e  subject  to  revision  for  thel 
It    is  quite  evident,   however,    that   the' 


TECHNICAL   SOCIETIES. 


OK     .ARCHITECTS.— President.] 
.  Edmonton;  Hon.  Secretary.  W 


.\1,I!KI:T.\  .\KSOCI.\T1oX 
.las.  ,\.  Henderson.  F.R.I. .  P...\. 
II.   Cromarty,    Edmonton. 

.VRCHITKCTUU.M-   INSTITUTE   OF   BRITISH    COLUMBIA 
—.President,   R.   Mackay  Fripp;   Secretary,  Fred  L.   Townley.   325| 
Homer   St.,    Vancouver.    B.C. 

r\N.\ni\N    CEIMENT    .AND    CONCRETE    ASSOCIATION.—^ 
I'esident.    Peter  O'llespie,    Toronto,    Ont.:    Secretary-Treasure". 
Wm.   Snaith.  The  Thor  Iron  Works.  Toronto.   Ont. 

(\\N-\ni\N  CI-.W  PROOUCTS'  MANUFACTURERS'  AS- 
."■'OCLVTION. — Presid-nt.  .1.  E.  Frld.  Hamilton;  Secretary-Trea- 
surer,  G.   C.   Keith.   Toronto. 

C.\N.\r)I.\N  EUECTRICAL  ASSOCIATION.— President.  Col. 
11.  R.  ."-treet.  Ottawa.  Secretary,  Alan  Sullivan,  Confederation 
Uife  Buildins.  Toronto. 

CAN.\I>I.\N  FORESTRY  ASSOCIATION —President.  Wil- 
liam  Power.    MP..   Secretary.   James  Ijawler.   Journal   Building, 

Ottawa. 

C.\X.\I)1.\N  (;.\S  ASSOCIATION —President,  .\rthur  Hewitt. 
tJeneral  M.ina.trer  Consumers"  Gas  Company,  Toronto;  John 
Keillor.    i-'e^i-etary-Treasurer,    Hamilton,   Ont. 

C,\N.\ni.\v  INnKPlONOE.N'T  TKNEI'HONE  .ASSOCIATION. 
— President  W.  Iiian.  M.D..  Harrietsville.  Ont;  Secretary- 
Treasurer.   Francis  Dagger,    £1    Richmond   street  Wept,   Toronto. 


C.WAUl  AX 
President.   .1.    IJ. 


IXSTITI'TR.— ins      College      Street.      Toronto. 
Tyrrell-   Secretary.   Mr.   J.   Patterson. 

C.VNAPIAN  N\T|ON.\I,  .ASSOCIATION  OF  BUIUOERS' 
KXCH.XXGFS. — Western  Sei  tion — President.  C.  R.  Frost.  ROO 
.'^ecf.nd  St..  Edmonton,  V'ta.:  Secretar.v-Treasurer.  ,A.  M.  Frith. 
224  Mcnougall  .Ave..  Winniiieg.  Eastern  .Section — Presirteif. 
Geo.  Gander.  Toronto;  Secretar\--Treasurer,  P.  U.  Eraser.  BuiPl- 
ers'  Exchantre.  Toronto. 

('.\X.\1)|.\.\"  SOCIETY  OF  Civil,  lOXGlNKEKS— President. 
G.  II.  Kuggan.  Montreal;  Se-.-retiiy.  Prof.  (\  11.  Mcleod.  Mont- 
real. 

I-OXDOX  UUIUDERS'  EXCHANGE— President.  A.  C.  Nobbs; 
.^cci-etar.\-'rreasurer.  F.  S.  Pardaj'. 

MANITOBA  -VSSOCI.ATION  OP  ARCHITECTS.— T'resi-'ent. 
Col  J.  B.  Mitchell.  Winnipeg;  Secretarv-Treasurer.  R.  G.  Han- 
ford. 

AIOXTREAI-  BUIEDERS'  EXCHANGE- President.  John 
<Juinlan;  Secretary.  1 1.   K.  Trottei. 

oXT.AUlo  .\SSoCI.\TloX  OF  ARCHITECTS.- President.  C. 
II.  .\cton  lionil  Toront'i;  Treasurer,  J.  P.  Hynes,  Toronto;  Sec- 
retary,  U.    L.   Wolsey,  Toronto. 

PROVINCE  OP  QUEBEC  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS. 
—President.    E.    H.    Stavelpy.    t^uebec;    Trea.'surer.    N.    JIacVicar. 


Hall    S(!uare, 
,1.   .\.  Malier; 


Montreal:    Secretary.    .1.    Emile    Vanier.    S    Beaver 
.Montreal. 

<M'KI!Fi'  IIUILIHOK'-"  EXCHANGE.- President. 
Secietary-Treasurer,    Alf.    Cote. 

RtiV.Af,     .MtCHITECTUR.AI.     INSTITUTE     OF     C.\NAD.\.— > 
I'resident.    U.   C     Russell.    AAMnniiieg.    Man.;   Hon.    Secretary    Al- 
cide   Cliausse.   No.   5.   P.eaver  Hall  Square.   Montreal  Que. 

SOCIETY  OF  CHEMIC.VL  INOUSTRY.— Wallace  P.  Cohoe. 
<  hairman;    .\lfred    Burton.   Toronto.   Secretary. 

TECHNIC.\U  SOCIETY  OF  PETERBORO.— Bank  of  Com- 
merce Building.  Peterlioro.  President.  N.  C.  Mills  PO  Box 
Wa.   Peterlioro.   Ont. 


TOI!o.\T(  1 
Hughes;    .'Secret: 


P.riMiKllS'      EXCH.SNGl-:.— President. 
ry.    .\.    10.    Flower. 


t;. 


IXlo.N  OF  C.\N.\ll|AN  MUNICIPAT.ITIES.— President.  T. 
I..  (  hurcli.  Mayor  of  Toronto.  Ont.;  Hon.  Secretarv-Treasurer. 
;.  J'  ,,'-'■?  "'■""  '■'''■  '■■''■-flavor  of  Westmount;  .Asst.  Secretary 
f.     s.    A\  ilson,    1112   Ci.ristine   Bldg..    JIontreaL 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA    FOREST    SERVICE. 

The  British  Columbia  Government  made  a  wise  decision  when 
they  decided  to  bring  the  Eastern  part  of  Canada  Into  closer 
touch  with  the  mateliless  forest  products  of  the  Pacific  Coast 
Province. 

Along  the  line  of  the  newly  adopted  policy  of  the  British 
Columbia  Forest  Service,  an  oltlce  has  been  opened  In  the  Ex- 
celsior lilfe  liuilding,  Toronto,  managed  by  L.  B.  Beale,  of  the 
li.C.  Fore.st  Service.  Hi  re.  architects  and  builders  have  an  oppor- 
tunity of  seeing  and  stuiiying  the  excellent  effects  iiroduceu  b.> 
the  use  of  the  superb  woods  exhibited.  An  illustration  I's 
shown  of  part  of  the  exhibit,  in  which  the  wall  iianelling  conies 
in  for  particular  attention.  This  Is  in  Douglas  Hr,  the  beautiful 
effects  produced  being  a  revelation  to  those  not  already  ac- 
quainted with  the  adaptability  of  this  wood  for  high-class  in- 
terior decoration.  Different  tinishes  are  shown,  from  the  natural 
wood  to  the  highly  linished  product.  Further  examples  are 
shown,  in  the  nature  of  Douglas  lir  floors;  Western  red  cedar 
and  Douglas  tir  base  trim  framing  and  mouldings;  Douglas  llr 
flooring;  diniension  stock  of  B.C.  spruce.  Western  hemlock,  red 
cedar  and  Douglas  fir;  B.C.  reil  cedar  shingles  and  shingle  bolts. 
This  exhibit  is  attracting  much  attention,  and  has  already  done 
much  towards  educating  the  people  in  Toronto  and  Ontario 
regarding   the   forest   products  of   British   Columbia. 


BKITISH     COLfMBIA    FOREST    SERVICE. 
PERMANENT     EXHIBIT,     E,\CELSIOR     LIFE     BflLDING,     TORONTO. 


Additional    Service 

Along  the  line  of  "CONSTRUCTION'S" 
policy,  to  be  of  the  greatest  possible  service 
to  its  readers,  we  have  included,  starting  with 
the  December  issue,  and  will  continue  to  pub- 
lish the  principal  items  of  our  Report  Service 
dealing  with  new  construction  throughout  the 
Dominion.  These  news  items  give  the  reader 
a  good  idea  of  what  is  going  on  in  the  build- 
ing field,  and  from  the  expression  of  approval 
received  since  its  inauguration,  we  feel  that 
the  decision  to  include  it  will  meet  with  the 
hearty  approval  of  all  our  readers.  Another 
feature  adopted  with  the  January  issue,  and 
which  will  be  continued,  is  an  Architectural 
Digest  in  which  other  articles  of  interest,  both 
to  the  architect,  contractor  and  the  engineer, 
will  be  published  each  month.  These  are 
talcen  from  our  exchanges,  and  will  give  our 
readers  a  service  such  as  they  could  only  get 
by  taking  a  large  number  of  similar  publica- 
tions. 

It  is  further  intended  to  improve  the  value 
of  "Construction"  by  embodying  depart- 
ments dealing  with  fire-proofing,  heating  and 
ventilating.  Arrangements  have  also  been 
made  for  a  nuxber  of  special  articles  to  be 
published  during  the  year  dealing  with  such 
subjects  as  lighting,  sanitary  equipment  and 
power-house  features  of  large  modern  build- 
ings, as  well  as  articles  on  the  various  materi- 
als and  equipment,  being  embodied  in  all 
structures  from  house.'!  to  skyscrapers. 


LI 


March,  1916 


CONTENTS 


THE   EXCELSIOR   LIFE   BUILDING    71 

CLEVELAND    ART    ASSOCIATION     COMPETITION     74 

THE   FIRE   SAFE   BUILDING    77 

AMERICA'S    FIRST    PUBLIC    ABATTOIR     82 

THE    EDUCATION    OF    PUBLIC    TASTE    16 

NEW    BUILDING    OF    THE    ROBERT    SIMPSON    CO 89 

THE    FARMERS'    DAIRY    BUILDING    90 

EDITORIAL      94 

Quantities   aiicl    Contracts On   a    Basis   of  Kducation. 

ARCHITECTURAL    DIGEST     96 

CONSTRUCTION      NEWS     £7 

Full    Page    Illustrations 

FRONTISPIECE 70 


H.    GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

GRAPHIC  ARTS  BLDG.,  TORONTO.  CANADA 

BRANCH  OFFICES 


MONTREAL 


NEW  YORK 


a: 
o 

CO 

55 


2j      a 


H 
CO 

O 
O 


W      S 


o 

55 


to 


70 


The  Excelsior  Life  Building 

One  of  The  Finest  of  Toronto's  Many  High-Class  Office  Buildings 


THE  latest  addition  to  the  group  of  modern 
office  buildings  erected  in  Toronto  is  the 
Excelsior  Life  Insurance  Company's  new  struc- 
ture, which  was  designed  and  erected  under  the 
supervision  of  E.  J.  Lennox,  architect. 

In  considering  the  pro- 
position for  a  new  building, 
the  company  was  desirous 
of  having  a  building  that 
would  be  planned  in  such  a 
manner  that  it  would  be 
adaptable  for  the  accom- 
modation of  their  large  in- 
surance business,  and  at 
the  same  time  so  planned 
and  arranged  that  every 
foot  of  available  space  not 
occupied  by  the  company 
would  be  revenue-produc- 
ing. 

The  building  has  a  front- 
age on  Toronto  street  of 
134  feet,  and  a  frontage  on 
Adelaide  street  of  about  64 
feel.  The  first  two  storeys 
of  the  facade  of  the  build- 
ing are  built  of  granite, 
and  the  remaining  upper 
storeys  of  white  enamelled 
terra  eotta. 

The  main  facades  of  the 
building  has  been  designed 
in  plain  modern  classic 
architecture,  with  a  view 
of  good  proportion  and 
handsome  appearance. 

The  building  has  been 
designed  in  the  form  of  a 
pedestal  shaft  and  frieze 
appearance,  the  upper 
storeys  being  brought  out 
in  the  form  of  a  colonade. 
fonned  with  columns  and 
pilasters,  which  gives  a 
rich  appearance  to  the 
building. 

The  general  construction, 
arrangement  and  equip- 
ment of  tlie  building  are  the 
most  modern  and  best.  It 
is  constructed  of  steel  and 
fireproof  material  through- 
out, and  as  far  as  modern 
skill  and  science  can  make 
it,  it  is  absolutely  fireproof. 
All  interior  partitions  are 


of  sound-proof  and  fire-proof  construction. 
The  interior  has  in  every  way  been  well 
planned  throughout;  one  of  the  most  attractive 
features  is  the  handsome  and  spacious  entrance 
on  Toi-onto  street,  arranged  to  permit  easy  ac- 


EXCEL.SIOR    LIFE    BCILDINO.       E.    J.    LEJNXOX,    ARCHITECT. 

71 


CONSTRUCTION 


tcrior  windows,  fitted  ii|)  with  Kiiylisli  ^loci 
frames  and  sash  of  the  latest  t\  po,  tliiis  irivuiiii!;' 
tlie  l>est  of  lijrlit  and  vcntihition.  Tlicre  are  no 
dark  courts,  borrowed  lijj^hts  or  waste  s|)a('e. 

The  buildinf?  contains  all  modern    iinprdNc- 
ments,   includinfj^  modulation  system   of  steam 


FIRST   FLOOK   PLAN,   EXCELSIOH    LIFE    BUILDING.       E.    J.    LENNOX,   AltCHITECT. 


eess  to  splendid  accommodation  to  all  floors,  the 
imj)ortance  of  providing  an  efficient  and  quick 
service  being  fully  realized.  Three  of  the  latest 
and  up-to-date  elevators  are  installed,  so  as  to 
give  (piick  access  to  all  jmrts  of  the  building. 
The    l)uiiding   throughout  is   lighted   bv   ex- 


lieating  (thus  obviating  all  noise  in  pipes), 
vacuum  cleaners,  mail  clmtes,  connections  for 
telephone,  telegraph,  ticker  and  messenger  call 
service  wires,  and  the  latest  and  most  modern 
system  of  pluinl)ing  and  conduit  electric  wiring. 


PLUMBING,   HEATING,    VENTILA- 
TION AND  VACUUM  CLEANING 

Tlie  plumbing  as  installed  in  this  building  is 
complete  in  every  respect.    The  system  was  a 


TYPICAL    FLOOR    PLAN^    EXCELSIOR    LIFE    BUILDING.       E.    J.    LENNOX,    ARCHITECT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


73 


MAIN    CORRIDOR,    EXCELSIOR    LIFE    BlILniNO 

standard  type,  with  porcelain,  vitreons  cliina 
and  enameled  fixtnres. 

The  lavatories  are  specially  ventilated  by 
means  of  ventilating'  shaft,  which  was  run  from 
the  basement  to  the  roof  space.  A  multivane 
fan  was  installed  in  the  ])ent  house,  this  fan 
being'  full  housed,  top  horizontal,  oi)erated  at 
six  hundred  and  ninety  r.p.m.,  direct  connet-ted 
to  one-half  horse-power  motor. 

In  the  boiler  room  there  was  installed  in  con- 
nection with  the  sum])  whidh  is  used  to  drain 
the  surface  water  which  is  carried  to  same  by 
means  of  weeping-  tile,  and  also  the  blow-off 
from  the  boiler,  an  electrically  driven  sump 
pump,  the  pump  having  a  capacity  of  twenty- 
five  gallons  per  minute  against  a  twenty-five 
foot  head.  The  pump  is  automatic,  being  gov- 
erned by  an  automatic  float  control  switch, 
which  is  installed  in  the  sump. 

All  the  different  lavatories  throughout  the 
l)uilding  have  Italian  marble  divisions  and 
stalls,  complete  with  hinges,  locks  and  bumjiers. 

The  building  was  completely  equipped  with  a 


vacuum  cleaning  sy\stem,  the  system  adopted  be- 
ing Spencer  large  volume  low  vacuum  type  ma- 
chine, being  five  horse-power  two-sweeper  ma- 
chine. The  entire  building  was  piped  so  that 
any  portion  of  the  building  might  be  cleaned 
with  fifty  feet  of  one  and  one-half  inch  hose. 
The  machine  produces  a  vacuum  of  five  inches 
at  the  machine,  and  gives  a  vacuum  of  from 
two  to  three  inches  at  the  cleaning  tool. 

The  tyi)e  of  heating  installed  was  an  atmos- 
pheric modulation  system,  and  is  the  only 
building  of  this  height  to  have  a  system  of  this 
kind  installed. 

The  boilers  were  three  down-draft  smokeless 
standard  boilers,  set  in  standard  brick  setting. 
There  was  a  total  of  approximately  twelve 
thousand  five  hundred  square  feet  of  radiation 


StK-riotI  »« 


TYPICAL    CORRIDOR,    BXCKI.SIOR    LIFE    RlILDINn. 


DETAIL   OF  TERRA    COTTA    EXTEIJIOR,   EXCEL.SIOR    LIFE    ni'ILDINO,   TORONTO. 

installed  through  the  building.  Each  radiator 
has  a  modulation  valve  on  the  sup])ly  and  a 
thermostatic  valve  on  the  return.  All  the  radi- 
ators installed  in  the  building  were  one  column, 
being  considered  more  efficient  than  the  two. 
three  or  four-column.  Both  supply  and  return 
connection  to  the  radiators  are  carried  in  the 
wall  to  the  i)osition  of  radiator  in  a  chase,  which 
was  left  for  same,  no  piping  being  taken  below 
the  floor,  which  very  much  improved  the  appear- 
ance of  the  finished  work. 

An  electrically  driven  centrifugal  pump  was 
installed  for  returning  the  condensation  from 
the  dri|)s  fi-om  the  mains,  this  being  the  only 
portion  of  the  returns  that  does  not  return  to 
the  boiler  by  gravity. 


Cleveland  Art  Association  Competition 

Winning   Designs   in  Competition   Held   by  the  Cleveland  Art  Association  in 

Connection  With  The  Complete  Building  Show  at  Cleveland, 

Ohio,  February  i6  to  26,  1916 


IN  connection  with  the  recent  Complete  Build- 
iufi:  Show,  liehl  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  a  compe- 
tition of  house  designs  at  $3,000  was  held  under 
the  auspices  of  the  Cleveland  Art  Association, 
which  offered  {)rizes  to  the  extent  of  five  hund- 
red dollars.  Over  three  hundred  designs  were 
submitted,  all  of  merit,  of  which  are  reproduced 
seven  selected  by  the  judges  as  being  worthy  of 
the  prizes  offered.  First  prize  was  awarded  to 
the  design  of  Olaf  William  Shelgren,  a  member 
of  the  Buffalo  An-hitectural  Club,  and  connect- 
ed with  the  office  of  Robert  North,  1314  Pru- 
dential Building.  Mr.  Shelgren  is  also  presi- 
dent of  the  Sketch  Culb,  composed  of  architects 
of  that  city,  and  has  many  fine  buildings  in 
Buffalo  to  his  cretlit.  Chainnan  C.  S.  Schneider, 
of  the  Selection  Committee,  stated  the  choice 
of  this  plan  for  first  prize  was  due  to  the  opin- 
ion of  the  coimnittee  that  same  "best  met  the 
requirements  of  the  contest  from  every  point 


of  view."  This  design  is  the  essence  of  com- 
pactness, yet  every  essential  requirement  of  the 
home  is  jjrovided  for.  The  dining-room  is 
readily  made  a  part  of  the  living-room,  and  yet 
is  separatwl,  as  reference  to  the  diagram  will 
show.  A  large  living-room  is  secured  by  plac- 
ing the  main  entrance  and  hall  to  the  side  of 
the  house.  Bedrooms  of  good  size  are  allowed 
for  with  necessary  closet  room.  The  suggest- 
ed exterior  is  in  stucco,  with  roof  of  green  vslate, 
frame  work  around  doors  and  windows  jMiinted 
green  to  harmonize  witli  roof  and  foliage. 

Second  prize  was  awarded  to  design  sub- 
mitted by  Messrs.  S.  C.  Merrell  and  C.  H.  Ditt- 
mer,  of  Cleveland,  who  are  on  the  staff  of  Chas. 
S.  Schneider.  Stucco  was  used  as  an  exterior 
surface  for  the  artistic  home  shown,  the  re- 
cessed jiorch,  stairs,  large  dining-room  and  well 
planned  kitchen  are  features  worthy  of  men- 
tion. 


FIRST    PRIZE — BY    OLAF    WILLIAM    SHKLfiREN,    BCFFALO,    N.T. 

74 


CONSTRUCTION 


75 


Third  prize  drawings  are  the  work  of  Messrs. 
H.  W.  Peebles  and  R.  W.  Hazlewood,  82  N. 
Elizabeth  street,  DetiX)it,  Mich.,  and  depicts  a 
quaint  exterior  with  a  very  modern  interior  ar- 
rangement well  proportioned. 

Fourth  prize  was  given  to  F.  J.  Harburg,  94 
West  162nd  street.  New  York  City,  for  a  house 
of  Colonial  design,  in  exterior  finish  of  wide 
lap  siding,  a  material  growing  in  popularity. 
Large  and  commodious  living-room  and  kitchen 
are  provided,  with  a  good  stairway  to  upper 
floor,  where  large  bedrooms  well  lig'hted  by 
ample  windows  provides  abundance  of  ventila- 
tion. The  grounds  surrounding  are  a  good 
study,  and  ai*e  worthy  of  notice. 

Fifth  prize  is  for  home  designed  by  C.  C.  Toll- 
man, 17  Dill  street.  Auburn,  N.Y.,  which  shows 
originality.  The  bay  extending  from  ground 
to  roof  is  the  feature  of  this  exterior,  while  a 
large  living-room  with  open  fireplace  gives  a 
homey  suggestion.  A  roomy  cold  room  off  the 
kitchen  is  of  practical  use.  Three  good  size 
bedrooms  are  allowed  for,  together  with  an 
ample  storage  or  linen  closet. 

Sixth  prize  is  for  plans  by  Henry  P.  Whit- 
worth,  155  Carlyon  road,  Cleveland,  and  illus- 
trates a  home  of  the  cottage  type,  with  large 
living  and  dining-rooms,  giving  the  effect  of  a 


vStXdW  [fw^j  fl^i, 


much  larger  house.  All  available  space  has 
been  used  to  advantage,  and  the  general  effect  is 
))leasing. 

Seventh  prize  was  awarded  Maurice  Feather, 
129  Langdon  avenue,  Watertown,  Mass.,  who 
evolved  a  house  of  exceptionally  interesting  ex- 
terior. The  placing  of  the  porch  and  entrance 
upon  opposite  sides  of  the  front  wing,  the  rath- 
er stee])  roofs  and  the  single  large  chimney 
placed  in  the  centre  of  the  building,  give  it  the 
effect  of  bigness  which  is  a  feature  of  this  in- 
teresting design.  The  interior  is  well  planned, 
with  all  rooms  of  good  size. 

The  judges  were  favorably  impressed  with 
the  other  drawings  shown,  which  made  difficult 
the  work  of  selection,  all  of  the  designs  contain- 
ing features  of  originality,  making  them  "dif- 
ferent" from  the  average  homes. 

The  first  prize  was  $200.00,  second  $125.00, 
third  $75.00,  fourth  $50.00,  fifth  $25.00,  sixth 
$15.00,  and  seventh  $10.00. 

Judges  appointed  by  A.  Garfield,  president 
of  the  Cleveland  Chapter  A.I.A.,  were  C.  S. 
Schneider,  A.  S.  Skeel,  W.  R.  Watterson,  R.  G. 
Ilubby  and  H.  Dercum. 

The  Cleveland  Art  Association  erected  both 
interior  and  exterior  models  of  the  first  prize 
house  on  the  floor  of  the  Coliseum  for  exhibi- 
tion at  the  show. 


l(^ 


CONSTRUCTION 


THIRD  PRIZE  HOUSE— By  H.  W.  Peebles  and  R.  W.  Hazlew  ood,  Detroit,  Mich. 


ji^-'-ffC^^.  . 

Jm 

f— I  ;  1 

flUT        fl^Dt- 


GREATEST  MARBLE  BUILDING  IN 
THE  WORLD 

Construction  work  on  tlie  new  $5,000,000 
['"ield  Museum  of  Natural  History,  to  be  built 
in  Cliica<i;o.  is  under  way.  The  structure  will 
be  completed,  it  is  expected,  in  less  than  three 
years,  and  more  than  .'],000  men  will  be  em- 
ployed in  the  work.  When  finished  it  will  be 
the  lai'.iirest  marble  buihlinju;  in  the  \\X)rld.  It 
will  consist  of  three  storeys  and  a  basement, 
and  will  cover  an  area  of  700  feet  by  H50  feet. 
The  floor  area  of  the  museimi  will  be  670,000 
«iuare  feet,  of  which  400,000  square  feet  will  be 
devoted  to  exhibition  purposes.  The  remainder 
will  he  us(>;1  for  scientific  laboratories,  lecture 
iialls,  olhce-,  and  a  restaurant.  The  contract 
for  the  buildini;'  is  held  by  the  Xorcross  Bros. 
Company,  of  New  York  and  Worcester,  Mass., 
and  the  iiiatciial  will  be  (ieorgia  marble. 


THE  VALUE  OF  MICROSCOPES  IN 
INVESTIGATING  STONE 
Comparative  microscopic  study  of  buildinj; 
stone  that  has  stood  the  test  of  time  and  that 
whicli  has  not,  is  very  valuable.  Accoixling  to 
a  contemporary,  the  cause  of  rapid  weathering 
can  be  recognized  as  a  natural  structural  rela- 
tion. Two  granites,  for  instance,  of  almost 
identical  mineralogical  and  chemical  composi- 
tion can  behave  quite  differently.  The  one  re- 
mains sound  for  years;  the  other  disintegrates 
rapidly  because  delicate  microscopic  pressure 
zones  run  through  it.  Two  marbles  of  equal 
beauty  show  entirely  different  powers  of  resist- 
ance as  material  for  a  work  of  art  exposed  to 
the  weather,  according  to  whether  the  calcite 
individuals  in  this  section  interlock  with  sinuous 
outlines  or  merely  adjoin  each  other  as  paving 
stones. 


The  Fire  Safe  Building 


By  A.  W.  ECHHERG 


t;)ESTDES  a  fire  loss  of  about  $25,000,000  per 
_L3  annum  this  country  now  carries  tlie  exces- 
sive cost  of  insurance,  the  vast  sums  spent  for 
fire-fighting  eciuipment  and  up-keej)  of  fire  de- 
partments in  ail  our  cities,  the  lost  sustained  in 
ease  of  fire,  in  time,  loss  of  prestige,  loss  of  cus- 
tomers, the  cost  of  renewing  the  inuranee  upon 
i-esumption  of  business,  and  the  dead  expense 
while  the  business  is  suspended.  Besides  this, 
tliere  is  very  little  property  insured  to  its  full 
value,  so  that  even  if  some  insurance  is  carried, 
the  owner  will  have  to  stand  a  good  share  of  the 
direct  loss.  Taking  all  these  items  into  con- 
sideration, the  total  loss  to  this  country  amounts 
to  a  really  ap])alling  figure. 

But  what  are  you  going  to  do  about  it!  It  is 
not  within  the  scope  of  himian  possibility  to  en- 
tirely prevent  fires,  but  it  is  possible  to  reduce 
the  fire  hazard  to  a  minimum.  At  an  expense 
insignificant  as  compared  to  the  saving  in  ])Vo- 
perty  and  trouble,  it  is  possible  to  so  equip 
buildings  as  to  render  a  serious  fire  practically 
imi>ossible. 


This  discussion  does  not  attempt  to  enter  into 
the  merits  of  different  methods  of  fire])rooting 
the  structural  parts  of  a  building,  or  the  rela- 
tive value  of  different  nuiterials  used  for  that 
purpose.  The  necessity  for  providing  such  fire- 
proofing  is  well  recognized  by  even  the  layest 
of  laymen.  It  is  proposed  to  take  uj)  here  the 
question  of  interior  fireproofing,  "the  kind  that 
safeguards  life  and  contents,"  as  the:  need  for 
l)roper  equipment  of  buildings  to  prevent  in- 
cipient fires  from  S[)reading,  and  to  safeguard 
the  exits  to  prevent  loss  of  life,  is  not  so  well 
understood  or  so  thoroughly  realized. 

The  first  attempt  to  provide  exits  in  case  of 
fire  for  the  occupants  of  a  building  was  the  out- 
side fire  escape,  which  even  up  to  this  time  dis- 
figures so  many  buildings  in  our  cities.  While 
they  have  no  doubt  served  their  purpose  in  some 
cases,  they  have  in  numerous  instances  failed, 
sometimes  on  account  of  flimsy  construction, 
and  again  on  account  of  inadecpiate  u])keep,  as 
the  metal  work  has  not  been  painted,  but  allow- 
ed to  rust  and  become  deteriorated,  so  that  when 


FOI-RTH     PRIZE BY     FREDERICK    J.     HARniRIi,    NEW    YORK     flTY. 

77 


78 


CONSTRUCTION- 


|nit  to  the  test  they  liave  failed.  Even  if  the 
fiie-escaiK's  were  stroiij;  t'lioiif^li,  tlu'v  iiavc  very 
often  been  rendered  nseless  on  acconnt  of  the 
thunes  from  a  Hie  hreaking  out  tliroufrh  the  win- 
dows or  doors  openinji:  on  tiie  fire-eseape  in  tlie 
lower  storeys,  so  tiiat  the  people  eiuleavorinji;  to 
usi'  it  from  the  upper  storeys  have  been  eauffht 
in  a  trap.  Tiie  idea  of  usinj;  fire-eseapes  on  a 
modein  buildinj?  is  heeominfi;  obsolete,  it  has 
been  found  that  inside  stairways,  or  fire-towers, 
if  prottH'ted  by  fireproof  doors  or  windows,  are 
much  more  effective  and  safe,  and  designs  for 
new  buildinjys  fi^eiierally  incorporate  this  idea 
for  itrovidiuf?  .safe  e.xits  for  the  occupants. 

The  next  step  in  the  evolution  of  fire  protec- 
tion for  l)iiildin;;s  and  preventini>:  the  spreadinj? 


of  the  flames  was  the  realization  of  the  danj^er 
from  outside  exposure.  It  was  found  that  in 
a  large  fire  the  tiames  would  very  often  enter 
an  adjoining  building  through  the  Avindow  or 
door  openings,  and  to  i)rotect  these  oiieniugs. 
shutters  were  provided,  eitiier  of  steel  plates  or 
made  of  wood  covered  with  tin.  These  were 
eventually  fouiul  unsatisfactory,  however,  l)e- 
causc  they  were  not  always  closed  by  the  0(s 
cu|)ants  at  the  end  of  a  day's  work.  The  metal 
covering  would  also  very  often  deteriorate,  ren- 
dering the  shutters  useless,  and  taken  as  a 
whole  they  were  <piite  un.satisfa<3tory. 

The  invention  and  numufacture  of  wired  glass 
opened  up  a  lu'w  field,  and  new  [lossibilities  for 
fire  pi'otection  of  such  openings.     It  was  now 


SECOND    FLOOIL.  PLA.V 


CONSTRUCl   /  O   V 


79 


iWiriftw*;"^ 


--.u 


SIXTH     PRIZk; 

BY 

HENRY    P.    WHITWORTH.    CLEVELANU,   OHIO. 


found  possible  to  construct  a  window  frame  of 
metal,  and  by  the  use  of  wii-ed  glass  a  perman- 
ent protection  was  obtained  that  needed  no 
particular  attention.  These  also  served  to  con- 
fine the  tire  within  a  building,  and  prevent  it 
from  escaping  to  adjoining  buildings,  so  that 
they  really  served  a  double  purpose  in  this  re- 
spect. Great  care,  however,  should  be  exercised 
to  get  the  very  best  class  of  metal  windows,  as 
very  often  they  are  jworly  constructed,  and  of 
material  that  is  liable  to  rust,  causing  it  to  de- 
teriorate in  a  very  short  time  when  exposed  to 
the  severity  of  the  elements.  The  ver>'  best 
material  that  can  be  found  for  metal  windows, 
that  will  withstand  the  ravages  of  time  as  well 
as  fire,  is  the  hollow  constructed  windows  of 
hard  bronze  metal.  The  next  best  would,  no 
doubt,  be  a  window  constructed  of  heavily  coat- 
ed 18  or  20  irauge  galvanized  iron,  or  windows 
treated  within  and  without  by  the  sherardizing 
process,  which  at  least  for  a  long  time  will  with- 
stand the  action  of  the  elements  and  prevent 
the  starting  of  rust. 

We  now  come  to  the  study  of  interior  fii-e  pro- 
tection, or  means  for  preventing  a  fire  from 


sjjreading  within  the  building  itself.  This  is  an 
ever-i)resent  danger,  and  the  means  for  local- 
izing and  controlling  any  incipient  fire  to  its 
place  or  origin  should  be  given  due  considera- 
tion. One  of  the  most  efficient  of  tliese  devices 
is  the  automatic  sprinkler,  which  finds  its  great- 
est usefulness  and  is  best  suited  for  such  build- 
ings as  mills  and  factories,  loft  buildings,  ware- 
houses, freight  terminals,  storage  buildings,  etc. 
While  there  are  cases  on  record  where  sprink- 
lers have  failed,  they  are,  on  the  whole,  very 
satisfactory,  and  have  proven  themselves  to  be 
one  of  the  most  efficient  parts  of  the  eriuipment 
of  such  buildings  for  the  purjiose.  A  curious 
circumstance  in  connection  w^th  the  develop- 
ment of  the  sprinkler  system  is  the  fact  that  the 
insurance  companies  at  first  would  not  recognize 
it,  or  would  not  allow  any  reduction  in  the  in- 
surance rate  for  buildings  so  equipped.  This 
caused  mill  owners  in  one  part  of  the  country 
to  organize  a  mutual  insurance  company  for 
their  own  benefit,  in  order  to  save  the  cost  of  in- 
surance, and  it  was  only  after  their  experiences 
through  a  number  of  years  was  made  public  that 
the  old  line  insurance  companies  would  recog- 
nize the  merits  of  the  sprinkler  system,  and  give 
anv  credit  or  reduction  in  the  rates  where  tliev 


MO 


CONSTRUCTION 


were  installod.  This  system  is  now  widely 
r(M'()iiiiiii'ii(li'(I  liy  all  insurance  companies  and 
oxperts  foi-  buildings  ol'  the  classes  muncd. 

Auotlier  idea  which  ha«  proven  itself  valu- 
able and  is  beinfj;  adopted  for  buildings  of  the 
classes  above  nametl  is  the  idea  of  subdividing 
buildings  having  large  areas  by  so-called  "tire 
walls,"  the  openings  beitween  the  ditferent  sec- 
tions protected  by  automatic  fire  doors  or  cur- 
tains. These  will  provide  exit  for  the  owupanls 
of  any  section  in  which  the  fire  should  happen 
to  occur.  It  Avill  only  be  necessary  for  the  em- 
ployees of  a  factory  or  mill  to  pass  through  the 
opening  in  the  tire  wall  into  the  next  section 
and  close  the  fire[)roof  doors,  when  they  are 
safe  from  the  fire  peril.  This  method  is  to  be 
reconnnended,  i)roviding  each  section  has  a 
separate  exit  from  the  building,  and  will  be 
found  useful  in  hospitals,  schools,  museums  and 
similar  buildings  of  the  better  class,  in  addition 
to  mills  and  factory  buildings. 

A   study  of  this  important  subject  has  also 
brought    out    the    fact    that    vertical    shafts 


throughout  a  high  Jjuilding,  such  as  elevator 
shafts,  stair  hall,  pipe  and  wire  shafts,  ven- 
tilator shafts,  etc.,  will  serve  as  flues  for  a  fire 
starting  in  any  of  the  lower  slmiv,  and  allow 
the  flames  to  spi-ead  througliout  Uie  building. 
In  actual  ex|)erience  in  many  cases  gieat  loss 
of  life  has  oc(uirred  in  buildings  because  escape 
was  slnit  off  by  the  flames  entering  the  stair 
halls  or  elevator  shafts.  The  fnat  that  openings 
to  such  flues  or  shafts  have  not  been  provided 
with  fireproof  doors  have  caused  some  very  ex- 
pensive fires;  for  instance,  the  E<juitable  iiuild- 
ing  in  New  York  (yity  about  three  yeais  ago. 
'^riiis  has  served  to  call  the  attention  of  archi- 
tects and  builders  to  the  necessity  for  having 
flicproof  doors  for  such  oi)enings  and  eliminat- 
ing the  open  grille  work  so  commonly  u.sed  for 
elevatoi'  enclosui-es  in  the  past,  and  to  enclosing 
elevatoi-  shafts  with  firei)roof  walls  or  metal 
pai  titioiis,  with  wired  glass,  if  light  is  required. 
Tile  open  giille  work  used  for  such  a  long  time 
has  been  found  inadequate  for  the  purpose,  and 
will  not  be  tolerated  in  any  really  fireproof  or 
modern  building.  The  city  of  Cincinnati  was 
one  of  the  first  to  adopt  a  building  code  requir- 
ing owners  of  buildings  having  such  work  to  re- 


H     I-  ■  ■  >'»■  ■■^f '- 


SEVENTH    PRIZE 

BV 

MAURICE   FEATHER,    WATERTOWN,   MASS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


81 


place  it  with  really  fireproof  enclosures,  and 
other  cities  are  fast  following  this  excellent 
precedent.  According  to  tlie  best  and  most  ad- 
vanced ideas,  the  stair  hall  shafts  are  being 
located  in  a  different  part  of  the  buildling  from 
the  elevator  shaft,  so  that  in  case  a  fire  occurs 
near  one  the  other  would  be  available  for  exit 
by  the  occupants.  This  idea  is  a  very  important 
step  in  the  right  direction,  and  will  tend  to  in- 
crease the  safety  of  a  building,  especially  those 
of  the  better  class,  or  those  of  the  "skyscraper" 
type. 

When  the  fire  prevention  campaign  started 
some  thirty  years  ago  several  attempts  were 
made  to  protect  the  wooden  door.  It  was  hard 
to  get  away  from  the  thraldom  of  wood,  so  at 
first  it  was  painted  with  preparations  of  alum 
and  other  salts,  which  was  then  called  firejiroof 
l>aint,  and  by  this  combination  wood  would  not 
ignite  at  first,  but  would  not  withstand  a  hot 
fire  for  any  length  of  time.  Later,  expei'iments 
were  tried  to  make  the  wood  fire  resisting  by 
extracting  the  resin  and  other  inflammable  com- 
ponents of  wood,  leaving  only  the  fibre.  This 
was  tried  for  some  time,  but  was  found  wanting, 
as  the  wood  would  presently  burn  and  the  fire 
looked  very  much  like  ordinary  wood  fire. 

Later  on  the  method  of  covering  the  wooden 
doors  with  metal  was  adopted,  and  was  no  doubt 
the  best  that  could  be  had  for  that  period.  It  is, 
however,  imi)ossible  to  obtain  with  this  kind  of 
work  a  result  that  is  in  any  respect  satisfactory 
for  high-class  buildings.  The  wooden  core  will 
swell  and  shrink  with  the  atmosplieric  changes, 
and  the  thin  metal  used  will  buckle,  making  the 
work  very  unsightly.  The  finish  can  only  be  an 
ordinary  air-drying  paint,  applied  in  the  dust 
and  dirt  of  a  buildting  under  construction,  and 
cannot  even  remotely  be  compared  with  the 
high-class  material  and  finish  required  in  mod- 
em, first-class  buildings. 

An  insurance  engineer  of  national  reputation 
when  asked  his  opinion  of  tin-clad  or  metal- 
covered  doors,  stated:  "T  merely  quote  the 
best  authorities  when  I  say  that  if  the  wood 
core  in  a  metal-covered  door  does  not  contain 
10  per  cent,  of  moisture,  dry  rot  has  already  set 
in;  and  if  it  does  contain  10  per  cent,  or  more 
of  moisture  and  is  subjected  to  severe  heat, 
sufficient  gas  will  be  generated  to  explode  its 
metal  covering."  Hundreds  of  thousands  of 
dollars  have  been  invested  in  the  manufacture 
of  this  class  of  goods,  and  an  e<|ual  amount  of 
kalameined  door  depreciation  is  now  carried  by 
the  peoi)le  of  this  country;  but  in  view  of  the 
latei-  and  more  modern  developments,  the  days 
of  the  wood  core  fire  protections  are  counted, 
and  the  metal-covered  contraptions  will  soon  be 
a  thing  of  the  ])ast. 

In  their  place,  and  to  more  ade(|uately  meet 
tJM'   re(|uirements  of  these  modern   times,  the 


hollow  metal  doors  and  trim  were  put  on  the 
market  about  ten  years  ago.  In  developing  the 
hollow-metal  door  idea  the  inventor  had  to 
break  away  from  the  precedent  and  start  out 
along  original  lines,  by  cutting  out  the  weak 
spots  entirely  and  replacing  it  with  what  has 
proven  to  be  the  last  work  of  door  and  trim  con- 
struction--a  door  of  cold-drawn  steel  ]irovided 
with  air  chambers  to  insulate,  instead  of  wood, 
which  would  char  and  collapse  at  the  most 
critical  UKunent.  This  door  has  i)roved  itself 
effectively  fireproof,  handsome,  economical  and 
where  properly  cared  for,  practically  everlast- 
ing. Therein  is  the  evolution  of  the  hollow- 
metal  door.  The  replacing  of  wood  and  all 
other  combustible,  or  semi-combustible,  interior 
trim  with  cold-drawn  steel  was  a  comparatively 
easy  and  simj^le  matter.  Wherever  custom  call- 
ed for  the  installation  of  wood  for  these  pur- 
poses its  absolute  elimination  was  now  made 
|)ossible. 

A  building  equipped  throughout  with  hollow- 
metal  doors  and  trim,  and  being,  of  course, 
otherwise  fireproof,  simply  means  that  vou  have 
done  away  with  everything  which  can  burn  with 
the  exception  of  the  contents  of  the  building. 
Every  room,  compartment  or  floor  has  been 
literally  converted  into  an  isolated  unit.  Such 
an  equipment  will  confine  the  fire,  and  combait 
it  by  virtually  the  only  possible  successful 
method,  namely,  starvation.  T\'1ien  the  eon- 
tents  of  the  ]iarticular  unit  in  which  the  fire 
originates  are  consumed  the  fire  is  extinct,  be- 
cause it  has  nothing  more  to  feed  upon.  What- 
ever the  structure,  be  it  a  skyscraper,  loft  or 
office  building,  theatre,  hotel,  post  office,  hos- 
pital, residence,  school,  steam  vessel,  battleship 
or  railroad  oar,  if  it  is  otherwise  fireproof  the 
installation  of  hollow-metal  doors  and  trim 
makes  it  entirely  so,  or  eft'eobively  completes  the 
fireproofing  by  the  elimination  of  these  ma- 
terials which  can  be  consumed  by  fire. 

The  necessity  for  fireproof  equipment  for 
buildings  is  now  so  well  recognized  that 
si)eciifications  for  a  really  ideal  modern  fireproof 
building  generally  calls  for  metal  doors  and 
ti'im  throughout;  but  these  should  be  specified 
at  least  for  openings  in  fire  walls,  stair  halls, 
elevator  doors  and  enclosures,  fire  towers,  fire 
esca))es  and  all  vertical  shafts,  the  openings  to 
which  should  be  protected  against  the  fire 
siireading  throughout  the  building,  rendei'ing 
the  building  semi-fireproof.  The  (|uality  of 
workmanshi]),  construction  and  finish  obtain- 
able in  this  line  of  products  makes  them  jmrti- 
cularly  suited  for  tiiese  jniri^ses,  foi-  such 
buildings  as  hotels,  schools,  office  buildings, 
theatres,  hospitals,  ))ubli('  buildings,  residences, 
libraries,  nuiseums,  club  buildings,  etc.,  or  in 
other  word-;,  buildings  in  whidi  high-cliass,  satis- 
factory finish   is   required. 


82 


CONSTRUCTION 


America's  First  Public  Abattoir 

Toronto  Leads  in  Establishment  of  Civic  Abattoir 


C CANADA  has  been  until  roceiit  years  some- 
J  wliat  l!U'kiii,<i-  ill  institutions  of  public  serv- 
ice, and  for  this  reason  the  new  municipal  abat- 
toir, recently  opened  in  Toronto,  is  of  more  than 
passing'  interest. 

Added  to  tliis,  the  building  illustrated  in  this 
issue  represents  the  best  in  modern  consti'uc- 
tion  and  eipiipinent  adapted  for  the  i)uri)ose 
wliicli  it  serves. 

The  necessity  of  proper  inspection  of  meat, 
wliich  enters  so  largely  into  the  daily  fare  of  a 
city  grown  to  a  population  of  over  500,000,  and 
the  desire  on  the  part  of  the  city  fathers  to  have 
all  meats  i)repared  under  modern  sanitary  con- 
ditions, a  desire  furthered  by  a  vote  of  sanction 
on  the  i)art  of  the  citizens,  led  to  the  establish- 
ment of  America's  first  civic  abattoir. 

Here  the  smaller  Imtcher  has  all  tlie  ecpii})- 
ment,  if  not  more  than  the  private  owned  abat- 
toir, and  the  facilities  at  his  disposal  compel 
cleaidiness. 

The  city  stockyards  on  Tecumseth  street  pro- 
vide a  site  for  the  new  building,  wliich,  while 
close  to  the  centre  of  the  business  section  of  the 
city,     is    on     the    extreme    southern    frontier, 


se|)arated  from  the  shore  of  'I'oroiilo  IJax  !)> 
the  tracks  of  the  dififrciit  railwjiys  which  ciilcr 
the  city  fi-om  llic  north  and  west,  and  provides 
excellent  slii|iping  facilities. 

In  no  wa.\',  either  within  or  without,  is  any- 
thing ol),j('cti()iiai)le  attached  to  the  building- 
located  here,  wliich  structurally  is  an  ac(piisition 
to  the  district. 

The  ])lant  is  contained  in  two  buildings,  at- 
tached by  enclosed  ))assageways,  the  main  por- 
tion including  oflico.  killing  rooms,  refrigera- 
tion, cold  storage  rooms,  etc.,  while  tlie  render- 
ing and  offal  disposing  plant  is  located  in  a 
separate  building. 

The  main  building  dimensions  are  oiie  hun- 
dred and  eighty  feet  by  one  hundred  and  eighty 
feet,  and  the  rendering  building  ocx;u])ies  space 
of  one  hundred  feet  wtjuare. 

The  exterior  walls  are  of  Canadian  buJ'f 
brick,  while  the  interior  walls  in  part  are  of 
white  glazed  brick. 

The  floors  are  of  hollow  tile  and  brick  con- 
struction, which  is  not  affected  by  continued 
flusliing  with  water. 

Steel  frame  work  carries  the  roof,  which  is 


^^^rrTT^rnrn  ! ' i m i-h i-'-h ! I M M I II II ! irrrr^ 

[iiiti'iiBaKBiBiiBaEtmiagMisiiMSM^ 


:|Kii:^3^^^ 


NOFiTll     KI.KVATION     TdliO.STO    MIXICII'AI,    ABATTOIR,    TORONTO.  WM.    R.    PERRI.V    &   COMPANY,   ENGINEERS,   TORONTO. 


CONSTRUCTION 


83 


Si 


J 


UKOfND    FLOOK    PLAN,    TORONTO    MTNICirAL    ABATTOIIi. 


of  felt  and  grave],  witli  red  Spanisli  tile  on  the 
towers  and  mansard  slope. 

On  the  ground  flooi-  of  the  main  building'  is 
ioeated  the  general  offices,  and  separate  cold 
storage  rooms,  the  walls  of  the  latter  being  of 
cork  insulation.  Dining  and  toilet  accommoda- 
tion is  provided  for  the  operators. 

The  first  floor  of  this  two-storey  buildmg 
contains  the  killing  and  cooling  rooms,  with 
separate  accommodation  for  twenty-two  butch- 
ers to  slaughter  and  i>repare  the  product. 

The  rendering  building  is  of  three  storeys  and 
basement,  and  contains  the  eciuipment  for  ])re- 
paring  the  by-products,  which  is  an  im]>ortant 
part  of  tliis  trade. 

The  basement  is  used  in  storage  of  the  hides, 
an<l  the  ground  floor  contains  the  fertilizer 
plant. 

On  tlie  first  floor  evaporators  and  casing  ma- 
chinery is  installed,  while  the  second,  or  top 
floor,  includes  fat  washing  e(|uipment. 

The  interior  walls  throughout  this  latter 
building  ar(>  composed  of  vitrified  brick. 


!lil 


.L 


Q 


'li^iUMmMaMOfleaeQiJiMJiJuuit^^ 


DETAIL    OF    STAIRWAY    AND    HALL    TORONTO    MTNICIPAL    ABATTOIR. 

The  power  plant  is  housed  in  a  sei)arate  build- 
ing, sixty-four  feet  s(|uare,  and  wliile  tlie  motive 
])ower  for  the  hoists,  refrigeration  machinery, 
l)resses,  dryers  and  rendering  house  machinery 
is  electricity,  steam  is  largely  used  and  provides 
for  rendering,  cooking  and  heating  of  the  plant. 
All  i)ens  are  of  steel,  raised  six  inches  to  per- 
mit of  washing  the  entire  floor  and  preventing 
any  accumulation  of  dirt. 

Overhead  conveyors  and  tracks  connect  all  de- 
pai'tments  and  make  the  use  of  trucks,  etc.,  un- 
necessary. 

REFRIGERATION   EQUIPMENT. 

Steam  is  su])i)lied  by  two  tubular  boilers  of 
one  hundie  1  and  fifty  horse-power  each,  with  a 
woiking  ])ressure  of  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
five  pounds.  Two  ammonia  comi)ressors  are  in- 
stalled of  sufficient  cai)acity  each  to  supply  the 
entire  plant,  and  are  also  cross  connected,  so 
that  either  or  l)()tli  may  be  used  as  occasion  re- 
quires, one  machine  being  direct  connected  to  a 
steam    engine,    while   the   other   is   electrically 


•^.^tLj^ul  -.1.^^  ,  ,U ,.., i~^  I,  ,(!,,<  -m  ,  .  ^ 


SKlTIDX    KA«T    AND    WK.ST    TOKO.NTO    MINK'IPAL    ABATTOIR.  \VM.   R.    PERRIN    &    COMPANY,    ENaiNEBUS,   TORONTO. 


84 


CONSTRUCTION 


driven.  Tlie  cDUipressioii  side  consists  of  six 
stacks  ol"  iiinnioniii  condensers  of  tlie  double- 
l)i|i('  coimtcr-cnrrent  type,  each  stack  being 
twelve  pipes  ]iif;:li  by  nineteen  feet  long.  The 
coiidcMsers  are  e(|uii)ped  witii  pnr^e  and  wasii 
ont  lieaders  and  valves,  in  addition  to  the  nsua' 
inlet  and  ontlet  annnonia  and  water  valves.  The 
other  machine  has  on  the  compression  side  r 
double  type  ammonia  cimdenser  consisting?  of 
six  stacks,  fifteen  pipes  hi<>h  and  twenty  feet 
lonji;.  All  pipes  fi'om  the  machines  are  insulated 
witli  coi'k  coverin,!?-.  'I'iie  cold  storaj^'e  and  freez- 
ing rooms  comprise  ten,  five  being  low  tempera- 
ture on  the  north  side  and  five  of  liigli  tempera- 
ture on  the  south  side,  ranging  in  degree  from 
zero  to  thirty-five  F.  Tlie  walls  and  ceilings 
are  finished  with  cement,  and  the  floor  witli  incli 
and  a  (piarter  brick,  tlie  rooms  being  insulated 
with  cork  from  three  to  six  inclies  thick.  The 
rooms  are  cooled  with  about  22,()()0  feet  of  two- 
incli  expansion  coils  placed  in  the  freezers  on 
the  ceiling  and  on  the  walls  in  tlie  liigher  tem- 
perature rooms,  connected  to  two  four-incli  re- 
tui'u  suction  nuiins  and  one  inch  and  a  (piarter 
li(|uid  feed  main,  the  two  suction  mains  allow 
for  two  diffei'eiit  i)ressures  to  ))e  carried  in  tlie 
cooler  coils,  for  the  freezer  and  higher  tempera- 
tui'e  rocmis  res])ectively. 


CANADIAN  LUMBER  COMES  IN  lO 
ITS  OWN 

The  decision  of  the  various  Dominion  (iov- 
ernment  dei)artments  and  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific  railway  to  use  Canadian  timber  only, 
to  the  exclusion  of  imported  timber,  is  a  decided 
advantage  to  Canada. 

Southern  pine,  in  1915,  was  imported  to  the 
extent  of  J)5,()()(),()()()  feet,  liaving  a  value  of  over 
$;5,0()(),0()().  In  ))revious  years,  very  much  larger 
quantities  were  imported  des]»ite  an  adverse 
trade  balance  for  Canada  and  in  the  face  of  a 
sujjply  in  Canada  of  better  timber  at  an  eipial 
or  lower  cost,  grown  and  manufactured  entirely 
within  the  Dominion. 

The  Dominion  Government  will  use  Douglas 
fir  to  ]-ei)lace  Southern  i)ine  in  such  works  as 
Quebec  and  Montreal  harbor  improvements 
and  Hudson  Hay  terminals.  Douglas  fir  has 
l)eeu  used  entirely  in  the  Toronto  Harbor 
works,  as  a  clause  was  inserted  in  that  contract 
calling  for  Canadian  material.  The  action  of 
Baron  Shaughnessy  in  luling  that  Canadian 
timber  only  shall  be  used  in  works  of  the  ("ana- 
dian  Pacific  Railway  shows  that  large  private 
ii.sers  are  also  finding  it  consistent  with  |)resent 
conflitions  to  use  Canadian  products. 


INTKKKll;    VIKW    (IF    TOFidNTO   CIVIC    ABATTOIR.        WM.    R.    PEISRIN    &    COMPANY,    ENGINEERS.    TORONTO. 


The  Education  of  Public  Taste 

B,    D  i,  JESSE  BEi^EDlC r  CARTER.  Director  of  the  Anwrican  Academy  at  Rome 


TWO  years  ago  I  had  the  great  privilege  of 
addressing  this  institute,  and  when  I  think 
that  at  that  time  I  had  the  chikllike  and  simple 
audacity  to  prophesy  to  yon  that  we  were  aj)- 
proaching  tlie  Middle  Ages,  I  tremble  to-night 
at  what  1  may  say,  and  at  the  gruesome  way  in 
whicli  the  fulfihnont  of  that  prophecy  has  been 
revealed  in  the  last  eighteen  months.  I  told  you 
then  that  we  were  approaching  the  Middle  Ages. 
They  have  not  only  come,  but  they  are  in  full 
darkness.  Euroi)e  is  very  dark  to-day.  She  is 
dark  physically,  for  fear  of  the  terror  that  flieth 
by  night.  She  is  dark  spiritually,  for  the  bub- 
bling up  of  that  i)eri)etual  (|uery,  "(7»j  honof" 
-What  is  it  all  about! 

And  still  we  stand  in  an  age  of  i)roi)hecy,  and 
prophecy  goes,  if  you  will,  very  cheap.  We 
have  old  men  seeing  visions  and  young  men 
dreaming  dreams.  We  have  our  peace  shi])s. 
We  have  our  peace  congresses  of  mothers  and 
wives  getting  together  and  throwing  tliem- 
selves,  in  good  old  Roman  fashion,  between  the 
combatants.  These  are  strange  days,  my 
brethren. 

•An  address  delivered  at  the  annual  dinner  of  the  American 
Institute    of    Architects. 


The  history  of  them  is  full  of  those  things 
that  are  so  simple,  — that  seem  to  us  so  tragic. 
And,  in  the  midst  of  this  prophecy,  I  have  only 
one  i)i-ophecy  that  1  dare  to  make  to-night,  and 
that  is  that  when  this  war  is  over  the  result 
of  it,  whichever  way  victory  may  lie,  will  be 
felt  in  tlie  Tnited  States  more  than  anywhere 
else  in  this  world.  And  yet,  I  understand  we 
dare  not  talk  about  preparedness ;  we  must  wait 
until  the  time  has  come  when  we  must  be  pre- 
pared. 

But  that  is  not  my  subject  to-night.  I  would 
not  have  chosen  my  subject  as  it  is;  it  was 
given  me  by  one  of  the  institute,  who  asked  me 
to  speak  on  the  "Education  of  Public  Taste." 
Now  that,  to  me,  is  an  unnecessary  thing  to 
speak  of  in  the  presence  of  this  institute.  To 
you,  who  are  doing  all  things,  it  seems  impos- 
sible that  I  should  tell  anything  about  the  pos- 
sibilities of  educating  public  taste;  all  the  more 
so  when,  as  I  could  not  hear,  I  came  and  saw  the 
growth,  the  wonderful  strides  that  public  taste 
is  making  year  by  year.  I  stand  in  rapt  ad- 
miration of  what  you  are  all  doing  to  give  us 
the  expression  of  those  things  that  are  latent 
in  all  true  Americans. 


':i.  ■   h;;rAi;  r.viKN  r   ()!■'    ikhskiikmi   siMiCNri-;   lirii.niNi:.    rdijiiNTo. 

This  WH»  a  Blft  to  tlie  I'niversity  of  Torontc  Ironi  tlic  late  Mrs.   .Massev  Trolilc.  whoilieil  in  Santa  iJarliara  la.st  Novt^ni- 
lier.     Uy  her  wil(  an  endowment  fund  of  $1(10,000  is  left  to  this    ii'.HlJtution. " 

85 


86 


CONSTRUCTION 


Hut,  scciiiij  I  liavf  Ik'cii  asked  to  tlo  it,  1  ilo  it 
ill  tiic  saiiic  spirit  in  wliicli  tlic  n'(|U('st  ciiiiU';  for 
I  can  tliiiik  of  iiotliiiifi;  more  toiiciiiiiH;  tliaii  tlie 
Tact  that  you  who  arc  (loiiif?  these  things  sliouM 
so  entirely  for  tiic  iiioiiiciit  forjrct  your  coinniis- 
sioiis  in  the  spirit  of  the  realization  of  your 
omissions,  that  you  should  write  i)aniplilets  and 
circulate  documents  and  puhlisli  a  journal,  in 
the  hope  that  you  may  he  able  to  rouse  America 
to  a  sense  of  the  necessity  of  the  edueation  of 
jmblic  taste.  It  seems  to  me  such  a  wonderful 
tliinji:-  so  old,  so  ancient!  Like  the  patriarch 
that  labored  all  those  years  and  forgot  tiieni,  for 
the  love  lie  bore  to  her- the  love  you  bear  to 
your  art. 

And  so,  in  the  spirit  of  perfectly  straightfor- 
ward honesty,  and  having  been  asked  to  answer 
this  (piestion,  I  ))roi)ose  to  say  something  to  yon 
that  may  seem  very  crude.  It  may  have  the 
transcendental  uselessness  of  tliose  coun.sels 
that  transgress  all  the  rules  because  they  seem 
to  discourage  reasonable  etH'ort. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  when  we  look  at  the  be- 
ginnings of  public  taste,  we  must  look  at  the 
history  of  our  country.  .\nd  there  is  a  thing 
that  could  be  written  in  a  wonderful  way,  if 
someone  could  only  do  it^the  story  of  how  in 
the  progress  of  our  country,  our  history,  we 
have  gradually  forgotten  the  individual  entirely 
and  gone  into,  not  only  tlie  psycliology  of  mob- 
motion,  but  the  personal  ai)i)reciation  only  of 
the  mass. 

We  understand  it  perfectly.  Our  ancestors 
came  uj*  with  the  most  wonderfully  developed 


taste,  a  small  community.  Kxcept  tin-  ancient 
(ireeks,  there  wa>  never  a  community  in  the 
world  so  perfectly  individualistic,  so  absolutely 
personal,  as  tiie  Kastern  Atlantic  States  in  the 
seventeenth  and  eighteenth  centuries.  And 
then  there  came  that  great,  sublime  ideal,  -no 
man  can  have  rea.son  that  speaks  against  it,— 
thiit  ideal  that  this  Continent  must  be  ours;  we 
must  possess  it;  we  must  cultivate  it;  we  must 
cover  it  with  a  network  of  railroads;  we  must 
extract  its  mineral  wealth;  we  must  populate  it 
-l)y  ourselves,  and  by  hordes  of  those  who 
would  eome  to  us  in  the  great  principle— gradu- 
ally diluting,  if  you  will  in  which  our  an<;estors 
came  here  first. 

P>ut  in  that  i)rocess  we  have  long  lost  the  ap- 
preciation of  the  cop|)er  cent.  From  the  cent 
we  have  passed  to  the  dollar;  from  the  dollar 
we  have  pas.sed  to  the  thousands  of  dollais; 
from  the  thousands  to  the  millions.  And,  in  the 
same  sense,  the  individual  went  into  the  mass. 
It  is  so  much  easier  to  handle  the  dollar  than 
one  hundred  copper  cents.  So  much  easier  to 
speak  of  one  liiin  lied  human  beings  than  one 
hundred  personalities. 

So  we  have  gone  on  massing,  massing,  mass- 
ing- working  with  masses  until  our  alienists, 
teaching  us  m()b-i)sychology,  in  order  to  make 
the  vicious  circle  complete,  divide  us  into  double, 
triple,  (piadruple  personalities  — until  we  are  in 
danger  of  making  little  mobs  inside  ourselves. 
And,  when  those  little  mobs  come  into  existence, 
we  may  feel,  ])erha])s,  more  at  lionie,  because 
we  are  so  much  more  accustomed  to  dealing  with 


A    COLONIAL    HOISE    IX    CONSEOTICIKT,    I'.S.A 


A    COLONIAL     HOrSK    IX    (-ONNKCTieiW ,     I'.O.A. 

To  Uif  iiiiini'di.'iti'  rear  of  tho  house,  sturdy  oaks  raise  their  branches,  while  sloping  lawns  retire  gracefully  to  the 
w.ilers  oi  llu-  .Souml.  An  effectivi'  lomh  is  added  to  the  charm  of  house  and  grounds  by  the  high  white  fence  of  Colonial 
palings   wliicli   coiuplitely  encloses  the   land.     The  approach    lead.s  through  the  sunken  gardens,  a  section  of  which  is  visible 

in  till'  ac TupMTiving  illustiation,  across  the  grassy  terraces   to    the    severely    simple    Doric    portico    which    dominates    the 

facatio. 


CONSTRUCT/ON 


87 


masses  than  witli  individuals.  We  may,  pei- 
liaps,  feel  a  certain  old-fasliioned  sense  of  shame 
in  the  presence  of  a  little  internal  mob. 

1  say  this  in  all  seriousness,  for  it  seems  to 
me  that  the  only  problem  we  have  to  deal  with 
in  this  difficulty  in  regard  to  jjublic  taste  is  the 
problem  of  private  taste  and  the  problem  of  the 
elevation  of  individuality.  Taste  is  the  most 
personal  thing  in  the  world.  Lt  is  quite  as  i)ei-- 
sonal  as  religion.  A  public  taste  could  be,  of 
course,  the  taste  of  a  committee  ai)i)ointed  by 
some  political  or  organized  mass;  but  it  would 
simply  be  then  the  standardizing  of  the  tastes 
of  its  members. 

We  may  go  beyond  tliat.  We  may  develop 
a  taste  among  ourselves  that  may  be  harmoni- 
ous. And  that  is  what  we  are  doing.  To  in- 
culcate the  whole  thing,  it  is  an  absolute  neces- 
sity that  we  should  develo})  private  taste— that 
people  should  come  into  harmony  with  their  sur- 
roundings. The  trouble  is  simply  that  we  as  a 
nation  have  foi-gotten  for  a  moment  the  neces- 
sity of  appreciating  individuality. 

A  man  goes  through  the  streets  of  New  York, 
his  miml  filled  with  wonderful  schemes  for  hello- 
ing tlie  masses.  He  gets  on  the  tram,  he  gets  off 
the  tram,  and  he  doesn't  see  the  man  who  nnis 
that  tram,  lie  would  do  a  great  deal  more  good 
if  he  recognized  the  personality  of  that  tram- 
('•niductor. 


lieally,  rowdies  are  themselves  the  most 
courteous  men  in  the  world,  if  you  only  realize 
that.  1  come  here  and  I  say  to  the  lift  boy, 
"please,"  and  the  man  takes  his  hat  off  to  me 
a  year  afterwai-d.  1  say  to  tlie  man,  "Forty- 
two,  if  you  i)lease,"  and  he  says,  "Certainly, 
sir;  thank  you." 

But  this  is,  after  all,  only  the  api)reciation 
of  individuality.  What  other  difficulty  is  there? 
These  persons  having  been  crushed  by  this 
massing  movement— they  are  individuals  — 
what  are  they  (h)ing  ?  They  are  trying  to  escape 
individuality,  poor  things,  by  being  all  alike! 
We  establish  in  this  country  the  great  ]>rinciple 
that  all  men  are  free  and  equal;  and  then  "we 
s{)end  all  the  time  trying  to  be  equal,  and  never 
try  to  be  free. 

Speaking  for  the  masses,  what  is  the  freedom 
of  our  intellectual  life!  It  is  the  e(piality  of 
the  headline  in  the  newspajoers.  It  does  our 
thinking  for  us;  it  does,  usually,  our  reading 
for  us.  And  what  is  the  freedom  of  our  jorivate 
dress,  of  our  habitations!  We  stand  there  un- 
der that  anamiic  influence  of  commercial  adver- 
tising. We  find  that  the  wonderful  Icthyosaurus 
Department  Store  has  ten  thousand  lingerie 
gowns  at  ten  dollars,  and  at  once  ten  thousand 
women  nmst  buy  those  ten  thousand  lingerie 
gowns.  We  find  that  the  men  who  "saw  that 
hump"  put  it  on  the  toe  of  the  shoe;  and  there- 


"KrCLIU     HAI.l.,"    K(JK    .MANY     VKAUS    THK    MASSEY    RESIDKXCE. 

This  han<l»ome  houoc  on  Jarvis  street,  Toronto,  was  for  years  the  residence  of  the  hito  Hart  A.  Massey,  and  afterward.1 
of  his  (JaUBhter.  Mrs.  .Massey  Treble.  By  the  will  of  the  latter,  "Kiiclid  Hall,"  together  with  all  the  land  In  connection  there- 
with, is  devjsed  to  such  corporation  created  and  organized  for  educational,  hospital  or  other  purposes  in  connection  with  the 
"ethodist  Church  of  Canada  as  the  trustees  mav  in  their  dLsoretion  appoint:  if  for  educational  purpo.ses  to  he  known  as 
'Thelps-Massey    College,"    and    if    for    hospital    purposes   as    "Methodist   Deaconess  Hospital"   or  "Methodist  Hospital," 


88 


CONSTRUCTION 


upon  all  our  sliocs  wore  humps,  until  we  re- 
bolk'd  and  sent  thoni  to  Europe,  where  they 
are  still  woarinja:  tlieni. 

Now,  wo  may  not  be  able  to  cure  these  things. 
T  do  not  see  how  we  are  ^o'mv:  to  stop  them.  At 
tlie  same  time,  don't  forjyet  that  they  oup;ht  to 
be  stopi)e<l.  Don't  fi:ive  up  the  jj,"i('i»t  ideal,  the 
j)ossibility  of  edueation  along  these  lines. 

Don't  you  see?  We  are  not  all  of  us  as  we 
were  yesterday.  We  know,  more  than  we  ever 
knew  before,  that  we  are  a  very  mixed  nation ; 
there  are  so  many  of  these  "ignorant  foreign- 
ers" comina:  in  every  day. 

They're  the  people  who  go  to  the  museum  on 
Sundays. 

They  are  men  and  women  who  know  a  good 
picture  when  they  see  it.  They  know  it  is  a 
good  picture,  not  because  it  cost  a  million  dol- 
lars, not  because  the  artist  died  last  week,  but 
because  the  picture  speaks  to  them  with  the  still, 
small  voice  of  their  own  admiration. 

Those  are  the  people  that  are  ignorant,  and 
the  ])eople  that  are  following  in  our  lead. 

Tliere  was  once  a  man  in  this  world  who  did 
more  for  culture  than  most  men  have  ever  done 
--Saint  Benedict.  He  founded  a  monastic  rule. 
Tn  his  rule,  he  puts  the  doctrine  of  stahilitas— 
stability.  Don't  you  see,  we  need  that  rule.  We 
need  a  little  bit  of  the  recognition  of  the  value 
of  the  pools  and  backwaters.  There  is  where 
your  culture  stands.  We  don't  know  the  people 
that  have  had  the  most  of  it.  Thousands  of 
tliem  we  have  never  met.  They  are  the  quiet 
])eople,  the'^'',s7r(^;7?7r/,s-loving  people.  They  sit 
(|uietly  in  their  pools  and  their  backwaters,  and 
the  great  stream  rushes  on. 

.\nd  culture  lives  in  the  jiools  and  backwaters, 
lives  on  things  that  have  been  done  away  with 
now.  All  taste  is  barnacles,  if  you  will;  but  as 
soon  as  we  wipe  and  wash  and  vacmim-clean  all 
our  civilization,  where  is  the  residuum,  the  sedi- 
mentary deposit,  from  which  these  precious 
things  are  to  arise?  When  we  tind  ))ools  and 
backwaters  we  organize  movements  that  will 
drain  these  things  into  the  great  rushing  stream, 
instead  of  letting  them  lie  there  and  respecting 
them. 

This  all  seems  criticism.  Tt  is  not  criticism 
of  anything  you  have  done,  only  criticism  of 
conditions  called  forth  by  the  sjiirit  of  our  time. 
We  have  not  had  time  to  do  these  tilings  yet, 
yon  say.  Perhaps  we  have  not,  but  let  us  take 
a  (piarter  of  an  hour  a   day  and   think   about 

tluMU. 

On  tile  otlier  hand,  what  we  have  done  is  so 
wonderful  !  Yon  men  have  written  thesp  living 
hooks  that  can  be  read  — that  lie  who  rvms  may 
read.  Most  pcoi)le  are  vnnnimi-  here,  and  so  T 
su|)pos('  that  is  the  most  po|)nlar  literature. 

Take,  for  instance.  Xcw  "^'oik.  Take  a  man 
who  i~;  able  to  |)nt  tlic  blessing  of  (iod  in  the 
shap(»  of  a  catlicdral.  or  a  skyscrajter:  who  is 


able  to  make  a  Woolworth  Building  into  a  sort 
of  amphibious  thing,  half  commercial  and  half 
diviiu'.  Take  your  lailway  stations.  T  entei-ed 
the  gate  of  one  to-day,  a  wonderful  building,  the 
great  T'ennsylvania  station  in  New  York.  I 
entei-ed  it  some  two  years  ago,  a  dark  winter 
morning,  at  seven  o'clock,  and  there  was  a  light 
such  as  I  had  never  seen  in  such  a  place,  a  light 
such  as  exists  in  the  Pantheon— that  blue,  pur- 
pie  dawn,  scattei'ing  itself  in  those  coffers.  T 
forgot  myself.  T  forgot  T  was  in  this  prosaic 
America,  and,  standing  before  the  man  that  was 
going  to  sell  me  my  ticket,  T  exclaimed,  "Oh! 
this  is  wonderful."  Then  I  hesitated,  somewhat 
confused;  but  T  was  agreeably  surprised.  The 
man  said,  "My  dear  man,  I  am  the  night  ticket 
man,  and  that  is  what  I  sit  up  waiting  for.  Isn't 
it  beautiful?" 

You  take  a  city  which  has  on  its  Fifth  Avenue 
a  church  like  St.  Tliomas',  and  when  we  walk 
that  avenue  it  divides  itself  into  two  parts  for 
almost  everyl)ody  — until  you  have  seen  it,  and 
afterward  when  you  are  thinking  about  it. 

The-  history  of  taste  is  a  most  marvelous 
series  of  vicissitudes.  Tn  the  ancient  world  it 
stood  again  and  again  at  the  brink  of  failure. 
There  came  a  time  when  the  city  of  Rome  was  in 
the  balance,  when  Totila  had  cay)tured  it  and 
was  i)reparing  to  raze  it  to  the  grcnmd,  in  order 
to  celebrate  his  victory.  Those  things  are  not  so 
far  away  now  as  they  once  seemed.  He  was 
l)rei)aring  to  i-aze  that  wonderful  city  to  the 
ground  simply  to  show  his  ,ioy  in  acquiring  that 
valuable  y)iece  of  i-eal  estate,  and  the  Imperial 
General,  Belisarius,  wrote  him  a  letter  saying: 
"Great  cities  are  not  the  work  of  one  genera- 
tion of  men,  or  of  one  age,  but  of  countless  ages. 
And  surely  of  all  cities  in  this  world  the  fairest 
is  the  city  of  Rome.  And  therefore,  0  Totila, 
should  you  destroy  this  city,  and  should  you 
fail  to  win  this  wai',  what  can  you  expect  of  us, 
of  pity  or  mercy,  after  you  have  destroyed  it? 
Whereas,  if  you  win  the  war,  how  sorry  will 
you  be  that  you  have  destroyed  the  brightest 
.iewel  in  your  crown." 

Totila  spared  Rome,  and  in  sparing  Rome  he 
left  to  it  that  building  which  of  all  buildings  is 
the  most  wonderful  — the  Pantheon.  He  left  that 
building,  and  Boniface  came  and  rescued  it  by 
making  it  into  the  Church  of  St.  "Nfary  and  the 
Martyrs.  And  so  it  has  stood  there  down  into 
the  present. 

And  when  we  stand  in  that  Pantheon,  and  see 
that  moving  light  and  shade  which  thousands 
and  thousands  of  our  fathers  have  seen,— our 
spiritual  fathers,— it  means  a  beautiful  thing 
which  is  not  made  by  man,  except  in  so  far  as 
its  effects  bring  out  the  beauty  of  God.  Those 
are  the  things  in  this  world  which  create  ta<te. 
They  educate  our  taste.  And  (Jud  be  merciful 
to  those  who,  in  any  case,  destroy  a  monument 
.such  as  that! 


New  Building  of  The  Robert  Simpson  Co. 


A  Modern  Fireproof  Building 


ONE  of  the  larg'e  buildings  now  under  way 
in  Toronto  is  that  of  the  Robert  Simpson 
Co.,  which  is  being-  erected  on  Mutual  street,  just 
north  of  Wilton  avenue,  on  a  site  extending 
through  to  Dalhousie  street  on  the  rear. 

The  building  covers  the  whole  site,  and  is  one 
hundred  and  fifteen  feet  by  two  hundred  and 
seventy-nine  feet,  and  will  be  eleven  storeys  in 
height,  to  contain  the  mail  order  business  of  the 
company,  which  has  grown  to  an  extent  that 
makes  necessary  the  space  to  be  provided  by  the 
structure  illustrated  herewith. 

Reinforced  concrete  of  mushroom  construc- 
tion, with  brick  panels,  provide  a  handsome  and 
durable  exterior,  and  is  in  line  with  modern 
fireproof  practice.  In  the  front  above  the  first 
floor  no  pillars  are  shown,  leaving  an  unbroken 
front  of  glass  extending  from  the  two  towers, 
the  i)iers  being  set  back  to  provide  for  this  fea- 
ture.   The  first  floor  on  both  sides  extends  over 


an  areaway  where  all  deliveries  will  be  handled, 
and  while  the  building  has  a  rear  street  front- 
age two  bays  are  also  placed  there,  so  that  all 
handling  of  freight  will  be  on  the  property  of 
the  company,  and  will  not  interfere  with  street 
traffic  in  any  wa}\  A  steel  chimney  will  be 
erected  from  the  boiler  room. 


"Canada  should  seriously  take  u\)  the  ([ues- 
tion  of  engaging  her  ship-building  facilities," 
said  a  Scotch  shii)-builder  in  answer  to  a  ques- 
tion whether  the  Dominion  could  compete  with 
the  Clyde  or  Tyne  yards.  "Material  and  labor 
are  at  hand  in  Canada.  The  only  question 
hitherto  has  been  that  of  cost,  and  while  for- 
merly the  cost  of  building  in  British  j'ards  has 
been  six  pounds  per  ton  on  the  average,  it  has 
now  risen  to  fifteen,  which  is  higher  than  you 
should  be  able  to  build  them  in  the  Dominion." 


SKW    WAHEHOLSE  BUILDING   OK   THE   ROBERT    SIMPSON    CO.,    NOW    BEING    ERECTED    ON    MUTUAL     STREin       I 
MAX    DUNNING.    ARCHITECT.        BURKE^JIORWOOD    &    WHITE,    CONSULTING    ARCHITECTS,    TORONTO. 


The  Farmers'  Dairy  Building,  Toronto 


Snl  Til     ANI>    KliONT    KXTKUUll!    (IK    TIIK    KAKM^liS      DAIItV     111    ll.lll  N(i.    7")Kli.NTil 

rM  HE  Fanners'  J)airy  building,  completed  in 

1      1915,  offers  an  example  of  sim])lit'ity  and 
((uiet  dignity  as  applied  to  buildings  of  the  fac- 
tory tyi)e,  which  of  necessity  must  be  placed  in 
districts  more  or  less  residential.     The  site  of 
this  structure  is  on  Walmer  road,  Toronto,  im- 
mediately below  the  "Hill,"  where   it   is  sur- 
rounded by  homes.     In  selecting  this  location 
the  directors  had  in  view  the  receiving  of  the 
milk  from  the  dairy  farms  which  aboimd  in  York 
County,  the  highways  of  which  converge  close 
by,   wliile   a   railroad   line  from  more   distant 
))oints  is  close  at  hand.     This  site  also  makes 
for   (piiek   distribution    of 
the  dairy  products  to  the 
liomes  of  their  many  cus- 
tomers.     Nothing    objec- 
tionable   can    be    charged 
against  the  locating  of  the 
])lant  here,  as  smoke  and 
noise  are  entirely  abated, 
and  the  character  and  de- 
sign of  the  building  is  not 
out  of  harmony  with   the 
surroundings. 

This  building  is  con- 
structed of  reinforced 
concrete,  the  exterior  be- 
ing finished  with  a  coat  of 
cement  and  painted,  the 
use  of  exterior  facing  ma- 
terial being  eliminated. 
The  dairy  has  a  frontage 

of    one   hiuidred    and    five 

feet  by  ninety   feet  deep, 

and   contains  two   storeys 

and  basement.     Tn  the  ar- 


rangement of  the  interior 
three  important  processes 
were  to  be  ])rovi(|e(l  for, 
viz.:  Fix'st,  the  rcrciition 
of  the  milk  an. I  it^  con- 
veyance to  the  pasteuriz- 
ing room;  second,  recep- 
tion of  the  empty  bottles 
and  their  conveyance  to 
the  clean.sing  room;  third, 
the  conveyance  of  bottled 
milk  to  the  cold  storage 
rooms. 

A  glance  at  the  floor 
jjlans  will  show  how  well 
the  above  weie  arrangeil 
for,  and  all  waste  inotiou 
obviated. 

Throuiilinut     the    dairy 

pi'dper    \\(io:l    is    (■liiniiiat- 

ed ;     conci'ete,     steel     and 

glasv   ))rovide   for  modern   sanitation,   as    well 

as  making  same  absolutely  fireproof. 

In  the  modern  factoiy  inspection  of  prcx-ess 
I)j'  the  public  is  invited,  and  in  this  exauiph' 
l»rovision  has  been  nuule  for  the  closest  scrutin.\ 
l>y  having  visitors'  corridors  separated  from 
the  actual  machinery  by  partitions  of  glass. 

Tn  the  basement  are  placed  the  worksii(i|i.  re- 
frigeration e<iuipment,  dressing  roonr-  ami  pdW- 
er  plant.  Two  boilers  of  the  return  lulmlai- 
type  are  installed,  and  coal  is  delivered  through 
a  chute  in  areaway  direct  to  coal  room. 

Ill  achlition  to  the  refrigeration  e(|uii)inent  of 


NORTH    ANIl   REAR  EXTERIOR  OF  THE   FARMERS'   OAIRY   BflLmXO.       SYMONS    &    RAE,    ARCHITECTS.    TORONTO. 


90 


CONSTRUCTION 


91 


EF 


ira 


MTOWl...  i.ii.uagr3=n  ■ 


"  ''3i;i;3p*?tnb«"»*«F^=ji      I 


;1>07-  LLCVATlOn- 


::F1 


^'|HP|"  jEI?E3|  JHPI  [H|I-^  L 


t1"'"S="S^^^^^^^i^ 


tlie  couipany  wliit'li  was  removed  from  the  old 
])remises  on  Queen  street  west,  and  re-erected 
in  the  new  building,  the  following'  a]ii)aratus 
was  installed:  One  ammonia  condenser  and  re- 
ceiver, one  ammonia  oil  separator,  gauges,  brine 
tank,  brine  circulating  i)ump,  brine  cooler,  to- 


gether with  the  necessary  thermometers,  valves 
and  fittings. 

The  ammonia  compi-ession  system  of  refrig- 
eration is  used,  which,  briefly,  may  be  described 
as  follows:  Anhydrous  ammonia  is  used  as 
the  refrigerating  medium,  or  refrigerant,  pai-t- 
ly  on  account  of  its  high  latent  heat  of  vaporiza- 
tion or  heat  absorbing  ciuality,  and  partly  be- 
cause of  the  fact  that  it  may  be  rerKjuified  after 
expansion  and  vaporization  at  comparatively 
low  pressures.  In  its  natural  state,  at  atmos- 
pheric ])ressui'e  and  ordinary  temi)erature, 
anhydrous  ammonia  is  a  gas  or  vapor. 

The  refrigeration  process  takes  place  during 
the  transfoi-mation  of  the  ammonia  from  a 
li(piid  to  a  gas,  and  is  acconii)lished  by  allowing 
the  licjuid,  compressed  to  150-170  ]X)uuds 
(roughly),  to  jiass  through  a  special  valve, 
known  as  the  expansion  valve,  to  the  ex])ansion 
pil)ing,  in  which  a  much  lower  ])ressure  is  main- 
tained. The  ammonia  tends  to  vaporize  at  the 
lower  pressure,  but  in  oi-der  to  do  so  it  must  be 
sup])lied  with  a  certain  amount  of  heat,  namely, 
its  latent  heat  of  va])orization.  The  heat  is 
absorbed  from  the  surrounding  substances  oi- 
bodies  by  the  ammonia  in  its  passage  through 
the  i)iping  after  leaving  the  expansion  valve. 


D 


A- 


KOCf     OVER 


G 


OROUNO   PLOI)l!    I'l.AX.    KAFiMEIIs'   DAICY    lUlI.llINO,   TOKONTO.       SVMONS    &    RAE,   AlirHITECTS,    TOliONTO. 


92 


CONSTRUCTION 


BOARD   ROOM    OP  THE   KAHMEHS'   DAIRY    BUILDING,   TORONTO. 
.SVMONS    &     liAE,    ARCHITECTS,    TORONTO. 


'l'lii-<)Uf?h  the  expan.sion 
.side  of  tlie  jilaiit  tlie  now 
viipoiizwl  aimiioiiia  re- 
turns to  the  eomi)res.sor,  is 
ic-coiiipressed  and  forced 
throuj^h  tlie  (•oiidenser, 
wliere  it.s  latent  lieat  is 
iil).sorhed.  Fi-oni  tlie  con- 
denser the  ammonia  fiows 
into  tlie  receivinji;  tank, 
;ind  from  tliere  to  tlie  ex- 
pan.sion valve,  to  com- 
mence a<j:ain  its  cycle.  The 
expansion  takes  place 
tlironji:h  |)ipin<i:  i)laced  in 
dii-ect  communication  with 
tile  substance  to  be  cooled. 

The  pipe  covorinir  is  of 
sectional  moulded  cork, 
painted  with  black  as- 
jilialtum  paint. 

'i'lie  walls  and  partitions 
of  the  cold  storage  rooms 
are  of  liollow  tile,  covered 
over  with  two-inch  cork- 
board  in  a  one-half-inch 
bed  of  cement,  all  vertical 
joints  being  broken.  A 
second  two  inch  course  of 
corkboard  was  then  add- 
ed, laid  in  hot  asjihalt 
cement,  and  additionally 
secured  to  the  first  with 
galvanized  nails,  followed 
with  an  interior  course  of 
liollow  tile. 

The  floors,  of  concrete, 
were  first  covered  with 
four-inch  corkboard  in  two 
courses,  this  being  flooded 
with  hot  asphalt  and  a 
three-inch  working  con- 
crete surface  laid  over 
same.  Over  the  boiler 
room  six  inches  of  cork- 
board was  used  in  two 
courses,  laid  as  described 
above,  and  all  exposed 
hollow  tile  and  corkboard 
surfaces  on  walls  and  ceil- 
ings were  finished  with 
oiie-half-inch  cement  plas- 
ter, applied  in  two  coats 
with  a  float  finish.  A  tem- 
icrature  of  35  to  40  F.  is 
maintained  by  the  fan 
blast  system  on  a  basis  of 
twelve-hour  compression 
operation.  All  doors  are 
of  special  make. 

On  the  ground  floor  are 
located  the  receiving  and 
delivery   room.s,   can    and 


CONSTRUCTION 


93 


bottle  washing  depart- 
ment, storage  rooms,  etc., 
and  sales  rooms  occupy 
the  front  portion  of  this 
floor.  The  first  floor  com- 
prises general  offices, 
board  room,  laboratory, 
churning,  cooling,  storage 
and  stock  rooms.  In  the 
offices  and  board  room 
hardwood  floors  are  laid 
over  concrete.  Employ- 
ees' rest  rooms  and  show- 
er baths  are  also  a  feature 
of  this  plant. 

Since  the  erection  of  the 
dairy  building  work  was 
started  on  the  stables, 
which  is  now  nearing  com- 
pletion. This  building  is 
on  the  same  site,  but  some 
distance  away,  and  facing 
on  another  street.  Built 
of  concrete  reinforced  con- 
struction, this  structure 
will  contain  storage  for 
vehicles,  stabling  accommodation  on  the  second 
floor,  blacksmith,  carriage  and  paint  shops  com- 
pletely equipped. 

»  ♦  » — 

CANADIAN  STONE  PROTECTION; 

The  decision  of  the  Government  to  increase 
the  duty  on  dressed  stone,  announced  by  Mr. 
White  during  his  budget  speech,  is  the  result  of 
representations  made  by  stone  cutters  and  (juar- 
ry  owners  throughout  Canada.  The  ^lontreal 
Builders'  Exchange  have 
taken  a  foremost  part  in 
asking  the  Government  to 
give  increased  protection 
to  this  industry  and  have 
been  represented  on  two 
deputations  which  have 
waited  on  the  Government. 
The  stone  cutting  and 
quarry  trade  section  of 
the  Montreal  Builders ' 
pjxchange  presented  a 
very  strong  petition  to  the 
Minister  of  Finance,  set- 
ting forth  the  need  for 
higher  duties.  Tliey  then 
asked  for  a  specific  duty 
of  fi5  cents  a  cubic  foot  on 
building  stone  of  any  kind. 
sawn,  dressed,  hewn,  pol- 
ished, or  otherwise  manu- 
factured. The  Govern- 
ment, however,  projtoso 
that  the  duty  of  20  per 
cent,  on  dressed  stone 
should    remain    on    stone 


UE.NEltAI.    OKI-ICE    OF    THE    FARMERS      DAIRY    Bl.'ILDING,    TORONTO. 


sawn  on  two  sides,  but  if  sawn  on  four  sides  it 
will  pay  15  cents  per  100  lbs. ;  and  if  turned,  cut 
or  further  manufactured,  45  cents  per  100  lbs. 
The  Canadian  stonecutters  and  quarry  owners 
contend  that  there  is  ))Ienty  of  suitable  stone  in 
the  Dominion  for  all  purposes,  if  the  industry 
were  given  proi)er  protection,  although  archi- 
tects who  specify  Indiana  limestone  and  Ohio 
sandstone  state  they  do  so  for  the  reason  it  is 
most  suitable  for  their  purposes. 


.IIII.K     BOTTLING    ROOM     OK    THE    FARMERS'     DAIRY     RI'ILniXG.    TORO.N'TO. 


94 


CONSTRUCT/ON 


d^NSIRJCIOl 

A-  JOURNAL-  FOR  THE  •  ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERJNC   AND  •  CONTRACTING 

INTERESTS  ■  OF    CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER,  LIMITED.  PUBLISHERS 

WESTON  WRIGLEY.  GENERAL  MANAGER 
Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard  Streets 

Toronto         -  -  Canada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 
MONTREAL— 171  St.  James  Street 

W.  J.  Cameron,  Representative 

NEW   YORK— 10  East  43rd  Street 

A.  R.  Lowe.  Representative 


CORRESPONDENCE. — .Ml  correspondence  should  be  addressed 
to  "CONSTRUCTION."  Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard 
Streets,   Toronto,  Canada. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS. — Canada  and  Great  Britain.  $3.00  per  annum. 
United  States,  the  Continent  and  all  Postal  Union  countries, 
$4.00  per  annum.   In  advance.     Single  copies,   35c. 

ADVERTISEMENTS. — Changes  of,  or  n«w  advertisements  must 
reach  the  Head  Office  not  later  than  the  twenitletlh  of  the 
month  preceding  publication,  to  ensure  insertion.  Mailing 
date  is  on  the  tenth  of  each  month.  .Advertising:  rates  on 
application. 

CONTRIBUTIONS. — The  Kdltor  will  be  glad  to  consider  con- 
tributions dealins  with  matters  of  general  interest  to  the 
readers  of  this  Journal.  When  payment  is  desired,  this  fact 
should  be  stated.  We  are  always  glad  to  receive  the  loan 
of  photographs  and  plans  of  Interesting  Canadian  work.  The 
orlginaJa  will  be  carefully  preserved  and  duly  returned. 

Entered  as  Second  Class  Matter  In  the  Post  Office  at  Toronto, 
Canada. 


FRASER  S.  KEITH 


EDITOR  AND  MANAGER 


Vol.  IX       Toronto,  March,  1916       No.  3 


QUANTITIES  AND  CONTRACTS 

The  method  in  vogue  of  estimating-  from 
plans  and  speeifieations,  which  has  been  in  ex- 
istence during  the  past  generation,  and  po.s- 
sibly  longer,  is  about  to  be  superseded  by  a 
more  efficient  method. 

Xo  matter  how  many  men  or  firms  are  figur- 
ing a  building  each  takes  off  his  own  quantities 
and  figures  accordingly,  and  the  time  allowed 
for  determining  the  value  of  work  is  now,  gen- 
erally .■^peaking,  too  sliort.  Someone  has  said 
accuracy  is  too  often  sacrificed  for  speed.  Pres- 
ent methods  arc  conducive  to  error  and  i-esult- 
ing  ctmiplicatioiis.     Kstimating  as  it  is  now  done 


entails  an  immense  amount  of  wasted  time  and 
energy,  as  one  individual  could  take  off  the 
<|imntities  ready  for  pricing,  \\iierea.s  twenty, 
perhaps,  are  doing  the  .same  work,  all  going 
oxer  the  same  ground.  The  builder  in  the  vari- 
ous lines  wastes  a  great  deal  of  his  own  time 
and  the  time  of  men  in  his  employ  in  taking  off 
i|nantities  for  estimating.  If  this  wasted  time 
iind  energy  could  be  devoted  to  supervising 
actual  construction  woi-k  on  hand,  it  would  be 
much  l)etter  from  the  standpoint  of  efficiency, 
iind,  incidentally,  profit.  The  builder  may  not 
add  a  particular  item  for  the  wa.sted  time  and 
energy  in  an  estimate,  but  in  the  overhead  cost 
of  the  various  buildings  be  does;  it  b(H;omes  a 
serious  item  of  office  expcii>c,  and  tlierefore 
must  be,  and  is,  paid  for  eventually  by  the  own- 
ers, although  under  our  present  methods  he  may 
never  realize  the  fact. 

It  appears  that  we  are  wanting  in  efficient 
methods  in  this  particular.  Owners  may  pay 
in  the  end  many  times  over  for  taking  off  the 
(piantities  of  a  building;  this  would  not  be  the 
case  if  one  well-trained  person  were  to  take  such 
quantities  off  and  duj)licate  lists  of  tlusc  > pian- 
tities furnished  to  each  bidder  as  a  uniform 
basis  upon  which  to  figure.  This  would  help 
to  reduce  the  cost  of  construction  in  the  sense 
that  a  builder  would  be  able  to  devote  more 
time  to  the  work  he  has  in  actual  i)rogress.  He 
would  have  more  time  and  a  clearer  mind  with 
which  to  consider  the  numerous  questions  which 
always  arise  in  carrying  out  work;  greater 
efficiency  and  less  waste  would  result. 

It  would  seem,  therefore,  that  the  creation  of 
the  office  of  quantity  surveyor,  licensed  by  the 
Government,  or  apj^ointed  by  the  architectural 
associations,  is  desirable;  men  who  have  special 
training  in  this  work  and  who  are  responsible 
and  competent.  The  plans  and  specifications 
would  pass  into  his  hands  from  the  architect. 
His  duty  would  be  to  prepare  a  bill  of  quantities 
of  the  various  materials  required  for  the  con- 
struction of  the  building.  This  bill  of  quanti- 
ties, with  the  plans  and  specifications  to  be  .sub- 
mitted to  the  various  bidders  who  are  to  figure 
the  work.  The  plans  and  specifi(!ations  to  in- 
dicate the  conditions  under  which  construction 
will  take  place,  height  of  building,  character  of 
work,  etc.,  and  the  bill  of  quantities  to  indicate 
the  quantity  of  materials  of  all  kinds  which  the 
successful  bidder  is  expected  to  furnish.  The 
bill  of  quantities  should  be  made  the  basis  of 
the  contract  entered  into  between  the  builder 
and  the  owner.  Should  more  materials  be  re- 
((uired  the  builder  to  be  paid  for  same  at  his 
own  unit  rate,  and  if  less  materials  are  required, 
the  same  to  be  deducted  from  the  contract  at  the 
unit  rate.  This  would  result  in  a  great  saving 
of  energy  and  time  now  wasted,  and  result  in  a 
better  understanding  between  all  parties. 

J^ome  builders  seem  to  be  opposed  to  change 


CONSTRUCTION 


95 


iu  our  system,  taking  the  position  if  changed 
anyone  from  a  candlestick-maker  could  become 
a  contractor;  therefore,  the  business  would  be- 
come overcrowded  and  would  not  be  a  profitable 
business  in  which  to  engage.  There  is  nothing 
to  prevent  that  now,  and,  unfortunately,  it  does 
occur.  It  appears  that  profits  are  not  the  result 
of  our  system  of  estimating.  Our  system  is  re- 
sponsible for  the  losses,  because  it  is  impossible 
for  a  bidder  in  the  hurry  generally  necessary 
in  taking  off  quantities  to  accurately  and  intel- 
ligently do  such  work  for  several  reasons,  con- 
sequently he  must  use  his  building  instinct  and 
jiadgment  to  guess  "right"  in  greater  or  less 
degree  in  making  up  his  estimate,  and  it  is 
through  resulting  errors  and  by  omitting  quan- 
tities altogether  that  losses  occur. 

The  great  variation  in  figures  submitted  for 
buildings  is  due  not  to  the  unit  prices  used,  but 
is  due  to  the  difference  in  the  quantities  each 
bidder  takes  off.  This  variation  in  quantities 
is  due  in  part  to  the  difference  in  the  judgment 
of  the  various  men  taking  off  quantities,  time 
being  usually  too  short,  and  consequently  under 
our  present  unscientific,  inefficient  methods  of 
estimating  there  must  be  more  or  less  guessing 
as  to  the  quantity  of  materials  required. 

The  profit  in  building— wlien  there  is  any— 
is  due  rather  to  the  ability  of  the  builder  to  buy 
materials  at  the  best  market  price  and  to  his 
efficient  methods  in  conducting  liis  operations 
and  managing  his  business. 

The  quantity  system,  or  some  method  of  pay- 
ment based  on  the  quantity  of  work  actually 
executed,  would  make  the  business  more  profit- 
able to  the  builder,  less  costly,  and  therefore  a 
better  investment  for  tlie  owner. 

The  survey  system,  as  it  is  called,  dissects 
each  and  every  ])art  of  the  woi'k,  telling  the 
amount  of  the  material  required  and  the  length 
of  time,  together  with  the  cost  necessary,  to 
complete  any  part  of  any  building.  Tn  the  case 
of  the  owner  this  system  will  show  what  ma- 
terial and  labor  is  required  to  complete  his 
house.  Tt  shows  him  the  kind  and  grade  of 
material,  and  by  following  his  cost  sheet,  as  the 
Imilding  progresses  he  may  prove  to  himself 
that  he  is  receiving  exactly  what  he  is  paying 
for.  Tt  is  a  great  saving  of  time  in  estimating 
by  the  contractor.  Instead  of  many  men  figur- 
ing the  same  plan  in  the  ordinary  way,  it  is  sur- 
veyed by  the  estimator  according  to  plans  and 
specifications. 

This  system  is  now  being  exploited  by  private 
companies,  and  herein  lies  an  opportunity  for 
the  various  architectural  associations  and 
builders'  exchanges  to  work  together  with  a 
view  to  facilitating  construction  and  lessening 
its  cost.  There  are  many  men  in  Canada  who 
have  had  considerable  experience  in  taking  off 
f|nantities  who  could  be  appointed  official  esti- 
mators by  the  associations  of  ai'chitects  and 


thus  liave  recognition  from  the  members  of  the 
builders'  exchanges.  In  carrying  out  this  pro- 
cedure it  would  call  for  co-operation  between 
tlie  architects  and  builders,  the  discussion  of 
which  would  bring  the  two  bodies  of  men  in 
closer  contact  and  would  have  the  result  of  be- 
ing advantageous  to  both  parties. 


ON  A  BASIS  OF  EDUCATION 

While  nearly  every  professional  and  technical 
organization  in  Canada  bases  its  reason  for 
meeting  on  the  ground  of  educational  advantage 
by  listening  to  a  paper  or  address  by  some  one 
of  its  members  on  a  subject  upon  which  he  is 
probably  more  familiar  than  the  others,  result- 
ing in  a  discussion  by  the  various  members  pres- 
ent, the  architects  of  Canada  have  not  yet  gen- 
erally adopted  this  plan.  There  is  no  denying 
the  fact  that  by  meeting  on  such  a  ground  in 
tliis  manner  the  members  of  any  profession  are 
brought  in  closer  sympathy  with  eacli  other  in 
the  very  discussion  of  the  problems  that  con- 
front the  individual,  and  at  the  same  time  should 
be  in  the  way  of  becoming  better  posted  on  the 
various  subjects  under  discussion. 

It  is  so  generally  admitted  by  individual 
architects  themselves  that  such  a  system  would 
work  out  greatly  to  the  advantage  that  one  won- 
ders why  it  has  not  been  adopted  before  tliis. 

The  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers, 
whose  profession  is  the  most  closely  allied  with 
that  of  the  architects,  and  whose  work  often 
brings  them  together  on  a  common  groimd, 
have  adopted  a  plan  that  might  well  be  fol- 
lowed. It  happens  that  the  central  organization 
of  the  CHvil  Engineers  is  at  Montreal,  where  the 
society  has  a  handsome  building  designed  for 
its  own  purposes.  Here  meetings  are  held 
weekh',  at  whicli  a  paper  is  read  by  a  member 
of  the  society  on  some  subject  relating  to  civil, 
mechanical,  electrical,  mining  or  chemical  en- 
gineering, after  which  a  free  discussion  on  the 
part  of  the  members  is  indulged  in.  In  every 
one  of  the  large  cities  of  Canada  a  local  branch 
of  the  society  exists,  where  the  same  procediire 
is  adopted,  although  the  meetings  are  not  held 
as  often  as  in  Montreal,  where  the  largest  num- 
ber of  members  is  to  be  found.  The  result  of 
this  not  only  stimulates  the  interest  of  the  mem- 
bers in  the  subjects  discussed,  but  it  makes  them 
better  acquainted,  brings  tliem  together  more 
often  than  they  would  otherwise  meet,  and 
creates  a  bond  of  union  and  sympathy  that 
would  be  impossible  under  other  conditions. 

With  the  experience  satisfactory  in  every 
way  of  the  Civil  Engineers  as  an  incentive  the 
Architectural  Institute  of  Canada,  through  its 
Provincial  organizations  and  local  chapters, 
could  adopt  a  similar  sys-tem  which  would  be  of 
the  greatest  possible  benefit  to  every  member 
concerned. 


Architectural  Digest 

Articles  of  More  Than   Passing  Interest  From  Our  Contemporaries 


BALANCE  IN  DESIGN. 
K(iiml  ill«i>o»itloii  uf  iiuiss  uIkjuI  u  ceivtie  or  uxis  Is  due  to  ii 
Ian  ImvlriB  it«  orlBln  In  the  ilemaiulB  of  e(|ulllbrluni.  In  arfhl- 
Itituie  tli«  lull'  a|i|ill«8  rigidly  to  rrec-ntarwIliiK  iiarts  and 
t'<ini|>i>n<'MtH,  Mui'li  a«  roluinns.  In  wmnot  always,  and  need 
never,  of  noieHHlty,  apply  to  a  whole  conipoMltlon.  No  doubt 
a  ptM'ullar  illKnIty,  not  ohtalnaljle  olherwiHe,  attends  the  exactly- 
lmianre<l  faiaile  in  monumental  liulldlnB.>i;  liut  .site,  clrtum- 
Ktanei-H,  and  pra<tiial  coiKlltionB  often  make  it  an  imi>os8ll)ihty 
for  the  deBlKner  to  proceed  on  centre-and-winBs  i)rlnclple.  We 
have,  then,  to  deHlBii  IrreKUlar  liulldinK  masses  with  grace  and 
heiiuty.  IrreKUlar  architectural  composition  favors  variation  and 
novelty:  that  which  at  first  sight  seems  an  evil  need  not  neces- 
sarily prove  so.  l^ooking  back  Into  archltectuivU  history,  we 
see  "that  Irregular  plans  are  by  no  ineaiiB  Inconsistent  with 
grandeur  of  effect.  The  departure  from  exact  balance  !" 
liothlc    builflliig.-i   gave    them    one    of   their   greatest   charms. 

In  all  greiit  stvles  the  rule  of  exact  Bymmetry  in  the  part 
iB  Ciosely  tollowed.  This  assertion  may  seem  inconsistent  with 
lact  anil  would  be  so  did  we  iwrt  here  Include  all  components 
that  are  wanting  In  exact  equal-sidedness  by  reason  of  their 
breaking  into  other  masses.  Where  a  square  plan  breaks  into 
a  circular,  the  .square  and  the  cir<le  are  broken;  but  the  spirit 
and  intention  in  the  square  and  In  the  circular  plan  Is  exact 
symnietrv.  When,  therefore,  we  assert  that  in  all  great  archi- 
tectural "styles  the  law  of  equal  dlHiiosition  of  mass  about  a 
centre  or  plane  is  duly  honored,  we  include,  for  the  reason 
mated,  symmetrical  components  breaking  Into  others.  It  is 
possible  that  those  of  expansive  views,  but  small  practical  ex- 
perience in  architectural  design,  would  regard  part  breaking 
into  part,  and  leaving  an  irregular  junction,  as  fatal  to  all 
beauty  of  effect.  The  architect  will  contend  ithat  such  Irregu- 
lar Junction,  whereby  something  on  asymmetric  principles  is 
produced  by  the  union  of  two  symmetrical  objects,  is  not  only 
without  offense,  but  mav  originate  great  beauty  and  Interest, 
and  is  <iuite  an  es.sential  in  the  •picturesque."  If  we  generally 
agree  upon  this,  then  something  Is  gained  of  practical  usefulness 
to  the  asymmetrical  planner,  and  to  all  those  whose  minds 
are  greatly  exercised  with  questions  of  "balance"  whenever  they 
are  compelled   to  abandon  the   principle  of  centre-and-wings. 

The  stair-turret  and  the  tower  are  largely  evidenced  in  our 
old  village  churches.  We  have  shown  that  both  the  turret  and 
the  tower  are  planned,  in  spirit,  as  objects  of  georoetrlcal 
regularitv  and  exact  symmetry  (so  called).  As  carried  out. 
an  Irregular,  unbalanced  mass  is  produced.  To  destroy  sym- 
metrical orderliness  by  breaking  the  one  into  the  other  seems, 
at  tirst,  a  crude  idea,  likelv  to  cause  offense;  but  we  have 
urged,  ami  taken  for  granted  the  concurrence  of  the  reader  in 
our  view,  that  no  such  oft'ense  is  produced,  but  that,  on  the 
conti^iry,  a  resultant  architectural  mass  of  true  beauty  and 
interest  is  obtained. 

Under  certain  conditions,  an  element  or  compound  will 
crystalize  in  true  "svmmetry"  as  a  cubical  figure,  a  tetra- 
hedron, or  the  like.  Under  other  <onditions  the  crystals  cluster. 
The  free-born,  regular,  isolated  crystal  is  an  object  of  beauty; 
but  no  less  beautiful  or  interesting  is  the  group  of  associated 
crv<<ta:l.w.  Yet  here,  as  with  our  turret  and  tower,  and  as  in 
tii'e  case  of  all  irregular  junctions  of  divergent  mas.ses  in  build- 
ing, broken  and  diverse — asymmetric — forms  are  produced;  but 
so  much  of  each  crystal  as  exhibits  itself  is  true  to  the  crystal 
form,  true  to  angle  of  crystallization,  and  possessed  of  sym- 
metry. On  the  face  of  things,  one  might  conclude  that  the 
irregular  massing  of  crystals  would  destroy  their  beauty.  All 
who  carefully  l>onder  this  matter  will  admit,  we  think,  that  the 
resultant  forms,  lines,  outlines,  and  masses  are  beautiful,  often 
verv  beautiful  indeed,  and  highly  suggestive  for  the  picturesque 
grouping  of  masses  of  building  on  ithe  asymmetric  system — 
tluit  is.  opposed  to  the  centre-and-wings  arrangement.  "We 
should  consider  this  naturai  phenomenon,  and  endeavor  to 
establish  some  general  proposition  respecting  the  breaking-in 
of  part  to  part  in  ar<?hitectuial  composition.  On  elevation,  such 
ma.sses  may  appear  at  times  "lopsided";  but  this  effect  of  out- 
of-balance   disappears  in   perspective. 

Once  we  have,  either  by  choice  or  necessity,  abandoned  the 
centre-and-wing  plan,  we  must,  we  assume,  proceed  on  a 
different  fundamental  design  principle,  .\symmetrical  or  irregu- 
lar composion  must  be  adopted  without  compromise.  There 
must  lie  no  weak  leaning  towards  the  rules  of  symmetry,  and 
we  should  ascertain  what  will  be  the  true  effect  of  masses  in 
execution  before  we  amend  apparent  defect  on  elevation. 
10(|ual-side.  centre-and-wing  composition  of  a  whole  facade  is 
.me  way;  the  other  is  totally  different.  It  was,  sometime  back, 
oli.serve'il  to  us  on  passing  a  block  of  office  buildings,  that  it 
seemed  that  the  tower  "should  have  been  bigger."  The  ob- 
servation was  not  made  by  an  architect;  but,  all  the  same, 
it  was  much  to  the  point.  .\  strictly  "sym-metrical"  facade, 
with  equal  mass  right  and  left,  up  to  about  roof-line,  had  on 
one  side  a  weak,  lialf-hearted  turret,  an  excrescence  ju9t  bud- 
ding, one  might  say.  The  effect  and  impression  was  that  the 
designer  had  hesitated  to  destroy  the  exact  equal-sidedness. 
Had  a  bold  tower  been  provided,  the  composition,  from  a  mere 
tribute  to  pseudo.  or  distorted,  symmetry,  would  have  passed 
clear   into    true    asymmetry. 

in  a  very  difficult  subject,  we  have  endeavored  to  suggest 
two  rules  for  guidance  in  irregular  architectural  composition, 
such  OS  we  find  must  necessarily  pertain  in  the  great  majority 
of  buildings:  firstly,  to  maintain  the  great  principle  of  mathe- 
niaticU  equal-sidedness  in  the  part,  either  actually,  as  in  a 
cfdumn.  or  in  spirit  and  intention,  as  in  the  circular  turret 
breaking  into  the  square  tow'er;  and.  secondly,  that  when  once 
the  symmeitrical  wliole  facade  is  not  po.ssible.  or  not  desired, 
the  asymmetric  principle  should  be  consistentlv  obser\'ed.  Tf 
we  believe  in  the  former  suggested  rule,  we  shall  not  put 
pila.'rters  with  one  left-hand  volute  on  the  right  side  of  a 
facade,  with  a  right-hand,  single-voluted  cap  on  the  left  wing. 
In  irregular  architectural  composition  we  must  needs  be  too 
urgently  concerned  in  renderijig  each  part  beautiful  to  have 
time  to  waste  in  perpetrating  these  or  other  monstrosities. 
The  offense  is  .igainst  the  rule  of  studied  "symmetry"  in  the 
part.      The    strongest    argument    for    irregular   architecture,    and 


Itu-  dispeiBcd  ornamental  device,  is  that  each  |)art  of  the  com- 
poBltion  jna>'  be  so  fashioned  as  to  be  IntereBting  and  graceful, 
irreBpectlve  of  other  parlB.  In  unbalan<*ed  (in  a  sense)  coni- 
piiBiiion  we  need  not  distort  the  unit  lor  the  sake  oi  some 
whole  effect;  and  a  beautilul  building,  BUrcly,  should  lie  Bucii 
ilutt,  as  we  p:iss  along,  every  part,  <*onlributory  t*)  the  whole, 
should  appear  an  object  of  interest  and  beauty.  Then  archi- 
tecture bears  compaiiBon  with  inusic.  our  .HunconBciousiieBS, 
or  memory,  hid<lB  ihe  general  air  ami  progress  of  rhytnm  and 
melody,  while  our  immeuiate  coiiBciouBiieBs  is  enthralled  with 
the  Instant  liarmony.  We  iwiiiiiit  have  it  b(»th  ways:  either 
there  must  be  symmetry,  so-called,  or  asymmetry — either  a 
■St.   ouen   interior  or  a  west   iront  of   Uouen   trihedral. 

The  Idea  that  we  must  "balance  '  In  Irregular  achHectural 
composition  1»  often  a  delusion,  an  impi-esMion,  a  legacy  of 
lingering  sympathy  with  exact  equal-sUieoness,  ItBelf  largely 
the  outcome  of  habitual  eleviatlonal  (lis|>iay  of  architectural 
device.  'Ihe  lion  is  suHlciently  like  the  unicorn  to  balance  In 
heraldic  comiiosltioii;  sudlcienily  unlike  to  give  Individual  in- 
terest to  uexter  ami  sinister  hands.  If  we  <lu|>llcate  either  the 
real  or  the  mythical  quadruped,  we  certainly  attain  exact 
equal-sidedness;  but  sameness  is  substituted  for  variety.  This, 
liy  the  way,  demonstrates  the  fundamental  difference  between 
asymmetry  and  symmetry,  so-called.  We  cannot  however,  deiil 
with  architei'turai  mass  as  the  herald  employs  lion  and  unicorn. 
Divergent  "twin"  towers  to  cathedral  west-ends  may  have  a 
certain  quaintness;  but  we  generally  feel  <H8sa.tl8fled,  or  un- 
convinced. The  failure  may.  perhaps,  be  accounted  for  as  the 
result  of  an  attempt  to  graft  asymmetry  on  symmetry,  which 
we  have  endeavored  to  show  is  not  iKissible.  We  must  either 
produce  the  monumental.  e<|ual-slded  building,  or  start  away 
on  a  new  plan,  base<l  on  quite  a  difterent  iirinciple.  Small 
variations  in  detail  are  added  charms  in  many  symmetrical 
compositlon.s;  but  a  great  belfry  is  not  a  detail. — Chas.  H. 
.Sturgis   in    ".\rchltectiire." 


APPLY    MODERN    iVIETHODS    TO    SUPERVISION    OF 
BUILDING     WORK. 

The  surprisingly  low  ratios  of  etilciency  obtaining  in  some  of 
the  departments  of  state  and  city  government  having  Jurisdic- 
tion over  the  construction,  equipment  and  oijeration  ol  factory 
buildings,  in  New  York  City,  revealed  by  the  investigations  held 
as  a  result  of  the  IJiamond  candy  factory  lire  seem  to  add 
tremendous  weight  to  the  contentions  of  those  who  advocate  a 
consolidation  of  all  departments  governing  building  construc- 
tion. That  the  present  plan,  involving  as  it  does  a  division  of 
responsibility  among  various  departments,  leads  to  a  waste  of 
public  funds,  and  gross  inadequacy  of  service  appears  now  to  be 
pretty   thoroughly   established. 

Under  the  laws  nominally  in  force  here  at  present — and  it 
is  proljable  that  conditions  differ  but  little  in  other  cities  of  the 
first  class — factory  buildings  are  in8i>ected  by  seven,  tenement 
houses,  theatres  and  motion  idctures  ny  six,  and  office  and  hotel 
buildings  by  five  separate  and  distinct  departments.  The  ad- 
vantages to  be  derived  by  establishing  one  bureau  and  con- 
ferring upon  it  complete  jurisdiction  over  building  construction 
and  alterations  are  many,  and  would  seem  to  be  so  apparent 
that  all  classes  coming  in  active  contact  with  building  work 
must  recognize  them.  It  would,  for  example,  inevitably  lead  to 
the  establishment  of  high  standards  of  inspection  In  place  of 
the  present  niultiplicit.v  of  ineffective  and  superficial  inspections 
with  divided  responsibility.  It  would  at  the  same  time  greatly 
reduce  the  cost  of  this  work  to  the  city,  and  add  immeasurably 
to  the  convenience  of  architects,  builders  and  owners. 

The  Advisory  Gouncll  of  real  estate  interests,  in  recommend- 
ing a  unification  of  all  departments  controlling  the  construction. 
e(|ulpment  and  repair  of  buildings,  goes  on  record  as  follows: 

"If  this  consolidation  of  Iniilding  inspection  departments 
should  be  accomplished,  friction  between  minor  city  officials  and 
property  owners  would  largel.v  di.sappear,  while  simultaneously 
.some  saving  should  be  effected  to  the  annual  budget  by  the 
elimination  of  those  positions  consisting  of  similar  duties. 
Economy  and  efficiency  is  not  a  slogan  merely  for  taxpayers,  but 
realization  is  gradually  dawning  upon  the  rentpayer  that  the 
high  cost  of  living  here  is  largely  due  to  high  taxes,  and  that 
high  taxes  can  be  partially  accredited  to  extravagance  in  the 
administration  of  man.v  of  the  city  departments.  It  has  been 
difticult  to  make  progress  in  this  respect,  because  of  the  man- 
datory legislation  impo.sed  on  the  city  by  the  State  Legislature. 
If  a  large  part  of  this  legislation  could  be  repealed  during  the 
coming  legislative  session,  and  the  various  conflicting  duties  of 
the  various  city  departments  co-ordinated  and  unified  under  a 
single  department,  the  mayor  and  the  comptroller  would  have 
corrected  one  of  the  chief  evils  in  our  local  government." 

.\n  advantage  not  noted  b.v  the  various  bodies  which  have 
given  endorsement  to  this  movement  for  consolidation  of  de- 
partments controlling  building  work,  is  the  amount  of  time 
which  it  might  be  expected  to  save  in  the  securing  of  permits 
for  new  buildings  or  alterations  to  existing  ones.  Under  present 
laws  the  filing  of  plans  at  various  departments  and  the  neces- 
sity of  securing  the  approval  of  some  departments  before  the 
consideration  of  others  can  be  obtained — traveling  from  one 
part  of  the  city  to  another,  and  in  general  attempting  to  com- 
plv  with  the  complex  and  often  conflicting  requirements  of 
different  department.s— bas  resulted  in  not  only  a  burden 
of  expense  and  inconvenience  to  the  architect,  but  a  real  loss 
to  the  owner,  the  construction  of  whose  building  cannot  be 
undertaken  until  the  approvals  of  all  the  various  city  depart- 
ments have  been  secured.  In  the  interest,  therefore,  of  economy, 
convenience,  thoroughness  and  general  efflciencv — in  fact  from 
every  point  of  view  except  possibly  that  of  the  politician  or 
holder  of  some  of  the  easy  berths  existing  by  reason  of  the 
present  lax  and  nidefensible  methods — it  would  seem  desirable, 
if  not  actually  mandatory,  to  consolidate  and  bring  under  one 
responsible  head  all  the  various  branches  of  city  and  State 
government  now  charged  with  the  control  of  building  work. 

.\s  suggested  by  the  .\dvisory  Council  of  the  real  estate 
interests,  it  is  devoutly  to  be  hoped  that  conflicting  legisla- 
tion will  be  repealed  and  new  laws  necessary  to  the  establish- 
ment of  the  new  order  of  things  passed  as  the  finst  important 
act  of  the  coming  session. — ".\merican   Architect." 


96 


Construction  News 

The  following  information  is  obtained  from  our  correspondents,  from  architects,  engineers  and 
local  newspapers.  These  items  are  published  in  our  Daily  Report  Service,  and  are  herein 
compiled  for  the  use  of  subscribers  to  the  monthly  issue  of  "Construction.''  Should  any  of 
our  readers  desire  this  information  daily  we  will  be  pleased  to    submit  prices  upon  request 


CIVIL     ENGINEERING. 

UK.VNTFORD,  ONT. — Oily  ot  liraiitlord  propo.se  installing 
natural    gas    plant. 

BKANTFORD^— Township  of  Urantford,  A.  M.  Jackson, 
Temple  Building,  has  called  for  tenders  for  hrioges,  concrete  or 
steel  construction. 

CALGARY,  ALTA. — City  of  Calgary  will  erect  bridge,  steel 
construction;  cost  $24,000.     Tenders  now  open. 

COLLINGWOOU,  ONT. — Tenders  open  for  water  works  ap- 
paratus, steel  tower  and  foundation,  pumps,  pump  well,  etc. 
Chairman,  H.  A.  Currie;  engineers,  Chlpman  &  Powers,  To- 
ronto. 

CORNWALL,  ONT. — Town  Council  have  awarded  contract 
to  John  Inglis,  Toronto,  for  boiler  and  pump  equipment. 

DRUMMONDVILLE,  P.Q.— Town  of  Drummondville,  P.Q., 
win  erect  pumping  station  and  filters.  Tenders  close  March 
15,  1916. 

GLAD.STONK,  P.E.I.— Department  of  Public  Works,  Char- 
lottetown,  P.E.I.,  has  called  for  tenders  on  a  new  bridge  over 
Fox  River.      Kngineer,    L.   B.    ilcMillan. 

HAMILTON — Hamilton  and  Toronto  Highway  Commission 
have  plans  for  new  bridge. 

HULL,  V.Q^ — New  bridge  over  Gatineau  River  proposed. 
Chairman,    Archambault. 

L.\CHUTE,  P.Q.— Town  of  Lachute  has  awarded  contract 
for  water-mains  to  Contractor  R.  Arthur.  Contract  for  new 
bridge  has  been  awarded  to  Messrs.  Lafleur  &  Berniuer  by 
the   Province   of  Quebec. 

LEAMINGTON,  ONT.— Town  Council  has  called  for  tenders 
for    reinforced    concrete    work. 

LONDON,  ONT.-^City  Council  are  calling  for  tenders  on 
new   sewers. 

ONTARIO — Plans  are  being  prepared  covering  good  roads 
by  the  Counties  of  Kent,  Brant,  Lambton,  Victoria,  Elgin,  Pres- 
cott,  Dundas,  Stormont  and  Glengarry. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— City  of  Ottawa,  engineer,  J.  B.  McRae, 
310  Booth  Building,  has  called  for  t  mdor.s  on  pumiiing  station 
and  equipment  on  Lemieux  Island. 

PEMBROKE,  ONT.— County  of  Renfrew,  clerk,  R.  Roney,  has 
called  for  tenders  on  new  bridge. 

I'OKT  ST.VNLEY,  ONT.— The  Dominion  Government  propose 
erecting  a   new    bridge    here,   of   steel   construction. 

PORT  STANLEY,  ONT.— Dominion  Government  will  improve 
docks  at  a  cost  of  $115,000.  P.  Pocock  and  M.  D.  Fraser,  Port 
Stanley,  interested. 

TORONTO— City  of  Toronto  has  called  for  tenders  for  special 
tracks.     Plans  at  room  No.  10,  City  Hall. 

TORONTO— City  of  Toronto,  contract  awarded  for  new- 
bridge  at  Bathurst  street,  to  Canadian  Bridge  Co. 

VICTORIA,  B.C.— Canadian  Northern  Pacific  Railway  has 
awarded  contract  for  new  bridge  over  Selkirk  River  to  S.  Doe 
for  $20,000. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— City  of  Windsor  has  called  for  tenders 
on  sewers  for  Elsmere  and  Marenette  avenues.  Engineer,  M.  B. 
Brian. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.— City  of  Winnipeg  has  opened  tenders  for 
water  mains  on  Doncaster  street. 

WINNIPEG,  M.4.N.— City  of  Winnipeg  propose  laving  new 
asphalt  pavement  on  MacGregor  street  at  an  estimated  cost  of 
$40,000. 

YORK  COUNTY' — Engineer  E.  A.  James,  Toronto,  has  com- 
pleted plans  for  roads  to  cost  $800,000. 


CLUBS,    THEATRES,    HOTELS    AND    HOSPITALS. 

.\LIil-;RT.\  l"ROVl.\CK— Province  of  Alberta,  architect,  M. 
Jilakley,  Edmonton,   will  erect  asylum. 

BRANDON,  MAN.— Addition  proposed  to  General  Hospital. 

GUELPH,  ONT.— Griffln  Amusement  Co.  will  erect  a  new 
theatre  on  St.  George  street.    Architect,  W.  Mahoney,  Guelph. 

GUELPH.  ONT.— CJuelph  Theatre  Co.  have  plans  completed 
covering  alterations  and  additions  to  present  building,  covering 
brick  work,   flooring  and  seating  accommodation. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— City  of  Hamilton;  secretary,  S.  H.  Kent; 
architects,  Stewart  &  Whitten;  alterations  to  hospital.  Tenders 
have   been   called   for   steam   fitting, 

KINGSTON,  ONT. — New  nurses'  home  proposed  for  Hotel 
DIeu.     Chairman  of  committee.   Dr.  A.   B.   Williamson. 

LONDON.  ONT.— Tenders  called  for  addition  to  Victoria  Hos- 
pital.    Architect,  A.  E.  Nutter. 

-MEDICINE  HAT,  .\J>TA.— Sisters  of  St.  Louis  propose  erect- 
ing new  hospital  on  Crescent  Heights  to  cost  $15,000. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— Metropolitan  Columbus  Association  pro- 
pose erecting  new  building. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— City  of  Ottawa  have  plans  ready  for  sun 
room  addition  to  Isolation  Hospital  to  cost  $6,000.  Architects, 
Allllson  &  Burgess. 

REJGINA,  SASK.— Department  of  Education;  secretary,  W. 
Scott,  are  preparing  plans  for  institute  for  the  blind  to  cost 
TvUf  uuu« 

,.,  ^Tr'''"*?*''^-'''    ONT.— Alterations    will    be    made    to    Amasa 
Wood  Hospital.     Architect  J.  T.  Flndlay  has  called  for  tenders. 


ereSKe^«'.?t^;!'HSfeTeS";:?nd\";J  s^e^'^«---  — ^ 

BroI^^T°Y7o^^k  ?iS.-;;rSa?r&'o^.!io°/osr$lo  JSo^^'^^    '"'■ 
H.^F!.^^Y°?n'^,'.^if-;;;.J?;-"p"irn's    ?oV^n"e^^'USn^-    ''-•^"-'- 


ELECTRICAL    CONSTRUCTION 

In/cVn&^c^tl:-  ^i^^^L^^^^^l  $ri3'^Ia%^b^''l"'^aSln 
KanT""  ''''■'■  ""'"''"''■  ^'■''''  '°  Northwest  Engilietrlng 
equ^m'e'n?^'-    ONT.-Town    of    Cobden    will    purchase    electrical 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Citv  of  Hamilton    clerk    «    w    tto    f    ., 
^fect'r?cil'rut^^^?n7^"^-''"'  ''"'  -re'^-'Jio^i'lff'^m^to?  p?^-;,'s  a^^t 

plaS?1S^el^h?^f50,S?IS^i^Slio,?^!^^''-  ^ "- 
rewTer^c'feTi^'f  •c^^rIiS:""'''^""  ^"""'^  Court  House  to  be 

SASKATCHEWAN— Marienthal  Telephone  Co.,  secretary  A 
phonrfj'stJm"*"''*''   ^''^^-  ^^'  ^^""'^  '°'-  *«""<"•«  on   new  Velt- 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT.— City  of  St.  Thomas  have  awarded 
contract  for  new  transformers  to  Canadian  GenerarElectHc  Co 

10R()NT(J,  (JXT.— Hoard  of  Eduration  has  called  for  tenders 
mi^^electnc    conduit    work,    etc.;    architect.    C.    H     Bishop?   Cii.? 


FACTORIES    AND    WAREHOUSES 

facfo?^'Sk°c^;fsi;;iS"on.^'^'"-^^"^<'    ''°-    -"'    --'    -'^'>"-"    '" 

CAMPBELLFORD.    ONT.— The    Northumberland    Paner    anrt 

Electric  Co   will  rebuild  mill  recently  dest?o"ed  by  Are     "^       '""" 

FENWICK  ONT.— W.  L.  Horton  and  Irvin  Lambert  will 
erect  saw  mill;  new  machiery  required. 

FORT  WII-LIAJI,  ONT.— J.  I.  Case  will  erect  warehouse. 
?^Fi^?"'  ONT.— .\lex.  Callander  will  erect  a  new  foundry  to 

cost    $o,UUU. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Hydro  Commission  have  awarded  con- 
tract tor  new  warehouse   to  Dickinson   Building  Co. 

HESPELER,  ONT.— A.  B.  Jardine  Co.  will  rebuild  plant  re- 
cently burnt.  Contracts  let:  for  masonry.  Grill  Bros  ■  car- 
pentery,   Presteen   &  Bartles. 

KINGSTON,  ONT.— Richard.son  Co.  will  make  additions  to 
elevator  early  in   the  spring. 

LONDON,  ONT.— Parnell  Baking  Co.  will  make  additions  to 
plant    to   cost   $35,000. 

MONTMORENCY  FALLS,  QUE.— Dominion  Textile  Co  will 
make  addition   to  plant. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— IT.  H,  Rainville,  M.P.,  interested  in  new 
cutlery  factory  to  be  erected  on  south  shore;  cost  $250,000. 

NI.VGARA  P.\LLS.  ONT.— The  Union  Carbide  Co.  will  make 
additions  to  factory  to  cost  $25,000. 

NIAGARA  FALLS — Pollard  Manufacturing  Co.  will  erect  new 
plant;  have  purchased  equipment  of  the  Dominion  Safe  and 
\'au!t  Co.,  of  Farnham,  Que. 

NEW  TORONTO.  ONT.— Brown,  Cooper  Brass  Co.  have 
awarded   contract   for  new   factory   to   Toms   Contracting  Co. 

OAKVILLE,  ONT.— Wallace,  Chapman  &  Marshall  require 
machinery  for  box   factory. 

OTTAWA.  ONT.— New  storage  and  office  building  to  be 
erected   by  city   of  Ottawa.      Engineer,   F.    C.    Askwith. 

PELEE  ISLAND,  ONT.— J.  C.  Pennington,  Windsor.  Ont., 
is   preparing  plans  for  warehouse   for  N.    McCormick. 

PETROLIA,  ONT.— Alviston  Flax  Co.  have  secured  site  for 
new  flax  mill. 

PRINCE  RUPERT,  B.C.— T.  M.  Michaels  and  F.  J.  Burling 
are  preparing  plans  for  woodworking  plant  and  sawmill. 

PRINCETON,  B.C. — British  ("  ilumbl;i  Copiier  Co.  will  erect 
smelter. 

SAULT  STE.  M.\RIE.— Algoma  Steel  Corporation  will  make 
additions    to    their   plant. 


97 


98 


CONSTRUCTION 


ST.  <"ATH  AlllNKS.  I  )NT. — Metal  I>niw>iiK  <'o.  will  iiiakf 
iiililllliiiiH    III   pianl. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT.— iKactory  |)lun»  completed  by  St.  Thomas 
.Milk  Cii.  lor  !»■«  iilniil  on  Uallwiiy  mid  Wellington  streets.  Ten- 
■  liMM   cHlled. 

ST1!.\TK<)KI>,  ONT.- -Avon  Hosiery  Co.,  Krlo  street,  will 
iiei-l  fmtor>  ;  urclilleet,  T.  J.  Hepljurn;  c-osl  $15,000.  U.  IjiubIi- 
llii  Kiiiiiltuie  ^'u.  pripnrlnB  plans  for  four-storey  factory  itddi- 
ilon,  Kiixliiii  fei't.  H.  M.  Ilallantyne  contemplates  addition  to 
plant. 

ToltoNTt).  oNT.— Ideal  lliead  Co.  have  iilans  completed  lor 
addition   til  tlieli-   plant  on   AiKyle  street. 

TOUONTO,  oNT. — Kunlop  Tire  Co.,  Hooth  avenue,  will 
make   Hdilitlons   to   plant,    plan.i  completed. 

TOKONTO,  ONT. — Factory,  three-storey  brick,  to  be  erected 
by  Kaidrew  I'eet  -Mfs:.  Co.,  Itoston,  Mass.,  in  Earlscourt  dis- 
trict. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — K.  J.  .Mitchell,  661  Queen  street  west, 
will  erect  new  factory.  Scythes  &  Co.,  22  Church  street,  P. 
.Vtklnson,  architect,  have  plans  for  addition  to  factory,  Brown 
and    I'aton    road. 

"lOlto.NTo.  o.VT.— .Vrchite^'ts  .Messrs.  Craltf  &  MadlU,  .Maii- 
nliiK  Chambers,  Toronto,  have  awarded  conti-act  for  new  lactory 
of  the  Hamilton  (^arhart  Co.,  535  Queen  street  ea«t,  to  K.  \\  . 
W'eaJe,    35    Lindsay    avenue. 

TOKO.VTo.  ONT. — KelloK  Cereal  Co.  will  make  alterations 
to  old  Central  I'rison  buildings  for  use  as  a  mill.  .Mr.  Thomp- 
son, the  company's  representative,  care  of  Queen's  Hotel,  To- 
riinto,   has  lallcd   for  tenders. 

TOKONTO,  ONT. — Gutta  X'eroha  Rubber  Co.  will  erect  new 
storage  sheds.  Contracts  let  to  Holtby  Bros,  for  masonry,  Mc- 
ttiegor  &  Mclntyre  for  steel  work.  Architects  Sproatt  &  Rolph 
prepared  plans.  Harris  Abattoir  have  awarded  contract  for  ad- 
ditlon.i  to  Messrs.  Wells  &  Cray  of  this  city. 

TORONTO,  o.sT. — Robert  Simpsiin  Co.  are  erecting  a  ware- 
house building  on  .vluitual  street;  architect.  .Max  Huiining,  35 
Dearborn  street,  Chicago;  associate  architects,  Hurke,  Hor- 
wiMid  &  White,  Toronto;  general  contractor,  Wells  Bros.,  To- 
ronto oliice,  96  Gould  street,  will  sublet  contracts;  contract  for 
steel  sash  awarded   to   Henry  Hope  &   Sons. 

TORONTO.  O.N'T. — Warehouse  to  be  built  on  Church  street 
by  .Architect  F.  S.  Baker  (in  trust);  plans  now  ready.  Factory 
addition  contract  has  been  awarded  by  Sheet  Metal  Products, 
mil  River  street,  to  Brown  &  Cooper,  297  Carlton  street.  Stand- 
ard Sanltarv  .Mfg.  Co.  have  awarded  contract  for  new  addi- 
tion to  Dominion  Bridge  Co.     to  cost  $2,000. 

VANCOUVER,  B.<;. — Cresote  plant  to  be  built  by  Van- 
couver Creosote  Co.  Contract  for  piling  awarded  to  Palmer 
liros. ;    filling.    Pacific    Dredging   Co. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— Alaxwell  Motor  Car  Co.,  president,  W.  E. 
Flanders,  Detroit,  are  considering  tenders  for  new  factory  to 
cost  $65,000. 

WINDSOR.  ONT. — Store  house  to  be  erected  by  city  of 
Windsor;  architects,  CJ.  .lacques  &  Co.,  5  Sandwich  street  west; 
on  Tecumseh  road. 

WINNIPEG.  MAN. — J.  1.  Case  Co.  will  erect  a  warehouse. 

WINNIPEG,  M.\N. — T.  Eaton  Co.  have  plans  completed  for 
new   warehouse.     Engineer,  G.  W.  Thompson. 


FIRE    LOSSES. 

.VSHCKOFT,  B.C. — Hotel  destroyed.  Cariboo  Trading  Co. 
owners;   loss  $1S,000. 

BATHURST,  N.B.— W.  J.  Kent's  store  destroyed;  loss  $200,- 
000. 

BP:.\UP0RT,  que.— Church  destroyed;  loss  $476,000. 

BOWDEN.  .\LT.\. — Barclav  hardware  store  destroyed;  loss 
$311,000. 

HROCKVll.l.K.  o.NT. — Dr.  W.  Harding,  business  block;  loss 
$15,000. 

CAI-0.\RY,  A  1/r  A. —Central  .Methodist  Church  destroyed; 
loss   $50,000. 

CAI.OARY.  .\I,TA.— White  launch  Co..  8th  avenue,  buildings 
ili'.-itroyed;    loss    $S,000. 

C.V.MHEI.l.FORD.  O.NT.- Nortluimberland  Paper  and  Elec- 
tric Company   plant   destroyed. 

CARBERHV,  .MAN.— Caiberrv  grist  mill  destroved;  loss 
$25,000. 

Cl,.\lt.KSON,  ONT. — Barn  of  (i.  W.  Gooderham.  Tor  i-.ito, 
destroyed:    lo.ss   $4ii.iHi(i. 

COBDE.V.  ONT.— J.  M.  JIcDermott's  butcher  shop  and  E. 
Little's  grocery  store  de.stro.\'ed  by  tire. 

D.WIDSON,  SASK.— Bank  of  British  North  .\merica,  frame 
.xtriicture;   loss  $4,000, 

ni'ILORA.  ONT. — Mrs.   Dcvine's  store  destroyed;  loss  $8,000. 

EDMO.NTO.M,    .\LTA.— Emerv    Skirt    Mfg.    Co..    factorv;    loss 

$100,000. 

FE.N'ELON    FALLS.   O.NT— Post   office  gutted. 

FORT  WILLI.XM — .St.  Luke's  Presbvterian  Church  damaged: 

lo.ss   $5,000, 

HALIF.AX,  N.S.— Store  of  L.  Codv,  Poplar  street,  destroved; 
loss  $3,000. 

HALIF.VX.  N.S— Clarendon  Hotel  and  Schwartz  &  Co. 
buildings  destroyed:    lo.ss  $8,000. 

HAKRLSON.   ONT— Residence,    Eaton    street:    loss    $2,200. 

HAVRE  liOT'CHER,  N,S  — St.  Paul's  R,C,  Church  destroyed: 
Rev,    Father   .M.    .M,    Iioyle.   priest:   loss   $20,000, 

HEPWORTH,  ONT.— Hell  Telephone  building  destroyed  by 
fire:    V,    S.    Campbell,    manager;    lo.ss    $4,000. 

INGER.SOLL,  OXT.— iGas  Co,  liuilfling  wrecked  and  purifiers 
.lestroyed:  loss  $4,000. 

KEDGWICK.   N.B— Richards  Mfs    Co,,  lumber  mill. 
M.VLUKN,     O.NT,— .1,      E,     Siiead,      iisidence     destriiveil:      loss 
$14,110(1, 

MERLIN,  OXT.— Stores  destrovefl  of  Dr,  Reid.  W.  Barr  and 
.7.    Halliday:    loss   $150,000, 

MONCTON.  X.I! —Record  Foiindrv  and  Alachinerv  Co.  build- 
ing   clamaged:    loss    $100,000. 


.MO.S'TRE.\L,  QUE.— Gold  .Medal  Furniture  Co.,  utore:  loss 
$30,000. 

.Mo.NTRIOAL,  Ql'K.- Windsor  llowlliiK  <*lub  damaged;  loss 
$SO,UOO. 

IIONTIIK.M..   QUE.— G. Tit.    Iloiiaventure   Ktution   deBtroyed; 

loss    $3U0,0UO. 

.M()NTItlO.\L,  QUE.— Canada  Car  and  Foundry  Co.  factory 
destroyed;   loss  $50,000.  * 

MONTItEAL,  QUE.— I'liarinacle  Secord,  Amherst  street, 
gutted  by  fire;  loss  $5,000, 

.MONTREAL,  QUE.— Lighting  Fixtures  Co.,  tU  St.  Cath- 
erine street,   store  and   (lat   damaged. 

.MONTKE,\L,  QUE.— Residences  destroyed:  J.  B.  I.rfidoux, 
Chabot  street;  Arthur  Brisette,  S.  Carron. 

MONTREAl>,  QUE.— Diifresne  &  Galllpeau's  shoe  factory,  66 
St.  Paul  street,  gutted;  loss  110,000.  Prince  Hotel,  R.  M. 
Michael,  proprietor,  126  St.  Antoine  street,  gutted;  loss  |8,000. 

NOrtTH  BATTLEFORD— .Separate  school  destroyed;  loss 
$30,0000. 

NORTH  SYDNEY,   N.S.— J.  W.   Peppett's  stol-e  damaged. 
OKILLl.V.    ONT.— <i.T.I{.    station   destroyed. 

ORlLLI.\.    ONT.— J.    A.    orton,    planing   mill    destroyed;    loss 

$7,500. 

PORT    HOPE,   ONT.— F'lve   houseii  owned   by  W.   R.   Chlelett 

damaged  by    Hre. 

PORT  STANLEY,  ONT.— John  Frlck's  residence  destroyed. 
QUARRYVILLE,     ONT.— Residence    of    B.     Jackson     burnt; 
loss    $10,000. 

QUEBEC,   QUE.— Quebec  Central  H.R.    building  destroyed. 
QUEREC,     P.Q.— La    BIscuiterle     factory    destroyed;     G.     A. 
Vandry,   proprietor;  loss  $40,000. 

RIDGEW  .\Y,  ONT.— Res  dence  of  W.  H,  Hogg.  Phipp  street, 
destroyed. 

SACKVILLE,  N.B— T.  Horsier,  Main  street,  store;  loss 
$4,000. 

SACKVILLE,  N.B.— Residence  of  Rev.  A.  V.  Landry  destroy- 
ed; loss  $5,000. 

SHERBROOKE,  P.Q.— Queen's  Hotel  damaged;  loss  $4,000. 
SMITH'S  FALLS— Elgin   Ward  School  destroyed  and  will  be 
rebuilt  at  once;   loss  $16,000. 

ST.  CATH.\RI.\ES,  ONT.— .Marshall's  Ltd.  and  Columbus 
C:indy   Kitchen  destroyed;   loss  $18,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— .\merican  Club  gutted  by  Are;  loss  $30,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— W.  Rennie  &  Co.'s  seed  warehouse  dam- 
aged; loss  $5,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Ideal  Bedding  Co.,  Jefferson  avenue, 
damaged;  loss  $3,000. 

WEI.L.V.N'l).  O.NT.— Planing  mill  of  S.  C.  l>ambert  destroved; 
loss   $25,000. 

WINDSOR  MILLS,  P.Q.— Grist  and  sash  mill  destroyed  of 
Henry    Trembly. 


•  • 


PUBLIC   BUILDINGS   AND   STATIONS. 

BEAMSVILLE,  ONT.— Bank  of  Hamilton  will  make  altera- 
tions to  their  premises:   L.   Huntsman,  contractor. 

CHATH.\M — Bank  of  Toronto  will  erect  a  new  building. 

CHATHAM,  ONT.— City  of  Chatham,  clerk,  W.  A.  .Merrltt, 
are  preparing  plans  for  tempora'-y  nia:ket  building. 

HALIF.\.X,  N.S.— City  of  Halifax  propose  erecting  a  civic 
abattoir. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Erection  of  municipal  auditorium  pro- 
posed  by  city  of  Hamilton. 

KINGSTON,  ONT.— .\rchitects  Sheppard  &  Calvin,  Excelsior 
Life  Building.  Toronto,  are  preparing  plans  for  new  library 
building    for    Queen's    ITniversity. 

LEA.MIXIiTON,  ONT. — i.,eainiiigton  .Vgricultural  Si.-ietv  will 
erect   new  building:  secretary.    L.  Smith. 

MIMICO,  ONT. — Grand  Trunk  Railway  will  erect  a  new 
station. 

.MO.XTREAL,  QUE.— City  of  Montreal  will  rebuild  St.  An- 
lo.ne  market  Imilding  and  also  erect  new  building  in  North 
ICnd:    .Architect   Decarie. 

MOOSE  JAW,  SASK.— C.P.R.  will  erect  new  stations  on 
Saskatchewan    division.      Engineer,    T.    C.    McNab. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— The  Dominion  Government  have  appoint- 
ed Darling  &  Pearson,  Toronto,  and  C.  Marchaud,  Montreal, 
to  inspect  foundations  and  walls  of  recently  destroyed  Parlia- 
ment Building,  and   make  report  on  rebuilding. 

QUEliE;',  I'Q, — .\rchitect  Pierre  i-evesque,  115  St.  John 
street,  has  awarded  general  contract  on  La  Banque  Nationale 
to  C.    E.    Jlarissette. 

RICHMO.ND  HILL,  ONT.— Town  Council  have  purchased  a 
site   for   municipal   building:    olerk.   J.    Hume. 

SMITH'S  FALLS,  ONT.— Bell  Telephone  Co.  have  purchased 
a  site  on  William  street  and  will  erect  new  building. 

TORONTO — .\merican  Club  will  rebuild  recentlv  damaged 
building. 

TORONTO. — Godson  Contracting  Co.,  planning  Chambers, 
will    erect   office   and   stable. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— C.N.R.  and  G.N.R.  will  erect  a  union 
station.     Architect,  R.   P.  Pratt,  C.N.R.  Building.  Toronto, 

VICTORIA.  B.C.— C,.N,R.  have  -secured  a  site  on  the  corner 
of  Fert  and  Government  streets,  and  will  erect  an  office  build- 
ing;  agents.   Green   *    Rundick, 


RESIDENCES,    STORES    AND    APARTMENTS. 

FENELON  FALLS,  O.NT.— James  Fraser  will  rebuild  stores 
damaged   b.v  fire. 

KNOWLTON,  P.Q.— F.  S.  Mallory,  architect,  65  Adelaide 
street  west,  Toronto,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  new  residence  to 
cost  $12,000. 

LOCO.  B.C. — Plans  being  prepared  for  office-  buildings  for 
Imperial  Oil  Co. 


CONSTRUCTION 


9<J 


LINDSAY,  ONT.— Woolworth  Co.,  contractor,  M.  McGeough, 
altering  store. 

LONDON— AV.  Hill,  Home  Bank  Building,  will  erect  new- 
residence;    cost    $5,000. 

MEAFORD.  ONT.— A  Watson  &  W.  McCutcheon  will  erect 
two  new  residences. 

MEDICINE  HAT,  ALTA. — Kobt.  Mitchell,  Secojid  street, 
is  having  plans  prepaied  by  Architect  W.  H.  Bourne  for  office 
building.  Hefferman  Bros,  aie  having  plans  prepared  by  Archi- 
tect W.  H.  Bourne  for  new  store. 

MELFORT,  SASK. — H.  Carlson  has  awarded  contract  for 
new    house    to    Rush    &    Price. 

MONTREAL — E.  Pepin,  129  Marlowe  avenue,  will  erect  a  new 
dwelling   to   cost  $4,000. 

MONTRE.Uj,  que— 1".  l>uchavine,  4409  Laguinesse  boule- 
vard, has  plans  completed  for  new  store  and  residence,  to  cost 
$5,000. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— J.  Legault,  3141  Drolet  street,  will  erect 
residence.  G.  Hoolohan,  361  Belanger  street,  will  erect  resi- 
dence. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— Hyde  &  Sons,  33  Bleury  street,  will 
erect  a  three-storey  brick  veneer  residence  to  cost  $1,000.  N. 
Forget,  526  Gufford  street,  will  build  a  new  residence  to  cost 
$1,200.  Jas.  De  Cauntel,  1143  Delormier  street,  will  erect  a  new 
dwelling  to  cost  $2,500. 

MONTREAL,  QUE. — Gersler  Bros.,  676  Drolet  street,  will 
erect  a  residence;  cost  $3,500.  Gault  Estate,  263  St.  James 
street,  will  erect  store  and  apartments;  cost  $6,000.  J.  Rodier, 
3349  St.  Gerard,  will  erect  two  desidences;  cost  $2,000.  O. 
Provst,  1219  Cote  de  Neiges,  has  plans  tor  new  store  and  dwell- 
ing. 

OTTAWA,  ONT. — W.  A.  Cole,  163  Sparks  street,  will  erect 
an  apartment  house.  Plans  completed  by  Richards  &  Akra, 
architects.    Booth  Building. 

PEACE  RIVER  CROSSING,  ALTA.— Town  Council  will  erect 
a  new  fire  hall.     Secretary,  L.  W.  Divine. 

PRESTON,  ONT. — F.  Wurster  will  erect  a  business  block. 

QUEBEC,  P.Q. — P.  D.  St.  Michel.  l>urocher  street,  will  make 
addition  to  building.  Adj.  Drown,  142  King  street,  will  make 
alterations  to  building. 

R.\NKIN,   ONT. — Rev.   J.    Albert  will  erect  a   new  residence. 

REGINA,  SASK. — Grain  Growers'  Association  will  erect  an 
office   building.      Head   office   now  in   Moose  Jaw. 

REGINA.  S.\SK.— 'Architects  Storey  &  Van  Egmond  (in 
trust)   have  called  for  tenders  on  new  residence. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B. — Gaudy  &  Anderson  will  erect  three  houses 
on   Crescent   Heights. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B. — Architect  F.  N.  Brodie,  42  Princess  street, 
has  awarded  contract  covering  store  for  W.  H.  Thorne  &  Co. 
to  R.    N.   Corbett. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B.— 'W,  H.  Thorne  Co.  have  called  for  ten- 
ders for  store  addition  on  Prince  William  street.  Architect. 
F.  N.  Brodie,  42  Princess  street. 

STR.A^TFORD.  ONT. — J.  M.  Lillow  will  erect  eight  resi- 
dences. A.  J.  McPherson  has  awarded  contract  for  ten  houses 
to  J.    M.    Lillow. 

SI'THERLAND.  SASK.— Department  of  Public  Works,  Ot- 
tawa, will  accept  tenders  to  JIarch  23,  1916,  on  boarding  house 
to  be  erected  here. 

TILBURY.  ON'T. — Bedford  Bros,  have  purchased  site  and 
will  erect  stores. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— S.  Swartz,  IS  St.  Patrick  street,  will 
make  addition  to  residence. 

TORONTO. — Darling  &  I^earson  have  called  for  tenilers  on 
alterations  to  building  for  O'Briens,    Ltd.,   King  street   west. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — .\rchitect  J.  Hunt.  Confederation  Life 
Building,  is  preparing  plans  for  residence  in  Lawrence  Park: 
owner,   G.    Boomer. 

TORONTO. — Architect  C.  J.  Gibson,  53  Yonge  street,  has 
called  for  tenders  on  a  block  of  stores  for  Col.  Nichols,  to  be 
erected   on   the  corner  of  Bloor  and   North   streets. 

TORONTO— Dr.  Gibson.  1228  St.  Clair  avenue  west,  will 
erect  stores  and  flats:  architects,  Ellis  &  Ellis.  H.  E.  War- 
rington, 98  Wheeler  avenue,  will  erect  new  residence  on  Waver- 
ley  road.  P.  L.  Slayer,  498  Bloor  street  w^est,  will  make  addi- 
tion to  store.  S.  R.  Marchon.  168  Oakmount  road,  will  erect  a 
new  residence. 

TORONTO — J.  Richardson.  Manning  Arcade,  will  erect  a  new 
residence  to  cost  $6,500.  B.  Wilkinson,  151  Balsam  avenue,  will 
erect  a  new  residence  to  cost  $4,500.  L.  B.  Brennan,  73  Victoria 
street,  architect,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  new  residence  for  G. 
C.  Patton,  4  Bartlett  avenue.  J.  C.  Crocker,  2  Alton  avenue,  will 
build  a  new  residence  on  Orchard  Park  boulevard  to  cost  $4.00fl. 

TORO.N'TO — Wilkes  Estate,  per  Moss  &  Thomnson.  Traders 
Bank  Building,  will  alter  store  front,  Yonge  and  Wellington. 
R.  Reid.  180  Jones  avenue,  will  erect  residence.  H.  Dunn.  25 
Pendrith  street,  addition  to  residence.  D.  McLeod.  47  Ben- 
I.,amond  avenue,  has  plans  for  a  new  residence.  R.  L.  Spiers. 
95  Glenholme  avenue,  architect.  .1.  C.  Ure.  122  Westmount 
avenue,  will  erect  a  residence.  C.  H,  Pickering.  169  Robert 
street,  has  plans  prepared  for  a  new  residence  on  Rushton  road. 
R.  Reed,  180  .Tones  avenue,  will  erect  residence,  oost  $1,500.  C. 
L.  Denison.  640  Dufferin  street,  will  erect  storage  building. 
18x40.  T.  B.  Coomt)s.  157  Keewatin  avenue,  contenmlates  the 
erection  of  store  and  office  building,  corner  Yonge  and  Erskine. 
E.  &  A.  Gunther.  Spadlna  avenue,  are  preparing  plans  for  new 
regldenc*  on  Henlamond  avenue.  T).  a  Mitchell.  502  Palmer- 
ston  avenue,  has  completed  plans  for  two-familv  residence  on 
Gormley  avenue   to   cost   $8,000. 

VANCOI'VER,  B.C.- Hudson's  Bay  Co.  making  alterations 
to  store. 

VANCOT-VER,  B.C.— Mrs.  Turnel  will  erect  residence.  Con- 
tract awarded  to  J.  McDonald. 

V.AXCOUVER.  B.C.— n.  J,  Snelgrove.  8th  avenue  west,  will 
erect  a   pair  of  houses  on  Hemlo-k  nnrt  Eighth  avenue. 

VANCOUVER.  B.C.— Farley  &  Croniie.  architects,  have  pre- 
pared plans  for  new  residence  for  Mr.  Allan.  Sixth  avenue:  also 
for   Mr.    TOarle. 

VANCOUVER.  B.C.— C.  Bowman,  Southampton.  Out.,  ar.  lii- 
tect.  U.  F.  Gardner.  347  Finder  street  west,  is  preparing  plans 
for  stores  and  theatre,  lirick  and  steel  construction,  hot  water 
heating. 


WOODSTOCK, 
completed. 


ONT. — J.    F.    Moore    will    alter    store.      Plans 


SCHOOLS    AND    CHURCHES. 

BIENVILLE,  QUE.— Architect  I'ierre  Lavesque,  115  St.  John 
street,  Quebec,  is  preparing  plans  for  new  Roman  Catholic 
church,    to  cost  $30,000. 

BISHOP'S  CROSSING,  P.Q.— Tenders  have  been  called  for 
a   new   school.     Plans   by   Architect  H.    R.   Bishop. 

BLACKFALLS,  ALTA. — Aspelund  S.  O.,  No.  758,  Blackfalls, 
have  called  for  tenders  on  new  school.  Secretary,  E.  A.  Wig- 
more;  architect,   L.   A.   Hill. 

BURLINGTON,  ONT.— School  Board  will  make  alterations  to 
school,    including  lavatory    equipment   and    painting. 

DRUMMOND  TOWNSHIP— S.S.  No.  9,  Drummond.  Secre- 
tary R.  Dowdall,  R.R.  No.  6,  Perth,  Ont.,  have  opened  tenders 
for  labor  on  new  school,  material  to  be  purchased  by  owners. 

DUNDAS,  ONT.— The  School  Board  have  secured  site  for 
new  school,  corner  Lawrason,  Alma  and  Cayley  streets.  Archi- 
tect   B.  E.  T.  Ellis  has  been  appointed  to  prepare  plans. 

HILLSIDE,  SASK.— School  trustees.  Ward  D,  3583,  have 
called  for  tenders  on  new  school;  secretary.  S.  Wneeier,  hills- 
boro  P.O. 

HULL,  P.Q. — Contract  has  been  awarded  for  the  building  of 
the  new  St.  Redempter  Parish  Church  to  Noel  &  Monette, 
Ottawa. 

HULL,  P.Q. — Province  of  Queljec  propose  the  erection  of  a 
hew  technical  school.  Mayor  Archambault,  Hull,  P.Q.,  is  in- 
terested. 

HULL,  P.Q. —St.  Redempteur  Parish,  Rev.  Father  S.  Car- 
riere;  architect,  Charles  Brodeur;  new  church  tenders  have 
been    received. 

JUNOR,  SASK. — New  school;  secretary,  H.  Gadsby;  tenders 
have  been  called  for. 

LONDON,  ONT. — Plans  to  be  prepared  for  new  technical 
school. 

LONDON,  ONT. — School  Board  are  preparing  plans  for  tem- 
porary   four-room    school.      Secretary,    J.    F.    Br.vaut. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.- Protestant  School  Board  have  pur- 
chased a  site  on  St.  Helen  street  for  new  school. 

MOUNT  DENNIS,  ONT. — Architects  S.  B.  Coon  &  Son,  To- 
ronto, are  preparing  plans  for  new  school  on  Dennis  avenue; 
chairman   of  committee.    I>.    Robertson. 

NIAGARA  FALLS,  ONT.— Union  S.S.  No.  2  has  called  for 
tenders  on  a  new  school.  Architect,  J.  U.  Collins,  Niagara 
Falls. 

NORTH  RIDGE,  ONT.— Architect  J.  C.  Pennington,  of  Wind- 
sor, is  preparing  plans  for  new  school  to  be  erected  in  North 
Ridge. 

NORTH  VANCOUVER,  B.C. — Department  of  Education  pro- 
pose building  a  two-room  addition  to  North  Star  school;  chuir- 
n:an   of   School    Board.    Trustee   Purdy. 

OXFORD  TOWNSHIP,  ONT.— J.  D.  Anguiss,  Muirhead, 
Ont.,  secretary  of  the  School  Board,  has  received  tenders  on  a 
new   township   school   to   cost   $5,000. 

PARRY  SOUND.  ONT. — The  School  Board  have  called  for 
competitive    plans   for    new    HChool;    secretary.    J.    D.    lii-oughton. 

PEACE  RIVER,'  ALTA. — Presbyterian  Church  have  pur- 
chased a  site  for  new  church.     Pastor,  Rev.   W.  Granan. 

REPENTIGNY.  P.Q.— R.  Gariepy,  architect.  25  St.  James 
street,  Montreal,  is  preparing  plans  for  new  R.  C.  church. 

RICHELIEU,  P.Q. — School  Board  propose  erecting  new 
school.     Secretary.   J.  C.   Boshaw. 

SAANICH,  B.C. — Saanich  Scliool  Board  contemplate  erection 
of  new  school.     Estimates  have  been  passed  for  $6,000. 

.SARNIA,  ONT. — Board  of  Education  will  make  alterations 
to  schools.  Will  require  ventilating  system,  lavatory  equip- 
ment,   windows,    etc. 

SIMCOE,  ONT. — Board  of  Education  will  have  plans  pre- 
pared for  two  schools. 

STRATHROY.  ONT.— The  Methodist  Church  have  plans  for 
alterations  to  present  building,  including  steam  heating,  paint- 
ing and   seating.     Pastor.  Rev.   A.   E.   Jones. 

TORONTO — Plans  will  be  prepared  for  addition  to  Win- 
chester School. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — R.  C.  School  Board  are  preparing  revised 
plans   for   St.    Clare's   School.      Architect,    C.    J.    Read. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — Plans  ure  completed  tor  new  Ear'scourt 
Methodist  Church,  corner  of  Earlscourt  and  Boon  avenue.  Chair- 
man of  B\iildlng  Committee  and  architect,  A.  C.  Smither,  121 
(Ireeniaw  avenue. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — Board  of  Education  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on  alterations  to  .schools,  including  electric  work,  drains, 
ash  hoists,  fire  doors,  etc.  .\rchitect.  C.  N.  Bishop.  Board  of 
Education  propose  building  new  High  School.  Bloor  street,  to 
cost  $250,000;  also  additions  to  the  following  schools:  Orde 
Street,  $50,000:  Dewson  Street,  $60,000;  Wilkinson,  $65,000;  Perth 
.Vvenue.   $45,000:  Keele  Street.   $60,000. 

TR.\II>  B.C. — .Vddition  to  public  school  is  proposed  by  the 
School  Board  to  cost  $12,000.     Secretary.  Walter  Cody. 

WALKERVILI-E.  ONT. — A  new  Presbyterian  church  is  pro- 
posed   to    cost    $6,000.      Pastor,    Rev.    P.    Taylor. 

WESTMORELAND  COUNTY,  N.B.— Tenders  have  been  call- 
ed for  new  school.  Secretary.  G.  Morton,  S.S.  21,  McQuale  P.O.. 
Moncton. 

WEST  SALISBURY,  ALTA. — The  School  Board  contemplate 
erecting  a  new  school  of  brick  construction. 


MISCELLANEOUS, 

DARTMOUTH.  N.S. — Department  of  Railways  and  Canals, 
Ottawa,  has  called  for  tenders  cm  railway  buildings. 

DAVIDSON.  S.\SK.— lO.  It.  .Mann  X-  Sun  bav»'  plans  inin- 
pleted    for  a    new   garage 

EVERITT,  B.C. — N.  C.  .Jamison  will  douttle  the  capacity  of 
his  shingle  mill. 


100 


CONSTRUCTION 


IIA.MII.TON  ONT. — Honpltiil  Board  has  called  for  tenders 
oil  tire  hose  n'nd  llre|iroof  dooi«  for  Hurton  Street  HoBpltiil. 
Seiretary.   S.    H.   Kent. 

KlNtiSTON  t>NT. — IMly  EnKlneer  K.  J.  JleClelland  hiis 
called  for  tenders  on  cement,  hardware,  rubble  stone,  sewir 
l>l|>e,    nmnhole    covi'rs,    grates,    etc. 

KINKuK.V.  IMO.I. — Klnkora  Cheese  Kactory  has  called  loi 
tentleiM   on    concrete    work. 

I.DNliO.V,  ONT, — The  City  of  l/ondon  has  called  for  tendei,« 
(in  Hiiiiplles  (overlnK  cement,  tile,  coal  and  W4>od,  lumber,  Hti>n.- 
and  Ki-avel'  Iron  castlnRs.  rubber  suppllc*.  hardware,  comfo' t 
.-tatliin   suiM'll''H.   I'lumblnR  Hxtures  and   road   oil. 

MKDICINK  HAT.  Al/rA.— J.  T.  Uer(fman.  box  164,  Wlnnl- 
pcK.  Man.,  has  called  for  tenders  on  tar  roof  tor  building  in 
.Medicine  I'lat. 

MKl-KOllT,  SASK.— Heaver  I^umber  Co.  will  erect  new  coal 
sheds  and  scales. 

MONCTUN.  N.li. — School  IJoard,  secretary,  F.  A.  .McCiilly, 
renulre  108  school  desks. 

MONTREAL — The  city  of  Montreal  has  called  for  tenders  on 
brick.  Specincatlons  may  be  obtained  from  purchasing  depart- 
ment. 

NAI'ANIOK,  ONT. — C.  A.  Wiseman  has  purchased  site  for 
new  sarage  on  Urldge  street. 

NELSON,  H.C. — New  smelting  plant  and  mill  will  be  erected. 
K.  Dedolph.  Kaslo.  H.C,  Interested. 

l)TT\\V\  ONT. — Cltv  of  Ottawa  has  called  for  tenders  on 
new  porch  roof  for  City  Hall.     Engineer,  F.  C.  Askwith. 

I'ETKHHORO'.  ONT. — City  of  Peterboro'  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  cement  and  tile  pipe.     Engineer,  R.  H.  Parsons. 

PORCUPINE,  ONT.— 'Miracle  Mining  Co.  will  Install  150-ton 
mill. 

ROCKY  JIOITNTAINS — Great  Northern  Railway,  manager, 
M.  J.  Costello,  Seattle,  is  preparing  plans  for  snow  sheds  of 
concrete   construction. 

SAULT  STE.  MARIE.  ONT. — Steel  Co.  of  Canada  have 
awarded  contract  for  barracks  to  McPhall  &  Wright. 

STRATFORD,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  wreck- 
ing of  Central  School  by  Secretary  of  School  Board  D.  W. 
Foster. 

THURLOW,  ONT.— .\.  H.  Ea.slern.  Thurlow.  Ont.,  will  erect 
galvanized  Iron  barn.     Plans  being  prepared. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Toronto  Furniture  Co.  will  erect  garage 
and   dry   kiln. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — Hoard  of  Education  has  called  for  tender:^ 
on   cabinet   work. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — The  city  of  Toronto  Is  preparing  plans 
for  shelter,   St.   Clair  and  Avenue  road,   to  cost  $500. 

TOIiONTt),  ONT. — W.  J.  McGuire.  15  Mai)le  avenue,  has 
awarded  contract  for  new  garage  to  A.  H.  Niblett,  34  Oxford 
street,   to  be  erected  on    Pearl  street. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — Manning  Estate,  24  King  street  west, 
have  awarded  contract  for  new  store  front  at  68  Queen  street 
west  to  S.  B.  Hayshaw,  477  Marion  street. 

TRIPLE  ISI..AND.  ONT. — Pomlnion  Government  will  erect 
lighthouse.     Secretary,   R.   C.    Desrochors. 

VANCOUVER.  H.C. — Department  of  Public  Works,  Ottawa, 
architect,  W.  lOwart.  has  completed  plans  for  freight  sheds  for 
Government  wharf. 

VANSCOY,  SASK.— Trustees  S.  B.  No.  3652,  Vanscoy,  Sask., 
has  called  for  tenders  on  hardware  and  lumber  for  new  school. 
Secretary.  ,T.  Comelus. 

WINDSOR.  ONT. — City  of  Windsor  has  awarded  contracts 
on  now  building  at  race  track  as  follows:  Carpentering,  W. 
Dupuis:  metal  work,  Pennington  &  Brian:  painting  and  glazing, 
Lossing  &   Harris.      Architect,   J.   C.   Pennington. 


PERSONAL. 


Geo.  M.  Miller  has  returned  from  an  extended  Southern  trip. 

Mr.  Alphonsp  Venne.  architect,  of  St.  Lambert,  Quebec, 
has  been  re-elected  mayor  of  that  city. 

Lieut.  F.  P.  Page  and  Lieut.  S.  Warrington,  brothers  in  arms 
as  well  as  partners  in  the  architectural  i)rofession,  have  been 
rai.wd  to  the  rank  of  captain  in  the  36th  Regiment. 

The  death  occurred  in  Sydney,  N.S.,  on  the  9th  of  February, 
of  .\Ir.  F.  W.  Spencer,  architect  and  designer  of  many  of  the 
large  buildings  in  that  city.  Mr.  Spencer  was  47  years  of  age. 
and  had  practised  his  profession  in  Sydney  for  a  number  of 
years. 

Chadwick  &  Beckett,  architects,  132  Church  street,  are  tem- 
porarily closing  their  office,  owing  to  both  members  of  the  firm 
being  in  command  of  overseas  regiments,  while  their  staff  are 
cither  on  military  service  or  engaged  on  munition  work.  Any 
comnumications  for  the  firm  may  be  sent  to  107  Howland 
avenue. 


REVIEW. 


.\  catalogue  has  been  received,  just  issued  by  the  Gaten 
Hillock  Revolving  Door  Co.  of  Canada.  154  George  St.,  Toronto, 
which  fully  illustrates  and  describes  the  standard  collapsible 
and  the  automatic  colIapsil>le  panic-proof  revolving  door  as 
manufactured  by  this  firm.  Illustrations  and  detail  drawings 
clearlj-  shown  make  this  folder  of  value  to   those  interested. 


TORONTO     ARCHITECTS     MEET. 

The  Toronm  Chapter.  0.\..\..  met  at  the  St.  Charles  Hotel 
iin  Tuesday.  February  15th.  Uil8.  at  1  p.m.  After  luncheon 
routine  business  was  disposed  of.  and  an  informal  discussion 
on  matters  of  interest  to  the  profession  \v;is  held.  It  is  under- 
stood that  an  important  announcement  "will  be  made  shortly 
with  reference  to  legislation  to  be  introduced  to  fuither  the 
;irchitectin*al  interests  and  improve  existing  conditions.  The 
following  members  were  in  attiMidauce:  President  U.  K.  .Shep- 
pai-d.  Secretary  1.  l'\'l(Inian.  .\.  I*'.  W'ickson.  A.  .V.  Gregg.  H.  1-]. 
.Moore.  AV.  Webb.  W.  .\.  Lan^ton.  K,  Menges.  E.  T.  Arnoldi. 
(".  E.  Langley.  .1.  P.  Hvnes.  .\.  K.  \Vats()n.  .1.  E.  Wagman.  J.  C. 
H.    Horwood.    :M.    .\.    AVhite,    V.    D.    Hor.^jburgh.    V,    T,.    Gladman. 


ANNUAL     MEETING     OF     PROVINCIAL     BUILDERS' 
EXCHANGE. 

The  aimual  meeting  of  the  Provincial  Builders'  lOxcluingi-  was 
liild  In  Handlton  on  Febriniry  22nd  and  23rd,  In  the  iimuters 
III  the  Hamilton  ICxchange,  corner  of  Main  and  John  streets. 

The  meeting  opened  with  an  address  of  welcome  to  tin: 
visiting  members  by  the  Hamilton  president,  C.  T.  Pearse,  local 
manager  of  the  I'ease  Foundry  Co.  Mr.  Pearse,  In  his  remarks, 
which  were  well  chosen,  referred  to  Hamilton  as  the  Pittsburgh 
III  Canada. 

The  appointing  of  the  different  committees  followed  the 
reading  of  the  minutes,  after  which  the  retiring  president, 
George  Gander,  gave  an  Interesting  resume  of  the  past  year's 
work,  nmking  mention  of  general  business  conditions,  which 
were  fair,  and  pointing  out  the  brighter  future  now  opening  up. 

Secretary  Flower  read  his  annual  report,  outlining  the  efforts 
made  and  work  accomplished  towards  the  betterment  of  condl- 
liouH  for  the  members,  after  which  the  treasurer's  report 
was  presented,  showing  a  satisfactory  balance  on  hand.  The 
meeting  adjourned  for  lunch,  and  opened  after  with  reading  of 
reports  from  the  different  branches,  showing  trade  fair,  with 
prospects  for  the  future  nmch  brighter. 

Considerable  time  was  devoted  to  the  discussion  of  the 
Workmen's  Compensation  .\ct,  and  many  suggested  amendments 
made  thereto.  Including  an  amendment  to  regulation  number 
53.   c'Vi'Tii|iiing  the  smaller  contractor. 


T.    It.    WRIGHT,   LONDON,   ONTARIO. 

The  newly-elected  President  of  the  Ontario  Builders'  Exchange. 

An  interesting  address  was  given  by  Mr.  J.  Mackenzie,  I'ast 
President  of  the  International  Association  of  Master  Painters, 
on  Technical  School  Systems  for  Boys  and  Girls,  which  showed 
considerable  thought  given  to  his  subject. 

In  the  evening  the  visiting  members  were  the  guests  of  the 
Hamilton  .Association  at  a  banquet  held  In  Hotel  Wentworth 
Arms.  Aid.  Plunkett.  on  behalf  of  the  City,  welcomed  the 
guests,  followed  by  an  address  by  W.  Ellis,  of  the  Hydro  Com- 
mission. Mayor  Walters  replied  to  the  toast  of  "Canada." 
.Vddres.ses  were  also  made  by  Principal  Whittam.  of  the  Hamil- 
ton Technical  School,  and  President  Gardner,  of  the  Hamilton 
P.oard  of  Trade. 

Wednes'day  morning  a  tour  of  inspection  was  made  to  the 
new   Connaught  Hotel,   now  nearing  completion. 

The  meeting  resumed  by  a  discussion  on  a  clause  in  the 
Pi-esidenfs  report  on  .\merican  competition  in  building,  and  It 
was  suggested  that  the  Builders'  Exchange  unite  with  the  On- 
tario Association  of  Architects  in  representations  to  be  made 
towards  strictures  on   the   unfair  conditions   existing. 

Several  resolutions  were  passed,  including  one  aiiproving  of 
fair  wage  clauses   in   ocntracts. 

.\  form  prepared  by  the  .Association  for  use  in  sub-contract- 
ing was  approved. 

Fiaternal  greetings  were  sent  and  received  with  the  National 
.Association  of  Builders'   Exchange,  in  session  at  Baltimore,  Md. 

.A  grant  of  $25.00  was  made  to  the  Hamilton  Branch  of  the 
Red  Cross  Association. 

.\  vote  of  thanks  was  tendered  to  the  Hamilton  Chapter  foi' 
their  hospitality,  as  well  as  to  the  retiring  officers  and  to  the 
Secretary  and   Treasurer,   who   were  unanimously   re-elected. 

The  election  of  officers  resulted  as  follows:  President.  T.  R. 
Wright.  London.  Ont.:  1st  Vice-President.  C.  T.  Pearse,  Hamil- 
ton; 2nd  Vice-President.  .\.  Tomlinson,  Chatham;  Treasurer, 
Geo.  .Arkley,  Jr..  Toronto:  Secretary.  .\.  E,  Flower,  Toronto. 
Executive  Committee  to  he  composed  of  one  member  to  be 
appointed    from    each    branch    of   the    .Association. 


Architects. 

eng 

ineers    and 

contrac 

tors 

are 

invited 

to 

contribute    Info 

rma 

tion    on    con 

struction   w 

ork. 

whether 

it 

be   proposed   or 

in 

progress,   and   such 

info 

rmation   will 

be 

published   in   th 

ese 

columns. 

CONSTRUCTION 


11 


I 


A   simple  statement   of   what  these  Roofs  are 
and  why  you  should  insist  upon  having  them. 

A  Barrett  Specification  Roof  consists  of  alternating  layers  of 
Specification  Felt  and  Pitch,  with  a  top  surface  of  either 
gravel,  slag  or  tile. 

A  roof  constructed  strictly  according  to  The  Barrett  Speci- 
fication will  usually  last  20  years  or  more;  it  costs  less  to 
build  than  anj'  other  permanent  roof— and  nothing  to  main- 
tain; it  will  take  the  base  rate  of  insurance  because  it  is 
classified  as  non-inflammable  by  fire  underwriters. 

"J^o  guard  yourself  against  poor  workmanship  and  materials, 
select  a  reputable  roofing  contractor  and  incorporate  The 
Barrett  Specification  in  full  in  your  future  building  plans. 

A  copy  of  The  Barrett  Specification,  with  roofing  diagrams,  mailed  free  on  request. 
THE      PATEHSON      M  ANHF  ACTUKING       CO.MPANY,      LIMITED 

MONTREAL  TORONTO  '      WINNIPEG  VANCOUVER 

THE    CARRITTE-PATERSON    MANUFACTURING    COMPANY,    LIMITED 

ST.     JOHN,     N.B.  HALIFAX.     N.S.  SYDXKY,     N.S. 


BARRETT 
SPECIFICATION 
TARRED  FELT 
AND  COAL  TAR 
PITCH  WATER- 
PROOFING. 

Few  important  struc- 
tures are  built  now- 
adays without  being- 
waterproofed  with 
protecting  layers  of 
Pitch  and  Felt.  The 
Central  Technical 
School  is  no  excep- 
tion. Approximately 
90,000  square  feet  of 
Barrett  Specification 
materials  have  been 
applied  to  make  the 
foundation  and  walls 
immune  from  dam- 
age by  underground 
dampness  and  seep- 
age of  moisture  from 
the  huge  swimming 
pool. 

T'he  Barrett  Specifi- 
cation Waterproofing 
will  last  as  long  as 
the  building,  being 
chemically  and  phys- 
ically immune  from 
damage  by  water  or 
acids   of   the   soil. 

Our  engineers  will 
gladl.v  consult  with 
interested  parties. 


1U2 


CONSTRUCTION 


Contractors  &  Sub-Contractors 

As  Supplied  by  The  Architects  of  Buildings 
Featured  in  This  Issue 

EXCELSIOR  LIFE   BUILDING. 
Arcliltei'l,    K.   J.    l-cnnox. 
lluilei'H,   Uomlnloii  Itiuliatoi-  Co. 
Ilrick,    Don   Viilliy   Itrick  Co. 

lOleclric  whiiiK  aiul  apimnitus.    lietiiiett  &   Wrinlit  Co.,    I.,liiilte(l. 
Kli'viitor.s  and   hoiHts.   t)tlH-Ken80in  Co. 
Kill'   doors,    .\.    .MathewH,    Limited, 
l-'lre   escapes,    .McCireKor   &    Mclntyre. 
Klooi'lnK,   Seaman-Kent  Co. 

KloorlnK  (mosaic),    Italian  Marble  and  Mosaic  Co. 
Class  (plaite,  wired),  Curran   Itros. 
(iranite    work.    Melntoah    Cranlle    Works. 
Hardware,    Canada    Hardware   Co. 
.Mall   ehute,    Canadian   .Viall   t'hute  Co. 

Marble,  1'.  l...vall  Construction  Co.,  (.)n'tarlo  Marble  (Juarrles. 
Dtllce    fronts,    bronze    entrance    doors,    revolving    iioors,    A.      II. 

Ormsby  Co. 
Ornamental    iron,    Me<JreKor   &    Mclntyre. 
I'alntliiK  and  Klazinn.  Janus  Casey. 
I'lumblng   (hath   lltiings,   sanitary   fixtures,   faucets),   Dennett   & 

Wright   Co.,    Limited. 
I'laster  vi^oIK  (ceiiiiiK),  A.  <"larke  &  Son. 
Itadlators   (maiiuiacturers),   Uonilnion   Itadlator  Co. 
ItooHiig    (feu   and   gravel),   A.    Mathews. 
Structural  iron  aiui  steel,   .McCregor  &  Mclntyre. 
Telescope  ash  hoist,   W.   H.  lianHeld. 
Terra  cotta    (aichiteciural).    A'tlantic   Terra   Cotta   Co. 
Terra  cotta   (tloor  construction),    Don    Valley    Itrick  Co. 
Vacuum  cleaners,   Hennett  &   Wright  Co. 
Vault  doors.   .1.   J.   'laylor  +'o. 
Window   frames,   sash,   Henr.v    Ho])e   c*k  Son. 
(leneral  t'c)ntractor.s.    1'.   Lyail  (.Construction  Co. 


MUNICIPAL    ABATTOIR. 

Boilers,  Jencks  Machine  Co.,  St.  Catharines. 

Hrick,   tile,  etc.,   Don  Valley  Brick  Co.,  Toronto. 

Chimneys,    i'anaoian    c'usiodies   Co.,    loroniu. 

Concrete  work,   WIckett  Bros.,  Toronto. 

Klectric  tixtures.  etc.,  Windcler  Bros.,  Toronto. 

lOlevators  and   hoists,   Otls-Fensom  Co.,   Toronto. 

ICxpanoed  metal,  Steel  and  Hadiation  Co.,   Toronto. 

(ilass.    Holib.s   Hardware  Co.,   Toronto. 

Interior  woodwork.  James  Mackenzie,  Toronto. 

Ornamental    iron.    C^anadian   Ornamental    Iron   Co.,    Toronto. 

rUinibing  and   heating,   Fiddes  &  Hogarth,   Toronto. 

Betrigeration  eiiuipment,  Binde  Canadian  Kefrigeration  Co.,  To- 
ronto. 

Refrigeration  machinery,   Canada  Ice  Machine  Co.,  Toronto. 

Power  machinery  (motors),  Canadian  General  Klectric  Co.,  To- 
ronto. 

Power  machinery  (pumps),  Smart-Turner  Co.,  Hamilton. 

Kadiators.    Dominion    Radiator   Co.,    Toronto. 

ItooHng,    A.    Mathews,    Bimited,   Toronto. 

.stone.  J.   Isaac  &  Son,   Toronto. 

Contractors  (general),  William  R.  Perrin  &  Co.,  Limited,  To- 
ronto. 


THE     FARMERS'    DAIRY    BUILDING. 
.Vrchitects,   Symons  &  Rae. 

Brick  and   terra  cotta.   The  Bon  Valley  Brick   Co..   Toronto. 
Boilers,  The  Jencks  Machine  Co.,  of  St.  Catharines, 
l^asements,   fire  doors,  screens,  The  A.  B.  Ormsby  Co.,   Ltd. 
I'liectric    wiring,    etc..    The    Rooks   Electric   Co.,    Toronto. 
Elevators  and   hoists.   The  Turnbull   Elevator  Co.,    Toronto. 
I'lxpanded  metal,  reinforcements  and  exterior  paint,  The  Trussed 

Concrete    Steel    Co.    of   Canada. 
Flooring,   Seaman-Kent  Co.,   Meaford. 
(jlass  and  hardware,  W.  Walker  &  Son,  Toronto. 
Heating  and  plumbing,   .A.   Welch  &   Son.  Toronto. 
Ornamental    inm.    Canadian   Ornamental    Iron    Co.,    Toronto. 
Paint    (interior).    Oliddeii    Varni.sh    Co.,    Toronto. 
Plaster  work,  Taylor  &  Nesbit.  Toronto. 
Kefrigeration  eiiuipment,   W.   A.   Drummond  Co..   Toronto. 
Radiatois.    Dominion    Radiator   Co..    Toronto. 
Rooting,  (i.    Duthie  &   Sons,   Limited,   Toronto. 
Tile.   Lautz- Dunham  Co..  Toronto. 
Vaults,   (L^anadian   Fairbanks  Co..   Toronto. 
Contractors   (general),  Jackson-Lewis  Co.,   Limited,   Toronto. 


CORNERSTONE     LAID     FOR     UNIQUE     STRUCTURE. 

A  uniiiue  ceremon\'  was  performed  recently  at  the  works  of 
the  Canada  Metal  Company.  Limited,  on  Fraser  avenue,  To- 
ronto. This  company  during  1!'15  made  very  large  extensions 
to  their  factory  to  enable  them  to  cope  with  the  growth  of 
their  business.  Another  extension  is  now  being  made,  and  in- 
cludes a  shot  tower,  which  will  be  150  feet  high,  and  is  the 
largest    in    the    British    Empire. 

This  tower  is  a  steel  structure,  and  will  weigh  over  150 
tons;  in  fact,  the  weight  being  so  enormous  it  necessitates 
special  concrete  foundations,  which  will  take  thousands  of  bags 
of  cement.  The  building  will  be  05  feet  by  150  feet,  and  three 
storeys  high. 

The  cornerstone  for  this  shot  tower  was  laid  by  Mr.  Harris. 
Sr.  (president  and  general  manager  of  the  company),  and  con- 
sisted of  a  cylinder  weighing  in  the  neigliborhood  of  ten  tons. 

In  this  cylinder  w'as  enclosed  samples  of  goods  manufactured 
by  the  comi»any.  including  samples  of  bullets.  These  specimen 
bullets  were  the  same  as  are  being  used  in  shranel  shells. 
Samples  of  all  advertising  literature  used  by  the  company. 
Canadian  coins,  consisting  of  gold  coins,  silver  coins  and  copper 
coins,  a  copy  of  each  of  the  Toronto  morning  and  evening 
papers,  the  Toronto  "Saturday  Night."  and  other  local  publica- 
tions. Stamps  were  also  enclos*>d.  including  one  cent,  two  cents, 
three  cents  (war  tax  stamp).  These  were  hermetically  sealed  in 
this  huge  cylinder. 

The  cylinder  will  be  buried  in  tons  of  concrete,  and  will  re- 
main buried   for  generations. 

The  works  were  closed  down  and  all  the  work  people  as- 
sembled to  see  .Mr.  Harris  perform  the  ceremony.  If  at  any 
t'viture  time  excavations  may  be  necessar\'  to  put  up  otlier 
buildings  the  cylinder  with  its  contents  need  not  be  disturbed,  as 


It  In  burled  deep  enough  to  avoid  thin.  When  future  generations 
do  begin  excavating  the  dlHcoverleii  of  papers  contalmng  news  of 
the  war,  as  well  aa  full  i)artlcular»  of  the  lire  Which  devastated 
the  I'Hrllamenl  Uuildings  at  Ottawa,  will  prove  Interesting  read- 
ing, and  the  specimeiiH  which  are  sealed  In  the  cylinder  will 
create  ijulte  a    sensation. 

■  »  ■ 

MATERIAL    REQUIRED. 

I'itlsburgh,    I'a.,    U.S.A.,   Feb.   2'J,   1915. 
"Construction,"    Toronto,    Ontario,    Canada: 

Dear  Sirs, — Dodge  Reports  referred  me  to  you  In  regard  to 
information  pertaining  to  lirms  dealing  in  the  following  materi- 
als: Common  hard  burned  red  bricks;  No.  1  (Ire  bricks;  No.  1 
enamel  (white)  brick,  English  style,  straight  and  bull  nose; 
tire  clay,  lime,  sand,  cement,  asbestos  and  line  axed  blue  stone 
coping.  The  Heine  Safety  Boiler  Co.  have  requested  me  to 
give  them  a  price  on  building  brickwork  around  two  boilers  to 
be  installel  at  the  plant  of  the  Imperial  Oil  Co.,  Toronto. 
.Vmounts  of  material  rciiulred  follows:  1!),«00  common  hard 
burned  rt'd  bricks,  «,0(IO  No.  1  fire  bricks,  2,500  white  enamel 
bricks,  straights,  English  style;  500  white  enamel  bricks,  bull 
nose;  5  tone  fire  clav,  15  ba,rrela  lime,  12  tons  sand,  6  barrels 
Portland  cement,  20  sacks  (100  lbs.)  asbesto  cement,  60  lineal 
feet  of  finely  axed  blue  atonecoping,  3  in.  thick  x  13  in.  wide. 
Would  be  pleased  to  have  you  place  this  list  of  material  in  the 
hands  of  interested  ijarties  and  request  them  to  mail  me  prices 
at  their  earliest  date.  Prices  to  be  quoted  f.o.b.  cars  or  wagon 
delivery,  Imperial  Oil  Co.'s  plant.  Trusting  you  will  favor 
me  with  the  above  request  ond  thanking  for  your  kindness,  1 
remain,    yours   very   truly, 

CHAS.   T.  STEVENS, 
7  Market  St.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  U.S.A. 

St.    John,    N.n.,    March    1st,    191G. 
The    Editor,    "Construction."    Toronto,    Ontario: 

Dear  Sir, — We  desire  to  get  In  touch  with  manufacturers  of 
ungiazcd  and  glazed  tiles  for  hearth  and  lavatory  work.  If  you 
know  of  anv  manufacturers  In  Canada,  we  will  deem  it  a  favor 
if  you  will  let  us  have  the  names  of  same.     Yours  truly, 

GANDY    &    ALLISON, 

Per   H.   A.    Allison. 


TECHNICAL   SOCIETIES. 

ALBERTA  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— President. 
Jas.  A.  Henderson,  F.R.I. ,  B.A.,  Edmonton;  Hon.  Secretary,  W. 
D.  Cromarty,   Edmonton, 

ARCH1TECTUR.\B  INSTITUTE  OF  BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 
— (".resident,  R.  Mackay  Fripp;  Secretary,  Fred  L,  Townley,  325 
Homer  St.,   Vancouver.   B.C. 

CANADIAN  CEMENT  AND  CONCRETE  ASSOCIATION.— 
President,  Peter  Gillespie.  Toronto,  Ont.;  Secretary-Treasurer, 
Wm.  Snalth,  The  Thor  Iron  Works,  Toronto,  Ont. 

CANADIAN  CLAY  PRODUCTS'  MANUFACTURERS'  AS- 
SOCIATION.—President,  J.  E.  Frid,  Hamilton;  Secretary-Trea- 
surer,  G.  C.  Keith,   Toronto.  ' 

CANADIAN  ELECTRICAL  ASSOCIATION.— President.  Col. 
D.  R.  Street,  Ottawa.  Secretary,  Alan  Sullivan,  Confederation 
Life  Building,  Toronto. 

CANADIAN  FORESTRY  ASSOCIATION.— President.  Wil- 
liam Power,  M.P.,  Secretary.  James  Lawler,  Journal  Building, 
Ottawa. 

CANADIAN  GAS  ASSOCIATION.— President,  Arthur  Hewitt, 
General  Manager  Consumers'  Gas  Company,  Toronto;  John 
Keillor,   Secretary-Treasurer,   Hamilton,  Ont. 

CANADIAN  INDEPENDENT  TELEPHONE  ASSOCIATION. 
—President,  W.  Doan.  M.D.,  Harrietsville,  Ont.:  Secretary- 
Treasurer,  Francis  Dagger,   21  Richmond  street  West,  Toronto. 

CANADIAN  INSTITUTE.— 198  College  Street,  Toronto. 
President,  J.   B.  Tyrrell:  Secretary,   Mr.  J.  Patterson. 

CANADIAN  NATIONAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  BUILDERS' 
EXCHANGES.— Western  Section— President.  C.  R.  Frost.  609 
Second  St.,  Edmonton,  Alta.;  Secretary-Treasurer,  A.  M.  Frith, 
224  McDougall  Ave.,  Winnipeg.  Eastern  Section — President. 
Geo.  Gander,  Toronto;  Secretary-Treasurer,  P.  L.  Fraser.  Build- 
ers' Exchange,  Toronto. 

CANADIAN  SOCIETY  OF  CIVIL  ENGINEERS— President, 
G.  H.  Duggan.  Montreal;  Secretary,  Prof.  C.  H.  McLeod.  Mont- 
real. 

LONDON  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE — ^President,  A.  C.  Nobbs: 
Secretary-Treasurer.  F.  S.  Barclay. 

ONTARIO  ASSOCl.VTION  BUILDERS  EXCHANGE— Presi- 
dent. T.  R.  Wright,  London.  Ont.:  1st  Vice-Pres.,  C.  T.  Pearse, 
Hamilton;  2nd  Vice-Pres..  A.  Tomlinson,  Chatham;  Treasurer, 
Geo.  Oakley,  Jr.,  Toronto;  Secretary,  A.  E.  Flower,  Toronto. 

MANITOBA  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— President. 
Col.  J.  B.  Mitchell.  Winnipeg;  Secretary-Treasurer,  R.  G.  Han- 
ford. 

MONTREAL  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE— President,  John 
Quinlan;  Secretary,  D.  K.  Trotter. 

ONTARIO  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.- President,  C. 
H.  Acton  Bond,  Toronto;  Treasurer,  J.  P.  Hynes,  Toronto:  Sec- 
retary, JR.  L.  Wolse.v,  Toronto. 

PROVINCE  OF  QUEBEC  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS. 
—President,  E.  B.  Staveley.  Quebec;  Treasurer.  N.  MacVicar, 
Montreal;  Secretary,  J.  Emile  Vanier,  5  Beaver  Hall  Square. 
Montreal. 

QUEBEC  BUILDERS'  EXCH.\NGE.— President.  J.  A.  Marier; 
Secretary-Treasurer.    Alf.    Cote. 

ROYAL  ARCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  CANADA.— 
President.  H.  C.  Russell.  Winnipeg.  Man.:  Hon.  Secretary,  AI- 
cide  Chausse.  No.  5,  Beaver  Hall  Square,  Montreal  Que. 

SOCIETY  OF  CHEMICAL  INDUSTRY.— Wallace  P.  Cohoe. 
Chairman;   Alfred  Burton.   Toronto,   Secretary. 

TECHNICAL  SOCIETY  OF  PETERBORO.— Bank  of  Com- 
merce Building.  Peterboro.  President,  N.  C.  Mills,  P.O.  Box 
995,  Peterboro,  Ont. 

TORONTO  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  S.  R. 
Hughes;  Secretary.  A.  E.  Flower. 

UNION  OF  CAN.\DIAN  MUNICIPALITIEIS.— President,  T. 
L  Church,  Mayor  of  Toronto,  Ont.:  Hon.  Secretary-Treasurer, 
W  D  Lighthall,  K.C.  Ex-Mavor  of  Westmount:  .^sst.  Secretary, 
O    S.  Wilson.  402  Coristine  Bldg..  Montreal 


,-> 


April,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  4 


CONTENTS 

A    NOTABLE    EXAMPLE    OF    FACTORY    CONSTRUCTION    105 

A    REINFORCED    CONCRETE    STRUCTURE    OF    MERIT    112 

A    MODERN    FACTORY    OF    STEEL    AND    CONCRETE    116 

ONE    OF    MONTREAL'S    MOST    MODERN     FACTORIES    121 

A    REINFORCED    CONCRETE    WAREHOUSE    126 

ARCHITECTURAL     DIGEST     128 

CONSTRUCTION     NEWS     131 


Full    Page    Illustrations 


FRONTISPIECE    

ARTISTIC    INTERIOR    SHOWROOM    FIXTURES 


104 
127 


H.    GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

GRAPHIC  ARTS  BLDG.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

BRANCH  OHFICKS 


MONTREAL 


NEW  YORK 


A  Notable  Example  of  Factory  Construction 

Abundant  Daylight,  Improved  Sanitation  and  Comfort  of   Employees 

Are  Features  of  This  Building 


THE  new  reinforced  concrete  factory  build- 
ing- erected  by  the  McCormiek  Manufac- 
turing Company  at  London,  Ontario,  is  an  ex- 
ample of  the  ideal  attained  in  factory  construc- 
tion in  Canada.  In  it  a  pleasing  architectural 
effect  has  been  combined  witii  utility,  sti-ength 
and  durability.  The  main  portion  of  the  build- 
ing is  approximately  three  himdred  and  fifty- 
four  feet  long  by  ninety-one  feet  in  deptii,  with 
the  wings  in  the  rear.  Exclusive  of  the  base- 
ment, the  building  is 
four  stories  in  height. 
Provisions  for  exten- 
sions have  been  made 
to  amply  take  care  of 
the  future  exi)ausioii 
of  the  business. 

The  whole  exterior 
is  of  white  terra  cotta 
tile,  attached  to  tlie 
reinforced  concrete 
structural  frame,  and 
steel  sash.  The  com- 
bination of  reinforced 
concrete  with  steel 
sash  affords  maxi- 
mum daylight,  v)roper 
ventilation  and  great- 
est permanency.  The 
airangement  of  the 
])anes  harmonizes 
with  the  general 
architectural  fea- 
tures, and  at  the  same 
time  gives  the  maxi- 
mum av^ailable  area 
for  lighting.  A  largo 
amount  of  ventilation 
is  secured  by  means 
of  specially  designed 
pivoted  ventilators. 

The  floor  construc- 
tion is  of  what  is  known  as  flat  slab  design,  and 
consists  of  solid  reinforced  concrete  slabs,  with 
no  beams  projecting  underneath  to  cut  off  the 
(hiy light.  The  floor  slabs  are  seven  inches  in 
thickness,  and  are  designed  for  a  live  load  of 
one  hundred  and  fifty  pounds  per  square  foot. 
Tn  the  i)acking  room,  where  heavier  loads  are 
anticipated,  the  floor  slab  is  nine  inches  in  depth 
and  desired  to  carry  two  luunlred  and  fifty 
pounds  pel-  s(|nare  foot.  Circular,  spirally- 
woiuid,   hooped  columns,  with   flaring  capitals. 


MAIN  p:xtha.\i"k,  .smowixc  MAKyri; 

WATT   &   BLACKWELL, 


have  been  used  throughout  the  interior  of  the 
building.  Casting  a  twelve-inch  flue  in  the  core 
of  a  number  of  these  columns  in  the  north-west 
wing  of  the  building  was  an  interesting  feature 
in  reinforced  conci-ete  column  design. 

The  fireproof  (puUities  have  been  carried  out 
in  all  parts  of  the  building,  even  to  the  interior 
])artitions,  which  are  of  metal  lath  plastered  to 
the  required  thickness  with  cement  moi-tar. 
Metal  lath  is  also  used  in  the  suspended  ceiling 

over  the  oven  room. 
The  stairs  also  are  of 
solid  concrete  con- 
struction, with  the 
concrete  steps  being 
moulded  in  place. 
Kalm  system  stand- 
ard design  was  em- 
ployed throughout  in 
the  reinforced  con- 
ci-ete  work. 

When  planning  this 
new  building,  perfec- 
tion was  the  aim,  and 
apparently  the  archi- 
tects have  attained 
their  ideal.  The  de- 
sign shows  study  and 
a  careful  placing  of 
any  ornamentation, 
and  showing  a  strong- 
vertical  feeling,  and 
presents  an  unusual 
and  attractive  ap- 
pearance; the  main 
entrance  being  ac- 
cented by  the  tower 
portion. 

Passing  into  i  h  e. 
miain  entrance,  one  is 
conf  i-onted  with  a 
most  attractive  lobby, 
with  tile  floor,  oak  trim;  ranged  around  this 
lobby  are  built-in  showcases,  of  leade<l  glass  de- 
sign, displaying  all  the  different  brands  of  the 
firm's  confections.  On  either  side  of  this  lobby 
are  ])laced  the  private  and  general  business 
ofliees,  all  finished  in  (|uarter-cut  oak,  and  on 
eitlier  side  of  these  are  placed  the  employees' 
entrances.  The  remainder  of  the  first  floor  is 
utilized  for  ship))ing  rooms,  mixed  candy  de- 
partment, cohl  storage  and  stock  rooms,  while 
at  the  rear  is  the  oven  room.     This  jvortion  is 


SK,    MCCORMICK    CO.,    LTD.,      LONDON,    O-NT. 
ARCHITECTS,   LONDON,   ONT. 


105 


1(16 


CONSTRUCTION 


"5        ss:t 


CONSTRUCTION 


107 


\IK\V    OF    RECEPnoX    KUOM. 


but  one  story  in  height,  and  is  liglited  by  sky- 
lights. In  this  i-oom  the  biscuits  are  carried, 
after  leaving  the  ovens,  by  travelling  conveyors 
to  the  packing  rooms  on  the  fourth  floor,  and 
thence  by  conveyors  to  the  final  destination  in 
the  shipping  rooms  on  the  first  floor,  where  they 
are  placed  on  the  freight  cars,  which  come  in  on 
the  two  sidings  between  the  rear  wings  of  the 
building. 

Another  feature  of  the  |)]ant  is  the  long  corri- 
dors from  one  end  of  the  building  to  the  other, 
whereby  visitors  may  view  the  different  pro- 
cesses through  glass  partitions  without  going 
direotly  into  the  rooms,  and  also  the  oven  room 
from  a  balcony  on  the  second  floor. 

From  the  employees'  point  of  view,  this  fac- 
tory compares  favorably  witli  anything  of  its 
kind  in  Canada;  not  only  is  the  health  well  cared 
for  by  the  proper  ventilation  and  light,  but 
there  is  a  large  serve-solf  dining-room,  with  a 
seating  cavmcity  of  six  hundred,  a  modern  gym 
nasium,  shower  baths,  locker  rooms,  library, 
and  a  most  complete  Red  Cross  room  for  emer- 
gency accident  cases. 

In  the  room  on  the  fifth  floor  of  the  tower  is 
the  reception  room,  which  is  fitted  in  a  restful 
manner  with  wicker  furniture. 

The  i)ower  plant  is  situated  in  a  separate 
building  at  the  rear  end,  and  here  also  is  to  be 
found  the  most  modern  machinery,  both  in  the 
way  of  electrical  and  steam  equipment,  and  also 
the  same  cleanly  surroundings. 

This  large  plant  has  eight  acres  of  floor  space, 
and  is  so  planned  that  additions  may  be  added 
wifthouit  disturbing  business  in  the  present  one. 

Mechanical  and  Electrical  Equipment 

H.    1'.    KIliDtt.    ronsiiltiiiK    lOiiKiriecr. 

The  equipment  of  these  buildings,  that  is,  the 
part.s  that  oarae  under  the  supervision  of  the 
ensrineer,  consisted  of  the  following:— 

Power  plant,  buildings  and  equipment. 

Heating  system. 

Ventilating  system. 

Refrigeration  system. 

EleKric  power  transmission  and  motors. 


Illuminating  system. 

Hot  blast  apparatus  for  drying  rooms. 

Temperature  regulation. 

High  pressure  steam  system. 

Elevators  and  conveyors. 

Ovens,  etc.,  etc. 

Placing  of  all  machinery,  shafting,  etc. 

Pumping  sys'tems  for  syrups,  etc. 

The  most  interesting  features,  from  the  stand- 
point of  an  engineer,  are  that  the  owners  placed 
no  resti-iotion  in  regard  to  expense  in  purchas- 
ing the  best  equipment,  and  si)ared  no  engineer- 
ing expense  in  making  complete  plans.  All 
}>arts  of  the  buildings  were  laid  out  on  a  scale 
of  three-eights  inch  to  the  foot.  These  plans 
showed  the  location  of  all  motors,  shafting, 
l)ulleys,  pipe  work,  machines,  etc.,  etc.  In  con- 
sequence of  this  all  the  equipment  went  into 
place  without  interference,  and  tlie  machines, 
used  in  manufacturing,  were  transferred  from 
the  old  factory  and  manufacturing  started  in 
the  new  faotoi-y  without  any  loss  of  production. 

The  owiiei-s'  instructions  were  to  provide 
every  possible  device  to  ensure  the  siafety  and 
comfort  of  the  employees  and  the  sanitary 
handling  of  raw  materials  and  finished  products. 

The  power  ])lant  is  ])laced  about  one  hundred 
and  fifty  feet  from  the' main  buildings  and  con- 
nected to  them  by  a  well-lighted  tunnel, 
steam  and  water  pipes  are  carried  at 
of  this  tunnel,  and  the  electric  cables 
ried  in  conduit  buried  in  the  reinforced 
roof. 

The  floor  of  the  boiler  house  is  eight  feet  be- 
low grade,  which  allows  a  gravity  return  of  all 
condensed  steam  and  at  the  same  time  brings 
the  coal  hoppers  of  the  s.tokers  level  with  the 
ground,  so  that  coal  can  be  brought  in  on  a 
track  without  handling.  The  chimney  is  one 
hundred  and  twenty-five  feet  high,  five  feet  six 
inches  inside,  built  of  reinforced  concrete  "coni- 
form" section.  Provision  is  made  for  five  boil- 
ers, one  hundred  and  twenty-five  horsepower 
each.  These  are  return  tubular,  sixteen  feet  by 
seventy-two  inches,  and  each  has  a  self- feeding. 


All  the 
one  side 
are  car- 
concrete 


TII.KI)   ENTHANCB   LOBBY. 


108 


CONSTRUCTION 


SEfONr)  rUnlR   Vl,\S    MCOOBMICK    MANUrACTl'RINti  <o.    TAlTdKY 


CONSTRUCTION 


109 


VIEW    OK    WliAI'PINC.    liOO.M,   .SIKIWIXG    SPACINU   OK   COLfMXS. 

smokeless  t'nnuu'e.  A  full  eciuipiiu'iit  of  i)iiini)s, 
trap.s  and  heaters  are  ])r()vided,  all  in  duplicate. 
The  plant  is  laid  out  with  the  idea  of  iisins' 
"TTydro"  power,  and  a  very  eonii)]ete  switeh- 
l)oar(l  is  installed,  having'  a  caiiaeity  of  four 
hundred  kilowatts.  There  is  a  one  hundred  and 
twenty-fi\e  T\.\^A.  generator,  live  hundred  and 
fifty  volts,  three-phase,  twenty-five  cycles,  di- 
rect connected  to  a  high-speed  vertical  engine. 
This  outfit  has  a  large  overload  ca])acity,  and  is 
used  chiefly  at  times  of  peak  load  or  to  keep 
inii)ortant  ])arts  of  the  plant  in  operation  during 
a  temporary  failure  of  "Hydro"  power,  (hi 
account  of  a  number  of  large  motors  in  this 
factory,  which  run  intermittently,  it  is  imjjos- 
sible  to  maintain  a  gootl  i)ower  factor  without 
the  use  of  synchronous  motors.  This  generator 
is,  ■therefore,  arranged  so  that  it  can  be  floated 
upon  the  circuit,  and  the  power  factor  can  easily 
be  brought  to  one  hundred  i)er  cent.  Provision 
is  made  for  future  units  if  found  advisable. 

The  buildings,  in  general,  tire  heated  by  direct 
radiation  under  a  pressure  of  one  pound  or  less. 
It  is  a  one-vacuum  system,  complete  in  every 
detail. 

Ill  a  factory  of  this  nature,  the  floor  space  is 


VIEW    OF    LUNCH     ROOM,    SHOWING    EXTENSIVE    INTEHIOK. 

large  compared  to  the  number  of  employees, 
and  no  general  system  of  ventilation  is  required. 
Very  complete  ventilation  sj'stemis  are  provided 
for  the  officers,  however,  and  for  all  depart- 
ments where  the  nature  of  the  work  recjuires  it. 
The  oven  rooms,  chocolate  dipping  rooms,  boilr 
ing  rooms,  etc.,  are  perfectly  ventilated,  winter 
antl  summer,  by  special  inultivane  fans.  In  the 
winter  the  air  is  tempered  by  pipe  coil  heaters. 
The  air  for  the  chocolate  dipping  rooms  and 
several  of  the  storage  rooms  is  passed  through 
an  air  washer,  and  in  the  smnnier  is  cooled  by 
the  refrigerating  ])lant. 

The  ammonia  compressor,  for  the  refrigera- 
tion system,  is  a  sixty-ton  machine,  driven  by 
a  ninety  horsepower  variable-speed  motor.  It 
is  placed  in  the  engine  room,  and  a  brine  system 
use^d,  so  that  no  ammonia  gas  is  used  in  thi' 
factory.  An  interesting  feature  of  this  installa- 
tion is  the  method  of  carrying  cooled  and 
washed  air  to  various  deimrtments  Avithout  dis- 
figuring the  rooms  with  large  air  pipes.  Cer- 
tain oolunms  of  the  building  are  made  hollow, 
and  the  air  is  introducetl  into  these  at  the  base- 
ment, and  thus  carried  to  the  rooms  above. 

All  the  steam  and  return  ])ipes,  water,  gas, 
electric  cables,  etc.,  are  carried  up  in  accessible 
places  beside  the  elevator  shafts.     The  wiring 


^^  M-^ 


CUIAK    llOO.\l.    SHOWINIi    METAl,    INIIIVllUAl,   UK.-KERS. 


Kri.LV    EQlIl'l'EM    HOSl'lTAL.   ROOM. 


110 


CONSTRUCTION 


kJV.-tf.H  n*: 


m'^] ,____ 


SHffiHffiffi 


Cooled  air,  hrinc  pipes  and  steam  pipes  are  con- 
trolled by  theriuostats  o])eratinf?  on  valves  and 
dampers,  so  that  an  even  teiiiperatiiic  can  he 
maintained  automatically  dnrinf>:  tlie  coldest  or 
liotte.st  weather. 


llipillEiiM 


i  111  iii  Hij  S«!iE:^ 


I-T'    ■    -■■,-■-        '    ....Vf  h.r.fa.- 


FFn  I'TF-TI  FfFJF-l  frBrl.l,fcTFiTril  HTJ-TF 1  f^>i"iBH!|HI 


SIDE  ELEVATION    MCCORMICK    MAMKAiTlulN 


is  all  in  conduit.  All  the  lighting  circuits  are 
buried  in  the  concrete  floors.  The  power  wiring, 
from  the  jvmotion  boxes,  is  carried  in  conduit 
on  the  ceiling.  Tlie  motors  are  all  carried  on 
special  isteel  cradles  susjvended  from  the  ceil- 
ings. Individual  drives  are  general,  and  group 
drives  are  used  where  moi-e  economical. 

The  illuminating  system  is  thorouglily  worked 
out,  and  consists  of  a  system  of  general  illumina- 
tion over  the  whole  factory,  the  intensity  being 
varied  to  suit  conditions.  The  offices  are  lighted 
by  a  system  of  total  indirect  illumination,  which 
has  found  great  favor  with  the  employees. 

Various  large  drying  rooms  are  provided,  in 
which  the  temperature  can  be  cjirried  up  to  one 
hundred  and  eighty  degrees  Fahrenheit.  They 
are  heated  by  pipe  coil  heaters  and  multivane 
fans,  and  provision  made  for  thorough  circula- 
tion and  close  regulation. 

A  special  system  of  temperature  regula- 
tion is  provided  in  various  departments,  notably 
the  sponge  room  (where  the  biscuit  dough  is 
allowed  to  rise)  and    in    the   chocolate  rooms. 


i'A(TORy,   LONDON,   ONT. 

High  pressure  steam  is  used  for  various 
inaiiufacturing  purposes.  The  boiler  pressure 
is  kept  at  about  one  lumdred  and  twenty  pounds. 
This  is  i)assed  through  a  regulating  valve  re- 
duced to  eiglity  ix)unds,  and  carried  from  tlie 
])owei-  house  through  an  eight-inch  main.  All 
'api)aratus  is  trai)ped  with  tilt  traps  or  continu- 
ous (low  traps.  Various  tell-tale  devices  are  in- 
stalled, which  indicate  the  failure  of  any  trap, 
and  the  whole  system  has  proved  very  effective 
and  economical.  A  feature  of  this  is  a  special 
return  pipe  cai-ried  to  most  of  the  steam-using 
ai)]iai-atus.  .\  special  drip  is  provided  on  each 
machine,  in(l('i>endent  of  the  trap.  This  drip 
opens  above  a  funnel  leading  into  the  si)ecial 
return.  Tn  this  way.  if  a  traj)  gets  out  of  order 
and  the  machine  ojterator  uses  the  drip,  it  is  at 
once  noticed  by  the  foreman.  Vents  are  also 
lead  out  above  the  elevator  towers,  and  if  any 
steam  is  being  w^asted,  it  is  quite  evident  and 
can  be  seen  by  the  manager  or  superintendents. 
The  importance  of  this  can  be  readily  recog- 
nized from  the  fact  that  in  factories  of  this 
nature  at  least  ten  times  the  amount  of 
steam  that  is  actually  needed  can  be 
wasted  by  allowing  the  high  pressure 
system  to  get  out  of  order. 


THII:li    KMXll!    PLAN     MCCOIiMUK     MAN  IKArTIKIXG  ,CO.       FACTORY. 


WATT   &    BLACK  WELL,  ARCHITECTS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


111 


Complete  systems  of  automatic  carriers  have 
been  provided  for  taking  tlie  biscuits  from  the 
oven  room  to  the  packing  rooms  and  from  the 
packing  rooms  to  the  shipi)ing  rooms.  Tlie  floui- 
is  automatically  weighed,  sifted,  blended  and 
delivered  to  the'  dough  mixers.  A  mono-rail 
conveyor  enables  one  man  to  handle  a  tub  con- 
taining nearly  two  tons  of  dough.  Sugar  syrups 
and  all  raw  materials  are  taken  from  the  cars 
and  placed  in  the  desired  locations  without 
manual  labor. 

The  large  freight  elevators  and  passenger 
elevators  are  operated  by  induction  motors 
with  special  high  resistance  end  rings.  No  con- 
trollers are  used  with  these  motors,  and  there  is 
consequently  very  little  apparatus  to  get  out  of 
order. 


modern  as  Ferret's  plans;  12-foot  walls  were 
none  too  thick  to  support  11  stories.  Here, 
again,  however,  the  ingenuity  of  the  architect 
showed  itself,  for  he  found  a  way  to  make  use 
of  the  walls  without  weakening  their  strength. 

"In  the  thickness  of  the  walls,"  he  wrote, 
"are  little  stairways,  cabinets  and  cupboards, 
from  the  bottom  floor  to  the  top  floor.  Thus 
there  is  no  space  wasted." 

Evidently  the  building  was  designed  for  a 
dwelling— perhaps  an  apartment  house  — for  in 
describing  his  project  Ferret  wrote :  'This  great 
and  excellent  edifice  can  accommodate  comfort- 
ably 500  people." 

Considering  the  date  of  the  design,  the  pro- 
ject of  Jacques  Ferret  was,  in  many  ways,  a  re- 
markable prophetic  vision.      In  ornateness  of 


roWER   PLANT,    MCCORMICK    MAN  IKACTITRING  CO.    FACTORY,   LONDON,  ONT. 


H.    P.    ELLIOTT,    B.A.SC,    M.E.,    E.E.,    CONSULTING    ENGINEER. 


ANCESTOR  OF  SKYSCRAPERS 

In  1601  Jacques  Ferret,  an  architect  living 
in  Chambray,  Savoy,  designed  a  building  that, 
although  it  was  never  erected,  may  properly 
claim  to  be  the  ancestor  of  the  modern  sky- 
scraper. What  a  visionary  dreamer  must  have 
been  the  architect  who  300  years  ago,  planned 
an  11-storey  building,  361  feet  in  height— al- 
most half  as  tall  as  the  tallest  building  in  New 
York. 

According  to  Ferret's  measurements  the 
building  was  to  be  166  feet  long  and  140  feet 
broad.  And  the  walls  were  to  have  been  more 
than  12  feet  thick.  But  in  1601  the  methods  of 
building   construction    were   by    no    means    so 


detail  and  in  fanciful  exaggeration,  the  building 
suggests  the  16th  century,  but  in  its  general 
lines  it  represents  a  much  later  period  in  archi- 
tecture. Like  the  modern  skyscrapers,  it  has  a 
tower  above  the  main  building.  And  when  he 
designed  the  terraced  roof,  did  Jacques  Ferret 
dream  of  a  roof  garden? 


FOREST  PLANTING 

Forest  planting  has  been  carried  on  by  the 
Japanese  for  probably  a  much  greater  period 
than  400  years,  and  it  is  this  work  that  gives 
Japan  credit  for  having  practised  forestry  be- 
fore any  other  nation.  As  a  matter  of  fact, 
however,  the  forests  of  Japan  have  been  under 
real  forest  management  less  than  thirty  years. 


A  Reinforced  Concrete  Structure  of  Merit 

Modelled  From  The  Firm's  Parent  Factory,  The  Canadian  Building 

Contains  Improved  Ideas 


ri^^lll'i  Will.  Wiiyley,  Jr.,  buildiiij>:  isfive  storey 
I  (111(1  biisoiuent  of  reinforced  concrete  con- 
st riu-t.ioii  of  tile  most  niodcrn  fii'cproof  type, 
with  a  width  of  !H)  feet  on  Carlaw  avenue,  and  a 
depth  of  -im  feet. 


The  exteiior  windows  of  tlie  buildinj;;  are  of 
wire  ^lass  witii  I'oUed  steel  frame  extending!; 
from  coluiim  to  column,  and  fifivinji:  a  maximum 
of  lij^lit  for  manufacturinf<  purposes. 

All  elevator  shafts  and  stairwells  are  entirelv 


IKONT    ANU    SIIIK    EXTKIUOI:.    W  M .     U'iaiU.KV,    Jl!..    FAI'TOIIY.    TOISON'TO. 


I'KACK    &    I'EKRINE,   AliCHITKCTS. 


tbsr-.-  cra»--:rty3 


rio^T   fLoca  pi-M1- 

112 


CONSTRUCTION 


113 


enclosed  with  fireproof  imrtvtions  and  fire  doors 
from  basement  to  roof,  so  as  to  afford  absolute!}- 
safe  means  of  egress  to  the  occupants  in  ease  of 
fire. 

In  siving  orders  for  tlie  building,  the  owners 
recpiired  that  it  should  be  designed  for  manu- 
facturing ]niri)oses,  with  a  maximum  of  light, 
should  be  as  fii-eproof  as  practical  to  make  it, 
and  that  special  attention  should  be  paid  to  the 
sanitarj-  arrangements,  and  ample  provision 
made  for  the  accommodation  of  the  em])loyee,  as 
in  their  manufacturing  processes  cleanliness 
was  the  first  consideration,  so  no  expense  was 
s])ared  in  the  building  to  realize  the  highest 
ideals  in  this  regard. 

The  building  construction  is  pattenied  to 
to  some  extent  after  the  owner's  Chicago  fac- 
tory, and  sanitary  arrangements  found  success- 
ful there,  adopted  for  use  in  this  building.  The 
plumbing  fixtures  are  of  the  best  throughout 
with  flushometer  valves  and  syi)hon  jet  bowls, 
easily  flushed  and  cleaned  at  all  times. 

The  toilet  room  floors  throughout  are  of  ter- 
razzo,  with  waterproof  walls  and  ceilings,  and 
with  cove  molds  at  all  corners,  so  as  to  leave  uo 
awkward  corners  for  the  accumulation  of  dirl 
and  rubbish.  A  novel  feature  is  the  arrange- 
ment of  the  wash  basins  throughout  the  factory, 
which,  instead  of  being  placed  inside  the  toilet 
rooms  in  the  usual  manner,  are  j^laced  just  out 
side  the  door  in  the  factory  with  a  white  terrazzo 
floor  under  them.  This  enables  the  foreman  to 
keep  a  watchful  eye  on  the  employees  and  make 
sure  that  their  ablutions  are  properly  attended 
to. 

Ample  dressing  rooms  and  locker  rooms 
have  been  provided  also,  and  rest  rooms  for  the 
women  and  smoking  rooms  for  the  men,  with 
magazines,  gramoi>hone  and  other  amusements 
for  the  noon  hour.  Shower  baths  are  also  pro- 
vided, and  sanitary  bubbling  drinking  fountains 
so  as  to  encourage  the  employee  to  cleanliness 
and  self  respect. 

For  the  main  structure  of  the  building  Flat 
Slab  reinforced  concrete  construction  was 
adopted  with  cohnnns  sjjaced  20  feet  apart  in 
each  direction.  This  construction  gives  an  ab- 
solutely flat  ceiling  without  any  i)rojecting 
beams  or  girders,  and  as  the  side  windows  are 
run  clear  up  to  the  ceiling,  the  distribution  of 
light  througli  tiie  interior  is  as  near  perfect  as 
it  is  possible  to  be.  This  construction  also  allows 
the  greatest  economy  in  the  installation  of  all 
s])rinklers  and  heating  ))i])es,  shafting  hangers 
and  other  eipiipment,  eliminating  all  awkward 
bends,  and  also  increases  the  available  head 
room  and  storage  heights  materially.  The  great 
stiffness  of  this  construction  also  renders  im- 
percetible  the  vibration  from  moving  machines 
so  that  all  delicate  machines  register  accurately, 
and  all   shifting  and  other  moving  parts  once 


properly  set  keep  their  alignment  indefinitely. 

This  construction  also  with  round  columns 
has  been  proved  by  the  Edison  fire  at  Orange, 
New  Jersey,  to  be  the  most  jierfect  type  from 
the  standpoint  of  firei)roofness,  as  there  are  no 
projecting  comers  anywhere  for  the  fire  to  at- 
tack, and  no  sprawling  off  of  corners  due  to 
unecpial  expansion,  such  as  hapi)ens  in  buildings 
with  square  columns  and  beams.  This  fact  has 
been  recognized  by  the  "Fire  X  Jiderwriters,"  so 
that  it  is  now  i)ossible  to  secui'e  a  lower  insur- 
ance rate  with  this  construction  than  with  any 
other  type,  as  has  been  proved  by  the  rates 
offered  on  this  building,  and  on  others  of  similar 
design. 

Tbis  building  was  designed  for  a  floor  load  of 
200  pounds  per  square  foot,  and  at  the  time  it 


MAIN     ENTRANCE,    SHOWING    MAKBLE    STAIRWAY,     WM.     WRIOLEV,    JR., 
FACTORY,    TORONTO. 

was  built  was  the  first  large  building  of  this  type 
that  had  been  constructed  in  Toronto,  and  the 
first  one  of  this  type  under  the  new  Toronto 
building  code;  although  this  construction  is 
widely  used  in  the  States  and  rapidly  supersed- 
ing other  types. 

The  Toronto  code  being  somewhat  conserva- 
tive, owing  to  the  newness  of  this  type,  the  build- 
ing is  somewhat  heavier  in  proportion  than  a 
building  of  the  same  capacity  would  be  in 
Chicago  and  other  large  American  cities.  Dur- 
ing construction  and  before  the  concrete  was 
sufficiently  aged  to  attain  its  full  strength,  the 
floor  was  tested  over  two  panels,  an  area  of 


k 


IN 


CONS T RUCTION 


aluiut  l,r)UO  .s(|uaro  tVot  witli  a  test  load  of  514 
pounds  per  s(piait'  foot,  or  about  341  tons,  in 
aci'ordancc  witli  tlii'  city  reciuirenients.  TIio  dc- 
flet'tion  for  tliis  livad  was  only  o/Ki  incli  at  tlic 
20  foot  imnol  without  any  signs  of  distress  in 
the  concrotc  at  any  point. 

(irwit  care  was  given  to  the  floor  finish  of  the 
huildiiifi:,  most  of  the  factory  floor  having  a 
cement  top[)ing  and  carefully  graded  silica 
gravel  and  sand  was  used  in  mixing  the  cement 


used,  ai)plied  directly  on  the  concrete  and  has 
made  a  splendid,  |)leasing  floor  both  to  walk  on 
and  for  ajjpea ranee. 

The  artificial  lighting  is  supplied  by  means 
of  one  largo  outlet  in  the  centre  of  each  20  x  20 
foot  panel,  wliich  makes  a  pertnissible  arrange- 
ment due  to  the  flat  ceilings  which  i-eflect  the 
light  unifonnly  in  all  directions,  and  the  interior 
of  the  building  and  all  ceilings  being  painted 
with  white  paint,  greatly  adds  to  this  result.  The 


Oj^Jr^* 


SKCTION    TJIKOrCH    FACTOltY    OF   WM.    WRIGLEY,   JR.,   TORONTO. 

toi)ping  laid  rather  dry  and  afterward  cured  by 
being  kept  covered  with  damp  sawdust  for 
several  weeks.  The  result  has  been  a  sjilendid 
iiani  topping  that  stands  up  under  trucking  and 
withoiit  the  dusting  of  the  surface  .so  objection- 
able with  most  cement  factory  floors.  Floor 
hardener  was  used  in  the  topping  for  the  stairs 
and  landings  with  good  results,  while  in  the 
oHice-,  luittle^hiii  linoleum  l/>  inch  thick  has  been 


PRACK   &   FERRlNIi,  ARCHITECTS. 


paint  for  the  factory  portion  being  of  the  brand 
of  cold  water  paint,  an  excellent  cheap  paint 
with  waterproof  qualities. 

The  heating  of  the  building  is  by  steam  of  a 
combination  gravity  and  vacuum  steam  heating 
system,  steam  being  supplied  by  two  efficient 
C.  T.  sectional  boilers  of  100  H.P.  each. 

The  elevator  service  of  the  building  is  fur- 
nished by  two  freight  and  one  push  button  pas- 


CONSTRUCTION 


115 


senger  elevators,  which  amply  provide  the 
transportation  service  in  the  building. 

As  an  aid  to  the  receiving  and  shipping 
facilities,  a  siding  runs  close  to  the  building  in 
the  rear,  and  loading  and  unloading  is  done 
directly  from  car  into  first  floor  of  building, 
while  for  wagon  shipments  a  loading  dock  has 
been  provided  as  showTi  by  the  first  floor  plan, 
where  wagons  can  drive  under  a  portion  of  the 
building  at  the  rear  and  load  and  unload  under 
cover. 

The  front  portion  of  the  building  is  devoted 
to  offices,  and  has  for  tlmt  reason  been  made 
more  elaborate  than  the  factory  construction, 
being  veneered  with  pressed  brick  over  the  con- 
crete work  and  ornamented  with  terra  cotta. 

The  interior  of  the  main  offices  have  been 
finished  in  an  ornate  and  harmonious  though 
simple  manner. 

The  walls  and  ceilings  are  plastered  and 
ornamented  with  a  few  simple  plaster  molds, 
while  the  wainscoting  and  trim  is  panelled  in 
(piartered  oak.  The  walls  are  beautifully  tinted 
with  soft  colors  restful  to  the  eyes,  the  lighting 
fixtui'es  are  bronze  of  the  indirect  type  of  an 
elegant  graceful  design;  the  furniture  is  all  new 
and  of  <iuartered  oak  especially  finished  to 
match  the  wood  trim,  the  floor  of  green  linoleum, 
the  entrance  halls  and  toilet  rooms  finished  with 
marble  wainscotings  and  floors,  and  the  whole 
effect  is  (luite  artistic. 

This  building  has  been  pronounced  by  those 
who  have  seen  it,  to  be  one  of  the  finest  and  best 
type  of  modern  factory  buildings  in  Canada, 
embodying  as  it  does  all  the  late  developments 
and  improvements  in  factory  construction,  due 
to  the  remarkable  development  of  reinforced 
concrete  during  the  last  ten  years,  and  is  well 
worth  a  visit  by  anyone  interested  in  new  build- 
ing construction. 


PRACTICAL    RESULTS    OF    TOWN 
PLANNING 

In  giving  his  experience  as  a  resident  of  a 
town-planning  garden  suburb,  Mr.  George 
Phelps,  now  of  Toronto,  at  the  preliminary  con- 
ference to  form  a  Civic  Improvement  League, 
said:— I  had  the  i)rivilege  of  living  in  a  garden 
suburb  a  few  years  ago,  and  from  having  lived 
in  it  and  taking  part  in  the  life  there,  that  very 
fact  has  fired  me  with  an  enthusiasm  for  town- 
planning  and  housing  I  cannot  get  rid  of.  I 
know  the  project  from  the  inside,  and  I  also 
know  that  the  place  where  I  lived  was  one  of 
the  most  beautiful  places  anywhere— the  Hamp- 
stead  garden  suburb  in  England.  Anything  I 
can  do  to  forward  a  movement  to  improve  con- 
ditions in  the  way  that  the  town-planning  move- 
ment has  been  carried  on  there  I  will  do  to  my 
very  utmost  ability,  simply  because  I  know, 
from  living  in  it  and  being  connected  with  the 
movement,  what  a  tremendous  benefit  it  is,  not 
only  in  beautifying  the  town  but  in  uplifting 

the  people  who  live  there. 

■  »  ■ — 

BUILDING    MATERIALS  WANTED 
IN  RUSSIA 

The  British  Vice-Consul  at  Moscow  (Mr.  E. 
B.  St.  Clair),  in  calling  attention  to  the  great 
demand  that  will  arise  in  Russia  after  the  war 
for  manufactured  goods  of  every  description, 
points  out  that  the  following  goods  were  for- 
merly imported  from  Germany  and  Austria- 
Hungary  on  a  large  scale:— Building  materials 
and  requisites :  Tiles,  majolica,  terra  cotta, 
locks,  and  sanitary  goods  and  fittings.  Ma- 
chinery and  tools :  Power  plants,  pumps  of 
every  description,  motor-cars  and  spare  parts, 
etc.  Scientific  instruments,  etc.  Scientific  in- 
struments, etc. 


1 


WM.    WRUH.HV,    JR..    PArTOKV,    INTKIircili    VIKVV.    HllOWl  NO   1(11. IMNS    A.VI)    KI.AT   SLAB   CONSTRICTION,    A[..SO   SPRINKLER    SVSTE.M. 


A  Modern  Factory  of  Steel  and  Concrete 

Former  Experience  in  Factory  Construction  Utilized  to  Advantage 


(^ITTATKI)  oil  Christie  street ,  Toronto,  just 
|^*^  iiortli  of  tile  CHiuulian  I'aeific  Railway 
traeks,  in  the  eity's  newer  factory  section,  is 
located  one  of  the  most  up-to-date  and  best- 
fKjuipped  nianufacturinj;'  phuits  on  tlie  continent, 
recently  completed  to  provide  a  home  for  the 
manufacturinji;  and  executive  staff  of  the  Na- 
tional Cash  lies>-ister  Co.,  of  Canada,  Ltd. 

The  four  huildin.ns  of  tlie  j^roup  arranged  in 
the  form  of  an  "L,"  are  placed  in  the  .south- 
east corner  of  the  proi)erty  which  comprises 
some  seven  and  one-half  acres,  and  provides  for 
plenty  of  air  and  light,  as  well  as  making  i)ro- 
vision  for  necessary  extensions  exjyected  in  the 
near  futui'e.  The  recent  elevation  of  the  rail- 
way tracks  and  tiie  depression  of  the  street  on 
whicii  the  main  portion  of  tlie  l)uilding  fronts, 
made  necessary  a  retaining  wall  of  conci-ete,  .so 
that  the  structure  has  an  im]>osing  appearance 
on  the  elevated  surrounding  ground. 

Brick  and  steel  were  the  materials  used,  the 
lintels  and  sills  are  finislied  in  stone,  and  tlie 
interior  steel  colunms  are  encased  in  concrete, 
so  that  a  building  of  fireproof  construction  is 
obtained,  and  fui-tlier  security  is  secured  by  the 
installation  of  a  sprinkler  system  througliout. 
The  floors  of  the  factory  are  of  concrete,  while 
the  foundry  floor  is  of  brick  and  tlie  windows 
are  of  the  metal  sash  type. 

The  main  building  is  set  back  some  fifty  feet 
from  the  street  line,  tlie  intervening  space  be- 
ing grass  covered,  with  flower  beds  well  ar- 
ranged, the  whole  providing  a  pleasant  view 
from  within  or  without,  and  adding  to  tlie  gen- 


eral appearance  of  the  plant  as  seen  from  the 
street.  Entrance  to  the  main  building  is  through 
a  large  doorway  designed  in  the  (Jotliic  style, 
the  beauty  of  whicli  will  be  noted  by  referring 
to  the  reproduction  in  detail,  which  we  show 
herewith. 

Facing  on  Christie  street,  the  main  building 


r 


f?p 


SBS  ' 

1 

mwBaa 

•25: 

2 

yii^s 

ft 

—.  "  ■  ■         -' i>i-|i'MMi£y;  r».Mi 

^^^ 

MAIN    KXTI:.\M'i;.    NATIONAL   CASH    UKCISTKl!    KACTDI'.V.   TdKdNTO. 

has  a  frontage  of  two  hundred  and  forty  feet 
by  sixty  feet  deep,  and  is  two  storeys  in  height, 
with  a  full  size  ba.sement.  The  frontage  of  the 
manufacturing  buildings  on  the  south  is  also 
two  hundred  and  forty  feet  by  sixty  feet,  and 
contains  one  storey  and  basement,  while  the 
foundry  connected  at  the  extreme  end  by  an 
enclosed  passageway  is  eighty  by  sixty  feet. 


SMITH     ANIi    KAST    Kl.KVATUlN.    NATICINAI.    i:ASH     KKdISTKI!    FAlTllltV.    TOHONTO. 

116 


I'AriE    A    WARKINCTON.    AKCH  ITE<TS.    TDKOXTO. 


CONSTRUCTION 


117 


Midway  of  the  southern  portion  of  the  base- 
ment is  an  underffroniid  tniinel  leading  to  the 


_r^.: 


.S'tSL 


rACjtw,-  rcfi  'i[it  n.c rco 

CHB13TIC  ircrxT 
Tocorrro 


nJ33T  rijDOP  PLAr: 
OROUND  FLOOR  PLAN,    NATIONAL   CASH    REOISTER  FACTORY,  TORONTO. 


power  house,  garage  and  blacksmitli  shop,  situ- 
ated about  sixty  feet  from  the  factory  build- 
iiigs.  This  tunnel  serves  as  well  for  the  heat- 
ing mains  and  live  steam  lines  to  the  plating 
and  finishing  rooms. 

The  power-iiouse  eontains  three  boilers  of 
the  tubular  type,  together  with  the  same  num- 
ber of  smokeless  furnaces,  coal  being  carried  to 
same  by  overhead  conveyors.  Niagara  electric 
power  is  used  throughout  in  manufacturing, 
making  unnecessary  any  installation  of  power- 
prodncing  equipment.  The  boilers  jirovide 
steam  for  the  i)lating  process,  as  well  as  heat- 


ing  the   water    wliicli   circulates   as   a   heating 
medium  to  all  parts  of  the  building. 

While  the  forced  liot  water  system  of  heating- 
is  installed  in  some  of  the  larger  institutions  in 
Canada,  its  use  has  been  uncommon,  due  to  the 
greater  cost  of  installation  largely,  so  that  its 
adoption  for  use  in  a  building  of  the  factory 


■'■IT. 


6ASBMENT   PLAN,    NATIONAL  CA.SH    REGISTER    FACTORY.    TORONTO. 


118 


CONSTRUCTION 


STKKl.    KHAME    WORK,    NATIONAL    CASH    KBGISTEK    FACTOHV. 


typo  is  wortliy  of  iioto.  The  claim  is  made  for 
tliis  system  tliat  it  does  not  give  the  dry  and 
more  iiitoiiso  lioat  of  steam,  which  absorbs  the 
natural  Inunidity  of  tiie  air,  and  as  a  I'esult  a 
more  liealthy  atmosi)here  is  i)rovided  for  the  oc- 
cupants. Tlie  water  is  heated  by  steam  in  two 
duplicate  converters,  and  is  circulated  by  means 
of  two  electrically  driven  rotary  pumps. 

An  important  feature  of  the  equipment  of 
this  i)lant  is  tlie  ventilation,  fresh  air  lieated  is 
circulated  to  the  manufacturing  departments 
and  the  foul  air  drawni  off,  and  a  so))ai'ate  sys- 
tem draws  all  dust  dii-ect  from  the  butfing  and 
grinding  machines  to  the  basement  without  un- 
sightly overhead  ducts,  which  take  uj)  so  gre?t 
a  s])ace.  I'ower  is  supplied  to  the  machines  on 
tlie  ground  floor  by  shafting  placed  on  the  ceil- 
ing of  the  basement  which  does  away  with  over- 
liead  driving  force  and  dangerous  transmission 
belts  of  i)eril  to  the  oi)erators.  In  the  foundry 
are  installed  sixteen  crucible  furnaces  of  the 
usual  sunken  type,  and  a  sub-basement  space 
provides  for  the  necessary  cleaning  of  same. 

The  floors  of  tlie  factory  are  of  concrete,  laid 


on  steel  "J"  beams,  supjmrted  by  two  columns 
in  the  centre  placed  ten  feet  apart,  and  at  in- 
tei'vals  of  twenty  feet.  Tt  will  be  noted  that  the 
buildings  being  sixty  feet  wide,  a  clear  aisle  ten 
feet  wide  is  allowed  for  trucking  and  handling 
goods,  leaving  twenty-five  feet  of  clear  working 
space  on  either  side  of  this  centre  aisle  or  pass- 
ageway. All  the  foundations  and  steel  struc- 
ture work  was  designed  for  future  extensions 
in  the  height  of  the  plant,  and  the  roof  of  felt 
and  gravel  can  be  readily  removed.  The  stairs, 
elevators,  lavatories  and  bathrooms  are  in  out- 
side towers,  which  also  i)rovide  fireproof  exits 
protected  by  automatic  tire  doors,  the  daily  use 
in  entering  and  leaving  by  the  employees 
familiarizing  them  with  same  in  case  of  need. 
.  The  basement  of  the  main  building  is  divided 
into  many  rooms,  all  fitted  for  their  industrial 
uses.  In  the  main  room  at  the  employees'  en- 
trance locker  and  wash  rooms  are  located,  each 
employee  having  a  sejiarate  steel  locker,  and 
])rovided  with  soap  and  clean  towels  daily.  At 
the  south  end  of  this  room  large  shower  baths 
are  placed,  and  at  the  north  end  a  dining-room 


ItKAi;    VIKW.    NATKI.VAI,   CASH    ItKllISTER    FAPTOKV. 


PAGE    .t    WAltRlXOTON,   ARCHITRCTS,   TORONTO. 


CONSTRUCTION 


119 


ripl  piQ-l  .[01  j  tiW 

,... .b-H 

CAST- ROLCB  HOUSE  r.LEJOTOm -VltST 


□ 


f-'J  -? 


-1- 


3: 


n  oi  ■ 


]TlJOLi^_«=^:. 


-Ui- 


DOB-TK  tiousr  :!«xrrH  rxcvmoft 


rACTOCY  roe  iic  n,CR.co, 

CMa5TIC  STBECT 
TODOrlTD 


-i. 


HHi  ly  i^^  I ...-'' ^fc 


DcuLCC  House  nc»rm  Ej-n«ncn 

3; 
-rt- 


yd  ''Nnpl  ppbj  j^jgjs^a  jalnlDl  jgEjn]  |a|n|a|  [□Piq  piniaf  [^?  J  g] 


"ll"^ 


ir-*!  -flU 


rticTii  n_n«non 


JL,^^Ur  }^--4L^4  L-rr 


ELEVATIONS    AND    SECTIONS,    NATIONAL   CASH    REGISTER    FACTORY,   TORONTO. 


® 


.WCMfTT'-TS 


and  well-equipped  kitchen  are  located  for  tlie 
use  of  the  employees.  An  employees'  recrea- 
tion ix)om  is  provided,  equipped  with  gymnasium 
apparatus,  which  is  readily  removed  when  the 
space  is  required  for  general  jiurposes.  At  the 
south  end  of  the  basement,  with  direct  stairway 
to  the  offices,  is  located  the  officers'  and  office 
staff  dining-  hall  and  assemblj'  room.  Here 
at  lunch  the  executive  force  of  the  company 
meet  to  partake  of  the  good  things  provided 
by  the  efficient  culinary  department,  and  to  in- 
dulge in  impromptu  discussion,  while  once  a 
month  a  general  meeting  is  held  in  the  assembly 
hall  by  the  staff  and  representatives.    A  plat- 


form is  at  one  end  in  front  of  a  wall  blackboard 
used  for  illustrated  lectures. 

On  the  ground  floor  entry  is  made  from  the 
main  entrance  into  a  large  and  roomy  reception 
hall,  furnished  with  chairs,  tables,  etc.,  with 
papers  and  magazines  for  the  use  of  those 
waiting  for  interviews.  A  telephone  operator 
in  this  room  receives  and  answers  all  enquiries. 
A  display  of  the  various  types  of  cash  registers 
is  contained  here  also.  On  the  left  of  the  en- 
trance in  the  southeast  corner  the  office  of  the 
manager  and  his  assistants  are  located,  separ- 
ated by  a  corridor  from  the  general  office,  which 
in  common  with  all  parts  of  the  building  is 


MOILDI.Sc;    UOOM,    SUDWINi;    STliKL    CONSTIU  ITION.    NATIONAL  CASH    REGISTER   FACTORY,   TORONTO. 


120 


CONSTRUCTION 


VIKW     SHOWING    VENTIt-ATOIlS, 

flooded  witli  lij^lit  from  tlie  windows,  wliich  are 
sixteen  and  one-half  feet  in  liois'iit  by  ten  feet 
wide,  o('('ui)ying  four-fifths  of  the  total  wall 
space.  The  furnishings  and  interior  woodwork 
of  the  entrance  hall  and  offices  are  of  quarter- 
cut  oak,  fumed  finish,  and  the  ceilin<>:  is  of  orna- 
mental plaster.  Specially  desif>-ned  electric 
fixtures  in  bronze  with  inverted  shades  are  in 
harmony  with  the  interior.  On  the  ri<>lit  of  tlie 
main  entry  is  located  the  stock  room,  containins? 
rows  of  steel  shelves  and  partitions  divided  into 
sections  for  tlie  many  parts  of  the  different  ma- 
chines produced  by  the  companj'.  in  the  south 
wing  of  the  factory,  back  of  the  general  office, 
is  placed  the  shij)piug  room,  and  in  the  next 
section  is  tlie  plating  and  polishing  department, 
the  floor  of  which  is  raised  wooden  slats  over 
concrete  to  i)rotect  the  feet  from  the  water  and 
acids  used.  The  next  section  includes  the  ma- 
chine shop,  and  back  of  same  and  connected  by 
an  enclosed  i)assageway,  is  the  foundry,  which 
is  a  separate  building  of  brick,  steel  and  glass 
construction,  ecpiipped  with  the  most  modern 
foundry    and    moulding    apparatus.      In    this 


NATIDNAl.   C4SH    HBOlKTKri   KACTOllV. 


building  the  heating  coils  are  placed  overhead 
and  out  of  the  way. 

On  the  first  floor  of  the  main  building  is  the 
assenil)ling  and  testing  rooms,  where  all  the  ma- 
chines turned  out  are  operated  by  power  to  in- 
sure smooth  working  and  to  guard  against  any 
])ossible  defects.  In  the  southeast  corner  the 
experimental  department  is  placed,  adjoining 
which  is  the  pi'inting  olhce,  where  inside  publica- 
tions are  produced. 

— •  »  • 

Ju  order  to  encourage  the  use  of  Canadian 
hardwoods  for  interior  decoration.  Lord  Shau- 
glmessy  has  issued  instructions  to  use  notliing 
but  Canadian  forest  products  in  the  sleeping, 
parlor,  dining  and  observation  cars,  and  in  the 
offices  and  hotel  buildings  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway  Company.  This  decision  was 
made  after  careful  consideration  and  experi- 
ment. Lord  ShaugJmessy  had  samples  of  all 
Canadian  hardwoods  treated  at  the  Angus 
shops  liere,  where  selected  speciments  were 
tested  with  polishes,  stains,  etc.,  and  the  results 
showed  that  the  Canadian  woods  compared 
satisfactorily  with  imported  varieties. 


INDIVIIHAT       HASINS     AXll      METAI.     I.OCKERS.      XATlONAt.    fASIl        REdlSTER    FACTOnT. 


PAGE    *    WARRINOTOX,   ARCHITECTS,    TORONTO. 


One  of  Montreal's  Most  Modern  Factories 

Its  Equipment  is  Complete  in  Every  Detail 


TlIK  now  wire  and  cable  factory  of  tlic 
Nortlieiii  Electric  ("ouipaiiy,  l/imited, 
occupies  an  area  of  one  hundred  and  seventy- 
eight  thousand  sciuare  feet  (over  four  acres), 
bounded  by  St.  Patrick,  Shearer  and  Hicliard- 
son  streets,  in  the  city  of  Montreal.  The  old 
l)laut,  located  at  the  corner  of  Guy  and  St. 
James  street  being  inadequate,  necessiUited  the 
erection  of  an  enormous  new  structure  which 
is  the  laigest  single  plant  in  America  for  the 
exclusive  manufacture  of  wires  and  cables.  The 
foundation  for  walls  and  columns  are  composed 
of  plain  and  reinforced  concrete.  In  the  main 
building  some  of  the  one  storey  i)ortions  the 
columns  rest  on  concrete  piles,  of  which  over 
four  thousand  luive  been  driven  with  an  aver- 
age length  of  twelve  feet.  On  each  group  of  piles 
rests  a  reinforced  concrete  cap  on  which  bases 
for  the  buikling  columns  are  placed. 

Six  thousand  five  hundred  tons  of  structural 
steel  were  reipiired  for  the  superstructure. 
Bethlehem  J I  columns,  girders  and  beams  were 
used  almost  exclusively  throughout. 

The  most  modern  fireproof  construction  has 
been  used  tiiroughout  the  entire  building,  all 
interior  columns  being  incased  in  four  and 
three-eighths  inches  of  hollow  terra  cotta  and 
beams  in  two  and  three-eighths  inches.  The 
floors  are  composed  of  hollow  terra  cotta  seg- 


mental arches  with  a  span  of  six  feet  eight 
.nches  and  are  suitable  tor  a  live  load  of  two 
hundred  and  eighty-eight  lbs.  on  the  second 
to  seventh  floors  and  one  hundred  and 
fifty  lbs.  on  the  eigth  floor.  A  stone  con- 
crete fill  is  poured  over  the  arches,  in  which 
wooden  sleepers  are  embedded,  and  the  under- 
flooring  is  nailed  to  these  sleepers,  and  over 
this,  'the  final  umi)le  flooring  is  laid  at  right 
angles.  The  National  Firei)roofing  Company 
supplied  all  the  fireproofing  terra  cotta  amount- 
ing to  eleven  tons. 

The  walls  are  built  of  plastic  brick,  seven 
millions  being  used.  All  the  lintels  in  the  courts 
and  on  the  sti-eet  sides,  together  with  the  archi- 
tectural ornaments  and  copings  on  the  street 
sides  are  of  terra  cotta  tile. 

The  main  buildings,  shaped  like  the  letter 
"E"  have  two  main  courts,  which  serve  to  pro- 
vide ample  lighting  facilities  for  the  five  hund- 
dred  thousand  scjuare  feet  of  floor  space  from 
the  interior  as  well  as  the  exposed  sides  on  the 
streets.  These  courts  have  sloping  roofs  of 
book  tile  with  large  skylights.  The  G.  T.  K. 
and  C.  P.  R .  railway  tracks  run  into  one  court 
which  has  large  platfonns  for  shipping  and  re- 
ceiving purposes  Each  track  is  provided  with 
a  one  hundred  and  fifty  ton  track  scale. 

There  are  four   travelling   electric  cranes. 


W.    J.    CAliMII-llAEL,   AEICHITKCT. 


121 


122 


CO  NSTRUCTION 


Sectiom  TnBu Typical  InTtieiOR   n.ooie  R««l 

NOIiTllKHN    EI.KCTUU'   CO.   KAOTOHY,   MONTKEAI.. 


oue-fifty-ton,  oiie-twenty-toii,  one-twenty-ton 
with  five- ton  auxiliary  hoist  and  onc-ten-ton. 
Tho  fifty-ton  crano  is  used  for  handling  reels  of 
arniortnl  cable,  the  twenty-ton  for  the  lead 
covering  department,  the  twenty-ton  with  five- 
ton  auxiliary  for  the  turbine  room  and  the  ten- 
ton  for  iiupregurtting  tank  room.  Tlie  two 
twenty-ton  cranes  are  so  arranged  that  they  can 
pass  material  to  the  fifty-ton,  which  will  convey 
it  over  the  railway  ti-acks  or  vice  versa. 

Fire  walls  wi'th  automatic  steel  fire  doors  on 
both  sides,  divide  the  building  into  various  sec- 
tions. p]ach  section  has  a  fire  and  smoke  proof 
stair  tower  with  iron  stairs,  at  both  ends,  thus 
providing  anii)le  and  safe  means  of  exit  in  ease 
of  fire  on  any  floor.  All  windows  throughout 
the  building  have  steel  frames  with  wire  glass. 
Pivoted  sections  of  these  windows  can  be  open- 
ed with  operating  chains  ecpiipped  with  fusible 
links,  thus  making  them  self-closing  in  case  of 
fire.  Ninety-five  thousand  s(iuare  feet  of  steel 
sash  were  refpiired  foi'  this  factory. 
,  The  sprinkler  and  fire  hose  systems  above 
the  first  floor  level  consist  of  (),000  sprinkler 
heads  and  fire  hose  located  at  convenient  points 
in  the  building.  These  systems  are  supi)lied 
with  water  from  the  city  mains,  steamer  con- 
nections on  the  street  and  a  one  thousand  five 


hundred  gallon  Underwriter's  fire  pumj)  which 
is  connected  to  a  one  hundred  thousand  gallon 
concrete  reservoir  and  the  camd. 

Five  six  thousand  and  one  fifteen  thousand 
pound  freight  elevator  with  a  travel  of  one  hun- 
dred feet  and  twenty-five  ))er  minute  respec 
tively  are  used  to  handle  the  transfer  of  material 
for  manufacturing,  and  two  high-speed  passen- 
ger elevators  travelling  at  three  hundred  and 
fifty  feet  per  minute  are  used  to  serve  the  gen- 
eral offices  of  the  company,  which  are  situated 
on  the  eighth  floor  of  the  building.  This  floor 
has  no  colunms,  the  roof  being  supportetl  by 
steel  trusses  with  large  skyilights.  The  absence 
of  columns  affords  splendid  facilities  for  the 
laying  out  of  offices  to  suit  the  requirements. 

A  unique  i)oint  in  the  design  of  the  building 
is  the  storage  space  secured  on  the  roof  of  one 
section  by  means  of  paving  bricks.  The  roof  is 
served  by  means  of  one  of  the  six  thousand 
l)ound  freight  elevators. 

Large  intake  pipes  from  the  canal  supply 
the  reservoir,  and  the  water  used  for  condens- 
ing purposes.  An  automobile  garage  and  a 
waggon  court  with  platforms  facing  St.  Patrick 
street  are  so  airanged  that  the  material  can  be 
readily  loaded  for  city  delivery  without  having 
to  cross  the  raih-oad  tracks. 


SniE    EI.KVATKIX.    NdRTHERN-    ELECTRIC    CO.    FACTDRY.    MONTREAL 


W.    J.    CARMICHABL,   ARCHITECT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


123 


The  building  is  heated  by  a  forced  circula- 
tion hot  water  heating  .system.  Exhaust  steam 
from  one  of  the  main  turbines  pass  through 
closed  heatei-s.  The  water  is  circulated  by  means 
of  a  four  thousand  gallon  single  stage  volute 
l)ump  directly  connected  to  steam  turbine.  Tlie 
vapors  and  condensate  from  the  exhaust  steam 
is  carried  from  the  heaters  by  means  of  an 
air  pump  witli  tail  pump.  This  makes  a 
very  flexible  system  to  .suit  tlie  changes  in  the 
outside  temperature,  as  the  vacuum  can  be  in- 
creased in  warm  weather,  thereby  creating  a 
lower  temperature  of  tlie  exhaust  steam  and  de- 


being  large  enough  to  take  care  of  the  whole 
system.  Two  steam  driven  air  compressors, 
which  liave  a  combined  capacity  of  twelve  hun- 
dred cubic  feet  per  minute  are  used. 

The  power  plant  is  of  the  most  modem  de- 
sign. Coal  can  be  stored  in  large  quantities  and 
will  be  transferred  to  the  storage  bins  over  the 
front  of  tlie  boilers  by  means  of  a  Telpher  car 
and  clam  sheel  bucket.  Ash  handling  e(iuipment 
takes  the  ashes  direct  from  ash  chutes  under  the 
boilers  and  delivers  them  into  ash  storage  bins 
which  in  turn  deliver  them  into  railroad  cars  or 
carts  for  disposal.      Ashes  can  also  be  handled 


Richmond  ot. 


Ii 

z 

8 

Q 

0: 

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0 

5 


PlROT    rijOOR    Rl_A/M 


XOKTHER.N"   ELECTIilC   CO.    KACTOHY,    MONTREAL. 


W.    J.    CARMICHAEI,,    ARCHITECT. 


ci'easing  the  amount  of  steam  recjuired  by  the 
turbine  as  the  vacuum  increases.  Tn  extreme 
cold  weatlier  the  turbine  can  exhaust  into  the 
heater  at  atmospheric  pressure  and  thus  in- 
crease the  <piantity  and  temperature  of  the 
steam.  When  running  two  turbo-generator 
units  in  parallel,  one  turbine  can  run  condens- 
ing, while  the  other  exhausts  into  the  heating 
sy.stem  and  its  load  can  be  varied  to  suit  the 
amonnt  of  steam  re(|nired  for  heatinsi;  i)urp()ses. 
The  y»ower  plant  e<|uipmeiit  for  tliis  heating 
system  is  in  duplicate,  either  one  of  the  units 


by  means  of  small  cars  on  an  industi'ial  railway 
running  in  the  basement  of  the  boiler  room.  The 
Telpher  car  will  raise  the  body  of  each  of  these 
cars  otf  the  truck,  through  a  hatchway  in  the 
main  boiler  room  floor,  and  will  carry  them  over 
to  the  ash  storage  bin,  this  method  of  ash 
handling  only  being  used  when  it  is  necessary  to 
overhaul  and  repair  the  regular  ash  handling 
e(|ui|)ment. 

A  two  hundred  and  twenty-five  foot  chimney 
serves  four  B.  &  ^^'.  boilers  nominally  rated  at 
six  hundred  and  fifty  horse  power,  but  which 


124 


CONSTRUCTION 


\*1I11:.n:V, 


CONSTRUCTION 


125 


will  be  foix'otl  to  delivor  one  thousand  horse 
l)o\ver  when  necessary.  Tliese  boilers  are  fitted 
witli  B.  &  W.  cliain  grate  stol^ers  and  super- 
lieaters.  The  exliaust  steam  and  condensate 
from  the  heaters,  turbines,  condensers  and 
steam  driven  auxiliaries  is  brouglit  to  a  feed 
water  heater,  wliicli  is  cabable  of  raising  one 
hundred  and  seven  thousand  pounds  of  water 
])er  liour  to  two  hundred  and  ten  degrees.  From 
this  heater,  the  water  is  returned  to  the  boilers 
by  means  of  two  boiler  feed  pum])s,  eacli  witli  a 
capacity  of  six  thousand  Imperial  gallons  per 
hour.  TForizontal  turbines  form  the  motive 
power  for  the  generators  and  are  ])laced  cm 
structural  steel  stands  directly  over  the  centri- 
fair  condensers,  thus  insuring  a  high  vacuum. 
The  condensers  are  located  over  two-thirty-two 
inch  pipes  leading  to  the  canal.  From  one  of 
these  pipes,  the  water  is  drawn  by  a  turbo 
volute  turbine  driven  ])ump,  and  after  having 
passed  through  the  condenser  is  discharged  into 
the  other  pipe.  Tunnels  leading  from  the  tur 
bine  and  ])um])  room  are  used  to  run  the  power 
and  lighting  circuits,  the  How  and  return  pipes 
of  the  forced  hot  water  heating  system,  the 
house  service  water  lines  and  the  high  ]iressnre 
steam  lines  for  manufactuiiug  i)uri)oses. 

The  turbine  i-oom  has  been  laid  out  for  two- 
two  thousand  K.K.,  two-one  thousand-  K.W. 
turbo-generators,  two-four  hundred  and  fifty 
K.W.  rotary  converters  and  two-seventy-five 
K.W.  turbo-di'iven  exciters.  The  generators 
are  three  phase  sixty  cycles,  four  hundred  and 
forty  volt  star  wound  with  neutral  connection 
brought  out  to  the  switchboard.  The  exciters 
are  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  volts  and 
generator  voltage  is  controlled  by  a  regulator. 

Air  for  the  ventilation  of  the  generators  is 
taken  from  a  duct  in  the  foundations  of  the 
generators  and  forced  through  the  windings  and 
;''r  passages  by  fans  integral  with  rotors. 
S>"reens  are  provided  in  the  pent  house,  of  this 
duct  to  exclude  dust,  etc. 

The  horse  power  of  connected  load  is  aj)- 
I'roximately  five  hundred  and  fifty  H.P.  direct 
current  at  one  hundred  and  fifteen  volts  and 
four  thousand  H.P.,  alternating  current  at  four 
hundred  and  foi-ty  volts.  For  the  sup])ly  of  the 
former,  two-four  hundred  and  sixty  K.V.A. 
rotary  converters,  with  necessary  transformers 
and  starting  switches,  are  installed,  the  neutral 
being  brouuht  out  from  each  transformer  bank 
for  the  neutral  of  a  one  hundred  and  fifteen- 
two  hundred  and  thirty  volt  three  wire  direct 
current  system. 

Tlie  switchboard  foi-  the  control  and  dis- 
tnbution  of  this  power  consists  of  a  main  board 
of  twenty-five  blue  Vermant  marble  panels  on 
the  tiixbine  room  floor.  On  this  board  is  mount- 
ed the  meters  for  measurements  of  outputs  of 


generators  and  loads  on  the  feeders,  also  the 
direct  current  bus-bars  both  for  excitere  and 
direct  current  factory  load,  and  control  equip- 
ment for  twenty-five  solenoid  operated  feeder 
switches  for  alternating  current  distribution. 
These  switches  will  be  mounted  on  slate  panels 
on  a  mazzanine  floor  under  the  turbine  room 
floor.  The  alternating  current  four  hundred 
and  forty  volt  bus-bars  and  generator  switches 
are  also  located  here. 

Generator  switches  are  non-automatic  with 
bell  ringing  attachment  mid  feeder  switches 
automatic,  as  mentioned  liibove.  All  feeders 
leave  the  turbine  nxmi  in  a  tunnel  from  which 
they  branch  off  to  the  various  buildings  in  three 
inch  fibre  conduits.  These  fibre  conduits  lead 
to  cable  pits  froui  which  risers  of  three  inch 
conduits  are  carried  to  distributing  panels.  All 
altennating  current  cables  are  three  conductor 
paper  insulated,  leaded;  direct  current  cables 
being  single  conductor  leaded.  For  lighting  fac- 
tory area,  four  light  clusters,  wired  series 
l)arallel,  are  used.  As  mentioned  above,  the 
neutral  iK)int  of  generator  windings  are  brought 
out.  Tlie  lead  sheath  of  the  lighting  feeder 
cables  are  bonded  to  the  neutral  bus  and  light- 
ing circuits  connect  one  wire  to  one  of  the  three 
eonructors,  the  other  to  the  sheath  giving  ap- 
])roximately  two  hundred  and  sixty-six  volts 
across  two  lamps  in  series.  Lighting  feed 
cables  to  distributing  boxes  on  the  third  floor  of 
each  section  from  which  circuits  run  to  the 
panel  boxes  on  he  third  and  fifth  floors. 

All  wiring  except  that  in  the  general  offices 
is  open  conduit.  The  general  offices  have  out- 
lets foi'  fans,  dictographs,  annunciators  and 
telephones,  all  wiring  concealed  in  conduit. 

An  artesian  well  was  drilled  and  is  used  for 
drinking  water  and  for  hanufacturing  pur- 
poses. 

In  addition  to  the  fire  ))rotection  system,  a 
regular  wiitchman's  service  is  installed  so  that 
the  building  is  i)atr()lled  at  all  times  outside  of 
the  regular  working  hours. 

For  the  convenience  of  watchmen  and  to 
avoid  the  use  of  oil  lanterns  in  the  ])lant,  a  cer- 
tain number  of  electric  lights  are  kept  burning 
all  night  to  form  a  i)ilot  system  so  that  in  cases 
of  emergen"y  the  workmen  in  the  building  can 
easily  locate  the  fire  api)aratus  and  also  the 
exits. 

The  following  features  in  connection  with 
the  building  are  of  interest:  — 

The  total  excavation  amou')ted  to  some 
fifty  thousand  cubic  yards.  Over  fourteen  thou- 
sand cubic  yards  of  concrete  have  been  used  for 
foundations.  One  hundred  thousand  square 
feet  of  a-Iaz.ir'ij'  glass  has  been  used  and  approxi- 
mately one  hmdred  thousand  square  feet  hot 
water  r;',diati:in  service  were  re<iuired  to  be  in- 
stalled. 


A  Reinforced  Concrete  Warehouse 

Illustrates  The  Latest  Tendency  in  Warehouse  Construction 


AVKltV  nuxU'iii  and  attractive  warehouse 
building  lias  recently  been  erected  on  John 
street,  Toronto,  by  D.  ().  Itobliii.  This  l)uild'iiifj: 
is  one  hundred  and  ten  feet  m  lenf?tli  by  forty 
feet  in  width,  four  storeys  and  basement,  and  is 
of  brick  nm]  reinforced  concrete  throughout, 
which  make  it  absolutely  fireproof.  The  front  is 
of  tapestry  brick,  and  the  side  walls  and  rear  of 
Don  buff  brick.  The  ceilings  are  of  very  artistic 
desi<>,'n,  beinj''  of  corrug-ated  concrete. 

Tlie  madn  floor  contains  the  offices  and  a  larj^'e 
shipi)infi:  room.  The  office  furniture  is  entirely 
of  oak.  The  lig-hting  is  of  the  indirect  system, 
the  shades  of  a  speci^al  corrugated  desiign  to 
mat<?h  the  ceiling.  The  remaining  floors  may  be 
used  as  general  stock  i-ooms  if  necesisary. 

The  entire  basement,  with  the  exception  of  a 
small  portion  bricked  off  for  the  heating  plant, 
is  devoted  to  a  bonding  room  —  all  goods  being 
shipped  in  original  cases. 

The  warehouse  carries  the  lowest  rate  of  in- 
suraiu'e,  in  view  of  the  fii-eju-oof  construction 
and  the  modern  fire-fighting  apparatus  installed. 
Although  the  underwriters  did  not  consider  an 
automatic  sprinkler  sjistem  necessary  there  is  a 


KIREPROOK  CONSTRUCTION    KKATl  1!1>.S  OK  1).   ().  KOBMN    WAREHOI'.SE. 

higli  pressure  ])ipe  running  from  basement  to 
roof,  which  is  cai)able  of  flooding  the  roof  in  a 
very  short  time  in  case  of  fire  in  the  vicinity. 
All  the  doors  are  of  fireproof  type,  as  recom- 
mended by  the  underwriters,  and  in  case  of  fire 
are  automatically  closed  by  a  novel  contrivance 
located  in  the  front  hall  just  above  the  door 
leading  into  the  offices. 

Mudi  care  was  taken  with  the  view  to  making 
this  building  as  convenient  as  possible.  Just  in- 
side the  entrance  is  a  winding  steel  staircase 
leading  to  all  floors,  and  ample  space  has  been 
left  for  the  installation  of  an  elevator  should  it 
ever  be  decided  necessary.  At  the  rear  there 
are  two  electric  elevators.  P^ur  large  shipping 
lane  at  the  side  of  the  warehouse. 


KNTKIlUll;    CIF    I).    O.    ICCim-IN     \VAI!EHOU.SE 
KI>KX     SMITH     &     S(tX.    AltCHITECTS. 


WASTE   IN   FOREST   PROTECTION 

Because  of  lack  of  field  supervision,  more 
money  is  wasted  in  fire  protection  to-day  than 
is  used  economically.  Fire  wardens  are  nearly 
all  temporaiy  men,  and  if  one  does  not  give 
them  supervision  and  training,  and  does  not  try 
to  keep  the  good  men  from  year  to  year,  one 
cannot  get  the  results  desired.  Tn  the  first  fire 
l)rotection  services  of  Canada,  far  more  war- 
dens were  wasting  money  than  wei-e  making 
good  use  of  it.  Unless  we  have  good  permanent 
supervision  of  fii"e  protection  and  have  the  same 
men  as  ))ennaneiit  rangers  year  after  year  we 
\vill  not  get  the  good  results  because  we  have 
large  areas  to  protect  with  very  small  sums  of 
monev.— McMillan. 


126 


CONS  T  RUCTION 


127 


ARTISTIC      INTERIOR      SHOWROOM      FIXTURES 


1J8 


CONSTRUCTION 


A-  JOURNAL-  FOR- THE    ARCHrTECTURAL 

ENGINEERJNC    AND   OONTRACTING 

INTERESTS  •  OF    CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER,  LIMITED.  PUBLISHERS 

WESTON  WRIGLEY.  GENERAL  MANAGER 
Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard  Streets 
Toronto  -  -  Canada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 
MONTREAL— 171  St.  Jamaj  Street 

W.  J.  Cameron,  Representative 

NEW   YORK— 10  East  43rd  Street 

A.  R.  Lowt.  Representative 


CORRESPONDENCE. — All  correspondence  should  be  addressed 
to  "CONSTRUCTION,"  Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard 
Streeits.   Toronto,  Canada. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS Canada  and  Great  Britain.  $3.00  per  annum. 

United  States,  the  Continent  and  all  Postal  Union  countries, 
$4.00  per  annum.   In  advance.     Single  copies.   3Bc. 

ADVERTISEMENTS. — ChanRPs  of.  or  n«w  advertisements  must 
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Canada. 


FRASER  S.  KEITH 


EDITOR  AND  MANAGER 


Vol.  IX        Toronto,  April,  1916        No.  4 

ARCHITECTURAL      DIGEST 


THE    FENESTRATION    OF    FACTORY    BUILDINGS. 

There  is  no  type  of  l)uil(iiiig  in  which  windows  play  such  an 
important  part  as  in  factories — both  in  matter  of  practical 
usage,  and  in  regards  to  design.  For  a  factory  building,  to  be 
successful,  must,  first  of  ail.  be  abundantly  lighted.  This  is  an 
arbitrary  fact  that  dominates  all  other  i-equirements  and.  also, 
that  has  given  to  buildings  of  this  kind  a  decidedly  individual 
character, — a  character,  of  which,  I  fear,  in  times  past  we  have 
not  been  inclined  or  justified  to  feel  proud.  1  refer  here,  princi- 
pally, to  the  well  known  style  of  factory  building  prevalent  be- 
fore the  introduction  of  steel  skeleton  and  reinforced  concrete 
construction. 

It  has  been  one  of  the  faults  of  our  people,  in  times  past, 
to  devote  little  or  no  thought,  much  less  money,  to  the  aesthetic 
tiualities.  or  development,  of  factor,\*  building  design.  Such 
structures  have  been  considered  from  a  purely  utilitarian  point 
o(  view,  built  for  tlie  most  part,  I  believe,  without  the  advice 
or  guiding  hand  of  an  architect.  And.  as  they  were  built  for 
purel>'  business  reasons,  cheapness  of  construction  made  an 
appeal  to  the  owner  that  could  not  be  denied.  Being  of  the 
simplest  construction,  their  creation  could  easily  be  entrusted 
to  anyone  with  a  superficial  kno\vledge  of  the  building  trade. 
.\s  for  the  appearance  of  the  building,  no  thouglit  was  "wasted" 
on  that.  Beauty  of  design,  that  exists  in  relation  to  all  other 
kinds  of  buildings,  here  found  no  i>art  in  the  problem.  .-\  fac- 
tory was  only  ,i  factory,  after  all:  in  other  w'ords,  a  necessar.v 
evil,  stuck  off  in  .some  undesirable  si)ot  of  a  community  that 
neither  cared  or  dared  to  protest  at  the  unsightly  and  un- 
sanitary conditions  that  rendered  such  a  portion  of  it  an  eye- 
sore and  a  disgi'ace.  Such  was  the  condition  of  affairs  in  the 
not  lo»g  since  ])ast.  more  or  less  conteniTioraneous  and  a 
counterpart  of  the  mid-\'ictorian  period — a  period  now  appre- 
<'iated  as  infamous  for  its  bad  taste  and  misdirected  energies 
in   matters  of  art. 

It  is  gratifying  tliat  such  a  condition  has  p.assed  and  is  pass- 
ing: that,  in  a  sense,  we  have  come  ujion  a  renaissance:  that 
business  minds,  «jf  the  higher  intelligence,  have  perceived  that 
it  is  to  the  iH-nelit  of  their  interests  that  theii"  workshops  and 
factories  no  longer  be  the  disgraces  as  was  fornierl>-  the  case: 
that  tlie\'  be  not  only  clean,  iterfectly  lighted  and  ventilated. 
;>nd    trnl\-    be.'iltlu-    spf>ts.    where    luiman    beings    can    with    self- 


leHpect  carry  on  their  lubom.  but  that  these  buildings  should 
not  be  unplcaKant  to  look  nt,  as  well;  that  a  sightly  appear- 
ance Ik  a  good  liuHluess  investment,  which  can  be  had  aa  easily 
as  not,  unci  hence  Is  In  no  Hense  an  economic  waste.  It  Is  good 
for  our  civilization  that  great  industrial  workers  are  realizing 
this.  Wlicther  it  is  the  result  of  their  own  altruistic  desires  or 
whither  it  is  their  keen  competition  with  their  rivals,  is  Ix'side 
the  point.  It  t>robal>ly  could  be  shown  to  be  lioth.  In  any  case. 
the  weU'oine  stimuiuH  is  present,  and  is  growing  rapidly,  and 
in  various  spheres  of  our  industrial  Hctivlties.  This  improved 
spirit  In  regards  to  factory  buildings  may.  In  a  sense,  be  com- 
pared to  that  of  a  recently  widely-read  advertisement  of  a  cer- 
tain toilet  preparation,  in  which  the  manufacturers  state  that, 
as  it  was  imposHlble  to  improve  the  product  itself,  they  had 
improved  the  box  which  contained  It.  Kikewlse.  the  factory 
liuiidinK  may  be  UK>ked  on  as  the  container  of  the  product 
manufactured  within  its  walls,  and  the  quality  and  appearance 
of  tile  building  taken  as  an  indication  of  the  excellence  of  that 
product.  To  have  an  attractive  building  is  to  be  well  adver- 
tised. 

This  idea  has  progressed  even  farther  than  the  factory  Itself, 
as  is  shown  by  the  interest  now  being  taken  by  employers  in 
providing  improved  living  accommodations  for  their  men  and 
their  families.  F'ollowing  the  successful  experiments  that  have 
been  made  in  tiermany  and  Kngland,  new  model  village  com- 
munities arc  appearing  occasionally  throughout  the  country,  as 
companion  to  the  improved  factory.  Both  are  bound  to  exert 
an  untold  benefit  and  aid  in  tlie  uplift  of  what  it  has  been  the 
custom  to  refer  to  as  the  "submerged  tenth"  of  our  population, 
and  the  time  Is  at  hand  when  these  workers  can  rightfully  take 
their  respectful   places  in   our  industrial  and  social   life. 

.\nother  benefit  brought  about  by  this  change  of  attitude  of 
our  great  manufacturers  is  one  that  is  especially  pertinent  to 
our  profession.  To  obtain  these  results,  embodied  in  improved, 
more  efllcient  and  attractive  building,  that  may  serve  as  a 
business  advertisement,  it  has  been  found  advisable  and  neces- 
sary to  entrust  their  creation  into  the  hands  of  a  trained 
8|>eciall8t,  namely,  an  architect.  The  builder  who  makes  his 
own  plans  will  no  longer  serve  the  purpose.  This  is  a  strong 
indication  that  the  layman  has  taken  a  big  step  towards  the 
just  recognizatlon  of  the  architects'  uses  and  talents. 

All  buildings  are  primarily  utilitarian.  That  is  their  raison 
d'etre.  They  are  built  not  only  for  a  purpose,  but  for  a  dis- 
tinct purpose,  and  the  better  they  fulfill  the  requirements  of 
that  purpose,  the  more  successful  buildings  they  will  be.  Al- 
though faclor.v  building  may  l>e  of  man.v  and  multifarious  uses, 
the  most  lmi>ortant  general  requirements  common  to  all  are: 
unobstructed  Moor  space,  as  far  as  this  is  possible,  and  maxi- 
mum light  with  ample  ventilation.  The  one  is  as  obvious  as 
the  other. 

Because  of  these  paramount  requirements,  work-shops,  as 
tliey  existed  in  ages  past  and  before  they  assumed  the  gigantic 
projtortions  so  common  to-da.v,  remained  out  of  doors,  pro- 
tected from  the  weather.  If  at  all,  by  merely  a  sheltering  hood. 
That  was  before  the  introduction  of  sheet  glass  and  windows. 
After  these  were  inaugurated  and  became  cheap  enough,  glass 
being  at  first  very  iirohibtive  in  price,  the.v  were  used  for  work- 
shops, as  well  as  for  residences:  and  the  factory  building,  with 
its  numerous  faults  as  described  briefly  above,  was  the  result. 
Of  cour.se.  in  these  buildings  as  many  windows  as  possible  were 
crowded  Into  each  wall.  As  the  size  of  the  window  was  limited 
because  of  its  wood  construction,  and  the  walls  of  the  building 
being  simple  masonry,  which  required  a  certain  area  to  afford 
sufficient  .supporting  strength,  the  facades  produced  a  repetition 
of  voids  and  solids  of  about  equal  widths, — at  once  uninteresting 
and  extremely  monotonous.  No  attempt,  as  I  have  said,  was 
made   to  have   them   otherwise. 

The  appearance  of  steel  and  reinforced  concrete  construction 
has  completely  changed  this  state  of  things,  as  indeed  it  must. 
For  the  construction  of  a  building,  sooner  or  later,  is  bound  to 
dominate  the  design.  In  most  types  of  buildings,  this  revolution 
in  construction,  brought  about  by  the  steel  column  and  I-beam. 
has  proven  a  ditflcult  one  to  adjust  in  regard  to  design,  as.  for 
instance,  our  modern  "sky-scraperl"  Here  the  architect  has 
found  him.self  in  a  good  deal  of  a  muddle,  because,  having 
educated  himself  to  know  thoroughly  the  forms  of  architecture 
of  the  great  past,  that  knowledge  and  those  forms  are  his 
foundation  on  which  he  expects  to  build  his  own  achievements. 
The  loss,  over  night,  as  it  might  be  said,  of  the  whole  system 
of  construction  as  he  had  learned  it,  and  an  entirely  new  and 
fundamentally  different  one  substituted  for  it.  has  not  unreason- 
ably i>roduced  a  more  or  less  chaotic  st.ate  in  the  design  of 
"skyscraper"  buildings. 

But  with  factory  buildings,  this  has  by  no  means  been  the 
case.  In  the  first  place,  the  ideal  factory  is  located  in  open, 
unsettled  country,  or  outskirts  of  some  city  where  land  is  cheap, 
and  air  and  sunlight  plentiful.  Therefore,  unlike  the  "sky- 
scrapei',"  which  must  economize  space,  they  are  usuall.v  not 
more  than  four  stories  in  height.  This  affords  the  long,  low 
horizontal  lines  in  the  design  that  we  have  always  been  ac- 
customed to  in  old  work,  and  hence  we  are  more  able  to  handle 
and  appreciate. 

The  second  reason  wherein  they  differ  from  other  kinds  of 
buildings  is  that  they  have  no  past.  There  are  no  precedents 
for  buildings  of  their  reciuirements,  to  be  dug  from  the  remote 
past,  and  their  immediate  past  is  only  worthy  of  being  for- 
gotten. Therefore,  their  design  can  be  undertaken  with  a  clean 
conscience  and  a  "carte  blanche."  One's  training  need  not  here 
work  a  hardship  or  be  a  stumbling  block.  Taste  alone  must 
be  the  guide  and  the  criterion. 

.\  glance  at  the  factory  buildings  of  this  new  tyne.  that  have 
rapidly  grown  uj)  around  us.  is  convincing  proof  that  their  de- 
signers have  been  quick  to  nnpreciate  the  advantages  offered 
by  this  new  form  of  construction,  which  by  principle,  it  seems. 
is  ideall.v  suited  to  factor.v  requirements.  Because  of  the  su- 
peiior  strength  of  steel  columns  over  masonr.v.  the  supporting 
niers  ma.v  be  smaller  in  volume  and  wall  surface,  both  of  which 
facts  tend  to  enlarge  the  space  available  for  the  all-important 
liirht.  .Also  the  less  frequent  occurrence  and  reduction  in  size 
of  Interior  column,  and  the  reduction  in  the  number  required, 
affords  an   increased  percentage  of  unobstructed  floor  stiace. 

The  development  of  the  steel  and  concrete  factory  as  we 
know  it  to-day  in  its  high  standard  of  excellence  attained, 
could  not  be  possib'e  except  for  the  successful  development  of 
one  of  its  most  vital  components. — namely,  steel  window  frames 
and  sash.  It  has  been  the  invention  of  these  windows  that  has 
really  been  the  turning  noint  in  factorv  design.  Steel  columns 
reduc^'d  the  wnll  arpa  tbnt  -<ffor^ied  more  open  space  in  the 
w^U  hut  tb*-  old  stvle  of  wood  «a,sh  and  frame  were  inadequate. 
Steel    frames    not    only    meet    the    new    demands    but    also    add 


CONSTRUCTION 


129 


numerous  advantages  not  possessed  by  wooden  ones.  They  aie 
strong,  sightly,  durable  and  Hre  resisting.  It  is  their  strength 
that  is  probably  the  most  remarkable.  Compared  to  wood  sash, 
they  can  be  used  in  much  larger  units,  and  form  uninterrupted 
surfaces  of  glass  area  to  almost  any  limit.  The  space  between 
supporting  piers,  no  matter  if  twentv  feet  in  width,  can  be 
spanned  as  easilv  and  as  securely  by  their  light  and  graceful 
steel  webs,  as  was  possible  formerly  with  wood  sash  for  only 
about  four  feet.  Also,  steel  sash  may  much  more  easily  be 
manipulated  and  adjusted,  whereas  wood  sash  are  awkward  and 
beset  by  many  limitations,  such  as  expansion  from  dampness, 
etc.  The  ease  and  convenience  of  action  of  steel  sash  enable 
the  worker  to  have  light  and  ventilation  always  under  control. 
It  is  probable  that  the  dirty,  cobwebbed  factory  of  the  past 
was  In  a  great  measure  due  to  inabilities  in  these  respects  of 
wood  sash. 

As  the  ideas  governing  these  steel  frames  and  windows  are 
patented,  there  is  keen  competition  in  their  manufacture,  which 
naturally  is  a  very  great  factor  in  attaining  and  sustaining 
their  high  standard  of  efficiency. 

The  slender  supporting  column  and  broad  glass  surfaces  of 
a  factory  building  are  limitations  that  must  be  unconditionally 
accepted"  bv  its  designer.  The  shell  of  the  structure,  by  neces- 
sity, contains  a  great  deal  more  glass  than  solid  substance. 
But.  while  it  Is  this  latter  which  is  usually  understood  by  the 
term  "architecture,"  its  presence  in  but  such  a  relatively  small 
degree  by  no  means  removes  this  type  of  building  out  of  the 
architect's  sphere.  These  vast  flat  surfaces  of  window  area, 
interspaced  bv  slender  bands  of  masonry  where  required  by  the 
supporting  frame  only,  are  affected  by  the  governing  laws  of 
design  as  truly  as  is  a  State  Capitol  building  or  a  public  library. 
Material  and  expense  are,  in  a  sense,  irrelevant.  The  impor- 
tant idea  is  that  the  building  l)e  suited  in  appearance  to  its 
purpose  and  be  designed  and  constructed  according  to  the  sense 
of  the  proper  fitness  of  things:  which  is  really  a  sense  of  pro- 
portion. Unless  a  building  presents  to  the  eye  the  true  char- 
acter of  its  purpose  it  is  insincere  and  cannot  attain  beauty. 
It  would  doubtless  seem  strange  to  hear  a  factory  building  re- 
ferred to  as  beautiful.  Yet,  I  cannot  see  why  this  should  not 
be  possible  if  it  has  true  character,  is  simple  and  well  propor- 
tioned as  to  form. — Jerauld  Dahler  in   ".Architecture." 


THE    EFFECT    OF    REINFORCED    CONCRETE    UPON 
ARCHITECTURAL    DESIGN. 

The  influence  of  reinforced  concrete  upon  architectural  de- 
sign can  be  traced  in  the  design  of  any  building  of  size  or  im- 
portance by  comparing  first,  its  plan  in  the  spacing  and  size  of 
the  points  of  support  of  superincumbent  loads;  and  second,  its 
elevation  in  the  setting  out  of  horizontal  and  vertical  propor- 
tions, fenestration,  projections,  ornamental  and  constructional, 
and  general  outline. 

The  use  of  steel  in  beams  and  stanchions  left  its  mark  in  the 
greater  spacing  of  the  points  of  support  in  buildings  in  which  the 
free  use  of  the  floor  area  was  a  consideration,  and  the  same 
difference  can  be  traced,  but  in  a  greater  degree,  to  the  use  of 
reinforced  concrete.  Before  the  steel  and  concrete  ages  the 
transmission  of  loads  over  voids  was  effected  by  wood  beams 
(plain  and  trussed)  and  arches  of  brick  or  stone,  but  their  use 
limited  the  distances  between  points  of  vertical  support  to  very 
small  spans  indeed,  and  these  vertical  .supports  were  com- 
paratively close  together,  of  very  large  suerficial  area,  and  took 
up  a  large  proportion  of  the  available   Moor  space. 

With  the  advent  of  steel  as  a  constructional  material  the 
areas  of  these  points  of  support  were  reduced,  and  they  were 
capable  of  being  placed  at  greater  distances  apart  owing  to  the 
further  use  of  steel  in  girders  to  carry  the  loads  over  larger 
spans. 

The  objections  to  the  use  of  steel  in  architectural  design  is 
that  it  is  almost  impossible  to  make  it  harmonize,  in  its  plain 
constructional  form,  to  aesthetic  treatment.  It  has  to  be  cased 
up  in  brick,  stone,  terra-cotta.  wood,  or  other  material.  But 
for  the  fact  that  this  covering  up  of  the  steel  excludes  it  from 
atmospheric  action,  to  which  it  is  very  susceptible,  its  use  as  a 
constructional  member  when  cased  up  would  be  a  sham  and 
without  a  place  in  true  architecture. 

The  introduction  of  reinforced  concrete,  however,  has  brought 
to  hand  a  material  which  can  be  used  in  its  original  form  with- 
out any  covering,  except  perhaps  paint  or  color  when  necessary 
for  its  decorative  treatment.  This  combination  of  steel  and 
concrete  is  sound  construction,  for  here  we  have  the  concrete, 
which  has  a  very  high  compressive  resistance  (600  lbs.  per  sq. 
in.),  offering  resistance  to  the  crushing  effect  of  the  load,  and 
the  steel,  having  a  tensional  resistance  of  16.000  lbs.  per  sq.  in., 
embedded  In  the  concrete,  to  take  the  tensional  strain  caused  by 
the  same  loading.  The  embedding  of  the  steel  in  the  concrete 
effectively  protects  it  from  atmospheric  action,  and  further,  it 
can  be  so  placed  to  advantaee  as  to  reduce  to  a  minimum  the 
riuantity  neoe.ssary  effectivelv  to  resist  the  load  to  which  the 
member  may  be  s'lhjected.  Therefore  the  cnmloyment  of  these 
two  materials,  with  opposite  relative  values,  has  resulted  in  a 
.saving  of  metal  as  compared  with  the  steel  beam  and  stanchion, 
and  also  a  saving  of  space,  because  the  necessary  covering  for 
the  steel  is  found  in  the  construction  of  the  member  itself.  The 
effect  this  has  had  upon  architectural  design  is  further  to  in- 
crease the  spans  of  openings  and  ''istances  between  points  of 
support  by  the  introduction  of  reinforced  concrete  beams,  and 
■'•ao  to  reduce  the  superfic'-il  area  of  vortical  supports  bv  the 
use  of  reinforced  concrete  pillars. 

It  is  usual  to  design  reinforccl  concrete  beams  so  that  there 
is  a  sufflcient  sectional  aren  jn  the  member  to  resist  the  crush- 
ing stress  and  to  reinforce  with  steel,  onlv  for  resistance  to 
tensional  strain;  althouerh  st»el  reinforcement  mav  be  Inserted 
into  the  compressive  side  where  sufficient  area  of  concrete  is 
not  provided.  It  Is  not.  however,  consi'lered  cood  rtesicn  to  re- 
duce the  size  of  a  member  so  as  t"  necessitate  reinforcement 
on  the  compressive  side,  except  wb^re  the  exigencies  of  the 
design  demand  that  the  size  of  any  beam  must  be  kept  within 
certain  limits. 

In  vertical  supports  the  steel  Is  in.serted  into  the  nositlon 
where  It  can  most  effectively  resist  the  co'-*mressive  load  placed 
nn^n  It.  strengthen  the  pillar  against  buckling  or  lateral  flexure, 
and  at  the  same  time  reduce  the  superficial  area  of  the  pillar  to 
a  minimum. 

The  convenient  forms  with  which  the  steel  reinforcement 
can  be  obtained,  i.e..  In  rods  or  hars,  chleflv  circular  and  of 
dlameter.o  varying  in  sixteenths  of  an  inch  from  3-16  in.  to  2 
in.,  and  the  comparative  ease  with  which  the  steel  can  be  em- 
bedded and  made  to  assume  its  proner  position  in  the  work  and 
also  the  economic  cost  at  which  the  work  ran  be  carried  ont. 
has   given    reinforced   concrete   Its   place   as   a    constructive   ma- 


terial whicli  must  be  considered  by  every  architect  in  the  de- 
sign of  buildings  where  it  can  be  employed  to  advantage. 

The  general  effect  of  reinforced  concrete  upon  elevational  de- 
sign is  to  be  seen  in  the  tendency  to  breadth  of  treatment,  due 
to  the  vertical  lines  of  support  being  less  in  number  than 
previously,  as  pointed  out  above,  and  also  to  the  widening  of 
spans  of  openings  and  an  almost  entire  elimination  of  the  arch 
as  a  constructive  feature.  The  heads  of  openings  are  now 
almost  always  flat  by  reason  of  the  use  of  reinforced  concrete 
lintels.  Previously,  where  flat-headed  openings  had  been  de- 
sired, they  were  of  limited  span,  owing  to  the  very  small  re- 
sistance of  wood  or  stone  to  benijing  or  tensional  strain.  Now 
they  can  be  made  as  wide  as  necessary  without  in  any  way  im- 
pairing the  strength  of  the  building. 

Fenestration  has  also  been  modified  by  the  same  influence. 
Larger  glass  areas  can  be  obtained  with  a  minimum  amount  of 
walling;  in  fact,  the  infilling  between  the  piers  and  beams  of  a 
modern  reinforced  concrete  building  might  be  all  glass,  should 
the  necessity  arise  for  such  a  consideration.  The  improve- 
ment in  this  direction  is  mainly  to  be  observed  in  factories, 
schools,  and  buildings  where  the  essential  feature  is  the  pro- 
vision of  ample  light;  but  even  in  purely  architectural  building 
the  influence  is  to  be  traced  in  a  greater  use  of  the  flat-headed 
opening  as  compared  with  arched  openings.  True,  some  vitality 
of  design  may  be  lost  by  its  employment,  but  with  careful  treat- 
ment the  flat- headed  opening  may  be  equally  an  aid  to  beauty 
as  the  arch,  and  will  certainly  be  an  indication  of  the  progress 
of  thought  in  material. 

It  may  be  thought,  perhaps,  that  reinforced  concrete  can 
have  little  or  no  influence  upon  the  architectural  ornament  of  a 
building,  but  Its  employment  might  greatly  add  to  the  grace  of 
our  building  by  producing  a  greater  degree  of  light  and  shade 
upon  elevational  design  by  giving  a  large  projection  to  strings, 
cornices,  etc.  The  limits  of  stone  or  other  granular  material 
when  in  projection  are  well  known,  but  ornamental  reinforced 
concrete  work  could  be  employed  to  advantage  where  other 
materials  fail.  The  Greek  temples  of  old  owe  a  great  deal  of 
their  charm  to  the  effects  of  light  and  shade  cast  by  their  pro- 
jections. The  sun,  however,  does  not  treat  all  lands  alike. 
In  southern  Italy  the  proportioned  cornice  of  the  Orders  pro- 
duced the  desired  effect  by  reason  of  the  high  altitude  of  the 
sun,  but  the  use  of  the  same  projection  in  England  has  an 
altogether  different  effect,  due  to  the  lower  angle  at  which  the 
light  from  the  sun  can  produce  shadows.  Many  of  our  monu- 
mental buildings  are  almost  shadowless  for  that  very  reason. 
The  architects  of  the  Renaissance  in  Northern  Italy  recognized 
this  fact  and  crowned  their  Palazzi  with  great  overhanging  cor- 
nices. The  Americans,  too.  have  seen  the  necessity  for  a  deep 
shadow  to  give  repose  to  their  large  scale  buildings  and  obtain 
the  same  by  the  use  of  zinc  or  iron  cornices  of  great  projec- 
tion, painted  to  imitate  the  material  in  which  tbe.v  are  work- 
ing. The  use  of  reinforce'l  concrete  in  decorative  cornices  would 
l>e  legitimate  construction  if  we  recognize  the  material  and  give 
the  member  its  true  value  in  relation  to  the  whole  design,  and 
the  deeper  shadow  cast  liy  greater  projections  on  our  building 
would    be    appreciated. 

Reinforced  concrete  has  helped  to  perpetuate  the  flat  roof  and 
its  deadly  effect  upon  the  general  outline  and  mass  of  architec- 
tural building.  The  use  of  the  stately  pitched  roof,  so  beloved 
for  its  reposeful  and  sub-conscious  effect  upon  architecture,  has 
been  usurped  b,\'  the  use  of  the  flat  roof;  not  but  that  a  flat 
roof  is  sound  construction,  and  essential  in  some  instances,  but 
it  is  not  a  natural  ]>roduct  of  the  climatic  conditions  of  this 
countrv.  The  real  reason  for  its  use  may  be  found  in  its  fire- 
resisting  (lualities;  but  an  enual  safety  may  be  obtained  by 
constructing  pitched  roofs  with  a  shell  of  reinforced  concrete, 
in  place  of  the  usual  ti»">^er  frainine.  and  covering  it  with  the 
slates  or  tiles  most  suitable  to  the  district  for  which  the  build- 
ing is  desigtied.  To  gain  tbi.s  security  from  fire  the  architects 
of  the  Middle  Ages  carried  up  the  stone  barrel  vaults  of  their 
churches  in  solid  masonry  to  the  rake  of  the  gable  ends  and 
bedded  slates  or  stone  slabs  thereon  as  a  pi'otection  from  the 
weather. 

The  a'most  nerfect  resistance  offered  by  re'nforced  concrete 
to  the  effects  of  flre  has  had  a  great  deal  to  do  with  its  more 
general  use  in  the  desiern  of  buildings.  It  is  essential  that  every 
architect  should  be  well  acquainted  with  all  the  properties  of  the 
"lany  building  materials  at  hand,  .so  that  he  mav  be  better  able 
*o  make  the  best  tise  of  same. — "Concrete  and  Constructional 
Engineering." 

GERMAN     DESIGNS. 

Our  Septoml)er  editorial  was  directed  against  the  vice  of 
lestoration,  under  any  conditions — and  especially  and  particular- 
Iv  the  adding  of  insult  to  injury  in  the  press  notices  announcing 
that  Germany  was  proposing  to  lay  profane  bauds  on  those 
architectural  memorials  of  past  ages  of  civilization,  already 
violated  by  her  barbarian  hordes,  by  presuming  to  "restore" 
Pelgiiuu's  architectural  landmarks  under  the  direction  of  an  of- 
ficial 'city  architect"  of  little  fame,  and  still  more  doubtful 
taste.  Apparently  color  is  lent  to  that  statement  By  another  re- 
cent  "atrocitv."   chronicled   in  the  following  despatch: 

"At  ft.  Quentin.  France,  in  the  presence  of  the 
Emperor,  the  French  municipal  authorities,  and  the 
principal  officers  of  the  second  army,  there  was 
dedicated  »  monument  to  German  and  French  (!) 
warriors.  The  monument,  built  by  Professor  Wand- 
schneider  after  the  Emperor's  own  design,  stands 
in  the  new  military  cemetery." 
This  astonishing  bit  of  "nress-agentr.v"  is  dated  as  emanating 
from   Uerlin  on   October  27,   101,^. 

The  overweening  ambition  of  the  Kaiser  already  has  pre- 
sumed to  rule  the  art  of  his  nation  with  a  rod  no  more  flexible 
than  that  he  now  extends  over  other  and  more  thoroughly 
aesthetical  lands.  He  has  laid  down  the  rules  on  which  the 
Royal  Opera  was  to  he  conducted:  he  has  censored  the  operas 
of 'composers,  both  present  and  nast:  he  has  approve'^  some 
dramas  and  disapproved  others;  be  is  even  supposed  himself 
to  have  written  certain  performances,  whose  nreB^^tntio"  he 
has  then  enforced.  The  architectural  "comneni.n.,"  ino  i>e<.n 
eoualy  at  his  mere.  Those  designs  accented  by  the  official 
iuHges  have  been  arbitrarily  set  aside,  and  the  execution  of  de- 
signs by  his  "court  architect."  or  preferred  favorite,  has  beon 
"commanded"  instead.  Nevertheless,  the  effrontery  of  the 
action  registered  in  this  despatch  will  leave  other  and  freer 
nations  .somewhat  aghast.  Is  it  not  one  of  those  straws  show- 
ing which  wav  the  winds  bloweth?  We  know  not  how  many 
monuments,  built  efficientlv  in  granite  and  endurin<r  cements 
have  been  placed  .is  Teutonic  milestones  in  the  war-hacked  and 
bleeding  "oils  still  belonL'ing  to  other,  and  yet  unconquered 
peoples  How  many  of  these  Kaiserentwerfen  memorials  will  be 
found  in  existence  a   few  vears  hence? — "Architectural  Review.  ' 


\M 


CONSTRUCTION 


AN    ANALYSIS    OF    NINETEENTH    CENTURY 
ARCHITECTURE. 

la  tiUuniptlnt,'  Hilg  dlscuHsion  we  have  In  view  a  Iwololii  pui- 
iKjm-:  UrBl  to  state  In  simple  leiiiis  the  (luctuallons  of  taste 
ttlilcli  a  irnlury  of  history  called  forth;  and,  secondly,  to  explain 
what  Is  partially  obscure  to  the  senerallty  of  our  readers,  name- 
ly, the  attitude  of  the  arcliitects  of  that  period  towards  the 
ttr'eal  sounrs  of  Inspiration  with  which  they  were  familiar. 

l  he  lessons  of  the  nineteenth  century  should  be  understood 
by  everyone  whose  calllnK  Is  connected  with  the  art  of  building; 
lor  without  some  clear  understanding  of  the  period  that  directly 
preo'des  our  own  It  Is  almost  impossible  to  understand  the 
IH)sitlon  architecture  occupies  to-day;  neither  can  we  without 
some  such  reference  determine  future  policy  regarding  design. 
The  chief  factors  which  arrested  the  rellned  formality  of  the 
eighteenth  century  were  the  Romantic  Revival  In  literature  and 
tlie  phenomeiuil  development  of  a  vast  industrial  population; 
or,  to  be  more  precise,  books  and  machinery.  Architecture,  of 
course,  begets  architecture,  and  from  the  convenient  standpoint 
of  to-day  we  are  in  a  more  advantageous  position  than  our  pre- 
decessors to  crlticiie  and  appreciate  the  good  qualities  of  the 
eighteenth  century.  Precisely  where  eighteenth-century  ideals 
merge  with  those  of  the  early  nineteenth  It  is  dllflcult  to  ascer- 
tain, but  the  period  of  (Jeorge  IV.  forms  a  distinctive  hiatus 
from  whicli  to  begin  our  discussion.  ,  .       .. 

Yet  It  is  an  established  fact  that  the  classic  tradition  lingered 
on  through  many  dull  and  insipid  years;  that  the  spirit  and 
scholarship  of  the  "golden  age  of  architecture"  never  quite  lost 
its  hold  over  the  Imagination  of  a  few  architects;  and  In  the 
pn'.>4enl  tendency  of  the  rising  generation  is  to  be  seen  the  re- 
kindling of  the  once  despised  Classic  lamp.  From  1830  to  1900 
is  fair  ground  for  retrospect.  We  shall  find  a  medley  of  con- 
flicting theories,  some  men  turning  for  Inspiration  to  late  models 
in  their  own  language,  other  investigating  the  chapters  of  the 
.Middle  Ages,  which  had  been  neglected  and  despised  In  the 
march  of  time,  and  others  studying  the  contemporary  architec- 
ture of  the  Continent.  The  wonder  is  that  with  such  an  ap- 
parent confusion  of  tongues  any  extensive  building  development 
was  accomplished  at  all.  But  architecture  collectively  is  always 
wiser  than  anv  of  its  votaries,  and,  despite  the  division  of  archi- 
tects Into  rival  camps,  new  theories  and  buildings  of  original 
character  sprang  up  on  evevry  side.  For  seventy  years  civic 
architecture  was  continued  in  the  Classic  spirit,  whether  drawn 
from  Greek,  Roman  or  Italian  so^irces.  Ecclesiastical  architec- 
ture favored  the  whole  gamut  of  mediaeval  taste,  including  the 
French  scale;  and  domestic  building,  left  practically  to  itself, 
fluctuated  between  awful  Gothic  and  worse  Classic.  Gradually 
the  pre-eminence  accorded  to  civic  architecture  in  the  eighteenth 
century  was  banished;  the  outlook  of  the  Gothic  school  was 
limited  to  the  study  of  individual  buildings  in  which  isolated 
and  picturesque  settings  alone  received  consideration.  In  time 
oven  the  fervor  of  the  Gothic  coteries  ceased  to  hold  popular 
attention,  and  by  1880  domestic  architecture  became  the  uni- 
versal idol  which  all  were  supposed  to  worship.  There  were 
many  minor  deviations  from  the  dictates  of  sound  taste  and 
common  sense,  which  were  brought  about  by  increased  travelling 
facilities    and    the    sketch-book    habit. 

•  On  the  Classic  side  we  find  the  scholars,  such  as  Profe.s.sor 
Cockerell  and  his  talented  son,  F.  P.  Cockerell,  the  two  Smirkes 
.Sir  Charles  Barrv,  Elmes.  and  Sir  William  Tite,  with  a  host  of 
men  of  lesser  repute  who  were  influenced  by  these  leaders.  At 
Kensington,  Captain  Fowke's  staff  produced  the  Royal  Albej-t 
Hall,  the  most  remarkable  building  of  the  second  half  of  the 
centurv.  and  the  Roval  College  of  Science.  Professor  Cockerell  s 
attitude  in  particular  to  the  development  of  Classic  architecture 
presents  a  verv  Interesting  study.  In  addition  to  his  profound 
knowledge  of  antique  art,  lie  held  in  great  veneration  the  works 
of  Sir  Christopher  Wren;  he  was  in  intimate  touch  with  the 
contemporarv  French  school,  and  thoroughly  sympathized  with 
the  Italian  lienais.sance.  All  these  influences  appear  in  his  own 
works.  Cockereil's  style  stands  head  and  shoulders  above  that 
of  his  contemporaries  as  regards  finish  and  detail,  but  it  some- 
times reveals  traits  of  over-complexity  which  show  the  con- 
llicting  influences  of  the  period  rather  than  the  innate  taste  of 
this  architect. 

Barry,  on  the  other  hand,  in  his  design  for  the  Travellers 
and  Reform  Clubs  worked  on  the  motif  principle,  and,  seeking 
for  a  type  best  titled  to  express  club  lite,  he  selected  the  Palazzo 
model.  His  reconstruction  of  Soane's  building  in  Whitehall 
and  the  Town  Hail  at  Halifax  show  an  impression  of  Italian 
work  as  seen  through  a  Victorian  magnifying-glass;  and  in  the 
matter  of  elaborate  and  rich  confusion  of  surface  he  was  only 
rivalled  bv  the  exuberances  of  his  pupil,  John  Gibson.  The 
Gothic  school  of  the  Victorian  Age  was  shaped  by  Rickman, 
educated  by  Pugin  and  Brandon,  and  exploited  by  Sir  Gilbert 
Scott.  In  its  decline  Street  was  the  poet  of  the  movement,  and 
Pearson  and  Bodley  were  the  last  of  the  race  of  minstrels.  It 
is  somewhat  strange  that  the  best  works  of  the  Gothic  school 
should  have  been  produced  partly  under  the  direction  of  Classic 
architects.  But  it  is  more  remarkable  that  the  best  results 
were  achieved  by  studying  flfteenth-century  architecture,  as, 
for  example,  Pugin's  contribution  to  Barry's  Palace  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Bibrary  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  which  was  erected 
by  Hardwick,  of  Euston  fame. 

With  the  advent  of  Kden  Nesfield  and  Norman  Shaw, 
domestic  architecture  was  rescued  from  the  slough  in  which  the 
Early  Victorians  had  left  it.  In  this,  however,  the  sudden  re- 
vulsion of  taste  against  solier  pomposity  led  the  mass  of  the  pro- 
fession astray.  At  first  the  new  school  affected  a  parody  of 
Queen  .\nne  and  Tudor  features,  which  led  to  a  virulent  out- 
break of  gauged  brickwork,  pictures<iue  gables,  and  contorted 
architraves;  for  the  bricky  shades  of  Queen  Anne's  reign  were 
evoked  with  a  vengeance.  Experience  proved  to  the  enthusiasts 
how  much  their  own  work  differed  from  the  simple  character  of 
the  models  which  they  professed  to  follow.  Hence  the  reaction 
which  set  in  and  the  just  praise  bestowed  on  Norman  Shaw's 
later  work.  .VUhough  architects  at  this  time  were  among 
themselves  satisfied  as  to  the  limitations  of  the  Gothic  Revival, 
the  great  bulk  of  the  public  still  read  Fergusson  and  Ruskin; 
but  a  few  men,  endowed  with  clarity  of  vision,  saw  through  the 
fallacies  of  the  pseudo-classic  school  and  cautiously  set  to  work 
to  change  current  opinion.  This  explains  why  the  work  of  the 
nineties  carries  with  it  such  a  timid  note;  the  major  portion  of  it 
was  designed  with  hope  overshadowed  by  fear.  From  1S90  to 
1915  the  domestic  .school  has  been  in  the  ascendant;  it  stands 
for  the  highest  expression  of  English  taste.  It  has  been  ac- 
clainu'd  for  its  insular  character,  its  suital>ilit,\'  and  ciiarm.  In 
ffalitj-  it  is  not  to  lie  compared  with  its  great  forerunner  of  the 
"•ightcentli  century,  and  its  best  examples  merely  represent  a 
potpourri  of  seventeenth  and  eighteenth  century  taste,  with  a 
pinch  o'f  the  Regency  thrown  in  for  seasoning.  The  architects 
of  the  nineteenth  century  worked  in  a  period  of  artistic  con- 
fusion:   criticism   and    controversy    were    rife,    the    decline    was 


rapid;  but  there  was  at  least  a  general  standard  of  taste  which 
the  puliiic  understood,  and  the  best  of  the  buildings  were,  apart 
from  the  iiuestion  of  style,  both  satisfactory  In  the  disposition 
of  mass  and  tiie  seal);  of  their  minor  attributes.  In  the  con- 
tinuance of  the  Classic  tradition  under  Cocl<erell  and  Itarry 
and  In  the  Komantlc  Revival  of  Pugin  and  Street  the  best 
taste  of  the  Victorian  epoch  Is  reflected;  architecture  was  still 
directed  by  men  of  scholarship  and  attainment,  and  it  had  not 
.vet  fallen  into  the  hands  of  those  whose  conHiierclal  instincts 
were  greater  than   their   professiohai   ability. 

The  present  teaching  of  the  universities  and  schools  is 
directed  towards  a  broader  conception  of  architecture,  quite 
logical  and  distinct  from  the  trammels  of  fashion  and  style. 
The  theory  is  now  accepted  that  the  study  of  town  planning 
and  civil  architecture  must  be  given  the  ftrst  place,  and  that 
domestic  architecture  Is,  after  all,  a  matter  of  purely  secondary 
importance.  So  complicated  has  the  practice  of  architecture 
l>ecome  to-day  that  engineers  now  carry  out  works  formerly 
entrusted  to  architects.  Arms  of  decorators  cater  for  the  In- 
terior treatment  and  furnishing  of  houses;  while  specialists 
of  every  sort  prepare  schemes  for  various  fittings,  the  architect 
being  left  to  plan  the  brick  walls  and  design  the  elevations  to 
meet  the  changing  whims  of  his  client. 

Were  it  not  for  the  buildings  of  the  past,  this  vast  metro- 
polis, and  even  vaster  empire,  would  lose  the  greater  part  of  Itg 
character.— "The  Builder." 


DAYLIGHTING  THE   FACTORY. 

How  many  owners  and  arcliitects  <<insider  a  full  meaHure 
of  daylight  in  the  factory  in  the  same  way  as  they  do  the  con- 
venience and  purpose  of  the  building,  its  architectural  appear- 
ance, or  Its  Hre-proofiiess'.'  .\pparently  not  the  majority  of 
them,  for  one  can  visit  plant  after  plaiit  without  finding  this 
feature  sulflcient  stu<iied  and  developed. 

Bight  acts  on  the  sensitized  plate  Instantaneously  with  the 
exposure,  the  impression  registered  depending  upon  the  amount 
of  light  available  at  the  moment,  while  the  result  absolutely 
depends  upon  the  light  quality. 

So  in  factory  production  the  work  and  workmanship  depends 
upon  the  light  quality  even  more  than  upon  the  skill  of  the 
man,  for  whatever  may  be  his  experience,  the  amount  of  work 
and  workmanship  decreases  or  increases  according  to  the  light 
available  at  the  time  of  the  task.  This  also  affects  the  work- 
man. Eyestrain  Is  one  of  the  serious  evils  attending  poor  or 
bad  lighting  and  should  be  prevented  by  all  means. 

Accidents  arc  very  often  due  to  Improper  lighting  and  the 
reports  of  many  investigating  committees  prove  conclusively 
the  value  of  good  natural  light  from  every  viewpoint.  Compen- 
sation commissioners'  reports  on  accidents  will  do  much  to  bring 
out  this  fact  and  no  doubt  will  be  the  means  of  hastening  the 
remedy    in    the    form    of   laws. 

It  is  important  to  bear  In  mind,  when  planning  for  sufficient 
daylight,  the  fact  that  only  that  portion  of  window  or  roof 
openings  through  which  the  sky  Is  visible  admits  the  proper 
light. 

Skylights  (overhead  or  direct  light)  probably  provide  the 
most  direct  means  of  <laylightiiig,  and  bv  the  use  of  ribbed 
glass,  the  glare  from  the  sun  which  is  objectionable  can  be 
minimized,  and  it  is  further  reduced  in  buildings  with  unusual 
heights. 

Therefore,  why  not  be  ahead  of  time  when  it  will  be  a  legal 
requirement,  and  be  prepared.  Let  your  factory  be  well  day- 
lighted. 

Natural  lights  costs  nothing,  the  problem  presented  is  only 
that  of  selection,  with  an  eye  not  to  the  first  cost,  but  the 
weather-proof  qualities  and  future  maintenance  factor. 

The  viewpoint  of  the  iiracticai  man  should,  of  course,  be 
given  due  weight  when  considering  the  proper  daylight  of  build- 
ings, yet  how  often  do  we  see  the  most .  elemental  phases  of 
light  and  its  values  ignored.  How  often  is  the  shop  superin- 
tendent or  foreman  called  upon  to  suggest  what,  in  accordance 
with  his  experience,  would  be  the  most  practical  solution  in 
such  and  such  a  case,  and  find  him  recommending  solutions  that 
have  long  since  been  superseded  by  better  methods.  Sawtooth 
design,  for  example,  is  very  fine  indeed  when  used  in  the  right 
way  and  place,  but  if  wrongly  applied  can  be  made  to  defeat  its 
purpose. 

.Vdjacent  buildings  shutting  off  sky  light  must  be  taken  into 
consideration;  dark  surfaces  which  obsorb  light  are  especially 
important  to  consider.  A  monitor  with  windows  in  the  side  and 
and  solid  roof  will  well  illustrate  the  point. 

How  often,  where  machines  are  in  operation,  even  In  the 
modern  building,  artificial  light  must  be  dejiended  on  to  provide 
the  necessary  working  light  and  particularly  to  avoid  eyestrain 
at  only  reasonable  distances  from  the  windows.  Doesn't  this 
suggest  limited  output.  less  expert  workmanship,  which  means 
less  profits?  Light  diffusion  oftentimes  misleads  one  to  tnink 
there  is  plenty  of  working  light.  Try  taking  photographs  with 
these  varying  degrees  of  light  and  note  the  results.  The  further 
away,  the  longer  the  exposure.  Does  not  this  prove  the  argu- 
ment from  the  workman  standpoint,  the  eyestrain  theory? 

How  to  overcome  this  disadvantage  is  the  problem  confront- 
ing each  building  designer.  Of  course  it  depends  somewhat  on 
the  amount  and  class  of  work  to  be  performed.  Some  of  the 
thoughts  suggest  windows  carried  to  the  height  of  the  ceiling, 
ribbed  glass  for  the  extra  diffusion  of  the  light,  shades  operating 
from  the  bottom,  instead  of  the  top.  light-colored  walls  above 
the  eye  vision  and  ceilings  of  a  mat  dullness,  rather  than  a 
glary  nature,  skylights  where  possible,  and.  if  necessary,  arti- 
ficial lighting  of  the  projier  sort.  .And  don't  forget  (although 
this  is  a  chief  concern  of  the  owner,  it  should  be  covered  by  the 
engineer  or  architect),  that  windows  must  be  cleaned  at  regular 
intervals,  else  what  avails  the  daylight  provided  Dust  and 
dirt,  sediment  settlements,  deposits  from  o|>erations  inside  or 
from  neighboring  works,  quickly  accumulate,  and  unless 
promjitly  cleared  off  adhere  to  the  glass  surface  and  decrease 
the  illuminating  value  and  the  rate  of  glass  deterioration. 

Rules  concerning  lighting  are  set  down  in  the  report  of  the 
committees  of  the  Illuminating  Engineering  Society  in  their 
"Code  of  Lighting."  and  again  in  an  interesting  study  and 
report  of  Messrs.  Marks  and  Woodwell,  "Planning  for  Daylight 
and  Sunlight  in  Buildings."  which  are  forerunners  of  the  new 
daylight  era.  .\nother  evidence  of  the  value  of  daylight,  in 
addition  to  the  number  of  daylighted  factories  constructed  and 
now  being  built,  was  the  recent  action  of  the  cit.v  of  Cleveland 
in  adopting  Eastern  time,  in  order  to  give  its  citizens  one  hour 
more  of  daylight  throughout  the  greater  part  of  the  year,  and 
which  was  followed  by  others  doing  likewise. — American  Archi- 
tect. 


Construction  News 

The  following  information  is  obtained  from  our  correspondents,  from  architects,  engineers  and 
local  newspapers.  These  items  are  published  in  our  Daily  Report  Service,  and  are  herein 
compiled  for  the  use  of  subscribers  to  the  monthly  issue  of  "Construction."  Should  any  of 
our  readers  desire  this  information  daily  we  will  be  pleased  to   submit  prices  upon  request 


BUSINESS   BUILDINGS. 

MONTREAL,  QUK.— Bell  Telephone  Company  have  plans 
completed  for  a  new  building  to  cost  $63,000. 

WELL\Nr)  ONT.— .\rchitect  T.  U  Nickolas,  IS  Main  street, 
is  preparing  plans  for  a  business  building  for  Elio  Soravac. 

TORONTO  ONT.— Canadian  Bank  of  Commerce  are  having 
plans  prepared  by  Dominion  Realty  Co.,  for  a  new  building  to 
be  erected  corner  of  Vaughan  road  and  St.   Clair  avenue. 


CIVIL    ENGINEERING. 

BERLIN,  ONT.— City  of  Berlin  have  called  for  tenders  on 
pavements  and  engineering  equipment. 

CHARLOTTENBURG  TWP.— Tenders  have  been  called  for 
bridge  over  the  Beaudette  River,  clerk,  G.  Watson,  Williams- 
town,   Ont. 

COLLINGWOOU.  ONT.— Town  Council  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on  water  works  and  equipment. 

COOKSTOWN,  ONT— County  of  Simcoe  have  called  for 
tenders  on  steel  bridge  on  plans  prepared  by  Engineer  t. 
Barber,  57  .Adelaide  street  east,  who  is  also  preparing  plans  lor 
a  concrete  bridge  to  be  erected  later. 

ELMO  TOWNSHIP. — The  town  council  have  called  for 
tenders  on  drains,  clerk,  Geo.  Lockhead,   Elmo,  Ont. 

GR.ANTHAM  TOWNSHIP.— Town  council  have  called  tor 
tenders  on  new  culvierts,  Sec,  L.  S.  Bessey. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— City  of  Hamilton  have  plans  completed 
for  a  steel  viaduct. 

NI.\GAR,\  FALLS,  ONT. — X  company  composed  of  E.  R. 
Wood,  Toronto;  A.  Fraser,  S.  G.  Sheppard  and  A.  J.  Sheppard, 
Niagara  Falls,  propose  erecting  a  new  bridge  over  Niagara 
River. 

NEW  BRUNSWICK  PROV.— Contracts  for  bridges  have 
been  awarded  as  follows,  by  the  I'rovincial  Board  of  Works, 
York  County  Bridge,  Canadian  Steel  Bridge  Co.,  Haweig  Bridge, 
Canadian  Steel  Bridge  Co.,  Brook  Mouth  Bridge,  Victoria 
County,  W.  R.  Favvcett,  Temperance  Vale. 

PEEL  COUNTY,  ONT. — Engineers  Bowman  and  Connor,  31 
Queen  street  west,  have  called  for  tenders  on  a  bridge  of  re- 
inforced concrete. 

PORT  HOPE.  ONT. — Town  Council  havie  called  for  tenders 
on  a  bridge  on  Peter  street  from  plans  prepared  by  Bowman 
&  Connor,  31  Queen  street  west. 

RENFREW.  ONT. — County  of  Renfrew  have  awarded  con- 
tract for  bridge  over  Indian  River  to  J.  M.  Kennedy,  Alice 
township. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — City  of  Toronto  are  having  plans  prepared 
for  new  subway  on  .Ashdals  avenue  and  G.  T.  R.  Commissioner 
of   Works,    R.   C.    Harris. 

VANCOUVP^R,  B.C. — Richmond  Council,  B.C.,  have  awarded 
contract  for  bridge  over  the  Fraser  River  to  Fraser  River  Pile 
Driving  Co. 

W.\RDSVILLE,  ONT. — Elgin  County  have  awarded  con- 
tract for  new  bridge  over  the  Thames  River  to  the  Petrolia 
Bridge  Co. 

WINNIPEG.  M.\N. — City  of  Winnipeg  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on  cast  iron  pipe. 


CLUBS,     HOSPITALS,    THEATRES    AND     HOTELS. 

C.\LG.\RY,  ALTA.— City  of  Calgary  will  l)uikl  club  building 
in  connection  with  the  golf  links. 

HAMILTON,  ONT. — .Architects  Stewart  &  Witton  have  called 
for  tenders  on  equipment  for  Barton  street   hospital. 

H A.MILTON,  O.NT. — Centre  Mount  Club  will  erect  a  new 
building. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Architect  W.  P.  Witton  is  preparing 
plans  for  a  new  nurses'  home  in  connection  with  Mount  Hamil- 
ton hospital. 

KINGSTON,  ONT. — Dominion  Government  will  build  con- 
valescent home  on  Fetter  Cairn  Island  from  plans  prepared  by 
Power  &   Son,    Kingston. 

LONDON,  ONT.— F.  R.  Heakes,  Provincial  .Architect,  is  pre- 
paring plans  for  the  rebuilding  of  the  local  asylum.  .Architects 
McBride  &  Gilbert.  Edge  Block,  are  preparing  plans  for  the 
erection  of  a  club  house  on  St.   George  street. 

LONDON,  ONT.— .Architects  Messrs.  Watt  &  Blackwell  are 
preparing  estimates  on  cost  of  erecting  a  new  theatre  for  C.  E. 
Bernard  on  Wellington  street. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— ,1.  I'.  MacLaren,  104  Sparks  street,  has 
plans  for  a  new  gymnasium. 

QUEBEC.  QUE. — Plans  have  been  completed  for  new  build- 
ing of  the  .Jeffrey  Hale  hospital,  to  cost  $70,000.  Y.W.C.A.  will 
erect  a  new  building  on  Ann  street;  plans  prepared.  J.  M. 
Bedard  Grande,  Allee  Gardens,  has  purchased  a  site  for  a  new 
theatre  to  be  built  on  St.  John  street. 

SAULT  .STE.  MARIE,  ONT.— S.  W.  Faucett  has  plans  com- 
pleted  for  new  theatre. 

TIMMINS,  ONT.— Charles  Pierce  will  erect  a  theatre:  ten- 
ders called  for. 

TORONTO.    ONT.— W.     B.     Charlton,     412    Indian    road,    has 


secured  general  contract  for  alterations  to  building  on  Spadina 
avenue   to   be   used   as  a   hospital.      Owners.    Knox   College. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Plans  for  the  rebuilding  of  the  Princess 
Theatre  in  reinforced  concrete  are  now  being  submitted  by 
-Architect  B.  C.  Whitney,  Detroit,  and  C.  H.  Read,  Confedera- 
tion Life  Building. 

UNION  ON  THE  L.AKE,  ONT.— Architect  J.  C.  Pennington, 
Windsor,  is  preparing  plans  for  hospital  addition  to  Essex 
Tuberculosis  Hospital. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— National  Amusement  Co.  havie  called 
for  tenders  on  a  new  theatre  to  be  erected  on  Broadway  and 
Main  streets. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— Architect  W.  F.  Gardner  has  awarded 
contract  (general)  to  Atkinson  &  Dill  for  new  theatre  of  the 
National  -Amusement  Co. 

WINNIPEG,  M.AN. — .Architect  Paul  M.  Clements  has  com- 
pleted plans  for  Royal  Templars'  lodge  building,  to  be  erected 
on   Young  street. 


ELECTRICAL    CONSTRUCTION. 

CALGARY,  -ALT.A. — City  of  Calgary  have  awarded  contract 
for  electrical  equipment  to  Canadian  Westinghouse  Co.,  Hamil- 
ton. 

D-AVIN,  S-ASK. — Davin  Rural  Telephone  Co.  will  construct 
new  lines;   secretary,  J.   F.   Parsons. 

KINDERSLEY,  ONT.— Toronto  Suburban  Railway  will  erect 
sub-station,  to  cost  $10,000.  Toronto  Hydro  Electric  Co.  will 
erect  sub-station  on  Ruskin  avenue. 

TORO.VTO,  O-NT.— Toronto  Hydro  Electric  Commission  have 
called  for  tenders  on  cableducts,  transformer  vaults  and  meters. 
Specifications  may  be  obtained  from  the  purchasing  agent  IS 
Wilton  avenue. 


FIRE   LOSSES. 


-ARDEN,  MAN. — Warehouse  of  Western  Canada  Flour  Mills 
destroyed. 

BLENHEl-M,  ONT. — Si)ringsteen  Co.  garage  and  apartments 
destroyed;   loss  $16,000. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— AVarehouse  of  B.  Bell  &  Son  Co.,  dam- 
aged by  nre;  loss  $10,000. 

CALG.ARY,  ALT.A. — West  End  Incinerator  destroyed;  loss 
$50,000. 

CAMPBELLTON,  N.B.— Waverley  Hotel  was  destroyed  by 
fire;  loss  $75,000. 

COLLEGE  BRIDGE,  .\'.  B.— Residence  of  P.  D.  A^enneau 
destroyed;  loss  $5,000. 

DAUPHIN,  MAN. — Town  hall  damaged  by  flre;   loss  $5,000. 
DILKA,  S-ASK. — Meat  Market  destroyed;  loss  $22,0000. 
ELMIR.A,    ONT. — Bauman   &   Leason   planing   mill   destroyed; 
loss  $15,000. 

FORT  WILLIAM,  ONT.— Grain  Growers'  elevator,  Hardesty 
street,    destroyed;    loss   $60,000. 

GALT,   ONT. — Imperial  Hotel   destroyed;   loss  $40,000. 

GLBICHEU,  ONT.— Stores  destroyed  of  Brav's,  Beache's, 
Cosgrave's,  Farmers'  Sujiply  and  .Masonic  lodge  rooms;  loss 
$100,000. 

H.ALIFAX,  N.S. — J.  Rowe,  121  Lower  street,  soda  water  fac- 
tory destroyed;  loss  $14,000. 

L.  HAMPSTEAD,  N.B.— School  destroyed;  loss  $1,000. 

MAPLEHURST,  MUSKOKA.— Hotel  destroyed,  of  Mrs. 
Brown;   loss  $30,000. 

MARKH.AM,  O.NT.— Rink  and  Fair  building  destroyed  by  flre; 
loss  $15,000. 

MILL  V.ALLEY,  ONT.— D.  H.  Graham's  mill  destroyed;  loss 
$10,000. 

MOOSE  JAW,  S.ASK. — J.  Griffith  residence  destroved;  loss 
$5,000. 

MOOSE  J-AW.  SASK. — Gordon  Ironsides,  packing  plant  dam- 
aged; loss  $50,000. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— Canadian  Rubber  Co.  plant  damaged; 
loss  $15,000. 

MONTREAL,  P.Q.— Pauze  &  Goshier,  sash  factory  destroved 
by  fire;   loss  $10,000. 

NAPANEE,  ONT.— Curling  Club  building  destroved;  loss 
$20,000. 

NEEPAWA,  ONT. — ^.lohn  Brown's  department  store  de- 
stroyed;  loss  $10,000. 

NIAGARA  FALLS,  O.NT.— Marshall's,  Ltd.,  candv  factory 
destroyed;   loss  $25,000. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— I'laning  -Mill  of  .\.  Charpenteer,  141  Main 
street,  destroyed;   loss  $3,000. 

OTT.AWA,  O.NT.— Daughters  of  Wi.sdom  Convent,  destroyed; 
loss    $8,000. 

PORT  LAMBTON,  ONT.— Residence  of  D.  Hlnnegan  de- 
stroyed;  loss  $3,000. 

RBGINA,  SASK.— C.  N.  R.  Roundhouse  destroyed;  loss 
$14,000. 

RENFREW,  ONT.— O'Brien  Mfg.  Co.,  burnt  out;  loss  $30,000. 


131 


\.u 


CONSTRUCTION 


UKNKItlOW.  (INT.— lii-nfrcw  Machinery  plant  ilestroyed;  loaa 
tlllO.OOfl. 

HKV'KIjSTOKK.  B.IV— Taylor  l)li>i-k  anil  MrKae  HullilliiK  <lo- 
vtroyed   by   Hre;   Iomh  )40,U(H). 

ROSK  IM.AINS.  8A8K.— Methodist  Church  destroyed  by  Hre; 
loss  112.000. 

STR.\ThX)Kl),  ONT.— Omce  of  MacDonald  Thresher  Co.. 
destroyed:    Iiihh  $5,(10(1. 

STK.\Tlim>Y.  o.VT.— UeHldence  of  .1.  Armrd.  Albert  street, 
ilestriiyeil;   Idhh  $;..00(I. 

ST.  JOll.S'.   N.ll. — St.  John  Isolation   llospllal  destroyed. 

ST.   JOll.N*.   N.H.— McLean   Kstatc  oHlcn  daniaKed:   loss  $.^i.OOO. 

ST.  JOH.N.  N.lt. — Warehouse  of  l>earlM>rn  &  Co..  daniaged: 
loss  $40,000. 

ST.  JOHN.  N.lt. — Jas.  Crlfflths'  residence  destroyed  by  Are: 
loss  $5,000. 

ST.  (JKOKCiK.  t)NT.— H.  Hell  &  Son's  munition  plant  de- 
stroyed: loss  $10,000. 

ST.  TIIO.MAS.  ONT.— n.  WrlKhtman  residence  destroyed; 
loss  $3,500 

SWIKT  Cl'RRKNT,  SASK.— Roller  rink,  owned  by  T.  A. 
Roberts,  destroyed;  loss  $3,000. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Urowii  &  Stanton  store  damaned  by  fire: 
loss  $50.00(1. 

TOltONTO,  ONT.— Residence  of  J.  Whitehead,  Stracona  ave.. 
ilestroyed:  loss  $2.oOU. 

TRKNTON.  O.NT.— King  (ieorge  Hotel  destroyed;  loss 
$40,000. 

TRENTON.  ONT.— (Jraydon  &  ClegK's  Oarage  destroyed,  and 
Ireland  &  MoCaul  machine  shoji  damaged;   loss  $10,000. 

VA.NCorVKR,  H.C.  R.  V.  I'almer,  2020  Fifth  avenue,  two 
bii.\-  sbed.s  ilestroyed:  loss  $10,000. 

\VK1<I,.\N1>.    ONT. — Two    houses    on    Keer    street    destroyed; 

loss    $4,UU(I. 

WKSTVIl.MC.    N.S.— Court    House   and   Jail   destroyed. 

WHEATIJOV,  ONT.  — Hani  of  Mr.  Heatherlngton  destroyed; 
loss  $3,500. 

WINNll'KC  MAN— Manitoba  Photo  Suppiv  Co..  burnt  out: 
loss  $4,000. 


PLANTS,    FACTORIES    AND    WAREHOUSES. 

BAY  Bl'l..l.,S,  NKU. — Newfoundland  American  Packing  Co. 
are  having  plans  prepared  for  a  new  plant  to  be  erected  here. 

BERLIN,    ONT.— Regal   Auto   C^o.    will   erect  a  building. 

BRANTFORU,  ONT.— Waddell  Preserving  Co.  will  erect  a 
factory.  Architects  Taylor  &  Bodley  are  preparing  plans  for 
warehouse   to  be  erected  for  C.   J.   Mitchell. 

DARTMOUTH.  N.S.— Wllllston  Steel  Foundry  Co.  have  called 
for  tenders  on  new  building. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Stanley  Steel  Co.  will  erect  a  new  plant 
to  cost   $200,000. 

HAMILTON.  ONT.— Steel  Co.  of  Canada  are  having  plans 
prepared   for  plant  addition. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— E.  T.  Wright  Co.  will  make  additions  to 
their  factory  on  Cathcart  street. 

HAMILTON.  ONT.— Frost.  Steel  &  Wire  Co.  are  having 
plans  prepared  for  a  new  steel  plant  to  cost  $6,000,000.  Direc- 
tors, H.  A.   Frost.   A.  1>.   Page  and  C.   A.   Smith. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Mercury  Mills.  Ltd..  SO  Park  street,  will 
make  addition  to  factory.  Peerless  Weaving  &  Belting  Co.  will 
erect   factory,    interested   Stephen   &    McKenney,    Hamilton. 

KINGSTON.  ONT.— Newell  Mfg.  Co.  will  make  addition  to 
plant. 

LINDSAY,  ONT.— Hodgson  &  Hodgson  Chemical  Co.  are 
erecting  building. 

LINDSAY-,  ONT.— F.  R.  Wliford  &  Co.  have  awarded  con- 
tract for  factory  addition  to  R.  Williams. 

LONDON.  ONT. — London  Foundry  Co.  will  erect  a  new 
factory  plant. 

LONDON.  ONT. — A.  A.  Langford  contemplates  the  erection 
of  a   new  factory  on    King  and  Clarence   streets   to  cost   $25,000. 

MONTREAL.  QI'E.— Lyall  Munition  Co.,  to  make  extensions 
to  plant. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— The  Steel  Company  of  Canada  will 
erect  a  new  building  to  cost  $24,000. 

MONTREAL.  (Jl'E— Darling  Bros..  120  Prince  street,  have 
started  the  erection  of  a  new  factory  addition. 

N1AGAR.\  FALLS.  ONT.— Perfection  Tire  and  Motor  Co. 
will  erect  a  large  factory. 

NIAGARA  FALLS.  ONT.— Niagara  Power  Co.  will  erect  new 
buildings  and  make  additions. 

ORILLIA.  ONT.— Canada  Builders'  Ltd.,  will  prepare  plans 
for  a  new  factory  to  be  erected  on  Matchedash  street. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— Grant.  Holden  &  Graham.  147  Albert  street 
have  awarded  contract  for  factory  addition  to  C.  Holbrook  & 
Son. 

PETERBORO.  ONT.— Bonner  Worth  Co.  have  awarded  con- 
tract for  addition  to  W.  Langford. 

REGINA.  SASK.— Prairie  Biscuit  and  Confectionery  Co  have 
been  incorporated  and   will  erect  a  plant. 

SASKATOON,  SASK— Alaska  Beddlngton  Co.  will  have 
plans   prepared    for   their   new    factory. 

ST  JOHN,  N.B. — H.  L.  McGowan  has  purchased  site  for  a 
paint  factory. 

.  i»T,"^^-,^'<T"'    ONT.-Robertson    Bros,    will    make    addition    to 
plant.   103  Queen  street  east. 

T(JRONTO.  ONT.-The  Ontario  Motor  Car  Co..  20  Bloor 
street   east,    will   make   alterations   to   premises. 

,..J°'^?^^'''^\    ^;^.T— Hydro    Electric    Commission    have    plans 
prepared   for   buildinK  corner  of   Front  and  Jefferson   streets 
ir»J.',^'\n^7«^*-  ,'»^,T.-Architect  J.    F.    Brown   has  awarded   con- 
stre   t      •  buiiilings  for  the   Y'ork   Knitting  Mills.   9»3  Queen 


TORONTO.  ONT.— "K  In  1"  Envelope  Co..  Hayter  street,  will 
build  factory.  Nellsons.  Ltd..  Gladstone  avenue,  arc  making 
additions,    plans   prepared    by   Sproat   &    Rolph,   34    North    street. 

TORONTO.  ONT,— Whitrteld  &  Co.,  33  Sherbourne  street,  will 
erect  buildings.  A,  R.  i;iark,  (133  Eastern  avenue,  will  erect 
new  shops  to  cost  $35,000.  fNnnfort  .Soap  (,'o.  will  make  factory 
additions  at  West  Toronto. 

TORO.NTO.  ONT.— A.  W.  Wolfe,  163  Adelaide  street  west, 
contemplates  the  erection  of  a  factory  building  corner  Welling- 
ton and  .Spadlna.  A.  S.  Dunbar,  architect,  S83  Shaw  street,  is 
prepariiiK  plans,  .\rchitect  F.  S.  Bilker  has  awarded  the  follow- 
ing i-onlractK  on  new  business  premises  being  erected  on 
Church  sti'cet:  Mason,  Orr  Bros;  electric  work,  Bennett  & 
Wright;  plaster  work,  .Sparks  Co.;  steel  work.  Dominion  Bridge 
Co.:   plumbing,  R.  Jordan;  riHtflng,  R.  Rennle. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— B.  C.  Fir  and  Cedar  Mills  will  erect 
buildings. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— Vancouver  CreBotIng  Co.  are  making 
additions. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.— T.  Eaton  Co.  have  awarded  contract  for 
steel  to  Dominion   Bridge  Co. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.— T.  Eaton  Co.  have  started  the  excava- 
tion work  for  their  new  store  building.  .Architects,  Gray  & 
Burnham,   Chicago. 

WYo.MlNG.   0,NT.— Wm.   Travis   will  erect   planing  mill. 


PUBLIC    BUILDINGS   AND   STATIONS. 

HALIFAX,  N.S.— The  County  Council,  Halifax,  N.8..  are  con- 
sidering the  erection  of  a  new  court  house.  Clerk,  E.  E.  Smith. 
Halifax,   N.S. 

MONTREAL,  QI'E.— Grand  Trunk  Railway  Co,  will  rebuild 
Bona  venture  Station   recently  destroyed  by  fire. 

WINNIPEG.  MAN.— Department  of  Public  Works,  Winnipeg, 
has  called  for  tenders  on  the  completion  of  the  Parliament 
Buildings. 

WINNIPEG.  MAN.— City  architect  Is  preparing  plans  for 
addition   to  the  city  hall  to  cost  $200,000. 


RESIDENCES,    STORES    AND    FLATS. 

BARRIE,  ONT.— Bell  Telephone  Co..  manager,  A.  G.  Price, 
contemplate  the  erection  of  a  new   building. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— Royal  Bank  will  make  alterations  to 
store  for  use  as  a  bank, 

BRANThORD.  ONT,— Dr.  Chapin  has  awarded  contract  for 
new  residence  to  N.  Kew. 

BRANTFORD.  ONT.— Architects  Barber  &  Tilley  have  plans 
completed  for  residence  of  E.  L,.   Gould. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— Architects  Barber  &  Tllley,  Temple 
Building,  have  called  for  tenders  on  dwelling  for  R.  Hutchinson. 

COATSWORTH,  ONT.— Levi  Coatsworth  will  erect  a  new 
store,    bi'Ick   construction. 

COBDEN,  ONT.— J.  McDermott  has  plans  completed  for  a 
new  store. 

FENELON  FALLS,  ONT.— James  Fraser  will  erect  a  block 
of  three  stores. 

GALT,  ONT.— C.  L.  Cant  has  awarded  contract  for  addition 
to  store  to  Thomas  &  Hancock. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Thompson  &  Thompson,  78  Garfield 
avenue,   will  erect   two  houses. 

HAMILTON.  ONT.— C.  R.  Roper,  249  Armoth  avenue,  has 
awarded  contract  for  new  residence  to  Isblster  Bros.  S.  S, 
Forbes,  165  Sanford  avenue,  has  plans  for  the  erection  of  fifteen 
houses. 

KINGSTON,  ONT.— A.  Andre  has  plans  prepared  for  a  new 
residence  to  be  erected  on  Pine  and   Adelaide  streets. 

KINGSTON,  ONT.— Wm.  Newlands  &  Son  have  called  for 
tenders  on  an  apartment  house  to  be  erected  on   Barrle  street. 

KINGSTON,  ONT.— Architects  Wm.  Newlands  &  Son  have 
awarded  contract  on  apartment  house  for  Mrs.  James  Elder, 
as  follows;  Mason  work,  H.  W.  Watts;  carpentering.  H.  Hun- 
ter; heating  and  plumbing,  etc.,  Elliott  Bros.;  electric  work. 
J.  Halllday. 

I.,ONDON.  ONT.— Mans  have  been  prepared  for  the  follow- 
ing dwellings:  R.  W.  Carter.  Wreay  street:  H.  Dicey.  Charles 
street;  J.   H.   Nicolls,   Edward  street;    to  be  erected   this  spring. 

McTAGGART.  SASK.— McTaggart  Rural  Telephone  Co.  will 
erect  a  new  office  building. 

MONTREAL.  QUE.— Ernest  De  Nevers.  Central  Falls,  Rhode 
Island,  will  erect  three  houses  on  Mount  Roval  avenue,  East 
Montreal.  F.  L.  Gagon.  64HO  Lajennesse,  will  "erect  a  store  and 
residence,  to  cost  $5,500. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— L.  E.  Judah,  SI  Duroeher  street,  will 
make  repairs  to  an  apartment  house,  to  cost  $3,000.  Miss  D. 
Ludich,  82!)  St.  Urbain,  will  erect  stores  and  apartments,  to 
cost  $50,000.  on  St.  Dominique  street.  Alex.  McKay.  498  Argylle. 
Westmount.  will  erect  a  new  residence. 

MONTREAL.  QUE.— Jos.  Hupoe,  156  Duquesne.  will  build  a 
dwelling  house.  A.  P.  Stuart.  42  St.  Catherine  street,  will  erect 
a  residence.  E.  .Martel.  31  Frontenac  street,  will  erect  a  resi- 
dence. W.  C.  Lawrence,  475  Second  avenue,  will  build  a 
residence.  N.  Rochon,  1011  St.  Germain  street,  will  build  a 
residence. 

MONTREAL.  QUE.— A.  Gaudieau.  155  Joliette  street,  wilj 
erect  apartment  house.  L.  Bisschop,  201  Wolfe  street,  will 
erect  two  dwellings,  for  which  plans  have  been  completed. 
Hector  Vlnet,  4615  Notre  Dame  east,  will  erect  a  residence, 
and  has  plans  comiileted.  A  Shapson.  1894  Papineau  avenue, 
has  plans  completed   for  a   new  residence. 

MONTREAI>.  QUE.— O.  Ownstein.  276  St.  Antoine.  will  erect 
a  store  and  residence  on  Notre  Dame  street.  J.  M.  Ponton  29 
l>aval  street,  will  erect  two  houses  on  that  street.  L.  Gordeau 
192  Robertval  street,  will  erect  a  store  and  Hat  building  on 
Church  street.  Jos.  Bro.ssard.  522  Charlevoix  street,  will  erect 
a  store  and  residence  on  Rosede  I.,ima.  C.  Brault,  364S  Cas- 
quain  street,   will  erect   a   store  and  dwelling. 


CONSTRUCTION 


133 


OTTAWA.  ONT. — J.  *  K.  Wilson.  S  Allan  pliice,  will  erect 
store  and  apaitments   on    ISiink   street. 

OTTAW.V.  ().S"T. — Jaokson  ISootli  lias  secured  a  site  for  the 
I'rection  of  an  olHce  builainK  on  I'.aiik  and  Slater  streets. 

()SH.\W.\.  O.sT. — Architects  Darling  &  Pearson  have  called 
lor  tenders  on   the   residence  o(  S.   McL,aughlin,   to  cost   $75,000. 

OTTAW.^.  ONT. — Architect  W.  E.  Noffke  has  plans  com- 
pleted for  addition  to  oflice  building  of  Blackburn  Bros.,  corner 
Kideau  and  Sussex. 

I'KTROLE.X,  ONT. — Crown  Loan  &  Savings  Co.  will  erect 
ortice  building. 

I'OitT  ARTHirR,  ONT. — L.  Walsh  Co.  have  awarded  con- 
tracts on  store  and  office  building  as  follows;  E.\cavating,  M. 
.Mazucca;  general  contract,  J.  L.   McRae. 

PORT  ELGIN,  ONT. — Reeve  Issard  will  erect  a  bungalow 
on  Gustavus  street.  Charles  Gilbert  will  erect  a  frame  resi- 
dence. 

QUEBEC,  P.Q. — L,  Dolbec,  Hermine  street,  will  erect  dwell- 
ing.    Elz.   Laracher,   Acqueduct,    will  build   residence. 

QUEBEC,  P.Q. — J.  N.  Rondeau,  Lachevrotiere  street,  will 
erect  a  building  on  that  street.  B.  Bertrand,  3rd  Limilou,  will 
erect  a  three-family  apai'tment. 

ROCK  ISLAND,  P.Q. — S.  Murdock  has  awarded  contract  for 
a  new  residence  to  Wni.  L.  Smith. 

SONGHEES  RESKRVE,  B.C.— Department  of  Marine  will 
erect  a  store,  for  which  plans  are  being  prepared;  Marine 
.\gent,  Capt.   G.   E.   Robertson,    Victoria. 

ST.  CATHARINES,  ONT.— W.  H.  McCordick,  199  St.  Paul 
street,  has  called  for  tenders  on  a  cottage  to  be  erected  on 
Woodlawn  avenue. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT. — T.  Walley  will  erect  a  new  residence 
on   Myrtle  avenue. 

SUDBURY.  ONT. — F.  W.  Woolworth  Co.  have  awarded  con- 
tract for  store  alterations  to  Evans  &  Co. 

TORONTO,  OXT. — Hon.  T.  Crawford,  404  Palmerston  avenue, 
has  awarded  contract  foi-  addition  to  building  to  .A.  W'ells,  4S 
drowning  avenue. 

TORONTO — R.  J.  Kirk,  9  Day  avenue,  has  plans  completed 
for  addition  to  residence.  Kilner  &  Banford,  177  Hiawatha 
road,    will  erect  a  pair  of  houses  on   Rhodes  avenue. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— H.  W.  Boles,  151  Broadview  avenue,  will 
erect  a  residence  on  Kingswood  road;  plans  completed.  J.  Mc- 
Masler,  97  \\  oodycrest  avenue,  will  erect  three  houses  on  King 
Edward  avenue.  W.  Hughes,  59  .\mroth  avenue,  will  erect 
eight  houses  on  that  street. 

TORONTO,  OxNT.— A.  W.  Wolfe,  163  Adelaide  street  west, 
is  having  alterations  made  to  old  premises  at  101  Spadina 
avenue,  by  A.  S.  Dunbar,  8S3  Shaw  street,  for  use  as  store  and 
apartments.  Architect  W.  B.  Galbraith  has  called  for  tenders 
on  a  new  residence  to  be  erected  in  Laurence  Park,  to  cost 
♦tt.500.  L.  II.  Larkin,  124  Hampton  avenue,  has  com)>leted  plans 
for  a  new  residence  to  be  erected  on  Donlands  avenue,  to  cost 
J3.000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— W.  H.  Gibbs,  449A  Brock  avenue,  will 
erect  a  residence  on  Symington  avenue.  O.  R.  Lewis,  132  Ho])e 
iivenue,  has  plans  prepared  for  a  new  residence  to  be  erected 
on  that  street.  T.  Miller,  9(i  Waverley  road,  will  erect  a  pair 
of  houses  on  Main  street.  Purton  &  Chennels,  15S  Ellsworth 
avenue,  will  erect  an  apartment  house  on  Frederica  street. 
C.  Bannister,  43  Cedarvale  avenue,  has  commenced  the  erection 
of  a  house  on  that  street. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— G.  Miller.  12  Boothroyd  avenue,  will  erect 
residence  on  Morley  avenue.  Imperial  Trust  Co.  are  making 
alterations  to  19  Richmond  street  west.  Owner,  205  McRoberts 
avenue,  has  called  tor  tenders  on  house  to  be  erected  at  atop 
48.  Yonge  street.  Haywood  &  Whitehorn,  6  Hallam  avenue, 
are  preparing  iilans  for  house  to  be  erected  on  Lauder  avenue. 
J.  D.  Naylor.  1255  Glenholme  avenue,  has  plans  completed  for 
house  to  be  erected  on  that  street. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Architect  .1.  A.  Thatcher,  37  Cowan 
avenue,  has  called  for  tenders  on  a  store  and  bakery  to  be 
erected  on  West  King  street,  Toronto.  Architect  P.  H.  B^inney, 
79  Adelaide  street  east,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  new  residence 
for  G.  Ferrier,  302  Danforth  avenue.  Architects  E;ilis  &  Ellis. 
.Manning  Chambers,  have  called  for  tenders  on  a  new  residence 
lor  Dr.  Gilmour,  to  be  erected  on  Radford  avenue.  S.  C. 
Lauder,  99  Ontario  street,  will  make  addition  to  store  on 
Queen  street  east.  Architect  P.  H.  Finney  has  completed  plans 
for  a  residence  to  be  erected  at  Kew  Beach  for  E.   Elliott. 

TORONTO,  ONT,— P.  L.  Spiers,  95  Glenholme  avenue,  will 
erect  a  residence  on  Thome  crescent,  also  one  on  Glenholme 
avenue;  preparing  plans.  W.  Walker,  51  Frederica  street,  is 
preparing  plans  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Glenholme 
avenue.  Arch.  W.  G.  Hunt,  Confederation  Life  Building,  has 
called  for  tencjprs  on  new  residence  for  J.  Harvey  Bone,  to  be 
erected  on  St.  Leonards  avenue.  A.  Donaldson,  155  Silverthorn 
avenue,  has  plans  completed  for  a  new  residence.  C.  Lauder, 
265  Queen  street  east,  will  erect  a  new  dwelling  and  store. 
Gipe  Hazard  Store  Service  Co..  97  Ontario  street,  will  make 
alterations  to  store.  T.  Robinson,  89  Elm  avenue,  has  plans 
completed  for  addition  to  residence.  Venn  &  Evans,  776  Craw- 
ford street,  will  erect  several  houses  In  the  St.  Clair  district. 
J.  Lucas,  919  Carlaw  avenue,  will  erect  six  stores  and  apart- 
ments. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— J.  S.  Geroux,  2185  Queen  street  east,  will 
erect  store  and  dwelling.  J.  Harris,  531  Rhodes  avenue,  will 
erect  a  pair  of  houses  on  Coxwell  avenue.  P.  Morgan,  68  Belle- 
fair  avenue,  will  ei'ect  a  residence  and  garage  on  Williams  road. 
City  Homes.  Ltd.,  48  Hogarth  avenue,  will  erect  a  pair  of  houses 
on  Mlllbrook  crescent.  G.  A.  Stoddart,  Lumsden  Bldg..  will 
erect  a  residence  at  Hanlan's  Point.  .\rchitect  W.  (^onnery. 
Manning  Chambers.  has  called  for  tenders  on  resi- 
dence of  H.  W.  Cox,  105  Arthur  street.  Architects  Gordon  & 
Helliwell.  ("onfederation  Life  Building  have  awarded  contracts 
on  alterations  to  residence  of  R.  T.  Gooderham.  331  Sherbourne 
street.  R.  Dale.  96  Castle  Frank  road,  has  plans  for  a  new 
residence.  C.  James,  Nanton  Court  Apartments,  will  build 
residence  on  Roxboro  drive.  P.  L.  Spiers,  95  Glenholme,  will 
build  residence  on  Burlington  crescent.  .1.  Carroll,  223  Garden 
avenue  will  build  residence. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— W.  Long,  406  Yonge  street,  is  having 
plans  prepared  for  the  erection  of  an  oHlce  building  corner 
Yonge  and  Gerrard  streets,  to  cost  $100,000.     Kennedy  &  .\vlson 


.'»73  Indian  road,  have  plans  jirepared  for  a  residence  on  Ren- 
hold  avenue.  Dr.  Gibson,  1228  St.  Clair  avenue,  has  called  for 
tenders  on  stores  and  flats  to  be  erected  on  that  street.  Lucy 
l>.  Rowell,  Lonsdale  and  Westmount,  will  have  a  residence 
erected  on  Vaughan  road.  Architect  Wright,  535  Lansdowne 
avenue,  has  called  for  tenders  on  three  pairs  of  houses  for 
J.  Smith,  107  William  street.  Walker  House  Drug  Store,  125 
Front  street  west,  have  called  for  tenders  on  a  store  front. 
T.  Millen,  96  Waverley  road,  has  awarded  contract  for  a  pair 
of  houses  to  J.  A.  Ward.  310  Lee  avenue.  E.  Elliott.  77  Ver- 
mont avenue,  has  plans  for  three  houses  to  be  erected  at  Kew 
Beach.  C.  Cornelius.  50  Walker  avenue,  has  plans  completed 
for  the  erection  of  stores  and  apartments  on  St.  Clair  avenue. 
Smith  &  Turner.  535  Lansdowne  avenue,  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on  three  pair  of  houses, 

THOROLD,  ONT. — Mrs.  Baxter  will  erect  a  new  residence 
on  Brindle  street. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— R.  McDonald  will  erect  a  residence  on 
Twelfth  avenue  west. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C. — Evans,  Coleman  &  Evans,  have  prepared 
plans  for  alterations  to  apartment  of  Norfolk  Rooms,  872  Gran- 
ville street,  to  cost  $8,000. 

W.VTERLOO,  ONT.— Architects  E.  &  W.  Cowan  are  pre- 
paring plans  for  an  office  building  for  the  Waterloo  Fire  in- 
surance Co. 

WELLAND.  ONT. — Architect  T.  L.  Nickolas  has  prepared 
plans  for  residence  of  S.   L.  Lambert. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— Architects  Leybourne  &  Sewell  have 
awarded  contract  for  residence  of  Mrs.  G.  Hallett  to  Lambert  & 
Braithwaite. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.— 'P.  M.  Clemens,  498  Maryland  street, 
architect,  is  preparing  plans  for  hall  and  office  building  for  the 
Royal  Templars  Hall  Co. 

WOODSTOCK,  ONT.— A.  Patrick  and  J.  D.  McKenzie  will 
erect   store  and  offices. 

WOODSTOCK,  ONT.— Arch.  P..  Nichole  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  addition  to  store. 

ZELMA,  SASK.— Architects  Seater  &  Parnell,  Saskatoon, 
have  called  for  tenders  on   residence  of  C.  G.  Hennicksen. 


SCHOOLS,    COLLEGES    AND    CHURCHES. 

BRAMPTON,  ONT.— School  trustees  will  erect  addition  to 
school  on  Alexandra  street;  money  has  been  voted  by  the 
Town  Council. 

CALGARY.  ALTA. — Alterations  are  proposed  to  the  Haul- 
tain  School  here. 

C.XLG.ARY,  ALTA. — Separate  School  Board  contemplate  the 
erection   of  a  new-  school. 

CAMERON,  M.VN. — School  trustees  will  erect  a  new  school; 
secretary,   J.   W.   Halpenny,   ilinnedosa,   Alta. 

CAY'UG.A,  ONT. — Board  of  E<lucation  will  erect  addition  to 
school;   secretar.v  of  Board,   E.   1!.    Davis. 

COTE  DES  NEIGES.  P.Q. —The  R.C.  School  Board  have 
called  for  tenders  on  a  new  school,  from  plans  prepared  by 
.\rchitect  G.  A.  Monette,  Power  Building.   Montreal.   Que. 

DALROY,  .ALTA.— School  trustees,  S.S.  No.  2690,  have  called 
for  tenders  on  new  school;  secretary,  F.   W.   Gardner, 

DELTA,  B.C. — Department  of  Education  jiropose  the  erec- 
tion of  a   new   school   here. 

DOMINION  CITY.  ONT.— Architect  T.  R.  Evans,  1700  Pacific 
avenue.  Winnipeg,  is  preparing  jilans  for  a  new  school,  to  cost 
$18,000. 

DOVER  CENTRE.  ONT.— Architect  S.  G.  Kinsey,  Chatham, 
has  prepared  plans  for  new  Presbyterian  church  to  be  built 
here. 

EASTVIEW.  ONT. — A  new  school  is  to  be  erected  here; 
secretary.  J.  W.  Rostetter.  Cummings  Bridge.   Ont. 

ELMVALE,  ONT.— School  Section  No.  5,  Fid.,  secretary. 
W.  J.  McGuire,  Elmvale.  Ont..  will  receive  tenders  on  new 
school  to  be  erected. 

EMERSON.  ONT.— The  School  Board  will  make  additions  to 
school. 

EXETER.  ONT.— James  Street  Methodist  Church  will  make 
alterations,   to  cost  $4,000. 

FITCH  B.\.Y,  QUE.— The  School  Board  are  having  plans 
prepared   for  a  new   school;   secretary,   B.    H.    Rider. 

FLOS  TOWNSHIP,  ONT.— Architect  J.  Wilson,  Collingwood, 
Ont.,  is  preparing  plans  of  a  new  school  for  o.S.  No.  5,  Flos 
Township. 

HALIFAX,  N.S.— Architect  H.  E.  GGates,  Queens  Building, 
has  called  for  tenders  on  a  new  school. 

HALIF.AX.  N.S. — St.  Johns  Presbyterian  Church  have  pur- 
chased a  site  for  tlie  erection  of  a  new  church,  on  Windsor 
street. 

HAMILTON,  ONT. — Board  of  Education  have  purchased  a 
site  for  new  school  on  Wentworth  street. 

HAMILTON,  ONT— tJore  Street  Church  to  be  remodelled 
and  fitted  «p  for  use  of  Boy  Scouts;  W.  F.  Eaton,  of  the  T. 
Eaton  Co.,  interested. 

HAMILTON,  ONT. — Contracts  have  been  awarded  for  new- 
school  by  Architect  C.  J.  Hutton  as  follows:  Mason.  G.  F. 
Webb;  carpentering,  J.  Poaf;  jilumbing,  A.  Clark:  plastering. 
Sill  Bros.;  painting,  W.  Dodson;  electric  work.  Electric  Supi)ly 
Co.;  roofing,  M.  V.  McLean;  steel  work.  Hamilton  Bridge  Co.; 
hand   rails,   Canada   Wire      and   Iron   Goods. 

HAZENMORB,  SASK.— Architects  Storey  &  Van  Egmond, 
Regina.  Sask.,  have  completed  plans  for  a  new  school  containing 
two  rooms. 

HERSCHEL,  S.ASK.- Engen  School  District  hav«  called  for 
tenders  on  new  school;  secretar.v,  W.  H.  Luke. 

HESPELER,  ONT. — R.C.  congregation  will  erect  a  new 
stone  church. 

KINBURN.  ONT.— Architect  J.  P.  MacLaren,  104  Sparks 
street.   Ottawa,   is  preparing  plans  for  a  new  school. 

KINGSTON,  ONT.— St.  Mary's  R.C.  congregation  will  build 
a  church,    parish   hall  and   hoarding  school. 


134 


CONSTRUCTION 


I  \MHTON'  COUNTY.  ONT.— School  trusteea  have  called  for 
tcii.lrrs  oil  new  arhool;  chairman  of  committee,  C.  O'Connor, 
HIrkforil,  Out. 

I  ui'lSKVll.Nh:  glTK.— .Architect  Pierre  l.,eveHque.  115  St. 
John  Btreet.  Quebec.  I'.g..  has  called  for  tendeiB  on  a  new 
K.O.   church,   to  cost   »1"5.»00. 

1  KVMlNii'CoN  ONT.— Th«  County  Council  propoBe  the 
erectlun"  i>f  a  Home  for  the  FrlendleBs:  Superintendent,  Daniel 
Kennc<l.v,    i.caniinKton,   Ont. 

M  vmtlOTT,  S.\SK.— Tenders  have  been  called  on  "  "ew 
school  for  Sdiool  District  No.  3538  by  chairman  of  the  School 
Hoard,  S.   A.  Itlcharda. 

MKRIJN  ONT.— .Architects  Adams  &  Adams  have  pre- 
pared plans 'for  a  new  school  to  be  erected  in  Tilbury  Township. 

MONCTON  I'VRISII.  N.H.— McQuades  S.D.,  Moncton  parish, 
have  nwardcd  contract  for  new  school  to  O.   Morton,  contractor. 

MO.N'TKIOAI-.  yrn.— Architect  Marchand.  164  St.  .lames 
street,  has  awarded  contractB  on  U.C.  school  as  follows: 
Oenenil  contract.  .1.  l.aurler,  3!)5  Trovlnce  street;  heating,  Mc- 
(lUlre  Co..   .Montreal. 

MONTKH.M..  gUK.— Architect  Monette,  83  Craig  street  west, 
is  preparluK  iiians  for  new  school  on  Cote  de  Neiges.  Archi- 
tects Mai-.liand  &  Haskell.  1(14  St.  .lames  street,  have  plans 
completed  for  new  school  on  i'apineau  avenue.  Architect  J<..d- 
gar  Prairie,  M2  St.  Catherine  street  east,  has  prepared  plans 
for  a  new   school  on   St.    Andrews  street. 

MOl'NT  HRYDC.KS.  ONT.— Architect  I..  K.  Cairothers.  I^on- 
doii.  has  completed  plans  for  a  new  school  for  IIiiIom  School 
Section  No.  1.  Plana  may  be  obtained  from  H.  A.  XlcPhail, 
U.R.   No.   2,  Mount   lirydges.  Ont. 

MOUNT  DKNNIS.  ONT.— Architects  S.  B.  Coon  &  Son  have 
called  for  tenrteis  on  a  .school  for  S.S.  28.   Mount  Dennis. 

MfiUKlUK.  ONT.— Contract  for  new  school  has  been 
awarded    to    Horton    liros..    St.    Thomas. 

OXKORD  TOWNSHli'.  ONT.— School  Section  No.  7  have 
called  for  tenders  on  new  school;  information  may  be  obtained 
from  J.  D.  Anguis.  Mulrkirk.   Ont. 

PONOKA.  Al-TA.— Trustees.  Brooks  S.I>.  564.  have  called 
for  tenders  on  a  new  school;   secretary,   T.   Page   Baker. 

PORT  COI^BORNK,  ONT.— Architect  CM.  Borter  has  called 
for  tenders  on   St.  .James   Presbyterian  Church. 

PORTAGK  l^A  PUAIRIR.  MAN.— Architect  F.  E.  Evans,  170 
Pacitlc  avenue.  Winnipeg,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  new  school  to 
be  erected   in  the  east   ward   in   this  town. 

gl'HBEC,  QUE. — ^Walls  have  been  erected  of  St.  Roch's 
Church. 

gl'I'MtKC,  P.Q.— Architect  P.  l..evesque,  115  St.  John  street, 
i»   preparing  plana  for   new  convent. 

Ql'EBKC  gin':.— B.C.  School  Board  will  have  jilans  prepared 
for  a  new  school  to  be  erected  on  St.  1-uc  and  St.  Sauveur 
atreeta;   secretary.   J.    B.    Morisette. 

RKNFRKW.  ONT.— A  by-law  will  be  voted  on  to  provide 
$125.(1(1(1  for  erection  of  new  high  school. 

RICHMOND  HIBD,  ONT.— School  Section  will  erect  a  new 
school. 

RIMOI'SKl.  QUE.— Architect  Pierre  I.,evesque,  Quebec,  has 
awarded  contracts  for  chai)el  for  Sisters  of  the  Holy  Rosary, 
as  follows:     C.encial  contract,   A.  H.   Morin,  Trois  Pistole.s,  Que. 

ROCKV  MOUNTAIN,  ADT.V— School  District  No.  3176  has 
called   for  tenders  on  a  new  school. 

S.VNDWICH.  ONT.— Architect  Gilbert  J.acques.  Windsor,  is 
preparing  plans  for  separate   school. 

SI'lVKN  PERSONS,  .\LTA. — ,\rchltect  J.  Jarrett,  455  Tenth 
street.  Medicine  Hat.  is  calling  for  tenders  on  a  new  school, 
to  be  built  here. 

SMITHS  FALLS.  ONT. — New  school  will  be  erected  in 
Elgin   Ward,   to   replace   building  recently  destroyed   by  fire. 

STR.XTPORD.  ONT. — .\i<hitect  J.  Russell  has  completed 
|)lans  for  a  school  to  be  erected  on   Downie  street. 

ST.  ALPHONSE  DIO  THEDFORD,  gUE.— Plana  are  being 
prepared    for  new   .school;   secretary,    .\chille   Therrien. 

S'i'.  AUOUSTIN.  V.Q. — .\rchitect  1.,.  Auger.  39  St.  Jean 
street,  guebec,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  new  school  to  be 
erected  here. 

ST.  HILAIRI';  DE  DORSIOT.  P.Q. — R.C.  congregation  are 
having  plans  ])iepared  by  .\rchitect  L.  Auger,  39  St.  Jean 
street.  CJuebec.   for  a  new  church. 

ST.  TIK)M.\S,  ONT.  — Board  of  lOducation  will  have  plans 
prepared   for  school  a<lditions. 

ST.  THOM.VS.  O.NT. — Centre  Baptist  Church  will  erect  a 
mission   building;   architect,   J.  T.   Findlay. 

TINV  TOWNSHIP.  ONT.— School  Section  No.  5  will  erect 
a   new  .school:   secretary  W.    A.   Casselman.   Wyebridge,   Ont. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Architects  Burke,  Horwood  &  White  have 
<-alle<i  for  tenders  on  a  new  building  for  the  Somers  School  of 
Pb\sical   Training. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — Methodist  churches  will  he  erected  in 
I'^arlscourt  and  Oakwood  districts:  pastors  in  charge.  Rev.  H. 
Pawson  and   Rev.    R.    Richard. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Architect  T.  Hancock.  S36  Dovercourt 
road,  baa  prepared  plans  for  the  erection  of  Bellsize  Drive 
Presbyterian  t^hm-ch.   (Ilebe   Manor. 

TORONTO.  ONT— Board  of  Education  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on  plumbing,  heating,  tin  work,  electric  work,  cabinet 
work,    inter  'phones  and  ash   hoists. 

V.V.VCOUVKR,  B.C.— The  School  Board  will  make  additions 
to   school  as  recommended   !>>■   Inspector  Gordon. 

W.VLES.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  alterations  to 
Presbyterian  church   by  Secretary  D.   H.   Meikle. 

WATSON.  o.\'T. — Contract  has  been  awarded  for  new  school 
to   W.   I).   Shaw,   Sai-nia.   Ont. 

WKST  LORNK.  ONT.— Aldborough  Township  will  erect  a 
new  school:  secretary.  D.  McPherson. 

WEST  BORNE.  ONT— Architect  W.  G.  Murrav  has  plans 
completed   for  a  new  school  to  be  erected,   to  cost  $7,000. 

WESTBORO.     ONT.— Architects     Richards     &     Abra,     Booth 


BuildliiK.  (Jttawa,  have  called  for  tenders  on  school  to  be 
erected  hero. 

WINDSOR  JUNCTION,  N.8. — Bedford  PariBh  contemplate 
ercctiiiK  a  new  church, 

WINNIPEG.  .M.\.\.— Consolidated  School  District  will  have 
plans  prepared   for  a  four-room   brick  school,   to  cost  $17,000. 

WINNIPEG.  MAN.— Contractors  Grey  &  Dlviision  have  com- 
menced work  on  St.  Andrew's  Church;  heating  and  iilumblng 
not  let.  I 

WOODROW,  S.\SK. — Architects  Storey  &  V'anEgmond, 
Regina,  have  let  contract  for  the  new  school  to  be  built  here 
to  K.  Rooney,    Weyburn,   Sask. 

YORK  CIOUNTY,  ONT. — County  of  York  will  erect  new 
Bchool;   secretary.    K.   Mulholland,   Rglinton  P.O. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

ATHOL,  ONT. — Everett  Scott  has  awarded  contract  for  new 
barn  to  Alva  Scott,   PIcton. 

BARRIE,  ONT.^The  Town  Council  have  called  for  tenders 
on  sewer  pipes,  cement,  lumber,  coal,  hardware,  oil,  sand  and 
gravel.     Engineer,   J.   H.   Lalng, 

BRANTKORIJ,  ONT.— Lak«  Erie  &  Northern  R.R.  will  erect 
station  at  Lome  Bridge. 

BURLINGTON,  ONT. — Town  Council  have  called  for  tenders 
on   850   feet  of  30-Inch  concrete  pipe. 

CALGARY,  ALTA.— .\lberta  Farmers'  Co-operative  Co.  will 
erect  sixteen  elevators. 

CALGARY,  AJiT.S.— City  of  Calgary  will  erect  two  <-omfort 
stations,   to  cost  $12,000. 

CALGARY,  ALTA. — City  Council  are  having  plans  prepared 
for  a  new  incinerator  plant. 

CLARKSON,  ONT.— Architects  Sproatt  &  Rolph,  Toronto, 
are  preparing  plans  tor  new  Darns  to  be  erecteu  lor  G.  W. 
Goouerham. 

DAUPHIN,  M.JiN.— Department  of  Public  Works,  Ottawa, 
win  erect  court  house;  plans  pieiiared  by  Architect  j.  H.  Bos- 
soms,  Dauphin. 

EMILY  TOWNSHIP,  ONT.— G.  H.  Hopkins,  Lindsay,  will 
erect  a  new  barn;   teimers  asked  for. 

FORT  WILLIAM,  ONT.— Architects  Barrett  &  McQueen  are 
preparing  plans  oi  a  new  tlour  mill  for  tne  Oglivie  i-iour  Mills 
Co. 

HALIFAX,  N.S.— City  of  Halifax  has  called  for  tenders  on 
supplies  of  granite,  special  casting,  hardware,  explosives,  lum- 
ber, cement,  brick,  cart  wheels,  drain  pii>es,  meters,  oils,  sand 
ana  gravel. 

KEDGWICK,  N.B.— Richards  Manufacturing  Co.  have  award- 
ed contract  for   new   lumoer  mill  to  R.   McLean. 

KBNORA,  ONT. — L.O.L.  No.  1689  are  having  plans  prepared 
by  Architect  F.  A.   Hudson  for  a  new  lodge  building. 

KINGSTON,  ONT.— Architects  Wm.  Newlands  &  Son  have 
called  for  tenaers  on  city  store-house. 

LAKEFIELD,  ONT. — H.  G.  Fitzgerald  has  called  for  tenders 
on  a  large  quantity  of  lumber. 

LONDON,  ONT.— Architects  Watt  &  Blackwell,  Bank  of  To- 
ronto Building,  are  preparing  plans  for  arena  to  be  erected  on 
Richmond  street  north. 

MARKHAM,  ONT.— Markham  Agricultural  Society  will  re- 
build  the   buildings  recently  destroyed  by   (ire. 

MONCTON.  N.B. — City  Council  have  called  for  tenders  on 
new  pavements. 

MONTROSE,  ONT.— Michigan  Central  Railway,  St.  Thomas, 
Ont.,  will  erect  a  roundhouse  to  accommodate  20  engines;  plans 
completed. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— City  of  Montreal  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on   bronze  and  Iron  castings. 

MONTREAI,,  QUE.— Wm.  Scully,  320  University  street,  will 
erect  shed,   to  cost  $1,400. 

MONTREAL,  QUE. — Plans  are  being  prepared  by  Architect 
L.  J.  Bigonesse,  92  Notre  Dame  east,  for  sash  factory  to  be 
erected  on  St.   Catherine  street  east  for  Wesintainer  &  Son. 

MONTREAL,  QUE. — Board  of  Commissioners  have  called 
for  tenders  on  cement,  sand,  concrete,  stone,  rails  and  angle 
bars;  engineer,  F.  W.  Cowie.  Cavenhille  Estate,  89  St.  Peter 
street,  have  plans  completed  for  a  garage  to  be  erected  on  St. 
Catherine  street  west. 

N.\PANEE,  ONT. — Town  Council  have  called  for  tenders  on 
supplies;  clerk,  W.   A.   Grange. 

NEWTONBROOK,  O.NT.— F.  Summers  will  install  hot  water 
heating  in  his  residence  this  year. 

ORILLIA,  ONT.— .Airchitects  Burke,  Horwood  &  White  have 
completed  plans  for  town  hall. 

OTT.\WA,  ONT.— Ottawa  Improvement  Commission,  110 
Wellington  street,   have  called   for  tenders  on  supplies. 

OTTAWA.  ONT. — City  of  Ottawa  have  awarded  contract  for 
new  pumi)ing  station  to  Thomas  McLaughlin,  to  be  erected  on 
Leimeux   Island. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— City  of  Ottawa  have  awarded  contract  on 
pumping  station  to  Doran  &  Devlin,  104  Spark  street,  who 
have  commenced  work. 

PETERBORO,  ONT.— Campbell  Flour  Mill  Co..  Toronto,  will 
erect  an  elevator  and  storehouse  building. 

PORT  ARTHUR,  O.NT.— Saskatchewan  Co-operation  Grain 
.Association    propose    the   erection   of   two   elevators. 

PORT  ELGIN,   ONT.— John  Coulter  will  erect  a  new  garage. 

FORT  WlLLl.AM,  ONT.— .Architect  D.  A.  Gordan  is  prepar- 
ing lilans  for  new  elevator  for  Guy  &  Co. 

FORT  WILLI.AM,  ONT.— Saskatoon,  Sask.,  Co-operative 
Elevator  Co.,  Regina,   will  erect  an  elevator. 

QUEBEC,  P.Q.— City  of  Quebec  have  called  for  tenders  on 
supplies 

QUEBEC,  P.Q. — Quebec  Harbor  Commission  have  called  for 
ten(3ers  on  freight  sheds  and  grain  galleries  at  Polnte  a  Carey 
wharf. 


CONSTRUCTION 


135 


RAYMOND,  Al.TA.— Architect  I".  Van  Waggoner  will  erect 
restaurant  building  on  Broadway. 

SARNIA  ONT.— Imperial  Oil  Co.  will  make  additions  to 
their  i-eflning  plant.  Grand  Trunk  Railway  will  erect  grain 
elevators  and   freight   sheds. 

ST.  THOM.AS,  ONT.— Hydro  Commission  have  awarded  con- 
tract for  sub-station  to  .\.   t:.    I'onsford,   Ltd. 

STR\TFORD  ONT. — Citv  of  Stratford  contemplate  the  pur- 
chase of  supplies  for  the  tire  department,  consisting  of  signal 
Ijoxes,  hose,  gasoline  and  storage  tank. 

TORONTO  ONT. — Citv  of  Toronto  have  awarded  contract 
for  IS, 000  enamelled  brick'to  the  I  >on  Valley  Brick  Co.,  Toronto. 
Contract  has  been  awarded  for  chimney  on  Don  \  alley  in- 
cinerator to   Canadian   Custodis  Co.,    Toronto. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — City  of  Toronto  have  called  for  tenders 
on  a  new  Hre  hall  to  be  erected  on  Hendrick  avenue.  City  of 
Toronto  have  called  for  tenders  on  wood  blocks  and  crushed 
.stone.  C.  C.  Edwards.  24  King  west,  will  erect  a  garage  and 
boiler  room  on  Hillington  avenue,  to  cost  $2,500.  .\rchitect 
N.  G.  Beggs,  Cosgrave  Building,  has  plans  completed  for  a 
garage  to  be  erected  on  Simcoe  street. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — City  of  Toronto  will  erect  stables  and 
sheds  in  connection    with    Island   incinerator, 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Hvdro  P^lectric  Commission.  226  Yon,  e 
street,  have  plans  completed  for  addition  to  sub-station  at 
West   Toronto. 

TABl'^R  AND  DUNMORE,  ALTA.— C.P.R.  have  called  for 
lenders  on  pipe  lines.  Superintendent,  J.  M.  Mc.^rthur,  Keth- 
biidge,  Alta. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — Architect  .1.  Mitchell,  55  Isabella  street, 
has  called  for  tenders  on  garage  to  be  erected  corner  of  Yonge 
and    l!a.vter  streets,   lor  W.   J.    Fennell,    1550   Y'onge   street. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — City  of  Toronto  have  called  for  tenders 
on  electricallv-operated  gear  tor  36-inch  gate  valve.  City  of 
Toronto  have  called  for  bulk  tenders  on  the  erection  of  a  barn 
at  the  Industrial  Farm  and  stables  at  the  Island.  Old  Orchard 
Club,  375  Dovercourt  road,  will  erect  an  arena.  Sheet  .Metal 
Products,  lii!i  River  street,  will  erect  Ka'nge;  contract  has  been 
awarded  to   Brown  &   Cooper,   2!I7  Carlton  street. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Contract  for  Hendrick  street  (ire  hall  has 
been  let  to  .\.  J.  I'enberthy,  292  Booth  avenue.  Empire  Hippo- 
drome Co.  have  purchased  site  l)ounded  by  Yonge,  (College  and 
Terauley  streets. 

TORONTO,  O.NT.- .\rchitect  C.  H.  Bishop,  of  the  Board  of 
Education,  will  call  for  tenders  on  interior  tittings  for  .\dminis- 
tration    Ituilding  shortly. 

\1CT()R1.\,  li.C. — Department  of  Marine,  Ottawa,  will  erect 
storage  building. 

VICTORIA,  B.C. — Iv.  E.  Ross  will  erect  a  shingle  mill  and 
will    purchase   machinery   for  same. 

VANCOrVER,  B.C.— Our  Ladies  of  the  Sisters  of  Charity 
will  erect  a  new   laundr.v. 

WESTON,  ONT. — A.  J.  Baker  contemplates  the  erection  of 
a  garage   building  on  Main  street. 

WAINURIGHT,  ALTA.— The  Wainwright  Milling  Co.  will 
erect  a  Hour  mill,  plans  being  prepai-ed  by  -Architects  Bird  & 
Co.,    Corn   Exchange   Building.    Minneapolis,    Minn. 

WINDSOR,  ONT. — The  City  Council  will  purchase  motor  fire 
apparatus,  at  a  cost  of  $15,000.  for  which  a  by-law  has  been 
passed. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.— The  City  Council  have  called  for  ten- 
liers  on  hot  water  heating,  storage  tank  and  piping  for  Cornish 
Baths. 

WALKERVll.LK.  ONT.— Architect  J.  C.  Pennington,  Wind- 
sor, is  preparing  plans  for  a  garage  to  be  erected  on  Lincoln 
road  for  .A.   E.   Kerr. 

WEST.MOl'NT,  QUE.— City  of  Westmount  have  called  for 
tendei's  on  supplies. 


Contractors  &  Sub-Contractors 

As  Supplied  by  The  Architects  of  Buildings 
Featured  in  This  Issue 

THE    WM.    WRIGLEY,   JR.,    TORONTO. 

.\rchitecls,    Messrs.    Brack   &  Perrine,   Toronto. 

i;rick,  tanada  hand-Lime  Pressed  Brick  Co.,  Toronto. 

Boilers,  Gurney  Foundry  Co.,  Toronto, 

Casements,  steel  and  Radiation  Co.,  Toronto;  Crittall  Case- 
ment  Co,,   Toronto. 

('himneys,  Custodis  Canadian  Co.,  Toronto. 

Electric  Wiring  and  plumbing,   Keiths,   Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Elevators,  (Jtis-Fensom  Elevator  Co.,  Toronto. 

Fire  doors,   .V.   B.   Ormsby  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Glass.  Toronto  Plate  Glass  Importing  Co.,  Toronto 

Hardware   (Corbin  brand).   Rice  Lewis  Co.,  Toronto. 

Marl)le,    (;anada   Glass,    Mantel   and   Tile   Co.,    Toronto. 

Ornamental   iron.   Toronto  Structural   Steel  Co.,   Weston     Ont. 

Paint.  Adams  &  Elting  Co.,  Toronto. 

Pliinihing  fixtures,  Standard  Ideal  (^o.,  Toronto:  Mueller  Manu- 
facturing Co.,   Sarnia,   Ont. 

1  Mastering,  E.  C.  Cates.  Toronto. 

Rooting.    Bird   &  Co.,   Hamilton,    Ont. 

Sprinkler  equipment,  Canadian  General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.. 
Toronto. 

Terra  cotta   (Federal  brand).   .lohn    Lindsay.  Toronto. 

Varnish,    Glidden  Varnish    Co.,   Toronto. 

Water  tank,  Chicago  Bridge  and   Iron  Co..  Chicago.  III. 

Contractors  (general),  H.   G.  Chrlstman  Co..   Hamilton,  Ont. 

NATIONAL  CASH   REGISTER  CO.,  TORONTO. 
Architects,    Page    &    Warrington.    Toronto 
Rollers,  Goldie-McCulloch   Co..    Ltd..   (Jalt 
Brick,   Port  Credit  Brick  Co..  Toronto. 
Casements,   Henry   Hope    &    Sons,   Toronto, 
Chimneys,  Custodis  Canadian  Co.,  Tor' > 'c 

Consulting  structural  engineers,  James.  Loudon  &  Hertzberg, 
Toronto, 


Consulting   healing  engineers,   Xygren,   Tenny   &   Ohmes. 

Elevators,    Otis-Fensom    JClevator    Co.,    Toronto. 

t  ire  doors,  A.  B.   Ormsby  Co.,  Toronto. 

Mre  escapes  and  ornamental  iron,  Eberhard-Wood  Co.,  Toronto. 

Flooring.    Seaman    Kent   Co.,    Meaford. 

Hardware.    Canada   Hardware   Co.,    Toronto. 

Interior  woodwork,    Beverley    Wood   Specialty   Co.,   Toronto. 

Marble  and   tile,   Canada  ijllass  Mantel  and  Tile  Co.,   Toronto. 

Painting,  J.  J.  O'Hearn  &  Sons,   Toronto. 

Plumbing,   Toronto  Furnace  and  Crematory  Co.,  Toronto. 

Plumbing  fixtures,  Cluff  Bros.,   Toronto. 

Plaster  work,  Taylor  &  Nesbit,  Toronto. 

Radiators,    Dominion  Radiator   Co.,    Toronto. 

Sprinkler    equipment,    Keiths,    Ltd..    Toronto. 

Stone,    Cement    Products,    Ltd.,    Toronto. 

Steel  sash.   Steel  and  Radiation  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Structural   iron   and   steel,    McGregor   &    Melntyre   Co.,    Toronto. 

Ventilation   e   uipnient.    Sheldons.    Ltd..   Gail. 

Contractors    (general),   Jackson-Lewis  Co.,    Ltd.,    Toronto. 


Mccormick   manufacturing  co. 

.Architects,    Watt   &    Biackwell,    London,    Ont. 

Brick,   Chatham   Brick  Co.,   Cnatham,  Ont. 

Boilers,   Leonard  &   Sons,   i^ondon,   Ont. 

Consulting  Engineer,  H.  P.  Elliott,  London.  Ont. 

Casements,  Trussed  Steel  Concrete  Co..   Walkerville,  Ont. 

Chimneys,   Custodis  Canadian   Co.,    Toronto. 

Chimne.vs,  Webei"  Chimney  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

Electric   fixtures,   Geo.  J.    Beattie,   Toronto. 

Electric    Fixtures,   Crouse-Hinds  (Jo.   of  Canada.   Toronto. 

lOlectric   Wiring,   etc..   Westingohuse  Co.  of  Canada.    Hamilton. 

Electric  Conveyors,   Thos.    L.    Green   Co..   Cincinnati,   (Jliio. 

Electric  Conveyors,  Canadian  Mathews  Co.,  Toronto. 

Elevators,    Otis-Fensom   Elevator  Co..    Toronto. 

Fire  Doors,  Richards  &  Wilcox,   London.  Ont. 

Fii-e  Lioors,  Meeker  &  Co.,  New  York  Cit.\'. 

Fire  I'roof  Partitions.  Alabastine  Co.,   Paris.   Ont. 

Fire  Extinguisners,  General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co..  Toronto. 

Flooring,    Wm.   Leslie   Co.,    Boston,    .Mass. 

Heating  Specialties.   Darling   Bros.,   Montreal,  Que. 

Interioi-  Fittings,  Canada  Office  &   Desk  Co.,  London,   Ont. 

Lockers.  Denis  Wire  &  Iron  ('o.,  London,  Ont. 

Overhead  Conveyors,  Herbert  Morris  Crane  &  Holt  Co.,  Toronto, 

Ovens.    Walter-   Baker  (Jo.,   .New   York  City. 

I'aints,    Kiandham-Henderson  t'o.,  Montreal,  Que. 

Plumbing  Fixtures.   Empire  Manut'actur-ing  Co.,  London,  (^nt. 

i'ipe  Covering,  H.   W.  Johns-Manville  Co.,  Toronto. 

Rooting.  D.   H.   Howden,  London,  Ont. 

Stokers.  Mur-jihy  iron   \Vorks.  Detroit,  Mich. 

Structural  Iron.  Sarnia  Bridge  Co..  Sarnia,  Ont. 

Terra  Cotta,  N.  \.  .\ichitectural  Terra  Cotta  Co..  New  Y'ork  Citv, 

Temperature  Regulators.   Power  Regulator  Co..  Toronto. 


northern   ELECTRIC  CO.,   LTD.,  MONTREAL, 

.\rcliitect.    W.   .1.   i^armichael,    Monti>eal. 

Artesian  wells,    Wallace  Bell  Co.,  Ltd.,  Montreal. 

Brick,   Laprairie   Brick   Co.,    Montreal. 

Boilers,  Babcock  &  Wilcox,  Ltd.,  Montreal. 

Carpets  and  rugs,  Henry  Morgan  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  Moatreal. 

Casements  (office),  Henry  Hope  &  Sons,  Peterboro,  Ont.;  (fac- 
tory). Trussed  Concrete  Steel  Co.,  Montreal. 

Chimneys,  Custodis  Canadian  Co.,    ioronto. 

Conveyors   (ash),   Jeffrey  Manufacturing  Co..   Montreal. 

Conveyors  (coal).   Brown  Hoisting  Machinery  Co.,   Montreal. 

Electric  wiring  and  apparatus,  Northern  Electric  Co.,  Montreal. 

Elevators.    Otis-Fensuio    lOievaioi    Co..    'loronio. 

Fire   doors,    .Architectural   Bronze  and   Iron   Works,    Toronto. 

Flooring  (wood),  Siemons  Bros.,  Wiarton,  Ont.;  (Grueky  tile), 
G.  R.  Locker  (Jo.,  Montreal;  (Welsh  quarry  tile),  Robert  Reid, 
Montreal. 

Glass,   Pilkington  Bros.,   Ltd..   Montreal. 

Hardware    (Corbin   brand).   Lariviere  Incorporee,   Montreal. 

Paint  (RI.W.  brand),  Dai-tnell,  Ltd.,  Montreal. 

Plumbing,  Garth  Co.,  Montreal. 

I^iping    (underground),    James   Ballantyne,    Montreal. 

Power  machinery  (air-  compressor's).  Canadian'  Ingersoll  Rand 
Co.,  Ltd.,  Montreal;  (pumps).  Peacock  Bros.,  Montreal; 
(pumps),    Alberger   Pump   and    Condenser-   Co.,    Montreal. 

Radiators,    American    Radiator    Co.,    Brantfor-d.    Ont. 

Roofing  (Barrett  brand).  Metal  Shingle  and  Siding  Co.,  Montreal. 

Sprinkler  equipment.    H.    G.   Vogel    Co.,    Ltd.,    Montreal. 

Structural  iron  and  steel.  Dominion  Bridge  Co.,  Dominion  Sta- 
tion. Lachine.  Que. 

Stairs.   .John  Watson  &   Sons,   Montr-eal. 

Terra  cotta.  National  Fire  Pi-ooiing  Co.,  Mo^real;  Atlantic 
Terra   Cotta   Co.,    New    York    City. 

Woodwork  (interior).  XT.  Pauze  &  Fils  Co.,  Montreal:  W.  Ruth- 
erford  &   Son.    ^fontreal. 

D.    O.    ROBLIN    WAREHOUSE. 

.Architect.    Eden    Smith    and    Sons. 

Boiler.    Kewanee   Tubular.    Dominion    Radiator-   Co..    Toronto. 
Casements.    Henty    Hope   &    Sons.   Toronto. 
Electric  wiring.  Windeler  Bros,.   Tor-onto, 
Elevator's  and   hoists.   Turnbull   Elevator  Co..   Toronto, 
Fir-e  doors,   Douglas  Bi-os,.   Toi-onto, 

Hardware,    .\ikenhead   Hardwai-e  Co..   Toronto.  , 

Heating.   Jos,    Harrison    H;   Co..    Toronto. 
Plumbing.    B.   AVillett.    Toronto. 
Contractors   (general).    Jennings   &   Ross.   Toi-onto. 


MARKET  FOR  PLUMBING  AND  HEATING  APPARATUS. 
I'.S.  Consul-(iener'al  Edwin  S,  Cunningham.  Hankow.  (.Miina, 
In  a  i-ecent  report  stated  that  there  was  only  thr-ee  building.s 
in  that  cit.v  in  which  modern  heating  was  installed,  and  that 
ownei-s  of  many  old  buildings  would  be  glad  to  install  heating 
and  plumbing  if  convinced  that  it  could  be  done  in  a  satlsfac- 
tor-y  manner.  Mr.  Cunningham  suggests  that  firms  desirit\p- 
this  business  should  not  only  establish  an  ageiicv,  but  should 
emj)loy  competent  European  help  for  the  purpose  of  makin'g 
the  installations  in  such  a  manner  that  they  would  he  efficient, 
.A  list  of  buildings  is  given  by  a  firm  of  architects  in  which  it 
is  believed  heating  could  be  Installed  If  the  matter  were  pr-operly 
presented.  The  oHlcials  of  the  British  Municipal  ouncil  Build- 
ing are  considering  the  installation  of  new  sanitaton.  on  which 
tenders  have   been   invited. 


136 


CONSTRUCTION 


PERSONALS. 

l,leut.-Col.  Albruchlseii,  architect,  of  Prliiue  Albert,  Sask.,  !■ 
to  raise  a   bitltullun  of  .HcuiidlnavlanH  in   Western  Canada. 

Oeorge  T.  Kvans,  iirchltoct,  of  Hamilton,  Ont.,  has  received 
a  ooninilaslon  In  the  C.A.S.C,  and  will  go  to  Quebec  to  (juallfy. 

Colonel  Stewart,  of  the  iiSth  Machine  Gun  Battery,  now  on 
active  service,  Is  the  senior  member  of  Stewart  &  Wltton, 
architects,  of  Hamilton. 

.Mr.  Ceorne  Heverley,  of  the  Heverley  Wood  Specialty  Co., 
Toriintii.  Ims  fnllsted  lor  active  service  with  the  ITUtli  Hattalliin, 
and  IS  now  In   training. 

I.leut.-Col,  Charles  H.  MItchell.C.  K.  M.  Can.  8oc.  C.K.,  To- 
ronto, has  received  from  the  French  Oovernment  the  ofllcer's 
cross  of  the  Legion  of  Honor. 

An  adtliesH  was  given  before  a  good  attendance  of  the  Uulld- 
ing  K.xchaiige  by  Lieutenant  Keith,  of  the  170th  llattallon,  who 
spoke  on  recruliliiK.  after  which  the  Kxchange  went  on  record 
as  favoring  registration  of  Canadian  manhood  eligible  for 
military  service  in  the  Interests  of  all  concerned.  The  Kx- 
change  desires  the  co-operallng  of  the  Hoard  of  Trade  and  the 
Manufacturers'  and  Kmployeers'  Association  In  efforts  to  assist 
recruiting. 

Following  the  example  set  by  !>.  i-'orbes  Keith,  V'Ice-l'resldent 
of  Keiths  Limited,  who  is  now  Major  of  the  75th  Battalion,  and 
G.  .Man  Keith,  Secretary  of  the  company,  who  is  a  captain  In 
the  170th  Hattallon,  the  following  employees  have  enlisted  for 
overseas  service:  T.  Froud,  A.  Collins,  T.  Roberts,  J.  Murray, 
H.  Honeycombe,  W.  Honeycombe,  H.  Cockcroft,  J.  Sherry,  H. 
Lees,  F,  Marks,  1'.  J  ewer,  G.  Clarke,  J.  Dwan,  F.  Spain,  E.  H. 
Houldcroft,  1).  Adams,  A.  Chapman,  .\.  Kvery,  F.  J.  I'earse,  W. 
Uavis.  W.  Gray.  M.  O'Hearn,  A.  Clarke,  J.  King,  N.  Moore, 
H.  Clifton,  J.  C.  Salvaneschl,  A.  Wilson,  S.  Kverett,  H.  Everett, 
W.  Sterry,  II.  Gray,  F.  Coimack,  F.  Harrison,  W.  Brown,  8. 
Klchardson.  .1.  JJent. 

Lieut  Hugh  Heaton,  son  of  Ernest  Heaton,  1S5  Balmoral 
avenue,  prior  to  the  war,  was  a  student  in  the  School  of 
I'ractlcal  Science  in  the  lill6  class,  and  was  serving  his 
apprenticeship  in  the  office  of  Mr.  F.  S.  Baker.  In  May,  1914, 
he  went  to  England  to  Join  Martin  Baldwin,  of  the  office  of 
Spioatt  &  Rolph,  and  the  two  spent  the  early  summer  on  a 
bicycle  trip  throughout  England,  sketching  and  studying 
architecture.  On  the  day  war  broke  out  they  were  both  In 
London  and  immediately  enlisted  as  privates  in  the  King 
Edward  Horse.  Early  in  1915  Heaton  obtained  his  commission 
in  the  8th  Battalian  King's  Own  Uoyal  Lancaster  Regiment  and 
Martin  Baldwin  obtained  his  commission  in  the  9th  Lancashire 
Regiment,  which  is  now  at  Salonica.  i,ast  September  Lieut. 
Heiiton  went  over  to  France  and  since  then  he  has  been 
stationed  near  Ypres.  News  has  Just  been  received  giving 
particulars  of  his  wounding  at  the  Ypres  Salient.  His  Battalion, 
after  a  long  stay  in  the  international  trenches,  had  been  re- 
lieved, and  during  their  absence  the  relieving  battalion  lost  the 
trenches.  On  their  return  the  King's  Own  decided  to  retake 
the  trenches  and  it  was  during  these  operations,  on  the  3rd 
March,  that  Lieut,  Heaton  was  wounded.  He  was  in  command 
of  a  machine  gun  section.  A  memorandum  has  been  received 
from  a  Tommy,  who  saw  him  fall.  He  says  that  he  was  on  the 
edge  of  a  dyke  and  fell,  badly  wounded,  into  water,  which  was 
knee  deep.  He  offered  to  help  him,  but  Heaton  refused  to  allow 
him  to  remain  and  sent  him  on,  fearing  that  the  gun  section 
was  being  cut  off.  He  reported  the  accident,  and  Lieut.  Heaton 
was  taken  to  the  Relieving  Station  at  Abelle.  He  was  badly 
wounded  by  several  bullets  across  the  stomach,  in  the  buttocks 
and  in  the  left  arm,  the  elbow  of  which  is  fractured.  For  his 
conduct  in  these  operations  he  has  been  awarded  the  Military 
Cross.  For  ten  days  he  was  reported  by  the  War  Office  to  be 
daily  Improving. 


SUB-LIEUT.    FliED   AKMSTKONG. 

Sub-Lieut.  Fred  .Armstrong,  a  young  Toronto  aviator,  now 
with  the  Royal  Naval  .\viation  Corps  stationed  at  Chlngford. 
Essex,  England.  He  received  training  at  Toronto  Island  and 
Long  Branch  last  year,  and  later  left  for  England,  where  he 
is  now  finishing  his  course.  He  is  a  son  of  Mr.  Fred  Arm- 
strong, of  the  Fred  Armstrong  Co.,  a  prominent  plumbing,  heat- 
ing and  electrical  contracting  concern  of  this  city. 

A  complimentary  dinner  was  tendered  Lieut. -Col.  S.  G. 
Becket  and  officers  of  the  Seventy-fifth  Battalion  in  the  Carls- 
Rite  Hotel,  March  23rd.  by  the  City  of  Toronto,  at  which  Mayor 
Church  presided.  Many  congratulatory  addresses  were  made  on 
the  splendid  and  successful  efforts  of  the  guests  of  the  evening 
in  raising  the  battalion  strength  in  record  time.  The  Seventy- 
fifth  Is  one  of  the  senior  regiments,  and  is  due  to  leave  Toronto 
very  shortly. 

The  death  occurred  on  April  4th  of  H.  N.  Dancy,  President 
and  Managing  Director  of  H.  N.  Dancy  &  Son,  Limited,  at  his 
residence,  53  Ellis  avenue.  Swansea.  Mr.  Dancy  had  been  for 
man.v  years  identified  with  the  building  trade  of  Toronto  as  a 
mason  contractor,  and  had  to  his  credit  many  of  the  city's  best 
buildlng.s,  including  the  new  Wyclifte  College.  Hospital  Ad- 
ministration Building  and  Knox  College,  Coming  to  Canada 
from  England  in  1846,  Mr,  Dancy  had  continued  to  reside  here 
and  built  ui)  the  business  which  bears  his  name.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Trade  and  the  Toronto  Builders'  Ex- 
change. 

«  ♦  • 

PUBLICITY   CAIVIPAIGN    PROPOSED    FOR   TORONTO. 
The  Board  of  Control  has  authorized   the  Mayor  to  arrange 
a  conference  for  the  purpose  of  reporting  on  a  publicity  cam- 
paign  to   obtain    more   industries  and   extend   the   trade  of  the 
city,  which,  in  Mayor  Church's  opinion,  has  great  possibilities. 


BUSINESS    DEPENDS    ON    FARMERS'    PROSPERITY. 

Speaking  at  a  dinner  in  the  Ontario  Club,  Henry  Detchon, 
general  manager  of  the  Canadian  Credit  Men's  Association, 
stated:  "There  is  one  thing  that  this  war  has  shown  us,  and 
that  is  that  our  country's  business  depends  on  the  prosperity 
of  the  farmer.  Banks  and  loan  companies  in  the  West  have 
come  to  a  realization  of  this,  too,  and  a  policy  is  being  adopted 
whereby  more  cheap  money  would  be  available  to  the  farmer." 


I.IKIT.     Hr(;H     HKATON. 


ARCHITECT    OF    TWO    PROMINENT    BUILDINGS. 

Writing  to  the  London  "Times,"  Mr.  Vesey  Knox  gives  the 
following  information,  which  is  of  interest  on  account  of  the 
recent  destruction  of  the  Canadian  Parliament  Building:  "It  is 
curious  that  two  of  the  finest  buildings  in  the  New  World 
should  both  have  been  designed  by  the  same  architect  and 
should  both  have  been  burnt  down.  Thomas  Fuller  was  an 
Englishman,  born  at  Bath,  who  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1857. 
His  design  for  the  Parliament  Building  at  Ottawa  was  accepted 
in  competition  in  1857.  In  1867  his  design  (Jointly  with  Augustus 
leaver)  for  the  Capitol  at  Albany  was  accepted — also  in  com- 
petition. It  would  be  difficult  to  imagine  two  buildings  more 
unlike  than  the  lavish  structure  which  overlooked  the  Hudson, 
and  the  severe  and  simple  building  on  an  even  finer  site  by  the 
Ottawa.  But  both  had  great  merits  and  it  seems  a  little 
strange  that  this  Thomas  Fuller's  name  is  not  to  be  found  in 
the  Dictionar.N'  of  National   Biography," 


CONSTRUCTION 


137 


PARLIAMENT   BUILDINGS   PLANS  ARE    EXHIBITED. 

Draft  plans  of  the  remodelled  Parliaiiieiit  Buildings  liave 
been  completed  by  the  architects  in  chaige,  .Messrs.  Pearson  of 
Toronto  and  Marchand  of  Montreal.  They  have  been  at  work 
steadily  since  the  week  following  the  fire,  and  to-day  the  re- 
sultant plans  and  profiles  of  the  exterior  and  interior  of  the 
remodelled  building  were  exhibited  to  the  members  of  Parlia- 
ment in  the  office  of  the  Minister  of  I'ublic  Works,  at  the  new 
temporary  House  of  I'arliament.  The  plans  are,  of  cour.se,  more 
or  less  tenative,  and  have  yet  to  receive  the  formal  endorsa- 
tion  of  the  Cabinet  and  of  I'arliament,  but  it  is  probable  that 
they  will  be  carried  out  substantially  without  alteration.  No 
definite  estimate  has  yet  been  made  as  to  cost,  but  it  will 
probably  be  in  the  neighborhood  of  $1,500,000,  and  it  will  prob- 
ably require  about  a  year  and  a  half  to  carry  out  the  work. 
Pajrliament  will  meet  again  next  session  in  its  present  quarters. 
Present  Scheme  Preserved. 

The  main  features  of  the  new  plans  are  the  preservation  of 
the  present  architectural  scheme  of  the  whole  front  elevation 
as  it  now  stands,  the  tearing  down  of  the  new  west  wing,  which 
was  undamaged  by  fire,  but  which  did  not  preserve  the  original 
architectural  harmony  of  the  whole  building;  the  construction 
of  a  new  rear  elevation  following  the  lines  of  the  original 
architectural  scheme,  but  with  a  three-stop>'  elevation  corres- 
ponding to  the  front;  the  construction  of  chambers  for  the 
Commons  and  Senate  at  tlie  west  and  east  sides  respectively, 
of  the  building,  instead  of  in  the  centre,  as  was  the  case  before 
the  fire;  a  rearrangement  of  the  office  si>ace  in  the  interior, 
which  will  give  38  per  cent,  increased  accommodation  without 
sacrificing  light  or  ventilation,  and  a  main  entrance  hall  and 
Court  of  Fame  extending  from  the  main  entrance  beneath  the 
central  tower  clear  through  to  the  Library  in  the  rear.  This 
latter  wide  cori'idor  will  give  a  much  more  imposing  vista  on 
entering,  and  will  afford  opportunity  for  a  national  gallery  of 
statesmen  in  oils  and  in  marble  or  bronze. 

A  Harmonious  Architecture. 

Externally,  the  new  plans  will  provide  for  a  harmonious 
architecture  throughout.  The  front  part  of  the  building,  as  it 
stands  at  present  with  the  walls  intact,  will  be  unchanged.  The 
west  wing,  including  the  half-million-dollar  addition  built  in 
1909-10,  will  be  almost  completely  replaced  by  a  three-story 
wing  following  the  lines  of  the  original  design,  and  eliminating 
the  extra  story  which  was  put  on,  and  which  was  out  of  keep- 
ing with  the  rest  of  the  building.  Where  the  Speaker's  quarters 
were  there  will  be  a  three-story  instead  of  a  two-story  elevation 
on  the  Commons  as  well  as  on  the  Senate  side. 
New  Commons  Wing. 

The  new  Commons  chamber  will  occupy  practically  the  whole 
of  the  new  west  wing.  It  will  be  considerably  larger  than  the 
former  chamber,  being  102  x  63,  and  providing  ample  space  for 
some  320  members.  The  Speaker's  chair,  instead  of  being  in 
the  centre  of  the  west  side  as  in  the  old  chamber,  will  be  at  the 
north  end,  and  the  gallery  seating  will  be  much  better  arranged, 
both  in  regard  to  acoustics  and  in  regard  to  accommodation 
for  a  much  larger  number  of  spectators. 

The  members'  lobby  and  Postofflce  will  be  along  the  front 
of  the  building,  with  a  big  lounging  and  smoking  room  running 
along  the  ground  floor  on  the  west  side  of  the  Commons  cham- 
ber Committee  rooms  and  reading  rooms  will  be  situated  on 
each  side  of  the  main  entrance  back  of  the  Library. 
The  Senate  Side. 

On  the  Senate  side  the  new  chamber  will  be  at  the  extreme 
east  end.  following  the  same  line  as  the  Commons  chamber  but 
somewhat  smaller.  Fire-proof  construction  and  an  adequate 
system  of  ventilation  are  being  provided  for. 

The  plans  will  be  gone  over  carefully  by  a  committee  of  the 
House  representing  both  sides  before  they  are  finally  approvied 
It  IS  expected  that  the  work  of  reconstruction  will  be  begun 
this  spring.  * 


ANNUAL      MEETING     OF     THE      ROYAL     ARCHITECTURAL 
INSTITUTE    OF    CANADA. 

n„7?f  *"",',"?;'  '"ef''."e  of  the  Royal  .A.rchitectural  Institute  of 
Canada  will  be  held  in  the  rooms  of  the  Provincial  Association. 
96  King  street  west,  Toronto,  on  April  22.  1916,  when  election 
of  officers  for  the  ensuing  year  will  take  place 


CANADIAN    BANKING    SYSTEM    SOUND. 

.h/ci„^7''°">,"'^,""''''"  '■e<^''"tly  contained  an  appreciation  of 
the    Canadian    banking   system.      Commenting   at    some    length 

is  •■larUll  dL  t**  .'i?**  Dominion's  strong  financial  condition 
svstem^«nd  f,.^  *"  *''^  soundness  of  the  Canadian  banking 
prfsl™  successful   combination  of  prudence  and   enter- 


LUMBER  TRADE  ACTIVE. 
„  ..?*5^^''*."  '""''i?'"  companies  are  doing  a  large  export  trade 
The  m^'rke?  t""  ^^^"''^-  P'^'-tj^u'a'-'y  i"  «P'"ce.  Early  last  yea? 
rafe,  W  ,h«"*  demorahzed  by  the  big  advance  in  freight 
change  1^,  the  t^^n^^'".",*'''  .<*<""«"'!  h«s  resulted  in  an  entire 
.^n?J,„    „Ji„  "'"^   °'   prices,    so   that   whereas    early   in    1915 

mm.«Hon«  «L'"''P  '•epeding  as  freight  rates  increased,  now 
Co?mnhl»  In^i  '"'^a"'-'"'?.  h.v  leaps  and  bounds.  The  British 
perl","  m^mryTearr'"'"'''''   "'"   ""^"^'"*   '""^   ""^^   profitable 

MARKET  FOR  DOUGLAS  FIR  IN  INDIA. 
S  Jnio*^  oommunication  to  the  Department.  Mi-.  H.  Tl.  MacMillan, 
h,.nSi  (.  „  *  <  ommissioner,  .states  that  a  I'.ombay  lumber 
»  r»  «J^  f  ■'■  '•««"■«"«  "f  opening  up  connections  with  a  suit- 
able tlrrn  of  exporters  of  Douglas  fir.  They  would  prefer  to  deal 
whn  til^'V  "L  ^"""'je™  rather  than  with  saw-mills.  This  firm. 
Tre  Imnowo,,,  *,  **"'  '."  "'"''^  ^^^^  Canadian  sources  of  supply. 
Cnver^^.n?  f  'TP'^'e™  and  do  a  great  deal  of  railroad  and 
Government  business  throughout  India.  Financial  references 
can  be  given  and  aj.  Inquirer  may  secure  inform  tin  alto  their 
flnanclal  standing  from  the  National  Hank  of  India.  Canadian^ 
rbtaiir?LHt»^l*''^".'*",';"  •"'P«'''"S  ''"'her  to  this  market  may 
?^fl  r  "^T^  "'}''  a'lf'ress  of  the  firm  in  question  bv  applying 
File  No.   .t-m""        "'      '■•'""'    '""'    Commerce.    Ottawa.      (Refe? 


SANGUINE   STRATFORD. 

Reference  to  the  large  number  of  new  houses  and  additions 
to  the  many  manufacturing  plants  proposed  or  now  undei 
way  in  Stratford,  would  indicate  the  present  as  a  year  of 
activity  in  this  city,  which  is  one  of  the  busiest  manufacturing 
centres  in  Canada, 


TORONTO    GROWS. 

The  Might  Directories,  in  their  review  of  1915,  estimate  the 
population  of  Toronto  to  be  544,456.  The  city  contains  100,825 
buildings  of  all  varieties,  situated  on  some  1,740  streets.  The 
earnings  of  Toronto  post  office  for  the  year  were  $2,905,391,  as 
compared  with  Montreal's  $1,590,395. 


CANADA'S  PROSPERITY. 

Experts  assert  (says  a  cablegram  received  bv  the  High 
Commissioner's  Oflice  from  the  Minister  of  the  Interior,  Ot- 
tawa) that  Canada  is  on  the  threshold  of  perhaps  the  most 
prosperous  era  in  her  history.  Promjit  payments  of  interest  on 
mortgages  reflect  prosperity.  The  unprecedented  value  of  the 
factories  working  on  munitions  of  war,  has  suddenlv  brought 
farm  jiroducts  for  1!»15,  as  well  as  the  very  large  "output  of 
the  Dominion  into  a  financial  position  scarcely  hoped  for  as  a 
nation  for  years  to  come.  Sir  Robert  Borden  is  the  authority 
for  the  statement  that  there  is  less  unemployment  in  Canada 
now  than  a  year  ago. 

Labor  conditions  in  Canada  during  December  showed  little 
change  from  those  of  November,  though  in  some  localities  the 
last  few  weeks  of  the  month  were  quiet  owing  to  a  number  of 
factories  closing  down  for  the  usual  year-end  repairs  and  stock- 
taking, says  the  official  "Labor  Gazette"  for  January,  just  re- 
ceived from  Ottawa. 

"On  the  whole,  labor  was  well  employed.  Whilst  there  was 
a  falling  off  in  opportunities  of  employment  in  some  districts 
due  to  the  interruption  of  certain  outside  operations  by  the 
usual  cold  weather,  this  falling  off  was  offset  in  some  districts 
by  other  opportunities  of  employment.  There  was  little  in  the 
way  of  unemployment,  except  in  some  parts  of  the  West  and  in 
British  Columbia;  and  even  in  localities  where  unemployment 
was  reported  the  number  out  of  work  was  much  lower  that  at 
the  same  time  last  year. 

"In  parts  of  the  country  the  weather  continued  fairl\ 
mild,  and  building  operations  were  proceeded  with  to  a  con- 
siderable extent;  and  even  in  parts  where  severe  winter 
weather  set  in,  some  outside  building  and  interior  work  was 
carried  on.  A  fair  amount  of  business  activity  was  reported 
from  some  country  districts  in  the  West  where  farmers  were 
erecting  houses  and  barns.  Lumbering  operations  continued 
fairly  brisk,  with  dullness  in  a  few  quarters.  Activity  in  mining 
both  coal  and  metalliferous,  continued.  JIanufacturing  estab- 
lishments were  fairly  busy  in  general  lines.  In  some  special 
branches  exceptional  activity  prevailed." 


LOGIC    IN    ARCHITECTURE. 

Mr.  Harry  Gill,  M.g.A.,  the  President  of  the  Nottingham  and 
Derby  Architectural  Society,  in  his  address  to  the  members 
expressed  the  view  that  the  Gothic  revival  was  a  mistake  be- 
cause it  revived  the  outward  forms  without  having  grasped  the 
inward   spirit. 

Of  how  many  modern  buildings  of  an  ecclesiastical  character 
more  particularly  those  which  might  be  classified  as  typical  of 
Nonconformist  architecture,  might  it  not  be  said  "our  church  at 
the  front  is  as  fine  as  an  abbey,  but  seen  from  the  rear  'tis  re- 
markably   shabby." 

He  points  out  the  inconsistency  of  the  practice  of  providing 
Gothic  niches  and  leaving  them  vacant,  and  humorously  sug- 
gets  that  after  the  war  they  might  be  made  commemorative  by 
placing  in  them  representations  of  leading  statesmen  distribut- 
ing rare  and  refreshing  fruit  to  the  English,  or  providing  iron 
rations  for  the  Gerin-huns,  much  as  the  saints  of  old  were  de- 
picted in  some  characteristic  act. 

Places  of  worship  are  nowadays  a  strange  study,  for  gener- 
ally speaking  the  more  logical  the  creed,  the  less  logical  the 
architecture,  whereas  it  should  be  vice  versa. 

His  advice  to  the  student  is  to  study  but  not  to  copy  Gothic 
architecture.  The  methods  of  construction  and  the  materials 
now  at  our  disposal  are  not  so  restricted  as  in  days  of  old 
Archaeology  should  not  be  made  a  fetish. — "Journal  Society  of 
Architects." 


Timber  Bulletins. — In  pursuance  of  the  policy  of  market  ex- 
pansion in  the  interests  of  the  lumber  industry,  undertaken  by 
the  Hon.  the  Minister  of  Lands  of  British  Columbia,  two  further 
bulletins,  prepared  for  the  information  of  lumber  consumers, 
have  recently  been  printed.  They  are  entitled,  "British  Colum- 
bia Douglas  Fir  Dimension,"  and  "British  Columbia  Western 
Soft  Pine,"  respectively.  The  former  publication  deals  with  the 
qualities  of  Douglas  fir  for  structural  purposes,  and  cannot  fail 
to  be  of  interest  to  architects,  contractors,  and  others.  The 
bulletin  is  well  illustrated,  the  claims  to  durability  being  sup- 
ported by  pertinent  references  to  such  buildings  as  the  Craig- 
flower  Farm  near  Victoria,  erected  in  1851,  and  the  Craigflower 
public  school,  built  in  1853,  Douglas  fir  having  been  used 
throughout  except  for  th  roof  of  red  cedar  shingles,  and  prac- 
tically no  parts  of  the  buildings  having  had  to  be  repaired. 
Modern  uses  of  Douglas  fir  for  structural  purposes  are  instanced 
by  reference  to  the  Arcade  building  on  Government  and  View 
streets.  Victoria,  erected  in  1915,  and  the  new  wharf  reception 
room,  C.P.R.  dock,  Vancouver.  Another  striking  reference  is  to 
the  Niagara  Gulch  trestle  on  the  Esquimalt  and  Nanaimo  Rail- 
way, built  in  1896.  Four  houndred  feet  long,  one  hundred  and 
twenty  feet  high,  and  on  a  ten  degree  curve,  containing  three- 
quarters  of  a  million  feet  of  Douglas  fir,  the  trestle  was  still  In 
excellent  condition  and  good  for  further  years  of  service  when 
it  was  abandoned  sixteen  years  later,  owing  to  the  alteration 
in  grade.  The  wood  known  variously  as  Western  soft  pine. 
Mountain  Western  pine,  Arizona  white  pine,  and  California 
white  pine,  is  de.scribed  in  a  similar  manner  in  the  publication 
"British  Columbia  Western  Soft  Pine."  This  pine,  which  is 
distributed  throughout  the  southern  interior  of  the  province,  is 
equal  in  working  and  finishing  qualities  to  the  well  known  East- 
ern white  pine,  and  is  now  being  sold  for  the  same  purposes  in 
the   same   markets. 


LW 


CONSTRUCT/ON 


REVIEW. 

Iliii'iiliiK  liii^l  I'M  l'>  lilt;  Ki'NH  Itotiiry  Oil  Uunicr  SytitLMii  Im 
illtiHlrtitfd  ami  (leHcnttud  in  a  chIuIukuu  juHt  rec-eiveU,  which 
MtattM  thai  Ihu  ii)aii>  inHlaiiatiunti  it)  'lui-oiilu  Hiul  oiMfWtiiM-t!  ur** 
ttiMiiK  i'tdiipifti-  KaUHiaction,  optTatiiii;  without  Hiiuikt*,  ai^heH, 
»niMl  (tr  tnnsf,  aial  showing  a  c'oiiHiut'ralut'  i^avltiK  iti  roMt  ol' 
opf latioii  an  rotiipartMl  with  coal,  'i'liiH  apparatus  huriiu  <'t'uao 
*ji'  rt'iiisf  i>il.  a  Hupt>l.v  of  which  1h  always  olitalnahic  lor  uclivt'i-y 
to  a  tank  iii«tiali>'  placed  uiKhTKrouiul,  either  within  or  without 
thr  liulUtlng,  and  in  dUpeiiMinK  witli  the  coal  pile,  lalioiiuuH 
haiKllihf;  ot  coal  and  iiMiies  Ih  eliiniiiated.  InHtitllatioiiH  can  tie 
inailc  III  any  boiler  or  furnace,  and  a  furtlier  advantage  in  this 
syHteni  Id  thai  in  mild  weather  the  opening  or  cUmlng  of  a 
valve  controls  the  iieat  desired  and  atTects  a  saving,  impossible 
wliere  coal  is  used.  The  Fvnt*  (^onipany,  121  t'arlton  street, 
Toronto,  will  be  glad  to  demonstrate  thtdr  system  In  operation 
and    to   furnish   estimates   and    specifications. 

The  Oranite  Concrete  Block  t'oiiipiiny  are  Issuiiig  a  new 
catalogue  descriptive  of  granite  venetied  cement  liullding  blocks 
of  various  kinds  as  manufactured  by  them.  This  product  iiro- 
vides  a  durable  and  iiandsonie  building  material  warm  In  winter 
and  cool  in  summer,  easily  handled  and  laid  ami  comparing 
favorably  with  other  materials  In  cost.  The  company  invite 
the  Inspection  ot  their  plant  and  muteiial  by  architects,  con- 
tractors, and  others  intereste<l  and  will  be  glad  to  furnish  In- 
formation as  to  the  many  buildings  where  tills  material  has 
lieen  the  satisfactory  material  used.  Formerly-  located  at  the 
corner  of  Voiige  and  St.  Clair  ave.,  the  expansion  of  their 
business  has  made  necessary  the  acquiring  ot  some  thirteen 
acres  of  laiul  on  Weston  Road,  where  a  new  jilant  has  been 
installed  and   provision  made  for  future  extension. 

The  \V.  K.  Clark  Company  liave  issued  a  catalogue  illustrat- 
ing ami  describing  the  specialties  manufactured  by  tiieiu  in 
V  aiiaua  lor  iiie  aitiomatic  control  ot  water  and  stt.'am  iieating 
piaiiiM.  iiie..^e  specialties  comprise  tile  Clark  .\ir  Ijiiie  Vaive, 
*.  larK  V'ai'uuiii  'trap  and  tlie  i:iark  ".NopacK"  tiradualed  Iniet 
\ui\*',  ail  ol  which  aic  of  merit  and  an  ailvantage  where  lieat- 
iiig  IS  reiiulre..,  as  explaineu  Hilly  in  this  iiookiut.  Ttie  Cliil-k 
i  eiiiperaiiire  i;oot.ter  as  usetl  on  hot  water  iieating  systems 
w.ii,  II  IS  ciaimeu,  not  t)nl.\'  remetiy  defective  installations,  but 
will  nmi(e  any  system  ol  hot  water  heating  iietter  by  increasiiig 
•  lie  circulation   with   i.o  e.\ira   luei  i.i)i.s.mipiioii. 

".More  Hot  VS'ater  lor  L.e8s  Gas  '  is  tlie  title  of  a  neat 
folder  issued  by  Tlie  James  Morrison  Jfrass  -uanuiactur.ng  v..^., 
i.,imited,  Toronto,  whicli  iiustrales  and  describes  at  leiiKlii  me 
^stack  Water  Heater  as  manulactured  by  this  company.  This 
neater  is  giiaraiileed  to  give  Mot  water  in  one  niimiti!  ironi  the 
t.iiie  of  iiKtitiiiK  the  gas,  aiRi  to  <-ontinue  same  as  long  as  the 
gas  is  used,  on  account  of  the  larger  copper  rauiating  surlaie 
which  is  placed  perpendicularly  in  the  heater  causing  the  Haine 
to  circle  around  the  tubes.  The  claim  is  maue  that  lor  tills 
rea.son  also  less  gas  is  required  per  gallon  ot  water  heated. 

The  Canadian  l.uuiiury  JUachinery  Co.,  l^td.,  Stirling  Koad, 
'i'oroato,  iiave  issued  for  distribution  to  architects  and  those 
Interested  an  extensive  and  well-prepared  catalogue  coveriii., 
the  wide  range  of  laundry  equipment  manufactured  by  them, 
as  illustrated  in  tiie  22li  pages  comprised  in  the  liook.  Detail 
urawiiigs  are  included  ,vvith  complete  (lescrlptions,  and  shoulu 
prove  a  ready  reference  when  tlie  equipment  of  the  laundry  is 
being  decideu  on.     In  writing  for  a  cop>'.  ask  tor  catalogje  "it.  " 

The  Canadian  Forestry  Association  have  issued  for  tree  dis- 
trihutioii  a  booklet  entitled  "Boy  Scouts'  Forest  Uook."  with 
(.lescriptive  matter  concerning  Canada's  forests,  tor  tile  iiurpose 
ot  interesting  the  youth  of  the  country  in  the  many  ana  varied 
trees  to  lie  found  here,  wltli  information  as  to  tile  preservation 
of  same. 

The  Powers  liegulator  Co.  have  issued  tor  distribution  to 
arcliitects  and  engineers  a  most  ingenious  device  for  calcu- 
lating the  si/.e  of  hot  water  tanks,  etc.  This  calculator  is  made 
of  good  quality  celluloid,  duralile,  and  convenient  in  size,  and 
will    lie    prized    liy    those    receiving   a   copy. 

The  Richards- Wilcox  Canadian  Co.,  Uimited.  of  London, 
Ont.,  have  issued  literature  illustrating  and  describing  the 
".Stewart"  l-;ie<tric  Door  Opener  and  Closer.  This  attachment 
is  a  time  and  lal)or-saver,  as  b>-  merely  pressing  a  liutton 
placed  in  any  part  of  a  building  the  doors  open  or  close  to  anj" 
degree  as  ma>-  lie  desired,  operated  b.\'  a  small  motor  placed 
overhead  and  out  of  the  way.  Puiilic  garages  will  find  tliis 
attachment  valuable  to  operate  the  doors  for  inconiing  and  out- 
going traffic  witliout  requiring  the  time  ot  the  attentlants  who 
are  at  times  luit  available,  and  thereb\-  cousin>i  delay  and 
congestion  ot  traffic.  The  illustration  herewith  shows  an  in- 
stallation of  tills  type,  the  doors  iieiiig  controlled  by  the  offlce 
clerk. 


fMira  Htarji  Pi/mi 


THE  COLE- 


ClOaoriirf 
G/a/rtt 


■OrossCo/) 


TRumon-dHomrfG /lErwo  OF  PM/f/rrG 


IMPROVEMENT     IN     STEAM     TRAP. 

The  acconipanyliig  cut  shows  a  new  system  of  packing  on 
trunlons  for  tilting  steam  traps  Invented  by  Ceo.  W.  Cole,  and 
used  by  his  comiiany  on  all  their  different  ty|>es  of  traps.  .Vote 
the  offset  In  bronze  trunion  where  packing  makes  a  joint  as 
well  as  the  long  sleeve,  and  forced  in  place  by  a  set  screw 
against  end  of  lnonze  gland  then  backed  off  making  tight  the 
lock  nut.  The  steam  pressure  keeps  It  tight  and  allows  same 
to  expand  without  causing  extra  friction.  By  the  use  of  the 
self-adjusting  packing  allows  them  to  place  a  counter  on  the 
trap,  therefore  registering  ail  the  water  returned  back  to  boiler, 
or  open  tank.  It  is  an  ideal  device  for  a  combined  metre  and 
trap  to  be  used  on  district  heating  plant. 


TECHNICAL    SOCIETIES. 

ALBKRTA  .\S.SOCl,\Tl(  ).\'  OF  .\RCI11TF,CTS.— Pregldent, 
.las.  A.  Hender.son.  F.R.I. .  H..S..  lOdmontoii;  Hon.  Secretary,  W. 
I).   Cromarly,    Kdmonton. 

.MlCHlTl'H'Tl'R.M.  INSTITUTK  OF  BRITI.SH  COl.U.MBIA. 
—President.  R.  .Ma<kay  Frlpp:  Secretary,  Fred  1.,.  Townley.  325 
Homer  St..  Vancouver,   B.C. 

C.AN.\DI.\N    CICMFNT    .\NI)    CONCRKTR    ASSOCIATION. - 


Ont.:    Secretary-Treasurer, 
roronto.   Ont. 

.MANl'FAtJTi'RKRS'     AS- 
ilamllton;   Secretary-Trea- 


KI.KCTlMc'Al.I.V    OI'KltATKll   GAIi.MlK    IKMIK. 


President.    Peter    Cillesple.    Toroiit 
Win.   .Snaltli,  The  Thor   Iron   Works, 
CANADI.XN     CI-AV     I'RODPCTS 
SOCIATION.  — President.   .1,    V..    Frid. 
surer,  O.  C.  Keith.  Toronto. 

CA.MADIAN  KM'X'TRICAL  ASSOC! ATION.— President,  Col. 
D.  R.  Street.  Ottawa.  Secretary,  Alan  Sullivan,  Confederation 
Mfe   Building.  Toronto. 

CANADl.V.N  FORKSTRV  ASSOCI.VTION'.— President.  Wil- 
liam Power.  .\1.P..  Secretary,  .lames  l..awler.  .lournal  Building, 
Ottawa. 

CANADIAN  GAS  ASSOCIATION.— President.  Arthur  Hewitt. 
General  Manager  Consumers'  Gas  Companv.  Toronto:  John 
Keillor.   Secretary-Treasurer.   Hamilton.   Ont.  ' 

CANADIAN  INDBPKNDKNT  TKLKPHONE  ASSOCIATION. 
^President.  W.  Doan,  M.D..  Harrletsvllle.  Ont.:  Secretary- 
Treasurer,   Francis   Dagger,   21   Richmond  street  West,   Toronto. 

CAN.kDlA.N'  INSTlTrTlC— IfIS  College  Street.  Toronto. 
President.  J.   B.  Tyrrell:  Secretary,  Mr.  J.  Patterson. 

CA.NADIAN  .NATIONAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  BUILDERS' 
EXCHANGES.— Western  Section— President,  C.  R.  Frost,  609 
Second  .St..  Edmonton,  .\lta.;  .Secretary-Treasurer.  .\.  M.  Frith, 
224  McDougall  Ave..  Winnipeg.  I'lastern  Section — President, 
Geo.  Gander.  Toronto:  Secretary-Treasurer.  P.  L.  Fraser,  Build- 
ers'  Exchange.   Toronto. 

CANADIAN  SOCIETY  OF  CIVIL  ENGINEERS.— President, 
G.  H.  Duggan,  Montreal:  Secretary,  Prof.  C.  H.  McI>eod,  Mont- 
real. 

LONDON  Bl'lLDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  A.  C.  Nobbs- 
.Secretary-Treasurer.   V.  S.   Barclay. 

ONTARIO  ASS0CI.\T10.V  HCILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— Presi- 
dent, T.  R.  Wright,  London.  Ont.:  1st  V'ice-Pres.,  C.  T.  Pearse, 
Hamilton;  2nd  Vlce-Pres..  .\.  Tomlinson.  Chatham:  Treasurer, 
(ieo.  Oakley.  Jr.,  Toronto:  Secretary,  \.  E.   Flower.  Toronto. 

.M.\NlTOBA  .\SS0CI.\T10.N'  OF  .\RCHITECTS.— President, 
Col.  J.  B.  Mitchell,  Wlnnl|>eg:  .Secretary-Treasurer,  R.  G.  Han- 
ford. 

MONTREAL  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  John 
i.iulnlan;  Secretary.  D.  K.  Trotter. 

O.NTARIO  ASSOCIATION  t)F  ARCHITECTS.- President.  C. 
H.  Acton  Bond.  Toronto:  Treasurer,  J.  P.  Hynes,  Toronto: 
secretary,  R.  L.  Wolsey,  Toronto. 

PROVINCE  OF  QUEBEC  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS. 
— President.  E.  B.  Staveley,  Quebec:  Treasurer,  N.  MacVlcar, 
Montreal:  Secretary,  J.  Emile  Vaiiier,  5  Beaver  Hall  Square, 
.Montreal. 

QUEBEC  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  J.  A.  Marier: 
Secretary-Treasurer.   Alt.  Cote. 

ROYAL  .VRCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  CANADA.— 
I  "resident.  H.  C.  Russell,  Winnipeg.  Man.;  Hon.  Secretary,  Al- 
cide  Chausse,  No.  5,  Beaver  Hall  Square,  Montreal,  Que. 

S.\SK.A.TCHEWAN  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— 
President,  W.  G.  VanEgmond,  Regina;  vice-presidents.  .A.  G. 
I'reighton,  Prince  Albert.  R.  M.  Thompson,  Saskatoon;  sec- 
tieasurer.  F.  W.  Knight,  care  of  Storey  &  VanEgmond,  Regina: 
Council,  Prof.  .\.  R.  Grelg,  Saskatoon.  R.  G.  Bunyard,  Moose 
Jaw.  H.  Cooper.   Saskatoon. 

SOCIETY  OF  CHE.MICAL  INDUSTRY.— Wallace  P.  Cohoe. 
Chairman:  -Alfred  Burton,  Toronto,  Secretary. 

TECHNICAL  SOCIETY  OF  PFITERBORO.- Bank  of  Com- 
merce Building.  Peterboro.  President.  N.  C.  Mills.  P.O.  Box 
: /!I5.  Peterborough,  Ont. 

TORONTO  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  S.  R. 
Hughes:  .Secretary,   A.  E.  Flower. 

UNION  OF  CANADl.AN  MIT.N'ICIPALITIES.— President,  T. 
L.  Church,  Mayor  of  Toronto.  Ont.:  Hon.  Secretary-Treasurer. 
W.  D.  Llghthall.  K.C.  Ex-Mavor  of  Westmount;  .\sst.  .Secretary, 
G.  S.  Wilson.  02  Coristine  Bldg..  Montreal. 


.,-^ 


May,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  5 


CONTENTS 

VANCOUVER'S    UNIQUE    HOTEL    141 

HOTEL      MACDONALD,      EDMONTON,      ALBERTA     149 

THE      ENGINEER     AND     STANDARDS     OF     BEAUTY    153 

SOME    ELEMENTS    OF    SMOKELESS    FURNACE    DESIGN     161 

EDITORIAL     165 

Canadian    Hotels 'Architects    and    EnKincers    in    Collaboration. 

ARCHITECTURAL    DIGEST    166 

CONSTRUCTION    NEWS    168 

Full    Page    Illustrations 

HOTEL  VANCOUVER.  VANCOUVER,  B.C 140 


H.   GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

GRAPHIC  ARTS  BLUG.,  TOROXTO,  CANADA 

BR.-\.NCH  HFFICKS 


MONTREAL 


NEW  YORK 


HOTEL  VANCOUVER,  VANCOUVER,  B.C. 


FRANCIS    S.    SWALES,    ARCHITECT. 


Vancouver's    Unique  Hotel 

The  Hotel  Beautiful  of  The  Canadian  Pacific  Railwav  at  Vancouver 


PIERCING  tlie  skyline  as  its  sixteen  stories 
soar  upwards  from  the  crest  of  tlio  (Jraii- 
ville  street  ineliiie.  the  new  Hotel  Vancouver,  tlie 
largest  building  in  Canada,  stands  an  architec- 
tural triumph  of  development  on  the  Pacific 
Coast.  The  palatial  building  is  an  indication  of 
what  Vancouver  lias  risen  to  be  and  what  slie  is 
expected  to  be;  proof  conclusive,  also,  of  tlie  en- 
ter])rise  of  the  com])any  operating  the  greatest 
transcontinental  railroad  on  the  American  con- 
tinent. The  hotel  is  the  central  edifice  dominat- 
ing a  fine  group  of  lofty  and  sid)stantial  build- 
ings—the Vancouver  Block,  the  ornate  Birks 
Building  and  the  massive  new  store  of  the  Hud- 
son's Bay  Company.  It  stands  ])re-eminent 
among  the  city's  sky- 
scrapers, now  becoming 
(piite  nmncrous.  During 
the  past  decade  Van- 
couver has  developed  a 
metropolitan  skyline 
which  is  the  pride  of 
residents,  and  which  im- 
mediately thrusts  itself 
upon  the  attention  of  the 
stranger  arriving  by 
sea,  as  the  boats  emerge 
from  the  Narrows  and 
enter  the  spacious  na- 
tural liarbor  of  Burrard 
Inlet.  Towering  above 
all  else  is  the  huge  hotel 
building,  a  monument  of 
optimism ;  atrifiequaint, 
perhajis,  in  architec- 
tural design,  it  is  beau- 
tiful indeed  in  its  en- 
tirety. The  design  is 
unique,  the  object  being 
to  give  all  tlie  rooms 
outside  ligiit.  With  seven  hundred  and  fifty  odd 
rooms,  this  was  quite  a  task,  but  from  the  photo 
it  will  be  seen  that  in  this  case  the  architect 
achieved  his  desire. 

Certain  features  in  connection  with  the  build- 
ing stand  out  with  prominence.  Thi-oughout  all. 
the  aim  lias  been  to  utilize  in  the  building,  as  far 
as  possible,  material  to  be  obtained  in  i^ritish 
(■olumbia,  or,  failing  that,  in  the  Dominion  or 
otlier  parts  of  the  British  Knipire.  The  line 
jfrade  of  pressed  rick  nsed  on  the  exterior  was 
maniifactured  at  Clayburn,  only  a  short  distance 
from  X'ancouver.  This  l)rick,  of  uiiich  a  huge 
(fuantity  was  needed,  is  declared  by  the  arciii- 
tect  to  be  ecpial   in  (|uality  to  the  best  Scotch 


ARCHITECTrUAI.    DKTAII,    OF    h'KllNT    KArADK,    HdTKL    VA.NCur VKK. 


brick,  acclaimed  the  world's  standard;  this 
statement  is  of  considerable  import  in  view  of 
the  fact  that  Mr.  Francis  S.  Swales,  the  archi- 
tect, has  had  prolific  exi)erience  in  building  in 
the  great  centres  of  the  world.  British  Columbia 
fir  and  cedar  is  used  in  the  upper  stories;  the 
structural  steel  for  the  fi-amework  was  supplied 
and  assembled  by  a  Vancouver  firm.  British 
Cohnnbia  granite  was  used  in  tlie  consti-uction 
of  the  basement  story.  Belgian,  Italian  and 
African  marbles  were  used  in  parts  of  the  in- 
terior, but  were  all  worked  in  the  city.  All  in- 
terior woodwork,  oak  and  mahogany,  in  the 
lower  stories,  was  executed  by  local  firms;  the 
kalameined  bronze  work  and  ))ractically  all  of 

the  electric  fixtures  were 
also  manufactured  in 
Vancouver.  In  brief,  it 
is  a  Made-in-Canada 
building  throughout, and 
is  striking  evidence  of 
what  can  be  achieved  in 
the  Dominion.  One  of 
the  best  views  of  the 
hotel  is  that  obtained 
from  the  Hudson  Bay 
store,  in  Granville 
street,  of  the  north-west 
corner.  From  this  van- 
tage i)oint  the  great 
height  and  massiveness 
of  the  building  are  very 
apparent,  while  its  vary- 
ing skyline  a])pears  to 
advantage.  Its  size 
alone  would  rendei-  it  im- 
pressive, but  the  archi- 
tect has  risen  to  his  oj)- 
portunities  and  has  skil- 
fully handled  its  large 
umsses  in  a  way  that  api>eals  to  the  aesthetic 
taste  of  the  obsei-ver.  Jointly  with  Lord 
Shaughiu'ssy,:  President  of  the  C.P.H.,  and  l\Ir. 
(Jeorge  M.  Bosworth,  the  Vice-President  in 
charge  of  the  Hotel  System,  credit  for  the  under- 
taking and  com]>letion  of  this  great  enterprise 
at  the  ])resent  time  of  financial  stringency  is  due 
to  Mr.  Richard  Maipole,  the  C.P.R.  executive  at 
V^ancouver. 

THK    MAIN    ENTRANCK    OF   THE    HOTEI.. 

Approacbing  the  hotel  from  Granville  street, 
one  sees  first  the  ade(]uate  carriage  entrance, 
Avith  a  nicel}^  curved  driveway.  This  entrance 
has  been  made    a   prominent    feature,  and  the 


141 


142 


CONSTRUCTION 


BALL   ROOM,    HOTEL  VANCOUVER,  VANCOUVER, 

wiiidowod  rooms  above,  treated  in  ornamental 
terra  cotta,  with  a  roof  of  red  Roman  tiles,  have 
enabled  the  arehiteot  to  introduce  a  pleasing 
variety  in  the  front  of  the  building.  The 
spacious  lobbies  leading  from  the  entrance  pre- 
sent vistas  of  an  imposing  character. 

THE  LOBBIES. 

The  first  impression  upon  entering  is  one  of 
soft  and  pleasing  color  harmony  on  walls,  floors 


KOTIM'A.    n(ITi;L    VANl-OIVKR,    VANCOUVER,    B.C. 


and  ceilings.  The  main 
lobby,  leading  to  the  ele- 
vators and  to  the  })an(piet 
hall,  oval  room  and  private 
dining  rooms,  is  the  piece 
lie  resistance  of  the  decor- 
ative scheme.  It  is  the 
hall  through  which  every 
gnest  must  i)ass  most  fre- 
(puMitly,  and  is  therefore 
ai)i)ropriateiy  the  most 
distinguished  ai)artment. 
AI)ove  a  low,  deep-toned 
marble  base,  oak  panelling 
extends  the  full  height  of 
the  first  storey  with  beau- 
tifully carved  cornice  and 
door  frame.  Surmounting 
all  is  a  groined  and  vault- 
ed ceiling,  richly  carved 
and  sculptured.  In  style 
the  decoration  is  absolute- 
ly original,  emanating 
from  the  fertile  brain  of 
■•  the  architect;  every  detail 

of  the  scheme  has  been  specially  designed  for  the 
Hotel  \'^an<'ouver. 

THE  ladies'  tea  BOOM. 

At  the  right  of  the  main  lobby  a  few  steps 
lead  to  the  shaded  precincts  of  the  large  palm 
room,  with  its  i)lentitude  of  occasional  tables 
and  chairs,  and  its  restful  air  of  (pxiet  and  re- 
pose. On  the  interior  side  of  the  corridor  is  a 
spacious  writiijg  room.  The  lobby  running  east 
and  west  is  wide  and  lofty ; 
to  the  right  is  the  main  of- 
fice and  accounting  depart- 
ment, while  on  the  left  is 
the  cigar  stand  and  news 
agent's  stall. 

COMMUNICATION    SERVICES. 

Behind  the  accounting 
(lei)artment  of  the  main 
office  are  a  number  of  tele- 
phone booths  for  the  use 
of  the  patrons,  with  a 
cable  and  marconigram 
receiving  station.  An  add- 
ed convenience  is  the  large 
ticket  office  occupying  the 
corner  of  Granville  and 
(leorgia  streets,  where 
railroad  and  steamship 
accommodation  may  be  re- 
served through  the  C.P. 
R. 's  own  staff. 

BANQUET   HALL. 

A    lofty    aud    spacious 


CONSTRUCTION 


143 


hall,  for  banquets,  etc., 
sixty-six  by  one  hundred 
and  twenty  feet  and  forty 
feet  hii;-]i,  richly  decorated 
and  fitted  for  use  as  a  con- 
vention hall,  forms  the 
central  room  to  the  left  of 
the  main  lobby.  This  is 
expected  to  be  of  great 
service  to  the  city  by  at- 
tracting a  number  of  con- 
ventions which  are  held 
every  year  at  different 
points  in  the  United  States 
and  Canada  on  the  Pacific 
coast.  The  bronze  bal- 
c(mies  at  the  mezzanine 
fioor  level  and  the  splendid 
decorative  glass  ceiling 
lights  and  chandeliers 
are  among  the  most  nota- 


ble    ornaments 
si)lendid  hotel. 


of     this 


THK    MANAGKRIAL   SANCTUM. 


OVAL    ROOMj    SHOWING     FINE    STAINED    OLASS    ROOF,     HOTEL.    VANCOUVER,    VANCOUVER,    B.C. 


A  feature  of  tlie  main  lobby,  with  its  com- 
fortable settees  and  usual  ap[)ointments  of  the 
foyer,  is  a  mezzanine  gallery  reached  by  massive 
staircases  from  either  side  of  the  entrance,  and 
finished  with  a  balustrade  over  which  one  can 
view  the  busy  scene  below.  Solidity  and  sim- 
l)licity  is  the  keynote  of  construction  liere,  and 
where  ornamentation  is  used  it  is  bold  and 
adequate. 

Off  the  east  gallery  open  the  suite  of  man- 
agerial offices,  where  W.  A.  Turquand  guides 
the  helm  and  conducts  the 
administration  and  oner- 
ous business  of  the  large 
hostelry,  with  its  accom- 
panying burden  of  cares 
and  responsibilities. 

THE  ROOF  GARDEN. 

The  visitor  is  still  further 
agreeably  impressed  if 
he  takes  one  of  the  many 
elevators  and  emerges 
amid  the  verdant  beauty 
of  the  roof  garden.  Two 
liundred  feet  above  tlie 
street  i)avement  the  tra- 
veller steps  out  of  the  ele- 
vator lobby  upon  the  tiled 
floor  of  the  garden— the 
flat  roof  of  the  liotel 
transfigured  by  gorgeous 
blo.ssoms,  and  funiished 
with  an  army  of  luxuri- 
ous armchairs.  Here  ivy 
grows      and     fragrant 


fiowers  l)loom  in  i)rofusion.  One  is  up  in  the 
air  indeed ;  looking  over  the  parapet,  the  city 
spreads  away  out  below  like  a  huge  map  in 
])erspective,  with  the  people  moving  on  the 
streets  below  reduced  to  pigmy  proportions. 
From  this  elevated  viewpoint  the  city  shows  to 
fine  advantage,  while  the  snow-crested  and  sun- 
lighted  mountains  to  the  north,  and  the  spark- 
ling waters  of  the  Ciulf  of  Georgia  to  the  west 
offei'  natural  vistas  picturesque  and  bewitching 
in  the  extreme. 


PRIVATE    DINING    ROOM,    HOTEL   VA.VCOUVER,   VANCOUVER,    B.C. 


144 


CONSTRUCTION 


MAIN    l.dlillV.    I KI.Mi    TIIWAIIDS    MAIN    ENTIiANCK, 

HdTEI.    VANCdrVKIi. 

I'lIK    IIOTKl/s  TOW KH INC   PROPORTIONS. 

Till'  gTcat  size  of  the  hotel  is  observed  from 
several  liireetioiis.  Tlie  ten  thousand  s(|narc 
yards  ()eeui)ied  by  its  nniin  block,  bounded  on 
three  sides  by  (iranville,  (leorj^ia  and  Howe 
streets,  would  eoinfortably  acconiniodate  a  .i>'ood 
many  fine  residences.  Uut  below  the  level  of 
the  main  floor,  and  extending'  towards  Robson 
street,  are  what  might  be  termed  tlie  manufac- 
turing- and  storage  departments.  Here  are  tlu' 
inmiense  boilers,  steam  engines,  etc.,  used  in  tlic 
electric  light  and  jxiwer  service  of  the  hotel. 
Here  also  is  the  I'efrigerafiug  macliinery,  turn- 
ing the  spai-Uliiig  ('ai>ilaiu)  water  into  frozen 
blocks  of  ice;  cooling  the  driidving  water  in  the 
pipes  to  the  rooms,  and  reducing  the  tempera- 
ture to  near  the  freezing  point  in  the  fifty  rooms 
where  food  supplies  arrive  and  depart.  Also  on 
this  level  are  the  spotless  and  commodious 
kitchens,  fitted  with  the  largest  cooking  range 
in  the  world,  ami  a  first-class  bakery,  which  has 
already  earned  the  new  hotel  a  special  reputa- 
tion foi-  the  excellence  of  its  rolls  and  bread. 
The  pastry  and  ice  cream  (lei)artments  are 
models  of  the  best  that  can  be  i)roduced  for  and 
by  the  artists  who  ])i-eside  over  them. 

Uehind  the  hotel  i)ro])er  is  a  fully  nuKlern 
laundry,  e(|uipped  with  the  latest  devices  that 
the  art  of  the  machinist  can  supply;  here  scores 
of  skilful  workers  transform  dirty  linen  into 
spotless  white,  wash  acres  upon  acres  of  sheets 
pel'  diem,  and  seem  wantonly  lavish  with  towels 
and  pillow-cases,  etc.  When  the  visitor  has 
wandered  around  these  lower  halls  of  indusfrv 


ho  gains  some  im|)ression  of  (he  great  size  of 
the  liotcl.  The  subterranean  passaj^es  and 
plethora  of  rooms  remind  one  of  the  interior 
recesses  of  a  nuimmoth  ocean  liner. 

TRAVKI.I.KKS'   <T.UB. 

'I'he  lower  ground  floor  of  the  Granville  street 
wing,  four  feet  below  tlie  level,  styled  by  a  mis- 
nomer "the  basement,"  is  a  series  of  rooms 
forming  wliat  is  practically  a  club  for  travel- 
lers. It  consists  of  a  suite  of  rooms,  inclusive 
of  grill  room,  sixty  by  sixty  feet,  called  tlie 
P>ritish  Columbia,  or  "  B.(!.,"  room.  It  is  panel- 
led in  B.  C.  cedar  and  maple,  and  decorated  with 
1^.  ('.  "big  game"  heads.  A  billiard  liall,  sixty 
l)y  one  liundred  feet,  with  eight  tables;  a  bar 
one  hundred  feet  long,  witji  walls  of  (!ircassian 
walnut,  reminiscent  of  the  fine  observation  cars 
on  the  (MMi.  .system;  a  smoking  and  writing 
room,  twenty  In-  sixty-five  feet;  a  ajjacious  and 
well-furnislied  barber  shop  with  ten  chairs,  and 
a  continuous  suite  of  large,  well-lighted  sample 
rooms  — all  arranged  for  the  convenience  of  the 
commercial  "drummer."  The  premier  decora- 
tion of  this  extensive  suite  of  rooms  is  a  con- 
tinuous dado  of  panels,  illustrative  of  the  scenic 
spots  and  tine  hotels  along  the  route  of  the  com- 
pany's  railroad. 

"The  bar"  is  a  room  of  fine  proportions,  with 
the  woodwork  and  color  scheme  of  a  rather  dark 
trciitment.  It  is  e(pupi)ed  with  the  latest  devices 
and  conveniences  for  the  thirsty  one,  and  the 
atmosphere  is  restful  and  cozy.  The  main 
decorative  feature  is  an  exipiisite  mural  paint- 


HdTlNDA,     LOOKING      KKO.M      OltANVILLE     .STUEET     E.STKA.NCE, 
HOTEI,    VAXOOrVER. 


CONSTRUCTION 


145 


ing,  eight  by  seventeen  feet,  representing  Cap- 
tain Vancouver  taking  over  tlie  Island  of  Van- 
couver. The  story  of  the  picture  cai'ries  one 
back  to  the  final  decaile  of  tiie  eighteenth  cen- 
tury, when  both  the  British  and  Spanish  ex- 
plorers were  on  this  coast.  Captain  George 
Vancouver  left  England  on  April  1,  1791;  the 
following  year  he  landed  at  Nootka  Sound,  the 
Spanish  headcpuirters  on  wJiat  is  now  known  as 
V^ancouver  Island,  to  inform  Uovernor  (Quadra 
that  the  British  exi)ected  to  take  possession  of 
this  territory.  The  courtly  Spaniard  was  (piite 
agreeable  to  de])arting,  and  there  was  a  farewell 
love  feast,  at  which  the  Spanish  Governor  enter- 
tained  the   English   captain    at    a    repast    tliat 


and  efficient.  The  bedi'oonis  themselves  are  car- 
peted in  i)leasing  hues.  The  plu)nl)ing  fixtures 
include  remai'kably  fine  bath  iul)s  and  a  porce- 
lain pedestal  supjxM-ting  the  wash  basin  and  its 
accessories;  in  addition  to  the  usual  hot  and 
cold  watei-  taps  is  a  central  one,  long  and  taper- 
ing, which  sui)i)lies  iced  water  and  relieves  the 
bell  boys  of  a  great  volume  of  labor,  especially 
during  the  rusii  of  sunnuer  travxd.  Needless  to 
add,  the  four  hundred  and  fifty  odd  I)athrooms 
in  conjunction  are  furnished  with  fittings  of  the 
latest  and  most  sanitary  ]>attern  available.  An 
ingenious  electrical  arrangement  is  incorpor- 
ated in  the  clothes  cupboards,  whereby  the  mere 
opening  of  tlie  door  turns  on  tlic  current  and 


BILI.IAHl)    ROOM. 

caused  reuuxrks  of  amazement  at  its  sumptuous- 
ness  to  be  recorded  by  Captain  Vancouver.  This 
scene  the  artist,  :\Iarion  Powers  Kirki)atric,k, 
commemorates  in  a  spirited  and  very  vivid 
fashion,  adopting  a  gay  and  brilliant  color 
treatment  which  linrnKmizes  well  with  the  sur- 
roundings of  this  undei'ground  t)alace. 

TIIK    liKDHOOM    APPOINTMENTS. 

The  seven  hundred  odd  bedrooms  are  guar- 
anteed etTective  for  the  successful  wooing  of  the 
god  Morpheus.  They  are  models  of  cleaidiness, 
simplicity  and  comfort,  opening  off  wide,  airy 
corridors,  covered  with  carpet  of  a  restful  and 
subdued  color.    The  elevatoi-  service  is  sj>eedy 


hot::i,  vancouvek,  vancotver,  b.c- 

gives  a  brilliant  illumiimtion,  which  in  turn  is 
broken  by  the  closing  of  the  door.  An  excellent 
fan  service  from  the  engineering  department 
kee]).s  the  air  circulating  and  prevents  that 
stuffy  feeling  so  often  experienced  in  big  hotels. 
The  s])eeial  suites  com])rise  a  combination  of 
sitting  I'oom,  bedrooms  with  bathroom  to  each. 

THK   M.\ri)  STGNAT-  SYSTEM. 

Everything  that  is  usually  done  or  can  be 
done  in  a  kitchen  is  performed  in  the  kitchens  of 
the  Hotel  Vancouver,  but  with  a  special  regard 
to  the  just  fame  that  this  hotel  earned  for  the 
delicious  products  of  its  culinary  departments. 
The  vast   range  already  referred  to   is  of  the 


U6 


CONSTRUCTION 


" island"  tyiu'-^tliat  is  to  say,  it  stands  like  a 
tal)l('  in  tlio  centre  of  the  kitchen  and  the  cooks 
can  work  ail  around  it,  wiiicli  saves  many  steps 
to  the  cooks  and  reduces  lalM)r  in  the  kitciien. 
Surrounding  the  ransfe  and  fonninj;  a  counter 
which  separates  the  cooks'  dci)arlnieiits  from 
the  waiters'  passaji;es  are  the  heated  cupboards 
in  which  chiiui  and  silver  dishes,  cups,  etc.,  are 
warmed  ready  for  use  on  the  tables.  All  the 
kitchen  eipiipment  and  numerous  labor-saviuf? 
arrangements  were  designed  by  the  architect, 
Mr.  Swales,  along  lines  similar  to  that  in  the 
best  liotels  in  Loudon  and  I'aris,  incorporating 
a  few  imi)rovemcnts  I'veii  over  those. 

THK  LAUNDRY. 

The  first  thing  that  meets  tlie  gaze  of  the 


and  deftly  folded  by  two  stolid-looking  CMiina- 
nien  with  the  inevitable  almond  eyes  peculiar 
to  their  race.  Another  couple  of  Orientals  are 
rapidly  receiving  and  folding  sheets  as  they 
come  from  revolving  dnnns.  In  the  irouiug 
room  the  electric  iron  is  king,  dozens  of  these 
handy  accessories  being  in  use,  and  tables  do.se 
by  are  i)iled  high  with  mounds  of  linen  belong- 
ing to  guests  of  the  hostelry.  System  is  the 
motto  of  the  laundry,  itself  (|uite  an  industry, 
and  the  numl)er  of  operatives  is  a  revelation. 

UNSEKN    SUPPLIKS    AND    INDUSTRIES. 

The  ordinary  hotel  guest  is  usually  ignorant 
of  the  e.Ktent  and  importance  of  what  may  be 
termed  the  commissariat  de])artment,  whicli 
caters  to  his  comfort  while  under  the  roof  as  a 


PKIVATK    SITTING    ROOM,    HOTEL 

visitor  to  the  laundry,  witli  its  smokestack 
jiicrcing  the  clouds,  is  the  trio  of  rapidly  re- 
volving copper  cylinders.  Perforated  like  a  huge 
circular  colander,  they  comi)lete  the  circuit  at  a 
speed  of  one  thousand  four  hundred  times  ])er 
niiinitc.  Linen,  dripping  from  the  tub,  on  the-^e 
rollers  loses  most  of  its  moisture,  and  from 
thence  is  put  into  drying  closets,  the  tempera- 
ture of  which  would  almost  (lualify  them  for  use 
as  supplemeiitaiy  l)aking  ovens.  Huge  driims 
are  I'evolvini;-,  dimly  visible  through  the  pervad- 
ing steam,  and  mangles  are  issuing  towels 
enough  foi'  an  army.     These  latter  are  caught 


VANCOUVER,    VANCOrVER,    B.C. 


guest.  It  is  wortli  while  to  visit  the  basement 
and  rear  of  the  building  to  inspect  the  facilities, 
from  the  heavy  motor  wagon  which  carries  the 
baggage  to  the  automatic  o^g  boiler  in  the 
kitchen  that  will  cook  the  hen  fruit  to  any  turn 
that  may  be  desired  by  the  most  fastidious 
ei)icure.  First  comes  the  liglrt  and  power  ])lant; 
here  two  immense  oil  burners  supply  steam  to 
supi)lementary  engines,  ultimately  passing  pow- 
er to  huge  dynamos  and  refrigei-ating  machines. 
An  extensive  switchboard  dominates  the  whole, 
and  tlie  i)lant  looks  i)owerful  enough  for  a  small 
citv. 


CONSTRUCTION 


147 


The  butclier  shop,  with  its  chopping-  bh^eks, 
its  meats  and  soores  of  juioy-looking  chops 
ready  for  the  kitchen,  has  a  familiar  appear- 
ance. In  the  vast  cold  stora^'c  meat  store,  whole 
legs  of  mutton  and  great  sides  of  beef  hang  in 
prodigal  array;  in  the  i)0ultry  store,  scores  of 
bipeds  have  been  denuded  of  their  feathery 
dress  and  now  repose  in  serried  ranks,  awaiting 
the  advent  of  the  chef.  The  fish  store  is  more 
like  a  fine  exhi1)it  of  the  choice  aquaria  of  Firitish 
Columbia  than  an  ordinary  fish  sliop.  The 
grocery  store  is  another  marvel  of  the  applica- 
tion of  science  to  the  care  of  food;  everything 
is  stored  in  dust-proof  cupboards.  All  the  suj)- 
plies  are  in  full  view  of  the  stewards.  Nothing 
can  spoil  or  get  upset  without  being  noticed 
bv  the  man  in  charge.    Temperatures  and  ven- 


in  the  Dominion,  and  is  equalled  in  convenience 
by  those  in  only  a  few  of  the  larger  cities  of  the 
United  States. 

Among  the  new  features  incori)orated  in  the 
switchboard  e(juij)ment  tending  towards  the 
facilitation  of  the  hotel  business  and  accelerat- 
ing the  service  of  the  guests,  are  the  telouto- 
graph  and  the  maids'  signal  service. 

Tilie  telautograph  system  is  for  use  among 
the  heads  of  departments  and  the  switchboard 
operators.  It  is  a  most  ingenious  electrical  in- 
vention, by  which  messages  written  at  one  sta- 
tion in  handwriting  are  rei)roduced  by  electrical 
means  at  one  or  more  stations.  The  reproduc- 
tions are  made  at  the  time  the  message  is  writ- 
ten, all  the  characteristics  of  the  original  being 
faithfully  portrayed.     The  Hotel  Vancouver  is 


BED  ROOM,   HOTEL  VANCOIVER,  VANCOUVER,   B.C. 


tilation  are  i)erfect.  In  the  silver  and  cutlery 
store  is  amjile  provision  for  a  veritable  army  of 
guests.  P]verything  is  spotless,  and  the  utmost 
method  and  system  prevails  in  the  underground 
ramifications  of  the  big  hostelry.  After  a  visit 
to  the  kitchen  departments  of  the  Hotel  Van- 
couver one  develops  an  api>etite  and  wants  to 
go  to  the  dining  room  next.  How  seldom  does 
one  have  such  an  experience! 

TKI.KIMIONK    .\XI)   TKL.\L-TO(iRAl'H. 

The  private  branch  exchange  switchboard  of 
the  Hotel  Vancouver  is  the  largest  of  its  kind 


the  only  hotel  in  Canada,  or  on  the  whole  of 
the  Pacific  coast  ecpiipped  with  the  telautograj)!! 
system.  The  only  other  hotels  using  the  system 
are  the  larger  ones  in  the  leading  American 
cities,  such  as  New  York,  Chicago,  and  Detroit. 

The  tele])hone  switchboard  is  twenty-four 
feet  long,  with  line  ecpiipment  for  seven  hun- 
dred and  sixty  stations,  twenty  in  and  twenty 
out  trunks  from  central  otficc,  all  multiplied 
throughout  the  switchboard  and  associated  with 
the  telautograph  and  the  maids'  signal  e()uip- 
ment. 

In  a  large  hotel  such  as  this,  a  problem  which 


148 


CONSTRUCTION 


has  oj'li'ii  colli' loiitcMl  tlu'  iiiaiia^ifeint'nt  eoncenis 
tlu'  location  of  a  maid  (inriii;u:  llie  time  tlioy  arc 
siiitposcd  to  l)c  iiiakiiifj:  up  the  f;iu'sts'  rooms.  To 
ovcicoiiic  this  (lilliciilty  tlicrc  lias  been  installed 
in  the  Hotel  Vancouver  what  is  termed  the 
"nuiids'  signal  service,"  so  thai,  sliould  any 
<;nest  desire  the  services  of  a  maid,  the  nean^st 
maid  can  immediately  be  located  and  advised  of 
the  vMiest's  wishes.  The  advantafi'es  of  thus  ^et- 
tin^  promptly  into  connnunication  with  any  one 
of  the  forty-five  nuiids  is  one  that  will  be  easily 
ni)preciated. 

The  system  is  worked  in  conjunction  with  tlie 
'phone  switchboard,  tlie  operators  of  wliicli 
know  at  ail  times  the  location  of  every  nuiid  on 
duty  in  the  huilding'.  On  the  switchboard  are 
inserted  hundreds  of  tiny  lamps,  numbered  to 
corres])ond  with  the  j;:uest  rooms  of  the  hotel. 
Each  nuiid  on  enteriuf^'  upon  her  duties  is  pro- 
vided with  a  small  portable  lamp  whicb,  U])on 
enterin,i>-  a  ,<;uest  room,  she  inserts  in  a  sjx'cial 
socket  mounted  in  the  door  trim  of  that  i)arti- 
cular  room  ;  this  action  on  her  part  nud\es  a  cor- 
res|)ondinjj:  connection  with  the  nuinl)ered  lamp 
on  the  switcliboard.  Iif>:iitin,i>-  the  latter  and  thus 
notifyini"'  tlie  operator  that  there  is  a  maid  in 
the  room  heaiiufj:  that  number.  Should  a  guest 
desire  the  services  of  a  maid,  he  or  slie  ex])resses 
the  wish  to  the  'i)lione  operator,  who  according- 


ly calls  up  the  maid  nearest  to  that  room  and 
notifies  her  that  she  is  re(|uired  at  room  so-and- 
so.  rpon  vacatiny:  a  room,  the  maid  detaches 
and  carries  with  her  the  j)ortal)ie  lamp,  tiius 
severing  the  switehl)oard  connection  until  slie 
enters  anothei-  room  and  inserts  tlie  lam|>-plug 
in  the  socket  |)rovided,  notifying  the  operators 
as  before  of  her  location.  As  a  convenience  in 
the  successful  ojx'ration  of  the  hotel,  ami  as  a 
guarantee  of  (|uick  and  effective  service  in  the 
interests  of  tlie  guests,  this  signal  service  is  a 
most  valuable  asset  and  ally  of  tlie  manage- 
ment. 

The  liotel,  apart  from  its  use  as  a  mere  hos- 
telry for  the  transient,  offers  facilities  for  pub- 
lic use  whicii  make  it  an  exceedingly  valn;ible 
adjunct  to  the  city's  Imildings.  The  large  oval 
room,  ex(|uisite  in  design,  with  its  chaste  pan- 
elletl  wails  and  <'eiling,  a  particular  feature  of 
elegance,  is  really  the  principal  drawing  room 
of  the  hotel,  but  is  largely  used  for  society  and 
other  functions  of  a  like  nature.  Tt  is  |)rovided 
with  a  well-e(piipped  serving  room,  and  behind 
an  ornamental  bronze  grill  to  the  side  is  a 
musicians'  gallery.  The  central  features  of  the 
oval  room  is  a  large  ()i)eii  fireplace,  flanked  by 
marble  columns  and  beautiful  bronze  grill  doors. 
The  scheme  of  carving  and  decoration  is  strik- 
ing and  original. 


I'UWKl!    PLANT,    HOTEL   VANCOl-VEli,   VA.\COL\  EK,    B.C. 


Hotel    Macdonald,    Edmonton,    Alberta 

Latest  Addition  to  The  Grand  Trunk  Railway's  Chain  of  Hotels 


IX  July,  1915,  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  Sys- 
tem opened  the  third  of  a  chain  of  hotels, 
which,  when  complete,  will  be  a  considerable 
factor  in  connection  with  the  develojmient  of  the 
Xortliwest  territory  and  the  city  of  Edmonton 
and  vicinity  in  particular.    Edmonton  has  quiet- 
ly but  speedily  emerg-ed  from  an  Outpost  to  a 
most  important  agricul- 
tural, mining  and  rail- 
road  centre ;    the   agri- 
cultural and  mining  de- 
velopment   have   neces- 
sitated     railroad      de- 
velopment, and  the  cer- 
tainty of  the  future  has 
justified      the      Orand 
Trunk  Pacific  Develop- 
ment  Company  to   im- 
dertake    and    complete 
the  construction  of  one 
of  the  finest  hotels  on 
the  continent,  consider- 
ing  jiurpose   and    loca- 
tion. 

The  site  chosen  for 
the  hotel  is  possibly  un- 
ecpialed  anywhere  in 
Western  Canada,  for  it 
condjines  convenience  to 
the  business  centre  with 
a  wonderful  outlook 
over  the  valley  of  the 
Saskatchewan  Eiver. 
The  building  is  located 
on  ^lacDougall  street, 
almost  at  the  crossing  of 
Jasper  avenue,  and  dir- 
ectly oi)posite  to  the  Ed- 
monton Club.  T  h  e 
building  is  planned  in 
such  a  manner  as  to  take 
full  advantage  of  the 
view  across  and  beyond 
the  beautiful  ravine  of 
the  river,  which  bounds 
the  entire  southerly  ex- 
posure of  the  property. 

The  building  architec- 
turally is  distinctly  of  the  Chateau  tyiie,  modi- 
fied to  suit  its  pnr])ose  as  a  modern  hotel,  and  to 
take  advantage  of  its  uni<iue  and  conunanding 
views.  The  exterior  is  entirely  of  stone,  the 
base  of  Stanstead  granite,  the  superstructure  of 
Indiana  limestone,  and  roof  of  copper.  The 
building  is  fireproof  throughout,  the  frame  be- 
ing of  steel,  skeleton  type,  the  floors  of  rein- 


HOTKl.    MACU(JNAL 
SHOWING    MAI 


forced  concrete  and  interior  partitions  of  terra 
cotta. 

The  main  entrance  has  been  placed  at  the  cor- 
ner of  MacDougall  street  and  a  private  thor- 
oughfare, which  has  been  widened  sufficiently  to 
provide  a  splendid  outlook  for  rooms  along  the 
north  side  of  the  hotel.    In  order  to  take  full  ad- 
vantage of  the  wonder- 
ful site,  and  at  the  same 
time   provide  the  most 
pleasing  approach  from 
the    city    side    of    the 
j      building,  the  entrances 
'      have  been  set  back  some 
distance  from  the  cor- 
ner, and  are  approached 
through    a    large    fore- 
court and  covered  log- 
gia. 

From  this  loggia  ac- 
cess to  the  building  can 
be  had  directly  into  the 
rotunda,  or  for  the  con- 
vonienceof  lady  patrons, 
llirough  a  smaller  entry 
leading  directly  into  a 
ladies'  reception  room, 
witli  office  and  elevators 
adjoining. 

From  the  rotunda  a 
spacious  corridor  leads 
right  and  left,  the  form- 
er to  the  palm  room,  the 
latter  to  the  cafe  and 
iiKiin  dining  room,  while 
midway  along  this  cor- 
ridor on  either  side  is 
the  coat  room  and  the 
ante  room,  the  latter 
leading  to  the  buflfet, 
barber  shop  and  toilets. 
Directly  beyond  the 
rotunda  is  the  lounge, 
lighted  by  large  seg- 
mental windows  and 
doors  leading  to  the 
broad  terrace,  from 
which  a  full  magnificent 
view  of  the  river  and  the  country  beyond  can  be 
had.  A  jiortion  of  the  IMacDougall  street  facade 
on  this  floor  is  given  to  stores,  which  have  direct 
connnunication  with  the  hotel  pro])er. 

Between  the  ground  floor  antl  the  first  bed- 
room floor  a  mezzanine  gallery  provides  space 
for  ladies'  parlor  and  drawing  room,  a  banquet 
room,  and   a   series  of  pi'ivate  dining  rooms. 


IJ,    Ell.MO.NTO.N,    Al.BEUTA, 
INIFICE.VT   LOCATION. 


149 


150 


CONSTRUCTION 


The  balance  of  this  floor  is  devoted  to  j^alleries 
overlooking  the  rotunda,  cafe  and  main  dininj? 
n)oni. 

AlK)ve  the  mezzanine  floor  are  five  typical 
bedroom  floors,  makinjj;  seven  sitoreys  in  all,  and 
<,nvinj?  two  hundred  sleeping?  chambers,  each 
r(M)in  haviuf?  a  private  bathroom,  arranged  so 
that  they  may  be  rented  singly  or  en  suite. 

The  interior  treatment,  in  design  and  choice 
of  materials,  has  been  with  a  view  to  the  ac- 
tH)nnnodation  and  comfort  of  patrons  of  refined 
taste,  but  eliminating  any  element  of  gorgeous 
display  and  extravagance,  such  as  found  in  al- 
most every  hotel  erected  in  recent  years.  The 
owners  required  a  building  that  would  measure 


lo^ 


|03 


T" 


IO+ 


1*1 

'»7 

13S 

t       1 

r    T,  , 

«^ 

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3i 


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156 


"^  fw 


l»« 


ia+ 


n^T-n  "i  "  t"'t'  tJ\>  z^-.- 

IS2.      T    Mr  '  jfeil/       "°      1    '^®       1     '^^  '^'^  '^^       I 


ii-in^^lfT 


♦=* 


FIRST,   SECOND,   THIRD   AND   FOl   RTH    FLOOR   I'l.ANS,    HOTEL    MACDONALl) 


up  to  the  excellent  standards  of  service  in  tlie 
Fort  (Jarry  Hotel,  Winnipeg,  and  the  Chateau 
Laurier,  Ottawa,  each  of  which,  though  differ- 
ent, so  admirably  suit  both  location  and  patron- 
age; and  the  cflort  of  the  architects  was  to  erect 
a  building  architecturally  attractive 
and  consistent  in  design,  substantial 


Laundry 

[siwwe 


RUTCHBR  itlop 


MANCKC 


50ILCR.  ^ODhl 


EEre.u;tBA'foes 
"  1 


K.ITCHEN 


f^^j* 


.n 


y*xm 


-nr 


PMTS'' 


MtUMtlr 


BASEMENT    PLAN,    HOTEL    MACDONALD. 


ROSS    A.     MACDONALD,    ARCHITECTS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


151 


and  durable  in  consti'uction,  and  what  is  of 
greater  moment  to  the  guest  of  a  hotel,  with  an 
atmosphere  of  comfort,  which  is  only  obtained 
by  suitable  choice  of  materials,  color  and  fur- 
nishing. In  the  case  of  this  hotel,  not  only  were 
the  architects  chosen  for  the  erection  of  the 
building,  its  interior  decoration  and  its  fixed 
appointments,  but  they  were  entrusted  with  the 
design  of  electric  fixtures,  furniture,  rugs  and 
draperies.  The  photographs  illustrating  this 
article  cannot  convey  the  color  effects  and  values 
which  create  the  atmosphere  and  have  made 
this  hotel  so  satisfactory  to  its  owners  and 
patrons;  they,  however,  illustrate  in  form  and 
feeling  quite  a  departure  from  the  semi-public 
character  of  such  buildings  as  a  rule,  and  in- 


OROf.NI.  H.,,.,ll   1M,A.V,   IK/TEL   MACUO.NALD 


ROSS    &    MACDONALD,    ARCHITECTS. 


152 


CONSTRUCTION 


is  coiiiijlote  and  iustnlled  with  auxiliaries  as 
stand-by,  tiins  atVoi-diiijj:  i>rot('<'tioii  a.jyaiiist 
liicakddwii  of  any  l<iii<l,  and  to  facilitate  speedy 
renewal  and  replaeeineut  of  parts. 

The  kitehen  is  most  conveniently  placed  with 
relation  to  the  service  reciuirenieiits  of  the  main 
•  lining  room,  cafe  and  palm  room,  all  of  whic 
either  separately  or  together,  may  be  in  com- 
mission and  making  simultaneous  demand  upon 
kitchen  service.  This  department  is  well  ven- 
tilated, furnished  with  the  best  ecpiipinent  ob- 
tainable, and  from  the  standpoint  of  efflciency 
and  cleanliness  cannot  be  suri)assed.  it  includes 
rooms  for  silver,  glass  and  dish  washing,  the 
still  room  with  coffee,  tea  and  hot  water  ui-ns, 
egg  boilei's,  toasters,  etc.,  the  nuiin  portion  con- 
taining   the     ranges, 


connection  with  tlio 
operation  of  the 
hotel  to  the  most 
delicate  work  en- 
trusted to  it  by  the 
most  fastidious 
gu  e  s  t.  .Machine 
w  o  rk  a  nd  h  a  n  d 
work,  steam  and 
Micchanically  oper- 
ated   dryers,     and 


^»  "ft 


FIFTH     FLOdI!.     HDTEI.     MACDONAI.ri, 

cold  l)riiu'  tlirougliout  the  kitchen  and  to  other 
parts  tiii-oughont  tlie  hotel  where  local  refriger- 
ation is  required. 

The  laundry  includes  com))lete  e(|ui])ment  for 
every  class  of  work,  from  the  heavv  work  in 


Floor  plans  showing 
the  disposition  and  ar- 
rangement accompany 
this  description  and  il- 
usti'ate  the  means  by 
which  the  peculiarities 
of  the  site  were  taken  advantage  of.  The  build- 
ing was  elected  and  completed  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  architects  for  the  Grand  Trunk 
Railway  System,  Ross  S:  Macdonald,  of  Mont- 
real and  Toronto. 


RO.SS    &     MACDONALD,    AHCHITECTS. 


The  Engineer  and   Standards    of  Beauty 


liv  G.  K.  G.  CONWAy.  C.  E. 


IN  a  ro<'ont  address  on  "Jdealism  aud  Art  in 
Engineering,"  Professor  Marx,  president 
of  the  American  Society  of  Civil  En^-ineers,  ask- 
ed this  qnestion:  "Is  is  profitable  to  beautify 
engineering  structures?"  He  goes  on  to  say, 
"Mere  we  stand  before  a  momentous  question. 
If  the  answer  be  given  by  the  engineer,  or  by 
one  who  holds  that  the  status  of  a  people  is  de- 
termined not  merely  by  the  accumulated  wealth 
of  the  nation,  the  quantity  of  goods  ])roduced, 
and  of  articles  manufactured,  then  it  will  be  in 
tlie  positive,  ten  times  over;  but  if  the  man  of 
low  ideals  and  mercenary  motives  gives  answer 
it  is  likely  to  be  an  emphatic  "no."  This  answer 
has  been  given  too  often  in  our  own  country, 
and  the  blame  for  the  deep  scars  in  the  face  of 
Nature,  the  ugly  dams  and  rugged  cuts,  must 


ways  remain  beautiful,  but  beauty  and  the  aj)- 
preciation  of  beauty  are  inherent  in  ourselves. 
The  creation  of  beautiful  structures  can  only  be 
attained  by  a  full  and  true  knowledge  of  the  kind 
of  materials  used,  and  by  certain  subtle  distinc- 
tions born  of  integrity  of  puri)ose  and  i-efine- 
meut  in  handling  those  materials.  Kuskin's 
well-known  aphorism,  in  which  he  defines 
"architecture  as  the  art  which  so  disposes  and 
adorns  the  edifices  raised  by  man,  for  whatso- 
ever uses,  that  the  sight  of  them  may  contribute 
to  his  mental  health,  jiower  and  pleasure,"  has  a 
meaning  for  us  as  engineers. 

THE    ARCHITECT   AND    THE    ENGINEER. 

This   is   an  age  of  specialization.     That,   of 
course,  is  an  idle  platitude,  for  no  man  can  say 


^  ^1  fill  1]   li 

!!||-'  I  11  \\  w  n 


HOTET,    MAfrillXAin.    KIIM!  IXTON .    Al/ 

not  be  laid  on  the  shoulders  of  the  engineei'  who 
fain  would  heal  with  loving  hand  and  protecting 
sward  the  wounds  he  has  struck.  Where  broad- 
minded  libei'ality  and  farseeing  policy  govern 
the  construction  of  engineering  works,  as  is  the 
case  in  countries  older  than  our  own,  these 
works  stand  as  worthy  art  |)i-oducts  of  the 
sjiirit  of  the  times,  symbolical  of  the  bcsl  and 
highest  in  the  life  of  to-day." 

The  standards  of  beauty  are  enlarged  wilh 
the  growth  of  knowledge.  ]\rany  of  the  works  of 
the  ancients  are  of  great  beauty,  and  will  al- 


KOSS    *     MACIKlXAi.n,    AFH-UITKCTS, 


to-day  as  Lord  Bacon  said,  "I  will  take  all 
knowledge  to  be  my  province."  Even  the  most 
versatile  engineer  can  attempt  to  master  but 
one  branch  of  his  profession.  In  oui-  own  so- 
ciety we  have  among  those  directing  the  "great 
sources  of  ])ower  in  Katui'e  for  the  use  and  con- 
venience of  man,"  engineers  engaged  in  bridge 
design,  raili'oads,  canals,  hydraulics,  water  sup- 
ply, and  sewerage;  electrical,  mining,  municipal, 
mechanical  and  chemical  engineers;  bnt  in  olden 
days  the  sister  professions  of  engineering  and 
ai-chitecture  were  practised  in  many  cases  by 


153 


154 


CONSTRUCTION 


CC>><Jl 


ENTRANCB    FUOM    TERRACE.    HOTKL    MACDONALD. 


the  .same  individual.  Roman  engineers,  design- 
ers of  the  ('huidian  Aiiueduct  and  the  Pont  <hi 
(Jard,  produced  great  engineering  works,  wliich 
are  among  the  finest  architectural  remains  of 
that  great  race,  and  in  tlie  Renaissance  period 
were  not  sucli  artists  as  Miciielangelo,  Leonardo 
(hi  Vinci  and  Palladio  great  both  in  architecture 
and  engineering?  In  mediu'val  ages  bridges, 
diurclies,  cathedrals  and  dwelling  houses  were 
designed  under  the  supervision  of  the  priests 
and  (^lergy,  but  during  the  sixteenth  and  seven- 
teentli  centuries  these  sui)ervisors  of  craftsmen 
became  more  interested  in  doctrinal  contro- 
versies, and  so  both  architectural  and  engi- 
neering problems  passed  from  their  control, 
and  the  new  profession  of  the  civil  engineer 
arose,  with  sucli  pioneers  as  Brindlej',  Smea- 


WRITING    ROOM.    IIOTEf,    MACtlONM 


ton,  Telford  and  Rennie. 
AVith  the  development 
of  steam  and  all  the 
discoveries  of  modern 
science  and  engineering 
the  separation  of  the 
two  professions  became 
wider,  but  I  think  to-day 
there  is  a  new  spirit 
that  is  drawing  thein  to- 
gether again.  The  ques- 
tion,then,of  the  aesthetic 
treatment  of  engineer- 
ing structures  is  to-day 
more  fullg  appreciated 
hy  an  enlarging  circle, 
and  it  is  one  in  which 
the  engineer  needs  and 
desires  the  co-operation 
of  the  architect.  This  co- 
operationof  the  engineer 
and  architect  will  have  the  effect  of  stimulating 
a  healthg  public  interest  in  the  need  for  great 
engineering  structures  being  made  as  beautiful 
as  possible.  It  has  been  said  by  a  well-known 
engineer  that  if  two  designs  are  submitted  to  a 
board  of  directors,  the  one  beautiful  and  the 
other  ugly,  the  directors  will  always  choose  the 
ugly  one,  but  this,  I  think,  is  untrue  to-day,  and 
many  great  corporations  are  setting  a  tvorthy 
example  in  encouraging  the  co-operation  of  the 
engineer  and  the  architect. 

Why  should  not  even  the  humblest  railway 
station  be  a  beautiful  object?  We  no  longer  be- 
lieve in  Ru.skin's  fierce  denunciation  of  railway 
stations,  and  in  these  days  of  constant  travel 
the  comfort  and  beauty  of  well-designed  railway 
terminals  are  a  delight  to  travelling  man.    Why 

cannot  we  have  beauti- 
ful designs  for  the  build- 
ings and  chimneys  of 
steam-power  plants,  for 
a  water  tower,  for  all 
our  bridges,  for  service 
reservoirs,  and  valve 
houses  ?  We  should, 
though,  in  every  case 
let  these  structures 
speak  for  themselves 
and  express  by  their  de- 
sign their  meaning,  stat- 
ing plainly,  without  pre- 
tension, what  they  rep- 
resent. We  do  not  want 
a  railway  terminal  to 
look  like  a  temple  for 
the  worship  of  Minerva, 
nor  a  steam  plant  chim- 
ney to  resemble  Cleo- 
patra's needle. 


CONSTRUCTION 


155 


BRIDGE  DESIGN. 

Probably  most  of  the- 
discussion  u])onthis  sub- 
ject has  arisen  in  connec- 
tion with  the  design  of 
bridges,  and  1  have  noted 
with  ])ieasure  recently 
the  influential  engineer- 
ing press'  stimulating 
thought  in  this  direction. 
Let  us,  therefore,  ex- 
aminefirst  the  evolution- 
ary changes  in  bridge 
design  by  referring  to 
some  old  and  modern 
types  of  bridges.  The 
earliest  method  of  cross- 
ing a  river  was,})erha})s, 
by  stepping  stones,  by 
logs  thrown  across  the 
stream,    or,   where    the 

span  was  wide,  by  a  bridge  of  l)oats.  It  is, 
though,  outside  tlie  scope  of  my  pajier  to  discuss 
tlie  origin  of  the  several  tyi)es  upon  which  all 
modei-n  bridges  are  designed.  Many  beautiful 
bridges  have  been  designed  in  wood.  We  have 
records  of  some  of  the  earliest  that  combined 
great  ingenuity  with  beauty,  and  to-day  in 
Switzerland  and  Jai)an  are  nmny  notable  ex- 
amples. 

For  two  thousand  years  the  engineer  has  been 
able  to  make  masonry  bridges  beautiful,  and  al- 
though his  opportunities  in  Canada  for  con- 
structing such  bridges  are  few,  a  study  of  the 
older  designs  is  of  great  assistance  in  dealing 
with  reinforced  concrete  sti'uctures,  which  are 
in  our  country  taking  the  place  of  the  cut-stone 
structures  of  Europe. 

In  the  Pont  du  Card, 
built  by  Agrii)j)a,  the 
son-in-law  of  Augustus, 
in  19  B.C.,  you  will 
notice  the  grand  combin- 
ation produced  by  tin' 
form  and  proportion  of 
the  arches,  and  the 
varied  effect  of  dressed 
and  undressed  masonry. 
In  this  structure,  as 
well  as  in  the  Claudiaii 
A(pieduct,  and  the  acpie- 
duct  at  Tarragona  in 
Spain,  the  engineering 
skill  isremarkable,prov- 
ing  tliat  the  Romans 
were  highly  skilled  in 
mechanics  and  hydrau- 
lics. In  these  structures 
we  see  the  liarmony  of 
.science    and    art,    twin 


BEDROOM    AND    BATH.    HOTKI.    MACDONALD. 


sisters  who  sliould  never  be  separated,  and  the 
result  stands  to-day  a  triumph  of  fine  building. 

In  the  bridge  of  Augustus  at  Rimini  the  piers 
are  very  massive,  ecpial  in  thickness  to  one-half 
of  the  arch  ojienings.  There  still  remain  traces 
of  decoration  on  the  keystones  and  tlie  ruined 
cornice  indicates  that  the  bridge  was  one  of 
great  beauty.  Judging  from  its  massive  pro- 
portions it  is  i)robable  that  over  the  piers  were 
elaborate  architectural  details  combined  with 
noble  statuary.  Structurally  it  is  excellent  en- 
gineering, and  even  now,  after  the  lapse  of  near- 
ly 2,000  years,  can  be  seen  the  fine  workmanship 
of  the  old  masons. 

In  the  Renaissance  period  in  Italy  we  could 
select  many  types  for  illustration  of  beautiful 
bridges  which  were  erected  by  architects  and 


BANQVET    ROOM,    HOTEI,    MACDONAUi. 


156 


CONSTRUCTION 


SS    St     MA<'IH)NALH,    AKCM  l'rK(,"rH. 


MAIN    OININU   ROOM,   HOTEL    MACDONAIJ),    BDMdXTON,   AI.BKKTA. 

enf?ineers.     Ono  of  the  best  known,   and  one         in  1566-15(59,  called  the  Ponte  della  Tiinata  over 
whicii  well  repays  careful  study,  is  liartlioiouiew 
Annnanati's  famous  bridge,  which  was  rebuilt 


the  Arao  at  Florence.    Ammanati's  j^enius  as  an 
architect  and  sculptor  is  well  known,  and  in  this 


THE    LOr.VnK,     HOTKI.     MACDONALI',     KHMiinThN.     AI.lIKin-A. 


iss  ^    MAfnoNALn,  ARCHiTEcrrs. 


CONSTRUCTION 


157 


l)ridge  we  find  careful  study  given  to  the  en- 
g-ineering  details  that  go  to  make  uj)  a  successful 
structure.  There  are  three  spans,  the  centre 
ninety  feet  ten  inches,  and  the  two  side  spans 
eighty-seven  feet  seven  inches.  The  arches  are 
two  parabolic  curves  meeting  at  a  centre  with  a 
slight  angle,  which  is  obscured  by  an  ornamental 
escutcheon.  The  areli  ring  is  very  heavily 
moulded,  and  the  spandril  panelled,  a  method 
which  i-e(]uires  very  careful  treatment  to  pre- 
vent the  scale  of  the  design  being  lost. 

During  niedia'val  times  many  beautiful 
bridges  were  built  in  Great  Britain,  which  are 
standing  to-day  more  beautiful  than  evei-  with 
the  "golden  stain  of  time"  u[)on  them. 

IRON    AND    STKK],    STRUCTURES. 

it  is,  however,  when  we  come  to  consider  the 
nuHlern  development  of  bridge  building,  and  the 
introduction  of  iron  and  steel,  that  the  a'sthetic 
])roblenis  assume  a  diflferent  character  from 
those  of  simple  masonry  structures.  The  de- 
velopment of  the  use  of  iron  and  steel  in  bridge 
building  has  been,  to  use  Herbert  Spencer's  line 
of  progress  in  organic  evolution,  "from  sim- 
l)licity  to  complexity  of  structure,  and  from  ob- 
scure complexity  to  a  defined  sim]>licity  of  func- 
tion."   It  is  this  simplicitv  of  function  which  is 

* 

the  prevadmg  note  of  all  well-designed  steel 
structures.  Michelangelo  maintained  that  to 
an  architect  a  knowledge  of  anatomy  was  es- 
sential. Can  we  not  also  say  that  to  those  who 
examine  iron  and  steel  structures  from  the  pui'e- 
ly  ipsthetic  viewpoint  a  knowledge  of  the 
anatomy  of  a  bridge  is  necessary,  and  an  under- 
standing of  the  relationship  and  the  functions  of 
all  its  separate  parts?  Metal  bridges  include 
the  majority  of  all  long-spanned  arches.  The 
longest  single  masonry  span  in  existence  is  two 
hundred  and  ninety -five  feet,  and  bridges  of  re- 
inforced concrete  have  already  been  constructed 
with  spans  up  to  three  hundred  and  twenty-five 
feet.  The  longest  single  steel  span,  as  yon  all 
know,  is  that  of  the  Quebec  bridge,  which"  is  one 
thousand  eight  hundred  feet.  Tn  such  struc- 
tures, therefore,  the  addition  of  oniament  would 
be  entirely  false  and  foreign  to  the  fundanientnl 
principle  of  their  design,  and  its  application,  if 
ilone  at  all,  could  only  be  carried  out  consistent- 
ly by  a  great  increase  of  weight  and  saci-ifice  of 
economy. 

The  .standai-d  of  a'sthetic  criticism  to  beach)))!- 
ed  must  depend,  therefore,  upon  whether  the 
most  suitable  appliwition  of  the  material  used 
lias  been  made,  and  when  it  is  possible  to  select 
an  optional  design  the  choice  must  lie  with  the 
most  beautiful  outline  consistent  with  economy. 
The  sweeping  condenmation  of  all  iron  and  steel 
structures  that  has  sometimes  been  made  by 
artists  and  architects  is  due  to  a  false  and  nri- 
fair  ai)|)eal  to  standards,  which,  however  true 


they  may  be  when  a[)plied  to  masonry  bridges, 
cannot  be  ai)plied  to  structures  which  have 
fonns  and  functions  of  an  entirely  different  na- 
ture. 

The  first  consideration,  therefore,  in  design- 
ing all  engineering  sti'uctures  after  the  <pies- 
tions  of  strength  and  stability  have  been  satis- 
fied, is  that  the  form  of  the  structure  should  be 
determined  essentially  by  the  material  of  which 
it  is  composed,  and  should  not  copy  in  some 
strange  fantastic  form  in  sorne  of  its  details  the 
design  of  older  forms  of  architectural  ornament. 

Tn  a  discussion  which  took  place  some  sixteen 
or  seventeen  years  ago  at  the  Institution  of  (Jivil 
Engineei's,  Professor  Pite  said  that  as  a  prac- 
tical designer  he  would  like  eai'nestly  and  heart- 


■AKR,    HIIThM.    MArnoXAtD. 


ily  to  press  home  the  fact  that  artistic  sini[)li- 
city  would  be  achieved  by  disas.sociating  from 
the  mind  all  architectural  ])hraseology,  all  archi- 
tectural ornament,  all  architectural  traditions, 
such  fantasies  as  the  curve  and  compound  cvttxe 
lines  of  beauty,  and  by  aiming  in  metal  bridge 
buihling  at  exactly  the  same  beauty  of  work- 
nianshi)),  beauty  of  economy  of  material,  beauty 
of  accomplishment  that  please  the  mind  in  any 
fonn  of  mechanical  effort.  In  that  way  en- 
gineers would  keep  clear  of  the  changing  whims 
of  artistic  fashion,  keep  clear  in  metal  of  the 
traditions  of  an  architectural  art  of  stone,  of  the 
traditions  of  an  architectural  art  in  wood,  and 
work  out  in  iron  with  its  different  qualities  and 


158 


CONSTRUCTION 


I'AKAl'KTa,    I'ONT    ALKXANDKE.    PAKIK.       DUSKINKI)    IN    COLLABORATION     W 

strosst's  an  a'stlietic  style  based  on  tlie  absolute 
seientitic  neeessities  of  eiij^iiieeriii<>'  practiee. 
w'fhieli  would,  without  doubt,  afford  infinite  satis- 
I'aetion  to  j>:ene  rat  ions  to  come. 

The  earliest  attenii)t  to  build  an  iron  brid^t' 
was  made  at  Ijvons  in  1755.  The  arches  were 
aetually  cast,  but  the  atteni])t  was  abandoned 
as  too  costly,  and  tiie  real  introducers  of  iron  in 
bridge  buildiufj;  were  two  ironmasters,  in  Coal- 
brook  Dale.  Reynolds  and  Derby. 

In  many  simi)le  bridges  constructed  in  Canada 
to-day  to  open  hi<;hways  in  inaccessible  i)Iaces, 
a  note  of  simplicity  has  often  been  successfully 
struck.  As  an  exami)le  of  this  the  sus))ension 
l)ri(lge  over  the  Bulkiey  River  at  Ilagwiilgate, 
B.C.,  with  the  simple  treatment  of  the  suspen- 
sion piers,  is,  I  think,  entirely  satisfactory. 

An  example  of  the  most  perfect  collaboration 
of  the  architect  and  engineer  ai)i)ears,  I  think, 
in  the  Pont  Alexandre  bridge  at  Paris.  This  is 
a  three-hinge  steel  arch,  and  tlie  whole  structure 
is,  to  my  mind,  one  of  the  most  l)eautiful  that 
has  been  built  at  any 
time.  It  is  the  work  of 
t  w  o  engineers,  two 
architects,  a  n  d  two 
sculptors  working  in 
collaboration. 

DAMS. 

In  the  ('()n-;ti'uctioii  of 
(lams  for  the  storage  of 
water,  for  city  water 
snpi)lies,  power  ))ni- 
poses,  and  iiM'igation 
works,  many  opportuni- 
ties occur  for  tlie  col- 
laboration of  architect 
and  engineer.  I  i-emem 
i)ei-  that  wiicn  the  draw 
inii's  were  lieiiig  pre]iar- 
ed  in  tiic  orticc  of  .lames 


ITH    AHCHITKCIS    ANU    WM'LITOKS. 


Mansergli  for  those 
wonderful  dams  in  the 
Mlam  Valley  for  the 
supply  of  water  for  Hir- 
niinghani,  Mr.  Man- 
sergli asked  Professor 
l*ite  and  Sir  Alfred 
Kast,  the  one  an  archi- 
tect, the  other  an  artist, 
to  study  the  site  and 
make  suggestions  to  him 
upon  tiieii-  architectural 
treatment.  The  result 
is  magnificent,  and  no 
one  who  has  seen  those 
works  since  their  com- 
pletion can  fail  to  ))e 
impressed  with  the  beau- 
tiful designs  and  their 
fitness  with  the  surroimdings.  Tn  this  case,  and 
also  in  the  case  of  the  Vyrnwy  Dam  for  the 
storage  of  water  for  Liverpool,  the  utilitarian 
work  of  the  engineei-  has  (-reated  a  beauty  spot 
accessible  to  toui-ists. 

I'OWKK   norsKS. 

Canada,  in  i)roportion  to  her  population,  lias 
in  recent  j^ears  made  enormous  strides  in  the 
development  of  water  j>ower,  and  from  the  At- 
lantic to  the  Pacific  great  develojmients  have 
taken  place.  In  the  design  of  water  power 
plants  there  is  a  great  ()i)j)ortimity  for  the  en- 
gineer to  dignify  his  work  by  i)aying  nmre  at- 
tention to  the  design  of  iK)wer  house  buildings 
and  their  surroundings.  Often  these  power 
plants  are  situated  amidst  magnificent  scenery, 
and  the  only  blots  upon  the  landscape  are  the 
buildings  and  pipe  lines.  There  are,  of  course, 
notable  exceptions,  such  as  the  ])ower  houses  at 
Niagara  (on  the  Canadian  side),  where  an  at- 
tempt has  been  made  to  harmonize  these  plants 


I'llNT   Al.KXANDKA.   I'AKIS.     KXAMl'LK   OK   THE  COLLABORATION    OF   ENGINEERS,   ARCHITECT.S  AND   .SCIU.PTOK.S. 


CONSTRUCTION 


159 


llflUdKtltCIltt    "^ 


..Ltuiuauii  tlUJIitl 

I  ti:;uttttlttUI(ltt 
I  ""lUiAllVUnilll 

1  iiiiiriiiiii'iviiiiu 

I  ItlllMf  MIIIMIII  :, 

I  ttt(;-,it[ruiliitlli  , 

I  )ltlil>uii;riltnii  : 

I  nuiiittitinKiitc  I 

1  niiiiiiiiiiuiiini  I 

[  tiiuiiiitnitiniit  1 

1  Knri'iiiiiMii'.iii  i 
lii:-iinni:uiiiir."T 


ill  Such  a  way  as  not  to  de- 
tract from  the  beauty  of 
the  Falls.  But  too  little 
consideration  has  been 
j?iven  so  far  by  power 
conii)anies  to  erection  of 
buildings  that  will  be  a  de- 
light to  tlie  public.  I  am 
glad  to  note  that  the  water 
power  branch  of  the  De- 
partment of  the  Interior 
has  recently  taken  a  great 
interest  in  this  particular 
matter,  and  has  been  en- 
couraging the  idea  by  of- 
fering prizes  for  the  best 
designs  for  proposed  pow- 
er houses  on  the  Bow  and 
Winnipeg  Rivers.  This  is 
an  excellent  step  forward, 
ami  I  think  when  plans  are  forwarded  to  tlie 
(Jovernment  department  for  ap])roval  the  cjues- 
tion  of  the  design  of  power  house  exteriors 
sliould  also  be  considered  by  the  responsible  of- 
ficials. That  the  architect  can  successfully  make 
a  beautiful  power  liouse,  even  if  constructed  of 
reinforced  concrete  without  other  material,  is 
shown,  I  think  in  the  design  of  Lake  Buntzen 
power  house  No.  2.  .This  plant  has  been  built 
upon  a  site  visible  for  seven  or  eight  miles  on 
an  arm  of  the  sea  that  is  a  favorite  yachting  re- 
sort, and  the  design  is  an  imposing  one  from 
every  point  of  view,  the  -simple  lines  and  mas- 
sive prei)ortions  harmonizing  with  the  precipit- 
ous mountains  in  the  background.  This  matter 
is  largely  in  the  hands  of  the  engineer,  who  is 
not  often  hampered  in  liis  desire  to  produce  a 
fine  building,  and  in  many  cases  by  a  careful 
study  of  pro])ortions  and  the  economical  use  of 
material,  no  extra  cost  will  be  incurred. 


THE    NKW   GKA.NM)   CENTHAI.   KAII.WAY    STATION,    NEW    YORK.       EXAMPLE   OF   COLLABORATION    OF    ENCINEERS 

AND  ARCHITECTS. 


MUNICIPAL    W.\TER    SUPPLIES. 

Tn  muiiicij)al  water  supplies  many  oppor- 
tunities occur  on  a  small  scale  for  graceful 
treatment  of  such  works  as  service  reservoirs, 
water  towers,  acpieducts,  etc.  Tn  Euro])e  and 
many  places  in  the  United  States  there  are 
numbers  of  fine  works,  sbowing  that  municipali- 
ties are  becoming  proud  of  their  property,  and 
while  they  are  seeking  to  make  them  i)ermaneiit, 
iliey  are  also  attempting  to  make  them  beautiful. 

RAILWAY    TERMINALS. 

in  the  design  of  railway  terminals  to-day  it  is 
the  generally  accepted  practice  for  great  rail- 
way cori)oratioiis  to  eini)loy  architects  to  col- 
laborate with  the  engineering  staff;  but  often 
the  architectural  style  adopted  is  a  severely 
classic  one,  which  does  not  seem  to  the  engineer 
to  be  an  exjoression  of  twentieth  century  railway 
progress.  Perhaps  some  day,  under  the  influ- 
ence of  the  engineer,  tlie  architect  will  free  him- 
self from  the  tradi- 
tions of  archjfology 
and  classic  architec- 
ture, and  give  us  a 
railway  architecture 
that  will  be  an  ex- 
j)ression  of  our  mod- 
ern spirit.  Examples 
of  the  collaboration 
of  the  two  profes- 
sions may  be  seen  in 
the  (irand  Central 
and  Pennsylvania 
railway  terminals  of 
New  York,  the  Union 
Terminal  at  Washing- 
ton, 1 ).(".,  and  as  you 
are  aware,  the  col- 
laboration    of     the 


MAIN     DAM     OF    THE    ASHOKAN    KESEKVOIH,    BROWN     STATION,    N.Y.,    LENGTH     1,000     KKET. 

STRHCriTRE  THAT    REQt'IRES    NO   ORNAMENT    BUT    CARE    IN     DESIONINO    PARAI-ET.S. 


M) 


CONSTRUCTION 


archittH't  and  t'lij^iiitu'i*  lias  l)eeu  carried  out  in 
many  of  the  terminals  of  tlic  tliroo  fin'ixt  trans- 
continental railways  in  Canada. 

Ml>nKltN    STKKI,    KKAMK    AND    KEINFOKCED    CONCKKTK 
BUILDIN08. 

In  till'  design  of  inodern  stfol  frame  aud  rein- 
forced concrete  l»uil<lin;>:s  tlie  modern  eiij^ineer 
and  arcliitect  in  Canada  have  in  <*ollal)oration 
one  of  the  most  uiafi;nificent  opi)ortiinities  of 
evolving?  an  arcliitectnral  treatment  of  tlieir 
structures  uidiampered  by  European  traditions. 
We  may,  perhaps,  criticise  the  architect  for  his 
nejjlect  of  a  proper  study  of  the  main  princii)les 
involved  in  the  desi<>n  of  fi:reat  buildinjifs,  as  he 
is  in  danj^er  of  heoominy  merely  the  adorner  or 
decorator  of  structures  for  which  he  is  not  prim- 
arily res|K)nsible.     We  feel,  as  I  have  already 


jfiueers  en^aKed  in  numy  different  branches  of 
the  jtrofession,  and  it  would  l)e  well  if  wc;  as  en- 
jfineers  W(»idd  cordiallv  snpj)()rt  and  assist  the 
efforts  of  the  new  Civic  Improvenu'nt  liea^ue  in 
Cana<la,  so  as  to  make  our  cities  healthier  and 
more  beautiful  in  the  future. 

I    have    alrea<ly    statecl    that    the    canons    of 
l)eaut,v  chaiiire  with  the  advance  of  kuowled^je. 
Old    (Jeorj^e    llei-bert,    in    one   of    his    beautiful 
poems,  has  said: 
"Man  is  all  syimnetry. 

t'ull  of  propoi'tions,  one  limb  to  anothei'. 
And  to  all  the  world  besides, 

Kach  part  may  call  the  farthest  bi-other." 
So,  too,  in  every  well-<lesij;ned  en^ineerinj?  work, 
be  it  a  bi'id^re,  a  dam,  or  a  steel  buililiufi;,  each 
part  has  some  duty  to  perform,  some  si»ecial  de- 
pendence one  part  on  another,  and  it  is  in  the 


ri;Aii;   cocii,    kiuim    kight   ua.nk,    walks 


DAM     OK     UlHMINallAM      W  ATEI!     SITPLV. 


said,  that  the  ornament  on  a  buildiua:  should  ac- 
centuate and  add  to  the  beauty  of  its  propor- 
tions, and  in  the  conijilete  desig'n  the  architect 
and  en.nineer  should  be  in  closest  sympathy.  To 
the  en<>ineer  it  seems  inconi^ruous  to  pile  row  on 
row  of  classic  orders  and  details  one  on  top  of 
tlie  other  in  tlie  facade  of  a  modern  steel  struc- 
ture when  there  is  an  opjvortunity  of  uuuntahi- 
in.i;-  the  leadin!?  lines  of  the  construction. 

TOWN    PLANNING. 

In  another  field  of  activity  there  is  great  scope 
for  the  co-operation  of  the  two  ])rofessions, 
namely,  that  of  town  planninj;.  The  civic  idea 
is  a  very  ancient  one,  aud  has  always  donunated 
tlie  proirressive  s])irit  of  a  great  race,  and  in 
the  creation  of  beautiful  cities  this  cannot  be 
accomplished  l)y  the  landscape  gardener  or 
ai-chitect  alone,  but  by  the  co-operation  of  en- 


proper  study  of  their  functions  alone  that  beau- 
tiful designs  can  be  produced. 

Our  citizens  sliould  take  a  keener  interest  in 
their  great  ])ublic  structures,  and  aspire  to 
something  beyond  mere  utility.  Before  we  can 
expect  them  to  do  so  we  must  consider  our  own 
attitude,  and  endeavor  to  educate  the  jiublic  so 
that  the  standards  of  taste  and  ideals  are  raised 
until  art  in  its  liighest  expression  pervades 
every  j)art  of  our  civic  and  national  life.  We 
need  a  truer  education  of  the  public,  and  of  those 
chief  citizens  whom  the  ])eoi)le,  in  their  collective 
wisdom,  send  to  represent  them  in  council  cham- 
bers and  in  the  Legislature.  As  a  result  of  such 
education  we  ourselves  will  cx'eate  structures 
which  will  stand  as  permanent  monuments  of  a 
people  that  endeavored  not  only  to  produce 
great  works  of  utility,  but  works  of  beauty,  in 
the  service  of  man. 


Some  Elements  of  Smokeless  Furnace  Design 


By  Osborn  Monnett.* 


IT  is  the  piu-jjose  of  this  paper  to  call  attention 
to  the  eliaraeteri.stic's  of  a  few  conventional 
settings  which  have  been  used  in  tlie  })ast,  and 
to  point  out  ways  in  which  they  may  be  im- 
proved from  a  smoke  standpoint  for  territories 
using  high  volatile,  long  flaming  coal. 

HIGH    PRESSURE    POVVEK    HOILERS. 

With  the  many  types  and  shapes  of  boilei-s  on 
tlie  market  to-day  boiler  ])racti('e  gives  oppor- 
tunity for  innumerable  combination  of  stokers 
and  furnaces.  The  type  .selected,  either  of  boil- 
er or  furnace,  does  not  have  as  nmcli  beai'iiig 
on  the  smoke  i)erformance  as  does  the  manner 
in  which  the  combination  is  put  together.  It  is 
sometimes  quite  a  problem  to  get  a  boiler  and 
furnace  connected  in  such  a  manner  that  both 
will  have  a  chance  to  give  the  best  results. 

Clxiiii  (irate.  — P\i:\\c  1,  Fig.  A,  shows  in  out- 


flS.A     Poor 


Vertical  Baffit 


FI6.B    Poor 


Horizontal  Baffit 


'pw/wz/^vwr/ffv. 


FI6.C    Sood 


FIS.   D    So  od 


PLATE    1 — SOME   CHARACTERISTICS   OF   CHAIN    GRATE   SETTINGS. 

line  an  old  type,  chain-grate  setting  with  a 
three  and  one-half  feet  ignition  arch,  the  stoker 
being  set  under  the  boiler  with  a  clearance  of 
six  feet  from  floor  to  front  header.  This  setting 
is  typical  of  the  older  practice  in  chain-grate 
setting,  with  low,  short,  flat  arch,  jtoor  ignition 
and  low  capacity.  Such  an  outflt  cannot  be  con- 
sidered smokeless  when  carrying  any  consider- 
able load.  The  deadening  effect  of  the  bank 
of  tubes  is  such  as  to  extinguish  the  flame  be- 
fore combustion  has  become  complete,  in  the 
same  manner  that  a  wire  netting  will  kill  Uie 
flame  from  a  gas  burner,  the  result  being  a  great 
deal  of  smoke.  While  tiiis  setting  gives  very 
short  flame  travel,  it  must  not  be  inferred  that 
mere  length  of  flame  travel  is  always  enough 
to  insure  a  satisfactory  setting.  It  has  been 
found  that  on  a  long  gas  pass,  unless  some  posi- 
tive means  are  taken  to  cause  a  mixture,  the 
gases  frequently  become  stratified  and  do  not 


'I-reBented  at  a   meeUng  of  the  Ohio  Society  of  Mechanical. 
Klpftnoal   and    Steam    RnRlneors. 


mix,  in  which  case  the  combustion  cannot  be 
com]:)lete. 

In  Fig.  B,  Plate  1,  the  boiler  has  been  raised 
to  ten  feet  under  the  header;  the  ignition  arch 
lengthened  to  five  feet  and  set  full  extension. 
This  allows  more  flame  travel,  but  the  setting 
still  has  some  of  the  defects  of  tlie  first  one  and 
is  not  good  for  high  (!apacities.  One  of  the  prin- 
cipal defects  is  that  the  flow  of  rich  volatile  mat- 
ter may  pass  into  the  bank  of  tubes  in  an  un- 
interi-upted  current  in  the  front  i)art  of  the  fur- 
nace, while  most  of  the  oxygen  necessary  to 
burn  this  volatile  matter  is  passing  in  at  the 
back  i)art.  There  is  a  lack  of  mixture,  and  con- 
sequently incomplete  combustion  and  lo-w 
economy. 

Fig.  C,  Plate  1,  corrects  the  above  defects  by 
using  a  longer  arch,  setting  the  stoker  farther 
under  the  boiler,  decreasing  the  floor  si)ace  oc 
cupied  and  narrowing  up  the  furnace  throat 
opening  so  that  the  volatile  gases  and  air  mix  in 
a  high  temperature  zone,  which  easily  completes 
combustion  on  a  ten-foot  setting.  Experiments 
have  been  made  to  determine  the  best  throat 
opening  for  commercial  use.  Openings  from 
eighteen  inches  to  thirty-six  inches  have  been 
tried  with  success,  the  smaller  ones  being  high 
in  maintenance;  thirty  inches  is  about  the  most 
satisfactory  opening  for  all  around  use. 

Another  factor,  which  has  had  a  marked  effect 
on  the  i)erformance  of  the  later  chain-grate 
settings,  has  been  the  height  of  the  ignition  arcli 
at  the  gate;  where  eleven  inches  was  formerly 
the  standard  height  for  a  flat  arch,  it  has  now 
been  increased  to  fifteen  inches,  and  tlie  slope 
of  the  arch  has  been  increased  to  two  inches  or 
three  inches  per  foot.  Where  the  arch  is  sprung 
across  the  furnace,  it  is  now  set  level,  nine  inches 
above  the  grate  at  the  skewback,  w  ith  a  nine-inch 
spring,  making  eighteen  inches  in  the  centre  of 
the  arch. 

For  the  horizontal  baffle  little  need  be  said 
from  the  smoke  standpoint,  as  this  combination 
is  always  satisfactory.  Fig.  1),  Folate  1,  shows 
a  setting  with  seven  feet  six  inches  liead  room, 
which  can  be  considered  ideal  for  a  chain-grate. 
This  dimension  may  vary  considerably  without 
affecting  the  performance.  Six  feet  six  inches 
may  be  considered  the  minimum  head  room  al- 
lowable. 

It  sometimes  liappens  that,  with  a  tile-roof 
furnace  and  a  low  setting,  the  furnace  gets  so 
liot  as  to  have  a  bad  effect  on  the  life  of  the 
brick  work.  This  can  be  offset  in  many  in- 
stances by  baring  the  lower  row  of  tubes,  using 
T  tile  instead  of  box  tile.     This  allows  more 


161 


162 


CONSTRUCTION 


Yvtical  Baffl- 


I  f)   A     Poor 


Fie.  8    B«tt«r 


Horiionlal  Baffli 


FIG.C  Bof 
PLATE  :-nOUni.KlMl.lNED  BTOKEnS  AND  HOKIZONTAl.  WATER-TUBE  BOILERS. 

rapid  heat  absorption  into  tlio  boiler,  increa.s- 
\\v^  the  life  of  the  briek  work  and  resulting?  in 
a  better  operating  furnace. 

Douhlv  hicliiicd  St(ilc<'i\^.  —  VoY  the  double  in 
eiined  type  of  stoker  the  short  lenj^th  of  flame, 
(risehar,i!:infi-  directly  into  the  })ank  of  tubes,  is 
undesirable  when  the  tire  is  beinj?  worked.  This 
type  of  settinj>'  is  fre(piently  found  installed  in 
a  seven-foot  head  room,  as  in  Fij;.  A,  Plate  2. 
'i'iie  human  element  enters  strongly  into  the  mat- 
ter with  such  a  setting,  owing  to  the  possibility 
of  having  coji.sijderable  volatile  mattei'  pass  off 
rapidly  through  carelessness.  With  a  case  of 
this  kind  it  is  better  to  set  the  boiler  witb  a 
clearance  of  ten  feet,  as  in  B,  giving  more  op- 
portunity for  the  gases  to  complete  their  com- 
bustion. One  of  the  safest  arrangements  is  to 
provide  a  tile-roof  setting  with  an  auxiliary 
i>ridge  wall,  Plate  2,  Fig.  C,  breaking  up  the 
current  of  gases  and  insuring  the  mixture  of 
any  e.xcess  amount  of  volatile  matter  which  may 
pass  off  for  any  cause  whatever.  The  import- 
ance of  setting  this  type  of  furnace  witb  maxi- 
mum Hame  travel  is  not  always  realized. 

in  IMate  ."?,  two  different  types  of  boilers  are 
shown  with  good  antl  bad  combustion  of  double 
inclined  furnaces.  It  is  a  safe  rule  to  get  a  full 
extension  on  this  tyi)e  of  furnace  and  never  re- 
sort to  the  flush  front  setting.  In  the  case  of 
Fig.  A,  l*late  ."5,  the  defect  of  short  flame  travel 
is  corrected  by  providing  a  five-foot  dog-house 
extension  between  the  boiler  and  furnace  and  by 
raising  the  l)()iler  to  get  the  full  benefit  of  the 
heating  surface  as  shown  in  Fig.  B.  Typical 
Stirling  settings  are  shown  in  C  and  1)  with 
Hush  front  and  full  extension  furnaces. 

Froiil-Fccd  Si  ok  e  IS. —  W'xWx  the  front-feed 
stoker  the  same  piactice  should  be  observed  as 
regards  flame  travel.  A  clearance  of  seven  feet 
i>  not  suflicient  to  get  good  results  with  this  tyi)e 
of  stoker  anil  vertically  baffled,  water-tube  boil- 
ers. A  vei  y  much  improved  furnace  can  be 
obtained  by  using  a  head  room  of  ten  feet,  as  in 
Fig.  P>,  Plate  4,  a  (■()nil)iiiation  resulting  very 
>atisract(iiily  fidui  every  standpoint.  This  de- 
sign also  gives  an  opjiortunity  for  employing  a 
veitica!    bridge   wall,    which    is   nearly   always 


found  to  be  a  desirable  feature  wherever  it  can 
be  used,  as  tlie  ra<liating  surface  of  the  hot  l)rick 
helps  to  keep  the  gases  hot  as  they  ))ass  out  of 
the  furnace. 

With  a  horizontal  baffle  it  is  a  simple  nndter 
to  cond»ine  this  type  of  stoker  successfully. 
Sufticient  head  room  only  is  recpiired  to  get  the 
stoker  under  the  front  header.  If  this  cannot 
be  secured  in  the  head  room  avaibible,  it  does 
not  alter  the  effectiveness  of  the  design  to  ex- 
cavate as  shown  in  V\^.  V.  Sometimes  piers,  or 
deflection  arches,  are  used  with  this  setting  to 
bi'eak  up  the  current  of  gases.  Whei'e  a  free 
oj)ening  in  such  a  setting  does  not  go  below  fifty 
])er  cent,  of  the  gi'ate  surface  of  the  stoker, 
such  construction  is  desirable.  On  a  vertical 
boiler  always  get  the  maximum  extension  pos- 
sible within  reason. 

V ndcrfccd  .S7oA:cr.s.— Underfeed  stokers  of 
different  types  require  different  head  rooms. 
See  Plate  o.  The  Jones  and  American  ty])es  can 
give  excellent  results  with  a  head  room  of  eight 
feet  six  inches  for  a  vertically  baffled  boiler,  Fig. 
B,  and  seven  feet  for  a  horizontally  baffled  boil- 
er. In  the  case  of  the  former  the  ett"ort  shouhl 
be  to  provide  enough  flame  travel  to  miinmize 
the  danger  of  unconsumed  volatile  matter  pass- 
ing into  the  bank  tubes. 

In  the  case  of  tubular  boilers  the  above  named 
types  of  stokers  can  be  installed  with  forty-two 
inches  from  the  dead  plate  to  the  shell.  Fig.  (', 
and  the  cond)ination  will  result  in  a  satisfactory 
j)erformance.  With  stokers  of  the  Taylor  type, 
Fig.  D,  a  ten-foot  clearance  under  the  front 
header  makes  an  ideal  combination. 

Hand-Fired  Settings.— One  of  the  most  com- 
mon tyi)es  of  lK)iler  setting  encouidered  is  the 
ordinary  hand-fired,  return-tubular  setting,  such 
as  is  indicated  in  Fig.  A,  Plate  6.  In  this  set- 
ting there  is  no  attempt  inade  to  accomplish  a 
mixture  of  the  gases  aftei-  they  have  passed  the 
bridge  wall.  The  setting,  while  fairly  efticiient 
commercially,  is  very  smoky  with  high  volatile 
coal,  and  many  attempts  iiave  been  nuule  to  i.n- 


FI6   C    Poor  FIG    D    Good 

PLATE    3— DOUBLE-INCLINKD    STOKERS    AND    VERTICAL    BOILERS- 


CONSTRUCTION 


163 


prove  it.  Fif>'.  \i,  Plato  (5,  shows  a  full-exten- 
sion, Duteli-oven  settinjj;,  by  whieli  it  was  at 
tempted  to  improve  the  plain,  haml-tiring  set- 
ting. From  a  smoke  standpoint  the  Dutch-oven 
setting  is  a  po(or  combination.  Contrary  to 
stoker  i)ractice  wliere  the  fuel  is  introduced 
slowly  and  in  small  cpiantities,  there  is  a  con- 
siderable ([uantity  of  coal  throwni  on  the  fire  at 
once.  The  strong-  radiation  from  the  brick  woi-k 
above  the  fire  has  the  effect  -  f  distilling  the 
gases  so  ra])idly  that  puffs  of  dense  smoke  will 
be  made  after  firing  in  spite  of  every  effort  to 
prevent  them.  '  Fig.  C,  Plate  6,  shows  how  to 
correct  this  defect  by  baring  the  shell  to  the 
direct  radiation  of  the  tire.  This  increases  the 
steaming  capacity  and  provides  a  high  tem])era- 
ture  zone  back  of  the  bridge  wall  where  the  gases 
must  mix  positively  against  the  deflection  arch, 
which  breaks  up  the  stratification  and  so  pro- 
motes combustion. 

It  is  not  practical  to  combine  a  hand-fired, 
coal-burning  furnace  with  a  vertically  baffled, 
water-tube  boiler,  but  it  is  a  simple  matter  to 
ai'range  such  a  furnace  with  a  horizontal  baffle, 
carrj'ing  out  the  same  idea  as  in  Fig.  C.  The 
ordinary  hand-fired,  hoi'izontally-baffied,  water- 
tube  boiler  furnace  is  covered  with  box  tile  and 
has  nearly  all  the  defects  of  the  Dutch-oven 
shown  in  P^ig.  B,  as  it  is  practically  a  fire-ljrick 
enclosed  furnace  from  which  the  volatile  gases 
will  be  distilled  at  a  very  rapid  rate.  Fig.  D 
indicates  how  this  can  be  overcome.  The  changes 
indicated  are,  first,  baring  the  first  two  rows  of 
tubes  over  the  fire  by  putting  T  tile  on  the  sec- 
ond row,  thereby  avoiding  the  radiating  effect  of 
a  mass  of  fire  brick;  second,  installing  a  two- 
span  deflection  arch  to  break  up  the  current  of 
gases,  as  in  the  case  of  the  return  tubular  boiler. 
In  both  of  these  furnaces  a  few  sim))le  propor- 
tions should  be  carried  out  to  insure  satisfac- 
tory results.  There  should  be  from  twenty  to 
twenty-five  per  cent,  of  the  grate  surface  in  free 
opening  above  the  bridge  wall.  The  free  open- 
ing from  the  back  of  the  bridge  wall  to  the  de- 
flection arch  should  not  be  less  tlmn  forty  per 


Vertical  Baffle 


fertical  Baffle 


•fertlzal  Baffle 


FIG    A    Poor 


H.f.  T  Boiler 


FIG    B     Good 


Vertical  Baffle 


r  IG.  D  Good 
rLATF.    <— COMBI.NATIONS    OP    KRONTFEED    STOKERS. 


FI6.  C     6ood 


PLATE    B— HEAD    R0OM3    FOR    UNDEK-FEED    STOKERS. 

cent,  of  the  grate  surface,  while  the  free  opening 
under  the  deflection  arch  should  be  fifty  per  cent, 
of  the  grate  surface.  Hand-fired  furnaces  for 
high  pressure  work  should  be  fitted  with  four 
air-syphon  steam  jets,  spaced  across  the  furnace 
above  the  fire  doors,  to  be  used  when  necessary. 

LOW  PKESSURE   HEATING  PLANTS. 

The  foregoing  discussion  has  been  with  refer- 
ence to  high  ])ressure  power  work.  The  low  pres- 
sure heating  plant  presents  a  problem  that  in 
some  respects  is  more  difficult  than  any  encoun- 
tered in  high  pressure  work.  The  plants  are 
not  ordinarily  large  enough  to  justify  stokers, 
and,  even  if  such  was  the  case,  tlie  character  of 
the  attendance  is  not  such  as  would  do  justice 
to  the  equijunent.  The  temperatures  are  lower 
and  no  steam  is  available  for  steam  jets  or  for 
powder  to  drive  apparatus.  With  such  conditions 
as  these  to  meet  it  has  been  found  that  the  down 
draft  principle  works  out  very  well. 

A  little  study  will  show  why  this  is  so.  The 
danger  of  making  smoke  on  a  down  di-aft  fur- 
nace comes  from  getting  green  coal  on  the  lower 
grate,  so  the  longer  the  fire  can  remain  undis- 
turbed the  less  chance  of  making  smoke.  The 
rate  of  combusti<ni  on  heating  loads  is  low,  and 
allows  for  long  periods  during  which  the  fires 
are  not  disturbed  and  no  smoke  is  made.  Dur- 
ing these  undisturbed  periods  there  is  accumu- 
lating on  the  water  grate  a  thick  bed  of  coked 
coal,  which,  when  sliced  down  to  the  lower  grate, 
does  not  make  smoke  because  the  volatile  matter 
has  all  been  distilled  off.  After  slicing,  the  fire 
can  be  heavily  charged  with  fresh  coal,  without 
disturbing  the  fuel  bed  and  consequently  witli- 
out  causing  smoke.  It  is  then  in  shape  for  an- 
other long  undisturbed  period. 

^^nother  advantage  of  the  down  draft  prin- 
ciple on  heating  loads  comes  from  the  fact  that 
although  the  rate  of  combustion  may  be  at  times 
extremely  low,  yet  the  water  element  directly  in 
the  fire  furnishes  a  proportionate  amount  of 
steam  no  matter  how  low  the  combustion;  so  the 
system  is  more  responsive  tlian  would  be  pos- 
sible with  a  plain  grate  boiler. 

The  down  draft  i)rincip]e  can  be  applied  to  re- 


164 


CONSTRUCTION 


ffrifinal  Ptfurn  Tubular 
Soiltr  S^Hing 


Hoilifitl  itHinq  for 
Wattr  Tub*  Boiltr 


PIft.C  %  of  Grate  Surfae* 


ri6,0  Tbof  Orat«  Surfoce 


ri.ATK    «— DEVELOPMENT   OF   HAND-rmED    FURNACE. 

turn  tubular  or  water  tube  boilers  in  the  larirer 
units.  In  these  units  it  is  advisable  to  sprini;- 
an  areli  in  tlie  patli  of  the  fi;as  as  shown  in  Fi,i,'s. 
A  and  B,  Plate  7.  As  the  rate  of  combustion  on 
these  large  units  at  times  ai)i)roximates  power 
conditions,  it  is  desirable  to  ,i>uar(l  asrainst  any 
excessive  amount  of  volatile  nu\tter,  which 
minht  pass  over  durinj^-  these  i)eriods,  by  ])reak- 
in,n-  up  the  current  of  leases  and  giving  them  an 
ojtportunity  to  burn. 

For  small  units  there  has  been  developed  in 
the  past  few  years  a  number  of  types  of  self- 
contained,  steel  and  cast-inm  boilers  embody- 
ing the  down  draft  principle.  In  tlie  former 
tyi)e  the  water  element  consists  of  water  tubes 
or  inpes  extended  into  headers  in  the  ordinary 
manner  and  located  in  the  tire  box  of  a  loconw- 
live-type  Iwiler.  In  the  cast-iron,  down  draft 
type  the  water  element  is  cast  integrally  with 
each  section,  forming  the  ui)i)er  grate,  the  sha])e 
of  the  elements  being  such  as  to  facilitate  the 
slicing  of  coked  coal  dowu  to  the  lower  grate 
without  disturbing  the  main  body  of  fuel  be- 
fore the  volatile  matter  has  been  distilled  from 
it.  This  type  is  made  in  sizes  uj)  to  ten  thousand 
s(|Uiire  feet  of  radiation  in  one  unit,  and  can  be 
installed  several  in  a  battery. 

In  conclusion.  I  wish  to  call  attention  to  the 
ncct'ssity  of  being  in  possession  of  all  the  facts 
before  attcmi)tiiig  to  work  out  any  given  smoke 
problem.  There  are  so  many  variables,  such  as 
iicad  room,  floor  s])ace,  character  of  attendants, 
fuel,  etc.,  to  be  taken  into  consideration  that 
each  job  retpiires  careful  study  before  any  re- 
commendation can  be  nuide.  When  proper  at- 
tention is  given  to  the  matter  there  is  no  (pies- 
tion  hut  what  an  installation  can  be  obtained 
which  will  meet  the  local  conditions. 


GREEK  ART 

Professor  Ilarrower  recently  delivered  a  lec- 
ture on  the  '-rnity  of  Greek  Art"  at  the  Aber- 
deen Architectural  Association,  in  the  course  of 
wliich  he  stated  that  anyone  desirous  of  illus- 
trating all  the  unifving  influences  of  the  art  of 


the  Greeks  would  naturally  choose  sculpture,  but 
some  characteristics  were  presented  even  more 
clearly  in  their  architecture,  such  as  clarity, 
lucidity,  balance,  simplicity,  harmony  and  i)ro- 
poition,  as  well  as  strong  conservatism,  organic 
growth,  and  the  discouragement  of  chaotic  in- 
dividindism,  and.  above  all,  the  appeal  to  sense 
and  intellei't  rather  than  to  emotion.  All  these 
•  lualities  were  to  be  found  in  Greek  literature, 
and  it  was  not  too  much  to  say  that  the  funda- 
mental i)rinci])les  of  Sophoclean  tragedy  took 
concrete  form  in  the  Parthenon.  Greek  theorists 
did  not  i-egard  architecture  as  one  of  the  fine 
arts,  for  it  was  not  mimeiic  and  did  not  rejjre- 
sent  anything,  least  of  all  that  which  the  Gi-eeks 
considered  as  the  proper  object  of  artistic  repre- 
sentation, the  human  form  and  the  human  spirit. 
Plato  united  architectui-e  with  music  as  possess- 
ing an  ethical  value  and  influence,  ft  was  a 
conunon  Greek  belief  that  a  man  could  ruin  him- 
self body  and  soul  by  bad  music  as  surely  as  by 
drunkenness  or  any  other  vice.  Professor  nar- 
rower went  on  to  say  that  he  himself  was  in- 
sensitive to  architecture,  and  if  any  architect 
chose  to  put  two  hopelessly  degraded  copies  of 
the  Choragic  monument  of  Lysicrates  one  above 
the  other  to  form  a  tower,  he  did  not  gnash  his 
teeth,  but  supposed  it  was  classic  and  i-iglit ! 
Xot  the  least  entertaining  suggestion  of  a  clever 
paper  was  the  reference  to  Mr.  Andrew  Car- 
negie, who  said  they  would  not  find  one  en- 
nobling thought  in  Homer's  barbarisms.  "This 
criticism,"  tlie  professor  .said,  "should  be  listen- 
ed to  with  the  respect  due  to  Mr.  Carnegie's 
well-known  critical  eminence  and  fine  literary 
taste."  Such  addresses,  though  they  ccmvey  lit- 
tle fact,  are  useful  and  illuinimiting  to  the  archi- 
tectural student,  showing  as  they  do  the  range  of 
mental  inuiges  which  is  oidy  i)Ossessed  by  those 
whose  education  is  not  bounded  by  the  limits  of 
their  calling. 


DetoUt  of  Stngr*  ond  Double  Spor  D«f  lection  Arches 


F  I  0  .  C   Fir«  Bo 

ri6.D  Cast  Iron 
PLATE   T— TYPES  OF   DOWN   DR.VFT  EQUIPMENT   FOR   HEATING  LOADS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


165 


OCNSmJCTOM 

K  JOURNAL-  FORTHE  ■  ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERJNG  •  AND  ■  CONTRACTING 

INTERESTS  •  OF  •  CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER,  LIMITED,  PUBLISHERS 

WESTON  WRIGLEY.  GENERAL  MANAGER 
Corner  Richmond  and  Shcppard  Streets 

Toronto  -  -  Lanada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 

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CORRESPONDENCE. — All  correspondence  should  be  addressed 
to  "CONSTRUCTION,"  Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard 
Stree'ts.    Toronto,   Canada. 

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KOITOU   .\XD   MAX.\GKR 


Vol.  IX         Toronto.  May,  1916  No.  5 

CANADIAN    HOTELS 

Canada  owes  niueli  to  tlie  g-reat  railway  eor- 
poration.s  in  ostablisliijig  a  .system  of  hotels  that, 
for  appearance  and  comfort,  are  not  surpassed 
anywhere  in  the  world.  The  two  most  recent  ad- 
ditions to  this  group,  the  Hotel  Vancouver  at 
Vancouver,  B.C.,  and  the  Hotel  MacDonald  at 
Edmonton,  which  are  featured  in  this  issue,  are 
not  only  noteworthy  examples  of  the  architec- 
ture of  the  country,  but  exemplify  in  a  striking 
manner  the  faith  of  the  railway  companies  in 
our  Canadian  West.  They  have  both  been  built 
at  a  period  when  in  most  lines,  both  on  the 
Prairies  and  in  British  Columbia,  develo|)ment 
was  at  a  standstill.  There  is  no  donbt  but  that 
the  early  future,  if  not  the  immediate  present, 
will  amply  justify  the  enterprise  dis])layed  in 
the  erection  of  these  two  sui)erioi-  structures. 


ARCHITECTS  AND  ENGINEERS  IN 
COLLABORATION 

The  article  in  this  issue  by  Mr.  G.  R.  G.  Con- 
way, entitled  "The  Engineer  and  Standards  of 
Beauty,"  is  of  more  than  passing  interest  to  all 


architects  and  engineers,  and  strikes  a  chord 
that  reaches  the  very  heart  of  a  situation  that 
calls  for  consideration  and  action.  In  this  article 
the  author  makes  a  plea  for  closer  co-operation 
between  these  two  important  professions  and 
points  out  a  number  of  notable  achievements  the 
result  of  the  collaboration  of  the  architect  and 
the  engineer.  It  is  a  lamentable  fact  that  many 
engineering  structures  possess  a  degree  of  ugli- 
ness that  make  them  an  eyesore  to  the  neighbor- 
hood in  which  they  are  situated,  and  which 
would  not  have  been  erected  had  the  services  of 
an  architect  been  secured  to  act  in  conjunction 
with  the  engineer.  That  the  two  i)rofessions 
can  work  in  close  harmony  and  symj)athy  are 
exemplified  in  the  Grand  Central  and  Pennsyl- 
vania railway  terminals  in  New  York,  and  the 
Woolworth  building  of  the  same  city,  and  in 
Canada  by  the  Birks  building  in  Vancouver  and 
the  Lake  Buntzcn  jiower  house,  to  which  might 
be  added  other  examples  showing  conclusively 
that  this  procedure  is  the  proper  one  to  follow. 
This  ([uestion  was  discussed  by  Professor  W.  R. 
Lethaby,  F.R.I. B.A.,  in  an  address,  which  shows 
the  extreme  attitude  of  the  architect  towards 
the  engineer,  in  which  he  says  in  i)art  "I  feel 
strongly  that  the  engineer  and  the  architect  are 
clearly  called  to  the  reform  of  one  another.  Per- 
lia)is  as  the  more  pleasant  side  of  the  dual  prob- 
lem we  may  speak  of  the  reform  of  the  engineer 
first.  Now,  it  seems  to  me  that  there  is  a  scien- 
tific cant  about  which  is  every  whit  as  harmful 
as  artistic  cant.  The  engineer  seems  to  take  it 
for  granted  that  his  is  the  high  destiny  to  make 
the  world  hideous.  He  stands  above  human  con- 
siderations; the  powers  with  which  he  deals 
have  'come  to  staj^,'  and  so  on.  As  far  as  we  can 
see  he  looks  forward  to  a  time  when  England 
shall  be  like  Clapham  Junction  all  over.  He 
does  not  seem  to  stoj)  to  inquire  whether  it  be 
desirable  or  not,  nor,  having  made  up  his  mind 
that  it  is  desirable,  does  he  stand  on  the  order 
of  his  doing.  He  loves  to  run  at  odd  angles,  to 
wriggle  about  as  in  the  tube  passages,  to  strap 
girder  to  girder,  and  trig  and  hitch  them  up  in 
the  most  (it  seems  to  a  mere  architect)  shabby 
and  awkward  waj"  he  can  think  of.  Witness  the 
wonderful  air  tubes  lately  added  to  the  train 
tubes.    It  is  all  haphazard. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  average  engineer  is 
apt  to  look  upon  the  architect  as  an  idealist, 
whose  first  reciuirement  is  appearance,  utility 
being  a  secondary  consideration.  These  view- 
l)oints  show  that  there  is  ami)le  room  for  a  bet- 
ter understanding  between  the  architect  and  the 
engineer.  It  is  obvious  that  by  working  one 
with  the  other  they  can  achieve  results  which 
neither  one  could  alone,  enriching  both  architec- 
ture and  engineering,  and  producing  examples 
of  construction  which  will  be  liighly  efficient  and 
have  every  requirement  as  to  appearance  that 
iiuiv  be  desired. 


Architectural  Digest 

Articles  of  More  Than    Passing  Interest  From  Our  Contemporaries 


LIVING    ART. 

A  review  of  the  jfreut  architectural  periods  of  hlHtory  reveals 
a  fiu't  which  we  helieve  Is  frei|ueritly  lost  sight  of  now,  and 
which  partially  accmiiits  for  the  poverty  of  the  architectural 
results  which  dlstliiKulsh  the  work  of  the  present  day.  In  the 
past  the  architect,  whether  in  the  form  of  a  master  mason  or 
master  craftsman  of  medlieval  times,  or  in  that  of  the  archi- 
tects of  the  early  Renaissance  period,  trained  In  a  bottega  and 
familiar  with  the  allied  arts,  both  in  practice  and  theory,  may 
tie  said  to  have  held  the  view  that  art  was  one  and  indivisible. 
We  cannot  Imagine  the  designers  of  the  great  works  of  medl- 
icval  Krance  employing  sculpture  as  an  accessory  feature; 
they  were  rather  working.  In  conjunction  with  the  Imagers,  to 
crate  a  masterpiece  by  the  means  of  the  common  fund  of  skill, 
which   was  the  heritage  of  the  craftsmen  of  the  day. 

The  .Mediaeval  cathedral  and  the  mediaeval  bridge  were  alike 
the  expression  of  the  greatest  engineering  knowledge  of  the 
age:  In  fact.  It  is  very  questionable  whether,  given  stone  alone 
as  a  means  of  structure,  the  most  skilful  modern  engineer  could 
liroduce  anything  more  scientific  than  the  vaults  and  supports 
of  Kelms,  .\mlens,  and  Ueauvais,  or  more  intricate  than  Henry 
VII.  H  Chapel.  The  medlieval  builders  a  tthe  culmination  of  the 
Cothic  period,  whether  we  cal  Ithem  master  masons,  architects, 
imagers,  or  sculptors,  put  the  whole  knowledge  and  skill  of  the 
times  into  the  solution  of  the  problems  before  them,  with  the 
result  that  the  buildings  erected  suriiass  those  of  later  agres  In 
unity  of  conception  and  the  expression  of  power. 

The  (jreeks  consciously  limited  their  constructive  inoblems, 
which  were  neither  complicated  nor  difficult;  but  their  archi- 
tecture, divorced  from  its  sculptural  accessories,  would  be  In- 
complete compared  with  the  results  which  were  produced.  The 
Greek  temple  without  Its  sculptured  pediment  would  never  have 
impressed  the  world  with  the  sense  of  matchless  perfection 
which  we  admire,  nor  can  there  be  a  doubt  that  the  exponents 
of  the  two  arts  worked  side  by  side  in  ab.solute  co-operation 
and    understanding  of  each    other's  objects. 

In  Kgyptian  architecture  It  is  painting  rather  than  sculpture 
which  was  called  to  the  aid  of  architecture,  but  the  pages  of 
Chanjpolllon  show  how  much  the  Kgyptian  painters  added  to 
the  meaning  of  architecture,  add  how  completely  the  two  arts 
were  interdependent  on  one  another;  and  In  the  days  of  the 
Kenalssance  we  see  the  added  effect  given  to  architecture  by 
the  men  who  more  thoroughly  than  any  other  understood  the 
lorrelation  and  Interdependence  of  the  arts.  In  the  case  of  Alfred 
Stevens  we  see  how  the  systematic  study  of  Vhe  three  arts  enabled 
a  man  who  lived  In  a  nadir  of  European  artistic  history  to 
produce  a  work  such  as  the  AVelllngton  Memorial,  in  which  we 
liave  the  expression  of  architectural  and  sculptural  art  as  one 
indivisible  unit,  not  as  accessory  additions  to  one  another; 
whereas  now  architect  and  sculptor  pursue  their  ways  inde- 
pendently, calling  upon  each  other's  help  when  the  essential 
lines  of  structure  are  too  far  advanced  to  permit  the  combined 
expression  of  art  as  a  whole.  So  in  our  bridge  building  the 
architect  is  eliminated  excei>t  in  a  subordinate  capacity.  In 
which  he  is  called  in  to  tone  down  mistakes  which  are  ineradic- 
able and  which  absolutely  mar  a  whole  conception.  It  Is 
<iifficult  in  the  complexity  and  specialisation  of  our  modern 
life  to  suggest  an  adequate  remedy.  Few  of  our  achltect^  have 
the  means  or  the  enthusiasm  and  love  for  art  which  can  replace 
means  tt)  follow  in  the  steps  of  Stevens  and  give  the  best  years 
of  their  lives,  not  to  gaining  connection  and  clients,  but  to 
acquiring  such  a  knowledge  of  art  as  a  whole  as  will  enable 
them  to  deal  w'ith  its  greater  problems;  nor,  it  must  be  added, 
could  many  achieve  the  results  produced  of  a  great  genius  like 
Stevens;  though,  on  the  other  hand,  we  doubt  not  that  If  forty 
architectural  studnets  followed  in  his  footsteps  year  by  year  the 
whole  history  of  modern  English  architecture  would  be  re- 
volutionized. 

The  other  alternative  seems  to  require  specialization  in  the 
direction  of  effort  and  determination  to  seek  fortune  along 
certain  considered  lines,  and  involves  the  architect  whose  bent 
is  to  undertake  the  solution  of  great  constructional  i>roblems 
like  bridge  building,  factory  and  warehouse  construction,  and 
J'ailway  architecture,  associating  himself  not  with  another 
architect  but  with  an  engineer  No  man  can  call  in  and  work 
in  perfect  harmony  with  an  expei't  in  another  calling — which 
is  what  sa-tlsfactory  design  necessitates;  but  if  he  undertakes 
his  life  work  in  partnership  -with  such  a  man  the  two  will  learn 
to  understand  each  other's  principles  and  will  know  exactly 
where  and  how  they  can  best  employ  their  joint  efforts.  In  the 
.^ame  wa\-  the  architect  who  seeke  his  fortune  in  the  direction 
of  the  solution  of  monumental  design  would  be  immensely  aide<l 
by  working  in  partnershi)!  with  a  sculptor,  a  painter,  or  with 
both;  it  is.  we  feel,  in  some  such  manner  alone  that  we  can 
again  ))roduce  living  art.  Mr.  T.  P.  Bennett.  .A.R.I.B..\..  has 
written  a  useful  little  bood  entitled  "The  Relation  of  Sculpture 
to  .\rchitecture  "•  which  should  serve  a  useful  purpo.se  in  call- 
ing attention  to  a  very  important  subject  which  Is  little  under- 
stood. The  greater  architectural  success  of  modern  French 
work  is  due  not  alone  to  the  better  education  acquired  by  the 
average  Fiench  architect,  but  also  to  the  recognition  that 
architect  and  sculptor  should  understand  the  jirinclples  of  each 
other's  arts  and  work  together  for  a  common  end.  The  design 
of  the  modern  French  monument  is  the  result  of  the  closeness 
of  this  co-operation,  and  in  many  cases  they  are  worthy  suc- 
<'e.ssors  of  the  great  works  of  the  Renaissance;  whereas  In  this 
countr\-  if  all  the  monuments  erected  during  last  century  could 
be  swept  away  we  should  be  gainers  and  not  losers  on  a  balance. 

But  no  manuals  for  the  architect  can  enable  him  to  dispense 
with  the  personal  co-operation  of  the  sculptor,  and  it  may  be 
suggested  that  if  our  stpdents  spent  a  year  or  a  year  and  .a  half 
stndyim,'  siile  lu  side  with  sculptors  in  the  schools  they  would 
lully  under.staiiil  this  themselves.  It  is  only  the  uninitiated  and 
the  ignorant  wh.i  will  ever  underrate  the  comidexity  and  in- 
tricacy of  the  i>roblems  of  another  art  or  imagine  that  In  their 
own    person    they   can    ever    be    absolute   arbiters    in    matters   of 


ii>8thellcs.  The  genius  of  Stevens,  stimulated  by  years  of 
training,  enabled  him  to  design  and  carry  out  a  great  monu- 
ment which  belongs  to  architectural  and  sculptural  art  alike; 
but  the  training  he  had  would  not  have  enabled  him  to  cope 
with  a  practical  problem  without  a  further  long  period  of  ap- 
prenticeship. Our  work  must  always  be  undertaken  with  a 
knowledge  that  we  are  handicapped  by  the  short  spon  of  human 
life,  that  limitation  which  prevented  the  genius  of  Stevens  from 
lieing  of  the  service.  It  might  have  been  to  humanity  and  art. 

Only  the  co-operation  and  understanding  can  we  emulate 
the  work  of  the  artists  of  the  past,  which  was  the  result  of  the 
collective  work  of  artists  in  different  types;  only  In  that  way 
can  living  art  be  produced  and  the  sum  of  beauty  increased  In 
spite  of  the  eternal  truth  of  the  saying,  ".\rs  loiiga,  vita  brevis 
est."— "The   Builder." 


IMPORTANCE    OF    LINSEED    OIL. 

Of  all  the  materials  which  obtain  mention  In  an  architect's 
specification  thei'e  are  few  that  receive  so  little  attention  in  the 
supervision  of  work  in  execution  as  linseed  oil.  Specifications 
too  often  require  that  all  the  paint  is  to  be  mixed  with  "best 
linseed  oil."  others,  whose  authors  are  acquainted  with  the 
fact  that  In  the  trade  "best"  linseed  oil  Is  not  the  highest 
quality,  stipulate  that  "genuine"  Unseed  oil  is  to  be  used.  As 
very  much  of  the  satisfaction  of  an  architect's  clients  is  affected 
by  the  "behavior  of  the  paint,  It  seems  worth  while  to  give  some 
further  consideration  to  the  humble  and  neglected  component, 
Unseed  oil. 

There  are  few  branches  of  the  building  trade  In  which  In- 
different and  scamped  work  are  more  prevalent  than  the 
painter's,  and  much  of  the  difference  between  good  and  bad 
work  is  due  to  the  great  variations  In  quality,  and  hence  In 
durability,  of  paint  that  are  possible  in  the  vehicle.  These 
variations  are  due,  first,  to  the  nature  of  the  raw  material  from 
which  the  oil  is  expressed;  second,  to  numerous  alternatives 
that  may  be  adopted  In  the  preparation;  third,  to  the  degree  of 
purity  that  Is  to  be  found  in  the  finished  product. 

The  property  which  gives  linseed  oil  Its  special  value  as  a 
vehicle  In  paint  is  that  when  fexposed  to  the  air  it  gradually 
dries  and  hardens  into  a  solid  substance,  more  or  less  trans- 
parent, somewhat  elastic,  and  Insoluble  in  water.  This  drying 
and  hardening  is  the  result  of  absorption  from  the  atmosphere 
of  a  large  quantity  of  oxygen,  forming  a  t>ody  known  as  linoxyn, 
the  final  oxidation  product  of  linseed  oil  when  exposed  to  the 
air.  The  criterion  of  quality  as  a  component  of  paint  distin- 
guishing various  specimens  of  oil  ma.v  be  stated  as  the  relative 
proportion  of  oxygen  that  each  will  absorb. 

The  raw  material  from  which  linseed  oil  is  expressed  Is  the 
seed  of  the  flax  plant,  and  the  quality  of  the  oil  depends  In  the 
first  Instance  on  the  source  from  which  the  seed  is  obtained. 
Baltic  seed  comes  from  Riga  and  other  ports  on  the  Baltic  coast 
of  Russia,  and  is  the  seed  of  flax  grown  In  the  north  of  Russia; 
Black  Sea  seed  comes  from  Odessa  and  other  ports  on  the  Black 
Sea  and  Is  grown  in  the  south  of  Russia;  American  seed  comes 
chiefly  fiom  the  Argentine,  and  East  India  seed  is  exported 
from  Calcutta  and  Bombay.  The  relative  excellence  of  the  oil 
obtained  from  these  sources  Is  denoted  by  the  number  of  cubic 
centimetres  of  oxygen  absorbed  by  one  gramme  of  each,  which 
is  given  as;  Baltic  oil.  191;  Black  Sea  oil,  186;  .\merlcan  oil, 
156;   East   Indian    (Bombay),   130;   Calcutta.   126. 

■The  seed  as  imported  is  seldom  free  from  dirt  and  other 
seeds,  such  as  those  of  hemp  and  rape,  the  oils  from  which  are 
very  inferior  in  drying  property  to  linseed.  These  seeds  are 
usually  smaller  than  linseed,  and  can  therefore  be  separated  by 
sieving,  and  the  first  variant  of  quality,  due  to  tnanufacture, 
depends  upon  the  thoroughness  of  this  preliminary  operation. 

Oil  is  obtained  from  the  seed  by  crushing  and  pressing,  and 
in  these  operations  there  are  again  variations  which  affect  the 
quality  of  the  oil.  The  very  best  is  the  result  of  crushing  and 
pressing  cold,  but  commercial  oil  is  nowadays  practically  always 
prepared  by  hot  pressing,  which  is  far  more  economical  and 
secures  a  more  thorough  expression,  though  the  oil  contains  a 
much  larger  proportion  of  mucilaginous  matter,  chlorophyll,  etc.. 
which  impair  its  quality.  Two  systems  of  oil  extraction  are 
used,  the  English  and  the  .\nglo-.\merlcan.  These  do  not 
differ  greatly,  and  their  results  do  not  materially  vary  in  quality. 

The  oil,  as  it  comes  from  the  press,  is  known  as  raw  or 
unrefined  linseed  oil.  It  is  not  clear  and  bright,  but  cloudy, 
and  contains  impurities  detrimental  to  its  employment  as  a 
paint  component,  and  these  must  therefore  be  removed  as  far 
as  possible  to  produce  "refined  linseed  oil."  Refining  formerly 
was  effected  by  exposing  the  oil  to  sunlight  for  some  months 
in  glass  vessels  or  shallow  tanks;  but  this  method  Is  slow  and 
co.stly,  and  for  commercial  oil  is  now  superseded  by  treatment 
with  heat  and  sulphuric  acid.  The  sun-refined  oil  is.  however, 
undoubtedly  much  superior  in  quality,  and  for  picture-painting 
should  always  be  preferred. 

High  as  is  the  capacity  of  raw  linseed  oil  in  its  pure  and 
natural  state  for  drying  by  the  absorption  of  oxygen,  this  capa- 
bility can  be  increased  by  heating  the  oil  to  a  temperature  of 
400  deg.  to  ,')00  deg.  F.  for  a  few  hours,  and  still  further  by  the 
addition  of  certain  bodies  known  as  "driers."  Oil  thus  treated 
is  described  as  boiled  Unseed  oil.  The  boiling  ma,\-  be  effected 
by  direct  action  of  fire  upon  the  containing  vessel  or  by  steam 
heating,  or  boiled  oil  can  be  j^roduced  by  chemical  process, 
aided  by  moderate  heat  and  the  injection  of  air.  By  whatever 
method  it  is  produced,  boiled  oil  is  thicker  and  dries  more 
rapidly  than  raw  oil  to  a  hard,  lustrous  coat.  It  is,  however, 
usually  darker  in  color,  aiul  the  extent  of  the  darkening  is  in 
the  fire-heating  process  determined  by  the  degree  of  tempera- 
ture and  time  expended  on  the  ojjeration.  As  for  painter's  use 
a  light-colored  oil  is  usually  preferable,  the  alternative  methods 
have  been  introduced  with  the  object  of  attaining  this  desidera- 
tum.     .\    very    satisfactory    pale,    quick-drying   oil    can    be    pro- 


166 


CONSTRUCTION 


167 


tluced  by  the  action  ot  concentrated  actinic  light  from  Uviol 
lamps  on  raw  oil  kept  at  a  temperature  of  about  ISO  cleg.  F. 
whilst  oxygen  is  passed  through  it  in  a  fine  stream.  For  the 
manufacture  of  enamel  paints  a  very  much  thickened  oil  1» 
lirepared  by  keeping  the  raw  linseed  oil  at  a  high  temperatuie 
lor  a  considerable  time  in  the  presence  of  air,  but  without  the 
addition  of  driers — i.e.,   by  boiilng  to  excess,   so  to  speak. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  there  are  in  the  manufacture  of 
linseed  oil.  whether  raw  or  boiled,  many  operations  which  may 
be  more  or  less  carefully  and  skilfully  performed,  as  well  as 
variant  methods  which  affect  the  result,  so  that  manufacture 
as  well  as  raw  material  is  a  determining  factor  of  ultimate 
quahty.  In  the  preliminary  process  of  manufacture  it  was 
shown  that  incomplete  cleansing  of  the  seed  might  entail  the 
presence  of  inferior  oils  in  the  finished  product.  We  are.  how- 
ever, subject  to  the  possit)ility  of  inferior  oils  being  also  added 
as  adulterants.  Boiled  oil  is  in  addition  open  to  substitution 
of  many  varied  mixtures,  some  of  which  nearly  approach  good 
genuine    oil   in    quality,    though    the   majority   are    very   inferior. 

Adulterants  of  linseed  oil  are  chiefly  mineral  and  rosin  oils. 
The  latter  is  particularly  objectionable  by  reason  of  a  peculiar 
feature  in  its  drying  properties.  It  dries,  but  in  the  course  of 
a  few  weeks  the  coat  becomes  soft  and  tacky  again,  and  even 
if  rosin  oil  is  used  for  a  bottom  coat  and  good  linseed  oil  paint 
laid  over  it,  the  defect  will  make  itself  apparent.  As  the  drying 
oils  are  highly  complex  organic  substances,  and  their  value  as 
components  of  paint  depends  upon  certain  ill-defined  and  little 
understood  properties,  accurate  valuation  is  a  matter  of  some 
dilflculty,  and  only   to  be  attempted  by  expert  oil  chemists. 

A  simple  test  foi-  the  presence  of  rosin  or  of  mineral  oils  in 
either  raw  or  boiled  linseed  oil  is  to  boil  a  small  quantity  with 
an  alcoholic  solution  of  caustic  potash  until  it  is  completely 
saponified,  then  pour  the  solution  into  water;  if  the  oil  be  pure, 
a  clear  mixture  will  be  obtained:  if  it  contains  either  of  the 
oils  named,  it  will  be  cloudv  and  turbid. 

The  flash  point  is  also  a  good  test  for  detecting  the  adultera- 
tion of  linseed  oil  with  mineral  or  rosin  oils.  Linseed  oil, 
whether  raw  or  boiled,  flashes  at  about  570  deg.  F.  Mineral 
oils,  such  as  are  used  for  its  adulteration,  flash  at.  from  380  deg. 
to  420  deg.  F..  and  rosin  oil  at  from  300  deg.  to  330  deg.  F. 

As  the  value  of  an  oil  for  use  in  paint  depends  ver.v  largely 
upon  the  extent  to  which  it  can  absorb  oxygen,  it  is  fortunate 
that  this  can  be  determined  by  the-  amount  of  bromine  or 
iodine  that  will  combine  with  the  oil  to  form  derivatives,  and 
this  amount  is  expressed  by  what  is  termed  the  iodine  value. 
This  for  linseed  oil  is  173-200,  that  of  rosin  oil  is  2S,  and  of 
mineral  oil  practically  nil,  whilst  hemp,  rape  and  other  usual 
accidental  adulterants  of  lesser  drying  quality  all  have  lower 
figures  than  linseed.  If,  therefore,  a  sample  of  drying  oil  has 
a  low  iodine  value,  it  indicates  a  poor  quality  or  adulteration 
with    non-drying    oil. — The    Architect. 


PERSONAL. 


E.  R.  Beckwith.  architect,  Kingston,  Ont.,  is  about  to  leave 
for  England   for  a  visit  of  a  few  months. 

C.  L.  Gibbs,  architect,  of  Edmonton,  Alta.,  has  enlisted  and 
will  go  overseas  with  the  University  of  Alberta  Company. 

Messrs.  Leonard  Foulds  and  A.  B.  Bowes,  structural  and 
civil  engmeers.  are  now  located  in  their  new  office,  166  Bay 
street,   Toronto. 

W.  J.  T.  Wright,  formerly  of  Wright  &  Howard,  consulting 
engmeers,  121  Simcoe  street,  is  now  Senior  I^ieutenant  of  the 
67th  Overseas  Depot  Battery. 

Messrs.  Wm.  Steele  Sons  Co..  Philadelphia.  Pa.,  architects 
and  engineers,  have  opened  a  Canadian  office  in  the  Rvrie 
Building,  Yonge  and  Shuter  streets,  Toronto. 

The  office  of  Eustace  G.  Bird,  architect,  formerly  in  the 
Lank  of  Toronto  Building,  is  now  located  in  the  Grand  Trunk 
Huilding.  corner  of  King  and  Yonge  streets,  Toronto. 

John  T.  Howard,  formerly  ot  Wright  and  Howard,  consulting 
engineers,  121  Simcoe  street,  is  now  with  the  firm  of  James 
Loudon  &   Hertzberg,    Excelsior  Life   Building,    Toronto. 

Captain  Hertzberg.  of  James.  Loudon  &  Hertsberg,  To- 
ronto, who  IS  now  with  the  Canadian  Engineers  in  France  has 
been  awarded  the  Military  Cro.ss  for  distinguished  conduct. 

Mr.  Clare  McGiffln,  of  W.  R.  McGiffln  &  Co..  Ltd.  general 
contractors,  Toronto,  was  married  on  April  26th,  and,  after  an 
extended  trip  to  American  cities,  will  reside  in  a  new  home 
recently  completed   near  the  Old  Mill  on  the  Humber  river. 

„  **•  ,.^*1*'',  ^'*^'',  "■*'°  has  been  advertising  manager  of  the 
Consolidated  Lngineenng  Company,  Chicago,  111.,  and  formerly 
of  the  Fhntkote  Mfg.  Co.,  Boston.  Mass..  has  accepted  the  posi- 
tion of  advertising  manager  of  the  National  Radiator  Company, 
Johnstown,    Pa. 

Messrs.  Vallance.  Archibald  and  Chausse.  architects,  of 
Montreal,  and  J.  W .  H.  Watts,  architect,  of  Ottawa  represent- 
ing the  executive  committee  of  the  Royal  Architectural  Insti- 
tute of  Canada,  were  entertained  at  a  luncheon  given  by  the 
Toronto  Chapter,  at  the  -N'ational  Club  on  April  22nd. 

The  International  Time  Recording  Companv  of  Canada  Ltd 
has  recently  moved  into  their  new  home,  corner  of  William  and 
Anderson  streets  Toronto.  Mr.  F.  E.  Mutton,  late  of  the  Na- 
tional Cash  Register  Co..  where  he  occupied  the  position  of 
Canadian  District  Manager,  has  been  apjiointed  general  man- 
ag'er. 

1  i'^  «li^'?''''',?.>?''!**?"^"''*''P  (-'ongress-  will  be  held  in  Detroit, 
July  »th  to  12th  inclusive,  which  will  be  attended  bv  delegates 
from  all  parts  of  the  world.  It  is  expected  that  Presdient  Wil- 
son will  deliver  the  opening  address,  and  to  insure  his  attend- 
ance a  nrionster  petition  has  been  presented  at  the  White  House 
hearing  the  signatures  of  five  thousand  Detroit  business  men. 
Because  Hugh  Watklns.  quantity  surveyor,  of  London  Eng 
for  the  new  Parliament  Buildings.  Winnipeg,  is  of  militarv  age 
he  was  unable  to  secure  a  passport  to  this  country,  in  order  to 
work  In  connection  with  the  local  structure,  and  the  Depart- 
ment of  Public  Works  had  to  write  to  the  Canadian  High  Com- 
missioner In  London,  asking  that  the  expert  be  allowed  to  come 
to  Canada.  The  plans  for  the  new  dome  are  completed  in  Lon- 
..on.  The  final  assembling  of  the  material  in  Winnipeg  will  be 
done  by  Mr.  Watklns,  and  he  will  get  the  quantities  surveyed 
and  put  into  shape  before  tenders  for  the  construction  of  the 
dome  are  called. 


The  Canadian  Kaustiiie  Co..  C.P.R.  Building,  Toronto,  are 
interesting  the  Canadian  architects  and  others  in  their  system 
of  sewage  disposal,  as  described  in  literature  recently  issued, 
which  explains  their  apparatus  for  contributing  to  the  health 
and  comfort  of  the  rural  home,  school  or  other  buildings  situ- 
ated in  districts  lacking  sewers.  The  claim  is  made  of  superior- 
ity over  septic  tanks  or  other  means  of  sewage  disposal. 

Victoria.  B.C. — The  Minister  of  Lands  announces  the  issue 
of  Timber  Series  Bulletin  No.  16,  entitled  "British  Columbia 
Western  Larch."  Known  variously  as  tamarack,  red  American 
larch,  larch.  Western  tamarack  and  hackmatack,  the  sterling 
qualities  of  this  species  are  described  in  the  bulletin  for  the 
information  of  lumber  dealers  and  wood-users.  The  annual  cut 
in  British  Columbia  of  late  years  has  averaged  sixty-two  mil- 
lion feet  board  measure,  the  range  of  Western  larch  being  be- 
tween the  Rockies  and  the  Cascades,  south  of  the  main  line  of 
the  C.P.R.  Suitable  for  many  uses,  and  in  some  unsurpassed. 
Westei-n  larch  supplies  material  for  dimension,  poles,  piles  and 
posts,  ties,  framing,  outside  and  interior  finish,  tanks,  troughs, 
grain  elevators,  refrigerators,  silo  stock,  wood-paving,  telephone 
cross  arms,  fencing,  etc.  Copies  will  be  mailed  upon  application 
to  the  Forest  Branoli.   Victoria,  B.C. 


■ ■  »  ■ 

WILL    ADVERTISE    TORONTO. 

The  Publicity  Committee,  which  was  recently  appointed  to 
prepare  a  report  on  the  advancing  of  Toronto's  interests  as  a 
manufacturing  and  commercial  centre,  has  recommended  the 
creation  of  a  Central  Bureau,  with  the  duty  of  reception  of 
visitors  and  delegates  to  conventions,  the  advertising  of  the 
city,  and  showing  to  prospective  investors  the  industrial  sites 
and  commercial  activities  of  Toronto. 


TECHNICAL    SOCIETIES. 

ALBERTA  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— President, 
Jas.  A.  Henderson,  F.R.I.,  B,A.,  Edmonton;  Hon.  Secretary,  W. 
D.  Cromarty,  Edmonton. 

ARCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 
— President,  R.  Mackay  Fripp;  Secretary,  Fred  L.  Townley,  325 
Homer  St.,  Vancouver,  B.C. 

CANADIAN  CEMENT  AND  CONCRETE  ASSOCIATION.— 
President,  Peter  Gillespie,  Toronto,  Ont.;  Secretary-Treasurer, 
Wm.   Snaith,  The  Thor  Iron  Works,  Toronto,   Ont. 

CANADIAN  CLAY'  PRODUCTS'  MANUFACTURERS'  AS- 
SOCIATION.—President,  J.  E.  Frid,  Hamilton;  Secretary-Trea- 
surer, G,  C.  Keith,  Toronto. 

CANADIAN  ELECTRICAL  ASSOCIATION.— President,  Col. 
D.  R.  Street,  Ottawa,  Secretary,  Alan  Sullivan,  Confederation 
Life  Building,  Toronto. 

CANADIAN  FORESTRY  ASSOCIATION.— President,  Wil- 
liam Power,  M.P.,  Secretary,  James  Lawler,  Journal  Building, 
Ottawa. 

CANADIAN  GAS  ASSOCI.\TION.— President,  Arthur  Hewitt, 
General  Manager  Consumers'  Gas  Company,  Toronto;  John 
Keillor,    Secretary-Treasurer,   Hamilton,    Ont. 

CANADIAN  INDEPENDENT  TELEPHONE  ASSOCIATION. 
—President,  W.  Doan,  M.D.,  Harrietsville,  Ont.;  Secretary- 
Treasurer,   Francis  Dagger,   21   Richmond  street  West,   Toronto. 

CANADIAN  INSTITUTE.— 198  College  Street,  Toronto. 
President,  J.  B.  Tyrrell;  Secretary,  Mr.  J.  Patterson. 

CANADI.\N  NATIONAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  BUILDERS- 
EXCHANGES. — Western  Section — President,  C.  R.  Frost,  609 
Second  St.,  Edmonton,  Alta.;  Secretary-Treasurer,  A.  M.  Frith, 
224  McDougall  Ave..  Winnipeg.  Eastern  Section — President, 
Geo.  Gander.  Toronto;  Secretary-Treasurer,  P.  L.  Eraser,  Build- 
ers' Exchange,   Toronto. 

CANADIAN  SOCIETY  OF  CIVIL  ENGINEERS.— President, 
G.  H.  Duggan,  Montreal;  Secretarv,  Prof.  C.  H.  McLeod,  Mont- 
real. 

LONDON  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  A.  C.  Nobbs; 
Secretary-Treasurer,  F.  S.  Barclay. 

ONTARIO  ASSOCIATION  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— Presi- 
dent, T.  R.  Wright,  London,  Ont.;  1st  Vice-Pres.,  C.  T.  Pearse, 
Hamilton;  2nd  Vice-Pres.,  A.  Tomlinson,  Chatham;  Treasurer, 
Geo.  Oakley,  Jr.,  Toronto;  Secretary,  A.  E.  Flower,  Toronto. 

M.ANITOBA  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— President, 
Col.  J.  B.  Mitchell,  Winnipeg;  Secretary-Treasurer,  R.  G.  Han- 
ford. 

MONTREAL  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  John 
tjuinlan;  Secretary,  D.  K.   Trotter. 

ONTARIO  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— President.  C. 
H.  Acton  Bond.  Toronto;  Treasurer,  J.  P.  Hynes,  Toronto; 
Secretary,  R.  L.  Wolsey,  Toronto. 

I'ROVINCE  OF  QUEBEC  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS 
— President,  E.  B.  Staveley,  Quebec;  Treasurer,  N.  MacVlcar, 
Montreal;  Secretary,  J.  Emile  Vanier,  5  Beaver  Hall  Square, 
.Montreal. 

QUEBEC  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President.  J.  A.  Marier; 
Secretary-Treasurer,   Alf.  Cote. 

ROYAL  ARCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  CANADA.— 
President,  H.  C.  Russell,  Winnipeg,  -Man.;  Hon.  Secretary,  Al- 
cide  Chausse,  No.  5,  Beaver  Hall  Square,  Montreal,  Que. 

S.VSK.\TCHEWAN  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— 
President,  W.  G.  VanEgmond,  Regina;  vice-presidents.  A.  G. 
Creighton,  Prince  Albert,  R.  M.  Thompson,  Saskatoon;  sec - 
t^easurer,  F.  W.  Knight,  care  of  Storev  &  VanEgmond,  Regina; 
Council,  Prof.  A.  R.  Greig,  Saskatoon.  R.  G.  Bunvard,  Moose 
Jaw.  H.  Cooper.  Saskatoon. 

SOCIETY  OP  CHEMICAL  INDUSTRY.— Wallace  P.  Cohoe, 
Chairman;  Alfred  Burton,  Toronto,  Secretary. 

TECHNICAL  SOCIETY  OF  PKTERBORO.— Bank  of  Com- 
merce Building.  Peterboro.  President,  N.  C.  Mills.  P  O  Box 
995,  Peterborough.  Ont. 

TORONTO  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  S  R 
Hughes;  Secretai-y,   A,  E,  Flower. 

UNION  OF  CANADIAN  MUNICIPALITIES.- President  T 
L.  Church,  Mayor  of  Toronto.  Ont.;  Hon.  Secretary-Treasurer 
W.  D.  Llghthall,  K.C.  Ex-Mayor  of  Westmount;  Asst.  Secretary' 
G.  S.  Wilson,  02  Corlstine  BIdg.,  Montreal, 


Construction  News 

The  following  information  is  obtained  from  our  correspondents,  from  architects,  engineers  and 
local  newspapers.  These  items  are  published  in  our  Daily  Report  Service,  and  are  herein 
compiled  for  the  use  of  subscribers  to  the  monthly  issue  of  "Construction."  Should  any  of 
our  readers  desire  this  information  daily   we  will  be  pleased   to    submit  prices  upon   request 


BUSINESS    BUILDINGS. 

BK.\NI>ON,  .M.\.\.— ('.  Crawford  will  ereot  bualness  ImiUliiiK 
uiid  HatH  un  Ko88er  avenue. 

OALT.  ONT.— Wlllard  Kstate  will  erei-t  ailditiim  l»  lumiiiPKH 
block. 

MONTRK.M,.  gl'E.— Bell  Telephone  C'o.  have  awarded  i-on- 
tructs  fiu-  ottli'e  bulldliiK- 

OTTAW.V,  UNT. — .\rrhltect  W,  K.  Noffke  has  awarded  con- 
tract on   Mlnckhurn   Bros.'  offlc-e  bullditiK. 


CIVIL    ENGINEERING. 

KAST  ANUL'.S.  <jl'K. — Westbury,  lOast  AiiKUs,  Que.,  have 
called   for  tenders  <>n  bridise. 

EAST  O.XFOUI).  O.NT.— K.  J.  lire,  Woodstock,  has  called  for 
tenders  on  drains. 

LANSDDW.NK.  MAN.— Bridge  to  be  erected  over  Mud  lliver. 
plans  by  M.    10.    BouKhton,   Arden,  Man. 

.MBURITTON.  ONT.— 'Rlordan  Pulp  &  Paper  Co.  will  erect  a 
bridge. 

OTT.WV.A.  ONT. — Dominion  Government  are  preparing  planM 
for  asphalt  road.  Quebec  to  Valcartier;  Engineer  F.  (".  Askwilh 
has  called  for  tenders  on  concrete  equipment,  also  on  asphalt 
and  wood   block  paving. 

P.\R1S,  ONT. — Town  Council  have  called  for  tenders  on 
bridge  of  concrete  construction. 

I'KRTH.  ONT. — Town  Council  have  called  tor  tenders  on 
bridge. 

R.\THO,  ONT.  — ITownship  of  Blandlord  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on  bridge. 

S.ANI>\VICH.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  concrete 
pavement  on  Belle  Island  and  reinforced  concrete  drain  by 
Owen    McKay,    engineer,    Walkerville. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Toronto  Harbor  Commission  have  called 
for  tenders  on  concrete  work. 

WOODSTOCK,  ONT. — F.  J.  I're.  engineer,  has  called  for  ten- 
ders for  sewers,   pavings  and  drains. 


CLUBS,     HOSPITALS,    THEATRES,     HOTELS. 

B.AVSVV.VTER,  ONT.— Knights  of  Columbus  have  secured 
site   for  building. 

MONTRE.-VL,  (JUE. — Hervey  Institute  will  erect  building  on 
Windsor  street  and  Ciaremont  avenue. 

MOOSE  JAW,  SASK.— Canadian  Film  Corporation  are  erect- 
ing a  theatre. 

MT.  DENIS.  ONT. — National  Sanitariutti  .Association  will 
erect  building.  .\rchitects  Denison  &  Stephenson,  Toronto, 
have  called  for  tenders. 

ORILLIA,  ONT.— -Anhitect  W.  H,  Croker  is  preparing  plans 
for  hospital  addition. 

PICTOr.  N.S.— Architect  U  R.  Ryan,  .Aglesford,  N.S.,  has 
called   for  tenders  on  hospital  addition. 

QUEBEC.  I'.Q. — D.  Brochu,  63  St.  John  street,  has  plans  for 
a  new  theatre. 

S.\ULT  STE.  .MAlUi:,  O.VT.— Architects  Walker  &  McPhail. 
Windsor,  are  preparing  plans  for  theatre  of  F.    W.   Fawcett. 

ST.  JOHN.  .N.B.— Board  of  Health  will  erect  isolation  hospi- 
tal at    Howe's   Lake. 

ST.  -M.XRY'S.  t).NT. — G,  Norris,  Grand  Central  Hotel,  will 
make  alterations  to  building. 

TORONTO,  O.NT.  —  Revised  plans  are  being  prepared  for 
Masonic  Temple  on  Spadina  road;  R.  H.  Campbell,  100  York- 
ville  avenue,  has  awarded  contract  for  sun  room  addition  to 
hospital. 

TR.\IL.   B.C. — Knights  of  Pythias  will  erect  club  building. 

WINNIPEG,  M.\N. — .\le.\.  MacDonald  has  provided  site,  etc., 
for  Home  for  Friendless:  .Architect  J.  I>.  .Atchison.  Trust  and 
LfOan   Building,   is  preparing  plans   for  addition   to  sanitarium. 


ELECTRICAL    CONSTRUCTION. 

REGIN.A.  S.ASK. — Department  of  Telephones  have  called  for 
tenders  on  equipment. 

ROSETOW.N,  S.ASK —Rosetown  Northern  Rural  Telephone 
Co.   will  make  extensions. 

S.ASKATOO.N.  SASK. — City  Council  have  called  for  tenders 
*ui  power  house  extensions. 

S.AULT  STE.  M.ARIE,  O.NT.— City  Council  have  called  for 
tenders   on    sub-station. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Hydro  Electric  Co.  have  called  for  ten- 
<l^»'s  on  sub-station. 

WEl.L.AND.  ONT. — Hydro  Electric  Commission  will  erect 
power  house  addition. 


BHOroHTON.    N.S.— Soldiers'    Quarters    building   destroyed. 
(Ml ARIA)    STATION.    N,».— Store    of    J.    A.    Reld    destroyed, 

loss   |,S,()UII. 

CO.MBIORMERE.       ONT.— Hudson       House      destroyed,       loss 

$2(I.1IU0. 

DRl'.MHEM-ER,  .\I,TA.— W,  E.  .McDonald,  store  deHtroye.l, 
loss  (KI.IIUU. 

ETZlKoN,    .VI.T.V.— Siirgeant    &    McKenzle,    store   destroyed, 

loss  $:i,'i,iioo. 

FREDERICTO.N.  N.B.— Frederlcton  Steam  Laundry,  dam- 
aged,  loss  Ki, 110(1. 

HAMII/roN,  ONT.— Carllng  lirewing  ('...,  u:u-c-liouse  de- 
stroyed,  loss  $1,000, 

KINGSVIhhE,  ONT.  — Erie  T(iba.<-,,  liuildin-  (ii-.xiroved.  lo.ss 
$20,000. 

MONTRIOAL,  QfE.— R.  G.  Dun  &  Co..  premi.ses  danuiged. 
Board  of  Trade   Building. 

PETR01,E.\.  C)NT.— Richmond's  Ilverv  building  destroyed, 
loss  $3,000. 

PORT  McNICOLK.  ONT.— P.  H.  Beattle,  drug  store  de- 
stroyed,  loss  $3,500. 

Ql'EBEC,  P.Q. —  lO.  Myrand,  St.  Foy  road,  residence  de- 
stroyed, loss  $3,500:  Frs.  Rosslgnol,  Ninth  avenue,  destroyed. 
loss  $3,000;  E.  Tremblay,  102  Cremazie  street,  building  burned. 
lo.sM  $3,000;  .A.  Faucher,  .Arago  street,  house  and  stable  damaged, 
loss  $2,100;  J.  M.  Dore,  First  avenue,  residence  damaged,  loss 
$2,500. 

RIT.SSEM-,  MAN.— Union  Bank  building  destro.yed,  loss 
$15,000. 

SPEERS,    SASK.— I,.    Huyck,    store   destroyeil.    loss   $3,000. 
ST.    JOHN,    N.B.— McKean,    Holt    &    Co.,    foundry    damaged, 
h>ss  $5,000. 

ST.   THOMAS,   ONT.— Residence  of  F.   J.   Moore   destroyed. 

THREE  RIVERS,  QUE.— <J.  Morissette  and  II.  P.  Gourin. 
building  destroyed,   loss  $75,000. 

TODMORDEN,  O.NT.— Residence  of  Mr.  Reeves,  3  Bee  street, 
destroyed,    loss  $3,50(1. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— F.  I>el>er.  2S3  Rhodes  avenue,  store  de- 
stroyed,  loss  $3,000. 

WINDSOR.    O.NT.— Neal    (^o..    bakery    destroyed,    loss   $30,000. 


FIRE    LOSSES. 
BP;F.T0N.    ONT.— Public   school   destroyed,   loss  $6,000. 


PLANTS,     FACTORIES    AND    WAREHOUSES. 

PERUN,  ONT.— Regal  Motor  Co.,  433  King  east,  will  build, 
.\rchltect  W.  C.  Cowan  has  plans:  Onward  .Manufacturing  (^o. 
will  erect  new  building. 

BRANDON,  ONT. — Imperial  Oil  Co.  will  erc<t  warehouse 
here. 

BRANTFORD,  O.NT.— Hartley  Foundry  Co.  will  make  addi- 
tions to  buildings. 

BROCKV1L1..E.  ONT.— Canada  Foundry  &  Forging  Co.  will 
make  plant  additions.  ' 

DONNACONA.  QUE. — Donnacona  Pulp  &  Paper  Co.  will  erect 
mill,    work    started. 

G.VLT,   ONT. — Perfect   Machinery  Co.  will  erect  factory. 

GUELPH,  O.NT— (iueiph  Carpet  Co.  have  called  for  tenders 
on  addititms;  Guelph  Stove  Co.  will  make  factory  additions. 
Architect   W.   H.    .Mahoney  has  plans. 

H.A.Mll/rON,  ONT. — Maple  Eeaf  Garage  propose  erecting 
building;  Corrundum  Hart  Wheel  Co.  have  awarded  contract 
for  new  factory:  Ford  &  F'eatherstone.  King  .street  north.  |iro- 
pose  erecting  new  factory;  Imperial  Cotton  Co.  will  make  fac- 
tory acjditions;  Grasselli  Chemical  Co.,  Ottawa  street,  will  make 
factory  addition;   Dominion  Sheet  Metal  Co.   will  erect  addition. 

HARROW.  ONT.— W.  R.  Clark  Canning  Co..  Montreal,  will 
build  canning  factory. 

KILI-ARNBT,  .M.\N. — Crescent  Creamery  Co.,  Winnipeg,  will 
build  creamery   building  here. 

I>EAMINGTON,  ONT.— Rock  City  Tobacco  (Jo.,  Quebec,  will 
erect   tobacco   factory. 

l.,ONDON,  ONT. — .Architect  J.  M.  Moore  is  preparing  plans 
for  warehouse  of  Webster  &   Harvey. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— Architect  A.  Mahoney,  Guelph,  Ont..  is 
preparing  plans  for  addition  to  plant  of  the  Canada  Stove  Co.. 
Main  road  and  St.   Laurent. 

NI.AG.ARA  FALLS,  ONT. — Pollard  Manufacturing  Co.  have 
awarded  contract  for  new  factory:  Blystone  Manufacturing  Co.. 
Cambridge  Springs,    Pa.,   have  secured  site  for  factory  heie. 

PETERBORO.  ONT. — Quaker  Oats  Co.  will  make  factory 
additions. 

PETROLI.A.  ONT. — .Architect  T.  .A.  Gordan,  Sarnia,  is  pre- 
liaring  plans  for  building  of  the  I.,ambton   Flax  Co. 

RENFREW,  ONT. — Renfrew  Machinery  Co.  will  rebuild 
burned   buildings. 

ROULE.VU,  S.ASK.— A.  C.  Hunt,  Calgary,  .\lta.,  will  erect 
flax  mill   here. 

SIMCOE.  ONT. — Unique  .Shoe  Co..  Toronto,  will  erect  f.actory 
here;   architect  not  selected   yet. 


168 


CONSTRUCTION 


169 


ST.  THDMAS.  UNT.— St.  Thoniaa  I'uie  Milk  Co.  will  erect 
creamery  builrtiiig. 

STRATFORD  t)NT.— Avon  Knitting  Co.  have  awarded  con- 
tract for  lactor.v  juldition;  iMcUaKan  hiuniture  Co.  have  started 
work  on   tact<iry   addition. 

TORONTO  O.NT.— Canada  Nitio  Product,  UIl  IM'.K.  Build- 
ing, are  prepa'.ing  phms  for  plant;  A.  K.  Clark  Co  have  awarded 
contract  for  factory  additions;  Architect  W.  G.  Hunt  has  plans 
prepared  lor  Ournev  Foundry  lactory  addition.s;  1- .  h.  ilallory. 
architect,  is  preparing  plans  for  munition  plant;  Cooey  .Machine 
Co  321  Howland  avenue,  are  having  plans  drawn  hy  .\rchitecl 
.J.  \V.  Siddall  for  new  warehou.se;  T.  Eaton  Co.  have  plans  lor 
new  building  to  be  erected. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— Heintzman  Co.  will  make  alterations, 
.\rchitects  Walker  &  Mcl'hail;  -Maxwell  Motor  Car  Co.  will  erect 
Imildings. 


PUBLIC    BUILDINGS    AND    STATIONS. 

ONT.— Village     Council     will     ei-ect 


public 


IMRCHCl.lFFE, 
building. 

KDEN   MILLS,   ONT.— Village  Council  will   erect   public   hall. 

H.X.MILTON,  ONT.— CJrand  Trunk  Railway  will  erect  new- 
station;  Superintendent  Gordon  in  chaige. 

LINDS.VY.  ONT.— Town  of  Lindsay  will  erect  town  hall 
tower. 

M.\RKH.\M.  ONT.— .Agricultural  Society  will  erect  hall  and 
rink. 

NI.\G.\R.\  F.\LLS.  ONT. — Town  Council  will  erect  addition 
to  tire  hall. 

ORILLI.K,  ONT. — uMunicipal  Huilding  will  be  reconstructed  by 
day  labor  by   W.   L.   Bennett. 

PORT  .VRTHUR,  ONT.— Saskatchewan  Co-operative  Eleva- 
tor Co.   have  plans  drawn  for  terminal  building. 

TORONTt).  ONT. — Citv  of  Toronto  are  pieparing  plans  for 
new  lire  hall'  addition;  tenders  have  been  called  for  interior 
work  of  .Vdministration  Huilding  by  the  Hoard  of  Education; 
.\rchitects  Curry  &  Sparling  have  called  for  tenders  on  Trust  & 
Guarantee   Building. 


RESIDENCES,   STORES   AND    FLATS. 

.V.MHERSTBI'tlG,  ONT.— .Architect  G.  Jacques,  Windsor,  has 
plans  prepared  lor  residence  of  Dr.  J^aferte. 

.\YLMER.  O.NT. — .\.  W.  Pierce  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence. 

BELMONT,  ONT.— .Architect  W.  .Murray,  London,  is  prepar- 
ing plans  for  residence  of  Dr.  Beattie. 

BU.\.\TFORL>,  O.N'T. — .\rchitecta  Barber  &  Tilley  have  called 
lor  tenders  on  residence. 

H.AMILTON,  ON.. — J.  W.  Lusk,  ISo  Kensington  avenue,  will 
erect  a  residence;  J.  E.  Saddler,  15i  Charlton  avienue,  will  erect 
a  residence;  J.  Vickers,  2»o  Kosslyn  avenue,  will  build  dwelling; 
J.  C.  Morrow.  217  Caroline  street,  will  erect  apartment  house; 
C.  G.  Hudson,  10  Edinburgh  street,  will  erect  four  houses;  H. 
McDowell,  .Avondale  avenue,  will  erect  a  resmeme  ia.\.or 
Mnfg.  Co.  will  install  two  store  fronts,  223  King  street  east; 
A.  Stewart.  Bl,')  .Main  street  ease,  will  erect  t>\o  nouses,  E.  H. 
Wark  will  erect  a  residence  on  Sherman  avenue;  .McKay  Bros.. 
Lister  Chambers,  will  erect  two  houses;  Sparks  &  McKay, 
Elm  avenue,  will  buikl  six  houses;  D.  Hamuion,  ;>o  tJiendaie 
avenue,  will  erect  three  hou.ses  on  that  street;  P.  Gorelli.  935 
Burlington  street,  will  build  a  residence;  R.  Sharp,  23  East- 
bourne street,  has  awarded  contract  for  dwelling;  K.  S.  .Mason, 
21  Somerset  avenue,  will  build  eight  houses;  W.  McLarity  will 
build  a  residence  on  Lome  avenue;  Williamson  tt  Torrance,  4fJ|t 
King  street  east,  have  awarded  contracts  on  twelve  houses;  E. 
K.  Bond,  652  .Main  street,  will  erect  two  houses  on  Cedar  avenue: 
K.  \V.   Louden.   Lottridge  &  Cannon,  will  erect  a  residence. 

KINBLH.N'.  ONT. — K.  Groves  will  erect  a  residence. 

KINGSTO.N.  OXT. — .).  Connor  will  erect  residence  on  Fron- 
tenac  street;  1.  .Allan  win  erect  a  residence  on   Victoria  street. 

LISTOWEL.  ONT.— 11.  Kargcs  has  awarded  contract  for  two 
houses. 

LO.NDON.  ONT.— C.  .1.  Pink.  451  Hamilton  road,  will  erect 
a  residence;  Major  H.  N.  .Abel,  61  Craig  street,  will  erect  a  resi- 
dence. Watt  &  Blackwell,  architects;  J.  .Smallman,  Elmwood 
avenue,  will  erect  residence  and  garage;  J.  Rutberbougb.  1006 
Wellington  street,  will  erect  residence;  Copp  Syndicate,  22  Bel- 
grave  avenue,  will  build  ten  houses  in  South  Londtni;  N.  .\. 
Itoberts,  155  Ri<lout  street,  will  build  bouses  in  South  London; 
Hyatt  Bros..  128S  Egerton  street,  will  erect  eight  houses  on 
liidout  street:  Max.  Fernier.  502  Hill  street,  will  c.  cct  a;iartment 
house  on  Dundas  street;  .Vrchitect  .1.  V.  Munro.  Bank  of  To- 
ronto Chambers,  is  iireparing  plans  for  residences;  R.  Pearson, 
459  Gre.v  street,  has  plans  for  new  residence;  H.  Bottrill.  25S 
WhariicUffe  road,   has  plans   for  st^ire  an<l   residence. 

MONTREAL,  Ql'E. — .Montreal  Locomotive  Co.  will  erect  a 
resideiw'e:  E.  Gerard.  3292  Herri  street,  will  build  two  houses; 
K,  W.  Fail-man  Instate,  232  St.  James  street,  will  make  altera- 
tions to  apartments;  Z.  Cordeil,  3  Desjardin  avenue,  will  erect 
a  residence;  N.  Martineau  De  Normaville.  w-ill  erect  a  resi- 
dence; E.  P.  Wright.  214  Bishop  street,  has  plans  for  two  stores; 
Reverend  Fathers  Jesuites,  1mm,  Conception  will  erect  two 
houses:  J.  Cusofe,  592  St.  Christopho  street,  has  plans  for 
fifteen  houses:  D.  Riendeau.  57  Mentana  street,  will  erect  three 
houses:  M.  E.  Field,  2114  Wavierlev  street,  will  erect  stores  and 
flats. 

NIAGAR.\  FALLS.  ONT.— Architect  C.  M.  Borter  has  c:illcd 
for  tenders  on  residence  of  E.   Baxter. 

.\'ORN'.\L.  ONT.— J.  Cunningham  has  called  for  tenders  on 
new  residence  to  be  erected. 

OTTAWA.  O.ST. — Architect  J.  P.  McLaren  has  awarded  con- 
tracts on   Mellenagham   store   building. 

PORT  .MtTHFR.  O.NT.— Architect  H.  R.  Halton  is  iireparing 
plan  for  stores  and  apartments. 

QUEBEC.  P.Q.— H.  M.  Cote,  Cartier  avenue,  -will  erect  two 
four  famil.v  apartments:  .\lex.  Fackney.  31  Aberdeen  street,  will 
erect  three-family  residence:  W.  Brochu.  .\berdeen  street,  will 
erect  two  three  family  residences:  La  vole  ^:  l-'reie.  C.irtier 
avenue,     will    erect    apartment    house;     .\.    O.     Beriau,    Cartier, 


will  make  a<1diti<>ii  to  building;  llonore  Gingras,  lOS  .Artillery, 
w-ill  erect  two-faiiiil.\'  residence;  N.  Pare,  2nd  street,  will  build 
residence  on  Stauacoiia;  P.  .\.  Alain,  ht.  josepn  stieet,  will 
make  building  altfiations;  Josejih  Savard   will  erect  a  store. 

S.Mt.Nl.A,  O.NT  — AV.  .A.  Watson,  IGO  Front  street,  has  awarded 
contract  on  residence  to  D.  Giffen. 

SAl'LT  STE.  .MARIE,  ONT.— .\rchitect  T.  R.  VVilks,  queen 
street,  has  plants  drawn  for  new  residence;  it.  T.  Lane,  (jueeii 
street,  has  plans  for  new  i-esidence. 

STU.VTHUOY,  O.N'T.- Architects  SVatt  &  Blackwell,  London, 
have   awarded   contract   for   lesidence. 

SVDNEA',  N.S. — ^W.  T.  I'aiijo.\-  will  erect  residence  on  Ben- 
tinck  street. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— H.  Lucas.  US  Felstead,  has  plans  prepared 
for  two  pan-  houses  to  be  erected;  J.  Price,  lOO  tjreeiiwood 
avenue,  will  erect  a  pair  of  houses  on  that  street;  Goodyear 
lire  and  Rubber  Co.  will  erect  a  large  number  of  houses  for 
emplojees;  Dr.  J.  G.  Caven.  S8  Bloor  street  east,  has  awarded 
contract  for  residence;  E.  'ihieiioi^i.  loou  oi.  Ciau-  avenue,  will 
erect  a  residence  in  Cherry  Gardens;  j.  .m.  Waikey,  326  Shaw 
street,  will  erect  a  pair  of  stores;  J.  Skelton.  85  Lawton  avenue, 
will  erect  residence  on  .\iooie  avenue,  i*.  li.uieii.  zo  Kol>locK. 
will  erect  three  stores  and  resiuence;  T.  .V.  Gibson.  327  I..ippin- 
cf>tt.  will  erect  a  residence;  -A.  R.  V\  iluamson,  ovi4  111....111  .oad. 
has  plans  for  an  apartment  house;  .1.  Hernnslon  win  erect  four 
houses  on  Coleman  avenue;  .Adam  Walker,  169  Lauder  avenue, 
will  erect  store  and  apariments;  .A.  Edmunds,  loo  Oakwood 
avenue,  will  erect  residence  on  Thome  crescent:  Muir  &  Lamb, 
30  Hazel.vood  avenue,  will  erect  a  pair  of  houses;  E.  Taylor.  162 
Delaware  avenue,  will  erect  aiiartiiieiit  house  on  t-ire;maiOiiiie 
street;  Horton  Walker,  20  Toronto  street,  wul  erect  residence 
and  garage:  J.  Pickering.  200  Rusbtoii  roa<l,  wiP  erect  duplex 
house;  C(-i.  W.  R.  Lang,  o.P.S.,  will  make  addition  to  residence; 
F.  Fluba-^her.  92  O'Hara,  will  erect  residence  on  that  street; 
1''.  E.  Laiikin.  223  bultoii  street,  wul  erect  three  pair  of  houses; 
W.  Pidgeon,  41  Nairn  avenue,  will  build  a  pair  of  houses;  C. 
Liicas.  :il9  t.'arlow  avenue,  will  erect  three  pair  of  houses  ami 
garage;  W.  H.  Little,  530  St.  ciareiis  avenue,  will  erect  a  resi- 
lience; J.  Lucaii.  SOS  Dupont  street,  has  called  for  tenders  on 
three  houses;  Rowlands  Estate  will  install  store  riont,  h6  iCim 
street;  J.  R.  Barton,  201  Major  street,  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence;  J.  G.  Hedges,  J054  Ossington  avenue,  will  erect 
storage  sheds;  Brediii  Gaibraith,  Z2  fet.  Leonard  avenue,  has 
awarded  contracts  on  residence:  AV.  J.  Nixon,  32  Columbine 
avenue,  will  erect  a  pair  of  houses;  John  Price,  luo  Oieenwood 
avenue,  will  erect  residence;  J.  Stone.  49  Coleman  avenue,  will 
erect  four  houses:  R.  Waterman.  44S  Summerhill  avenue,  will 
erect  a  residence;  J.  W.  Butchart.  1  St.  Ives  avenue,  will  erect 
a  residence  on  St.  Leonards;  J.  T.  Twigg.  28  First  avenue,  has 
plans  for  a  residence;  A.  Copeland.  Ravina  crescent,  will  erect 
dwelling;  Mcllroy  &  Lowry,  42  .Mountveen,  will  erect  two 
houses;  .Architects  Hyiies,  F'eldman  &  AVatson  have  luuiis  toi- 
iiew  residence:  K.  H.  Green.  650  .Annette  street,  will  erect  a 
residence  on  Conduit  street;  H.  Hocken,  care  Title  &  Trust 
Co.,  will  build  residence  and  garage:  J.  and  T.  Bishop,  68  Pem- 
broke street,  will  build  three  houses  on  Ozark  crescent:  W.  G. 
McClean.  499  St.  Johns  road,  will  erect  residence:  H.  H.  Wood, 
97  .Avenue  rtiad,  has  plans  for  a  new  house;  W.  Moad,  4s  Oak- 
wooii  avenue,  Vv-ill  erect  residence;  E.  Hawken.  906  Kingston 
road,  will  build  a  pair  of  houses  on  Pickering  avenue;  C.  T. 
Tyler.  SS5  Cumberland  avenue,  will  erect  a  residence:  C.  Cud- 
more.  62  Pjicitlc  avenue,  will  build  two  houses  on  Glendenning 
avenue:  W.  .\rgue.  235  Broadview  avenue,  will  erect  store  and 
residence  on  Bathurst  street;  J.  F^.  Alexander.  8  Temple  avenue, 
will  build  two  family  house  on  that  street;  L.  Frampion.  an 
Tuburn  avenue,  will  build  a  residence;  AV.  J.  McA\''aters,  28 
Kingswood  road,  will  erect  residence;  W.  Hughes,  uii  .vmrotii 
avenue,  will  erect  store  and  dwelling;  .\.  Gordon,  35  Maher 
avenue,  has  awarded  contract  for  residence;  E.  Johnston,  S4 
Balsam  avenue,  will  erect  a  pair  of  houses;  -\rchitect  F. 
Baker  has  plan's  for  residence  on  A\'arren  road ;  C.  Hough. 
.\tlas  avenue,  \\-in  build  on  Gordon  avenue:  l\  L.  ^>p.eis.  :»;. 
Glenholme,    w-ill    erect   duplex   residence. 

V.ANCOUVER.   B.C. — B,  C.   Marine  Co.  will  erect  building. 

W.ALKERA'ILLE,  O.NT.— H.  Wilson  will  erect  three  familj 
apartments  on   Winderinere  roatl. 

WEST  O.XFORD.  ONT.— .Architect  B.  McNichol,  Woodstock, 
h.-is  called   lor  tenders  on   residence  of  C.   J.   Cook. 

WlNDSOli,  ONT.— .Architect  J.  C.  Pennintgon  will  erect 
residence  on  Victoria  street:  .Ai-chitects  AValker  &  McPhail  have 
awarded  contracts  on  S.  Bigg  s  residence;  .Architect  G.  Jacques 
is  Iireparing  plans  for  stores  and  apartments;  .Architect  Ley- 
bourne  &  Sewell  have  awarded  contracts  on  Mrs.  G.  Hallet's 
residence. 

WIN.NIPEG,  MAN— T.  Ea'.on  store  building  contracts 
awarded    to   Carter,    Hall,    .Mdinger  Co. 


18 


SCHOOLS,    COLLEGES    AND    CHURCHES. 

AN.MABEL  TOW.NSH  11'.— Architect  H.  AA'.  Robinson.  Heii- 
worth,    Ont.,    has   plans  for  alterations   to   S.S.    No.    7. 

.AA'ON,  ONT. — .Architect  W.  G.  .Murray.  Louden,  tint.,  has 
called   for  tenders  on   school   for  R.R.   No.    1,   SpringHelil. 

B.XSSWOOl).  M.VN. — .Vrchitect  F.  Evans.  AA'innipeg.  has 
called   for  tenders  on   new  school  here. 

BELLEVILLE.  ONT. — Children's  .Aid  Society  will  erect 
shelter. 

BIRCHl^LIFFIO.  ONT. — .\rchitects  Carter  &  Ford  have  plans 
for  new  .Anglican  church.   Rev.   C.    E.   Luce. 

BISHOP'S  CROSSING,  tiUE. — Contract  has  been  awarded 
for  new  school  to  C.  H.   Parker,  Sherbrooke,  Que. 

CAYIIG.A.  ONT. — Contract  has  been  awarded  to  Wm.  Rolston 
for  school  addition. 

CONQUEST.  S.\SK. — .Architects  Storey  &  A'an  Egmond, 
Regina,  have  plans  for  new  church  here. 

DUMBL.VNE,  S.ASK. — School  Trustees  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on  new  school. 

DUN.VCH.  B.C. — Department  of  Public  Works,  Victoria,  have 
called  for  tenders  on  school. 

EAST  SELKIRK,  M.AN. — Town  Council  will  erect  four-room 
school. 

FINCH  ONT. — School  Board  have  called  for  tenders  on  new 
^cl-.col. 


170 


CONSTRUCTION 


KH10l>KKUrri)N,  N.ll.— St.  I'ftul'B  I'reBbyterlHii  Cliurch  will 
l.iiilil:   piistiir.  I>r.   \V.   H.  Smith. 

ll.VMILTON.  ONT.— Archltec'tH  MIUb  &  Hutton  have  HWarded 
lontrattB  uii   HoliertlniHl  uohuol. 

ll.\7.K.NM(iRK,  SASK.— School  TruHteeB.  secretary,  H.  O. 
W'llley.   have  nilleil  for  tenders  on  Hchool. 

II.WKK  .\r  HOl'CHK,  N. 8,— Contracts  have  been  awarded 
on  new   rregbyterlan  church. 

Hl'I.L,  yllK. — .\rchltect  C.  Mrodeur  Is  preparing  plans  for 
convent   of  the  tjrey   NiiiiH  of  the  Cross,   Ottawa,   Ont. 

Kl.Nlll'HN,  ONT.— Architect  J.  I'.  Macbaren,  Ottuw:i.  liaH 
called    for   ten<lerB  on   school   equipment. 

LONDO.N.  O.NT. — Architect  A.  E.  Nutter  la  preparing  plans 
for  technical  Bchool. 

MONTHKAI.,.  tJUK.— Protestant  School  Board  have  awarded 
contract  on  scliool:  Com.  Catholic  .School.  S5  St.  Catherine 
Htreet,  have  plans  for  educational  house. 

NlAtiAUA  KAM-S,  oNT.— Architect  J.  V.  Collins  has 
awarded  contract  for  school  of  Union  S.S.  No.  2. 

OlAS  CRHKK.  COVVMOY,  AIjTA.— S.D.  No.  3135.  Cowley, 
will  erect  school;  secretary,   t)lin  Creek,   .Mta. 

PASQA,  SASK.— KeaniinKton  S.D.  No.  193  have  called  for 
tenders  on  new   school;  secretary,   W.  H.   Durle. 

I'OKT  CKKDIT.  ONT.— School  Boaid  will  have  plans  pre- 
pared for  new  tour-room  school. 

SANDWICH.  ONT.— Architects  O.  Jacques  &  Co.,  Windsor, 
have  calleil    lor   tenders  on   Separate   School. 

S.MITH'S  KAl-l.S,  ONT.— Architects  Wm.  Newland  &  Son, 
Kingston,  are   preitaring  plans  for  new  school. 

ST.  KUOl'KM  mCS  MKCHINS,  yUE.— Architect  T.  Raymond. 
43  Caron  street,  yuebec,  has  called  for  tenders  on  R.C.  church 
to  be  built  here. 

STK.  rKRI'KTlJK,  yUK.— Architect  V.  Levesque,  Quebec,  is 
preparing  plans  for  R.C.  church. 

STOUGHTON,  SASK.— I,a  Salle  S.D.  No.  734  have  called  for 
tenders  on  school;  secretary,   R.   H.   Richard.son. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Architect  Cecil  C.  King,  128  Heath  street, 
is  preparing  plans  for  Glenmount  Methodist  Church;  Architects 
Burke.  Horwood  &  White  have  called  for  tenders  on  Pauline 
Aleihodist  Church;  Hoard  of  Education  are  preparing  plans  for 
Orde  street  school;  .Architects  Smithers  &  Calley.  121  Greenlaw, 
have  plans  for  Boone  avenue  church;  Davlsville  Baptist  Church 
will  erject  chapel;  Architect  C.  J.  Read  has  called  for  tenders 
on  R.C.  school;  Board  of  Education  have  called  for  tenaers  on 
specialties  for  Administration  Building,  including  temperature 
regulators,   plumbing,   etc. 

WILTO,\  PARK.  .Vl.TA.— Wilton  Park  S.D.  No.  .508  will 
erect  new  school;   secretary,   G.    B.    Beatty. 

yOUNGSTOWN,  AL,TA.— School  Trustees,  D.  2186.  have 
called  for  tenders  on  school. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

BELLEVU-LE,  ONT.— VV.  S.  Cook  &  Son  will  erect  storage 
warehouse. 

BLENHEIM,    ONT. — Springsteen   &   Co.    will   erect   a   gara«e. 
C.\RLETON  I'l^ACE,   ONT.— Taylor  Bros,   will  erect  garage; 
tenders  called. 

DAVIDSON.   SASK. — Wilkies  Ltd.  will  erect  a  garage. 

FORT  WILLIAM,  ONT.— Mutual  Elevator  Co.  have  awarded 
contract  for  new  elevator;  Davidson  &  Smith  are  preparing 
I>lans  for  elevator  addition. 

tU'ELPH.   ONT. — Tenders  have   been  called  on  sewer  pipe. 

HAMILTON.  0.\T.— Architect  F.  J.  Rastrick  has  awarded 
contract   for  .stables  to  cost  $6.(10(1. 

t>O.N'l)(^)N,  ONT. — (Jrand  Trunk  Railway  preparing  plans  for 
coal  chutes. 

MERRITON.  O.NT— Riordan  Pulp  &  Paper  Co.  will  purchase 
pipe  and  piling. 

N.VP.^NEE.  0.\T. — W.  .1.  Norniile  has  plans  prepared  for 
new   garage. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— Department  of  Railways  and  Canals  have 
called  for  tenders  on  cement. 

S.\SK.\TOON,  S.\SK.— City  Council  are  having  plans  pre- 
pared for  stock  .vards;  Cit.v  Council  will  erect  power  house. 

THORNHILL.  O.NT.— Toronto  City  Council  have  awarded 
contract   for  barn  at   Industrial   Home  and   stable  at  the   Island. 

TORO.NTO.  ONT.— Architect  .1.  .\.  Thatcher  has  awarded 
contracts  on  Standard  Bakery  building;  .Architect  G.  M.  Miller 
has  plans  iirepared  for  nine  garages;  Gillett  Co.,  Fraser  avenue, 
have  awarded  contracts  on  grain  storage  building;  Holden  Mor- 
gan. 57!l  Richmond  west,  are  building  three  garages;  I.  G. 
Hough,  346  Parliament  street,  has  called  for  tenders  on  concrete 
foundations;  Engineers  James,  Loudon  &  Herzberg  have  plans 
prepared  for  garage:  (Mty  Council  will  have  car  barns  erected 
on  .St.  (^lair  avenue ;G.  Kerr.  S(l  Spadina  road,  will  erect  dairy 
l>uilding.  plans  drawn:  Board  of  Education  require  ornamental 
iron,  pain  and  lumber;  .Architects  Denison  &  Stephenson  have 
awarded  contracts  on  tJurney  Foundry  addition:  City  Council 
have  called   for  tenders  on   furnishings  for  registry  office. 

V.ANCOI'VER,  B.C. — Begg  Motor  Car  Co.  will  erect  garage 
on  Georgia  street;  Department  of  Marine,  Ottawa,  have  awarded 
contract   for   freight  sheds. 

VICTORIA.  B.C.— City  Purcha.sing  Agent.  W.  Gait,  has  called 
for  tenders  on  supplies. 

VICTORI.A.  B.C.  —  Marine  Department  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on  storage  sheds. 


G(>ntractorH  and  Sub.Coutraetors 

Am  Supplied   by  Tlie  Ai<;hileols  o{   Uiiildin^a 
Featured  in  Thin  lasue 

HOTEL   MACDONALD,   EDMONTON,   ALBERTA. 

.Vl'chitectB,    Ross  &   .Niacl^oiiald,   .Montreal  ana    loronto. 

liricK  tpiain^,  .ivcme  jiricK  company,  i!/uiiH»iion:  (nre;,  The  Im- 
perial ,>uppiy  CO.,  causary. 

Uuiiers,    inii-matioiiai    I'.i.KHii'erlng  Co.,   Amherat,    N.S. 

v.arpets  ami  rugs,  loroiiio  v  ai-pet  company,  xoronto;  Gueiph 
carpet  .Mills  v  ompaiiy,   Kiniiieu,  Gueipn. 

Curtains  ana  nantdiigs,  .iiattnew  >V.  Clemens.  Toronto;  T.  EaUn 
CO.,  Limited,    »>  iniiipeg. 

Casements  and    window   construction,   doors   and    window    Iriiii. 

Concrete  work.   Uoebiing  i.  onstriiction  Co.,  New   York. 

Contractors  (genenil),  i  he  Canadian  .Stewart  Company,  Linuted. 
.Montreal   aiiu   'lorontt>. 

Decoration   (mural),    F.   S.   IMiallener,  R.C.A.,  Conestogo,  Onl. 

Electric   tixtures.    'I'iffany   .stu<ilos.   New    York 

Electric  wiring  ami  apparatus,  L.  K.  Comstock  Co.,  Montreal. 

Elevators  an<l  hoists,  Otis-l-'ensom    Elevator  company,  Toronto. 

Eire  alarm  system.   Edwards  Break  Glass. 

Fire  doors,   .McFarlane-Douglas,    Limited,  Ottawa. 

fire  escapes.  Inside  type  Iron  stairs.  Alberta  Ornamental  Iron 
Co.,  Reacllfte,  .Mberta. 

Fire  extinguishers.    "I'yrene." 

Flooring,   Cnsblng   Bros,.    Limited,    Edmonton. 

Furniture,  T.  Eaton  Co.,  Limited,  Winnipeg;  Wni.  J.  Craig, 
Toronto;   Krug  Furniture  Co..   Berlin,  Ont. 

Glass  (plate),  I'llklngton  Bros.,  .Montreal;  (wired),  Edmonton 
Paint  and  Glass  Co..  Edmonton;  (light  globes).  Tiffany  Studios, 
New   York;    (leaded),  J.    C.   .Spence  &  .Sons,   .vioiitreal. 

Hardware.  Russell  A  Erwin  Mfg.  ('ompany.  New  ISrItain,  (!onii.; 
(Jobbers,    Revlllon    Hardware   (^o.,    Edmonton). 

Inspection  by  Canadian  Inspection  and  Testing  Laboratories, 
.Montreal. 

Interior  Mttings.  cabinet  woodwork  and  decoration,  Bardwell- 
Robinson  t^o.,  Minneapolis;   Barnet  Phillips  Co.,  New  York. 

Inter-phone  system,    Western   Electric  Co.,    New   York. 

Kitchen  utensils,  .Marshall   Wells  Co.,   Winnipeg. 

Laundry  machinery.  American  Laundry  .Machinery  Co.,  Toronto. 

Marble,   Vermont   Marble   Co.,    Peterborough.    Ont. 

Ornamental  iron.  Alberta  Ornamental  Iron  t'o..  RedclifTe,  Alta. 

Paints  (interior),  Wm.  C.  Redllch  Co.,  .N'ew  York;  (for  steel), 
I>omlnlon  I'aint  Works,  Walker\'llle,  Ont.,  "Superior  Graph- 
ite";  (concrete  floor  paiilt),  Patterson-Sargent  Co.,  Edmonton. 

Plaster  work  (ceiling).  Smith  &  McCallln,  Denver,  Col. 

Plumbing  (fittings).  Art  Briuis  Co.,  New  York;  (sanitary  fix- 
tures),   Camden    Potteries,    Cluft    Bros.,    Toronto. 

Power  machinery  (prime  movers).  Goldie  &  McCuUoch  Co.,  Gait, 
Ont.;  (motors  and  generators).  "Sprague"  and  "Triumph," 
Rudel-Belnap  Machinery  Co..  .Montreal;  (air  compressors). 
Westlnghouse;   (pumps),  Piatt  Iron  Works. 

Refrigeration  equipmimt.  White  Enamel  Refrigerator  Co.,  St. 
Paul,   Minn. 

Refrigeration  machinery.  Triumph  Ice  Machinery  Co. 

Riidlators    (manufacturers).    Taylor-Forbes. 

Roofing   (copper),   McFarlane-Douglas,   Limited,   Ottawa. 

.Screens,  T.  Baton  Co.,   Limited.   Winnipeg. 

Stone  (Indiana  limestone),  E.  F.  Giberson  Co.,  Bedford,  Ind.; 
(granite).  Stanstead  Granite  Quarries  Co.,  Limited.  Beebe, 
Que. 

Structural  Iron  and  steel.  Dominion  Bridge  Co.,  AVInnipeg. 
Tile,  Adolph  Grant  &  Co.,  New  York. 

Terra   cotta.    Ebsary   FIreprootIng   Co.,   Winnipeg. 

Vacuum  cleaners.  Spencer. 

Weather  strip,   "Acme"   Strips.   The  Smiley  Co.,  Edmonton. 

Plumbing,  heating  and  ventilating.  H.  Kelly  &  Co..  MlnneapolLs. 


OMISSION. 
In    article    used    in    our    -April    issue    de.scriblng    the    National 
Cash  Register  plant  the  name  of  James,  Ix)udon  &  Hertzberg  was 
inadvertently    omitted    in    reproduction    of    view    showing    steel 
framework,   which   was  designed  by  this  firm. 


MARKET  FOR  GLASS. 
Recent  trade  reports  Indicate  that  a  market  for  glass  is  to 
be  found  In  Asuncion.  Paraguay.  Before  the  war,  importations 
were  largely  from  Belgium  and  Germany,  while  present  imports 
are  from  Spain  or  in  small  lots  from  commission  houses  In 
Buenos  Aires.  The  glass  from  Spain  costs  approximately  $8.00 
per  100  square  feet.  F.O.  B.  Spanish  ports. 


AN  EFFECT  OF  THE  GREAT  WAR. 
.\n  imi)ortant  result  and  a  lasting  condition  that  will  arise 
from  the  present  activity  in  plants  now  turning  out  munitions 
will  be  the  converting  of  the  new  machinery  installed  to  the 
manufacture  of  peace  time  products.  Representatives  of  manv 
industries  are  to-day  seeking  new  lines  to  keep  in  operation  the 
extra  equijiment  necessary  for  the  present  work  in  hand,  so 
that  Canada  in  future  will  be  in  a  position  to  not  only  supplv 
the  home  market  with  many  products  now  imported,  but  will 
be  in  a  position  to  enter  the  foreign  market  and  obtain  a  large 
share  of  the  trade  now  placed  elsewhere.  Many  specialties  can 
be  turned  out  on  the  machinery  now  making  munitions,  so  that 
the  market  which  in  the  past  has  been  supplied  for  foreign 
countries  can  be  taken  care  of  at  home,  giving  employment  to 
many  and  developing  Canada's  export  trade  at  the  same  time. 
The  opening  up  of  Canada's  undeveloped  resources  will  make 
demands  on  the  country's  industries  now  established,  as  well  as 
creating  many  new  opportunities  for  capital,  and  it  is  encour- 
aging to  .see  steps  being  taken  along  the  road  of  expansion,  to 
meet   the  approaching  prosperity  of  Canada. 


Architect 

s. 

engineers    a 

nd    contractors 

are 

invited 

to 

contribute    info 

rmation    on 

construction   work. 

whether 

it 

be   proposed 

or 

in   progress 

and   such 

nfo 

rmation  will 

be 

published  in 

th 

ese  columns 

Timber  Bulletin.— The  Minister  of  Lands  has  aimroved 
the  issue  of  Timber  Series  Bulletin  No.  18.  entitled  "British 
Columbia  Red  Cedar  Shingles."  This  four  page  leaflet  deals 
with  shingles  manufactured  from  the  famous  red  cedar  of  the 
province,  and  shows  how  to  get  the  best  value  from  them  bv 
proper  laying  Useful  information  about  the  various  classes  or 
grades  of  shingles  is  given,  as  well  as  concerning  the  kind  of 
nails  to  use.  and  how  to  prepare  and  lav  shingles  are  contained 
in  the  bulletin,  which  may  be  had  upon  application  to  the 
Forest    Branch.   A'ictoria.   B.C. 


n' 


June,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  6 


CONTENTS 

HAMILTON     HOMES     173 

HOUSE   BUILDING— PAST  AND   PRESENT    175 

SOME   TORONTO    HOMES    186 

CANADIAN    WOODS    FOR    INTERIOR    FINISH    189 

AN   ATTRACTIVE   BUNGALOW    193 

RECENT    HOUSES    IN    MONTREAL    AND    WESTMOUNT     196 

A   BRANTFORD   HOME    202 

EDITORIAL    205 

A  Nation's  Opportunity Frank  Darling.  LL.D. 

ARCHITECTURAL    DIGEST    206 

CONSTRUCTION    NEWS   208 

Full    Page    Illustrations 

FRONTISPIECE— RESIDENCE    OF    B.    WILSON,    VICTORIA,     B.C 172 

RESIDENCE    AT    VICTORIA,    B.C 192 

RESIDENCE    OF    T.    SLATER,    VICTORIA,    B.C 204 


H.    GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

GRAPHIC  ARTS  BLDG.,  TORONTO.  CANADA 

BRANCH  OFFICES 


MONTREAL 


NEW  YORK 


I 


172 


CONSTRUCTION 


Hamilton  Homes 


W.  D.  Flo  ft  Residence. 

The  hall  and  living  room  and  den  are  all  fin- 
ished in  qnartered  oak  stained  a  dull  brown.  The 
stone  facings  being  used  for  the  mantels  of  the 
hall  and  living  room.  The  sun  i-oom  is  in  cy- 
press stained  green  with  stucco  plastered  and 
quarry  tile  floor.  The  dining  room  is  an  ivory 
enamel,  and  walls  above  wainscoting  is  covered 
with  tapestry.  The  terraces  facing  the  lake 
front  are  all  quarry  tile.  The  house  is  heated 
witli  hot  water,  twin  boilers.  The  sewerage  is 
handled  ])y  a  seittic  tank  which  has  proven  very 


boiler.  A  large  l)illiard  room  is  on  the  third 
tloor,  which  overlooks  the  lake  and  surrounding 
country. 

G.  Sotitham  Residence. 

This  house  was  built  amongst  the  ])ines  on 
the  bi-own  of  what  is  called  Hamilton  Mountain, 
and  overlooks  the  city,  bay  antl  lake  beyond.  The 
exterior  is  of  grey  stucco  with  red  Spanish  tile 
roof.  The  sim  room  is  latticed  and  painted  grey. 
The  living  room  is  mahogany  with  white  stone 
mantel.  The  hall  is  in  quartered  oak  and  the 
dining  room  is  enamelled.    The  second  floor  is 


HALLWAY    AND    DRAWING    ROOM,    BLINK    BONNIE,    HAMILTON,    ONT. 


satisfactory.  The  boulders  for  exterior  work 
anri  fences  were  collected  from  the  surrounding 
country.  The  entire  upstairs  is  enamel  finisli, 
and  oak  fl(K)rs  throughout.  The  roof  is  of  red 
Spanish  tile,  and  the  exterior  wood  work  is 
painted  a  very  dark  brown  anil  exterior  plaster 
work  is  a  very  rough  pebbled  dash  finished  in  a 
cream  color.  All  wood  work  at  entrance  is  of 
oak.  The  house  is  supplied  with  water  from  the 
town  mains.  The  hot  water  is  supplied  by  a 
snuill  jacket  healer  connected  to  a  large  storage 


enamelled  throughout.    The  servants'  quarters 
are  over  the  kitchen  wing. 

Col.  J.  R.  Moodie  Residence. 

The  exterioi'  brick  used  in  this  house  are  Don 
Valley  bufi"  brick  and  l)rown  stone  trimmings. 
The  hall,  dining  room,  den  and  second  floor  hall 
is  finished  in  oak.  The  living  room  in  mahogany 
and  the  reception  room  is  in  enamel.  All  walls 
thioughout  are  covered  with  tapestry.  There  is 
a  large  organ  in  the  main  hall  and  connected  to 


173 


174 


CONSTRUCTION 


some  is  an  oclio  orjyan  placed  in  tlu'  ccirmj:;  nl' 
till'  upiHT  stair-c'asc  liail.  'I'liorc  is  also  a  liaij) 
coniu'ctcd  to  this  organ  wliich  can  be  operated 
witli  same.  Tlie  second  floor  rooms  arc  all  fin- 
ished in  enamel.  The  main  bath  room  is  tiled, 
floor,  walls  and  ceiliiiff.  This  house  is  heated 
with  liot  water,  twin  boilers,  and  also  has  an 
automatic  f?a«  heater  for  use  in  Spriuf;  and  Fall. 

//.  Ij.  Frost  Residence. 

First  floor  has  larji>e  ht\\\  in  maho<;-any  and 
enamel.  Livinf>:  room  i)anelle(l  to  ceilinf"-  in  oak. 
Library  in  mahogany.  Dining  room  is  enamel- 
led finished  with  panelled  plaster  walls.  Sun 
roonj,  tile  fl(M)r  and  painted  woodwork.  Kitchen 
and  pantries  in  white  maple,  natural  finish,  with 


maid's  sitting  room  off  same,     (larage  is  con- 
nected to  house  and  is  accessible  from  side  hall. 

Second  floor  has  five  bed  rooms,  all  enamell- 
ed finish,  and  three  bath  rooms  all  tile  floors  and 
walls.     Oak  floors  throughout. 

Large  billiard  room  in  basement  finished  in 
cypress.  Heating  is  hot  water  run  either  with 
gas  or  from  coal  in  boilers.  Vacuum  cleaning 
outfit  installed  in  cellar  and  connected  to  various 
l)arts  of  the  house,  'ihe  outside  sizes  of  house 
are  over  all  (101  ft.  by  48  ft.  f)  in.).  Walls  are 
all  8  in.  tile  faced  with  grey  rough  texture  l)rick; 
white  wood  work.  Roof  is  green  dull  glazed  tile. 
Iron  railings  painted  white. 

Thei-e  is  an  automatic  gas  lieater  connected 
to  hot  water  system  for  use  in  Spring  and  Fall 


FII'.ST  FLOOR  PLAN. 


SECOND  FLOOR  P^N. 


House  Building — Past  and  Present 


By  M.  H.  Baillie  Scott. 


IN  considering  the  houses  of  the  past  in  this 
country,  I  want  to  pierce  deeper  than  tlie 
mere  external  forms  in  which  building  expressed 
itself  from  time  to  time.  I 
do  not  propose  to  speak  of 
Early  English  work,  or 
Decorated,  or  Perpendi- 
cular, or  of  tracery  and 
pointed  arches.  All  this 
morphology  of  the  build- 
ing periods  is  extremely 
interesting,  but  not  of 
great  value  unless  we  can 
get  from  the  work  some 
conception  of  the  spirit 
that  informed  it.  The 
building  art  is,  like  other 
arts,  the  medium  for  the 
expression  of  the  indivi- 
dual or  combined  group 
of  individuals  who  pro- 
duced the  work.  What 
they  sowed  we  may  reap, 
no  more  and  no  less,  and 
the  spiritual  appeal  of  a 
building  represents  the 
sum  of  the  spiritual 
energy  put  into  it  by  its 
builders — the  heart  inspir- 
ing and  the  brain  guiding  the  dexterity  of 
the  hand.  I  give  this  trinity  of  factors  in 
the  order  of  their  importance.    The  most  vital 


matter  is  the  inspiration,  the  divine  spark  in 
the  work;  the  brain  gives  rational  guidance, 
and  the  hand  is  the  medium  of  expression.      If 


IIAM-WAY,    BLINK    DUNNIK,    1IA.MII,TUX,    ONT. 


A   liLlMPSE   CF    LIVING    KOOM,   BLINK    BON-NIK,    HAMILTON,   ONT. 

some  great  thought  is  seeking  expression,  the 
readiest  and  simplest  language  is  the  best.  The 
whole  tragedy  of  the  development  of  any  art  lies 
in  the  jiride  of  knowledge 
and  skill,  in  mere  profi- 
ciency for  it.=;  own  sake, 
which  reduces  the  whole 
art  to  the  level  of  an 
acrobatic  performance. 
The  art  of  building  in  the 
past  divides  itself  natur- 
ally into  three  periods : 

First,  the  craftsman 
period,  extending  from 
♦  he  earliest  Gothic  times, 
through  the  Middle  Affes 
up  to  the  time  of  the  Re- 
naissance. 

Second,  the  scholar 
neriod,  dating  from  the 
Renaissance  till  about  the 
'ud  of  the  eightaonth  ce.i- 
tury. 

Third,  the  shonkoeper 
neriod.  when  the  coniTuer- 
"ial  ir^oals  of  the  nine- 
teenth century  found  their 
ex^^'-o'ssion  in  building. 
There   is    alwavs   somo- 


175 


176 


CONSTRUCTION 


CONSTRUCTION 


\77 


HALLWAY,   LAKEHUP.ST  VILLA,  RESIDENCE  W.    D.    FLATT. 


thing  childlike  in  the  best  kind  of  art,  and  one  of 
tile  best  definitions  of  art  seems  to  me  the  one 
which  describes  it  as  tlie  survival  in  man  of  the 
play  instinct  of  the  child.  In  the  craftsman 
period  we  may  compare  tlie  builders  to  a 
liappy,  eager  band  of  children  building  castles 
on  the  seashore.       They  are  working  for  the 


best  of  all  motives— to  please  themselves.  And 
so  all  goes  well  with  them  and  their  work. 
And  tlien  we  may  imagine  the  coming  of  tlie 
Renaissance  in  the  person  of  some  pompous 
and  dignified  ])rofessor,  wlio  engages  to  teach 
these  hai)py  builders  how  their  work  ought  to  be 
done  according  to  classic  precedents.  The  chil- 
dren, somewhat  crestfallen,  are  not  unwilling  to 
try  a  new  game,  and  continue  to  extract  some 
cimusement  for  a  time  with  quaint  variations  on 


FinsT  FLOOR  PLAN. 


SECOND  FLOOR  PLAN. 


178 


CONSTRUCTION 


DINING   ROOM,   LAKEHURST   VILLA. 


the  classic  themes;  but  they  gradually  realize 
that  the  old  happy  holiday  work  is  over,  and  les- 
son time  and  grammar  has  begun.  But  still  they 
continue  to  find  some  pleasure  in  the  school  work 
which  has  been  thrust  upon  them. 

Then  comes  along  the  shopkeeper,  wlio  points 
out  to  the  professor  and  his  pupils  that  all  this 
working  for  fun,  as  the  children  did  at  first,  or 
working  according  to  rules  set  by  the  pi"ofessor, 
is  really  not  what  is  required  at  all.  It  isn't  prac- 
tical, and  it  doesn't  pay. 
No;  they  must  work  for 
his  profit,  and  nothing  else 
really  matters. 

And  so  tliese  children, 
who  were  once  liappy  and 
free,  first  became  scholars 
and  now  liave  become  fac- 
tory hands.  Through  end- 
less hours  of  dull  labor 
they  do  again  and  again 
the  same  tasks. 

If  the  methods  of  the  old 
Imilders  "are  here  advocat- 
ed, it  is  not  because  they 
are  the  old  methods,  but 
lu'cau^e  they  are  the  right 
methods;  and,  although 
the  final  result  of  their  ap- 
plication will  lead  to  a 
resemblance  between  the 
modern  house  built  in  the 
old  way  and  the  old  house 
itself,  that  is  merely  be- 
«iuse  in  both  risrlit  ])rin- 
cijiles  have  lieen  followed. 


This  is  (juite  a  tlilTerent 
thing  from  servile  imita- 
liiiii.  Ill'  till'  uiiintcMigciit 
i-('pi()(liii'tioii  of  cliaracler- 
istic  f(':itui('s  of  the  peri- 
ods Wiiich  we  find  display- 
ed ill  the  sliowrooiiis  of 
liie  modcrti  ('aliiiictniaker. 
The  Tiidni-  roil, II,  wilh  all 
the  proper  ;i|i|iiiiiitiiieiits 
of  the  period,  in  'In  ling  a 
suit  of  aiiiioi'  pr()))peil  u\> 
in  the  corner  and  iini!;ition 
beams  in  the  ceiliii!;,  is  no 
proper  setting  for  modern 
life,  and  must  nci-e-sarily 
appear  an  alfeetation  to 
any  sensible  person.  Many 
ol'  the  simpler  featui'es  of 
the  Tudor  house  may,  in 
deed,  he  put  into  the  cruci- 
lile  of  the  mind  ami  dis- 
tilled into  a  new  hai'- 
mony,  subject  to  those 
n  e  c  e  s  s  a  r  y  rest  rict  ions 
that  the  i-eaiities  of  modern  life  impose. 

If  the  media'val  building  age  may  l)e  con- 
sidered as  the  daytime  of  the  arts,  we  ina\-  con- 
tinue the  figure  and  think  of  the  l)reakinu-  up  of 
the  craftsman  i)eriod  as  a  time  having  the  ripe 
ami  mellow  beauties  of  the  sunset.  In  the  early 
part  of  the  eighteenth  century  the  last  warm 
afterglow  had  faded  from  the  sky,  and  after  that 
nothing  was  left  but  the  cold  greyness  of  the 
later  Renaissance,  eventually  succeeded  by  the 


LIVING    K(X)M,    LAKEHUHST    VILLA. 


CONSTRUCTION 


179 


IIKSUIKXCE,    11.    1..    KKOST,    HAMILTON,    O.NT. 

darkness  of  the  Victorian  era,  the  true  dark  age 
of  the  building  art.  Since  tlien,  in  modern  times, 
we  have  had  various  little  local  dawns,  but  no 
new  day  lias  yet  arrived  on  any  comprehensive 
scale  in  the  building  world. 

Of  the  three  periods  of  building,  then,  that  of 
the  craftsman  seems  to  me  incomparably  the 
best.  The  art  of  building  during  the  craftsman 
period  was  the  central  and  dominant  art  of  the 
world,  a  kind  of  universal  language  expressing 


GORDON    J.    HUTTON,   ARCHITECT. 


the  ideals  of  the  nation  as  a  whole.  To  the 
simple,  practical  minds  of  t'he  old  builders  it  was 
sufficiently  obvious  that  the  projjer  function  of 
art  was  in  the  creation  of  a  world  of  buildings. 
Art  was  not  a  thing  to  be  shut  away  in  galleries 
and  raaseums,  but  its  proper  sphere  was  a  mucli 
wider  one  than  that.  It  was  no  less  than  the 
adornment  of  the  whole  world  in  which  we  live. 
Every  village  and  every  town  was  an  artistic 
creation.    Nothing  we  have  done  since,  no4;hing 


OROUND  FLOOK  I'LAN,      HE8IDBNCB,   H.  L.  FROST,  HAMILTON. 


180 


CONSTRUCTION 


LIVING    ROOM,   RESIDENCE, 

we  can  do  now,  is  to  be  compared  for  a  moment 
with  the  gUn-y  of  that  building  art.  It  was  a 
living  force  chviniing  for  its  expresision  the  or- 
ganized and  combined  efforts  of  a  whole  com- 
munity of  craftsmen.  So  intimately  blended  is 
the  spirit  of  the  old  buildings  with  their  natural 
suri-oundings  that  it  would  seem  as  if  the  same 
power  that  created  the  one  had  also  inspired 


H.    L.    FliOST,    HAMILTON,   UNT. 

the  production  of  the  other,  and  so  we  find 
throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  land 
the  old  builder  with  his  n)agic  touch  has  created 
new  beauties  evcrywlicif,  in  village  and  town, 
in  church  and  manor,  in  farmhouse  and  cottage. 
The  virtue  of  building  as  an  art  does  not  lie  in 
any  i)articular  outward  forms.  Tracery,  cusp- 
ings,  Corinthian  colunms,  all  the  accumulated 


_  ea'-j'    4> "■' 


CONSTRUCTION 


181 


arcliitectural  lumber  of  the  ages,  are 
quite  useless  to  us  in  tliemselves.  The 
only  thing  that  really  matters  is  the 
spirit  wliit'h  inspires  the  producers  of 
tlie  buildings.  Given  a  group  of  crafts- 
men, working  not  only  for  material  gain, 
l)ut  inspired  by  some  noble  ideal,  and 
their  work,  in  spite  of  themselves  almost, 
will  reveal  to  the  discerning  eye  some- 
thing of  the  (piality  of  the  spiritual  force 
which  created  it.  The  old  Trades  Guilds 
were  combinations  of  craftsmen  for  the 
purpose  of  building,  and  the  most  strik- 
ing fact  about  them  was  that  the  bond 
which  united  them  was  not  a  money 
bond.  In  these  brotherhoods  of  workers 
there  was  nothing  ecpiivalent  to  our 
system  of  cai)ital  and  labor— of  masters 
making  profits  -and  laborers  taking 
wages.     It  is  true  that  the  material  in- 


DINING  ROOMj   RESIDENCE,    H.    L.    FROST. 


terests  of  the  craftsmen  were  looked 
after  by  the  Guild.  The  livelihood  of 
the  members  was  secured  whether  they 
happened  to  be  working  or  not.  They 
were  free  to  work  not  merely  to  live,  but 
for  the  honor  and  glory  of  their  Guild. 
That,  and  not  mere  cash  payment,  was 
the  bond  which  held  tliem  together.  Can 
we  wonder,  then,  that  their  work  was 
something  radically  different  to  modern 
building?  The  value  of  the  knowledge 
they  accumulated  and  bequeathed  to 
their  successors  was  of  a  kind  which  in 
these  days  of  book  learning  we  can  ])er- 
liaps  hardly  appreciate.  It  was  instinc- 
tive rather  than  reasoned,  and  was  a 
thing  too  subtle  to  be  formulated  by  any 
woi-ds.  Until  we  can  get  work  done 
again  in  the  old  way,  and  enlist  the 
hearts  and  heads,  as  well  as  the  hands, 


HALL,    RESIDENCE,    H.    L.    FROST. 


of  every  workman  in  our  service,  it  is 
idle  hope  that  we  shall  produce  any  sort 
of  building  or  architecture  worthy  of 
the  ]iame.  Men  do  not  gather  grapes  of 
thorns,  or  figs  of  thistles,  and  the  ugli- 
ness of  modei-n  building  is  the  inevitable 
and  natural  result  of  the  ugliness  of  the 
methods  that  produce  it.  In  a  word, 
wliile  the  normal  modern  house  is  the 
confessed  symbol  of  greed  or  jirofit,  the 
old  one  stood  for  delight  in  work.  And 
tliis  delight  in  work  was  fostered  by  the 
Guilds,  and  there  was  no  outside  power 
then  to  step  in  and  say,  "No,  you  are  to 
woj'k  for  m\'  protit,  and  not  for  vour  own 
delight." 

I  have  no  wish  to  pose  as  a  reformer, 
and  T  have  no  "Morrison's  Pill"  to  cure 
the  ills  of  the  labor  world;  but  I  cannot 
help  wishing  that,  when  we  once  more 


LIBRARY,   RESIDENCE,   H.   L.   FROST. 


182 


CONSTRUCTION 


turn  our  minds  to  the  arts  of  [)eace,  sonic 
orfjanization  of  labor,  nuxlolled  on  the  olil 
Trades  (Juilds,  may  be  attempted  as  the  first 
step  to  secure  some  real  revival  of  tlie  art 
of  bnijdinfi:.  In  such  orjfanization  the  arehitc  t 
must  take  his  plaee,  not  as  an  alien  superior  per- 
son, I)ut  as  one  so  intimately  associated  with 
lal)or  that  he  oan  interpret  its  dreams  in  h  rms 
his  fellow-workmen  can  appre<'ia'te  and  undci' 
stand. 

If  we  examine  syni|)athetically  an  old  buildinji; 
of  the  craftsman  period,  we  stell  find  that  the 
whole  of  the  fabric  seems  to  be  saturated  with  a 
kind  of  human  warmth  of  life,  and  the  uncon- 


i-  In  say,  in  their  surface  and  outline  lliev  lia\'e 
I  lie  kind  of  surface  and  outline  which  beUmj^^s  to 
burnt  clay,  and  to  no  other  material,  and  their 
lifeliistory  is  still  further  recoi-ded  in  the  varied 
clondinf?  and  coloring? of  the  (ire.  And  tlie  bricks 
arc  sensibly  arrauf^ed  without  any  unnecessary 
time  wasted  in  makinj;:  them  exactly  reji:ular.  The 
eye  of  the  woi'kman  Kuid<'s  his  iiand  witiiout  any 
incciianical  aids,  and  so  the  work  bccouu's  a  hu- 
man document '  becomes  almost  as  character- 
istic as  handwriting.  And  tln-n  when  we  con- 
sider tiie  timber  we  shall  find  tiie  same  discern- 
inent  in  its  f  leatment.  In  a  nuitcrial  which  has  a 
distinct  u-iain,  and  which  '^'wea  us  a  distinct  and 


ItESIDENCE,    G.    SOUTHAM,    IIAMILTU.N',   ONT. 


MlLLci    &    HinON,    AKCHITECTK, 


characteristic  surface  when  chipped  with  an 
adze  or  chisel,  it  seems  that  the  real  qualities  of 
the  timber  can  best  be  developed  by  such  work- 


FIRST  FLOOR  PLAN. 


SECOND   FH  OR   PLAN. 


scious  art  of  it  does  not  lie  in  any  cleverness  or 
feats  of  skill,  but  in  a  glowing,  warmhearted 
vitality  which  seems  to  permeate  it.  The  whole 
teclmi(iue  of  its  workmanship  differs  materially 
from  nu)dern  practice,  and  such  merits  as  it  pos- 
sesses depend  to  no  small  extent  on  the  way  in 
which  the  work  is  done. 

The  great  principle  which  seems  to  have  been 
unconsciously  divined  by  these  old  builders  is 
that  each  matei'ial  used  has  its  peculiar  quali- 
ties, and  in  its  handling  these  qualities  are  to  be 
recognized  and  developed.  Thus  the  bricks  in 
the  walls  are  patiently  made  of  burnt  clay— that 


manship.  Again,  in  the  treatment  of  wrought 
iron  we  find  the  forms  of  the  metal  chiefly  valu- 
able as  illustrating  the  fact  that  though  now 
cold  and  hard,  in  i>assing  through  the  fire  it  was 
soft  and  ductile.  In  the  plaster  the  same  hint  as 
to  character  will  be  given,  and  it  will  appear  like 
a  lava  stream  which  has  flooded  the  walls,  Howel 
round  the  timbers,  and  so  at  last  become  I'rozeu. 
And  all  the  subtle  difTerences  of  texture  in  sur- 
faces and  outline  arising  from  this  kind  of 
craftsmanship  will  come  about,  not  for  the  love 
of  irregularity  for  its  own  sake,  but  for  the  sake 
of  expressing  the  individual  character  of  ea-h 


CONSTRUCTION 


183 


material.  Anyone  who  lias 
engaged  in  any  kind  of 
craftmansliip  must  have 
experienced  that  kind  ol' 
will-force  which  a  ma- 
terial, such  as  timber,  for 
instance,  possesses.  You 
may  lead  it  gently  in  one 
direction,  biit  only  by 
force  can  it  be  made  to  go 
in  anotlier.  The  crafts- 
man, then,  «an  either  im- 
pose his  will  relentlessly 
and  crush  the  individual- 
ity of  the  material  with  a 
mailed  fist,  or  he  can  allow 
the  expression  of  its  char- 
acter. 

All  these  qualities  of  old 
work  are  not  difficult  to 
obtain.  They  arrive  auto- 
matically if  work  is  done 

simply  and  naturally.  To  smooth  away  all  the 
character  from  a  piece  of  oak  til!  it  might  be 
mud,  or  cheese,  or  anything,  is  quite  a  tedious 
process,  and,  indeed,  is  generally  the  outcome  of 
pride  in  command  over  tools— the  [)itfall  which 
seems  always  to  await  every  school  of  crafts- 
manship. We  must  give  up  all  such  ])ride  of 
mastery;  for  good  w^orkmanship,  like  good  gov- 
ernment, must  seek  to  understand  the  true  char- 
acter of  its  subjects,  and  yield  room  for  the  due 
expression  of  that  character.  If,  then,  we  con- 
sider the  craftsman  as  the  ruler  of  a  kingdom, 
in  which  each  material  is  given  its  appointed 
task  and  allowed  in  the  doing  of  it  the  proper 
exj)ression  of  its  qualities,  we  shall  find  the 
cunuilative  result  in  the  building,  of  isolated 
tasks  rightly  done,  beyond  all  our  expectations. 


RBCBPTION    HALL,   0.   80UTHAM,  IlESIDENCE,    HAMILTON,  ONT. 


LIVING    ROOM,   G.    SOUTHAM    RESIDENCE,    HAMILTON,  ONT. 

It  is  difficult  to  put  into  words  the  effect  of  an 
old  house  of  the  craftsman  period  on  the  mind  of 
the  sjTiipathetic  observer.    We  may  be  moved  to 
delight  by  pictures  and  all  the  stored  treasures 
of  the  past  to  be  found  in  our  museums.    We  ad- 
mire all  these  things,  but  perhaps  go  away  from 
them  with  a  confusion  of  the  mind  and  a  head- 
ache.   We  are  dimly  conscious   that   there   is 
something  wrong,  and  that  art  should  not  be 
jumbled  into  galleries  and  museums,  but  form 
the  proper  setting  of  our  lives.    But  in  the  old 
house  we  find  the  real  thing  that  our  fathers 
knew.    We  are  enveloped  at  once  in  an  atmos- 
phere of  peace.     We  are  snatched  away  from 
transitory  frivolities  and  all  the  superficial  un- 
rest of  modern  life.    The  walls  seem  to  breathe 
out  healing  virtue,  and  as 
we    pass    from    room    to 
room    we    recognize    that 
here  indeed  is  the  mistress 
art,  compared  with  which 
all  other  arts  are  vain. 

In  leaving  the  considera- 
tion of  the  craftsman 
period  for  that  of  the 
scholar  period  at  the  time 
of  the  Renaissance,  we  are 
taking  the  first  step  on 
the  downward  path  which 
ended  in  the  lowest  depths 
of  the  Victorian  era. 

In  the  craftsman  period 
house  building  was  essen- 
tially a  creative  art,  and 
all  its  forms  were  the  ex- 
pression of  definite  func 
tions.  A  be-im  was  placed 
^o  carrv  weight,  a  buttress 
to    resist    pressure.     But 


184 


CONSTRUCTION 


wln'ii  Hr'  Hc'iiaissance  introduced  to  our  build- 
ers all  tlio  features  of  classic  architecture, 
a  new  |>riiicii)le  of  imitativo  art  was  intro- 
duced. At  Hrst  tlie  impetus  of  the  tradition  of 
the  jfuilds  prevented  any  serious  damage,  and 
(he  ([iiaiiit  usi'  of  the  lu'w  forms  l)y  tlie  crafts- 
man of  Kngland  was  not  without  its  charm; 
while  the  prime  sdiolarsliip  of  the  style  of  build- 
inj^:  thus  dcvelopeil  was  saved  from  dulness  and 
l)cdantry  hy  tlic  iiumaii  (|ualities  of  the  earlier 
tradition.    But  still,  by  slow  degrees,  the  whole 


deiiuinded  the  building  took  upon  itself  various 
forms,  liut  when  the  Renaissanee  came,  and 
men  began  to  look  back  and  imitate  externals, 
it  became  the  custom  to  think  of  tlie  house  as  a 
rectangular  symmetrical  box,  in  the  four  walls 
of  whicli  had  to  })e  packed  tlie  multitudinous 
apartments  which  a  more  advanced  civilization 
demanded.  In  the  wtruggle  which  ensued,  sym- 
metry generally  bi'oke  down  somewliere,  and  it 
was  necessary  to  help  it  out  with  the  sham  win- 
dow and  other  devices.     This  kind  of  building 


HOME   ON    Dltr.M.SNAB    HOAl),   TOKONTO. 

business  of  building  became  hardened  into  for- 
mula;  tlie  creative  artist  gradually  became  spe- 


WICKSON    &    GREOG,    AKCHITKCTS. 


JBflUj'P 


^^^&=csSi 


FIRST  FLOOR  PLAN. 

ciaiized  in  the  accessory  arts,  and  tlie  downfall 
of  building  ;is  an  art  was  complete.  In  the  build- 
ings of  the  craftsman  ))eriod  all  the  forms  used 
were  those  whicli  the  creative  intelligence  of  the 
builders  had  devise<l  to  meet  the  reciuiremeuts  of 
structure,  without  reference  to  buildings  created 
for  otliei-  purposes  and  other  climates.  The 
whole  foini  of  (he  plan  was  conditioned  mainly 
by  the  huildinL;  up  of  its  comi)oneut  apartments 
in  their  i-eipiireil  positions,  and  as  (he  occasion 


SBCOND   FLOOR   PLAN. 

was  most  at  home  in  the  town,  where  the  rectan- 
gular outline  of  the  plan  was  logical;  but  in  the 
country  the  rambling  and  irregular  forms  of  the 
earlier  buildings  were  more  appropriate  and 
more  in  harmony  with  their  natural  surround- 
ings. The  main  dia whack  to  the  Renaissance 
work,  however,  was  that  it  destroyed  the  crea- 
tive initiative  of  the  craftsman.  All  the  realities 
of  the  building  became  degraded  to  the  dismal 
science  expounded  in  the  current  text-books. 


CONSTRUCTION 


185 


Ouce  the  habit  of  copy- 
ing foreign  buildings  wa^i 
established,  it  quickly  tireil 
of  the  buildings  of  Konie 
and  passed  on  to  Uieek 
art.  Then  Gothic  work 
was  discovered,  and  duly 
imitated  in  its  turn.  And 
so  our  architects  passe. I 
from  style  to  style  with 
growing  dissatisfaction. 
Each  new  adventure  be- 
came in  turn  old-fashion- 
ed, and  it  was  always  the 
latest  enterprise  which 
was  going  to  be  the  right 
things  at  last.  But  still  the 
glory  that  was  Greece  and 
the  soul  of  Gothic  art  alike 
proved  too  elusive  to  be 
captured.  Each  belonged 
to  its  own  time  and  to  no  other,  and  found 
no  place  in  the  modern  world.  The  great 
glory  of  Greek  and  Goth  was  that  they  created 
Greek  and  Gothic  buildings.  It  was  nothing  to 
tlie  credit  of  the  modern  architect  to  imitate 
these  creations.  He  might  as  well  have  im- 
agined he  could  emulate  Shakespeare  by  copy- 
ing a  page  from  one  of  his  plays. 

And  while  our  architects  were  busy  with  all 
these  futilities,  gradually  whatever  practical 
structural  ability  we  were  producing  was  spe- 
cializing itself  in  engineering,  while  artistic 
genius  w'as  devoting  itself  to  painting  and  sculp- 
ture. The  building  art  became  drained  of  its 
best  blood,  and  the  production  of  houses,  the 
most  vitally  important  function  of  the  com- 
munit}',  became,  las  it  remains  to-day,  the  almost 
ex'clusive  field  of  the  speculative  builder.  And 
as  in  the  Victorian  era  the  last  breath  of  the 
earlier  tradition  expired,  the  English  house 
touche<l  its  lowest  depths.    We  have  not  to  go 


LIVING   ROOM,    HOMK   ON    DRUMSNAB  ROAU,  TORONTO. 


Dl.VI.Va    ROf)M,    HOME   ON    URIMSNAB    ROAD,   TORONTO. 


far  to  find  plenty  of  examples  of  these  houses, 
with  their  dark  basements  and  lofty  reception 
rooms — harsh,  cold,  and  repellent— without  one 
touch  of  humian  handicraft.  To  follow  the  pro- 
gress of  house  building  through  the  nineteenth 
century  is  a  sorry  task.  One  is  reminded  of 
the  old  story  of  the  tower  of  Babel,  when  the 
building  was  obstructed  by  a  confusion  of 
tongues.  On  the  one  hand  was  the  architect, 
with  his  enthusiasm  for  reproductions;  on  the 
other,  the  craftsman  without  any  enthusiasm  at 
all.  Architect  and  craftsman  lived  in  different 
worlds,  and  spoke  different  languages;  and  so 
the  ai'chitect  always  found  in  some  disconcerting 
way  that  his  modern  house,  built  on  the  model  of 
the  old,  was  never  the  least  like  it.  The  old  was 
always  better,  because  it  was  produced  under 
entirely  different  conditions,  and  was  a  spon- 
taneous and  uni(pie  exi)res&ion  of  its  time. 

I  can  liken  the  buildings  so  producetl  to  noth- 
ing better  than  waxworks.  They  reproduced  ex- 
ternal forms,  but  could 
not  supply  the  ^ital  spark. 
The  builders  went  through 
the  motions  of  building, 
and  gave  us  all  the  corect 
external  forms;  but  they 
could  not  give  us  the  one 
thing  needful  to  make 
their  dry  bones  live. 

The  School  Board  of 
Chin  o  o  k,  Alberta,  L. 
Pi-oudfoot,  Secretary,  is 
asking  for  competitive 
1^1  ans  for  a  school  of  brick 
veneer  construction, 
steam  heated.  The  im- 
mediate requirement  is  a 
four  roomed  sehoolhouse 
designed  for  extension  to 
eight  rooms. 


Some  Toronto  Homes 


House  oil  I)niiiisn(il)  lioud,  Toronto. 

Tliis  liouse  is  built  of  hollow  tile  coustruction, 
plasterofl  on  the  exterior  and  jvlaster  left  the 
natural  reniout  t'olor.  The  roof  is  shingled,  the 
shingles  being  stained  in  two  shades  of  dark 
green.  Added  efl'ect  is  given  to  the  main  fronts 
by  the  use  of  lattice  work,  wliicli  covers  the  first 
storej'.  The  garage  conforms  in  gencriii  design 
with  the  house. 

The  dining-ix>om,  main  liiall  and  living  room 
have  been   finished  in  mailiogany,  the  dining- 


r()om  and  main  iiall  being  panelled  to  the  ceil- 
ing. The  den  is  finished  in  oak,  and  the  other 
principal  rooms  in  white. 

Jn  the  basement,  besides  the  usual  provision 
for  heating,  laundry  work,  etc.,  there  have  been 
))rovidcd  a  billiard  room  and  a  play  i"oom,  which 
arc  reached  from  the  main  hall  above  by  a  separ- 
ate staircase. 

Residence  at  No.  263  Roxboro  St.  East. 
The  main  point  for  consideration  in  connec- 
tion with  the  above  residence  was  to  obtain  a 


RKiilDENt-'E    ON     SFAIUNA    liOAl>.    T(H{(>NT(). 


EDWARDS   &    SAUNDERS,   ARCHITECTS. 


])lan  which  took  full  advantage  of  the  situation. 
The  plan  follows  the  English  style,  insomuch 
that  the  more  important  elevation  and  living 
side  of  the  house  faces  the  garden,  which  in  this 


=a==Q 


SECOND  FLOOR  PLAN. 


186 


CONSTRUCTION 


W 


ease  is  of  unusual  interest  on  account  of  the  wide 
expanse  of  the  ravine  it  overlooks. 

The  library,  which  is  also  the  main  living 
room,  is  at  what  is  ordinarily  the  basement 
level,  but  owing  to  the  slope  of  the  lot  it  enters 
directly  on  to  the  garden  terrace.  The  garage  is 
also  placed  in  the  basement,  and  is  approached 
by  a  road  that  slopes  down  across  the  frpnt  of 
the  building,  thereby  obtaining  the  additional 
distance  to  ease  the  gradient. 

The  style  of  the  design  is  a  modern  adapta- 
tion of  an  early  English  domestic  type,  and  was 
chosen  partly  out  of  consideration  of  the  loca- 
tion of  the  lot,  as  it  lends  itself  to  a  free,  pic- 
turesque treatment.  The  main  interest  of  the 
street  elevation  centres  in  the  enriched  centre 
gable,  emphasized  by  the  plainness  of  the  flank- 
ing walls,  whereas  the  interest  of  the  garden 
elevation,  which,  owing  unfortunately  to  the  un- 
finished condition,  has  not 
been  illustrated,  consists 
in  the  large  twin  bay  win- 
dows, from  which  an  un- 
usually fine  view  is  en- 
joyed. 

The  library  is  trimmed 
with  quarter-cut  oak,  the 
main  floor  with  walnut  and 
whitewood,  and  the  bed 
rooms  with  whitewood. 
The  walls  on  all  sides  are 
of  Credit  Valley  stone 
with  Indiana  limestone 
trimmings,  and  the  roof- 
ing material  is  shingle. 

Residence,  Spadina  Road. 

From    the    illustrations 
and  plans  of  the  residence 
in  Spadina  Road  for  Mrs. 
W.  Cardeil  Hall  the  reader 
sees  an  example  of  domes- 
tie  architecture  which,  though  of  moderate  size 
and  unpretentious  design,  satisfies  that  desire 
of  the  discriminating  householder  for  a  con- 
venient, compact   and  homelike  design,  which 
shows  good  taste  in  its  every  aspect. 

The  construction  is  sandstone  and  brick  for 
the  lower  storey  and  stucco  on  brick  for  the  up- 
per. The  exterior  woodwork  is  painted  a  stone 
white,  while  the  shingled  roof  is  stained  a  dull 
red.  Two  pleasing  features  are  the  large  open 
stone  terrace  with  stone  balustrade,  taking  the 
place  of  the  usual  verandah,  and  the  porte  co- 
<'here  with  balcony  above. 

The  ground  floor  plan  is  very  simple,  the  re- 
ception I'oom,  dining  room  and  library  opening 
off  the  main  or  sta'rcase  hall,  are  completely 
separated  from  the  kitchen  by  the  rear  hall,  and 
a  large  butler's  pantry  which  opens  off  the  din- 
ing room.     The  cooking  is  done  by  electricity 


and  the  whole  of  this  department  is  equipped 
with  all  the  modern  conveniences,  making  the 
whole  exceptionally  convenient. 

As  to  interior  trim  the  library  is  red  birch  fin- 
ished mahogany;  the  dining  room,  natural  col- 
ored gumwood,  and  finished  with  a  wax  finish. 

The  hall  is  white  oak  with  a  panelled  dado 
and  a  very  handsome  staircase,  the  whole  being 
finished  like  the  dining  room.  The  reception 
room  is  enamelled  white. 

The  upstairs  plan  is  also  conveniently  ar- 
ranged, the  owner's  room  being  directly  con- 
nected with  a  private  bath  room  with  needle 
baths  etc.  The  guests '  and  two  other  bed  rooms 
are  grouped  about  the  upstairs  hall,  while  the 
servants'  quarters  are  absolutely  separated 
from  the  other  portions  of  the  house. 

Soft  and  hard  water  are  supplied  for  all  pur- 
poses by  an  electric  pumping  system  and  the 


MAIN    HALL,  liBSUlKNCE   ON    SPADINA  ROAD,  TORONTO. 

whole  establishment,  although  outside  the  city 
limits,  has  all  the  conveniences  usually  only 
found  inside  the  city. 

Special  attention  has  been  paid  to  obtain 
jjlenty  of  windows  and  the  result  is  a  light, 
bright  and  cheerful  house,  of  which  the  owner 
and  architects  may  well  feel  proud. 


Compared  with  a  year  ago,  a  notable  increase 
is  shown  in  the  volume  of  building  permits  for 
May.  The  total  bears  evidence  of  considerable 
building  activity  throughout  Canada.  While 
the  totals  from  Ottawa,  Fort  William,  London 
and  Berlin  show  a  falling  off,  other  cities  have 
gained  considerably.  These  include  Toronto, 
Montreal,  Winnipeg,  Calgary,  St.  John,  Hali- 
fax, Westmount,  Windsoi-,  Port  Arthur,  Moose 
Jaw,  Medicine  Hat,  Brantford,  Stratford  and 
Kingston. 


188 


CONSTRUCTION 


-lj~~^ 


^^ 


-    i^ 

ii  *  ^jT' 


Canadian  Woods  For  Interior  Finish 

Bv  L.  B.  Beale.* 


MODERN  requirements  in  interior  finish, 
whatever  the  material  employed,  demand 
simplicity  in  design  and  treatment.  Tlie  days  of 
tlie  heavily  moulded  and  ornamented  door, 
architrave  and  general  trim  are  past.  A  great 
deal  of  the  woodwork,  es|)ecially  in  residence 
and  school  work,  appeared  in  the  past  to  have 
been  designed  with  a  view  to  catching  and  hold- 
ing as  much  dirt  as  possible.  To-day  we  find 
))lain  broad  surfaces  in  wall  panelling,  doors  and 
trim.  This  c'hange  is  not  only  more  sanitary,  in 
that  the  minimum  of  dust  is  collected,  but  cleans- 
ing is  a  very  simple  matter.  Then,  too,  the 
plainer  surfaces  bring  out  the  beauty  of  the 
woods  to  the  fullest  extent. 

In  consequence  of  the  increasing  scarcity  and 
advancing  cost  of  hardwoods,  architects  and 
home  Builders  have  sought  less  expensive  woods 
for  interior  finish.  As  far  as  C'anada  is  con- 
cerned, this  offers  little  or  no  difficulty,  for  with- 

•Brltish  Columbia  Lumber  Commissioner  for  Eastern  Canada. 


in  the  Dominion  we  have  abundant  supplies  of 
some  of  the  finest  woods  the  world  produces. 
Woods  that  are  wear-resisting,  durable  and 
pleasing  in  appearance  are  demanded  for  in- 
terior finish.  Absence  of  curl  or  warp  and  free- 
dom from  sliver  and  checking  are  also  necessary. 
The  principal  factor  in  any  wood  used  for  in- 
terior finish  is  that  it  must  be  perfectly  dry  be- 
fore using.  Too  much  stress  cannot  be  laid  on 
this  i)oint,  for  unless  wood  is  absolutely  dry,  no 
matter  what  kind  of  wood  is  used,  trouble  is  sure 
to  result.  Often  dry  finished  mill  work  is  fixed 
in  a  building  before  the  plastering  is  dry.  This 
practice  will  affect  all  woods  and  should  be 
avoided  if  satisfactory  results  are  desired. 

CANADIAN   WOODS  AVAILABLE. 

Canada  has  immense  forests  of  splendid  wood 
excellently  suited  for  interior  work.  Over  half 
Canada's  lumber  .supi)ly  is  contained  in  the 
magnificent  forests  of  British  Columbia.    In  the 


THK    KOKE.ST    BEKOKK   1.0(!GINa. 


189 


190 


CONSTRUCTION 


INTERIOR  FINISH   OP  BRITISH   COLUMBIA   DOUGLAS  FIR  AND   WESTERN   RED  CEDAK. 


Pacific  Province  we  find  the  "universal  wood" 
Doniiflas  fir,  a  wood  liaving  qualities  which  are 
demanded  in  every  class  of  work,  from  trestle 
hridge  to  drawing  room.  This  wood  is  first  in 
size,  strength,  beauty  of  finish  and  all-round  use- 


fulness. It  is  durable,  light,  easily  worked,  has 
a  grain  and  figure  of  delicate  marking,  and  will 
take  any  kind  of  finish.  As  a  materia!  for  in- 
terior finish,  Douglas  fir  leads  all  other  woods 
where  moderate  price  and  all-round  excellence 


AN    INTKIilOl!    FINISH    IN    BltlTISIl    COLUMBIA    WOODS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


191 


are  desired.  Cut  ed<>-e  grain,  it  has  the  quiet, 
restful  appearance  desired  in  framing  and  trim. 
Cut  flat  grain,  the  broader  figure  is  shown  and  is 
used  in  this  form  for  panels.  For  wide  panels  a 
rotary  cut  veneer  is  manufactured,  giving  a 
delicate,  silky  grain  in  a  thousand  varied  forms. 
Panels  up  to  forty-eight  inches  wide  are  nuule  in 
this  form,  perfect  in  every  way,  and  of  great 
strength.  The  edge  grain  Douglas  fir  makes  a 
first-class  flooring,  very  large  quantities  being 
used  for  this  purpose  throughout  ('anada.  The 
refpiirements  of  a  good  floor  are  resistance  to 
wear,  absence  of  sliver  and  curl,  good  appear- 


Western  red  cedar  is  largely  used  for  high- 
class  interior  finish.  Its  remarkable  durability 
and  beauty  place  it  in  the  front  rank  for  wall 
l)anelling  and  other  forms  of  interior  work.  A 
particularly  pleasing  job  executed  in  Western 
red  cedar  is  a  large  organ  front  in  a  Toronto 
church.  The  wood  was  finislied  to  a  perfect  sur- 
face and  left  without  stain  or  varnish,  or  any 
other  treatment.  The  result  is  most  satisfac- 
tory, the  wood  increasing  in  I)eauty  with  the 
passage  of  time. 

The  soft  pine  and  Western  white  pine  of  Brit- 
ish Columbia  rank  among  the  best  woods  avail- 


A    CITY    BUILT   OF    WOOD. 


ance  and  ability  to  take  a  good  finish.  All  these 
points  are  most  satisfactorily  filled  by  using 
edge  grain  B.  C.  Douglas  fir.  I'ractically  every 
kind  of  finish  can  be  successfully  ai)i)lied  to 
Douglas  fir  floorinjr,  from  the  refined  and  quiet 
appearing  beeswax  to  the  high  <<loss  hard  floor 
varnish.  Tn  dressing  the  flooring  after  laying, 
<'are  should  be  taken  to  sand  the  wood  with  the 
grain.  Sanding  across  the  grain  will  leave 
scratchy  marks  on  any  wood.  Douglas  fir  makes 
remarkably  good  door  and  window  frames, 
mouldings,  and  trim  of  all  kinds. 


able  for  interior  finish.  These  woods  dress  to  a 
remarkably  smooth  and  silky  finisli,  and  are  used 
for  every  kind  of  interior  woi-k.  Large  quanti- 
ties are  at  present  being  shipped  to  Eastern 
Canada  for  sash  and  door  stock,  and  are  replac- 
ing the  imported  woods. 

()ther  B.  C.  woods  in  great  favor  for  interior 
work  are  Western  larch  and  Western  hemlock. 

Truly  British  Columbia  has  "a  wood  for  every 
use"  available  in  abundance,  and  at  prices 
which  make  their  use  possible  in  all  classes  of 
work. 


1').' 


CONSTRUCTION 


An  Attractive  Bungalow 


IN  the  bungalow  illustrated  herewith  is  shown 
the  home  of  W.  Breden  Galbraith,  architect, 
built  in  Lawrence  Park,  North  Toronto.  The 
design,  with  the  tuck-pointed  stonework,  pro- 
jecting rafter  and  beam  ends,  pergolas  and  per- 
gola gateways  and  the  interesting  brick  steps 
and  electric  light  post,  is  more  than  suggestive 
of  the  California  bungalow  tj'pe,  a  type  that  has 
endeared  itself  to  many  in  our  Northern  climate 
and  one  that  is  gradually  becoming  one  of  our 
own  Canadian  types  of  domestic  architecture. 
Strictly  speaking,  the  bungalow  is  a  one-story 
building,  but  the  term  is  in  general  use  as  ap- 
plied to  our  adaptation  to  the  two  story  dwell- 
ing. 

In  the  home  illustrated,  the  lower  walls  are  of 
))aving  blocks  of  a  rich  dark  red  coloring,  show- 
ing a  4  in.  x  8J/2  in  face,  with  wide,  black  mortar 


joint;  these  are  backed  with  4  in.  hollow  tile;  the 
ui)per  walls  are  of  plaster  on  8  in.  tile.  This 
heavy  brick  is  in  harmony  with  the  heavy  beams, 
and  the  whole  forms  a  splendid  background  for 
the  roses,  which  are  the  predominating  features 
in  the  garden.  Incidentally,  instead  of  the  usual 
cement  driveway  to  the  garage,  two  narrow 
trenches  were  dug  and  filled  with  cinders,  well 
rammed  down,  forming  tracks  for  the  car  but 
being  more  or  lesis  overgrown  by  the  grass ;  with 
the  shrubbery  on  each  side,  the  eiTect  is  that  of 
a  country  lane. 

The  illustration  loses  somewhat  of  the  effect 
of  the  very  wide,  deep  verandah,  owing  to  the 
l)resence  of  the  storm  sash.  The  front  door 
])roper,  also,  is  not  in  view,  and  is  constructed  of 
heavy  planks,  bolted  together  with  wide  iron 


BEUKUOM^    LAWRENCE    PAKK    BUNGALOW. 


LIVINO    ROOM,    LAWREN'CE    PARK    BINOALOW. 


193 


194 


CONSTRUCTION 


bauds  and  id'ovidcd  with  liaiinucrcil  iron  iviiock- 
or;  liiis  last  operates  an  electric  bell. 

At  tlie  front,  and  to  the  left  of  the  veraiitbili,  is 
a  small  studio,  liaok  of  the  verandah  and  studio, 
a  livin;,'  room  of  j;enerous  proportions  extends 
the  full  widtli  of  tiie  l)uildiuj>',  the  main  stairway 
beinf?  at  one  end  and  a  most  attractive  injileiinok 
at  tlie  other,  a  very  invitiufi;  spot  for  tlie  "tired 
business  man."  To  nuike  it  more  c()mrortiU)le, 
the  seat  ends  drop  down  and  outwanls  so  thai 
one  nmy  recline  as  in  a  .steamer  chair.  The  space 
uncU'r  one  seat  is  utilized  for  fuel,  whicli  is  plac- 
ed there  from  outdoors,  instead  of  beintj:  carried 
througli  the  room.  At  each  sitle  of  the  brick 
fireplace  is  a  cabinet  witli  wood  doors,  where 
majjjazines  and  other  more  or  less  unsij^htly  ar 
tides  may  be  conveniently  placed. 

The  ground  floor  plan  is  somewliat  radical ; 


the  dininj.;;  loom  is  back  of  a  portion  of  the  living 
room  hut  with  not  even  an  ai'cli,  iiuich  lesw  a  par- 
tition. The  dividing  line  is  roniicd  by  a  heavy 
beam  at  the  ceiling,  tiie  (•elliiii;^  themselves 
showing  the  Joists,  not  false  beams.  These 
joists  arc  soli;!  timbers,  4  in.  in  width,  and  i)las 
tercd  hctwecn.  Kgyptian  clotli  pin-ricir-^  are 
(iiawn  between  the  two  rooms  for  pi'ivacy.  lint 
the  effect  is  tliat  of  unusual  spaciousness  and  is 
ideal  fur  entertaining  pui'poses.  Two  paii's  of 
leaded  glass  doors  lead  from  the  living  room  to 
the  verandah,  the  floor  of  the  latter  heing  of 
liai'dwood  on  the  same  level  as  the  rooms.  With 
these  open,  the  verandah,  li\ing  room  and  dining 
room  pi'ovide  a  space  foi'  dancing  not  eiiualled  in 
nian>-  lioinc^  that  are  of  niuch  greater  size. 
Tlie  kitclien  is  desi^-ned  on  the  most  modern 


sanitary    |)rinciples, 


RESIDENCE,  T.    H.    PRESTON,   BRANTFORD. 


LLOYD  D.   BARBER.  ARCHITECT. 


similar  to  the  operating 
loom  of  a  hospital,  elimi 
nating  all  corners  and 
nearly  all  woodwork;  the 
floor  is  so  constructed  that 
a  hose  could  be  played  into 
the  room  without  damage, 
t^^pstairs,  one  is  sur- 
piised  at  the  space  ob- 
tained. The  rooms  are 
I  a  r  g  e  ,  (•omi>i'ising  f  o  u  r 
l)e:lroonis,  two  lieiiig  suites 
of  (1  r  e  s  s  i  n  g  room  and 
slee])ing  poi'cli;  al-o  small 
store  room,  two  bath- 
rooms, and  large  linen 
ari(]  clothes  closets.  Be- 
tween each  dressing  room 
and  sleeping  porch  is  a 
sliding  partition,  similar 
in  action  to  the  ordinary 
sliding  door  but  with  a 
small  liinged  door  attach- 


SECOND   FLOOR   PLAN. 


FIRST  FLOOR  PLAN. 


CONSTRUCTION 


195 


UVINO   ROOM,   LOOKING   TOWARD    HALL   AND   LIBRARY,    T.    H.    PRESTON    RESIDENCE. 


ed.  With  the  "sliding  partition"  pushed  back 
into  tlie  pocket,  the  etfect  is  simply  that  of 
an  arch.  When  drawn  out  to  separate  the  sleep- 
ing porch  from  the  dressing-  room,  the  hinged 
door  gives  passageway.  One  of  the  illustrations 
shows  the  partition  partly  drawn.  On  a  cold 
night,  a  "fresh  air  crank"  may  have  all  the  air 
he  requires  without  chilling  the  dressing  room. 

While  no  claim  is  made  of  this  dressing  room 
being  carried  out  in  period  design,  some  of  the 
enrichments  and  fittings  are  suggestive  of  a 
Louis  XVr  motif,  an  unusual  treatment  in  a 
bungalow  but  very  pleasing. 

This  two  story  home  is  almost  three  stories, 
for  the  basement  contains  a  lai-ge  ])illiard  room, 
maid's  bathroom,  fruit  room,  boiler  room, 
laundry  and  a  fire-])roof  garage.  The  garage  is 
reached  by  an  inclined  driveway  from  the  rear. 
The  billiard  room  is  particularly  interesting,  all 
the  exposed  woodwork  lieing  hewn  and  showing 
the  marks  of  the  adze,  the  ceiling  being  similar 
to  that  at  the  living  room,  but  with  heavier  tim- 
bers and  showing  solid,  hewn  beams.  Exclusive 
of  the  inglenook,  it  is  15  ft.  6  in.  by  21  ft.;  the 
inglonook  has  movable  seats  and  rustic  stone 
fireplace. 

Every  architect  and  many  owners  have  their 
ideal  of  the  perfect  liome.  Tt  is  seldom,  particu- 
larly in  the  smaller  dwelling,  that  one  has  an 
opportunity  of  carrying  out  all  these  ideals ;  it  is 
not  often  the  architect  has  an  opportunity  of 
working  in  all  his  pet  "ideas"  in  one  building. 
One  important  reason  is  that  many  such  ideas 
are  very  radical  and  sometimes  experimental ; 
another  reason  is  the  bugbear  of  "cost,"  assum- 
ing too  large  proj)ortioiis.  Tt  may  be  inadvis- 
able to  include  too  many  "features"  owing  to 


the  possibility  of  selling 
at  sometime  and  not  being 
able  to  realize  on  the  cost 
of  such  items.  However, 
in  this  instance,  an  un- 
usual number  of  special 
features  were  introduced. 
Such  items  as  milk  and 
medicine  cabinets,  clothes 
shoots,  coal  shoots,  built- 
i  n  refrigerators,  book- 
cases and  jewel  safes  are 
in  common  use;  many 
homes  are  provided  with 
stationary  vacuum  clean- 
ers, electrical  stoves  and 
other  devices.  The  ap- 
l)ointments,  in  the  home, 
l)articularly  in  the  service 
jmrtion,  should  be  such  as 
to  reduce  housework  to  a 
minimum,  as  in  a  well- 
equipped  factory.  But 
such  things  as  ideally  sani- 
tary kitchens,  specially 
devised  dumb  waiters  for  serving  light  refresh- 
ments, china  cabinets  so  arranged  as  to  provide 
an  aperture  through  which  the  dining  table  may 
be  pushed  into  the  ])antry  without  removing  any 
dishes  — these  are  more  unusual  conveniences, 
as  are  also  secret  cabinets  for  various  uses. 
These  and  many  other  contrivances  both  for 
comfort  and  minimizing  housework  have  been 
provided  in  this  comparatively  small  bungalow. 


STAIR    HALL,   T.    H.    PRESTON,    RESIDENCE. 


Recent  Houses  in   Montreal  and  Westmount 

The  Worl,  of  Turner  £■  dirlrss,  F.ILlJl.A..  Arrliihcls. 


RESIDENCE    OF    IRVINO    P.     HEXFORI),     MONTROSE     AVENUE,     WESTMOUNT.       TURNER  &  CARLESS,  ARCHITECTS. 


VIEW    OF    LIVING    K(MIM,    I.    P.    REXFORD    RESIDENCE. 


ri^Il  K         r  ()   II    r         CXillllplc- 

J_  that  have  liccii  select 
ed  to  illusti'ate  this  article 
hax'c  hceii  chosen  to  repre- 
sent distinctly  ditTerent 
types  of  design  wliicli  an 
a  reinfect  may  he  called 
upon  to  cany  out  at  one 
and  t  lie  -aine  \  ime,  Tiirec 
oi'  them  are  typical  of  the 
hetter  c  I  a  s  s  lion-e.  ol 
wliicli  many  ,l;imii1  examples 
ai'e  to  be  found  in  W'cst- 
nionnt,  on  the  upi)er  levels 
o  f  t  li  e  mountain,  and 
which  lias  become  the 
popuhir  residential  <lis- 
tric  for  Montreal  bn-ines> 
men.  The  other  house,  on 
Ohomedy  street,  is  a  tyi)0 
of  the  larger  town  house 
in  Montreal,  w  li  e  re  t  h  c 
"flat  hopi)er"  I'oof  still 
finds  favor,  tiiis  being  duo 
principally  to  the  fact  that 
tile  daiigei'  fi'om  icicles 
and  iieaxy  >now  of  .Mont- 
real renders  the  ))itcli  roof 
in  .street  architecture  ob- 
jectionable, and  even 
dangei"OUS,  to  pedestrians. 

For  the  same  reasons  of  climate  it  will  be 
noticed  that  the  i)itcli  roof  in  the  M<mtreal  dis- 
trict lias  to  be  kept  very  sim])le  in  character,  so 
as  to  avoid  any  "jiockets"  being  formed  for  the 
accumulation  of  snow  and  ice. 

This  imi)ortant  factor,  which  governs  design 
in  construction,  is  not  alwaw  api)reciated  by 
the  amateur  critic,  who  compliains  that  the  roofs 
of  the  better  class  residences  lack  the  delightful 
picturestjueness  of  similar  domestic  work  in 
England,  or  of  countries  which  enjoy  a  milder 
climate  than  our  own.  One  has  to  realize  that 
anything  on  a  roof  that  tends  to  obstruct  the 
sliding  of  snow,  is  bound  to  give  trouble  in  the 
future,  and  for  this  reason  — in  the  Montreal 
district  at  any  rate— twin  gablets  to  dormer  win- 
dows, dormer  windows  or  chimneys  placed  close 
to  valleys,  and  other  picture-sque  features,  have 
to  be  avoided  altogether  in  the  making  up  of  a 
design  if  the  final  result  is  to  be  satisfactory. 

With  houses  in  the  Montreal  district  also,  the 
many  interesting  effects  that  can  be  obtained  by 
forming  oriel  wincjows  on  the  upper  floors,  of 
portions  of  walls  projecting  over  those  below, 
or  of  rooms  ovpr  open  porches  or  galleries,  are 
to  be  avoided  as  a  rule,  as  it  is  difficult,  unless 


196 


CONSTRUCTION 


197 


expensive  precautions  are  taken,  to  keep  such 
projecting'  floors  warm  in  the  cold  of  the  long 
winter  months. 


FIRST   FLOOR   PLAN. 


The  four  liouse.s  illustrated,  whilst  distinctly 
different  in  character,  have  many  points  in  com- 
mon as  regards  the  specification. 

They  were  all  built  in 
1914-15,  the  masonry  and 
carpenter  trades  being 
carried  out  by  the  same 
builder,  who  obtained  the 
contracts  in  open  competi- 
tion. 

The  regulations  govern- 
ing the  erection  and  de- 
sign of  houses  in  West- 
mount  are  now  very  strict, 
and  rightly  so,  as  the 
natural  beauties  of  the 
district  —with  the  heights 
of  Mount  Royal  as  the 
always  outstanding  centre 
of  attraction— c a  11  for 
only  the  best  work,  and  in 
consequence  they  should 
be  kept  free  of  the  cheap 
house  of  the  speculative 
contractor. 

An  architectural  com- 
mission,  consisting  of 
well-known  members  o  f 
the  Province  of  Quebec 
Architects '  Association, 
has  been  recently  appoint- 
ed by  the  Westmount  City 
Council,  and  in  future  no 
building  can  be  erected  in 
the  city  without  the  ap- 
proval of  this  commission. 
The  C  h  o  m  e  d  y  street 
house,  at  the  corner  of 
o  m  t  e  street,  occupies 
practically  I  li  e  whole 
available  building  area, 
and  is  seventy-three  feet 
ong,  with  a  width  of 
twenty-seven  feet. 

The  facing  brick  is  the 
"White  Eock,"  buff  in 
color,  and  is  laid  with  a 
fine  joint. 

Relief  is  given  to 
the  elevation  by  fonn- 
ing  panels  by  reces- 
sing the  bricks  one- 
half  inch  back  from 
the  face. 

The  base  of  the 
building  is  of  local 
Montreal  limestone 
h  u  s  h  h  a  m  m  e  r  e  d 
on  fa«e;  the  stone  fac- 
ings and  string  courses 
SECOND  FLOOR  PLAN.  ^'"^  0^  Rofflan  artificial 


198 


CONSTRUCTION 


SIDE   VIEW    ENTRANCE   PORCH,   I.    P.    REXFORD   RESIDENCE. 

stone,  with  the  haleoiiy  and  brackets  sui)i>orting 
same  of  Indian  limestone.  Interest  is  given  to 
the  end  of  the  building  by  the  formation  of  a 
Belvidere  on  the  second  floor. 

The  plans  show  a  maximum  of  accommodation 
for  the  amount  of  space  occupied  ])y  the  build- 
ing, as  eleven  bedrooms  were  required,  and 
twenty  cupboards  are  pi-ovided  on  the  two 
upper  floors.  Attention  might  be  drawn  to  the 
fact  that  the  three  maids'  rooms,  witli  bath- 
room, on  the  top  floor,  are  en  suite,  and  are  ap- 
})roa<'h(>d  by  the  back  stairs,  with  a  dividing 
door  to  the  main  passage.  An  interest  is  given 
to  the  entrance  hall  by  planning  it  oval  in  form, 
and  ill  the  basement  is  a  full  size  billiard  room 
with  lavatory  and  staircase  from  the  main  hall. 
This  portion  of  the  basement  has  no  connection 
with  that  under  tlie  rest  of  the  house  where  ac- 
commodation is  made  for  the  heating  apparatus, 
laundry,  cool  room,  etc.  The  domestic  hot  water 
is  supplied  by  means  of  an  automatic  gas  water 
heater. 

The  house  at  4,295  ^Montrose  avenue  has  a 
wonderful  commanding  view  over  the  .city  and 
surrounding  country,  and  has  a  southern  aspect. 

The  brickwork  is  formed  with  first  (juality 
10(1  Lai)rairie  pressed  bricks,  laid  with  a  thin 
joint,  with  rustications  of  tliree-(iuarter-iiich 
projtH-tions.  The  principal  feature  of  the  ele- 
vation is  the  large  flat  segmental  bay  window 
carried  up  the  whole  height  of  the  building  in 


stone.  The  rough  sand  finish  to  the  cement 
cove  gives  the  projection  to  the  eiives  cornice 
that  is  required  at  this  point.  The  front  gable 
is  treated  with  rougli-cast  on  tlie  face,  thus  re- 
moving any  effect  of  heaviness  that  might 
otherwise  appear  here.  The  roof  is  covered 
with  unfading  American  green  slates,  having 
copi)er  ridge  curbs  and  a  pitoh  and  gravel  hop- 
per-shape flat  on  top.  The  living-room  on  the 
fii-st  floor  is  tlie  jii-incipal  a})artraenit  in  the  house 
and  occuiiies  with  the  balctmy  over  the  entrance 
the  whole  of  the  front  of  the  building,  the  view 
from  the  windows  being  one  of  the  best  in  the 
city.  It  i«  intende<l  at  a  later  date  to  finish  the 
balcony  as  a  flower  nxmi,  when  the  effect  of 
this  room  with  the  double  glass  doors  looking 
to  the  conservatory  will  be  very  attractive.  The 
woodwork  of  the  house  throughout,  with  the 
exception  of  the  bathrooms,  is  all  .stained  na- 
tural \<'0()d  finish,  jjrincipally  of  chestnut,  with 
birch  finished  mahogany  in  the  dining-room. 
Throughout  the  interior  of  the  house  attention 
has  been  given  to  the  avoidance  of  moldings, 
exce{)t  those  of  a  very  simple  design ;  the  wood 
bases  throughout  are  mortised  into  a  wood  cove 
against  the  floors,  so  that  anything  in  the  nature 
of  dust  traps  may  J>e  reduced  to  a  minimum. 
The  floors  are  of  j)Iain  white  oak,  excei)t  those 


AIAMliL    l.N    DliAWlNlj    KUOW,    1.    P.    REXFORD    RESIDENCE. 


CONSTRUCTION 


199 


in  the  bathrooms,  which  are  tiled, 
chen  floor,  where  a  buff  marbleoid 
flooring  material  has  been  laid. 


and  the  kit- 
oomposition 


/■/V/a4,«rl 


FIRST  rLOOR  PI<AN. 


Instead  of  the  more  usual  twin-connected 
boilers  of  a  capacity  to  heat  the  house  together, 
the  heating  apparatus  in  this  house  consists  of 
a  No.  7  and  No.  5  furnace 
with  twin  connections,  but 
so  arranged  that  it  is 
never  refpiired  to  have  the 
two  boilers  alight  at  the 
same  time;  the  idea  of 
this  arangement  being 
that  the  larger  one  should 
be  used  in  the  coldest 
weather  and  the  smaller  in 
the  fall  and  late  spring. 
Besides  the  accommoda- 
tion shown  on  the  plans, 
provision  is  made  on  the 
second  floor,  which  is  en- 
tirely in  the  roof,  for  three 
bedrooms  and  bathroom, 
large  cedar  cupboard  and 
trunk  room  space.  The 
basement  has  a  large  bil- 
liard room  and  the  other 
usual  accessories. 

The    residence    at    64(5 
Carleton  avenue  is  a  good 
example    of    first-class 
brick-work,     having    been 
carried  out  by  Scotch  ma- 
sons, and  will  bear  inspec- 
tion   as    to    the 
correctness      o  f 
the     horizontal 
and     vertical 
joints    and    also 
the    bond.      In 
contrast    to    the 
house    on     Cho- 
medy      street, 
which   is   also   a 
good    piece    of 
w  o  r  k  m  anship, 
the  jointing   of 
the  Carleton  ave- 
nue house  is  kept 
wide  with  a  dark 
grey    and   raked 
out  joint. 

The  brick  is 
light  brown  in 
color,  slightly 
varying  in  shade, 
and  is  known  as 
the  "Upper  Kit- 
taning."  It  is 
an  iron  clay,  fire 
flashed  brick 
from  Ohio, 
U.S.A.  The  base 

SECOND  FUK)R  Pl,AN.  01       1116        U  U  1  1  Q  - 


200 


CONSTRUCTION 


DINING   ROOM,   646   CARLETON   AVENUE,  WESTMOUNT. 

ing  is  of  Montreal  limestone  laid  in  "Scotch 
work"  with  a  rock-face  finish.  The  elevations, 
whilst  simple  in  character,  have  ])oints  of  in- 
terest in  the  projecting  balcony  over  the  en- 
trance and  in  the  overhang  of  the  first  floor  on 
tlie  north  sido  of  the  house.  The  residence  is 
built  on  a  lot  fifty  feet  in  width,  and  as  no  pro- 
jections are  allowed  to  encroach  nearer  than 
seven  feet  to  the  side  boundary,  the  face  of  the 
balcony  and  the  projection  of  the  north  wall 


VIKW    IN    MVlNi;    RIKJM,   646  fAHLKTON    AVENUE,   WESTMOUNT. 


rej)resent  a  total  width  of 
thirty-six  feet.  The  hall 
iind  i)rincipal  rooms  of  the 
house  are  finislied  in  red 
unimwood  stained  a  walnut 
color,  with  a  dull  wax  fin- 
ish. The  staircase  is  of  an 
unusual  but  interesting 
type,  being  enclosed  to  a 
height  of  seven  feet  with 
o])en  balustrade  above  the 
panelling.  An  attractive 
vista  is  to  be  obtained 
from  the  large  living  room 
thi'ough  the  glass  doors  of 
the  hall  and  dining-room 
into  the  sun-room  beyond, 
(lood  taste  has  been  shown 
l)y  the  owner  in  the  fur- 
nishing of  the  house,  as  is 
indicated  by  the  photo- 
granli  of  the  dining-room. 
The  furniture  here  was 
specially  made  for  the 
owner  of  this  refined 
home.  The  roof  space  contains  two  large  bed- 
rooms with  bathroom,  and  a  1)111  i'ard  room  is 
))rovided  in  the  basement. 

The  house  adjoining,  No.  644,  is  faced  on  all 
four  sides  with  stone  from  New  Brunswick. 
This  is  a  sandstone  and  light  olive  in  color.  The 
face  of  the  stone  is  a  rock  finish  laid  as  "Scotch 
work,"  with  dressed  stone  to  the  window,  door 
openings  and  (|Uoins. 

The  nature  of  the  material  calls  for  a  severe 
and  simple  treatment,  the 
color  of  the  stone,  which 
improves  with  age,  givng 
the  elevations  a  pleasing 
and  restful  effect. 

Both  of  the  houses  on 
C  a  r  I  e  t  o  n  avenue  have 
green  slate  roofs  with  cop- 
l)er  for  the  metal  work. 

The  four  houses  are  of 
the  best  construction 
throughout,  with  steel  col- 
umns and  beams  carrying 
the  ground  and  first  floor. 
The  outside  walls  are  all 
covered  with  furring 
strips  to  form  an  air 
s))ace,  back  plastered  and 
covered  with  waterproof 
paper  on  the  inside  before 
being  lathed  and  plastered. 
The  windows  are  ar- 
ranged with  deep  weather 
rails  at  the  sills  to  allow 
for  ventilation,  without 
drausrhts.  at  the  horizontal 


CONSTRUCTION 


201 


RESIDENCE,   CHOMEDT    STREET,    MONTREAL,    FOR    F.    C.    SKELTON. 

meeting  rails,  when  the  sashes  are  opened  for 
a  height  of  two  inches  or  so.  Brass  weather 
stripping  is  supplied  to  all  door  and  window 
openings. 

The  total  cost  of  the  houses  amounted  to  the 
following  per  cubic  foot :    Chomedy  sitreet  house 


TI'RNER  &   TARLESS,  AP.OnlTECTS. 

and  646  Carleton  avenue,  27  cents;  Montrose 

avenue,  26  cents;  644  Carleton  avenue,  .30  cents. 
— «  ♦  ■ — 
Professor  G.  Baldwin  Brown  recently  lectur- 
ed on  "The  Monumental  Art  of  Ancient  Egypt" 
at  a  meeting  of  the  Glasgow  Branch  of  the  Egyp- 
tian Eesearch  Students'  Association  at  Glasgow 


FIRST  FUXJR   PLAN. 


SECOND  FLOOR  PLAN. 


THIRD    FLOOR   PLAN. 


202 


CONSTRUCTION 


MANTEL  IN    DRAWING   ROOM,    RESIDENCE,   CHOMEDY    STREET,    MONTREAL. 

rniversity.  He  said  that  the  structures  of  the 
old  Emi)ire  were  in  the  best  sense  monumental 
throu<?h  their  severity  of  treatment  as  much  as 
by  their  actual  prodigious  size.  On  the  other 
hand,  the  temples  of  the  new  Empire  were  huge 
in  bulk,  but  failed  to  produce  the  same  aesthetic 
effect  as  the  impressionable  works  of  the  old 
Empire,  while  on  the  other  side  human  reason 
had  permeated  them  in  every  part  and  by  its 
complete  mastery  of  them  liJid  stam))ed  them 
with  the  imi)ress  of  style. 


A  BRANTFORD 
HOME 

rpilK  residence  of  T.  il. 
J_  Preston,  iirautford, 
is  built  ou  one  of  the  finest 
<'orner  lots  of  the  city  of 
iirantford,  and  having  two 
important  streets  to  face, 
a  certain  amoniil  of  care 
had  to  be  taken  in  the 
treatment  to  obtain  a  de- 
sired effect. 

The  whole  desire  of  the 
owner  has  been  to  build  a 
c()mfortal)l((  home,  and 
sni-ely  the  plan  suggests 
this  above  any  other  qual- 
ity. The  lines  are  simple 
and  the  whole  suggests  an 
absence  of  waste  or  fussi- 
ness. 

The   brick   used    is   the 
dark     reds     and     browns, 
rough  faced,  suggesting 
tapestry    and   tliis    effect 
ctfcct  has  been  carried  out 
with  flush  J)  an  els  in  the 
brickwork.     The    bricks 
wcie  laid  up  with  a  wide, 
well  raked  out  joints.  The 
stone  used   throughout  is 
Ohio  sandstone.    The  plan  includes  an  entrance 
vestibule  finished  witli  high   ])anelling  in  ma- 
hogany;  a    reception    hall,    and    to    the    right 
a  library,  finished  in  mahogany,  to  tlie  left  a 
bright  living  room  in  tpiarter-cut  oak,  and  at  the 
rear  of  this  the  dining  room,  separated  with 
double  sliding  doors.    From  the  dining  room  is 
easy  acces.s  to  the  side  verandah,  which,  being 
kept  in  brick  work,  includes  a  sleei)ing  porch 
over. 

The  kitchen  and  servery  are  fitted  with  every 
convenience  possible. 

The  bedrooms  of  the  second  floor  are  all  large 
and,  with  convenient  closets  and  baths,  are  all 
that  can  be  desired. 

The  residence  was  designed  by  and  the  work 
carried  out  under  the  sujiervision  of  Lloyd  D. 
Barber,  architect,  Brantford,  Out. 


KNTUANTK    llALI.,  I'HOMKIIV    STRKET   RESlnKXCK. 


AN  APPRECTATIOX  OF  SAM  MACLIJRE. 

"Among  the  many  architects  in  Canada 
whose  works  have  an  artistic  and  old-world  re- 
finement, and  whose  personality  belongs  to  the 
imaginative  i)ainter  rather  than  the  practical 
and  mathematical  arehitect,  is  Sam  Maclure,  of 
Victoria. 

"While  Sam  Maclure  says  that  be  has  'yet  to 
do  what  he  considers  a  good  house,'  and  because 
of  a  fire  that  destroyed  the  building  that  had 


CONSTRUCTION 


203 


RESIDENCE,    MISS   ELLIOT,    646    CARLETON    AVENTE,   WESTMOUNT. 


TURNER   &   CARLESS,  ARCHITECTS. 


housed  his  otllee  for  twenty 
years,  the  exhibit  of  his 
work  is  more  incomplete 
than  could  be  wished,  all 
plans  being  destroyed. 

"Yet  that  refinement  of 
detail,  that  attention  to 
proportion  and  considera- 
tion of  purpose  and  loca- 
tion that  makes  for  inter- 
esting architectural  design 
is  most  noticeable  in  the 
works  of  Maclure,  and 
nowhere  more  evident  or 
pleasing  than  in  the 
'simple  little  slab  shan- 
ties,' as  he  calls  them, 
built  in  the  wilds  of  Brit- 
ish Columbia.  Should  the 
'fortunes  of  war,'  as  with 
so  many  Canadian  practi- 
tioners, compel  him  to  re- 
move across  the  line,  his 
talents  would  be  a  dis- 
tinct addition  to  the  pro- 
fession in  this  country,  as 
they  would  be  a  loss  to  the 
Dominion  of  Canada."— 
"Western  Architect." 


1 

1  /rxr^  1 

1             1 



SECOND  FLOOR   PLAN. 


h'lR.ST   FLOOR    PLAN. 


2(M 


CONSTRUCTION 


CONSTRUCTION 


205 


A-  X)URNAL-  PORTHE  •  ARGHTTECTURAL 

BNCaNEERJNG   AND  •  OONTRACTINC; 

IKTERESTS  •  OF    CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER.  LIMITED,  PUBLISHERS 

WESTON  WRIGLEY.  GENERAL  MANAGER 
Comer  Richmond  and  Sheppard  Streets 

Toronto  -  -   ,      Canada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 

MONTREAL— 171  St.  Jam«>  Street 

K.    R.    Milling,    Representative. 
NEW   YORK— 10  East  43rd  Street 

A.    R.    Lowe,    Representative 


CORRESPONDENCE.— All  correspondence  should  be  addressed 
to  "CONSTRUCTION,"  Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard 
Streets,  Toronto,  Canada. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS.— Canada  and  Great  Britain,  $3.00  per  annum. 
tTnited  States,  the  Continent  and  all  Postal  Union  countries, 
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ADVERTISEMENTS.— Changes  of,  or  new  advertisements  must 
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Entered  as  Second  Class  Matter  in  the  Post  Office  at  Toronto, 
Canada. 


FRASKR  S.  KEITH     - 


EDITOR  AND   MANAGER 


Vol.  IX         Toronto,  June,  1916         No.  6 

A  NATION'S  OPPORTUNITY 

Opportunity  is  knocking  at  Canada's  doors 
with  a  loud,  insistent  rap.  An  epoch  in  Can- 
ada's development  is  pending.  Are  we  going  to 
heed  the  call,  that  comes  with  no  uncertain 
sound,  and  measure  up  to  a  standard  in  keeping 
with  the  resources  with  which  we  are  lavishly 
endowed,  or  are  we  going  to  drift  along  and 
lose  for  all  time  the  chance  that  beckons !  While 
the  seriousness  of  the  grim  struggle  in  which 
we  are  engaged  and  in  which  our  heroes  are 
giving  up  their  lives,  grows  more  impressive 
each  day,  and  which  will  call  for  still  greater 
sacrifices  in  men  and  money,  we  have  another 
role  to  play.  The  future  must  he  faced.  Solv- 
ing the  problem  of  the  i)art  Canada  is  to  take 
as  her  sliare  in  rehabilitating  the  wa.s'te  of  war 
and  in  engaging  in  world  commerce,  involves  the 
economic  and  industrial  welfare  of  the  Do- 
minion and  represents  the  greatest  opportunity 
ever  presented  to  any  nation.  Tt  demands  an 
efficient  national  organization  directed  by  the 
best  intelligence  that  our  manufacturing,  busi- 
ness, professional  and  civic  bodies  can  i)rdduce. 


The  bugle  call  of  mobilization  towards  this 
end  has  been  sounded  by  Sir  Geo.  E.  Foster, 
who  proposes  a  convention  of  the  business  men 
of  Canada  to  be  held  during  the  coming  Autumn 
with  the  object  of  arriving  at  a  practical  line  of 
procedure.     Just  as  national  history  is  being 
made  by  our  men  on  the  battle  fields  of  Europe, 
80  our  future  national  welfare  lies  in  the  policy 
and  its  efficiency  adopted  at  this  time.      In  his 
appeal    for   concerted   action   which    calls    for 
devising  means  of  bringing  about  commercial 
preparedness   on   the    part    of  the    Boards   of 
Trade,    the    Manufacturers'   Association,    the 
great    transport    corporations,    the    bodies  of 
scientific  and  industrial  research,  the  engineer- 
ing associations,  the  labor  bodies,  the  mining, 
fishing,   lumbering   and   agricultural   interests, 
the    banking     institutions    and    generally    of 
all    men    of    knowledge    and    experience,    the 
Minister  of  Trade  and  Commerce  asks:     Will 
our   steel    indu.stry,   our  textile   industry,   and 
all    our   great    industries,   our    transport    cor- 
lx)rations,  our  banking  people,  our  agricultural 
and  lumber  and  fishing  and  mining  interests, 
our  engineering,  chemical  and  scientific  research 
associations— in  a  word,  all  our  lines  of  produc- 
tion, natural  and  industrial,  our  labor  associa- 
tions, and  our  educational  institutions  take  up 
and  canvass  and  work  out  their  ideas  along  the 
line  of  this'question?    And  to  do  this  effectively, 
will  each  one  of  these  interests  in  this  time  of 
great  national  need,  take  the  trouble  to  get  to- 
gether a  select  number  of  their  best  and  bright- 
est   representatives,    who    will    make    it    their 
business  to  conduct  a  thorough  examination  and 
be  ready  to  counsel  and  advise  their  Canadian 
co-workers?     And  then,  will  they  be  prepared 
after  such  examination  and  thought  to  meet  in 
the  pro]x>sed  convention,  ripe  in  well-based  con- 
clusions, fertile  in  well  considered  plans,  and 
ready  for  co-operation  each  with  every  other 
in  one  united,  intelligent  systematized  national 
effort  to  increase  production  and  capture  our 
share  of  home  and  foreign  markets? 

Sir  Geo.  Foster  has  sounded  a  note  of 
momentous  import.  Tt  is  uu  to  the  men  of  Can- 
ada to  appreciate  its  significance  and  respond. 


FRANK  DARLING,  LL.D. 

In  honoring  Mr.  Frank  Darling  by  bestow- 
ing the  honorary  degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws  at 
the  recent  convocation,  the  Univer.sity  of  To- 
ronto paid  tribute,  not  alone  to  the  eminent 
architect,  but  to  the  high  position  he  occupies 
in  the  country  as  a  public  spirited  man.  Mr. 
Darling's  work  as  a  leader  in  the  movement  to 
secure  adequate  pensions  for  soldiers  and  their 
dependents  bears  evidence  of  a  keenly  sym- 
])athetie  mind  with  the  ability  to  take  part  in 
national  affairs  and  the  will  to  spend  time  and 
energy  for  the  welfare  of  others. 


Architectural  Digest 

Articles  of  More  Than   Passing  Interest  From  Our  Contemporaries 


THE   SELECTION   OF   A   HEATING   SYSTEM    FOR   A   HOUSE. 

Hy  Charles  U.  Hublmrd. 

The  followliiK  arlUle  takes  up  brieHy  the  various  methods  of 
lieatlnK  In  coininoii  use,  MhowfiiK  the  advantages  and  dlsad- 
viintHKi-s  of  .•H.h  when  applUd  to  different  types  of  buildings, 
and  how  to  overcome  the  illsudvantages  to  the  greatest  extent. 
The  ohjeit  Is  to  asHlBt  the  arihlleet  In  selecting  a  system,  or  a 
combination,  which  will  btj^t  meet  the  requirements  In  any  given 
case,  taking  Into  account  llrst  cost,  convenience  and  economy  of 

"' Dwelling  houses  may  be  satisfactorily  heated  by  warm  air, 
steam  or  hot  water,  provided  the  systems  are  properly  designed 
and  adapted  to  the  size,  location  and  special  re<iulremeiits  of  a 
Klven  bulldinK.  ,     ,  , 

Kor  houses  of  six  to  eight  rooms  the  wiirin  air  furnace  may  be 
made  to  give  very  satisfactory  results  and  possesses  a  number  of 
decided  advantages  over  steam  and  hot  water.  The  hrst  cost  Is 
considerably  less,  it  Is  simple  to  operate,  and  all  parts  are  easily 
accessible  in  case  of  repairs.  A  furnace  system  warms  up  the 
rooms  iiuickly,  as  the  heat  passes  through  the  pipes  and  registers 
as  soon  as  generated  and  continues  to  tlow  into  the  rooms  as 
long  as  the  lire  is  n\aintalned.  Steam  and  water  both  require 
a  longer  lime  for  bealliiK  up.  especially  the  latter,  where  a  large 
volume  of  water  must  be  warmed  through  a  considerable  range  of 
temperature  before  an  appreciable  amount  of  heat  Is  given  oft 
by  the  radiators. 

While  a  steam  system  Is  quicker  in  action  than  water,  the 
radiators  cool  oft  as  soon  as  the  pressure  drops,  unless  equipped 
with  vacuum  air  valves,  and  practically  no  heat  is  furnished  to 
the  rooms  The  effect  of  a  low  tire  In  the  case  of  a  water 
system  Is  similar  to  that  with  a  furnace — a  reduced  quantity  of 
heat  being  furnished;  but  It  does  not  respond  so  quickly  to 
changes  in  draft  as  the  latter,  owing  to  the  larger  body  of  water 
to  be  heated  or  cooled.  .\  furnace  system  Is  especially  adapted 
to  cases  where  it  Is  desired  to  close  certain  rooms  or  the  entire 
house  during  the  winter,  since  there  Is  nothing  to  freeze  when 
the  lire  is  allowed  to  go  out.  With  steam  or  water  the  entire 
system  must  be  drained  when  the  house  Is  closed  and  water 
radiators  nmst  be  kej)t  turned  on  slightly  at  all  times  in  unused 
rooms  In  cold  weather  to  keep  up  sufficient  circulation  to  pre- 
vent freezing.  ,       ,  .     , 

The  objection  sometimes  raised  regarding  the  dryness  of  air 
with  11  furnace  system  may  be  entirely  avoided  by  Installing  a 
furnace  of  sufficient  size  so  that  the  warm  air  may  be  admitted 
to  the  rooms  at  a  moderate  temperature  (about  120  degrees 
maximum)  and  by  keeping  the  evaporating  pan  inside  the  casing 
supplied  with  water. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  the  air  in  a  furnace-heated  house  is  no 
drier  than  when  steam  or  hot  water  isu  sed.  Neither  system 
adds  or  removes  moisture  from  the  air  unless  special  provision 
is  made  for  it.  The  feeling  of  dryness  often  noticed  is  due  to 
overheating  the  air.  thus  causing  any  dust  which  may  have  col- 
lected In  the  pipes  and  registers  to  burn  and  produce  a  slight 
smoke,  which  causes  a  sense  of  dryness  In  the  throat  and  nose. 
This  effect  is  also  Increased  by  overheating,  in  another  way,  as  It 
is  likelv  to  warp  the  plates,  thus  allowing  gases  from  the  fire  to 
mix  with  the  air  before  passing  to  the  rooms.  By  using  a  fur- 
nace of  proper  construction  and  suitable  size,  this  difficulty  may 
l)e  avoided. 

The  two  most  important  objections  to  warm  air  heating,  as 
compared  with  steam  and  water,  are  the  difficulty  of  forcing 
heat  into  certain  rooms  In  windy  weather,  and  the  cost  of  opera- 
tion due  to  the  large  amount  of  cold  outside  air  which  must  be 
warmed  to  the  normal  Inside  temperature  of  70  degrees  before 
any  heat  can  be  stored  for  transmission  to  the  various  rooms 
for  purelv  heating  purposes. 

Hoth  of  these  difficulties  may  be  largely  overcome  and  entlre- 
Iv  ellmlnateri  in  manv  cases  by  the  use  of  return  flues  for  re- 
turning a  part  of  the  air  from  the  house  to  the  furnace  instead 
of  taking  in  the  entire  supply  from  out  of  doors. 

I'nder  ordinary  conditions  the  amount  of  air  taken  in  from 
outside  is  several  times  greater  than  is  required  for  good  ventila- 
tion for  the  average  number  of  occupants,  wjiich  simply  results 
In  a  waste  of  fuel.  When  there  are  high  winds  the  supply  of 
fresh  air  is  still  further  increased  by  in-leakage  around  doors 
and  windows;  or.  if  the  wind  Is  in  certain  directions,  the  in- 
leakage  may  cause  sufficient  pressure  within  the  building  to 
prevent  the  usual  supply  from  entering  through  the  cold  air 
box.  In  either  case  it  will  cut  down  the  heat  supply  In  propor- 
tion to  the  surplus  air.  due  either  to  in-leakage  or  to  cutting  off 
the  normal  tlow  through  the  furnace  casing  and  registers  on  ac- 
count of  the  increase  in  pressure  in  the  rooms  above.  This  ex- 
plains why  certain  rooms  fail  to  heat  properly  in  windy  weather. 
It  may  be  either  dilution  of  the  normal  hot  air  supply  or  an  in- 
crease in  the  cold  air  supply  through  leakage  and  a  correspond- 
ing reduction  in  the  hot  air  supply  due  to  an  increased  back 
pressure  in  the  rooms.  All  of  these  unfavorable  conditions  may 
be  largely  overconie  by  re-circulation  of  air  within  the  building, 
t'nder  normal  conditions  the  fuel  cost  may  be  greatly  re- 
duced by  taking  from  one-half  to  two-thirds  the  air  supply  to 
the  furnace  from  within  the  building,  which  will  still  provide 
sufficient  outside  air  for  good  ventilation.  In  the  case  of  winds, 
the  supply  through  the  cold  air  box  may  be  reduced  and  the  re- 
circulated air  increased  until,  in  the  case  of  high  winds,  the  en- 
tire amount  may  he  taken  from  inside  the  building.  Under  these 
<'ondition.'i  we  are  simplj-  utilizing  fresh  air  which  leaks  into  the 
building,  that  is.  adapting  the  heating  system  to  the  reversal  of 
conditions  in.stead  of  trying  to  work  against  them.  With  both 
outside  and  return  ducts,  the  proportion  of  outside  and  inside  air 
may  be  varied,  as  desired,  by  means  of  a  suitable  mixing  damp- 
er. Details  of  construction  will  depend  upon  local  conditions; 
but.  in  general,  the  return  flue  should  draw  its  supply  from  two 
or  three  separate  rooms,  and  preferably  from  points  near  the 
outer  walls. 

In  the  case  of  small  dwellings,  a  single  return  register  in  the 
front  hall  is  usuall\-  sufficient,  while  in  larger  buildings  one 
may  be  added  in  the  living  room,  and  at  other  points  as  may  he 
Seeded  to  equnlize  the  circulation.     Care  should  be  taken  to  keep 


the  two  supply  ducts  separate  until  a  point  near  the  furnace  Is 
reached,  and  then  the  connection  should  be  such  that  the  out- 
side air  cannot  by  any  chance  blow  Into  the  Inside  duct. 

In  comparing  the  fuel  cost  of  furnace  heating  with  that  of 
direct  steam  and  hot  water,  the  estimate  should  always  he 
made  on  the  assumption  that  the  entire  air  supply  to  the  fur- 
nace iH  to  be  taken  from  the  inside  of  the  building  in  order  to 
place  the  warm  air  system  on  a  conunon  basis  with  the  other 
two  systems. 

Direct  steam  is  not  well  adapted  to  the  heating  of  dwellings 
unless  some  special  provision  Is  made  for  temperature  regula- 
tion. It  Is  evident  that  the  size  of  radiator  for  a  given  room 
must  lie  proportioned  for  the  coldest  weather,  and  with  steam 
a  t  practically  c(mstant  temperature  the  amount  of  heat  given 
off  will  be  practically  the  same  at  all  time,  regardless  of  the  out- 
side tem|)erature.  This  condition  calls  for  a  frequent  closing  and 
opening  of  the  radiator  valves,  or  the  opening  of  windows,  which 
is  usually  undesirable  on  account  of  cold  drafts  and  uneven  tem- 
perature" In  different   parts  of  the  room. 

The  various  vai)or  and  vaccum  systems  upon  the  market  have 
been  designed  to  overconu;  this  difficulty  hy  varying  the  steam 
pressure  within  the  radiator,  and  consequently  Its  temperature. 
These  have  proved  more  or  less  successful,  according  to  their 
design  and  thoroughness  of  construction,  Arrangements  in  which 
the  pressure  in  the  entire  system  is  made  to  vary  are  neces- 
sarily limited  In  their  range,  owing  to  the  difficulty  of  maintain- 
ing a  high  vacuum  In  the  pipes  and  radiators  without  the  use  of 
a  mechanically  operated  pump,  or  other  similar  device,  which  is 
not  usually  desirable  In  connection  with  dwelling  house  work. 

When  the  Joints  are  especially  tight,  sufficient  steam  pres- 
suie  may  be  raised  to  drive  out  the  air  from  the  radiators,  after 
which  the  pressure  may  l>e  allowed  to  fall  to  a  point  consider- 
ably below  that  of  the  atmosphere,  resulting  in  a  corresponding 
lowering  of  the  temperature  of  the  radiating  surface.  The 
length  of  time  between  the  periods  of  forcing  out  the  air  will, 
of  course,  depend  upon  the  tightness  of  the  Joints  and  the  pack- 
ing around  valve  stems.  With  a  well  constructed  system  once  or 
twice  a  day.  say  at  morning  and  night,  when  more  heat  is  re- 
quired, should  prove  sufficient.  An  ordinary  steam  heating 
plant  equipped  with  vacuuin  air  valves  may  be  operated  In  this 
way.  When  Investigating  a  vapor  or  vacuum  system  for  dwell- 
ing house  condition,  its  simplicity  should  be  carefully  consider- 
ed, as  all  work  of  this  kind  should  be  made  as  nearly  automatic 
as  possible,  free  from  adjustments,  and  hot  likely  to  get  out  of 
order. 

A  simple  way  of  obtaining  a  fairly  good  degree  of  regulation 
is  to  devide  each  radiator  into  two  sections,  in  the  proportion 
of  one  to  two.  separating  them  by  a  blind  bushing  which  gives 
in  effect  two  radiators  having  the  appearance  of  one.  Each 
should  be  separately  valved.  having  a  single  connection.  By 
turning  on  the  smaller  section,  one-third  of  the  surface  comes 
Into  use.  while  the  larger  section  gives  two-thirds,  and  both 
sections  three-thirds,  or  the  whole  capacity  of  the  radiator. 
Such  an  arrangement  is  free  from  complications  and  gives  a 
sufflclentlv  wide  range  for  most  conditions. 

Steam  heating  is  especially  adapted  to  buildings  of  large  size 
where  the  horizontal  distances  from  the  furnace  to  the  bases  of 
the  uptake  flues  is  too  great  for  the  successful  operation  of  hot 
air.  Steam  can  be  carried  any  distance,  the  pipes  are  much  more 
easily  installed  than  air  flues,  and.  furthermore,  outside  weather 
conditions  have  no  effect  upon  the  action  of  a  direct  radiator. 

An  advantage  of  steam  over  hot  water  is  the  ability  to  shut 
off  the  radiators  In  closed  rooms  without  danger  of  freezing  In 
extremelv  cold  weather,  and  in  case  it  is  desired  to  close  the 
house  temporarily  in  winter  time,  it  is  a  comparatively  easy 
matter  to  drain  the  water  from  the  boiler  and  return  mains. 

A  disadvantage  of  direct  steam  as  compared  with  hot  air  Is 
the  lack  of  ventilation.  This  may  often  be  gotten  around  satis- 
factorily by  combining  it  with  Indirect  heating.  In  rooms  which 
are  not  crowded,  such  as  stair  halls,  corridors,  etc..  there  is 
usually  sufficient  in-leakage  of  fresh  air  for  the  necessary  ven- 
tilation. This  may  be  taken  as  one  complete  change  of  air  per 
hour  in  buildings  of  average  construction.  Sleeping  rooms  are 
comfortably  heated  by  direct  steam  alone,  as  the  In-leakage 
of  air  is  sufficient  during  the  day  and  ventilation  by  open  win- 
dows at  night  is  commonly  practised  at  the  present  time.  For 
living  rgoms  and  others  where  better  ventilation  is  desired,  in- 
direct stacks  may  be  used. 

The  advantage  of  indirect  steam  over  hot  air  comes  from  the 
fact  that  the  stacks  may  be  placed  at  or  near  the  bases  of  the 
flues  leading  to  the  different  rooms,  thus  doing  away  with  long 
horizontal  ducts  and  avoiding  to  a  large  extent  the  effect  of 
wind   pressure  upon   exposed   rooms. 

Among  the  minor  objections  to  steam  may  be  mentioned  in- 
accessibility of  pipes  In  case  of  repairs,  snapping  or  water  ham- 
mer in  the  pipes,  leakage  of  water  through  a:ir  valves,  unsightly 
appearance  of  direct  radiators  and  pipe  risers,  and  danger  of 
boiler  explosions.  These,  however,  may  be  disposed  of  for  the 
most  part   without  difficulty. 

The  pipe  risers  may  often  be  run  where  they  are  easily 
reached  in  case  of  repairs,  as  In  corners  of  rooms,  behind  doors. 
In  closets,  and  other  locations  where,  if  painted  to  harmonize 
with  the  walls,  they  will  not  prove  unsightly.  When  it  is  neces- 
sary to  conceal  them  completely,  extra  heavy  pipe  should  be  used 
and  all  joints  tested  imder  pressure  before  closing  in.  Risers  in- 
stalled in  this  way  should  last  for  thirty  years  or  more  without 
need  of  repairs. 

Snapping,  or  water  hammer,  after  the  pipes  and  radiators  are 
once  warmed  up.  Is  entirely  unnecessary  in  a  well  designed  sys- 
tem, and  can  always  be  avoided  by  proper  drainage  and  the  use 
of  pipes  of  suitable  size.  It  is  not  Important  for  the  architect 
to  be  familiar  with  the  details  of  construction  necessary  to  ob- 
tain this  result,  but  he  should  thoroughly  understand  that  a 
quietly  working  system  is  possible,  and  insist  upon  securing  it. 
I.,eakage  of  water,  in  any  amount,  through  air  valves.  Is  due 
either  to  improper  drainage  or  to  closing  the  steam  valve  and 
leaving  the  return  valve  open,  thus  allowing  the  water  to  back 
back  into  the  radiator  from  the  boiler.  If  the  difficulty  is  due  to 
poor  drainage,  the  fault  should  be  located  and  corrected.  Troubles 
of  this  kind  may  lie  either  in  the  grading  of  the  radiator  Itself  or 


206 


CONSTRUCTION 


207 


In  thp  Dine  connections.  In  the  case  of  new  systems  it  is  best 
["  us'eZI  one-p?pe  radiator  connection  which  makes  it  im- 
iir.as.ihlp  to  overlooli  the  return  valve.  If  the  trouDie  occuis  iii 
aHld  bunding  e°ruil.ped  with  the  two-pipe  system,  it  will  be 
n2c?ssary  to  remember  aJways  to  close  Iwth  yaWes  w^h«n  shut- 
ting off  a  radiator.  A  slight  dripping  or  spitting  at  the  air 
valve  may  often  be  stopped  by  proper  adjustment.  If  this  does 
no  prove' effective,  a  better  graOe  of  valve  «l>o."'d  be  fmployed 
those  projecting  a  short  distance  into  the  'fdiator  or  provided 
with  a  capillary  strip  are  less  likely  to  give  trouble  in  this  way. 
The  unsightly  appearance  of  direct  radiators  may  be  avoided 
to  a  consldfrable  extent  by  selecting  a  Plal"  Pa"|;;S  SecorSl 
metrical  proportions,  as  regards  length  and  height,  and  decorat- 
ine  it  according  to  the  color  scheme  of  the  room. 

Danger  of  l5)iler  explosion  is  so  slight  as  to  be  practically 
neglilible  The  tvpe  of  castiron  boiled  commonly  used  tor  house 
hlft^ng  has  a  lai^ge  factor  of  safety  for  the  low  pressures  ear- 
ned alid  explosion  is  amply  guarded  agamst  bv^n  automatic 
safety  valve  and  check  damper.  Furthermore  the  construction 
of  most  boilers  is  such  that  a  fracture  is  conhned  to  a  single 
section  and  simply  results  in  the  water  leaking  out  of  the  boiler 
Suitable  care,  however,  should  be  taken  to  see  that  the  safety 
valve  and  automatic  damper  regulator  are  kept  in  good  order 

While  steam  may  be  better  adapted  to  certain  types  of  build- 
ing^ than  either  hot  air  or  hot  water,  the  two  latter  are  the 
L?fndard  systems  of  heating  for  dwelling  houses  Under  ordin- 
Iry  conditions  hot  air  has  the  advantage  in  small  houses  of  six 
to  eight  rooms,  while  direct  hot  water,  supplemented  by  in- 
direct stacks  for  one  or  more  of  the  most  important  rooms,  is 
better  adapted  to  buildings  of  larger  size.  .     .      »u  » 

The  great  advantage  of  hot  water  over  steam  is  in  the  mat- 
ter of  temperature  regulation,  it  being  possible  to  vary  the  tern- 
Denature  of  the  water  circulated  according  to  the  outside  weather 
co^itions,  in  which  way  it  closely  resembles  the  hot  air  system. 
Hot  water  heating  is  better  adapted  to  larger  buildings  than 
furnace  heating,  because  the  action  of  a  radiator  is  not  affected 
bv  its  horizontal  distance  from  the  boiler  or  by  the  strength  and 
action  of  the  winds,  except  as  it  is  necessary  to  offset  the  effects 
of  the  in-leakage  of  cold  air.  which  is  common  to  any  system  of 
heating  \lthough  it  does  not  provide  abundant  ventilation,  n 
has  already  been  shown  that  in  many  rooms  a  sufficient  amount 
of  fresh  air  mav  be  obtained  by  leakage  and  through  open  win- 
dows, and  when  indirect  heating  is  provided  for  the  living  rooni. 
or  other  rooms  requiring  especially  good  ventilation,  it  probably 
makes  the  best  arrangement,  everythnig  considered,  for  build- 
ings of  a  medium  or  large  size.  ,  ,         ■        s 

Mention  has  already  been  made  of  the  danger  of  freezing  in 
extremely  cold  weather.  This  may  be  guarded  against  by  locat- 
ing the  expansion  tank  in  a  warm  room,  close  to  a  chimney  in 
the  attic,  or  bv  the  use  of  circulation  pijies  which  keep  the  water 
constantly  moving  through  the  tank.  AH  radiator  valves  should 
be  provided  with  a  small  hole  ('/»  to  3-16  inch)  drilled  through 
the  gate,  which  will  allow  a  slight  circulation  through  the 
radiator  sufficient  to  prevent  freezing,  even  when  the  valve  is 
closed.  . 

It  is  true  that  hot  water  requires  a  greater  length  of  time 
for  warming  up  than  either  a  furnace  or  steam.  On  the  other 
hand,  the  temperature  of  a  house  heated  with  hot  water  does  not 
fluctuate  so  readily  as  when  either  of  the  other  two  systems  is 
used,  because  the  large  body  of  heated  water  contained  in  the 
system  acts  as  a  regulator  or  "balance  wheel."  The  proper  and 
most  economical  way  is  to  run  as  even  a  fire  as  possible  con- 
tinuously and  not  allow  the  house  to  cool  down  too  much  at 
night.  The  forcing  of  a  flre  for  an  hour  or  two  in  the  morning 
for  warming  up  the  house  takes  practically  as  much  fuel  as  to 
carry  a  moderate  fire  during  the  night,  to  say  nothing  of  the 
added   comfort   secured   by   the  latter   method. 

The  cost  of  installing  a'  hot  water  system  is  somewhat  greater 
than  for  steam,  owing  to  the  larger  amount  of  radiating. surface 
required.  This,  however,  can  be  reduced  by  the  use  of  a  hot 
water  "generator,"  which  makes  it  possible  to  carry  much  high- 
er water  temperatures  than  with  the  open  tank  system.  The 
cost  of  operating  a  hot  water  plant  is  less  than  for  steam,  owing 
to  the  better  regulation  of  temperature,  the  amount  of  saving 
varying  with  the  skill  and  care  exercised  ^n  running  the  boiler. — 
"The  Brickbuilder." 


WHAT    IS    DECORATION? 

What  is  decoration?  Simple  and  all  as  this  question  is,  some 
of  the  best  decorators  of  the  day  would  have  trouble  in  answer- 
ing it  fully  and  satisfactorily. 

Just  because  decoration  n>akes  use  of  pattern  and  design  and 
ornament,  any  of  these  terms  "pattern,"  "design"  or  "orna- 
tnent"  is  not  necessarily  an  adequate  description  of  decoration 
Itself.  There  can  be  "design"  without  decoration,  there  can  be 
"pattern"  without  decoration,  and  likewise  "ornament"  can  ex- 
ist without  decoration  being  present. 

The  dictionary  defines  decoration  as  the  act  of  decorating  or 
adorning  with  something  becoming  or  ornamental;  the  art  of 
adorning,  ornamenting  or  embellishing.  But  this  definition  is  too 
broad — it  does  not  limit  the  quality  of  the  ornament,  the  adorn- 
ing, or  the  embellishing.  Tf  puts  on  the  same  plane  the  design 
applied  by  the  skilled  and  the  unskilled  artisan:  it  embraces  the 
crude  pattern  drawn  by  a  child,  and  the  highly  ornamental  de- 
sign of  a  master. 

Some  better  definition,  then,  will  have  to  be  found  for  the 
term. 

The  early  savage  carved  circles  and  squares  and  triangles 
on  the  handle  of  his  battle  axe.  and  it  was  an  ornamentation  that 
looked  good  to  him  and  that  pleased  him — but  was  it  decoration? 
The  nomad  as  he  wandered  from  spot  to  spot  stopped  for  a 
while  here  and  there  and  wove  rough  fabrics  for  his  body  and 
for  the  floor  of  his  tent.  And  he  put  into  them  geometric  figures, 
made  of  colored  threads,  which  pleased  his  fancy  and  awakened 
the  envy  of  his  friends.  The  woven  fabric  had  a  rough  ele- 
mentary charm  and  a  certain  pleasing  appearance — but  was  the 
pattern  of  it  decoration? 

The  plodding  worker  on  the  banks  of  the  Nile  made  bricks  in 
the  shadow  of  his  tent  and  baked  them  in  the  sun,  and  when 
the  work  of  his  day  was  done  he  scratched  the  history  of  his  life 
and  the  story  of  his  tribe  on  the  tomb  that  covered  his  dead. 
The  writing  he  made  had  a  strange  picturesqueness,  and  it 
savored  both  of  balance  and  of  proportion — but  was  It  decora- 
tion? 

The  early  Egyptian,  the  Greek,  and  the  Roman,  each  in  his 
own  time,  and  each  in  his  own  way.  erected  a  temple  to  his  gods. 
He  placed  the  columns  in  certain  ways  and  ornamented  them 
with  flutlngs  and  caps  of  ex(|uislte  proportion  and  design.  He 
carved  statues  and   friezes   for  the  temple  and   placed  and   ar- 


ranged  them  so  that  the  whole  mass  was  a  unit  of  charm  and 
beauty — and  was  it  decoration?  . 

To  all  these  questions  some  will  answer  "yes.  and  all  will 
answer  "no"  to  others.  But  no  one  will  answer  "no  '  to  all  oi 
them,  or  "yes"  to  all  of  them. 

The  point  is  this;  Decoration  means  a  certain  something  in 
the  order  of  the  universe  which  is  neither  the  ornament  nor  the 
thing  but  a  perfect  blending  of  the  two  together.  Decoration  is 
the  adorning  of  existing  utilities  with  pattern  or  design  or  motif 
or  embellishment  which  does  not  interfere  with  the  utility  itsell, 
either  in  its  form  or  in  the  exercise  of  its  function,  but  which 
adds  to  it,  aesthetically,  something  of  beauty  and  of  charm. 
Decoration  never  stands  in  the  way  of  utility— decoration  never 
augments  a  function — decoration  is  not  physical,  it  is  of  the 
mind  and  the  soul.  

The  rude  carvings  on  the  battle  axe  of  the  savage  do  not 
hinder  its  function,  but  they  are  not  decoration.  They  are  too 
low  in  their  degree  of  perfection  to  express  the  beautiful,  they 
exert  no  force  on  the  intellect.  They  are  the  expression  of  noth- 
ing in  particular  and  their  appeal  is  barren.  In  a  world  of 
savages  they  might  serve  as  satisfactory  ornament.  But  in  a 
universe  that  is  civilized  they  are  overshadowed  by  things  that 
are  greater,  more  beautiful  and  more  charming. 

It  may  be  contended  that  the  smallest  item  of  decoration  is 
hist  as  essential  as  the  greatest  motif.  Just  so.  and  the  cent  is 
part  of  the  dollar — but  no  one  speaks  of  cents  when  quoting  the 
finances  of  nations.  And  no  one  looks  upon  savage  carving  as 
decoration  when  thinking  of  the  arts  of  civilization. 

There  are  degrees  of  decoration.  There  is  decoration  simply, 
and  great  decoration.  Decoration  may  exercise  an  appeal  during 
a  certain  period  or  in  a  certain  locality;  its  significance  may  be 
temporal  and  fleeting,  but  great  decoration  is  universal.  It 
exists  for  all  peoples  all  times.  Its  power  to  exude  beauty  and 
charm   is   constant. — "Decorative   Furnisher." 


PUBLIC   HEALTH    AND  THE   WAR. 

The  minds  of  most  men  are  centred  at  the  present  time  on  the 
problems  connected  with  the  devastating  war  in  Europe.  The 
supreme  task  which  confronts  the  British  Empire,  and  Canada 
as  an  important  part  of  the  Empire,  requires  the  concentration 
of  all  the  thought  and  energy  that  can  be  given  to  its  accom- 
plishment. It  is  a  difficult  time,  therefore,  to  arouse  interest  In 
social  problems  which  are  in  need  of  solution.  Indeed,  there  are 
some  people  who  question  whether  the  present  is  an  appropriate 
time  to  discuss  them.  And  yet,  when  we  enquire  deep  enough, 
it  seems  as  it  no  time  could  he  more  appropriate  for  those  to  give 
attention  to  them  who  are  unable  to  assist  the  cause  of  the  Em- 
pire in  a  more  direct  way.  Problems  which  have  arisen  since  the 
war  commenced  have  shown  us  the  vital  importance  of  public 
health  and  of  the  efficiency  of  human  labor.  Who  can  measure 
the  enormous  debt  which  the  British  army  to-day  owes  to  the 
public  health  legislation  of  the  past  40  years?  That  the  standard 
of  physique  has  been  raised  by  improved  sanitation  and  housing 
is  without  question.  The  value  of  this  on  the  battlefield  has  been 
seen  in  recent  months.  In  our  workshops  and  factories  physical 
and  mental  efficiency  are  needed  as  they  never  were  before,  and 
what  has  been  accomplished  by  the  past  generation  in  purifying 
our  water  supplies,  in  making  city  life  healthier  and  cleaner,  and 
in  educating  our  workmen  is  now  yielding  abundant  harvest.  In 
some  directions  we  might  have  been  better  equipped  than  we 
are.  In  spite  of  the  progress  we  have  made  we  might  have  paid 
more  regard  to  health  and  to  conservation  of  life  than  we  have 
done.  Bad  housing  and  sanitary  conditions  have  contributed  to 
the  loss  of  tens  of  thousands  of  young  lives  in  Canada  alone 
which  might  have  been  saved  to  the  Empire  if  we  had  paid  more 
regard   to  public  health   requirements. 

The  errors,  or  rather  deficiencies,  of  the  past  should  be  our 
inspiration  for  the  future.  Healthier  conditions  of  life  in  our 
cities  are  needed  now  to  aid  us  In  flnishing  this  war;  they  are 
needed  even  more  to  build  up  reservoirs  of  strength  for  the 
future.  Then,  too,  the  men  who  are  sacrificing  themselves  at  the 
front  will  have  to  be  replaced,  and  large  gaps  will  have  to  be 
filled.  To  prevent  avoidable  disease  and  death  is  to  contribute 
to  the  source  of  that  real  strength  of  the  Empire  which  to-day  is 
undergoing  its  supreme  test. 

In  regard  to  finance,  the  war  is  affecting  our  whole  political 
and  municipal  structure  throughout  Canada.  We  need  to  con- 
serve our  national  resources,  to  encourage  production,  to  reduce 
waste  and  unhealthy  speculation.  To  accomplish  these  tasks 
successfully  we  must  plan  for  the  future,  so  that  our  towns  may 
produce  healthy  citizens  and  be  ready  to  face  times  of  stress  and 
storm  as  well  as  times  of  prosperity. — "Conservation  of  L.ife." 


FIRE    LOSSES. 


FORT  NELSON.  ONT. — W.  J.  Southam's  summer  residence 
was  destroyed  by  flre;  loss  $10,000. 

HARCOURT.  N.B.— Kent  and  Eureka  Hotels  destroyed  by 
fire;  also  Dr.  Fairbank's  residence;   loss  $25,000. 

MEAFORD.  ONT. — Boyd  Bros.'  elevator  destroyed;  loss  $4,000. 

MEDICINE  HAT.  ALTA.— Plant  of  Dominion  Harvester  Co. 
destroyed;  loss  $70,000. 

MONTREAL.  QUE.— Louis  Winstainer  &  Son.  5S  St.  Law- 
rence Boulevard,   factory  destroyed;   loss  $30,000. 

PORT  ARTHUR,  ONT. — Frame  warehouse  of  Western  Dry 
Dock  Co.  destroyed;  loss  $25,000;  new  fireproof  building  will  be 
erected. 

QUEBEC,  QUE. — Plant  of  General  Car  Co.  destroyed;  loss 
$300,000. 

RED  HILL,  ONT.  (near  Hamilton) — O.  B.  Quigley's  barns 
destroyed;  loss  $10,000;  will  rebuild. 

REVELSTOKK,    B.C.— Climax    Hotel    destroyed;    loss    $35,000. 

ST.  JAMES,  MAN. — Ice  storage  plant  destroyed;  loss  $10,000. 

SIMCOE,   ONT.— Planing  mill  of  L.   Filck  &   Sons  destroyed: 

loss    $15,000. 

WINDSOR,    ONT. — O.    Orechkin,    warehouse    destroyed;    loss 

$4, .WO. 

WINNIPEG,    MAN.— Rice   Malting  Co.    plant  destroyed;   loss 

$250,000. 


Construction  News 

The  following  information  is  obtained  from  our  correspondents,  from  architects,  engineers  and 
local  newspapers.  These  items  are  published  in  our  Daily  Report  Service,  and  are  herein 
compiled  for  the  use  of  subscribers  to  the  monthly  issue  of  "Construction."  Should  any  of 
our   readers   desire   this   information   daily   we   will   be  pleased  to  submit  prices  upon  request. 


BUSINESS    BUILDINGS. 

UU.\NI>ON.  MAN.— liiiperlul  Oil  Co.  have  awarded  contrtt<'t  to 
A.  K.  HiiUo<-k  for  the  erection  of  oftlce  bulldiiiK.  to  eoHt  $10,000. 

DAV'inSON,  SASK. — li.  S.  Hutcheon  has  .secured  site  on 
WaMhlnKton  street  for  oHIee  hulldlnif. 

I>ONDON  O.NT. — K.  V.  Huehanan.  Olty  Hall,  Londini,  i.s  lo 
have  plans  prepared  for  new  H.vdi'o  office  hullding,  cost  $7."), (100. 

OTTAWA  ONT.— Archlte<>t  W.  H.  Oeorge,  Castle  HiilldlnK, 
has  called  for  tenders  on  office  bulWlng,  to  be  erected  for  Mac- 
Donald  &  Hr.van.  109  Metcalf  street. 

TOKONTO  t)NT.— Architect!!  Burk,  Horwood  &  White  are 
urepurlnK  plans  for  office  building,  to  be  erected  at  I'rospect 
Cenietery   for  Governors  Prospect  Cemetery;   cost  *S,000. 

WINNIPKG  MAN.— Architect  J.  D.  Atchison  has  plans  drawn 
for  office  bulldlnK  to  be  erected  for  Uank  of  Hamilton,  Winnl- 
ueK  cost  $500,000;  Architects  Woodman  &  Carey  are  preparing 
Plans  for  office  building  to  be  erected  at  Dagmar  and  Banna- 
tyne  for  Stovel  Printing  and  Kngraving  Co.;  Architects  Owen 
&  Jordan  have  awarded  contract  to  Carter- Halls-Aldlnger  Co.  for 
erection  of  office  building  for  WSnnlpeg  Grain  Kxchange,  cost 
$200,000.  ,-»_ 

CIVIL    ENGINEERING. 

BKR1.,IN,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  two  concrete 
bridges;   engineer,   H.   Johnston;   clerk,   A.   Millar. 

BRIDGEBIIRG,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  one 
thousand  yards  concrete  sidewalks;   clerk,  R.   A.   l>and. 

BRITSSKLS.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  macadam 
road;   K.   S.  Scott,  clerk. 

I>  ARLINGTON  TOWNSHIP. — Tenders  have  been  called  for 
■  two  steel  bridges;  clerk.  W.  R.  Allen,  Hampton,  Ont. 

UUMKRIES  TOWNSHIP.— Clerk,  H.  Mans.  Paris,  Ont.,  has 
called  for  tenders  on  three  concrete  bridges;  engineers,  Jackson 
&  l..ee,  Brantford 

DUNDURN,  ONT.— Secretary  E.  G.  E>d wards  has  called  fOT 
tenders  on  cement  sidewalk. 

EAST  KILDONAN.  MAN.— Engineer  J.  W.  Batterahell  has 
called  for  tenders  on  sewers. 

EASTMAN,  QUE.— Secretary  A.  A.  Dlngman  has  called  for 
tenders  on  steel  bridge. 

EDMONTON,  AL,T.\.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  paving 
concrete   walks,   curbs,   etc. 

ESQITIMAUT  TOWNSHIP.— C.  H.  Topp.  engineer,  has  called 
for  tenders  for  sewers. 

KORD  CITY,  ONT.— >Clerk  J.  F.  Foster  has  called  for  tenders 
for  concrete  sidewalks. 

KREOERICTON.  N.B. — Provincial  Government  will  erect  a 
steel  bridge  over  Jemseg  River. 

G.ALT,  ONT. — Gait  Gas  Light  Co.  have  awarded  Thomas  & 
Hancock  a  concrete  breakwater  contract. 

GEORGETOWN.  ONT.— Clerk  F.  L.  Heath  has  called  for 
tenders  for  cement  walks. 

H.VMILTON,  ONT.— Clerk  S.  H.  Kent  has  called  for  tenders 
on  sewers. 

HI'MHOLDT.  SASK. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  concrete 
well. 

KINC.VRDINE,  ONT. — Clerk  J.  Corbett  has  called  for  tenders 
for  .McLean  bridge,  to  l)e  erected  for  Kincardine  Township;  Clerk 
J.  H.  Scougall  has  called  for  tenders  on  cement  sidewalks. 

LONDON,  ONT.— Chipman  &  Power.  204  Mail  Building,  To- 
ronto, has  plans  for  sewers  and  sewerage  disposal  works;  ten- 
ders have  been  called. 

MASON  VI LLE,  QUE.— Secretary  L.  Labelle,  Potton  Town- 
ship, has  called   for  tenders  on  7.')  ft.  steel  bridge. 

MONCTON.  N.B. — Engineer  J.  Edington  has  called  for  ten- 
ders  on   paving   14.200   s<iuare  yards   of  pavement. 

MOOSE  J.WV.  S.\SK.— C.P.R.  will  rebuild  part  of  dam.  re- 
inforced concrete  construction;  cost  $20,000. 

MITCHELL,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  65  ft.  steel 
bridge,  concrete  abutments;  engineer,  J.  Roger,  Mitchell;  clerk, 
M.   Leake. 

NEW  BRUNSWICK. — Department  of  Public  Works,  Frederic- 
ton.  N.B..  have  called  for  tenders  on  four  bridges;  P.  Hughes, 
secretary. 

NORTH  BAY.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  laying 
3.700  feet  of  water  mains;  engineer,  H.  J.  Mc.\uslan. 

NORWICH.  t)NT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  8  in.  sewer; 
clerk,  Wm.   Fairley. 

OR-VNGEVILLE.  ONT. — Engineers  Wheelock  &  Christie, 
Orangeville.  have  called  for  tenders  on  concrete  abutnvents  for 
Township  of  Toronto. 

OTTAW.A.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  steel  bridge; 
engineer,  F.  C.  Askwith. 

PRINCE  (iKORGE.  B.C. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  wood 
pipe,  welded  pipe,  castings,  hydrants  and  valves;  engineers, 
DuCane,   Dutcher  &  Co. 

RED  BRtK)K,  QUE.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  steel 
bridge,  concrete  abutments;    I.    W.   Browne,  secretary- treasurer. 

RUSSELL.  .MAN.— Reeve  H.  V.  Bailey,  Municipality  of  Rus- 
sell, has  tenders  open  for  concrete  bridges. 

ST.  C.\TH.\RI.NIES,  ONT.— Plans  have  been  drawn  for  storm 
relief  sewer,  cost  $75,000;  engineer.  Near;  Engineer  Near  has 
called  for  tenders  on  cement  sidewalks;  tenders  have  been  called 
for  sewers  and  castiron  pipe. 

ST.  L.V.MBERT.  QUE.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  paving 
Waterman  and  Bridge  streets;  secretarv-treasurer.  James  R. 
Beatty. 

ST.  THOMAS.  ONT.— Jas.  Bell  &  Son,  engineers.  St.  Thomas, 
have  called  lor  tenders  for  six  concrete  bridges  to  be  erected 
in  \  armouth  Township. 


TORO.N'TO.  ONT. — Harbor  CommlHsloners  have  awarded  R. 
Wedd_ell  Co.  <'ontractH  for  concrete  harbor  head  wall  work.  $85,- 
000,  and  (Iridging  and  dock,  $!*5.U00;  Works  Department  have 
called  for  tenders  on  concrete  walks,  curbs  and  pavementH;  also 
tile  sewers, 

VIRDKN.  MAN.— Tenders  have  been  .  allc.l  for  laying  con- 
crete pipes,  and  five  concrete  bridges;  secri-Uiry,   W.  Whlteford. 

WALLACE  TOWNSHIP— Reeve  S.  E.  Smith,  It.R.  No.  1, 
Llstowel,  has  called  for  tenders  on  concrete  abutments. 

WESTBOITRNE,  MAN.— SeeretaiN  f  S  McGregor  hag  called 
for  tenders  on   two  concrete   bridges 

WILLOI'GHBY  TOWNSHIP.- Tenders  liave  been  called  for 
four  reinforced  concrete  bridges;  clerk,  J.   H.   Plyley,  Chippawa, 

WIND.SOR,  ONT.— Engineer  M.  E.  Brian  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  concrete  pavements. 

WOODSTOCK,  ONT.— Engineer  F.  J.  Ure  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  sewers;  a  cone  pavement  will  be  laid  on  Riddell  street, 
F.   G.   Ure.   engineer. 

YARMOUTH  TOWNSHIP.— Engineers  Bell  &  Son,  St. 
Thomas.  Ont.,  have  awarded  contracts  to  W.  Irvln.  $fil5,  and  L. 
McC^andle.ss.  $I.SOO,  for  erection  of  concrete  bridges. 


CLUBS,    HOSPITALS,    THEATRES    AND    HOTELS. 
CALGAR'Y,    ALTA. — C^lty    Is    negotiaiting    for    sMe    to    erect 
auditorium,  to  cost  $150,000. 

CARMAN,  MAN.— Hospital  Board.  Secretary,  R.  J.  McCon- 
nell,  have  called  for  tenders  for  additions  to  hospital. 

GANANOQUE,  ONT.— Mr.  Delaney  has  called  for  tenders  on 
additions  to  McKenzie  Theatre. 

GRAVENHURST,  ONT.— Muskoka  Free  Hospital  has  ap- 
proved plans  for  hospital  additions. 

MOOSE  JAW,  SASK.— Architect  R.  G.  Bunyard  has  called 
for  tenders  on  hospital  building  to  be  erected  for  Sisters  of 
Providence. 

PORT  DOVER,  ONT.— Buck  Bros,  propose  building  amuse- 
ment hall  on  Walker  street,  to  cost  $7,000. 

QUEBEC,  QUE.— Brunei  &  Tanguay,  CariUion  and  St.  Valier 
streets,  are  building  picture  theatre,  to  cost  $7,500. 

ST.  CATHARINES.  ONT.— Secretary  G.  L.  Riddell.  Military 
Hospital  Comm.,  1325  Traders  Bank  Building.  Toronto,  has  called 
for  tenders  on  alterations  to  hospital  building. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B.— Architect  F.  Nell  Brodie  has  called  for 
tenders  for  hospital  building  for  Isolation  Hospital  Board,  to  be 
erected  at  Howe's   Lake,   to  cost  $12,500. 

SASKATOON,  SASK.— J.  Noel  Nlven  and  Mr.  Ashdown  are 
preparing  plans  for  new  picture  theatre,  to  cost  $50,000. 

ORILLIA,  ONT.— Architect  W.  H.  Crocker  has  called  for 
tenders  for  addition   to  General   Hospital. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Architects  Curry  &  Sparling  have  award- 
ed contract  to  J.  C.  Scott.  106  River  street,  for  hospital  building, 
to  be  erected  at  Hanlan's  Point,  for  Sick  Children's  Hospital; 
I)lans  are  being  prepared  for  alterations  to  old  General  Hospital 
for  Department  of  Militia  and  Defence;  Architect  Jules  Wegman, 
6  Howard  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  new  club  buildings  for 
.American  Club.  Carls-Rite  Hotel. 

WINDSOR.  ONT.— Windsor  Lawn  Bowling  Assoclastion  are 
preparing  plans  for  club  house,   to  cost  $3,000. 

W^ESTMOUNT,  QUE.— Mr.  Conover,  Imperial  Theatre,  Mont- 
real, is  preparing  plans  for  new  theatre  to  be  erected  at  Sher- 
brooke  and  Grosvenor;  to  cost  $125,000. 


PLANTS.    FACTORIES  AND   WAREHOUSES. 

BRANTFORD.  ONT.— American  Radiator  Co.  have  plans 
drawn  for  new  warehouse  to  be  erected  on  Greenwich  street,  at 
cost  of  $8,000. 

CALGARY,  ALTA. — Canadian  Automatic  Thresher  and  Ma- 
chinery Co.  are  to  build  new  factory  at  cost  of  $75,000;  interested, 
W.  J.  Thomas  and  A.  J.   Lormer,  Vancouver. 

CH.ATHAM,  ONT.— American  Pad  and  Textile  Co.  propose 
building  addition  to  factory  on  Queen  street,  at  cost  of  $8,000. 

CHIPPEWA,  ONT. — The  Norton  Company  propose  erecting 
another  addition  to  plant. 

ELMIR.'V.  ONT.— C.  Steeb,  Guelph,  proposes  building  knitting 
factory;    cost   $25,000. 

GALT,  ONT. — Goldle  &  McCullough  have  awarded  contract 
to  Secord  &  Son,  Brantford,  for  factory  to  cost  $100,000;  Solid 
Leather  Shoe  Co.  have  awarded  contract  to  R.  Gatehouse  for 
addition  to  factory  on  King  street. 

GUELPH,  ONT. — White  Sewing  Machine  Co.  are  preparing 
plans  for  new   factory  to  cost   $200,000. 

KINGSVILLE,  ONT.— Erie  Tobacco  Co.  contemplate  rebuild- 
ing factory  destroyed  by  fire,  at  cost  of  $50,000. 

LEAMINGTON,  ONT.— W.  F.  Moss  has  awarded  contract  to 
Link  Bros,  for  erection  of  tobacco  factory  to  cost  $8,000;  F.  W. 
Johnston  and  J.  W.  Shardlow  have  plans  drawn  for  knitting 
factory. 

LONDON,  ONT. — Gootson  Bros.,  Mattland  street,  have  plans 
drawn  for  new  warehouse  to  be  erected  on  Trafalgar  street,  to 
cost  $4,000. 

M.ARKHAM.  ONT. — Purus  Salts  Co.,  Limited,  are  to  have 
plans  prepared  for  erection  of  $5,000  plant;  interested,  J.  Mal- 
colm, Markham. 

MONCTON,  N.B. — Atlantic  Underwear.  Limited,  have  ten- 
ders open  for  new  factory. 

MONTREAL.  QUE. — Can.  Consolidated  Rubber  Co.,  1150  Notre 
Dame  east,  have  plan  drawn  for  factory  to  cost  $10,000;  Can.  Iron 
and  Tube  Co..  107  Hamilton  street,  have  plans  drawn  for  new 
factorv    to   cost    $3,000:    Columbus   Rubber   Co.,    Iverville,     have 


208 


CONSTRUCTION 


2m 


plans  drawn  for  new  factory  on  Poupard  and  Ue  Montigny,  to 
cost  $5,000;  Harbor  Commissioners,  67  Common,  have  plans 
drawn  "for  new  warehouse  to  be  erected  on  Notre  Dame  street 
east  at  cost  of  $18,000;  C.  H.  Johnston  &  Sons,  8  Dagenais,  have 
plans  drawn  for  new  factory  to  cost  $4,000;  Mathews  Phelan,  8 
St.  Peter,  has  plans  drawn  for  new  factory  on  Jurors  street  to 
cost  $1,500;  Wni.  Maher,  1878A  Henri  Jullen,  has  plans  drawn 
for  store  and  residence  to  be  erected  on  Beaubien  street  at  cost 
of  $1,500. 

MONTROSE,  ONT.  (near  Niagara  Falls)— Canadian  Alexlte 
Co.,  UmMed,  have  commenced  work  on  new  factory  to  cost 
$100,000. 

PETERBORO',  ONT. — Quaker  Oats  Co.  have  awarded  con- 
tract to  Leonard  Contracting  Co.  for  factory  addition,  to  cost 
$30,000. 

QUEBEC,  QUE.— «on.  G.  E.  Amyot,  Dorchester,  has  plans 
drawn  for  the  erection  of  corset  factory  to  be  erected  on  St. 
Helen  s/treet,  at  cost  of  $50,000. 

REGINA.  SASK. — Consolidated  Rubber  Co.  have  awarded  con- 
tract to  Poole  Cons.  Co.  for  warehouse,  to  cost  $35,000;  A.  Mel- 
ville,  Winnipeg,  architect. 

SAGUENAY  RIVER,  QUE. — Du  Pont  Power  Co.,  Chicago,  III., 
propose  erecting  power  plant,  to  cost  $10,000,000. 

ST.  CATHARINES,  ONT. — Canada  Forge  Co.  have  awarded 
contract  to  Standard  Steel  Construotion  Co.  for  factory  ware- 
house, to  cost  $50,000. 

SHERBROOKE.  QUE.— Corey  Needle  Co.  have  plans  drawn 
for  factory   addition. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Chevrolet  Motor  Car  Co.,  Toronto  Junc- 
tion, are  preparing  plans  for  new  factory  to  cost  $100,000:  Archi- 
tects Denison  &  Stephenson,  IS  King  street  west,  are  preparing 
plans  for  warehouse  to  be  erected  on  Richmond  street  for  Mr. 
Cowan;  Architect  S.  A.  Waggett  has  plans  drawn  for  office, 
warehouse  and  stable,  to  be  erected  for  B.  Enusevsky,  235 
Beverley  street;  Gutta  Percha  and  Rubber,  Limited.  47  Yonge 
street,  are  building  reclaiming  building  at  West  Toronto;  Flint 
Varnish  Co.  are  building  new  factory  on  Perth  avenue;  Architect 
C.  J.  Gibson.  53  Yonge  street,  has  called  for  tenders  on  new 
warehouse  for  Wm.  Long,  406  Yonge  street,  to  be  erected  on 
Gerrard  street;  McClary  Mfg.  Co.  have  plans  drawn  for  factory 
addition  at  177  King  street  west,  cost  $3,000;  Sunbeam  Lamp 
Co.,  Dufferin  street,  have  awarded  contract  to  Canadian  AUis- 
Chalmers.  212  King  street  west,  for  erection  of  re-storage  build- 
ing on  Dufferin  street,  at  cost  of  $30,000;  Jas.  Thompson,  43 
Dawes  road,  has  commenced  work  on  new  factory  on  Broad- 
view avenue,  cost  $5,000;  Wilson  Munitions,  Limited.  1106 
Traders  Bank  Building,  have  plans  drawn  for  factory  addition 
at  438  Dufferin  street,  to  cost  $2,000;  Architect  and  Engineer  J. 
McConnell  and  L.  Dowling,  167  Yonge  street,  are  preparing  plans 
for  erection  of  warehouse  for  H.  Greisman.  68  Adelaide  street 
east,  to  cost  $40,000. 


PUBLIC    BUILDINGS   AND   STATIONS. 
AYLMER.   ONT. — Dr.    Muma  is  preparing  plans   for  erection 
of  Fair  building  at  Fair  Grounds. 

BROCKVILLE.  ONT.— Work  has  been  commenced  on  Old 
Folks'  Home,  to  cost  $8,000. 

GALT.  ONT. — Commissioner  Cummings  is  preparing  plans  for 
erection  of  band  stand  and  pavilion  at  Jackson's  Park,  at  cost 
of  $3,000. 

GUELPH.  ONT.— Architect  F.  R.  Heakes,  Parliament  Build- 
ings. Toronto,  has  called  for  tenders  on  building  alterations  for 
Ontario  Department  of  Public  Works.   Toronto. 

HAMILTON.  ONT.— Architect  P.  W.  Peene.  107  Clyde  Block, 
has  called  for  tenders  on  park  buildings,  to  be  erected  in  Wa- 
basso  Park. 

MIMICO.  ONT.— G.T.R..  Montreal,  has  plans  drawn  for  new- 
station   to  be  erected  at  Church  and  Main  streets. 

NORTH  BATTLEFORD.  SASK.— Architect  H.  Evans  has 
called  for  tenders  on  new  library  to  be  erected  on  Main  street 
for  Library   Board;   chairman,    Mr.    Walker;    cost   $18,000. 

ORILLIA,  ONT. — Architects  Burk.  Horwood  &  White.  Ryrie 
Building.  Toronto,  have  called  for  tenders  on  municipal  build- 
ing,  to  cost  $35,000. 

OTTAWA.  ONT.— Architects  Darling  &  Pearson.  Toronto, 
have  awarded  contract  to  Peter  Lyall  Co.,  Montreal,  for  erection 
of  Parliament  Buildings,  to  be  erected  at  cost  of  $6,000,000. 

S'T.  BONIFACE,  MAN.— City  Council  are  having  plans  pre- 
pared for  proposed  Are  hall,  to  cost  $20,000. 

SASKATOON.  SASK.— Exhibition  Board  have  awarded  con- 
tract to  W.  Vt.  Houlding  for  erection  of  Fair  buildings. 

SC.\RBORO'.  ONT.— Site  has  been  secured  by  Scarboro' 
Township  for  new  municipal  hall. 

SHERBROOKF:.  que.— Oity  Council  will  decide  to  spend 
$;)0.000  on  new  city  hall. 

TAVISTOCK.  ONT— John  Lemp,  Chairman  Library  Board, 
V,''^^'i*'/"'"i*"^  contracts  for  new  library  as  follows:  carpentering, 
Kalbfieisch  &  .Son:  masonry,  John  Piehl ;  heating,  Woefle  &  Son- 
pamting  and  glazing.  H.  Schlitt;  plumbing,  G.  Eifert.  all  of 
Tavistock,   Ont. 

-TILBURY.  ONT.— M.  C.  Railway,  St.  Thomas.  Ont..  are  pre- 
paring  plans   for   new  station. 

TIMMINS.  ONT.— T.  &  N.  O.  Railway  have  called  for  tenders 
on  new  station;  S.   B.   Clement.   North   Bay.  engineer. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Department  of  Pubjie  Works  have  called 
for  tenders  for  new  car  barns;  Architect  W.  W.  Pearse  City 
Hall,  has  called  for  tenders  for  lavatory  at  Ward's  Island-  Sec- 
retary W.  J.  Hughes.  50  Wychwood  avenue.  W'vchwood  Con- 
servative .\ssociation.  propose  builihng  public  half;  Hydro-Elec- 
tric Co..  226  Yonge  street,  have  plans  drawn  for  additions  to 
station  at  Front  and  Cherry  streets;  cost  $6  000 

VANCOUVER.  B.C.— F.  L.  Townley  has  awarded  contract  to 
Grant.  Smith  &  Co.  for  station  foundations,  to  tie  erected  at 
False  Creek. 

WE.STVILLE.  N.S.— Town  of  Westvllle,  A.  W.  McBean,  clerk 
have  called  for  tenders  on  public  building,  to  cost  $6,000. 


RESIDENCES,    STORES   AND    FLATS. 
AMHERSTBURG.  ONT.— Dr.  D.  Laferte.  Detroit,  has  award- 
ed   contracts   on    residence,    cost    $5,000. 

ATWOOD.  ONT.— Geo.  Gordon  has  plans  drawn  for  residence 
to  cost  $3,500. 


AVON  HEAD,  ONT.— E.  Lantz  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence,  to  cost  $4,000. 

AYER'S  CLIFFE.  ONT.— S.  S.  Worthen,  Marshall  Rexford. 
Mr.  Pickard,  Fitch  Bay.  are  all  preparing  plans  for  frame 
bungalows. 

AYLMER.  ONT. — Clarence  Smith.  Aylmer.  is  preparing  plans 
for   several   residences,    cost   $8,000. 

BANFF,  ALTA.— R.  H.  Brett  will  build  business  block  of 
four    stores;    H.    S.    Johnston.    B.Sc.    architect. 

BELMONT.  ONT.— A.  W.  Beattie  has  awarded  contract  for 
t)ungalow  to  Turner  Bros.,  cost  $5,000. 

BLYTH,  ONT. — Adam  Elliott  is  preparing  plans  for  residence 
to  be  erected  on  Dinsley  street,   cost  $6,000. 

BRANDON.  MAN.— Hon.  G.  R.  Caldwell  has  plans  drawn  for 
seven  stores  to  be  erected  on  Rosser  and  Princess  avenues,  cost 
$10,000. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— Dr.  C.  D.  Chapin  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence  to  be  erected  at  45  Wellington  street,  cost  $6,000;  K. 
L.  Gould  has  awarded  contract  for  residence  to  be  erected  on 
Chestnut  avenue  to  Schultz  Bros.,  cost  $7,000;  Barber  &  Tilley, 
architects;  Dr.  Porter  has  plans  drawn  for  brick  bungalow  to 
cost  $3,000. 

CARLINGFORD,  ONT.— R.  S.  Smith  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence  to  be  erected,  cost  $3,200. 

COLBORNE,  ONT.— Wm.  Durst  has  pl,ans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence, cost  $3,500. 

COLLINGWOOD,  ONT.— J.  Beckett  has  awarded  contract  to 
Bawden  &  McLeod  for  residence,   to  cost  $2,200. 

CORINTH.  ONT.— Walker  Firby  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence^o  be  rebuilt  that  was  destroyed  by  fire,  cost  $3,000. 

CRAMPTON,  ONT. — J.  Jenkins  has  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence and  dairy  barn;  buildings  destroyed  by  fire  to  be  rebuilt 
at  cost  of  $5,000. 

DUTTON.  ONT. — G.  Binks,  Route  1,  Dutton,  is  preparing 
plans  for  residence  to  cost  $3,500;  Godfrey  Gilchrist  has  awarded 
contract  to  Saunders,  Dutton,  for  residence  to  cost  $3,500;  T. 
M.  MacLellan,  Tara,  Ont.,  has  awarded  contract  to  Evans,  Owen 
Sound,  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,500. 

ELORA,  ONT. — F.  Daub  will  erect  residence  on  Main  street, 
to  cost  $7,000;  D.  Jowen  has  awarded  contract  to  N.  Stafford, 
Elora,   for  auto  sales  shop,   to  cost  $8,000. 

EXETER,  ONT. — Harvey  Bros,  are  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence to  cost  $3,500;  J.  Howard  is  preparing  plans  for  an  apart- 
ment   to    be    erected,    cost    $5,000. 

FOREST,  ONT.— Mrs.  G.  Webster  has  awarded  contract  to 
Phillip  Prouse  for  residence  to  be  erected,  to  cost  $4,000. 

GRaPTON.  N.B. — Marion  Rankin  has  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence to  be  erected. 

HALIFAX,  N.S. — J.  Brennan  has  plans  drawn  for  residence 
to  be  erected  on  Livingston  street,  to  cost  $2,000;  W.  O.  Mor- 
riscey  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Sherwood 
street;  P.  W.  Parker  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected 
on  Quinn  street;  F.  C.  Geizer  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to 
be  erected  on  Westmount  street. 

HAMILTON.  ONT. — E.  Crawford.  19  Holton  avenue,  has 
plans  drawn  for  apartment  to  be  erected,  cost  $9,000;  E.  Pat- 
terson, 167Vi  King  east,  arcihitect;  J.  W.  Cummings,  East  Main 
street,  has  plans  drawn  for  $5,000  residence;  E.  A.  Seymour, 
Cumberland  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  $6,000  residence;  A.  F.- 
Hatch,  73  Sherman,  has  plans  drawn  for  ofBce  to  be  erected  on 
Arthur  avenue,  cost  $5,000:  Ronnenberg  &  Bach.  24  Fairholt. 
have  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Somerset  avenue, 
cost  $2,000;  J.  W.  Gathercole,  439  King  street  west,  has  plans 
drawn  for  three  brick  residences  to  be  erected  at  38  East  Simcoe, 
cost  $4,000;  G.  Dunn,  293  Charlton  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for 
two  frame  residences  to  be  erected  on  McNulty  boulevard,  cost 
$2,000;  J.  M.  Farewell  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be 
erected  on  Beechwood  avenue,  cost  $2,200;  Harold  Grayson  has 
plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  at  297  Prondence  street, 
cost  $1,800;  R.  Lamb  has  plans  drawn  for  cottage  to  be  erected 
on  Grosvenor  avenue,  cost  $2,000;  J.  McNought.  495  Wilson 
avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  three  brick  residences  to  be  erected 
on  Somerset  avenue  and  Dunsmore  road,  cost  $6,000;  J.  Dwyer 
has  plans  drawn  for  two  residences  to  be  erected  on  East  Bend 
street,  cost  $4,000;  T.  Hamilton  has  plans  drawn  for  two  resi- 
dences to  be  erected  at  182  Grosvenor  street,  cost  $2,000;  T. 
BabDidge  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  North 
Wentworth  street,  cost  $2,000;  E.  Carlson  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence  to  be  erected  on  Mayflower  avenue,  to  cost  $2,000: 
J.  J.  Morden  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on 
Balmoral  avenue,  to  cost  $2,000:  J.  H.  Craig  has  plans  drawn 
for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Somerset  avenue,  to  cost  $2,000; 
Williamson  &  Torrence  has  awarded  contract  to  S.  S.  Forbes  for 
erection  of  two  residences  to  cost  $6,000;  G.  S.  Duncan,  St.  Clair 
avenue,  has  awarded  contract  to  Mitchell  &  Riddell  for  residence 
to  cost  $5,000;  W.  C.  Armstrong,  119  Hughson,  has  plans  drawn 
for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Beechwood  avenue,  to  cost  $2,000; 
McKa.v  Bros,  have  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected: 
Mr.  Wilson,  40  Melrose  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence 
to  be  erected  at  cost  of  $4,000;  Architect  G.  Hutton  has  awarded 
contract  to  Wm.  Yates,  24  Leeming.  for  residence  to  be  erected 
for   F.   T,    Smye.   222  Herkimer,   cost   $5,000. 

HENSALL,  ONT. — .1.  Dixon  has  plans  drawn  for  residence 
to  1)8  erected  on  Main  street,  cost  $5,000;  H.  Hemphill,  London 
road,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  at  cost  of 
$3,500. 

HIGHGATE.  ONT.— Charles  Oakes  has  awarded  contract  to 
Charles  Eacott  for  store  to  be  erected,  cost  $3,000. 

LACHINK.  QUE. — Architect  John  S.  Archibald,  Montreal,  has 
awarded  contract  to  Valimore  Saurette,  53  Gait  avenue,  for 
erection  of  fourteen  workmen's  houses  for  Lachlne  Land  Co,. 
Montreal,   to  cost   $31,000. 

LISTOWEL,  ONT. — J.  R.  Bennett  has  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence to  be  erected,  cost  $3,000,  arcliitect,  W.  E.  Benning;  R. 
Oliver  is  pi-eparing  plans  for  residence  to  cost  $6,000;  Fizra 
Reihm  has  awarded  contract  to  G.  Wahl  for  residence  to  cost 
$4,000:  E.  B.  Smith  is  erecting  two  residences  to  cost  $10,000; 
\.  Zurbigg  is  preparing  plans  for  residence  to  cost  $5,000. 

LION'S  HEAD.  ONT.— Tackaberry  &  Tackaberry  are  prepar- 
ing plans  for  general  store,  to  cost  $15,000. 

LONDON.  ONT.— Aid.  G.  Burdlck.  634  Dundas  street,  has 
plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Queen  avenue,  to 
cost  $4,000:  C.  Dy.son.  779  Dufferin  avenue,  has  awarded  con- 
tract to  H.  Hayman.  491  Ontario  street,  for  store  and  residence, 
to  cost  $5,500;  D.  Ferguson.  .503  Quebec  street,  has  awarded  con- 


210 


CONSTRUCTION 


truit  to  Henrv  Hayiimn,  491  Ontario  »treot,  for  rosildi'nrc.  to  vonl 
$5,(M>«;  '!•  OarmT.  Dxforil  slrt'et.  Jihb  pliiriH  drawn  for  roHidwiice 
to  l«>  eriH'ted  on  Oxford  Blreet,  coat  |3,5UO;  I),  (irahain,  3  Perry 
Btreet,  has  plan«  drawn  for  two  r«gldenc<ea,  to  I'oat  $6,500;  JanieH 
Hasletl,  S20  Uirhnioiid  struet.  haB  awarded  contract  to  H.  Hay- 
man,  Wl  Ontario  street,  for  roaldence,  to  cost  $!i,OUO;  Janicti 
Hnasev,  care  of  O.  ['arklngw-jn,  has  Information  regarding  pro- 
posed Trade  and  l<alM)r  Temple  to  be  erected  at  cost  of  $50,000, 
architect  to  be  chosen:  I'.  LIzmore,  211  Uldout  street,  has  plans 
drawn  for  four  residences  to  be  erected  on  Ouchess  street,  at 
cost  of  $15,000;  T.  A.  Mitchell,  Hi  Dundas  street,  has  awarded 
contract  to  J.  KutherlKHigh,  1008  WelllnKfJ"  street,  for  altera- 
tions to  drug  store,  to  cost  $15,000.  Watt  &  Hlackwell,  archi- 
tects; J,  Orme,  175  St.  James  street.  Is  prejiarin);  plans  for  sev- 
eral residences  to  be  erected  at  co«t  of  $10,000;  C  I'ape,  Cath- 
cart  avenue,  is  preparing  plans  for  residence  to  be  erected  on 
Tecunlsch  avenue,  to  cost  $:1,500;  W.  Parr,  460  York  street, 
has  plana  drawn  for  alterations  to  residence  on  York  street, 
residence  to  la;  made  into  a  four-family  apartment,  cost  $4,000; 
N.  S.  Koberta.  Windsor  avenue,  is  preparing  plans  for  three 
bungalows  to  be  erected  on  Windsor  avenue,  to  cost  $10,500; 
VV.  Spottlgue.  care  of  London  Kertiiizer  Co..  is  preparing  plans 
for  three  residences  to  be  erected  on  Windsor  avenue,  to  cost 
$9,000,  J.  V.  Munro.  Itank  of  Toronto  liuilding,  architect; 
it.  Weir.  41*3  Adelaide  street,  is  preparing  plans  for  three  resi- 
dences to  tie  erected  on  Reburne  street,  to  cost  $7,000;  Architect 
.1.  .M.  Moore,  415  KIchmond  street,  has  awarded  contract  to  John 
Hayman  &  Son,  432  Wellington  street,  for  alterations  to  stores 
for  J.  C.  Uuffleld,  City  (3as  Co.,  I.,ondon.  cost  $7,000:  T.  Copp.  51 
Wortley  road,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on 
Adaven  place,  to  cost  $3,000;  J.  Maine.  7J  Askin  street,  has 
awarded  contract  to  H.  Wallace.  S4  Anderson  avenue,  for  erec- 
tion of  residence,  to  cost  $3,200;  Allison  Walch.  18  Bellevlew 
avenue,  has  awarded  contract  to  Hyatt  Bros..  Kgerton  street. 
for  erection  of  residence,  to  cost  $3,000;  K.  H.  Johnston,  Coote 
Hlock,  has  awarded  contract  to  H.  Templeman.  137  Wharnclifte 
road,  for  erection  of  two  residences,  to  cost  $3,500;  Chas.  I..ee, 
766  Hill  street,  has  awarded  contract  to  Hvatt  Bros,  for  erection 
of  residence,  to  cost  $3,500. 

MAI.,1>EN  TOWNSHIP.— John  Waters,  Maiden  P.O.,  has  plans 
drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,500. 

McGRi-GOR,  ONT. — John  Beaudoln  has  awarded  contract  to 
Charles  McLean   for   residence,   to  cost  $4,000. 

MIUDLEMISS.  ONT.— A.  Battin  has  awarded  contract  to 
Saunders.   Dutton.   for  residence,  to  cost  $4,000. 

MITCHELL.  ONT. — Messrs.  Wm.  FIzerman.  Jr.,  F.  C.  Hord. 
W.   B.   Barley  and   D.   Btty  will  erect   residences. 

MONCTON.  N.B. — Cltv  Land  and  Investment  Co.  will  erect 
two  stores;  C.  S.  Clark  is  preparing  plans  for  apartment  house 
to  be  erected  on  Robinson  and  Railway  streets,  to  cost  $15,000. 

MONTREAL.  QUE.— S.  Sarantineau.  6335  Laverdure,  has 
plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,500;  Adelard  Amyotte.  590 
Valols  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,500;  Bellehumeul, 
12  Montgomery,  has  plans  drawn  for  store  and  residence  to  cost 
$3  500;  Henrv  liirks  &  Son,  304  St.  Catherine  street  west,  have 
plans  drawn  "for  store  to  cost  $2,000;  Daniel  Blay.  802  Clifton,  has 
plans  drawn  for  four  residences  to  cost  $7,000;  Dame  Bourdon. 
49,s  De  Montignv.  has  plans  drawn  for  two  stores  and  two  resi- 
dences to  cost  $10,000;  J.  B.  Daount  has  plans  drawn  for  two 
residences  to  cost  $3,600  and  $3,700;  Ed.  Ducharneau.  755  Outre- 
mont  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  flat  to  cost  $3,000;  Elz.  Desma- 
v.-is.  2909  St.  Denis,  has  plans  drawn  for  17  residences  to  be  erect- 
ed at  a  cost  of  $1,500  each;  A.  Donarde.  490  St.  Timothee.  has  plans 
drawn  for  five  stores  and  one  residence  to  cost  $5,000;  Mrs.  C. 
E.  Hayr.  694  Mountain  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to 
be  erected  at  cost  of  $5,000;  Laflamme  &  Bedford.  3137  St.  James 
street,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $4,500;  Luc  Marran 
Des  Lapierre.  608  Citv  Hall  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  three 
residences  to  cost  $6,000;  A.  Simone.  2398  St.  Andre,  has  plans 
drawn  for  two  residences  to  cost  $2,000;  C.  Lewis.  118  Grand 
lioulevard.  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,000;  Louis 
Couture,  1082  St.  Catherine  street  east,  has  plans  drawn  for 
store  and  residence  to  cost  $1,100;  J.  Rugemins,  176  Joques 
street,  has  plans  drawn  for  two  residences  to  cost  $2,000;  M. 
Racine,  Boulevard  Gouin,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost 
$3,000;  St.  Lawrence  Reality  Co..  134  Macord  street,  have  plans 
drawn  for  store  to  cost  $1,500;  Z.  Nellinger.  184  Montana  street. 
has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  he  erected  on  Delormier  street 
to  cost  $1,000;  I-.  M.  Messier.  892  Mount  Royal  east,  has  plans 
drawn  for  stable  and  two  sheds  to  be  erected  on  Fabre  street 
at  cost  of  $2,000;  V.  Stewart.  You\-llie  place,  has  plans  drawn 
for  two  stores  to  be  erected  at  cost  of  $15,000;  Geo.  Walker.  154 
Marlow.  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Marlow. 
near  Sherbrooke.  at  cost  of  $6,000;  G.  N.  Wuggan.  120  McTavish. 
has  plans  drawn  for  shed  to  be  erected  at  cost  of  $1,500;  A. 
Aubien.  Plantagenet.  Ont..  has  plans  drawn  for  store  and  resi- 
dence to  cost  $2,500;  C.  E.  Gravel,  Duluth  Bldg.,  has  plans 
drawn  for  the  erection  of  a  store  on  Craig  street  west,  to  cost 
$2,000;  J.  St.  Pierre.  103  Fort  street,  lias  plans  drawn  for  erection 
if  seven  residences  to  cost  $15,000;  S.  B.  Letendre.  625  St.  Cather- 
ine street  east,  has  plans  drawn  for  two  residences  to  be  erected 
at  cost  of  $2,500;  W.  J.  Pape.  456  Old  Orchard,  has  plans  drawn 
for  a  residence  to  be  erected  at  cost  of  $4,000;  H.  P.  Denyar.  73 
St.  Valier.  has  plans  drawn  for  store  and  two  residences  to  be 
erected  at  cost  of  $8,000;  St.  Jean  &  Cardinal.  420  St.  Catherine 
.street  east,  have  plans  drawn  for  erection  of  six  residences  to 
cost  $4,000. 

NEW  HAMBX'RG.  ONT— Henry  Diechert  has  plans  drawn  for 
addition   to  harness  shop  to  cost   $4,000. 

NORTH  BATTLEP-Olil).  SASK.— Pickel  &  Johnston  h.ave 
plans   drawn   for  store  addition   to  cost   $7,000. 

I'AISLKY.  ONT. — J.  W.  Collins  is  preparing  plans  for  two 
residences  to  cost  $5,000;  J.  Dewar  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence to  cost  $3,500;  J.  A.  Mac.Vrthur  is  preparing  plans  for 
residence  to  cost  $1,000. 

PKTROLIA.  OXT.— Mayor  R.  Sturett  is  to  have  plans  pre- 
pared for  general  store  to  lie  erected  on  Main  street,  at  cost  of 
125.000. 

POINT  MARA.  ONT.— Wm.  ilcArthur  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence    to   cost    $4,000. 

POUT  1>0\-i:R.  0.\T.— John  Gordon  has  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence to  lie  erected  on  Main  street  at  cost  of  $3,000. 

POitT  i;i/ilX.  ONT— John  Thede  has  secured  site  for  resi- 
dence  to  cost   $4,500; 

PRESTO.V,  f)NT. — Hope  Bro.s.  are  preparing  plans  to  rebuild 
meat  market  destroyed  by  fire,  cost  $4,000;  Mirsching  Bros,  are 
preparing  plans  for  Inisiness  lilock  to  be  erected  on  Argvle  street 
at   co.st   of  $S.000. 


gUI'lBKC,  m'K. — L.  Iw(brec<iue.  128  Dupont.  has  plans  drawn 
for  residence  to  be  erected  on  i'harlesbourg  road  at  cost  of 
$6,000;  E.  Drolet.  355  St.  Joseph  Htreet,  has  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence to  be  erected  on  St.  Foye  mad  at  cost  of  $5,000;  W.  Legare 
Marie,  Incarnation  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost 
$3,000;  Felix  Dellsle,  129  Hermlne  street,  has  plans  drawn  for 
brick  addition  to  residence  to  cost  $3,500;  J.  Cauchon.  364  Riche- 
lieu street,  has  plans  <lrawn  for  residence  to  cost  $6,000;  R. 
Rochette.  i{ourlame(|ue  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence 
to  cost  $6,000;  Jos.  I^sifrance,  21  I'lessls,  has  plans  drawn  for 
reHldence  to  be  erected  on  Begin  street  at  cost  of  $8,000;  Gordon 
&  Ernest  Rosa,  St.  Louis  street,  have  plans  drawn  for  two  resi- 
dences to  be  erected  on  i'ark  avenue,  at  $9,000  each;  J.  10.  Rouil- 
lard  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Lafranc 
street,  cost  $7,000;  G.  Gerard,  Canardiere  road,  has  plans  drawn 
for  re»ldence  to  cost  $2,200;  Leon  I..es8ard.  Morin  street,  has 
plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,000;  Nop,  Poirer,  9  St. 
Limollou.  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $3,500;  Fortunat 
Gingras,  70  St.  Joachins  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to 
coat  $8,000;  J.  Thompson,  Uth  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence to  be  erected  on  Charlesliourg  road,  to  cost  $2,000;  Ern 
Bouchard,  7th  street,  Limollou,  has  plans  drawn  for  erection  of 
residence  to  cost  $3,400;  R.  Bussleres,  2  Marie  Louise  street,  has 
plans  drawn  for  residence  to  he  erected  4o  cost  $2  ooo  1,  SI 
Pierre,  7th  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  i  n,  i,.ii 
io  cost   $2,500. 

RIVERSIDE,  N.B.— F.  W.  Roach  will  erect  residence  at  coat 
of  $7,000;   J.    L.   Heans,   84  Germain  street,  architect. 

RU.SSELDALE,  ONT.— J.  Sawyer  has  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence  to  cost   $5,000. 

ST.  CATHARINES.  ONT.— Architect  A.  E.  Nicholson  has 
called  for  tenders  on  residence  to  be  erected  for  Victoria  Lawn 
cemetery. 

ST.  ANDREWS.  N.B. —Architect  John  S.  Archibald.  Mont- 
real, has  awarded  contract  to  Fussing  &  Jorgensen.  6  Curocher 
street.  Montreal,  for  erection  of  residence  for  Mrs.  E.  C.  Walker. 
Washington,    to   cost    $20,000. 

ST.  MARYS,  ONT.— Henderson  &  StalTord  have  plans  drawn 
for  residence  to  cost  $5,000;  F.  H.  Smith  has  awarded  contract 
to  Stafford  &  Henderson  for  residence  to  be  erected  at  cost  of 
$5,000. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT.— A.  S.  Smith  is  preparing  plans  for  stores 
to  be  erected;  .Mrs.  C.  O.  Stanley  has  awarded  contract  to 
.Albert  Morri.ss  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Hinks  and  Wel- 
lington  streets   at   a   cost   of  $3,500. 

SARNIA,  ONT. — Watson  Bros,  are  preparing  plans  for  altera- 
tions to  flats,   R.   W.   Fawcett,   architect. 

SEAFORTH.  ONT.-Aj.  Watson  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence to  cost  $3,200. 

SHERBROOKE,  QUE. — A.  G.  Campbell  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence  to  be  erected  on  Queen  street  at  cost  of  $3,000;  G.  G. 
Brown,  builder;  E.  C.  Goodhere  has  plans  drawn  for  residence 
to  be  erected  on  Quebec  street  at  cost  of  $3,000;  G.  G.  Brown 
has  plans  drawn  for  six  tenements  to  be  erected  at  cost  of 
$8,000;  A.  Chanligny  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected 
at  cost  of  $3,000;  A.  Gendron,  1st  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for 
one  pair  of  residences  to  be  erected  at  cost  of  $5,000;  Architect 
H.  G.  James  has  awarded  contract  to  Loomis  Dakin.  Ltd..  for 
erection   of  residence   for  T.   J.   Parkes,   to  cost  $15,000. 

STANSTEAD.  QUE. — Harriet  Dewey  is  preparing  plans  for 
residence  to  cost  $2,500. 

SYDNEY,  N.S. — J.  E.  Burchell  &  Co.  have  plans  drawn  for 
three  residences  to  be  erected  on  Royal  avenue  and  High  street 
at  cost  of  $8,000. 

TARA.  ONT. — M.  Musson  has  awarded  contract  to  Evans, 
Owen    Sound,   for  residence   to   cost   $3,500. 

THORNDALE,  ONT.— J.  Murphy,  Route  2,  Thomdale,  has 
plans  drawn  for  residences  to  cost  $5,000. 

TILLSONBURG,  ONT. — Geo.  Fleming  has  commenced  work 
on   residence   on    Lisgar   avenue    to   cost    $3,500. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — J.  Craig  has  plans  drawn  for  two  family 
residences  to  be  erected  on  Marchmount  road  at  cost  of  $6,000; 
J.  H.  Standford,  17  Westmoreland,  architect;  Mrs.  Evans  has 
awarded  contract  to  A.  Russell,  490  Delaware  avenue,  for  resi- 
dence to  be  erected  on  Glen  road  at  cost  of  $8,000.  architect.  D. 
C.  Cotton.  54  Adelaide  east;  Mrs.  Wilson  has  plans  drawn  for 
two  family  residence  to  be  erected  on  Silver  Birch  avenue  at  cost 
of  $6,000.  J.  H.  Standford.  17  Westmoreland  avenue,  architect; 
J.  A.  Thatcher.  37  Cowan  avenue,  architect,  is  preparing  plans 
for  apartment  house  to  be  erected  at  Morley  and  Gerrard  at  cost 
of  $15,000;  Robert  Bros..  Dovercourt  road,  have  plans  drawn  for 
apartment  house  to  he  erected  on  Arthur  street  at  cost  of 
$60,000;  H.  McLean.  77  Seventh  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for 
pair  of  residences  on  Seventh  avenue;  A.  H.  Dr.vden.  106  Degrassi 
street,  has  plans  drawn  for  residences  to  be  erected  on  Norman- 
dy avenue  at  cost  of  $3,500;  C.  Black.  169  Greenwood  avenue, 
is  erecting  pair  of  residences  at  cost  of  $5,000;  E.  C. 
Hulburt,  44  Castlefleld  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence to  be  erected  on  Briar  Hill  avenue  at  cost  of 
$4,000;  E.  Bailey.  32  Lauder  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence  to  cost  $3,500;  W.  H.  Hall,  244  Terauley  street,  has 
commenced  work  on  residence  at  130  Hamilton  street,  to  cost 
$2,500;  L.  H.  Moore.  260  Waveriey  road,  has  commenced  work  on 
residence  and  garage  to  cost  $3,000;  Dr.  J.  T.  Gilmour.  Guelph, 
has  awarded  contracts  on  residence  to  be  erected  at  Ridout  street 
and  Indian  road,  architects.  Ellis  &  Ellis.  Manning  Chambers. 
Toronto;  Geoffrey  Schunk.  43  Bellevlew  place,  has  plans  drawn 
for  residence  to  be  erected  at  18  Durie  street,  cost  $2,500;  W. 
Colwell,  179  Delaware  avenue,  has  commenced  work  on  pair  of 
residences  on  Rosemount  avenue,  cost  $3,500;  C.  Evans.  163 
Westminster  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  on  Glen 
road.  D.  Cotton.  54  Adelaide  street  east,  architect,  cost  $6,000; 
Mrs.  R.  F.  Tate.  234  Macpherson  avenue,  has  awarded  contract 
to  Britnell  &  Co.  for  brick  addition  to  residence  on  Macpherson 
avenue,  cost  $2,000;  R.  Simpson  Co.  are  preparing  plans  for 
alterations  to  residence  at  439  Shert)oiirne  street,  present  resi- 
dence to  be  altered  as  a  rest  home,  Burke.  Horwood  &  White, 
Rvrie  building,  architects,  cost  $100,000;  E.  T.  Miller,  Dufterin 
street,  has  plans  drawn  for  one  pair  residences  to  be  erected  on 
Dufferin  street  at  cost  of  $4,000;  J.  Price.  100  Greenwood  avenue, 
has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $3,000;  D.  Gould.  Fenelon 
Falls.  Ont..  has  pliins  drawn  for  residences  to  be  erected  at  49 
Ravina  Crescent.  Toronto,  at  cost  of  $6,000;  E.  B.  Warner.  178 
Campbell  avenue,  is  building  residence  on  Peterboro'  avenue.  T. 
Pattullo.  221  Howard  Park  avenue,  architect;  Dr.  Heftering, 
260  Broadview,  has  awarded  contracts  for  residence  to  be 
erected  on  Broadview  avenue  at  cost  of  $9,500.  architects.  H.vnes. 
Feldman  &  Watson.  105  Bond  street;  Mrs.  N.  E.  Palm,  133  «^x- 


CONSTRUCTION 


211 


borough,  has  awarded  contracts  on  residence  to  be  erected  on 
Lvndhurst  avenue,  at  cost  of  $15,000.  architect  H  J.  Chown, 
2246  yueen  street  east;  W.  Clare,  1759  Dufferm  street,  has  plans 
drawn  for  two  duplex  residences,  to  cost  $11,000;  John  Revie^  211 
Osier  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $2,000.  C.  A. 
Jones.  69  Fairview  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be 
erected  on  Woodslde  avenue,  cost  $2,500:  A.  &  A.  ^.''ant.  '•'J 
l.opan  avenue,  have  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on 
Fulton  avenue,  at  cost  of  $4,000;  J.  I^ee,  172  Morley  avenue,  has 
plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,000;  M.  I..  Kent.  54  Ade- 
laide east,  has  plans  drawn  for  pair  of  residences  to  be  erected 
on  Bathurst  street,  at  cost  of  $5,000;  J  Bennister,  56  Cedarvale 
has  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $2,o00;  Betson  &  lerry  i 
Fenwick  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  pair  residences  to  be 
erected  on  Greenwood  avenue,  at  cost  of  $5,000;  I).  Aluir,  ^i6 
Osier  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  and  garage,  to  cost 
$4,500;  E.  Gagnon  and  N.  Caron.  2359  Queen  street  east,  have 
plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Kingswood  avenue, 
to  cost  $3,000;  A.  M.  Hough.  1666  Queen  street  west,  has  plans 
drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  St.  Clair  avenue,  to  cost 
$5  000  architect.  D.  H.  Burnham.  St.  Clarens  avenue;  W.  Walker 
has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Rosehill  avenue, 
to  cost  $3,000.  architect.  D.  H.  Burnham.  St.  Clarens  avenue; 
W  J  Devins,  51  Bird  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to 
be  erected  on  Lauder  avenue;  Jas.  A.  Shier,  61  Standish,  has 
plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  at  42  Harvie  street. 
cost  $6,000;  P.  Maitland.  71  Badgerow.  has  plans  drawn  for  pair 
of  residences  to  be  erected  on  Dra.vton  avenue,  cost  $5,000;  J. 
Carlisle,  36  Pacific  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be 
erected  at  110  Evelvn  crescent,  cost  $3,500;  F.  J.  Cummings,  2118 
Queen  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  three  residences  to  lie  erected 
on  Bee  avenue,  cost  $10,000;  H.  C.  Bong.  Traders  Bank  Build- 
ing, has  plans  drawn  for  two  residences  to  be  erected  on  Kee- 
watin  avenue,  cost  $6,000;  T.  \V.  Robinson,  11  Evelyn  crescent, 
has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Woodslde  avenue, 
cost  $3,500;  C.  Proctor  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be 
erected  on  Morley  avenue,  cost  $4,500;  B.  H.  Bankin,  124  Hamp- 
ton has  plans  drawn  for  pair  residences  to  be  erected  on  Skip- 
per avenue,  cost  $5,000;  A.  Slightman.  129  Woodbine,  has  plans 
drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $2,200;  Charles  Caldwell.  583  Car- 
law,  has  commenced  work  on  two  pair  residences,  cost  $8,000; 
C  H.  Knapton.  63  Woodbine  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  three 
residences  to  he  erected  at  Kew  Beach,  to  cost  $7,000;  Jas.  S.  R. 
Giftord.  190  Pape  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  pair  of  residences 
to  be  erected  on  Gilliard  avenue,  to  cost  $5,000;  J.  Johnston,  16 
Eaton  avenue,  has  commenced  work  on  pair  of  residences  on 
Drofnas,  near  Woodbine  avenue,  architect,  J.  Bannister;  John 
Meldrum,  Annette  street.  West  Toronto,  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence  to  be  erected  on  Quebec  avenue,  to  cost  $2,500;  F. 
Samlow,  3  Muir  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  pair  of  residences  to 
be  erected  on  Helene  avenue;  R.  D.  Kelgour.  45  Willcocks.  has 
awarded  contracts  for  the  erection  of  residence  and  garage  on 
High  Park  Gardens,  to  cost  $6,000.  architect,  J.  A.  McKenzle, 
Bumsden  Building;  T.  A.  Gibson.  327  Bippincott  street,  has  plans 
drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Blythwood  avenue,  to  cost 
$6,000;  J.  T.  &  H.  Hutson.  350  Palmerston  Boulevard,  has  plans 
drawn  for  two  residences  to  l)e  erected  in  St.  Andrew's  Gar- 
dens, cost  $7,500;  Andrew  Milne.  66  Lamb  avenue,  has  plans 
drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Ashdale  avenue,  to  cost 
$2,500;  Chas.  Caldwell,  419  Wellesley,  has  plans  drawn  for  two 
pair  residences  to  be  erected  on  Kent  road,  at  cost  of  $9,000;  F. 
Fezel.  241  Berkeley  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  alterations  to 
store;  Trust  and  Guarantee.  Ltd..  1627  Dundas  street,  has  plans 
drawn  for  alterations  to  store  on  Dundas  street.  J.  B.  Baker, 
architect;  G.  I.  Hambly.  372  St.  Clarens  avenue,  is  building  pair 
stores  and  flats  on  .St.  Clair  avenue,  to  cost  $o.00C.  W.  G.  Hunt. 
Confederation  Life  Building,  architect;  Wm.  Hughes.  94  Millicent 
street,  has  plans  drawn  for  store  and  residence,  to  cost  $5,000; 
C.  Huff,  905  Broadview,  plans  to  build  store  at  Arlington  and 
St.  Clair,  cost  $15,000;  J.  P.  Turner.  110  Dearborn,  has  plans 
drawn  for  store  and  flats  to  be  erected  at  1291  Danforth  avenue, 
cost  $5,000;  H.  Hicks.  139  Church  street,  is  preparing  plans  for 
store  front  on  Church  street,  near  Wilton;  Jas.  McTamney,  102 
Adelaide  street  east,  is  preparing  plans  for  alterations  to  store 
at  139  Church  street,  architect,  Siddal,  Confederation  Life  Build- 
ing; J.  Douglas,  80  Cawthra  avenue,  has  awarded  contract  to 
C.  T.  Turnbridge.  16  Margueretta  street,  for  construction  of  sun 
room;  G.  Beardmore.  75  St.  George  street,  has  plans  drawn  for 
sun  room;  J.  Enoch  Thompson.  152  Bay  street,  has  awarded  con- 
tract to  Isaac  Pimhlett.  309  Main  street,  for  the  erection  of  three 
residences  on  Battenburg  avenue,  cost  $2,400;  W.  S.  Dinnick,  84 
King  street  east,  has  plans  drawn  for  alterations  to  stores  at  83 
Bioor  street  east;  John  Cooper,  51  Fulton  avenue,  has  plans 
drawn  for  one  pair  residences  to  be  erected  on  Lamb  avenue,  to 
cost  $4,000;  A.  K.  Gregory,  2148  Gerrard  east,  has  plans  drawn 
for  erection  of  residence  at  Ben  Lomand,  cost  $4,000;  Architect 
W.  G.  Hunt.  Confederation  Life  Building,  has  plans  drawn  for 
erection  of  residence  on  Munro  Park  avenue,  cost  $5,000;  Mrs. 
Clara  Lever.  20  Atlas  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  erection  of 
store  and  flats  to  be  erected  at  754  St.  Clair  avenue,  cost  $5,000; 
\V.  M.  lIcEachern  &  Sons,  901  Royal  Bank  Building,  have  called 
for  tenders  on  residence  to  be  erected  at  Gerrard  and  Glen- 
mount;  Wrn  Whitelaw  &  Son.  Indian  Grove,  have  plans  drawn 
for  two  residences  to  he  erected  at  cost  of  $9,000;  W  R.  Levack 
ol9  Roxton  road,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  be  erected  on 
Gothic  avenue,  to  cost  $5,000;  Mrs.  Caroline  Blair.  948  Logan 
avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  erection  of  two  pair  residences  to 
cost  $9,000;  Wilkes  &  Lewis.  Kennedy  avenue,  have  plans  drawn 
for  residence  to  be  erected  on  Kennedy  avenue,  to  cost  $3,000- 
W.  J.  Hill.  133  Hamilton  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  erection 
of  duplex  residence,  to  cost  $5,000;  J.  Cooper.  101  McRoherts 
street,  has  plans  drawn  for  erection  of  store  front  and  addition 
to  residence;  C.  Parker.  609  Dovercourt  road,  has  plans  drawn 
for  residence  to  be  erected,  at  cost  of  $7,000;  G.  N  F'errier  302 
Danforth  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  erection  of  three  stores 
and  apartments,  to  cost  $12,000;  Architect  Sharp.  Board  of 
Education  is  nrenaring  plans  for  apartments  to  lie  erected,  at 
;i'^!!„..?  <'"^"i  "•  ?.  «arfunkel  316  Bathurst  street,  has  plans 
drawn  for  a  teratlons  to  residence  on  Portland  street:  Moore 
*  (.emmell.  14  Kenwood  avenue,  have  plans  drawn  for  one  pair 
residences  to  he  erected  on  Sellers  avenue,  at  cost  of  $4,500;  J. 
h^  ^^r^T'i  "'•O"kniount  road,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to 
be  erected  on  Silver  Birch,  at  cost  of  $3,000;  Architect  W  T 
Burns.  74  Indian  Grove,  has  plans  drawn  for  erection  of  resi- 
dence on  Indian  Grove,  for  J.  A.  Burns.  66  St.  Anne's  road  at 
cost  of  $6,500:  Samuel  Hawkins.  154  Coxwell  avenue!  has  plans 
?I^,"n  ?r  ^'■T."""  ."/  ^I"',"?!'"  residences  at  cost  of  $4,500;  Archii- 
tect  p.  C.  Cotton.  54  Adelaide  street  east,  is  preparing  plans  for 
erection  of  duplex  residence  on  Bathurst  street  for  M  L  Kent 
at  cost  of  $6,000;  Geo.  NichoKson.  61  Clinton  street,  has  plans 
$6™oS'o"  a'^^'^IT  ^-^T  ■•<'«'-^'-"f<'«  "h  HoBton  avenue.  10*^X1 
?l^J?«f  ^^ShJ^'"^'  3»  0«l<mount  road,  has  plans  drawn  for  erec- 
tion of  residence  and  garage  at  cost  of  $4,000;  A.   &  A.  Grant, 


837  Logan  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  erection  of  residence  on 
Playter  crescent,  at  cost  of  $3,500;  M.  H.  Ludwig.  320  Russell 
Hill  road,  has  iilans  drawn  for  addition  to  residence  and  garage, 
architect.  J.  A.  McKenzle.  Lumsden  Building;  J.  A.  Pickering. 
Ruston  road,  has  plans  drawn  for  erection  of  one  pair  of  resi- 
dences, to  cost  $4,000;  Wni.  Wallace,  193  193  St.  Patrick  street, 
has  plans  drawn   for  atlerations  to  .store  front. 

WAINWICK  TOWNSHIP.— W.  Thompson,  Con.  2,  Watford, 
Ont.,  has  plans  drawn   for  erection   of  residence,  to  cost  $3,000. 

WALLACEBURG;  ONT.— H.  Joiner  is  preparing  plans  for 
residence  to  be  erected  on  River  street,  at  cost  of  $3,500. 

WALLACE  TOWNSHIP.— J.  Yungblutt.  Gowanstown,  Ont., 
Is  preparing  plans  for  residence,  to  cost   $4,000. 

WELLAND.  ONT. — B.  Lundy  has  plans  drawn  for  store  to  be 
erected  on   Division  street. 

WINCHESTER.  ONT.— W.  J.  Eraser  is  liuiiding  residence. 

WINDSOR.  ONT. — Victor  Beausoliel  is  preparing  plans  for 
residence  to  cost  $3,000,  architects,  G.  Jacques  &  Co.,  Windsor; 
F.  W.  Wool  worth  Co.  have  secured  site  for  the  erection  of  store 
at    Ouellette    and    London    streets. 

WOODSTOCK,  ONT.— E.  J.  Cole  Co.  have  awarded  contract 
to  A.  J.  McKinney  for  alterations  to  store  on  Dundas  street,  at 
cost  of  $10,500. 


SCHOOLS,    COLLEGES   AND   CHURCHES. 

ADDISON.  ONT.— Architect  B.  Dillon.  Brockville,  has  called 
for  tenders  on  new  church  to  be  erected;  secretary,  J.  Lowe, 
Addison. 

A;vlARANTH  TOWNSHIP.  ONT.— School  Board  have  called 
for  tenders  on  a  new  school;    W.   Sime.   secretary. 

ANTIGONISH.  N.S.— Mt.  St.  Bernards  Ladies'  College  has 
awarded  contract  to  Neil  McNeil  for  additions  to  college. 

AVON.  ONT. — Architect  W.  G.  Murray.  Dominion  Savings 
Bank.  London,  has  awarded  contract  to  Mr.  Craik,  Puttman. 
Ont..  for  the  erection  of  two-room  school  for  Union  S.S.  Nos. 
9  and  14.  cost  $7,500. 

BASSWOOD.  MAN.— School  Board  have  awarded  contract 
to  Worwick  Bros,  for  the  erection  of  new  school,  to  cost  $13,300. 

BEAMSVILLE,  ONT.— Architect  La  Chance,  Hamilton,  is 
preparing  plans  for  new  school,  to  cost  $50,000. 

BERLIN,  ONT. — St.  Peter's  Church  are  preparing  plans  for 
new  Sunday  school,   to  cost  $20,000. 

BIENVILLE.  QUE. — R.  C.  congregation  have  awarded  con- 
tract to  Paquet  &  Goodbout,  St.  Hyacinthe.  for  church  decora- 
tion, to  cost  $22,500;  architect.  P.  Levesque.  115  St.  John  street, 
Quebec. 

BRAMPTON,  ONT.— School  Board  have  called  for  tenders  on 
new  school  to  be  erected;  chairman,  W.  J.  Jackson;  secretary, 
J.   D.  Gordon. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— Separate  School  Board  are  having 
plans  prepared   for  new  school. 

BRIGDEN.  ONT.— Presbyterian  Church  have  called  for  ten- 
ders on  manse;  M.  Galbraith.  chairman. 

BROCKVILLE.  ONT.— School  Board  has  awarded  contracts 
on  alterations  to  school  as  follows:  Contractors.  Horton  &  Mun- 
roe;  Are  escapes.  J.   R.   Smith. 

CALGARY.  ALTA.— Architect  Burrell,  9  Old  Herald  Build- 
ing, has  called  for  tenders  on  new  school  for  R.  C.  School  Board. 
214  Burns  Building;  by-law  has  been  passed  for  the  erection  of 
two  manual  training  buildings  to  cost  $6,000  and  $50,000;  bv-law 
has  been  passed  to  fireproof  Haultain  and  Central  Schools  at 
cost  of  $75,000. 

CAMP  HUGHES.  MAN.— Rev.  F.  Joseph  Arts,  Winnipeg  gar- 
rison, proposes  building  new  frame  church. 

CARADOC  TOWNSHIP.— Arcliitect  L.  Carrothers.  Bank  of 
Toronto.  London,  has  awarded  contract  to  Worthy  &  Tullett. 
London,  for  new  school;  cost  $5,000. 

COALDALE,  ALTA.— Coaldale  Consolidated,  S.  D.  No.  9, 
Alta.,  have  called  for  tenders  on  new  school. 

COCHRANE.  ONT.— A.  McDouglas.  Secretary  School  Board, 
has  called  for  tenders  on  plumbing,  heating  and  Electric  Wiring 
of  school. 

CONQUEST.  SASK— Architects  Storey  &  Van  Egmond.  Re- 
pina,  have  awarded  contract  to  Peter  Wick  for  erection  of  Union 
church,   to  cost  $8,000. 

CREEMORE.  ONT.— Architect  P.  C.  Palim.  Collingwood,  is 
preparing  plans  for  School  Board  for  new  school,  to  cost  $18,000. 

DAWN  TOWNSHIP.— Architect  J.  S.  Eraser.  Wailaceburg. 
has  called  for  tenders  on  school  for  John  Knight,  Wallaceburg; 
cost  $7,000. 

DOMINION  CITY,  MAN.— Architect  F.  R.  Evans.  901  Con- 
federation Life  Building.  Winnipeg,  has  called  for  tenders  on 
new  school,   to  cost  $27,000. 

FR.\NK,  AlyT.V. — School  Trustees  are  to  have  plans  prepared 
for    new    brick    school. 

FORT  SASKATCHEWAN.  SASK.— Secretary  J.  Becker  has 
called  for  tenders  on  new  school  for  S.  D.  No,  296. 

GALT.  ONT. — Architect  Evans  is  preparing  plans  for  new 
school  for  Chairman  W,  S.  McKay.  Board  of  Education,  to  cost 
$40,000:  Chairman  R.  G.  Struthers.  of  Central  Presbyterian 
Church,  has  plans  drawn  for  mission  school:  St.  .\ndrew's  Mis- 
sion have  awarded  contract  to  M.  Watt  for  additions  to  mission: 
.\rchitect  Evans.  Gait,  has  called  for  tenders  on  new  school,  to 
cost  $30,000. 

GRIFFIN.  SASK.— lArchltect  Geo.  Jarrett.  Weyburn.  Sask..  is 
preparing   plans   for   new   school,    to  cost    $6,500. 

HAMILTON,  ONT— Architect  F.  V\^  Warren,  Bank  of  Ham- 
ilton Building,  has  plans  drawn  for  new  church  to  be  erected 
for   Interdenominational.    Mt.    Hamilton,    at   cost  of  $9,000. 

HALIFAX.  N.S.— Architect  W.  J.  Busch.  60  Bedford  row. 
has  called  for  tenders  for  the  completion  of  school  on  Russell 
street:  work  has  commenced  on  new  school:  general  contractors. 
Falconer  &  McDonald.  $84,900:  plumbing.  Farquhar  Bros..  $12,000. 

H.MLEYBURY,  ONT,— Department  of  Education  of  Toronto 
has  plans  drawn  for  erection  of  new  mining  school,  to  cost 
$20,000. 

HUMBERSTONE.  ONT— Protestant  School  Board.  L.  Snider, 
secretary,  have  called  for  tenders  for  completion  of  class  rooms! 

HESPELER.  ONT.— Architect  J.  M.  Cowan.  65  Adelaide  street 
east.  Toronto,  is  preparing  plans  for  new  church  on  Cooper 
street  for  R.   C.   congregation    (Father  Meyer). 


2\2 


CONSTRUCTION 


KINBUHN,  ONT.— Archltpct  J.  P.  McLaren,  104  Simrka 
Blioet,  ottHwii.  has  calleil  for  lendtTB  on  new  gchool  for  8.  S. 
No.   5.    Kltzioy. 

KIN(JST()N.  ONT. — ArchlUM-tii  Shejmrci  &  ChIvIii.  36  Toronto 
Mlrri't,  Toronto,  have  plans  drawn  for  university  library  for 
giiocn'M   University,   to  ooet  IISO.OOO. 

l,.\KONI),  A I,TA.— Secretary  C.  H.  Lafond,  Lafond  S.  I).  No. 
3.:iil4.    .Vllierta,    has  called   for   tenders  on   new  school. 

UAl'KA.  .S.\SK.— Secretary  .1.  Moorchead,  fjaiira  V.O.,  Sask., 
has  called  for  tenders  on  new  school  for  Helena,  S.   !>.   I.TiOZ. 

I.O.VKON,  ONT. — An'hltect  A.  K.  Nutter,  Dominion  Hank 
(.Jhanibers,  has  called  for  tenders  on  new  technical  school,  to  be 
erected  at  cost  of  $250,000;  R.  M.  McBlheran,  Secretary  School 
Board. 

IX)ST  KIVKK.  SASK. — Secretary  R.  L.  Gorge  has  called  for 
tenders  on  new  sciiool  for  KIkhorn.  S.  D.  No.  4,660,  L,oBt  River, 
Sask. 

M.VSONVILl-K,  ONT. — School  lioard  has  called  for  tenders 
on  additions  to  school. 

.McOFtKGOR,  ONT.— Rev.  Pensonalt  Is  preparing  plans  for 
new    school,    to   cost   $7,000. 

.MBVRONNK.  SASK.— Architects  Storey  &  Van  Kgmond,  Re- 
Klna.  have  called  for  tenders  on  new  school  for  S.  U.  No.  3,18!t. 
to  cost  $8,000. 

MO.NTKKAI..  QUK. — Comm.  School  of  Municipalities,  Ootc  des 
Nelaes.  have  plans  drawn  for  new  school  to  cost  $115,000;  Archi- 
tect \j  J  Hlffonesse,  60  Notre  Dame  east,  has  called  for  tenders 
on  new  school  for  R.  C.  School  Hoard  to  cost  $120,000;  Protestant 
School  Hoard  has  s«>cured  site  for  new  school;  Protestant  School 
Board.  36  Helford,  have  plans  drawn  for  new  school,  to  cost 
$6,300. 

MOUNT  ST.  BKRNARD,  N.S. — Mount  St.  Bernard  Academy 
proi>ose  building  new  academy. 

NKTHBRHILL,,  ONT.— U.  Craig.  Secretary  School  Board,  has 
called  for  tenders  for  additions  to  school. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— Architect  J.  A.  Kwart,  415  Booth  Building, 
h,aa  called"  for  tenders  of  new  school. 

PARRY  SOUND,  ONT. — Architects  Angus  &  Angers,  North 
Bay,  have  called  for  tenders  on  new  school;  J.  D.  Broughton, 
Secretary  Scnool  Board. 

PASQUA,  SASK.— Leamington  S.  D.  No.  192,  Pasqua,  Sask., 
have  called  for  tenders  on  new  school. 

POI.NT  GRKY.  B.C. — Provincial  Government  has  appropriated 
$100,000  for  temporary  university  buildings;  plans  to  be  pre- 
pared  by   B.   C.   University. 

PONTKF^X,  SASK.— Architect  J.  E.  Fortln,  Reglna,  has 
awarded  contract  to  Poole  Construction  Co.,  Reglna,  for  new 
church   for  R.   C.   congregation,   to  cost   $15,000. 

PUINCKVILLE.  ONT.— Secretary  K.  P.  Reiley,  School  Board, 
has  called   for   tenders  on   new   school. 

Ql'I'IBEC.  QUK. — Fathers  of  Sacred  Heart  have  plans  drawn 
for  new  school  to  cost  $70,000;  Architects  Tanguay  &  Lebon  are 
preparing  plans  for  college  to  be  erected  on  Chauveau  avenue 
for  De  la  Salle  Brothers,  at  cost  of  $350,000. 

R.\DISSON,  SASK.— Architect  R.  M.  Thompson,  Masonic 
Temple,  Saskatoon,  has  called  for  tenders  on  new  school  for 
Uadlsson  S.   D.   No.   1.351,  Sask. 

RPXIINA.  SASK. — School  Board  has  awarded  contract  to  F.  R. 
Davidson  for  new  school  to  cost  $6,000;  School  Board  has  called 
for  tenders  on  new  four-room  school;  J.  H.  Cunningham,  Alexan- 
der  School,    secretary. 

RIMOUSKl.  QUK.— Architect  P.  Levesque,  115  St.  John  street, 
Quebec,  is  preparing  plans  for  additions  to  Normal  School,  to  be 
erected  for  Ursulines  Sisters,  at  cost  of  $25,000. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B. — Bishop  LeBlanc  is  to  have  plans  prepared 
for  two  new  schools,  cost  $40,000;  School  Board  are  preparing 
plans  for  new  school,   to  cost  $15,000. 

ST.  THOM.\S.  ONT. — Architect  T.  J.  Findlay  has  called  for 
tenders  on    new   Sunday  school    for   Centre   Baptist   Church. 

S.MINIA,  ONT.— .\rchitects  S.  B.  Coon  &  Son,  Ryrie  Build- 
ing, Toronto,  have  called  for  tenders  for  new  school  to  be  erected 
for  .Sarnia    School    Board,   at   cost  of  $35,000. 

SCOTTDALK,  ALT  A. —Secretary  W.  Wagar  has  called  for 
tenders  on  new  school  for  Rapid  S,  D.  No.  3,306. 

SILVEUDALK,  B.C.— Department  of  Public  Works,  Victoria, 
B.C..   have  called   for   tenders  on   school,   to  cost  $7,000. 

STANSTKAI>  PLAIN,  QUE.— Chairman  of  Building  Com- 
mittee T.  J.  Norris  is  prei:iaring  plans  for  new  church  for  R.  C. 
congregation,   to  cost   $1S.OOO. 

STK.\TFORD.  ONT.— Central  Methodist  Church  plan  to  make 
church  improvements  to  cost  $15,000. 

SUDBURY.  ONT. — Architect  V.  L.  Morgan  has  called  for 
tender's  on  alterations  for  school.  J.  Fowler,,  Secretary  School 
Hoard:  School  Board  propose  building  new  school,  to  cost  $40,000. 

SWANSON.  SASK— Secretary  W.  G.  Grigg  has  called  for 
tenrier.s  on   new  .school   for  .S.   D.    1,756,  Swanson. 

TVISTOCK.  ONT— Architect  J.  S.  Russell.  Stratford,  Is  pre- 
paring plans  for  school  addition  for  Tavistock  School  Board,  to 
lost  $10,000:  Evangelical  Church  are  preparing  plans  for  new 
parsonage,    to  cost    $4,000. 

THOKNDALE.  O.N'T.— Architects  Watt  &  Blackwell,  London, 
an-   preparing   plans  for   new   school,    to  cost  $25,000. 

■n.MMINS.  ONT.— T.  M.  Wilson.  Secretary  School  Board,  has 
called  for  tenders  on  new  six-room  school. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Architect  Hryon  Chadwick,  71  Howland 
fivcnvie,  is  preparing  plans  for  new  Anglican  church  to  be  erect- 
ed at  Davenport  and  Dovercourt:  Architect  C.  J.  Reid.  Con- 
federation Life  Building,  has  awarded  contracts  for  new  two- 
room  .school,  to  cost  $!l.307.  as  follows;  Masonrv,  J.  McGlue; 
carpentering.  1).  &  M.  J.  Madden;  painting.  J.  O'Connor;  plaster- 
ing. W.  J.  Porter:  roollng,  A.  Mattliews;  structural  steel  work. 
Held  H  Brown;  iilumbing,  W.  McGuire.  Ltd.;  heating,  D.  Millar: 
electric  work.  Canada  Electric  Wiring:  concrete  work.  W. 
HrmiMeconibe.  Architect  C,  J.  Reid  has  awarded  contracts  on 
new  St.  Monica's  .School,  four  rooms,  cost  $24,220.  as  follows: 
Masonry.  W.  Mjinley:  concrete  work,  W.  Brimblecombe:  carpen- 
tering and  pla.stering.  1).  &  M.  J.  Madden:  painting.  J.  W.  Mor- 
gan: roolHig.  A.  Ityan:  structural  steel  work.  McGregor  &  Mc- 
Intyre:  plunfliine.  J.  MoGuire.  Ltd.:  heating.  P.  E.  Regan;  elec- 
tric work.  CaiiKda  Electric  Wiring.  Davisville  Baptist  Mission, 
r.   .\.  (illy,  have  plans  drawn   for  new  mission  hall  to  be  erected 


on  Davisville  avenue,  at  cost  of  $4,000.  Work  has  commenced 
on  new  church  and  Sunday  school  to  cost  $10,000  for  Pauline 
.Methodist  Church,  Kew  Beach;  Architects  Hurk,  Horwood  & 
White. 

VILLK  ST,  LKONARD,  QUK.— Architect  K.  Montbrland,  232 
St.  Andre  street,  .Montreal,  has  called  for  tenders  on  new  gchool 
to  be  erected  for  Cote  St.   Michel  Municipal  Schools. 

VICTORIA,  B.C.— Architect  C.  K.  Walking  lg  prepaHng  plans 
for  new  gchool  to  be  erected  on  King's  road,  cost  $25,000. 

WKLDO.N,  SASK.— Mayor  Knox,  Prince  Albert,  has  called 
for  tenders  on   new  school,  to  cost  $16,000. 

WELLAND,  ONT.— Architect  Major  Miller,  Toronto,  has 
plans  drawn  for  new  hall  for  Salvation  Army,  cost  $10,000. 

WKST  SALISBURY  P.O.,  ALTA.— Secretary  F.  B.  Haythorne 
has  cjilled  for  tenders  on  new  school  for  .Salisbury  S.  D.  No. 
530,   Alberta. 

WILLMONT,  SASK.— Rev.  F.  E.  Lawrence,  Fulda,  of  St. 
John's  congregation,  has  called  for  tenders  on  new  church. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— Architect  J.  C.  Pennington  lg  preparing 
revised  plans  for  Collegiate  Institute,  to  cost  $200,000. 

WOLFE  ISLAND,  ONT.— Work  has  commenced  on  new 
Sacred  Heart  Church;  Power  &  Son,  Kingston,  architects;  Mr. 
Cheyne,   Wolfe   Island,  contractor. 

YOHKTO.V,  SASK.— Redemptorlst  Order  propose  building 
boarding  school  on  Ontario  street,  to  cost  $40,000. 

YOITNGSTOWN,  ALTA.— Architect  D.  Hardle,  Edmonton, 
has  awarded  contract  to  Alberta  School  Supply  Co.  for  the  erec- 
tion of  new   school,    to  cost   $18,000,   for  School   Board. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

.\LBERTA. — Reglna  Co-operative  Elevator  Co.  have  awarded 
contract  to  Thomas-Jamleson-.McKenzie  Co.,  Calgary,  for  the 
erection  of  seven  elevators  at  following  locations;  Coronation, 
Kirriemuir,  Bulwark,  on  C.P.R.;  Walnwrlght,  Kiiraella  and 
Rlliston,  on  G.T.P.,  and  .Scottleld,  on  C..\.H, 

HRA.NDON,  .MAN.— -Vrchitect  Wm.  Fingland,  Winnipeg,  is 
preparing  plans  for  new  telephone  building  for  Brandon  Tele- 
phone Co.,  to  cost  $60,000. 

CHATHAM,  ONT.— Dominion  Sugar  Co..  Wallaceburg,  has 
awarded  contract  to  Chatham  Construction  Co.  tor  erection  of 
storage  buildings,   to  cost  $25,000. 

ELDERSLEF:  TOWNSHIP.— J.  Dudgeon,  R.R.  No.  1,  Dobbing- 
ton,  Ont.,  is  preparing  plans  for  stock  buildings,  to  cost  $5,000. 

EL.MIHA,  O.NT.— KImIra  Planing  Mill  Co.  are  preparing 
plans  for   planing  mill   to  cost  $12,000. 

FOREST,  O.NT.— H.  Fraleigh  is  preparing  plans  for  addition 
to  Hax  mill,  to  cost  $7,000. 

GALT,  ONT. — City  Council  have  called  for  tenders  for  barn, 
to  be  erected  on  Wellington  street;  J.  McCartney,  clerk. 

KAMLOOPS,  B.C.— Maple  Leaf  Mfllling  Co.,  Toronto,  have 
plans  drawn  for  grain  elevators  to  be  erected. 

LA.MBTON  PARK.  ONT.— J.  Brand,  153  Station  D.,  Toronto, 
Secretary  School  Board,  has  called  for  tenders  for  Iron  gates. 

LINDS.AY,  0.\T. — Horn  Bros,  have  called  for  tenders  on 
woolen   mills,  to  cost  $15,000. 

LONDON,  ONT. — Dr.  C.  A.  Cllve,  507  Queens  avenue,  has 
plans  drawn  to  rebuild  livery  barns  destroyed  by  lire,  cost  $5,000; 
L.  Frick  &  Son  will  rebuild  planing  mill  destroyed  by  (Ire. 

MARKHAM,  ONT. — Company  Is  being  formed  to  erect  flour 
mill  at  cost  of  $60,000;  interested,  D.  E.  Jones;  plans  to  be  pre- 
pared. 

MEDICINE  HAT,  ALTA.— Lake  of  the  Woods  Milling  Co.,  W. 
A.  Matheson,  Winnipeg,  general  manager,  have  awarded  contract 
to  Carter,  Halls,  Aldinger  Co.  for  flour  mill,  to  cost  $200,000. 

MONTRFIAL,  QUE.— Montreal  Jockey  Club,  11  St.  Sacrement, 
have  plans  drawn  for  grand  stand,  to  be  erected  at  Blue  Bon- 
net  race   track,   to  cost   $42,000. 

MONT  JOLI,  QUE.— Architect  P.  Levesque,  115  St.  John 
street,  Quebec,  is  pret>arlng  plans  for  La  Banque  Natlonale, 
Quebec,  for  branch  bank,  to  cost  $15,000. 

NOVA  SCOTL\.— Valley  Railway  Co.  have  awarded  contract 
to  Nova  Scotia  Construction  Co.,  Thomas  Cozzollno,  Sydney, 
N.S.,    manager,    for   railway   from  Gagetown   to  Westlield. 

ORANGEVILLE,  ONT.— Duflrerin  Agricultural  Society  has 
called  for  tenders  for  barn. 

OUTRBMONT,  P.Q.— ^Permit  has  been  granted  -to  W.  Du- 
ciuette  to  erect  garage  at  Laurier  and  Durocher,  to  cost  $50,000. 

PETROLIA,  ONT.— Russell  .Soper,  Sarnia,  Ont.,  has  plans 
drawn  for  the  Crown  Savings  Bank  for  bank  building,  to  cost 
$15,000. 

PICNIC,  SASK.— Grahame  Ghatsworth  R.  T.  Co.,  secretary, 
W.  Rooke,  have  called  for  tenders  on  telephone  line  extensions; 
Cedoux,  Sask.,  R.  T.  Co.,  secretary,  C.  Bierma,  has  called  for 
tenders  on   telephone  line   extensions. 

PORT  ARTHUR,  ONT.— Davidson-Smith  Co.  have  awarded 
contract  to  Barrett  McQueen  Co.  to  erect  elevator  at  cost 
$300,000. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B.— Department  of  Railways,  Ottawa,  F.  P. 
Gutelius,  manager,  are  preparing  specifications  for  grain  ele- 
vator. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— .\rchitects  Curry  &  Sparling,  105  Bond 
street,  have  awarded  contracts  for  masonry.  Small  wood  Bros.; 
carpentering.  Cox  &  Cumming.  for  alterations  to  building  for 
Central  Press  .\gency,  cost  $8,000;  A.  A.  Marshall,  507  Daven- 
port road,  has  plans  drawn  for  planing  mill  to  be  erected  at  13 
.Somerset;  Murray-Kay  Co.,  Ltd.,  propose  building  new  depart- 
mental store;  T.  Eaton  Co.  have  called  for  tenders  on  garage 
and  warehouse  to  be  erected  on  Terauley  street,  engineers,  Wm. 
Steele  &  Son,  Ryrie  Building,  Toronto:  J.  M.  Ferrier,  302  Dan- 
forth  avenue,  has  called  for  tenders  on  garage;  F.  S.  Mallory, 
65  Adelaide  street  east,  has  plans  drawn  for  machine  shop  to  be 
erected  for  Brandon  Shell  Co.,  614  Dominion  Bank  Building,  at 
108  Vine  street,  cost  $5,000;  Toronto  Harbor  Commissioners,  50 
Bay  street,  have  plans  drawn  for  machine  shop  to  be  erected  on 
harbor  front;  C.  W.  Spinks.  Kew  Beach,  has  plans  drawn  for 
dancing  pavilion,  to  cost  $5,000,  to  be  erected  at  Kew  Beach; 
Architects  Hynes.  Feldman  &  Watson.  105  Bond  street,  have 
plans  drawn  for  sun  room  to  be  erected  for  Norman  Little,  164 
Dunn  avenue;  A.  H.  Hessian,  33  Kendall  avenue,  has  plans 
drawn  for  sun  room. 


I/ 


July,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  7 


CONTENTS 

ST.    DENIS    THEATRE.    MONTREAL    215 

HEATING   AND   VENTILATING    BY   WARM    AIR    FURNACES    223 

ADMINISTRATION      BUILDING.      HYDRO- ELECTRIC     COMMISSION 227 

REINFORCED    CONCRETE    OFFICE    BUILDING 233 

INSULATION     AGAINST     HEAT     AND     COLD     _ 235 

CONSTRUCTION    OVERSEAS    BATTALION     236 

EDITORIAL    23/ 

Remedying  Conditions After  the  War. 

ARCHITECTURAL   DIGEST    238 

CONSTRUCTION   NEWS   239 


Full    Page    Illustrations 

FRONTISPIECE— RESIDENCE    OF    JAMES    DUNSMUIR,    VICTORIA,    B.C.       214 


H.    GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

GRAPHIC  ARTS  BLDG.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

BRANCH  OFFICES 


MONTREAL 


NEW  YORK 


St.  Denis  Theatre,  Montreal 


To  find  a  new  bnilding,  planned  as  the  result 
of  an  infinite  amount  of  study  and  patient 
supervision,  designed  with  due  regard  to  its 
artistic  effect,  and  in  the  spirit  of  independence 
of  the  influence  of  architectural  i)recedents; 
executed  with  the  best  materials,  and  handled 
by  skilled  workmen,  and  built  for  the  edification 
of  the  public,  is  seldom  the  fortune  of  an  archi- 
tectural critic.  Such  is  the  new  St.  Denis 
Theatre. 

It  is  located  in  that  portion  of  Montreal 
favored  by  the  French-Canadian  as  a  residential 
.section,  and  mainly  for  their  use,  yet  so  readily 
accessible  from  other  parts 
of  the  city,  and  though 
now  used  mainly  as  a 
"moving-picture"  theatre, 
is  so  arranged  and  equip- 
ped that  it  can  be  readil>' 
converted  for  theatrical 
performances  or  for  oper- 
atic productions. 

The  growth  in  popular- 
ity of  moving-i)icture  en- 
tertainments during  the 
past  twenty  years  has  bee  i 
one  of  the  most  remark- 
able j)henomena  of  modern 
life,  and  to  satisfy  the  de- 
mand a  great  number  of 
buildings  have  been  con- 
structed, or,  in  many  cases, 
altered,  so  that  now  the 
dailj'  attendance  is  equiva- 
lent to  one  in  twenty  of  the 
total  population  of  the 
country. 

The  great  demand  in  the 
earlier  history  of  the  busi- 
ness resulted  in  the  erec- 
tion of  a  cheap  and  infer- 
ior design  of  building,  and 
it  is  not  easy  to  find  examples  now  that  rise 
above  mediocrity.  The  causes  of  this  are 
obvious  enough,  the  princi])al  ones  being  the 
vulgar  taste  of  the  great  majority  of  own- 
ers and  their  disinclination  to  i)ay  the  com- 
mission denuxnded  by  a  competent  architect. 
The  artistic  (piality  of  these  buildings  has 
been  further  degraded  by  certain  firms  of  decor- 
ators who  specialize  in  this  type  of  work  and  are 
generally  cheap  and  trashy  and  usually  over- 
ornate. 

Furthermore,  from  a  mechanical  ]ioint  of 
view,  moving  pictuie  theatres  are  liiglily  defec- 
tive, due  to  lack  of  attention  to  the  technical  fea- 


tures necessary  to  their  construction,  especially 
with  regard  to  fireproof  qualities  and  ventila- 
tion. 

The  St.  Denis  Theatre,  however,  is  one  of  the 
most  modern  types  of  building  adapted  to  this 
particular  amusement,  and  planned  in  such  a 
manner  that  the  public  is  safeguarded  in  every 
respect.  The  building  is  constructed  with  a  steel 
frame,  nearly  five  hundred  tons  of  material  be- 
ing required,  fireproofed  with  concrete,  and  the 
walls  of  solid  brick  masonry;  ample  exit  and 
commodious  entrances  are  furnished,  and  the 
comfort  of  the  patrons  foreseen  by  spacious  re- 


CEILING   DETAIL,   ST.   DENIS  THEATRE,    MONTREAL. 


tiring  rooms,  an  ice  water  plant  and  perfect  ven- 
tilation. The  latter  system  is  most  complete; 
fresh  air  is  "inhaled"  from  the  roof  level  to  the 
basement,  passing  through  heating  coils,  and 
then  through  an  air-washer — cleansing  the  air 
from  all  impurities— and  forced  by  fans  through 
a  sanitary  plenum  chamber  under  the  audi- 
torium and  gallery,  and  eventuality  through 
nmshroom  ventilating  bends  under  the  seats,  the 
circulation  being  further  accelerated  by  large 
ventilating  suction  fans  on  roof,  maintaining  a 
constant  current  of  pure  tempei'ed  air  through- 
out the  building. 

21. S 


2\6 


CONSTRUCTION 


CEXKliAL    I.ViKl.ll.H    \  IKW,    .ST.    DENI.S    THEATRE^    MONTREAL. 

The  stage  section  is  equipped  with  a  sprinkler 
system,  and  can  be  instantly  separated  from  the 
tlieatre  by  an  automatic  fireproof  curtain,  as 
well  as  a  water  curtain. 

In  regard  to  the  exteriordesig^nof  the  building, 
the  main  shaft  of  the  e.xterior  of  the  auditorium 
has  been  treated  with  a  warm  vellow  tone  face 


BAROTT,    BLACKADER    &    WEBSTER,   ARCHITECTS. 

brick,  laid  in  rusticated  courses,  and  the  upper 
section  in  panels  enriched  with  polychrome  terra 
cotta  ornament.  The  main  portico,  ornamented 
with  dull  green  Tonic  pilaster  surmounted  with  a 
pediment  and  flanked  on  either  side  witli  an 
arcade  containing  small  shops,  all  of  the  pre- 
vailing yellow  tone. 


CONSTRUCTION 


217 


One  enters  the  theatre  through  the  outer  vesti- 
bule, the  walls  of  which  are  lined  with  green  and 
gold  mosaic,  with  a  siuii)le  vaulted  ceiling.  The 
inner  vestibule  is  about  thirty  feet  sciuare,  the 


easy  access  to  the  balcony  at  its 
various  levels.  As  you  attain  your 
seat  on  either  of  the  ground  or  gal- 
lery levels,  you  realize  that  every- 


SEKTION  ON   LONGITUDINAL  PLAN,   ST.   DENIS  THEATRE. 


walls  lined  with  faience  tile  in  panels,  separated 
by  Ionic  pilasters  supporting  a  simple  cornice, 
and  over  all  a  central  dome  decorated  in  stencil 
ornament  and  monotone  color,  the  dome  being 
pierced  with  lunettes  and  windows,  enabling  the 
management  to  oversee  the  operation  of  the 
"front  of  the  house"  from  the  offices  over  the 
vestibule. 

One  is  impressed  upon  entering  the  theatre 
with  the  general  feeling  of  spaciousness  and 
huge  span  of  the  gallery.  On  either  side  of  the 
foyer  a  wide  marble  staircase  invites  you  by 


thing  possible  has  been  done  for  the  comfort  of 
the  theatre-goer.  The  air  is  fresh,  there  is  no 
disturbing  noise,  the  lighting  subdued,  and 
eventually  you  observe  that  there  is  no  sense 
of  oppression  from  over-oniamentation;  the 
walls  and  ceilings  are  "decorated"  in  low  ap- 
plied relief  of  the  Adams  School,  and  the  color 
has  been  applied  in  such  a  manner  as  to  blend 
with  the  ornament  in  a  harmonious  warm  golden 
tone,  monotony  being  avoided  by  spots  of  color 
in  the  panels  consisting  of  interesting  sketches 
to  enliven  the  attention. 


niONT  ELEVATION,  8T.  DENIS  THEATRE,   MONTREAL. 


BAROTT,    BLACKADER    &    WEBSTER,   ARCHITECTS. 


218 


CONSTRUCTION 


VIEW    FROM    BALCONY,    ST.    DENIS   THEATRE,    MONTREAL. 

Tlu>  central  portion  of  the  main  ceilinsj;  is 
pierced  by  a  dome  forty  feet  in  diameter,  painted 
a  deep  soft  blue,  enriched  with  zodiacal  signs  and 
glittering  stars  in  gold,  and  the  balance  of  the 
geometrically'designed  ceiluig  is  in  white,  here 


BRONZE  TICKET  BOOTH,   ST.  DENIS   THEATRE,   MONTREAL. 

and  there  enriched  with  color  recalling  the  tone 
of  the  main  walls. 

The  hangings  and  npholstery  are  of  turquoise 
blue,  with  golden  fringe;  the  seats  of  a  dark 
mahogany  tone ;  the  lighting  fixtures  are  not  dis- 
eernable  until  you  make  a  point  of  looking  for 
them,  and  you  then  note  they  are  of  crystal 
beads,  thereby  eliminating  the  heavy  masses 
which  heretofore  have  been  the  objectionable 
feature  of  theatre  lighting. 

Concealed  from  view  in  the  orchestra  pit  and 
over  the  proscenium  boxes  a  large  organ  has 
been  installed  and  ()i)eratod  from  a  central  key- 
boMrd  in  the  orchestra  pit. 

Over  the  proscenium  arch  in  the  covered  panel 


TRANSVERSE  SECTION. 


VESTIBLLK,   ST.    DE.VIS   THKATRK,    MONTREAL. 


CONSTRUCTION 


219 


GROUND  FLOOR   PLAN. 


is  a  large  allegorical  painting  ty])ifying  the  vari- 
ous features  of  the  stage,  and  reminiscent  of 
^Montreal  in  the  background,  all  cleverly  illumin- 
ated by  concealed  lighting. 

Our  only  criticism  is  that  of  the  inevitable  elec- 
tric sign,  which  is  as  usual  a  hideous  excrescence 
on  the  exterior  of  the  building,  but  presumably 
the  architects  could  not  control  this  commercial 
necessity. 


BUILDING  MATERIAL  SHORT- 
AGE IN   NETHERLANDS 

At  a  meeting  in  Amsterdam  of  an  associa- 
tion of  employers  and  workmen  in  the  building 
industry,  gloomy  reports  were  made  regarding 
the  supply  of  timber  for  building  purposes. 
Holland  has  more  woodlands  than  most  for- 
eigners suppose,  but  they  are  far  from  sufficient 


BASEMENT  PLAN^  ST.   DENIS  THEATRE,   MONTREAL. 


220 


CONSTRUCTION 


UI.CO.NV.    SMIIWINC     MriiAI.    DECORATION'S,    ST.    UE.NIS    THEATRE,     MONTREAL. 

to  supply  tlio  noc'ds  of  the  country  for  building 
timber,  ami  witliout  imjiorts  from  other  coun- 
trie.-*  few  houses  could  be  built  in  the  Nether- 
liuids. 

Ill  the  opinion  of  the  association  of  builders 
the  situation  is  serious.  Timber  is  now  imjiort- 
ed  from  (Jermany,  Sweden,  and  Norway.  The 
quantity  obtainable  is  snudl,  and  most  of  it  is 


BAROTT,    BLAC'KAIIER    &    WEBSTER,    ARCHITECTS. 

of  inferior  (luality.  Continued  supplies  from 
(lermany  cannot  be  relied  upon,  the  association 
lielieves,  as  the  (lerman  Government  has  need 
of  the  surplus  timber  and  will  pay  a  higher 
l)rice  than  this  country  has  paid. 

The  building-  association  gives  warning  that 
unless  relief  measures  are  taken  the  supph^  of 
wood  most  needed  for  construction  work  will 


CONSTRUCTION 


221 


KIRST    MEZZANINE    FLOOR    PLAN,    ST.    DENIS    THEATRE,    MONTREAL. 


SECOND   MEZZANINE   FLOOR  PLAN,   ST. 'DENIS    THEATRE,    MONTREAL. 


be  exhausted  within  a  few  months  and  great 
stagnation  and  unemployment  in  the  buikling 
trades  may  be  expected.  Already  several 
woodworking  factories  have  ceased  operations. 
This  situation  suggests  that  American 
manufacturers  and  exporters  of  building  ma- 
terials miglit  profitably  give  renewed  and 
s])ecial  attention  to  the  Dutch  market,  with  a 
view  to  both  the  present  and  the  future. 


MEASURES  AIMED  AT  WHITE= 

PINE  BLISTER  RUST 

The  white-pine  blister  rust  has  reached  a 
stage  where,  according  to  specialists  of  the 
United  States  De|)artment  of  Agriculture, 
energetic  action  is  im))erative  if  the  disease  is 
to  be  controlled.  Not  only  is  all  of  the  eastei'n 
white  pine  threatened  already,  but  there  is  little 


PLAN  OF  BALCONY,  ST.  UENIS  THEATRE,  MONTREAL, 


222 


CONSTRUCTION 


■»  "* 


UPPEK  BALCONY,  ST.    DENIS  THEATRE,    MONTREAL. 


doubt  that  if  rigid  State  quarantines  do  not 
sto})  it  the  infection  ultimately  will  ravage  the 
groat  forests  of  the  West. 

The  mature  white  pine  in  the  Eastern  States 
is  valued  at  aijproximately  $186,000,000.  In 
the  West  the  mature  stands  of  sugar  and  west- 
ern white  pine  are  valued  at  $240,000,000.  In 
Fanners'   Bulletin   742,   a  new  publication  of 


tlie  "Department  of  Agri- 
culture, it  is  declared  that 
each  State  west  of  the 
.Missouri  River  should  pro- 
hibit immediately  all  ship- 
iiients  from  the  East  of  .")- 
needle  pines  or  of  currants 
and  gooseberries,  which 
play  an  important  i)art  in 
the  transmission  of  the  di- 
sease. 


The  Canadian  })usiness 
of  Estey  iiros.,  manufac- 
turers of  ornamental  iron 
and  bronze  work  of  4  St. 
Ceciie  St.,  Montreal,  has 
been  taken  over  by  Ijym- 
burner,  Ltd.,  of  Montreal, 
and  will  be  operated  by 
tliem  as  their  architectural 
ironwork  department.  The 
offices  will  be  consolidated 
as  soon  as  the  new  build- 
ing under  construction  on 
St.  Paul  St.  has  been  com- 
pleted.   Mr.  Park  Bishop, 


formerly  manager  of  Estey  Bros.,  will  continue 
as  manager  of  this  de])artment. 


HALr  PLAN    OF  AUDITORIUM    PLAN,   ST.   DENIS   THEATRE,    MONTREAL. 


Heating  and  Ventilating  by  Warm  Air  Furnaces 


By  David  Millar,  Heating  Engineer. 


TllEliE  cire  a  number  of  things  which  should 
have  consideration  from  the  owner  of  any 
building  to  be  occupied  by  Imnian  beings  whicli 
is  to  be  heated,  and  in  order  of  importance  they 
are  as  follows :  1st,  ITealthfulness ;  2nd,  Ventil- 
ation; 3rd,  Humidity;  4tli,  Economy  of  Oper- 
ation; 5th,  Proper  Installation. 

Healthfuluess  is  certainly  the  prime  consider- 
ation in  the  installation  of  any  system  of  heat- 
ing and  the  consensus  of  opinion  at  the  i)rcsent 
time,  of  physicians  and  by  laymen  who  are  best 
qualified  to  judge  is  that  heating  by  warm  air 
is  the  most  healthful  of  all  systems. 

Your  heater  is  the  only  practical  mechanism 
for  rectifvins-  the  indoor  conditions  during  the 


To  excel  in  i)ersonal 


devel  op- 


rectifying 
cold  half-year, 
ment,  a  family 
needs  the  best 
of  air,  day  and 
night ;  any  man 
or  woman  fully 
realizes  that 
fresh  air  is  ab- 
solutely essen- 
tial to  good 
iiealth.  Then 
why  are  so 
many  h  o  m  o  s 
poorly  ventilat- 
ed, or  worse 
still,  not  ventil- 
ated at  all,  ex- 
cept in  warm 
weather!  Cer- 
tainly the  med- 
ical profession 
has  done  all  in 
its  power  to 
awaken  home 
owTiers  to  the  dangers  of  bad  air,  but  year  after 
year,  as  cold  weather  ai)proaclies,  ])eople  close 
uj)  their  doors  and  windows  tight  until  s]n'ing; 
then  follows  a  wave  of  colds,  headaches,  catarrh, 
tonsil itis,  bronchitis,  pneumonia,  and  tubercul- 
osis, which  cause  incalculable  suffering  and  ex- 
pense. Air  isn't  fit  for  breathing  puri)oses  un- 
less it  is  fresh,  and  few  peo])le  realize  how  cpiick- 
ly  fresh  air  becomes  bad.  Many  a  man,  woman 
and  child  po.ssesses  health  but  lacks  vitality, 
lacks  energy,  lacks  vim.  What  builds  power 
and  vitality?  Plenty  of  food,  water,  exercise, 
rest  and  fresh  air. 

The  system  of  heating  with  warm  air  involves 
the  introduction  into  the  building  of  fresii,  pure 
air  from  the  outside  into  a  fresh  air  room  with 


FIGURE    1. 


filter  screens,  which  passes  through  ducts,  then 
over  the  heated  surfaces  of  the  furnace,  and  is 
discharged  into  the  rooms  to  be  heated  through 
air  conducting  pipes  and  registers.  Such  method 
of  heating  appeals  to  common  sense  as  being  ab- 
solutely the  best  that  has  been  devised  up  to  the 
present  time,  as  it  is  the  only  method  by  wliich 
pure  air  is  introduced  into  the  building  with  the 
single  exception  of  indirect  steam  or  hot  water 
heating,  which  are  rarely  installed  owing  to  the 
very  great  first  cost  and  often  expense  in  fuel, 
wliich  make  them  practically  ])rohibitive  to  per- 
sons of  moderate  means.  It  is  clearly  apparent 
that  there  are  three  functions  in  addition  to 
heating  incumbent  in  an  efficient  heatng  sys- 
tem, viz.,    It  must    supply    the    home  with  an 

abundance     o  f 
pure  fresh  air, 
a    proper   rela- 
tive humidity,  it 
must  force  out 
the  old  air  be- 
fore it  becomes 
"dead"  and  it 
must    do    it    so 
rapidly  that  the 
air  of  the  home 
will  not  become 
dry      through 
super  -  heating. 
Any      heating- 
system  w  h  i  c  h 
fails    to    fulfill 
these  functions 
is  not  only  tot- 
ally   inefficient, 
but    decidedly 
imhealthful.    A 
proper    warm 
fulfils  these  func- 
continuous 
the    home, 
five    times 
a    man    to 


air  svstem  with  ventilation 


tions    by    giving 
stream    of    fresh 
changing    the    air 
everv    hour.      It 


I    constant    and 

air    throughout 
from    three    to 

is  i)ossible  for 
live  three  weeks  without  food,  three  days  with- 
out water,  and  three  minutes  without  air.  This 
simple  statement  of  a  well-known  fact,  should 
make  it  quite  clear  that  air,  fresh,  pure  air,  is 
the  most  important  element  in  the  world  for  sus- 
taining life.  We  have  jnire  food  laws,  and  their 
enforcement  is  upheld  by  a  strong  public  senti- 
ment, but  it  would  be  vastly  more  beneficial  to 
the  people  to  enact  and  enforce  pure  air  laws. 
For  one  person  who  is  injured  by  eating  adul- 
terated food,  a  thousand  suffer  from  breathing 


223 


.'J4 


CO.WSTRUCTION 


O.'i-t.-     ■■  1.1  ■■■■■■■■■UN —■■.'■;   ■■'tJ.'-.j.lM  ' <     .J. 


FIGURE  2.     ■ 

impure  air.  Scientific  tests  show  that  the  aver- 
a,a:e  person  consumes  the  oxygen  in  24  cubic  feet 
of  !iir  every  minute. 

V('iifiI(itioii  —  \s  the  process  of  changing  and 
renewing  the  air  in  a  building  so  tiiat  it  may  be 
preserved  in  a  state  of  sufficient  purity  to  be 
iiealthrul  for  breatliing  [)urposes;  in  fact,  it  is 
even  more  essentia!  to  healtli  than  heating.  We 
could  |)ossibly  manage  to  exist  even  in  compara- 
tively cold  climates,  without  artificial  heat;  but, 
whether  our  houses  are  heated  or  not,  if  our 
rooms  were  ])erfectly  tight,  so  that  ventilation 
would  l)e  entirely  absent,  all  occupants  would 
(piickly  perish. 

While  it  is  one  of  the  great  merits  of  the  warm 
air  system,  that  it  is  impossible  to  heat  a  build- 
ing under  this  system  without  at  the  same  time 
(•hanging  or  revolving  the  air  in  it,  yet  the  heat- 
ing is  ]uore  surely  and  successfully  accom[)lish- 
ed  and  ventilation  is  much  more  adecjuate,  cer- 
tain and  sanitary,  when  a  formal  system  of  ven- 
tilation is  installed  as  a  part  of  the  heating 
plant.  It  is  not  necessary,  however,  to  take  the 
entire  supply  of  air  from  withoirt,  but  no  part 
of  the  air  su))i)ly  should  come  from  the  base- 
ment. It  is  essential  tliat  sufficient  fresh  air 
from  without  the  building  be  furnished  to  re- 
l)lace  tlie  vitiated  air  thrown  out  by  the  occu- 
pants. 

Almost  all  cities  and  towns  enforce  strict 
rules  regarding  plumbino:,  with  the  purpose  of 
preventing  those  who  erect  building  from  instal- 
ling (U'fectivo  or  unsanitary  plumbing  work.    It 


is  of  niucli  greater  imi)ortance  to  the  public  that 
municipalities  siiould  enact  and  enforce  correct 
rules  for  heating  and  ventilation,  so  well  estab- 
lished is  the  fact,  that  school  boards  in  building 
school  houses,  almo.st  everywhere  now  re<piire 
the  inflow  of  lU)  cubic  feet  of  fresh  air  per  min- 
ute per  i)Upil;  and  a  corresi)onding  out-flow  of 
the  same  amount  of  "dead  air."  So  is  there 
any  reason  why  a  child  or  the  mother  should  be 
foived  to  live  in  a  home  that  lacks  the  same 
health-giving  e(|uipment  as  the  school-room? 

Ilumiditii.  — On  the  subject  of  humidity,  which 
is  a  vital  one  from  the  standpoint  of  health, 
while  the  atmosphere  of  our  houses  in  winter, 
when  aitificial  heating  is  necessary,  if  not  de- 
void of  humidity,  approaches  it  so  close  as  to  be 
very  injurious  to  health. 

During  the  heating  season  the  air  in  houses  is 
entirely  too  dry,  no  matter  wluit  .system  of  heat- 
ing is  operated.  The  dryness  of  the  indoor  air 
varies  with  the  difference  between  the  outdoor 
and  imloor  temperature. 

The  average  outdoor  relative  humidity  dur- 
ing the  healthy  season  is  about  ().")  per  cent.  The 
average  indoor  humidity  is  about  22  per  cent., 
and  in  zero  it  falls  as  low  as  12  ))er  cent.  All 
medical  and  scientific  experts  are  agreed  that 
the  indoor  relative  linmidity  should  never  be 
permitted  to  fall  below  40  per  cent.,  and  they  are 
further  agreed  that  atmosphere  with  a  relative 
humidity  of  55  ]ier  cent,  to  (55  jier  cent,  is  best 
for  human  inspiration. 

It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  a  room  is  more 
comfortable  at  a  temjierature  of  60  to  65  degrees 


FIGURE  3. 


CONSTRUCTION 


225 


and  a  relative  humidity  of  50  to  (50  per  cent,, 
than  it  is  at  a  temperature  of  70  degrees  and  a 
relative  humidity  of  only  30  per  cent. 

The  point  is  tliis:  When  the  air  in  our  homes 
is  lacking  in  moisture  it  tends  to  produce  pneu- 
monia, catarrh,  bronchitis,  and  other  diseases 
of  the  respiratory  tract.  The  dry  atmosphere 
absorbs  the  moisture  from  the  lungs  and  mem- 
branous linings  of  the  air  passages,  thus  caus- 
ing irritation  and  disease.  How  fre(iuently  have 
you  seen  the  occupants  of  such  homes  place  an 
unsightly  pan  of  water  on  a  radiator  in  each 
room  in  a  vain  effort  to  relieve  this  condition! 
There  is  no  system  of  heating  that  ])rovides  for 
adequate  humidity  except  that  of  a  properly 
constructed  warm  air  furnace,  in  which  the 
moisture  from  the  water  pan  of  the  furnace  is 
sujjplied  automatically. 

Economy  of  Operation- — Comi)aratively  few 
people  can  afford  to  overlook  the  cost  of  fuel 
in  heating  their  homes. 

It  is  a  pretty  well  recognized  and  indisputable 
fact  that  all  types  of  modern  heating  plants, 
properly  installed,  will  deliver  ample  heat,  but 
which  system  will  deliver  that  heat  at  the  mini- 
mum cost  for  fuel  is  the  vital  question  of  econo- 
mical heating.  The  instant  heat  is  generated  in 
a  warm  air  heater,  the  temperature  of  the  home 
begins  to  rise.  There  are  many  weeks  in  the 
year  when  one  needs  heat,  but  only  a  little  heat, 
a  shovel  of  coal  or  a  broken  up  box  or  a  bunch  of 
waste  i)aper  will  furnish  ample  heat.  Yet  when 
cold  weather  conies,  two  or  three  firings  a  day 


FIGURE  4. 


riauRE  5. 

will  usually  keep  the  building  comfortably  warm 
and  ventilated. 

Proper  Installation.— The  cost  of  installing  a 
high-grade  warm  air  system  is  not  great,  and  it 
is  decidedly  less  than  for  any  other  type  of  heat- 
ing system. 

Under  no  circumstances  install  a  "cheap" 
furnace,  that  would  prove  one  of  the  costliest  in- 
vestments you  ever  made.  Get  a  high-grade 
furnace— one  that  is  built  on  scientific  lines  and 
of  worthy  materials.  You  will  save  fuel  and  re- 
pairs. Tt  is  a  good  jiractice  to  i)ut  in  a  slightly 
larger  size  heater  than  is  mathematically  re- 
quired; an  over-size  furnace  consumes  no  more 
fuel  in  ordinary  weather  than  the  next  size  be- 
low; in  bitter  cold  weather  the  over-size  heater 
burns  less  fuel,  because  you  do  not  have  to  force 
it.  Too  frequently  the  heating  and  ventilating 
is  delayed  until  the  contracts  for  erecting  the 
building  have  been  let,  when  it  is  often  too  late 
to  introduce  any  system  in  the  best  manner, 
without  alterations  in  plans  and  consequent  an- 
noyance; the  heating  and  ventilating  should  be 
arranged  for  as  soon  as  the  general  plan  of  the 
building  has  been  decided  upon,  so  as  to  pro- 
vide for  the  necessary  chimneys,  flues,  etc.  Too 
often  the  heating  is  reserved  for  consideration 
until  after  everything  else  has  been  provided 
for;  and  as  to  ventilation,  it  is  not  even  consid- 
ered in  one  case  out  of  a  hundred.  After  the 
plans  are  completed  it  is  the  frequent  practice 
to  call  for  tenders  for  the  heating,  with  the  un- 
derstanding that  the  lowest  bidder  shall  receive 
the  contract;  each  one  is  generally  ))ermitted  to 
furnish  what  he  jdea.ses,  the  only  (juestion  the 
owner  is  interested  in  is,  "Who  will  do  the  job 


226 


CONSTRUCTION 


t&tii^ 


KUUltK  t). — FRESH  AIR  R<«M  WITH 
FILTERING  SCREENS,  WHICH  CAN  BE 
REMOVED    FOR    CLEANINQ. 


the  clicHpostf "  Thus  stove  dealers,  tinsmiths, 
and  i)luiubers  are  often  permitted  to  compete 
foi'  tlu'  contract,  and  tlu'ir  bids  arc  considered, 
tlionji:!)  tlicy  may  not  imderstand  tiie  simplest 
princi|)les  of  lieatinj?  and  ventilatinj?,  or  be  in 
any  way  fitted  to  do  work  recpiirinj!;. education, 
skill  and  f?ood  judgment. 

The  acceptance  of  the  lowest  bid  under  such 
circumstances  means  that  the  man  with  the  least 
knowledge  or  exporienoe  is  entrusted  with  the 

duty  of  provid- 
■^^V^^^  ing  for  the  health 
and  comfort  of 
those  persons 
who  will  occupy 
the  building;  he 
then  starts  in  to 
"skin''  the  job 
in  an  attempt  to 
make  a  |)r()fit  at 
a  contract  figure 
which  has  no 
possibility  of  a 
legitimate  profit 
in  it.  If,  how- 
ever, at  the  very 
commencement  the  desirability  of  proper  heat- 
ing and  ventilation  is  j)ointed  out  by  the  archi- 
tect, as  he  should  do  in  his  capacity  as  expert 
professional  adviser,  he  will  in  almost  every 
case  find  that  his  client  will  accept  his  advice, 
just  as  lie  will  that  for  a  proper  ari'angement 
of  the  drains  and  ])lumbing  work.  By  taking 
this  course  the  architect  will  find  his  clients 
much  better  satisfied  with  their  houses  and  with 
himself  than  if  he  defers  to  theii-  ignorance  in 
these  matters. 

From  the  mechanical  stan(lj>oint  also,  one  of 
the  essentials  of  satisfactory  furnace  heating  is 
ample  ventilation,  and  lack  of  it  has  been  the 
means  of  condemning  many  an  otherwise  excel- 
lent furnace  installation. 

In  its  low  cost  and  the  means  that  it  affords 
for  proper  ventilation  lies  the  superiority  of 
furnace  heating,  every  house,  no  nuitter  how 
small,  should  have  ventilating  flues  in  connec- 
tion with  the  chimiu\vs  with  arrangements  for 
connecting  them  with  the  different  rooms.  This 
is  rarely  done,  but  all  the  rules  of  health  demand 
it,  and  it  will  greatly  simplify  the  heating  i)rob- 
lem.  The  furnace  is  notliing  more  than  an  air 
pump  worked  by  force  of  gi'avity  and  warming 
the  air  as  it  passes  through.  If  outlets  are  not 
l^rovided  the  flow  is  checked  and  heat  units  are 
wasted,  while  tlie  cold  and  impure  air  remains 
in  the  room  and  liolds  the  heat  in  the  cellar. 

WARM     AIR     FURNACE    SYSTEM. 

There  is  l)ut  one  coi'rect  and  sanitary  method 
of  heating  and  ventilating  a  house,  and  that  is 
to  pour  i)ure  warm  air  into  the  rooms  in  suffi- 
cient volume  and  tf)  remove  the  colder  and  im- 


l)ure  air  from  the  rooms  at  the  bottom  thereof, 
to  a  ventilating  shaft. 

It  is  acwjmplished  perfectly  J)y  a  warm  air 
furnace  system  of  heating  [)rovided  the  furnace 
has  ade(piate  ca|)acity,  is  of  high-grade  con- 
struction and  is  correctly  installed,  then  every 
room  will  be  constantly  filled  with  iture,  fresh 
air. 

This  article  will  show  how  it  can  he  done  in  a 
large  suburban  residence,  as  illustrated,  which 
is  perfecly  heated  and  ventilated  by  this  .sy.stem, 
which  contains  twenty-two  rooms  and  large 
halls  on  three  floors.  This  heating  plant  is  in- 
stalled on  the  basis  of  maintaining  a  temi)era- 
ture  of  70  degrees  above  zero  in  every  room, 
containing  a  warm  air  register,  when  the  out- 
door temperature  is  at  zero. 

There  aie  two  furnaces  (set  as  twin  furnace). 
The  advantage  of  this,  is  that  in  mild  weather 
only  one  of  the  furnaces  can  be  fired  up,  instead 
of  firing  up  one  large  furnace,  which  means  a 
great  economy  of  fuel.  The  furnace  is  set  over 
a  fresh  air  [)it,  the  fresh  air  supply  is  conducted 
from  the  fresh  air  room  after  passing  through 
filtoi-ing  screens,  which  is  cou'lucted  through 
one  oi-  more  underground  ducts  to  furmice.  The 
warm  air  pipes  in  basement  are  thoroughly  in- 
sulated by  covering  them  with  corrugated  air- 
cell  asbestos  board.  The  warm  air  pipes  in  par- 
titions are  double  tin  pijjes.  The  main  ventil- 
ating shaft  is  20  x  45  inches  in  the  clear,  and  the 
chinmey  flue  (a  l.'Mnch  terra-cotta  i)ipe)  is  run 
up  inside  thereof. 

The  automatically  controlled  Immidifier 
(water-pan)  is  ))laced  inside  of  casing  over 
dome  or  combustion  chamber  of  furnace.  The 
size  of  warm  air  and  vent  ducts  are  shown  on 
plan. 

All  the  warm  air  and  vent  registers  are  placed 
in  the  walls,  and  not  taking  up  valuable  s])ace. 
They  can  be  furnished  in  designs  and  finishes 
that  harmonize 
with  any  scheme 
of  decoration  or 
color.  Elvery  room 
is  thoroughly  and 
healthfully  heated 
and  ventilated  at 
a  lower  cost  than 
anj'  other  system. 

1  here  seems  to  be  but  one  reasonable  con- 
clusion, namely,  that  the  warm  air  furnace  sys- 
tem, pro])erly  installed,  is  at  present  the  only 
available  system  for  the  proi)er  heating  and 
ventilating  of  the  home.  In  fact,  I  feel  safe  in 
saying  that  if  the  furnace  system  of  heating 
with  an  efficient  ajjparatus  for  maintaining  a 
proper  indoor'  relative  humidity  and  with  the 
jiroper  amount  of  air  supply  taken  from  with- 
out, even  uiuversally  adoi)ted,  in  a  few  years  the 
bad  air  diseases  would  be  added  to  the  list  of 
rare  diseases,  except  among  the  very  poor. 


FIGIHE  7. — SHOWING  HOW  THE 
HI'MIDIFIER  IS  LOCATED  WITH  TANK 
AND  CONNECTIONS. 


I 


Administration  Building,  Hydro-Electric 

Commission 


IN  view  of  the  rapid  development  of  the  busi- 
ness interests  with  the  necessary  staff  in- 
creases of  the  Hydro-Electric  Power  Commis- 
sion, and  in  view  of  the  difficulty  in  securing' 
adequate  accommodation,  the  Commission  de- 
cided that  the  best  solution  of  their  problem  in 
this  respect  was  to  erect  an  administration  build- 
ing suitable  for  present  requirements,  and  cap- 
able of  allow- 
ing for  the  in- 
evitable future 
growth  of  the 
Commission  's 
business.  The 
result  of  this 
decision,  made 
in  1914,  is  the 
h  a  n  d  s  o  m  c 
building  on 
University  av- 
en  u  e,  just 
south  of  Col- 
lege street,  re- 
Gentlj'  occu- 
pied by  the 
Hydro  -  Elec- 
tric staff. 

The  struc- 
ture is  of  steel 
const  ruction, 
with  exterior 
walls  of  cast 
stone  and  buff 
pressed  face 
brick. 

Architectur- 
ally the  front 
facade  of  the 
building  is  of 
simple  classic 
Greek  design, 
the  main  fea- 
ture of  which 
is  four  large 
Ionic  columns 
flanked  with 
end  pavilions 
umn    cai)s,    ali 


FRONT  VIEW,    HVDRO-ELECTRIO 
BRANDON,    ARCHITECT    AND    ENGINEER. 


and  capi)ed  with  massive  col- 
of  Tonic  design.  The  entire 
front  is  composed  of  light  buff  colored  cast  stone 
of  i)leasing  appearance.  An  interesting  feature 
is  an  artistic  portico  at  the  entrance  of  the  build- 
ing, having  an  arched  roof  supported  by  four 
simple  Ionic  columns.  The  arched  roof  of 
Grecian  design  carries  a  shield  bearing  the  Com- 


missioners' arms  in  a  niche  cut  in  the  front. 
The  coat-of-arms  of  the  Commission  recently 
adopted  was  designed  by  Alexander  Eraser,  the 
Provincial  Archivist,  its  purpose  being  to  indi- 
cate the  aims  and  activities  of  the  Hydro-Elec- 
tric Commission.  In  this  coat-of-arms,  which  is 
shown  in  the  illustration  of  the  portico,  the  two 
wheels    signify    "Power,"    and,   being    at    the 

top  of  the 
shield,  or  "in 
chief,"  convey 
that  power 
and  its  gener- 
ation, distribu- 
tion, etc.,  are 
the  main  func- 
t  i  o  n  of  the 
Com  m  i  ssion. 
The  wavy 
chevron,  or. 
angular  band 
in  the  centre 
of  the  shield, 
with  its  two 
blue  borders. 
is  the  heraldic 
representation 
of  "running 
water,"  and 
the  three  stars 
with  wjiich  it 
is  charged  sig- 
nify "Light"; 
or,  the  combin- 
ation, "Light 
from  running 
water."  The 
stars,  with 
their  emanat- 
ing rays,  are 
intended  also, 
to  convey  the 
idea  of  light, 
figur  a  t  i  vely. 
The  spraj"  of 
maple  leaves 
and  the  supporters  are  taken  from  the  shield 
of  the  Province  of  Ontario,  and  denote  the  Pro- 
vincial scope  of  the  Commission's  work.  The 
crest,  an  electric  locomotive,  symbolizes  the  rail- 
way activity  of  the  Commission.  The  motto  be- 
low the  shield,  "Dona  naturae  pro  populo  sunt," 
or,  translated,  "Nature's  gifts  are  for  the  peo- 
))le,"  maj"  be  regarded  as  peculiarly  fitting,  since 


ADMINISTRATION   BUILDING,  TORONTO. 

GEO.     W.    GOUINLOCK,    CONSULTING    ENGINEER 


227 


228 


CONSTRUCTION 


tilt'  Coiiimission's  work  lias  enabled  many  tiiou- 
sMiiils,  wild  otlicrwise  must  inevitably  liave  Iieen 
(It'privetl  for  many  yeai.s,  to  enjoy  the  benefit  of 
the  f?ift8  she  has  so  bonntifully  jjrovided. 

At  the  main  entrance  to  tlie  l)uil(lin<'-  are  two 
massive  doors  of  solid  liroiize,  with  oniameiital 
bronze  ^rill  work. 

The  mai)i  hall  in  tliis  l)uildiii<;'  is  finished  in 
white  marble,  and  has  a  l)eantifully  desijifiied  or- 
namental plaster  ceilini"'  finished  in  ivory  tint. 
The  same  scheme  obtains  in  the  various  lialls 
thi-ou^hout  tiie  buiidinf?. 

The  floor  of  the  main  hall  is  likewise  finished 


ferenee  room  complete  this  floor.  The  entire 
door  is  finished  in  malio<j:any  witli  hollow  steel 
doors  and  trim  in  the  main  corridors  and  hall- 
ways and  the  principal  offices.  The  board  room 
is  finished  in  solid  maliof?an.y  panel  which 
matches  the  steel  trim. 

The  upper  floors  are  finished  in  Circassian  wal- 
nut, hollow  steel  doors  and  trim,  with  cork 
linoleum  floors.  These  floors  contain  the  muni- 
cipal, enfjfineering,  purchasing?,  operatinj?,  rail- 
way, construction  and  other  depratraent  offices 
and  draftinji;  rooms. 

The  basement  is  divided  into  a  dining-room. 


MAIN    HAI-L,    HYDRO-ELECTRIC 
K.    T.    HIUNIKIN,    AUCHITECT    AND    ENOINEER. 

in  white  marble.  The  doors  leading  from  this 
hall  ai-e  of  solid  bronze,  as  well  as  the  elevator 
dooi's  and  grill  work  surrounding  the  elevator 
shaft. 

The  first  floor  is  occupied  In'  the  accounting 
and  filing  department.  The  second  floor  is  de- 
voted to  executive  i)urposes  and  contains  the 
board  i-oom  on  the  northwest  corner,  which  con- 
nects witli  the  chairman's  office  and  pnvate  office 
for  the  use  of  the  Commissioners,  by  a  private 
passageway.  The  secretary's  office,  the  chief 
engineer's  office,  and  a  large  library  and  con- 


ADMINISTRATION   BUILDING,  TORONTO. 

GEO.   W.    GOUINLOCK,   CONSULTING   ARCHITECT. 

where  meals  will  be  served  to  the  employees  of 
the  Commission,  and  the  necessary  kitchen 
etpupment.  The  kitchen  will  be  practically  elec- 
trical throughout,  all  cooking  being  done  on 
heavy  duty  electric  ranges. 

A  vacuum  cleaner  system  is  installed  in  the 
basement  in  the  switchboard  room,  and  each 
floor  is  provided  with  two  outlets  connecting 
with  the  basement  plant.  This  plant  can  be 
started  or  stopped  from  any  floor  by  means  of  a 
switch  located  near  the  cleaning  outlet. 

The  refrigerating  svstem  will  be  installed  in 


CONSTRUCTION 


229 


this  part  of  the  basement 
and  will  also  be  electricall> 
operated.  The  automatic 
switchboards  for  the  tele 
phone  system  are  also  in- 
stalled in  this  room. 

The  remaining  space  in 
the  basement  is  taken  np 
with  offices  and  filing  and 
stationery  storage  rooms. 

LIGHTING    AND    POWER. 

The  entire  building  is 
lighted  with  fixtures  of 
the  most  modern  design, 
which  were  selected  as  the 
result  of  careful  experi- 
ments as  the  most  efficient 
method  of  lighting  the 
building.  In  addition  to 
the  standard  lighting  out- 
lets each  room  is  ecpiipped 
with  baseboard  plugs  for 
dictating  and  adding 
machines,  desk  lamps  or 
fans. 

Power  for  the  operation 
of  the  electrical  ecjuipnient  throughout  the  build- 
ing is  furnished  by  the  company's  system  at 
twenty-three  hundred  volts,  twenty-five  cycles. 
General  distribution  throughout  the  building 
is    by    thi-oe-wire    system,    one    Imndred    and 


AIIMINISTRATIO.N    FLOOR,    HYDRO-ELECTRIC   COMMISSION    BIHLnlNG,   TORONTO. 


UPPER    HALLWAV,    HYDRO-ELECTRIC    BUILDING,   TORONTO. 

fifteen  and  two  hundred  and  thirty  volts. 
The  power  service  enters  the  building  under- 
ground on  the  north  side  into  the  transformer 
room,  where  three  thirty  kva.  transformers  for 
lighting  are  installed.  Prom  the  transformer 
room  lead  cables  transmit 
the  power  to  the  switch- 
board, which  consists  of 
two  eighteen- inch  panels 
seven  feet  six  inches  high, 
and  two  panels  twenty- 
four  inches  wide,  seven 
feet  six  inches  high,  of 
black  slate.  The  metering 
equi])ment  of  the  board 
consists  of  high  tensiou 
volt  meter,  four  hundred 
k.w.  watthour  maximum 
demand  metei-,  two  am- 
meters, one  to  measure  the 
total  load  and  the  other  to 
measure  the  load  on  any 
individual  circuit.  The  in- 
coming panels  of  the  board 
are  e(]uipped  with  two 
automatic  oil  breakers, 
protected  by  overload  re- 
lays. The  feeder  panels 
rre  equipped  with 
switches  for  the  individual 
feeder  circuits.  One  of  the 
ammeters  is  wired  so  that 
an  indication  of  the  cur- 
rent in  any  one  of  the  cir- 
cuits   mav     be     obtained. 


230 


CONSTRUCTION 


To  fjicilitato  rapid 
despatchiiiff  of  orders 
a  nd  corrcspondiMico 
the  biiildiiiij;  is  pro- 
vided with  an  auto- 
inatic,  oloctrio  diiiiil) 
waitor.  The  shaft  for 
tiiis  elevator  houses  all 
cables  and  ('oiuhiits, 
etc.  The  control  for 
the  waiter  is  on  tlic 
main  floor,  where  tlic 
main  filinfif  room  is  h)- 
cated,  and  it  is  so  ar- 
ranged tiiat  pressing  a 
button  on  the  main 
floor  sends  the  elevator 
to  tile  floor  correspond- 
inff  to  t  ii  e  button 
pressed.  Upon  reach- 
ing this  floor  it  auto- 
matically stops.  As  a 
safeguard  against  pos- 
sible accidents  the 
waiter  can  only  be 
operated  when  all  the 
doors  are  closed. 

The  passenger  ele- 
vator service  for  the 
building  is  provided  by 
two  elevators  operated 
by  twenty-five  cycle 
motors. 


1    ■'    , 


REAR   VIEW,    HYDRO-ELECTRIC   BUILDINQ,  TORONTO. 
E.    T.    BRANDON,    ARCHITECT    AND    ENGINEER. 
GEO.    W.  GOUINLOCK,  CONSULTING  ARCHITECT. 


An  interesting  fea- 
ture of  the  electrical 
('i|uipnient  is  the  auto- 
matic telephcme  sys- 
tem, by  means  of  which 
any  ofTice  may  be  called 
from  i)ractical!y  any 
|)<)int  in  the  liuilding 
without  delay,  and 
(•(tniniunication  c  a  n 
also  be  obtained  with 
all  the  munici|»alities 
in  the  Province  having 
the  Commission's  ])ri- 
vate  line. 

IIKATING   SYSTEM. 

The  heating  plant, 
as  designed  by  the 
Canadian  Domestic 
I'ingineering  Company, 
of  Montreal,  is  in- 
stalled on  the  forced 
iiot  water  princi[)le. 
'IVo  water-tube  maga- 
zine self-feed  boilers 
are  used  as  heaters, 
either  of  the  boilers 
being  lai'ge  enough  to 
supply  all  the  heat  re- 
quired in  ordinary  win- 
ter weather. 

This  building  being 


IHIKTU-O.    MYDRO-KLKITRK-   BI1LI)I.N<!,   TORO.NTO. 


DETAIL     OF     ELEITRIC     FI.XTIRE     A.ND     CEILING     DECORATION. 


CONSTRUCTION 


231 


situated  in  a  district  where  tlie  smoke  nuisance 
must  be  avoided,  antliracite  coal  is  used  as  fuel. 
Because  of  the  construction  of  the  <<rates  in 
tliese  boilers,  small  anthracite  coal,  sold  at  the 
price  of  soft  coal,  is  used. 

From  the  boilers  a  \ar^e  main  is  carried  to  a 
space  between  the  ceilini?  of  the  top  storey  and 
the  roof.  In  this  space  distributing  mains  are 
run  to  various  down-feed  pipes.  The  return 
mains  are  run  in  the  basement,  and  connected  to 
the  boilers  by  way  of  automatic  pumps,  fitted 
with  by-passes.  All  of  the  radiators  are  sup- 
plied with  two  valves;  the  valve  on  the  return 
end  of  each  radiator  being  of  the  lock-shield 
type. 


THE  LADY  ARCHITECT 

The  pages  of  the  Bystander  contain  an  elo- 
quent plea  for  the  lady  architect  and  a  vigorous 
denunciation  of  the  sins  of  the  ordinary  men 
who  fail  so  pitifully  in  that  capacity.  Why,  it 
is  asked,  is  woman,  who  lives  most  of  her  time 
in  houses,  which  are  shockingly  planned  by  man, 
not  to  have  any  room  she  may  call  her  own  ? 
The  man  has  his  dressing-room  and  his  study 
all  to  himself;  while  woman  is  only  allowed  an 
uncertain  share  of  the  common  rooms  of  the 
house.  The  article  is  illustrated,  not  with  plans 
of  an  ideal  house,  or  even  diagrams  showing  the 
errors  made  by  man  in  his  planning,  but  by 
figure  studies  which,  though  cliarming  and 
attractive,  are  scarcely  germane  to  the  subject. 
We  have  that  hardy  perennial  complaint  of  the 


HEATI,\(!    PLANT.    II  VIlRO-ELECTRIC   BITI.DINn,   TORONTO. 


iJWITCHBOARD,    HYDRO-ELECTRIC    BUILDING. 

absence  of  cupboards  which,  until  she  comes  to 
plan,  the  woman  imagines  takes  up  no  space 
and  costs  nothing  at  all.  There  is  a  great  op- 
portunity which  the  pioneers  of  the  woman's 
movement  might  seize  at  the  end  of  the  war. 
Wlij'  not  have  a  garden  city  laid  out  by  women, 
its  houses  built  by  women,  and  its  finances 
organized  by  women?  In  such  a  city  truly  we 
might  be  a  little  nearer  Heaven  than  elsewhere ; 
in  such  a  city  every  house  might  be  a  haven  of 
refuge.  No  chimney  would  smoke,  no  draughts 
be  felt;  we  should  be  sur- 
rounded with  cupboards 
in  every  room;  all  win- 
dows would  look  due  south 
except  the  kitchen  and 
larder;  all  windows  would 
have  the  best  views.  The 
rates  might  indeed  be 
high,  as  such  houses, 
though  economical  to  build 
—for  nothing  would  be 
forgotten  or  overlooked — 
would  be  so  much  sought 
after  that  rents  and  rates 
would  rise,  unless,  indeed, 
the  syndicate  removed 
that  difficulty  by  wise 
enactments.  The  only 
drawback  would  be  the 
nuisance  caused  by  the 
remaining  men  archi- 
tects —  the  last  of  evil 
generation  -^  who  would 
be  always  measuring 
and  sketching  in  the  vi- 
cinitv. 


232 


CONSTRUCTION 


VIEW    OF    SASKATCHEWAN    CO-OPERATIVE    ELEVATOR   CO.,    LTD.,    OFFICE,    liEOINA,    SA.SK. 
STOREY    &   VAN    EOMOND,  ARCHITECTS. 


< 1- 


IIASK.MK.VT    l'I.AN. 


CiROIND  FLOOR  FLAN. 


Reinforced  Concrete  Office  Building 

Erected  For  The  Saskatchewan  Co-Operative  Elevator  Co.,  Limited,  Regina,  Sask. 

THE  at'coiiipanyinsif  cuts  illustrate  an  office 
building-    that  lias  just    been  erected    in 

Regina  by  tfhe  organized  farmers  of  the  Prov- 
ince of  Saskatchewan. 

When  the  proposal  was  tirst  made  that  the 

Saskatchewan  Co-operative  P^levator  Co.  should 

abandon  its  rented  ([uaiters  and  build  for  itself, 

with  its  own  money,  a  })ermanent  home  which 

should  provide  not  only  for  the  present  needs 

but  also  for  the  great  ex])ansion  wliieh  is  ex- 
pected in  the  next  few  years,  some  of  the  farmer 

shareholders  were  inclined  to  question  the  ex- 

])enditure. 

Nowliere  else  iu  Canada  had  the  organized 

farmers  reached  that  stage  in  development  at 

which  such  a  step  would  be  the  natural  one  for 

them  to  take,  and  the  i)roposal  therefore  came  interior  view,  showing  conckete  construction. 

to   some   not   only   as   new,   but  as   somewliat 

startling.  ^i  perpetual  object  lesson  of  the  advantages  of 

It   was   finally   decided,   however,   that   the  co-operation.    As  one  shareholder  stated :  "The 

farmers  should  erect  a  building  on  which  tliey  farmers  of  Western  Canada  have  been  engaged 

might  look  with  i)ride,  and  which  would  stand  as  for  long  enough  in  erecting  handsome  buildings 

for  others.    Isn't  it  time  we  built  one  for  our- 
selves!" 

The  absence  of  any  spirit  of  niggardliness  has 
resulted  in  tlie  erection  of  a  structure  of  which 
the  sixteen  thousand  farmer  shareholders  may 
well  feel  proud. 

Occupying  a  sj)ace  of  seventy-five  feet  by  one 
hundred  and  twenty-five  feet,  and  centrally 
situated  on  the  corner  of  Smith  street  and 
Twelfth  avenue,  Regina,  the  structure  presents 
a  striking  appearance,  even  in  a  (piarter  where 
stand  many  of  Regina 's  largest  and  most  impos- 
ing buildings.  It  is  of  two  storeys,  with  a  high 
basement,  and  has  been  so  constructed  with  a 
view  to  future  demands,  tluit  when  the  com])any 
reciuire  more  space  two  additional  storeys  can  be 
added,  wells  being  left  for  future  elev^ator  ser- 
vice. 

The  building  is  of  absolutely  fireproof  con- 
struction throughout,  with  reinforced  concrete 
frame  of  beams,  colunms  and  floors,  and  with 
brick  and  tile  walls  and  i)artitions,  and  each  floor 
isolated  by  fire  doors  automatically  controlled. 

The  main  entrance,  which  faces  Smith  street, 
l)resonts  a  most  imposing  ap{)earance,  being 
l)anelled  in  grey  and  brown  marble,  with  marble 
floors  and  ste])s  and  domed  ceiling. 

The  design  of  the  exterior  is  carried  out  in 
liglit  cream  terra  cotta  and  rough  grey  astra- 
khan brick,  laid  with  heavily  raked  joints,  the 
terra  cotta  being  ornamented  in  relief  symbolical 
of  the  business  of  the  company,  green  and  blue 


f::;.-jT  h.cui;  ti.an. 


233 


234 


CONSTRUCTION 


colors  Ix'iiii'-  iisi'd  cfTi'i'tivcIy  in  the  ornamenta- 
tion and  in  tile  inserts  in  walls. 

Siicaves  of  wheat  and  elevators  serve  as  the 
motif  for  tiie  ornamentation,  and  over  the  main 
entrance  is  the  emblem  of  the  company,  executed 
in  cream  and  bine  terra  cotta,  and  representinfi; 
a  lar^e  sheaf  of  wheat  with  elevator  relief,  on 
which  is  tile  monos>:ram  of  the  letters  S.I'.Pj.  Co., 
an<I  supported  by  a  wheat  fjarland.  The  windows 
and  castiron  panels  are  finished  in  a  dark  jj;reen 
oxidizetl  finish,  and  the  awnings  were  carefully 
selected  by  the  architects  to  harmonize  with  the 
color  scheme  of  the  l)uilding. 

The  entire  ground  floor  is  given  over  to  the 
head  ofTices  of  the  company,  the  main  entrance 
from  Smith  street  leading  to  a  i)ublic  space  luiv- 
ing  marble  floor  and  arranged  around  the  public 
space  are  the  private  offices  for  the  various  of- 
ficials. The  general  office  is  immediately  behind 
the  public  space,  and  is  exce])tionally  well  light- 
ed, and  proviiles  accounnodation  for  seventy 
clerks.  A  large  vault  and  women's  cloak  and 
toilet  rooms  are  i)rovided  off  the  general  office, 
and  the  uu'u's  cloak  room  and  toilet  are  in  the 
basement,  adjoining  the  emi)loyees'  separate  en- 
trance. 

The  first  floor  is  divided  up  into  various  sized 
offices,  which  will  be  rented  until  this  floor  is  re- 
(jnired  by  the  company  for  its  own  use.  The  en- 
trance to  this  floor  is  from  Twelfth  avenue,  and 


MAIN    ENTRANCE,  SASKATCHEWAN    CO-OPERATIVE   ELEVATOR   CO.,   LTD., 
REaiNA,  SA8K. 

sei)arate  from  the  main  entrance.  Ad.joining 
this  entrance  provision  is  made  for  the  installa- 
tion of  an  elevator  when  the  building  is  extended 
in  height. 

The  basement  is  so  arranged  that  part  may 
be  rented  and  the  remainder  utilized  as  a  ware- 
house, and  for  this  i)uri)ose  a  hoist  has  been  pro- 
vided. 

The  building  is  finished  in  oak  throughout, 
maple  floors  in  offices,  marble  floors  and  panel- 
ling to  both  entrances,  iron  and  marble  stairs, 
terrazo  floors  to  toilets  and  corridors,  and  all 
walls  decorated  in  buff  shades  of  tinting. 

The  heating  system  is  a  vacuum  system,  with 
autonuitic  electrically-driven  vacuum  pump  and 
smokeless  down-draft  boiler.  All  radiators  on 
main  floor  are  controlled  by  an  automatic  regula- 
tion system.  Pullman  ventilators  are  provided 
in  windows,  and  ample  vent  ducts  in  walls  to  en- 
sure efficient  ventilation. 

The  architects  for  the  building  were  Messrs. 
Storey  &  V^an  Egmond,  of  Regina,  and  the  gen- 
eral contractors  were  Poole  &  Emerv. 


DETAIL  oy  KRONT  FACADE. 


STATISTICS  OF  FIRE  LOSSES 

At  the  recent  annual  meeting  of  the  Com- 
mission of  Conservation  a  resolution  was  pass- 
ed requesting  the  various  provincial  govern- 
ments to  take  steps  to  secure  complete  reports 
of  all  losses  fi'om  fires  occurring  within  their 
boimdaries,  and  the  extent,  if  any,  to  which  the 
property  was  insured. 


Insulation  Against  Heat  and  Cold 


A  SUBJECT  of  great  importance  and  one 
that  i.s  now  receiving  merited  attention  in 
the  modern  building,  or  the  old  building  with 
newly  installed  modern  equipment,  is  that  of 
insulation  against  heat  and  cold. 

From  the  largest  power  plants  with  high 
pressure  boilers  and  miles  of  piping  to  be  pro- 
tected, to  the  smallest  residence  or  apartment 
house  with  the  usual  installation  of  heating 
e(iuipment,  a  saving  can  be  efifected  of  no  small 
consideration  by  attention  given  to  heat  and 
cold  resisting  mediums,  so  that  the  engineers  of 
to-day  give  special  attention  to  insulation.  In 
the  power  plant,  the  heat  that  is  usually  lost  by 
radiation  from  the  walls,  arches  and  exposed 
parts  of  furnaces  and  ovens,  represents  a  con- 
siderable wastage  of  fuel  and  increasing  the 
temi)erature  of  the  surrounding  atmosphere, 
reduces  the  efficiency  of  the  workers. 

While  there  is  no  substance  known  that  will 
not  allow  some  heat  to  pass  through,  there  aie 
many  materials  wliich  reduce  the  loss  in  heat 
emitted  to  a  minimum.  An  excellent  heat  re- 
tardant  is  diatomaceous  earth  (kieselguhr), 
which  is  comjjosed  of  small  shells  of  almost 
pure  silica,  each  one  hollow  and  filled  with  air, 
this  dead  air  making  the  substance  an  excellent 
non-conductor  of  heat. 

The  method  of  preparing  diatomaceous 
earth  for  insulating  purposes  is  briefly  as  fol- 
lows: The  earth  is  mixed  with  finely  ground 
cork,  moulded  into  brick  form  and  then  fired, 
the  cork  is  in  this  way  burned  out  leaving  a 
porous  insulating  brick  that  will  transmit  only 
one-tenth  as  much  heat  as  fire  or  ordinary  brick. 
By  the  use  of  this  substance  in  this  form  the 
heat  loss  is  greatly  reduced  and  the  tempera- 
ture of  the  surrounding  air  made  habitable. 
These  bricks  have  sufficient  strength  to  be  built 
in  the  walls  and  arches  of  boilers,  and  will  not 
crumble  by  weight  or  usage,  and  are  also  un- 
affected by  steam  or  water. 

As  an  example  of  the  economy  which  results 
from  the  use  of  this  substance  in  the  above  form 
a  test  has  been  made  on  a  natural  gas  fired  lehr 
operating  with  an  inside  temperature  of  1,600 
F.,  with  the  outside  air  at  70  F.,  the  difference 
in  temperature  between  the  inside  and  outside 
was  1,530  F.  With  walls  of  fire  brick  13y^  inches 
thick  the  loss  of  heat  per  s(iuare  foot  of  exposed 
surface  was  7,554  B.T.U.  [)er  ten-hour  day.  With 
walls  constructed  of  nine  inches  of  fire  brick  and 
four  and  one-half  inches  of  above  material  the 
thickness  was  e(puvalent  to  making  them  fifty- 
four  inches  thick  with  a  reduced  loss  of  1,888.5 
B.T.U.  per  ten-hour  day.  Tn  refrigeration  equip- 
ment it  is  estimated  that  one  hundred  and  sev- 


enty-six lineal  feet  of  bare  two-inch  pipe  carry- 
ing brine  at  15  F.,  with  the  surrounding  air  at  75 
F.,  will  lose  one  ton  of  refrigeration  every  twen- 
ty-four hours,  which,  figured  on  the  usual  basis 
of  cost,  would  total  approximately  $180.00  per 
year,  so  that  the  total  loss  on  the  average  in- 
stallation if  same  were  unprotected  would  be  a 
considerable  item. 

Cork,  because  of  its  minute  air-cell  structure, 
is  one  of  the  best  non-conductors  of  heat  known 
and  possesses  maximum  insulating  efficiency ;  it 
will  not  take  up  moisture  by  capillary  attraction 
(as  do  fibrous  materials),  and  is  therefore  dur- 
able in  service. 

All  coverings  for  insulation  against  heat  and 
cold  have  merit  in  more  or  less  degree,  and  all 
plants  by  careful  attention  given  to  this  sub- 
ject, can  make  a  saving  that  will  many  times  re- 
pay the  initial  expenditure  involved. 


AFTER  THE  WAR 

A  former  president  of  the  French  Chamber 
of  Commerce,  Mr.  Chouillou,  who  has  just  spent 
the  past  year  in  Paris  studying  the  future  of 
Franco-Canadian  trade,  gives  some  idea  of  the 
construction  work  that  will  be  necessary  in 
France  and  Belgium  after  the  war  and  which 
will  provide  markets  for  Canadian  manufac- 
tures and  work  for  architects  and  contractors 
when  he  states  that  twenty  million  citizens  in 
France  and  Belgium  have  had  their  cities,  fac- 
tories, stores  and  homes  destroyed  by  the 
enemy.  Some  of  the  needed  requirements  will 
be  portable  houses  of  all  descriptions,  material 
for  the  construction  of  churches,  homes  and  out- 
buildings, roofing  materials,  railway  supplies 
and  rolling  stock,  office  and  house  furniture, 
heating  apparatus  and  stoves,  hardware  and 
metal  utensils,  road  machinery,  agricultural 
implements,  machinery  used  in  cotton  and 
woollen  manufacturing,  and  numberless  other 
articles. 

Canadians  have  not  yet  learned  to  adopt  the 
methods  necessary  to  secure  foreign  business  on 
a  large  scale.  Just  now,  exportins:  firms  and 
manufacturers  have  taken  the  advantage  of 
hia-h  prices  and  are  reaping  a  rich  harvest.  To 
<>-et  a  fair  share  of  the  business  that  offers  to 
buildm<>-  and  contracting  interests  in  the  old 
world,  a  close  study  of  the  methods  adopted  in 
oonductina:  international  business  will  be  re- 
ouired  and  the  willins-ness  ^o  conform  to  these 
standards  will  be  necessary.  Bv  accommodat- 
ins?  ourselves  to  circumstances,  a  lara:e  share  of 
this  enormous  business  should  be  secured  by 
Canada. 


235 


A  Call  to  Construction  Men 


I)  KSIDKNTS  in  Toronto  have  ceased  to  be 
\  alarmed  of  a  conHafjratioii  wlien  tliey  hear 
a  loud  and  jterHistent  I'iii.ijiiiii:  of  bells  in  llie  iiuiiii 
tiioroii^ilifares  ami  tlie  subiiri)aii  districts.  Tlie 
noise  is,  in  all  probability,  from  the  advertisin.u: 
ear  employed  l)y  the  No.  1  Overseas  Constnr/- 
tioii  Battalion,  now  a  pojjular  sijj;lit  in  the  city 
at  noon-day,  and  more  conspienously  at  nij?ht, 
when  it  plies  the  streets,  ijaily  ilhuninated, 
patriotieally  deeorated,  attracting  attention  to 
the  iinposini;  sis^ns  by  the  insistent  rinj^inj;;  of 
bells. 

Althoujifh  only  established  a  few  weeks,  Can- 
ada's first  construction  battalion  is  inakinf>;  bij? 
headway  — more  than  one-half  of  total  strenufth 
being  recruited,  and  with  the  ])ossibility  of  an 
en!ari;e(l  field  for  recruiting'  activities  the  com- 
manding: officer  has  hopes  that  the  new  battalion 
nuiy  have  its  complement  before  the  end  of  tliis 
month. 

(Construction  men  are  urgently  needed  at  the 
front,  and  as  the  British  (lovernnient  intimated 
this  necessity  to  Ottawa,  the  Dominion,  with 
characteristic  spontaniety,  will  send  her  <iuota 
at  an  early  date  under  conunaud  of  Lieut. -(\)l. 
lti|)ley,  late  construction  engineer  C.P.R.  t'ol. 
Kipley  is  selectnig  his  staff  from  men  who  have 
had  civil  engineering  experience,  as  well  as  the 
recpiisite  military  certificates.  Readers  of  Con- 
sTHiHTioN  will  possibly  recognize  the  names  of 
the  following  officers  connected  with  No.  1  Con- 
struction Battalion:  Ca])ts.  T.  R.  Loudon  (ad- 
jutant), Kettersoii,  Ilollaiul,  Byrne,  Lieuts.  J.  B. 
Heron,  (J.  O.  Fleming,  A.  E."  V^  Steele,  F.  (}. 
Cross,  F.  A.  R.  McXair,  M.  Saul  and  O.  B.  Ilaily- 
berg,  who  recently  returned  from  Flanders, 
where  he  had  the  misfortune  to  get  wounded  and 


gassed.  The  functions  of  the  battalion  will  be 
to  assist  in  the  lines  of  communication,  which 
will  eud)ra('e  road-making,  bridge  building,  i-ail 
laying  and  other  means  to  facilitate  the  move- 
ment of  troops.  The  majority  of  the  men  en- 
listing are  of  Canadian  aiul  Old  Comitry  origin, 
and  have  been  nuiinly  employed  in  the  various 
dei)artments  of  skilled  labor. 

So  well  officered  and  ecpiipped,  No.  1  Con- 
struction Battalion  should  be  of  valuable  assist- 
ance to  the  troops  now  jjcnding  an  advance. 


i.-O.NSTKirricJ.N     BATTALIU.N    KECIU'ITINli    CAH. 


DOUGLAS  FIR  IN  DEMAND 

A  newly  discovered  method  of  creosoting 
Douglas  fir  so  that  it  does  not  lose  any  of  its 
natural  strength  as  it  does  under  the  old  system 
of  forcing  the  boiling  creosote  into  the  wood 
under  i)ressure,  was  announced  by  O.  P.  M. 
Ooss,  of  Seattle,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Forest 
Club  at  the  Hotel  Vancouver,  Vancouver,  B.C. 
The  discovery  is  expected  to  greatly  increase 
the  denumd  for  Douglas  fir  for  bridge  building, 
ties  and  wharf  construction  throughout  tbe 
world. 

R.  D.  Craig,  Commissioner  of  Conservation 
under  the  Dominion  (rovernment,  presided 
over  the  gathering  and  introduced  the  speaker, 
who  is  engineer  for  the  West  Coast  Lumber 
Manufacturers  Association.  The  address  dealt 
largely  with  the  methods  of  the  association  for 
developing  the  coast  hnnber  trade  and  aroused 
great  interest  among  the  lumber  manufacturers 
and  loggers  present. 

Before  accepting  his  present  position  Mr. 
Goss  was  engaged  in  the  timber  testing  labora- 
tories of  the  United  States  forest  service  and  is 
]-egarded  as  one  of  the  greatest  authorities  on 
(luestions  relating  to  the  strength,  durability, 
uses  and  weights  of  timber.  Lie  emi)hasized 
the  necessity  for  the  i)roper  grading  of  lumber 
for  special  purposes  and  for  treating  timbers  to 
secure  long  life. 

The  old  system  of  creosoting  with  boiling 
creotote  under  pressure,  said  Mr.  Goss,  depre- 
ciated the  strength  of  the  fibres  by  from  'X]  to 
'A'l  per  cent.  The  new  system  of  creosoting 
which  i>roniises  to  greatly  extend  the  uses  of 
Douglas  fir,  ])rovides  for  injecting  the  creosote 
into  the  timber  by  low  temperature  and  under  a 
low  vacuum.  While  a  slower  process  than  the 
old  method,  tests  show  that  the  wood  retains 
i»9.7  iier  cent,  of  its  original  strength.  In  some 
of  the  individual  tests  the  creosoted  portions 
were  stronger  than  the  uncreosoted.  In  no  case 
had  it  less  than  9.')  i)er  cent,  of  the  strength  of 
the  original  timber. 


236 


CONSTRUCTION 


237 


ooNsmJcioi 

h-  JOURNAL-  FORTHE  •  ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERING  •  AND  •  CONTRACTING 

INTERESTS  ■  OF    CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER,  LIMITED.  PUBLISHERS 

WESTON  VVRIGLEY.  GENERAL  MANAGER 
Corner  Richmond  and  Shcppard  Streets 

Toronto  -  -  Canada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 

MONTREAL— 171  St.  Jamjs  Street 

K.   R.    Milling,    Representative. 

NEW    YORK— 156  Fifth  Avenue 

A.    R.    Lowe,    Representative 


CORRESPONDENCE. — All  correspondence  should  be  addressed 
to  "COXSTRUCTION,"  Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard 
Streets,  Toronto,  Canada. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS. — Canada  and  Great  Britain,  $3.00  per  annum. 
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FR.VSKR  S.  KEITH 


KDITOR  .'VND   MANAGER 


Vol.  IX  Toronto.  July,  1916         No.  7 

REMEDYING    CONDITIONS 

Comiilaints  are  being  freely  made,  and  not 
without  reason,  by  architects  and  contractors  in 
this  country,  that  an  injustice  is  being  done  them 
in  the  way  of  a  large  amount  of  Canadian  con- 
struction work  being  designed  by  American 
architects  and  erected  by  American  contractors. 
That  there  is  no  excuse  for  this  needs  no  de- 
fence, since  men  in  the  architectural  i)rofession 
in  Canada  are  as  a  class  not  one  whit  less  com- 
petent than  their  brothers  across  the  line.  Some 
of  the  most  beautiful  and  substantial  buiklings 
in  Canada,  such  as  the  Parliament  Buildings  in 
Ottawa  and  buildings  of  the  University  of  To- 
ronto, had  their  concey)tion  in  the  brains  of 
Canadian  architects,  and  were  erected  by  Cana- 
dian contractors. 

Figures  supplied  by  the  secretary  of  the  As- 
sociated Builders'  Exchamre  of  Ontario,  go  to 
show  that  during  the  year  1915  plans  and  specifi- 
cations for  structures  in  Canada  were  prepared 
by  American  architects  amounting  to  $2,769,999. 
The  result  of  favorintr  American  architects  was 
indicated  by  the  fact  that  only  i1;9n,n00  of  this 
amount  went  to  Canadian  contractors.  Further, 
during  that  neriod  American  architects  pre- 
pared ])lans  for  buildings  to  be  erected  in  Can- 


ada reaching  a  total  of  $4,545,000,  a  large  part  of 
which  is  under  way  at  the  ijresent  time. 

The  absurdity  of  this  situation  is  obvious,  and 
surely  a  remedy  can  be  obtained  to  prevent  such 
injustice  being  done  these  important  bodies  in 
Canada.  The  plea  of  i)atriotism  evidently  car- 
ries no  weight,  otherwise  the  situation  would  not 
exist.  Loyal  Canadians,  who  are  bearing  their 
share  of  the  additional  burden  caused  by  the 
Euroi)ean  struggle,  and  who  have  sent  large 
numbers  of  their  lirofession  to  the  front,  parti- 
cularly at  suc'Ji  a  time  as  this  should  have  the 
tirst  consideration  on  every  structure  that  is 
planned  to  be  erected  in  this  country. 

Apparently  the  only  solution  of  this  i)roblem, 
as  a  means  of  remedying  an  almost  intolerable 
situation,  is  in  securing  adequate  protection  by 
legislation.  There  is  at  present  a  statute  exist- 
ing in  Canada  whereby  plans  of  buildings  that 
are  designed  outside  the  country  should  be  taxed 
twenty-two  and  one-half  i)er  cent,  plus  seven  and 
one-half  per  cent,  of  one  per  cent,  of  the  cost  of 
the  building  to  be  erected.  The  architects  owe  it 
to  themselves,  in  case  of  laxity  on  the  part  of 
customs  officials,  to  see  that  this  law  is  enforced. 
It  would  be  an  easy  matter  for  the  American 
architect  coming  into  this  country  to  bring  in 
plans,  perhai)s  merely  in  a  rough  stage.  07i  which 
no  duty  would  be  collected,  and  which  could  bo 
completed  here.  If  there  is  any  virtue  in  this 
statute  at  all,  it  should  enable  the  customs  au- 
tliorities  to  collect  the  duty  on  such  plans.  If 
this  were  done  on  the  various  buildings  which 
were  doubtless  designed  in  the  United  States, 
the  customs  coffers  would  be  considerably  en- 
riched. It  is  a  matter  that  the  architectural  as- 
sociations might  deal  with  to  advantage. 

The  situation  outlined  above  should  surely 
bring  home  to  the  men  of  the  architectural  pro- 
fession of  Canada  the  necessity  of  obtaining 
protection,  not  only  against  unfair  competition 
from  a  foreign  country  during  a  time  of  stress 
throuoh  which  we  are  now  going,  but  aNo  against 
the  man  who  styles  himself  an  architect,  and 
whose  only  claim  to  the  title  lies  in  his  own  as- 
surance, backed  by  neitlier  training  nor  educa- 
tion to  give  him  the  natural  (|ualifications. 

Since  the  contracting  interests  are  also  affect- 
ed disadvantageously  by  the  condition  that  pre- 
vails in  Canada  at  the  present  time,  it  would  aji- 
pear  that  an  occasion  is  afforded  by  this  for 
them  to  meet  the  architects  on  mutual  ground 
with  the  common  object  of  discussing  ways  and 
means  of  remedying  conditions  which  at  ])resent 
have  been  thrust  upon  them.  The  contractors 
have  dis])layed  more  energy  in  this  direction 
than  the  ai'chitects,  and  inasmuch  as  the  latter 
are  most  vitally  affected,  it  would  appear  that  no 
time  should  be  lost  in  going  into  tliis  subject, 
with  a  view  to  arriving  at  a  definite  i)lan  of  ac- 
tion, having  as  its  object  overcoming  the  present 
undesirable  situation. 


Architectural  Digest 

Articles  of  More  Than   Passing  Interest  From  Our  Contemporaries 

Hy    l)(.n.il(l    II.    Prentice.  least  are  not  possessed  by  modem  archlleots  and   lluUder. 

Idil.'S  for  delcrnilnlnR  the  heat  loss  from  buildings  Invariably  „m',.nJ'^h«^o  ii^  1"""  tolerably  well  established  and  understood 

lie  hide   a    clause    reifardlnK   the   eximsure,    In    effect    as   follows-  t^il  ?   *  ',      *  **'2  '"'*'•'  ''^•"'  "  H'nUp'l  knowleclRe  of  the  subject 

•Ten    , or    lir.een   or   twenty)    per  cent,    should    be   idded    toThe  n™  .eTwlft^nrL"'  '"TJ'",'"!,""''''^''!','*'  I'"«»«««f<i  by  the  structure 

heal   loss  <;iilcuat6<    with   the  above  constants,   for  a   windy  ex-  Z^nl^Z  iJ,      f^^'',}^''  '"n"'"""''''*-  contents  of  a  l.ulldlnK  from 

....sure.        NothlUK  Is  ever  said  about  decreaslnB   the  calculated  demonH.^«tert  bv^  l^^  other  hand    It   Is  also  a  recoKnlzed   fa.t. 

ie.it   loss  because  of  sunny  exposure,    for  the   bulldluK  must   be  l^^^l  h  iJ^Jlf    ^i     *     "A  ,""'''';'''"l.L'  "°^  Innumerable  experiences, 

bea  ed  on  cloudy  as   well  as  sunny  days,   and  the  radiation   In-  Ln.    bfJn  ^^h",l  P»*f'  "»'  'o  build  a  bulldliiB  which  In  Itself  will 

stalled   must    be   designed   for   the   maximum   heat   loss  and   the  ,^?.L.  ,>^^:,    Whether  It  Is  wise  or  economical   to  do  so  dei)end« 

minimum  heat  gain   from   the  sun's  radiation.  "'*°"  ""inv^ factors,  varying  In  almost  every  instance.     If.  how- 

.UthouKh  the  radiation  allowed  for  warming  a  building  can  not  f^'*,'''i,  '    *.  "'^'''•■•'d  «nd  decided  to  build  fireproof,  and  then  care 

be  .lecreased   because  of  a  sunny  exposure,  yet  te  latter  must  ,*    h '^i;'., '"  ,I""<ir"'>'   «""1l'  t"e   building;    If.    In   fact,    nothing   Is 

luive  considerable  effect  on  the  annual  coal  consumption  for  heat-  "**''',  ®"^'^';  '"  ,"'V  construction  of  the  building  or  In  Its  e.iGlp- 

Mg.      Has  It   more  or  less  effect   than  a  wlndv   ex.Mjsure'     Is  It  "lent  and   furnishings  that  will  support  combustion,    the  danger 

better  to  build  at  a  distance  from  other  structures    which  would  /          KtJ'"}"  *','!''"   '»  obviously  reduced  to  zero.     Also,  a  lire 

be  wind  protectors,  to  secure  a  plentiful  sunlight;  or  Is  It  better  ",".'  ^"''out  '""''l  "'>'  by  any  possibility  Ignite  such  a  building 

to  sacrlMce  the  sunshine  to  gain  wind  shelter''  '""  "*  'y"ite"i»-  "  wall  openings  are  adeipiatelv  protected.     In  the 

The   test    reported   in   this  article   offers  some   Interesting   In-  '""*'*   "' j"  .^feat   contlagratlon.    however,    even    such    a    building, 

formation   on    the   subject.      Obviously   It    is   difflcult   to  compare  surrounded    by  non-dreproof  and    highly    Inflammable  structures 

heating    rwords    of    different    houses,    for    the    construction    can  "J"      '""'•''"lals,    might   suffer,    though    not   directly,   from   lire.      If 

never    be    regarded    as    Identical.      liut    results    observed    In    the  damage  were  done  to  It,  such  damage  would  iirotmbly  be  caused 

same  house  from  day  to  day,  under  varying  weather  conditions  ^^  },       explosion  of  gases  or  the  intense  heat  whldh  might  affect 

are  of  considerable  value,  provided  the  house  has  wind  and  sun  rooting,   (lashings,  and  other  muterlals.   even  though   they  would 

exposures  sufficient  to  be  materially  affected  by  changes  In  these  ""'    burn.      It  Is  admitted   that  even  a   fireproof  building  of  the 

iiuantitles.  inost  advanced  type  Is  somewhat  at  the  mercy  of  Its  neighbors 

The  present  test  was  made  In  an  apartment  covering  the  en-  ,     '*"£  il»"ser  of  lire  Js  Inversely  In  proportion   to  the  number 

tire   second    floor   of  a    frame-and-clapboard    house       The    build-  °'  ^"'^"   Ireproof  buildings  in  a  city;   and   If  it    were  feasible  to 

ing  faces  south  and  has  a   length  of  slxtv  feet  on   this  and  the  ^u"^'!','"",'  *■'"'''„  "'•epriKjf  buildings   In   any  given   area,   we   would 

north    sides.      The    depth    Is   about    thirty"  feet     and    there    Is   a  '"""  .""^\  "'e  (Ire  hazard  in  that  area  very  much  reduced,  if  not 

llfteen-foot   space  at    the   west  end  and   twenty-two-foot  at   the  practically  eliminated.     With  the  progress  that  has  been  made  In 

east.     The  apartment   Is.   therefore,   especially   well   situated    for  fireproof   construction     and    the    Improvements    In    methods    and 

this  particular  experiment.     As  the  long  sides"  are  exposed  to  the  niaterials   re^eorded    within    recent    years,    there    Is   every    reason 

sun  and  the  north  and  northwest  winds,  with  practically  no  nro-  '"  believe   that   the   unburnable  city   will   be   possible  In   the  not 

tectlon    (no   buildings   nearer   than    two    hundred    feet)     and    the  remote    future.      The    unburnable    building    Is    unquestionably    a 

rooms  are   entirely  on    the   second   floor,    the  effects  of  sun   and  reality  to-day,  and  can  be  produced  whenever  It  Is  demonstrated 

wind  are  very  noticeable  'bat.  all  things  considered,  at  Is  the  part  of  wisdom  to  construct 

The  test  was  made  with  normal  operation  of  the  furnace     The  ^'i^^  **  building.     Under  these  circumstances,  statements  to  the 

living   rooms  were   kept   as   near  70   degrees   F    as  possible  and  effect   that  there  is  no  such   thing  as  a  fireproof  building  is  at- 

tbe    bedrooms    about    60    degrees.      Enough    coal    w.-is    burned    to  tempting  to  attract  attention,   which  at   best  can   only    be   local 

maintain  this  temperature  during  the  dav.  the  fire  being  banked  """  Passing,  at  the  price  of  creating  false  Impressions  that  in- 

at   night.     The  heating  system  was  hot-"alr.   the  furnace  having  evitably  are  productive  of  much  harm.— "American  Architect." 

a   ninetten-inch  tlrepot  and   burning  so-called  yard-pea  anthra-  ■  ♦  » 

cite,  about  the  size  of  No.  1  buckwheat. 

The    weather   data    was   secured    from    the   local   office   of  the  CONCRETE    IN    COTTAGE    BUILDING. 

I  .  S.  \\  eather  Hureau.  In  the  course  of  the  proceedings  of  the  recent  conference  held 

Test  of  Hot-air  Furnace,  Serving  Second  Floor  Apartment.  at  Westminster  under  the  auspices  of  the  National  Housing  and 

Mean  out-     Sunshine,     Average  ''°*"    Pla">iinff   Council,    several    references    were    made    to    the 
side  tern-      per  cent      wind  vel-  necessity  for  using  cheap  materials  In  the  building  of  cottages. 
Date.    24  hrs.      Coal  burn-     perature.        of  pos-     city    Miles  -^''''  "■  ^-   r'ate''Son.  A.R.I. B.A..  of  Sheffield,  in  a  memorandum, 
period.                 ed  (lbs.         deg.  F.      sible  hrs        per  hr  duscussed  some  of  the  newer  methods  of  construction.     With  re- 
December     6   98                   30                   26                 14  '   '  '^ard  to  solid  or  hollow  concrete  blocks,  he  said   that  these  built 

December    7  69                 30                 61                100  up  as  walling  stones  and  sometimes  cast  with  a  rough  rock  face 

December     8   \15                  31                     0                  6  2  ^°  Imitate  them  cannot  be  recommended  from  an  aesthetic  point 

December     9 63                   32                   57                 10  0  °^  view.     If  smooth,  or  If  covered  with  rough-cast,  there  Is  not 

December  10 98                   24                 100                 200  the  same  objection.     Solid  continuous  walling  in  concrete  is  filled 

December  11  .  98  24  'i7  ll'g  '"  between  movable  boards,  and  the  face  Is  afterwards  covered 
Dec-ember  12  92  2,5  94  5  6  with  stucco.  There  are  houses  standing  to-day  %vhich  were  built 
Tho  offn^t-  „f  ,..'i^H  "„„  .1,  V,  ...  .u  .  ■  <*"  "^'s  system  over  forty  years  ago.  Monolithic  concrete  walls 
the  effects  of  wind  on  the  heat  loss  from  the  apartment  are  are  built  up  by  an  ingenious  method  whereby  hollow  spaces  are 
shown  by  the  results  for  December  10.  11  and  12.  An  average  left  in  the  centre  of  the  wall,  tending  to  keep  the  house  warm 
wind  velocity  for  twent.y-four  hours  of  twenty  miles  per  hour,  and  dry.  The  whole  may  afterwards  be  covered  with  smooth  or 
as  on  the  10th,  is  quite  high.  On  the  11th  the  velocity  was  about  rough-cast  stucco.  Solid  concrete  walls  reinforced  may  be  made 
one-half  that  of  the  10th.  and  on  the  12th  about  one-fourth.  The  quite  satisfactorily  about  seven  Inches  thick  up  to  the  first  floor, 
sunshine  for  these  three  days  was  about  the  same,  as  was  the  and  five  Inches  thick  above,  but  the  trouble  Is  that  by-laws  will 
outside  temperature.  And  the  daily  coal  consumption  required  not  usually  allow  such  thin  walls  whatever  the  construction  may 
to  keep  the  apartment  at  the  usual  temperature  was  also  prac-  be.  There  are  several  patented  systems  on  the  lines  stated  and 
tically  the  same,  being  a  little  less  on  the  warmer  day.  if  covered  with  stucco  they  appear  to  be  quite  as  good  as  brlck- 
The  llrst  four  days  of  the  week  give  an  interesting  proof  of  work.  If  not  better,  for  there  is  a  natural  affinity  between  con- 
the  inark(>d  effect  of  sunshine.  The  wind  and  outside  tempera-  Crete  and  the  stucco  covering.  Concrete  roofs  are  economically 
ture  were  nearly  the  same,  while  the  sunshine  varied  from  none  formed  of  concrete  reinforced  bv  one  of  the  approved  forms  of 
at  all  to  sixty-one  per  cent,  of  the  possible  number  of  hours.  bars.  Unless,  however,  there  Is  a  celling  under  the  concrete,  the 
The  necessary  fuel  consumption  varied  nearly  Inversely  as  the  rooms  immediately  below  are  very  susceptible  to  changes  in  tem- 
sunshine.  The  slightly  less  coal  used  on  the  9th  as  compared  perature.  In  cold  weather  the  moisture  In  the  house  condenses 
with  the  7th.  despite  fewer  hours  of  sunshine,  may  be  explained  on  the  under  side  of  the  concrete  and  distemper  peels  off.  They 
by  the  difference  in  oiitslde  temperature  and  the  fact  that  on  the  are  usually  nearly  flat,  but  a  good  method  Is  to  form  them  in  a 
9th  the  period  of  sunshine  was  more  nearly  In  the  middle  of  the  segmental  shape  with  a  channel  and  moulding  projecting  over 
day  at  the  sun's  greatest  Intensity.  Comparing  the  results  for  the  wall  faces.  It  Is  quite  easy  to  form  them  in  this  way,  and 
the  6th  with  those  for  the  lOth  and  llth  it  Is  interesting  to  ob-  also  at  the  same  time  to  form  dormer  tops  and  sides,  the  whole 
serve  that  the  longer  periods  of  sunshine  on  the  latter  days  com-  becoming  a  monolithic  structure  without  the  necessity  of  lead 
pen.sate  for  a  difference  of  6  degrees  in  the  average  outdoor  tem-  guttei-.s.  It  is  safer  to  use  asphalt  to  cover  these,  or  at" any  rate 
peratures.  one  of  the  systems  of  rendering  concrete  waterproof.  Professor 
This  test  may  be  criticized  for  Its  shortness,  and  the  writer  '^^  ^-  Adshead.  F.R.I. B.A..  who  discussed  the  possibilities  of  the 
realizes  that  many  more  observations  should  he  made  to  yerifv  future  village,  said  the  materials  of  which  the  solid  \vall.'j  of  the 
or  di.sprove  the  results.  But  the  perfect  consistennv  of  these  cottages  were  constructed  would  depend  on  the  possibilities  of 
seven  days  is  certainly  interesting  and  inevitably  leads  to  one  'be  district.  Where  there  was  plenty  of  gravel  the  construction 
conclusion.  It  may  be  relevant  to  state  that  the  weather  records  would  be  of  concrete.  In  a  brVk  district  it  might  be  cheapest  to 
were  not  secured  from  the  Weather  Bureau  until  the  week  fol-  b.nld  in  brick  or  with  a  combination  of  brick  and  concrete  re- 
lowing  the  coal  measurement,  so  it  was  not  possible  to  prove  a  inforced.  Small  buildings  constructed  of  almost  any  material 
preconceived  notion.  would  prove  satisfactory  if  they  stood  on  a  good  concrete  slab. 
From  this  week's  record  it  is  apparentiv  true  that  wind  *"'  '""<""  lining  of  cottages  should  be  constructed  of  coke  breeze 
velocity  has  very  little  effect  on  the  heat  loss  from  a  reasonablv  concrete  slabs,  and  such  slabs  manufactured  in  immense  quanti- 
well-huilt  house,  and  that  sunshine  plays  a  very  important  part  ""^t  -would  make  cottage  building  25  per  cent,  cheaper.— "Con - 
in  clc-<reasing  coal  consumption  for  residence  heating.     One  would  Crete. 

be  justified,  therefore,  in  exposing  a  house  to  fairly  severe  wind  ■  •  • 

c-onclitions.    provided    thereby    an    appreciable    increase    in    direct  pibc    i  ncccc 

sunshine  was  secured.— "Heating  and  Ventilating  Magazine."  t,,  t,  .  c,  .  »„^  „^„,™    .-!    ™     >-U!>5>t!,. 

.  ^  .                            6         6  PLEASANT  POINT.  ONT.— Pleasant  Point  mill  -ivas  destroy- 

•  ■  ed  by  fire;  loss  $25,000. 

CONFUSION  CONCERNING   FIREPROOF   BUILDINGS.  by  "A'^'hSr'isS^'""'^'   ^'   ^'""'''*  planing  mill  -was  destroyed 

It  is  doubtful  if  any  single  factor  has  done  more  to  confuse  the  ^    MONTREAL.     QUE.— N.     J.     Valiquette's     building,     447     St. 

public    mind    concerning    fireproof    construction    than    the    irre-  Catherine  street,  was  damaged  by  fire:  loss  $5,000. 

sponsible  outgivings  of  insurance  agents  and  others  connected  in  BROCKVILLE,   ONT.— .«enator  Fulford  estate  office  building 

some  remote  and  indirect  way  with  buildings  and  the  problem  of  ^^^  damaged  by  fire;  loss  $50,000. 

making  them  as  nearly  incombustible  as  mav  be  deemed  wise  or  .  »  . 

economical.      Seldom    it    is    that   a    convention    of   insurance   men 

i.s  held— particularly   if  the  gathering  is   in   some  of  the  smaller  INFORMATION  WANTED. 

citie.s— that   the  local  j.apers  do  not  contain  a  sensational  state-  Architect  C    H    Baindle    Snmis    Alan     rte«irea  infnrr.i=tir,r,  ,-o 

nUMU  purporting  to  be  the  opinion  of  some  insurance  "expert"  to  gardrng  hardwa":  metal  celV/Jigsindskyulhts     '""""'^^'^"  ''^• 

238 


Construction  News 

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and  by  our  staff.  These  items  are  pubUshed  in  our  Daily  Report  Service,  and  are  herein 
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BUSINESS    BUILDINGS. 

BKAUCEVILLE,  QLi:.— La  Banque  Nationale,  Quebec;  P.  Le- 
vesque,  115  St.  Jonn  street,  Quebec,  is  preparing  pians  for  a 
branch  bank  to  cost  ?2,5U0.  ■      ^      ,  i   „„    „,.„ 

C.VMPBELLTON,  UNT.— L.  Belanger  is  having  plans  pre- 
pared for  a  brick  house;  cost  $8^00.  u  „   ^„      dwt 

CAPE  TRAVERSE,  P.E.I.— Cape  Traverse  Hall  Co.,  P.E.I. . 
have  plans  from  \V.  Eord  lor  a  brick  and  frame  house. 

C  ARLETOX  N  B  — Telephone  Co.  have  awarded  contract  to 
R    c'  Clark  tor  the  erection  of  a  brick  building  to  cost  $12,000. 

GALT  ONT. — Plans  have  been  drawn  by  Architect  VV.  Car- 
michael,  Montreal,  for  Bell  Telephone  building,  to  be  erected  on 

'  Gl'ELPH  '  ONT.— The  Ontario  Agricultural  College  have 
awarded  contract  to  Secord  &  Son,  Brantford,  tor  a  chemical 
building,  to  cost  $15,000.  .    *      ,^r  n 

LINDS.VY,  ONT.— J.  O'Reilly  has  awarded  contract  to  Neil 
Grav  for  an  office  building.  

at  VRKH  VM  ONT.— J.  Miller,  Unionville,  has  commenced 
work  on  a  Fair  building  for  the  Agricultural  Society. 

PETROLIA  ONT. — The  Crown  Loan  Co.  have  awarded  con- 
tract to  Robert  Jackson  for  a  bank  building.  The  heating  and 
plumbing  is  to  be  done  by  Van  Tuyl  &  Fairbanks,  Petrolia.  The 
cost  will  be  $35,000.  ,.  ^  ..  <.        ,-.„„„„ 

PETERBORO,  ONT. — Plans  have  been  drawn  for  Crown 
building,  to  be  reconstructed  and  one  storey  added. 

PONOKA,  ALTA. — The  Provincial  Architect,  Calgary,  has 
called  for  tenders  on  a  bakery  building  tor  the  asylum. 

QUEBEC,  QUE.— Melle  Robitaille  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
a  brick  house,  to  cost  $4,500.  .      ,     ,  ,  , 

QI'EBEC,  QUE.^E.  &  G.  A.  Carette  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
an  office  building,  to  cost  $25,000. 

SVRNI.V,  ONT.— H.  Mueller  Mfg.  Co..  Ltd.,  has  drawn  plans 
for  an  office  building,  and  has  called  for  bulk  tenders. 

ST.  C.\TH.\R1NES,  ONT. — A  building  is  being  erected  for  J. 
Clench,   county  clerk.  „    ,   , 

ST  JOHN  N.B. — Architect  J.  E.  Fairweather  has  called  for 
tenders  on  a  telephone  building  for  the  N.  B.  Telephone  Co. ;  cost 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Plans  have  been  drawn  for  showrooms 
and  office  building  for  the  Singer  estate,  133  Queen  street  west. 
to  cost  $8,000.  Plans  have  been  drawn  by  Curry  &  Sparling,  IOd 
Bond  street,  and  contract  has  been  awarded  to  Cowlin  &  Son, 
Mail  Building,  for  an  office  building  for  the  Trust  and  Guar- 
antee. Plans  have  been  drawn  by  Burk.  Horwood  &  White  for 
an  office  building  to  cost  $8,000.  The  Imperial  Oil  Co.  has  had 
plans  drawn  for  a  galvanized  iron  wagon  shed.  Esplanade,  to 
cost  $2,000.  The  Ideal  Bedding  Co.  bas  had  plans  drawn  for  a 
brick  factory  to  cost  $2,000.  Architect  J.  M.  Lyle  has  drawn 
plans  for  a  branch  bank  of  the  Bank  of  Toronto  on  Ossington 
avenue.  ,  ,  ^  ,      . 

VICTORI.\.  B.C. — Plans  have  been  drawn  for  a  business 
buildint;  of  the  Investment  and  Securities  Co..  to  cost  $7,500. 

WINDSOR.  ONT. — Huron  and  Erie  Loan  Co.  has  secured  s.ite 
on  Pitt  and  Ouellette  for  an  office  building.  The  work  is  to  be 
started  February,   1917.      «  •  ■ 

CIVIL     ENGINEERING. 
BERGEN  STATION,  MAN. — Plans  have  been  drawn  by  W.  H. 
Beachill,  Rosser,  Man.,  for  a  concrete  bridge  to  be  erected  over 
Loon  Creek. 

C.A'LEUONIA,  ONT.— Clerk  J.  W.  Avery  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  concrete  bridge  abutments. 

CHATHAM,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  three  steel 
and  concrete  bridges.  ..    ,  , 

CORNW.VLL  TOWNSHIP — Tenders  have  been  called  for  28,- 
000  feet  of  concrete  walks. 

DUNDAS,  ONT. — Secretary  J.  E.  McGinty  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  concrete  dam,  18x80. 

DUNNVILLE,  ONT. — Clerk  J.  W.  Holmes  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  sewers  on  Fairview  avenue. 

ESSEX,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  tor  sidewalks. 
ESSEX,  ONT. — Clerk  R.  R.  Brett  has  called  for  tenders  for  50 
ft.    concrete   bridge. 

FERGUS,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  tor  concrete  side- 
walks. 

FORD  CITY.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  water 
mains. 

GIIELPH,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  sewage  plant. 
GUELPH.   ONT. — Engineer   F.   McArthur  has  called   for   ten- 
ders on   1.200  feet  42-inch  castlron   pipe,   and  also  tor  concrete 
sidewalks. 

HALIFAX,  N.S. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  110  feet  of 
steel   bridge. 

KEMPTVILLE.  ONT.— Engineer  E.  R.  Black,  Brockville,  has 
called  tor  tenders  on  a  bridge. 

MAIDSTONE  TWP. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  concrete 
bridge. 

MELANCTHON.  TWP..  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for 
two  steel  firldgcs.  concrete  abutments. 

MOOSE  J.\W.  S.VSK. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  875  feet 
pile  dam. 

NAWER,  SASK. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  concrete 
reservoir. 

NEW  BRUNSWICK — W,  R.  Fawatt.  Temperance  Vale.  N.B., 
has  been  awarded  contracts  for  Provincial  bridges,  to  cost  $40  000. 
NORTH  BAY,  ONT.— Engineer  H.  J.  McAuslan  has  called  for 
tender.^  on  concrete  sidewalks. 

OTTAWA.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  pavements. 
OTTAWA,    ONT. -^Contract    has    been    awarded    to    Dominion 
Bridge  Co.  for  a  bridge  to  cost  $84,158. 

PORT  EIX3IN.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  reinforced 
concrete  bridge. 

PORT  HOPE — Plans  have  been  made  by  J,  W.  Sanders  and 
tenders  have  been  called  for  sewers  In  several  sections. 

QUEEN'S  COUNTY,  N.B.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  a 
steel  construction  to  cost  $20,000. 

RIDGETOWN.  ONT.— Clerk  Geo.  McDonald  has  called  for 
tenders  for  concrete  culverts. 


ROSSER,  M.\N. — Tenders  have  been  called  tor  concrete 
bridge. 

SASKATCHEWAN — Tenders  have  been  called  for  telephone 
exchanges. 

SAULT  STB.  MARIE,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for 
3,750  feet  sewers. 

SIMCOE,  ONT. — Department  of  Public  Works  have  called  for 
tenders  on  fish  -hatchery  building. 

ST.  CATHARINES,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  13,800 
siiuare   yards   of  concrete   pavement. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B. — Clerk  G.  Murdock  has  called  for  tenders  on 
sidewalks. 

ST.  JOHN.  N.B. — Contract  has  been  awarded  to  Maritime 
Dredging  Co.    for  400  feet  of  concrete  breakwater. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Department  of  Public  Works  have  award- 
ed Orpen  Co.,  Ltd..  contract  for  4,107  feet  of  sewers  on  Argyle 
street.  Murphy  &  Barner  have  been  awarded  contract  for  1,827 
feet  of  sewers  on  Ethel  avenue.  R.  J.  Moyes  &  Co.  have  been 
awarded  contract  for  4,147  feet  of  sewers  on  St.  Clair  avenue. 
Connolly  &  .\gnew  have  been  awarded  contract  for  2,428  feet  of 
sewers  on  Maria  street.  Tenders  have  been  called  for  sewers, 
pavements,    roadways. 

THE  PAS,  MAN. — Engineers  Murphy  &  Lenderwood,  Saska- 
toon,  have  called   for  tenders  on  sewers. 

TRAIL,  B.C. — B.  C.  Government  will  build  $15,000  bridge.  En- 
gineer. T.  Kilpatrick. 

TRENTON,  N.S. — Clerk  W.  Fraser  has  called  for  tenders  on 
3,000  feet  of  sewers. 

VICTORI.'\.  B.C. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  3.300  feet 
12-in.   castiron  pipe  and  600  feet  8-in.   castiron  pipe. 

W.ATROUS.  S.\SK. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  construc- 
tion of  one  mile  road. 

WELLAND.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  sewers. 

WELIj.AND,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  repairs  to 
Mooring's  dock. 

WI'^STBOURNE,  MAN. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  two 
concrete  bridges. 

WHE.ATLAND,  MAN. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  concrete 
bridge. 

WINNIPEG.  MAN.— J.  Guilhault  &  Son  have  been  awarded 
contract  for  tile  sewers  to  cost  $5,000. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN. — Secretary  M.  Peterson  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  sewers. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  reinforced 
concrete  bridge. 

WOODSTOCK.  ONT. — Engineer  F.  J.  Ure  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  concrete  walks,  curbs  and  gutters. 


CLUBS,  HOSPITALS,  THEATRES  AND  HOTELS. 

BRANDON,  MAN. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  stores  and 
theatres. 

FREDERICTON,  N.B. — Plans  have  been  drawn  for  the  Vic- 
toria Hospital. 

H.VMILTON,  ONT.— Architects  Stewart  &  Wetton  have  call- 
ed for  tenders  on  a  nurses'  home. 

KINGSTON.  ONT.— .Architect  E.  R.  Beckwith,  C.E.,  has  called 
for  tenders  for  lodge  building. 

MONTREAL.  QUE.— J.  H.  Spence  has  called  for  tenders  on  a 
theatre  owned  l>y  the  Canadian  United  Theatres,  Ltd.,  to  cost 
$200,000. 

NELSON.  B.C. — When  plans  are  drawn  work  is  to  proceed 
on  a  hospital   to  cost  $80,000. 

PORT  ARTHUR.  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  hotel 
to  cost  $8,000. 

STANSTE.AD,  QUE.— The  Stanstead  Inn  Corp.  propose  build- 
ing a   hotel   to  cost   $35,000. 

ST.  JOHN.  N.B. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  hospital  to 
cost  about  $60,000.  Contract  has  been  awarded  for  an  isolation 
hospital. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— A  picture  theatre  is  to  be  erected  at  581 
Gerrard  street  east,  and  tenders  have  been  called.  Plans  are 
being  prepared  for  a  theatre  to  cost  $20,000.  Plans  have  been 
drawn  for  a  theatre  on  Queen  street  east. 

VANCTCTUVER.  B.C.— The  plans  are  being  prepared  for  a 
theatre  on  Hastings  avenue. 

WI^T.T.AND,  ONT. — Plans  have  been  drawn  for  a  hospital  to 
cost  $35,000.  ,  ^  , 

PLANTS,    FACTORIES   AND   WAREHOUSES. 

BERLIN.  ONT. — Plans  are  being  prepared  for  a  factory  on 
King  street. 

BRANTFORD.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  factory 
owned  by  the  Hampel  Paper  Box  Co.,  to  cost  $8,000. 

BURFORD  ONT. — Site  has  been  purchased  by  the  Canadian 
Milk  Product  Co.  for  a  milk  factory,  to  cost  $50,000. 

C.XLGARY,  .\LT.V. — The  .Automatic  Thresher  and  Machinery 
Co.  propose  to  build  a  threshing  machine  factory. 

CHATH.AM.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  factory 
owned  by  the  .American  Pad  and  Textile  Co..  to  cost  $15,000. 

DUNKIRK.  ONT. — Plans  are  being  prepared  for  a  factory 
owneH  bv  the  Merrill  Silk  Co.,  Hornell,  N.Y. 

FERGU''.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  factory 
owned  by  Beatty  Bros.,  to  cost  $8,000. 

GUELPH.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  H.  Walker  & 
Son's  new  warehouse. 

H.ALIFAX.  N.S. — Three  large  shipbuilding  concerns  propose 
ituilding  plants  here. 

HAMILTON.  ONT.— The  Hamilton  Foundry  Co.  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  a  foundry.  Victor  Saw  Works  have  had  plans 
drawn  tor  a  factory  to  cost  $6,000.  Oliver  Chilled  Plow  Work". 
have  had  plans  drawn  for  a  factory  on  Burlington  street  to  cost 
$2,000.  Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  factory  on  Stirton 
avenue,  owned  bv  .Appleford  Counter  Check  Book  Co.,  I>td.  Con- 
tract has  been  awjirded  to  G.  Frld  &  Co.  for  a  factory  owned  by 
the  Canadian  Cartridge  Co.,  to  cost  $20,000.  Plans  have  been 
-^rawn  for  a  factory  owned  by  W.  .A.  Freeman  to  cost  $1,500. 
Plan's  have  been  drawn  for  a  brick  and  frame  construction  owned 
by  J.   Marks  to  cost  $5,000.     Contract  has  been  awarded  to  G. 


239 


>4(: 


CONSTRUCTION 


Alllla  for  a  Invtory  owned  liy  the  Hamilton  Stump  nn.l  Stencil 
\\'>rkH  It)  ci*sl  |2.2<iii.  riaiiH  hiive  been  drawn  lor  u  MtoruKt*  build- 
ing ownvil  by  A.  KiiikowHiii  lo  cost  $4.0()U.  !•.  K.  IJuliey  I'o.  have 
inirrhaxrii  a  »iti'  lor  a  lailorv  lo  <o»t  tlUlM"'!'- 

I.IOAMINCJTD.N.  ().\  i,-'Heintz  IMcklo  Co.,  Leamington,  are 
liavlMK  I'lans  prepared  for  a  lactorv  lo  com  |:iii,uilli. 

I.OM'ON.  O.NT. — Conlraet  has  been  awarded  by  \V.  H. 
Ilearil.  London,  lo  JanieM  i'attin  for  a  factory  lo  cobI  il,0()(l. 
I'onliarl  lia«  been  awarded  to  Hyall  Uron.  for  a  warehouse  lo 
•■osl  $1N.IHI(I,  owned  by  Webster-Harvey  Co.  Contract  has  been 
iiwardeil  to  John  llayman  *  Sons,  432  WelllnKlon  street,  for  a 
Ijiclory  t)  cost  110,(1110,  owned  bv  K.  Leonard  *  Son, 

LINDSAY,  0.\T,— Contract  has  been  awarded  H.  T.  Hlckey, 
I'lterboro,    for  a   woolen   mill,   owned   bv    Horn    Uros. 

.MO.NTUK.VL,  gi'K.— The  Misses  Scoll.  SI  Kedi)ath,  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  a  factory  on  itedpath  street  to  cost  Jl.itOO.  The 
Canadian  Tube  and  Iron  Co.  have  had  iiluns  drawn  for  an  oltUf 
in  the  rear  of  llaniillon  street  to  cost  $2,500.  l.,yinburBer.  Ltd.. 
.'ilfi  Commissioner,  have  had  plaTis  drawn  for  a  warehouse  lo  cost 
»s,(HH).  I'lans  have  been  drawn  for  a  warehouse  at  SI.  .\dellne 
and  MarlboroUKh  for  a  warehouse  to  cost  $3,000.  Contract  has 
been  aHurded  to  John  Ijulnlan  for  a  plant  owned  bv  the  Arni- 
.stronK-Whlteworth  Co.  to  cosl  $750,000.  I'lans  have  been  drawn 
for  a  warehouse  owned  by  H.  Korller  to  cost  $7,000.  The  I))niln- 
lu:i  Oilcloth  Co,  have  had  plans  drawn  for  a  factory  to  cost  $4,000. 

NIAGAK.V  FALLS,  ONT, — llroas  iJros.  have  commenced  work 
on  a  factory  owned  by  .McQlashan-Clark  Co.   lo  cosl  $25,000. 

OKI  i  J. I  A,  DNT.— Contract  has  been  awarded  to  K.  \Vet>l>  & 
Son  for  a  factory  owned  by  G.  Forbes,  Heapeler,  Ont. 

I'OINT  KDWAItl),  ONT.— <ieo,  Oakley,  Toronto,  and  E.  F. 
C.lberson,  Illinois,  propose  bulldlnK  a  stone-culling  concern  here. 

gCKHHC,  tiCF,.— The  Internatijnal  Land  and  Lumber  Co., 
<)ttawa,  are  having  plans  drawn  for  a  paper  mill. 

SI.MCOI';,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  factory 
owned   by   the    I'niiiue   Shoe  Co, 

ST.  CATHAHINKS,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  on  a 
factory  owned  by  I'ackard  Kleetiic  Co.  McKinnon  Sash  and 
Jlelal  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  a  factory  lo  cost  $50,000. 

ST.  THOMAS.  ONT.— C.  Phillips  propose  building  a  glove 
factory. 

TIMMINS.  ONT.— Premier  Mines  proposes  building  a  power 
plant. 

TuUO.NTO.  ONT.— The  Canadian  liag  Co.,  Paton  road,  have 
had  plans  drawn  for  a  factory,  (^onlract  has  been  awarded  to  W. 
Wheeler,  54  Tecumseh,  for  a  warehouse  owned  by  F.  T.  James, 
Cluiicn  and  Collwrne.  Northrop  &  Lyman  Co.  has  awarded  con- 
tract t)  WItcheli  &  Son  on  a  factory  to  cost  $50,000.  Work  has 
commenced  on  the  factory  of  1...  White  &  Son,  William  street. 
Tenders  have  been  called  by  the  Department  of  Public  Works 
on  an  examining  warehouse  to  cost  $,500,000,  on  Front  street, 
Henschlen  &  McLaren,  Chicago,  have  had  tenders  called  on  Wm. 
Davies  Co.'s  ice  plant.  Front  street,  to  cost  $45,000.  Tenders 
will  be  called  in  three  months  on  the  Wm.  Davies  Co.'s  packing 
plant,  Don  and  gueen  streets,  to  cost  $1,500,000.  Contract  has 
been  awarded  to  C.  Tonkin,  Oakwood  avenue,  on  a  factory  own- 
ed by  Soper  &  Co.,  Lawton  avenue,  to  cost  $5,000.  Tenders  have 
bi'cn  called  on  a  factory  owned  by  Canada  Cycle  and  Motor 
Works  to  cosl  $100,000.  The  Campbell  Flour  MiU'Co.  has  award- 
ed contract  to  Tromanhouser  Co.,  Temple  liullding,  for  a  ware- 
house. .Architect  F.  R.  Phillips  has  drawn  plans  for  the  new 
factory  on  Queen  street  east,  owned  by  the  Hamilton  Carhartt 
Co. 

VANCOUVER,  IS.C— The  Canadian  Products  have  had  a 
liy-law  passed  for  an  evaporating  plant  to  cost  $30,000.  Contract 
cas  Keen  Mworf^ed  to  Cotton  Co.,  Ltd.,  on  the  plant  owned  bv 
Canadiii"  Fi-bing  Co.,  T^td. 

WAI  KI'IRVILLK,  ONT.— Motor  Products  Co.,  Detroit,  pro- 
pose Iniilding  a  motor  plant. 

WELl.A.ND.  ONT.— Architect  A.  E.  Nichola.«.  St.  Catharines, 
is  preparing  plans  for  tlie  factory  -^wned  In'  Welland  V'lv  Co. 
The  Central  .Macaroni  Works,  Huffalo,  N.Y.,  have  purchased  a 
site  and   propose  building  n  factory  at  a  cost  of  $10,000. 

VICTORI.X.  I?.C. — Parfitt  Hro"!..  contractors,  have  commenced 
work  on  the  Deiiartnieiil  of  Marine  and  Fisheries  v.-arehouse  to 
cost  $lfi.30(i.  .  ♦  . . 

PUBLIC    BUILDINGS    AND    STATIONS. 

LEVIS.  QUE. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  station  and 
train  shed. 

MONTHE.VL,  QUE. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  comfort 
station.^. 

TlLHUrtY,  ONT.— M.  C.  Ry.  Co..  St.  Thomas,  are  having  plans 
prepared    for   a    station    to   cost   $10,000. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  sub-station 
belonginir  to  Toronto  Hvdro-Electric. 

VA.NCorvl';R.  li.C— Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  station 
owned  bv  the  CNR.,  whicli  will  cof^t  $100,000.  Tende— =  bjn" 
been  called  for  a  station  belonging  to  the  Canadian  Northern 
RailwMV  to  cost   SlnoO.OOO. 

Wl.VDSOR.  O.N'T.- The  Detroit  and  Windsor  Ferry  Co.  are 
>';ivinir  plans  d?-awn  for  a  ferry  dock  and  waiting  room  to  cost 
$125,000.  .  ♦  . 

RESIDENCES.    STORES    AND    FLATS. 

ARNER.  ONT. — I'lans  ar*^  *^-^ing  prcjiared  for  a  residence 
owned  hv  .\.  Avner  to  cosl  $3,000. 

.VTWOOTI.  ONT. — Plans  are  being  prepared  for  a  residence 
for  ilrs.  R.  Hanna  to  cn.st  $4,000. 

.\URURN,  ONT. — PU^ns  are  bein<T  prepared  for  a  residence 
belonging  to  C.  E.  .\sanith  to  cost  $3,500.  Plans  are  being  pre- 
pared for  a  residence  owned  bv  K.  Helwid  to  cost  $4,000 

.\YI.,:viKI{.  ONT— Cr,ntraol  has  been  awarded  to  C.  M.  Smith 
for  H  resirience  owneri  >^v  JoVin  H.  Strachan  to  cost  $4  000. 

HELLF\'n.I,E,  OVT. — Work  has  started  on  n.  V.  Doyle's 
residence  to  co«t  »4  00(1.  Work  has  started  on  M.  R.  Doyle's 
residence  to  cost    S3  fiOO. 

HELMO.VT.  OVT— Plans  have  been  drawn  for  .\.  Harknes.s' 
residence  to  cost  *■)  "oo.  Plans  are  being  prepared  for  C.  liaron's 
residence  to  cost  $3  oiio. 

HLENHEIM.  o^"^  _pia„s  have  been  drawn  for  H.  I>.  Bis- 
nett's  st-'i'  tfi  co.st  »4  000. 

liU.WTFOKD.  O.VT— Plans  have  been  drawn  for  H  W 
Turiilnill-s  residence  to  cost  $2,000.  Plans  have  been  drawn  for  a 
galvanized  iron  warehouse  owned  by  Ham  &  Nott  to  cost  $3  000 

BRTGDEN.  ONT.— Contract  has  been  awarded  to  A.  Rlaikie 
Inwood.  Ont..  for  John  Poland's  residence  to  cosl  «4  000  Plan.s 
have  been  drawn  for  a  manse  for  the  Preshvterian  Church  to  cost 
J4  000.  Plans  are  beinr'  prepared  for  a  residence  belonging  to 
\\  m.    .=!haw   to  cost    $4,000. 

F^rtOCKVILLK.   O.vr.— Plans  are   to  be  prepared   for  a   busi- 


ness block   owned    bv   the    Fulford   estate   to   cost    $30  000 

liKUSSHLS      ONT— Plans    are    being    prepared    for    W. 
.'^tretton  s  residence  to  cuoi  $4,000. 


F. 


CAUOHNAWAQA.  QUB.-Tenders  are  being  called  for  a 
teachers'  residence  owned  by  the  Depurlment  ol  Inulan  Affalra 
Ottawa. 

CHATS  WORTH.  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  E  P. 
McConvey's  residence  to  cost  $4,000. 

CHIPI'EWA.  ONT.— Plans  are  prepared  for  Norton  &  Co. 
residences  to  cosl  $2,500  each.  The  company  will  build  twenty- 
live    frame   residences. 

DORCHESTER,  ONT,— Plan»  are  being  prepared  for  N.  Nu- 
genfs  residence  to  cosl  $4,000. 

H.\MlLTON,  ONT. — Plans  have  lieen  drawn  for  E.  R.  liond's 
lesldenc'e  to  <>08l  $3,500,  and  E.  Wright's  residence  to  cost  $2.UOo 
Plans  have  been  drawn  for  A.  V.  Smith's  live  brick  residences  lo 
cc.st  $2,000  each,  and  for  J.  H.  Stewart's  brick  garage  to  cost 
$2,5(10.  i-ians  have  been  drawn  for  residence  of  hluart  Hros.  to 
cosl  $4,000.  I'lans  have  been  drawn  for  C.  O.  Hudson's  residence 
lo  cost  $3,000.  i'lans  have  been  drawn  for  J.  Mc.Naught's  resi- 
dence. Somerset  avenue,  lo  cosl  $2,000.  Hainillon  l>welling  Co. 
have  plans  drawn  for  three  frame  residences  lo  cost  $4. 000. 
t  ontract  awarded  to  R.  Isblster  for  residence  owned  by  F  T 
Moore  lo  cost  $8,000.  Work  commenced  on  residence  belonging 
lo  S  Golden,  cost  $2,500.  F.  Havers  has  plans  drawn  for  three 
residences,  two  to  cost  $3,5oo,  and  one  to  cost  $6,000  W  E 
lilalz  has  plans  drawn  for  live  residences  to  cost  $10,000  W  K 
McKlm  has  plans  drawn  for  two  residences  to  cost  $7  000  C 
Widdup  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,400  A  J 
MeFadden  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,000.  Contract 
awarded  lo  J.  E.  Saddler  for  W.  Cook's  residence  to  cost  $2,000 
E.  A.  Seymour  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,000 
Mrs.  P.  Wilson  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $3  000  J 
W.  Williamson  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $3,000. 
Mrs.  Walton  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  lo  cosl  $2,000  W 
P,VJ,  'j  ,  •''  I''"""  ''rawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,000.  Ida  m' 
Gllliard  has  plans  drawn  for  six  residences  to  cosl  $7  000  Con- 
tract has  l>een  awarded  to  W.  Hobbs  for  W.  Chlswell's  residence 
lo  cost  $,i,500.  Dr.  Truman  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to 
cost  $5,(100.  C.  Rudolph  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  coat 
$2,000.  Contract  has  been  awarded  to  W.  Teaker  on  two  resi- 
dences owned  by  F.  New  lo  cost  $2,000  each. 

RESPELER.  ONT.— Contract  has  been  awarded  to  Grill  Bros 
and  Prestlen  &  Bartles  on  seven  residences  to  cost  $2,000  each 
lielonging  to  F.  Forbes  Co. 

LISTOWEL  ONT  —Plans  are  being  prepared  for  bungalow 
belonging  to  Misses  Hay,  to  cost  $4,000,  Plans  are  being  pre- 
pared for  residence  owned  by  E.  Bennett  to  cost  $3  500 

I..ONDON,  ONT.— Contract  has  been  awarded  to  .James  .Nell- 
son,  Pottersburg,  Ont.,  for  residence  owned  by  F  G  .Moore  lo 
cost  $3,000.  Work  has  commenced  on  W.  I.,ane's  residence  to 
cost  $3,000  Plans  are  being  prepared  for  residence  belonging 
to  Major  H.  N.  Abel  to  cost  $10,000.  Contract  awarded  lo  F 
Corley  on  residence  belonging  to  A.  Spelr  to  cost  $3,000  Con- 
tract awarded  to  John  Putherbough  for  Dr.  Hadlev  Williams' 
residence  to  cosl  $12,000.  Contract  awarded  lo  R.  j  Kelly  for 
residence  l)elong'ng  to  Henry  Taylor  to  cost  $3,500.  Plans  are 
being  prepared  for  four  residences  owned  ani  built  bv  Coon 
Syndicate  to  cost  $4,000.  Contract  awarded  to  G.  H  Wallls  for 
residence  owned  tiy  T.  Dickson  to  cost  $3,000.  Contract  awarded 
lo  Contr.  Buzzard  for  residence  owned  by  Fred  Reelhoff  lo  cost 
$3,000.  Contract  awarded  to  R.  J.  Kelly  for  residence  owned  bv 
T.  H.  Janes  to  cost  $3,000.  Plans  are  being  prei)ared  addition 
to  store  and  garage  owned  by  West  Floral  Co.  to  cost  $(i  000 
Excavating  four  residences  owned  by  the  Copp  Syndicate  to  cost 
$12,000.  Contract  has  been  awarded  on  Charles  Hunter's  resi- 
dence to  cost  $3,000.  Contract  has  been  awarded  to  Hyatt  Bros 
on  resl''ence  owned  bv  J.  Routledge  to  cost  $3.?00.  Contract  has 
been  awarded  to  T.  Bottrill  on  residence  owned  bv  Geo  Pood  to 
cost  $3,500.  Plans  are  being  prejiared  for  J.  Henderson's  resi- 
dence to  cost  $7,000.  Plans  have  been  drawn  for  residence  owned 
by  J.  Orme  to  cost  $4,000.  Plans  have  been  drawn  for  residence 
owned  by  R.  H.  Smith  to  cost  $3,000.  Plans  have  been  drawn 
for  residence  owned  by  W.  Bossence  lo  cost  $4,500.  Plans  have 
.T^-A.. ''''?,7"  ''"'■  residence  owned  by  F.  H.  Kilbourne  to  cost 
$6.,)00.  Plans  are  l>eing  prepared  for  residence  belonging  to  A 
O.  Hunt  to  cost  $5,000.  Contract  awarded  to  Martvn.  London  for 
residence  owned  by  Geo.  Howe  to  cost  $4,000.  Contract  awai-ded 
to  A.  Dickinson  for  residence  owned  bv  Wm.  R  Reid  to  cosl 
$3,500.  Contract  awarded  to  Hopp  for  residence  owned  by  Chas 
E.  Pratt  to  cost  $3,500.  Contract  has  been  awardei  to  Hvatt 
Bros,  for  residence  owned  by  Wm.  Hardy  to  cost  $3,500  Con- 
tract has  lieen  awarded  to  Tambling  &  Jones  for  apartments 
owned  by  Bank  of  Montreal  to  cost  $7,000.  Plans  have  been 
drawn  for  residence  owned  by  D.  Leckee  to  cost  $4,000  Plans 
are  being  prepared  for  apartment  house  owned  by  R.  ^fcKnight 
to  cost  $4,600.  E.  Emery  has  plans  drawn  for  two  resPences  to 
Church  of  Redeemer  congregation  to  cost  $4,000 

MELFORT.  SASK.— Gillespie  &  Murphy  have  purchased  site 
for  a  garage  on  .\lberta  avenue.  The  work  is  to  commence  in 
the  fall. 

T„.*ll^''"*i^,    i.>NT— Messrs.    J.    E.    Bell.    J.    W.    Smith.    J.    W. 
Blight  and  J.  D.  Hume  are  erecting  residences. 

MILVERTON  ONT.-J.  B^iben  is  having  plans  prepared  for 
his  residence  on  Main  .street  to  cost  $3  500 

AfTTCHET.T..  ONT  — D.  Etty  has  had  work  commenced  on  his 
residence  to  cost  $2,000.  A.  R.  Barley  has  had  work  commenced 
on  his  residence  to  cost  $2,200.  F.  c.  Horde  has  had  work  com- 
menced  on   his   residence    to   cost   $2  500 

MONTREAL.  QUE.— Jos.  Gregoire  has  plans  drawn  for  three 
residences  to  <;ost  $2,000  each  John  Walsh  has  nlans  drawn 
for  two  residences  to  cost  $1,000  each.  John  Parisien  has  plans 
drawn  for  four  residences  to  cost  $6,000.  White  Construction 
and  Realty  have  had  plans  drawn  for  two  residences  to  cost 
SS.OOO.  .Soardokos  has  had  i)lans  dra-n  for  two  stores  to  cost 
S2.000  each.  K.  P.  Wallace  has  bad  n'ans  drawn  for  a  residence 
to  cost  $4  500.  E.  Emery  has  plans  'rawn  for  two  residences  to 
cost  $3,200.  G.  I'aradis  has  plans  Hrawn  for  two  residences  to 
cost  $2,800  each.  Lord  Shaughre^v  has  plans  drawn  for  altera- 
tions to  residence  on  Dorchester  west  to  cost  $5  000  Gen. 
Blackett  has  nlans  drawn  f"v  two  residences  to  cost  Jin  00" 
Geo.  Winsper  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $1,500  M. 
Chromer  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,000.  Jeane 
Bruinette  has  plans  drawn  for  eight  residences  to  co.st  $32,000. 
.Arthur  Clonlhier  has  plans  drawn  for  one  residence  on  Old 
Orchard,  near  Church,  to  cost  $3,300;  two  residences  on  Wilson, 
near  Church,  to  cost  $6.sn0:  one  residence  on  Harward.  near 
Church,  to  cost  $3  300.  .A.  L.  Brochu  has  plans  drawn  for  a 
residence  to  cost  $4  000.  M.  Lapienne  has  plans  drawn  for  a 
residence  to  cost  $S  000.  St.  Germalne  has  plans  drawn  for  six 
residences  to  cost  $8,000.  H.  Legault  has  plans  drawn  for  two 
residences  to  cost  $3,200.  Russell  Cowans  has  plans  drawn  for 
a  residence,  cost  $7,000.  John  Domininue  has  plans  drawn  for 
two  residences  to  cost  $6,000.  H.  AVilinskv  has  plans  drawn  for 
two  residences  to  cost  $5,000.  T.  N.  Routham  has  plans  drawn 
for  three  stores  and  twelve  residences  to  cost  $2,000.    H.  Brunelle 


CONSTRUCTION 


241 


has  plans  crawn  for  residence  to  cost  I5.0U0.     J.  A.  Colleret  has 
plans  drawn  for  store  anj  flats  to  cost  $2,500. 

AiOL'NT  FOREST,  ONT. — vv.  J.  Giiroy  is  preparing  plans  for 
a  residence  to  cost  $3,500. 

NEW  WESTMINSTER,  B.C.— Mrs.  J.  C.  Armstrong  has 
awarded  contract  to  J.  C.  Allen  for  residence  to  cost  $6,000. 

OWEN  SOUND,  ONT. — Lemon  Bros,  are  prepar.ng  plans  for 
a  produce   store  to  cost  $60,000. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— L,.  E.  Stanley  &  Co.  proposes  building  a  de- 
partmental store. 

PORT  BURWELL,  ONT.— A.  R.  Might  &  Son  have  awarded 
contract  to  Meyers  Bros,  for  addition  to  store  to  cost  $6,000, 

QUEBEC,  QUE. — J.  E.  Bedard  has  work  commenced  on  his 
residence  to  cost  $5,000;  Alf.  Couture  has  plans  drawn  for  a  resi- 
dence to  coot  $4,500;  Chas.  Jobin  has  plans  drawn  for  a  residence 
to  cost  $5,000;  Chas.  Jobin  has  plans  drawn  for  a  residence  to 
to  cost  $16,000;  .\lf.  Bedard  has  plans  drawn  for  a  residence  to  cost 
$10,000;  J.  R.  Demers  :has  plans  drawn  (or  a  residence  to  cost 
$7,000;  Martel  &  Beaupre  have  plans  drawn  for  residences  to  cost 
$12,000;  Fred  Cote  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $7,500; 
Ed.  Tremblay  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $18,000; 
J.  H.  Jobin  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $6,000;  L,a 
Caisse  D'Economie  has  plans  drawn  for  alterations  to  residence 
to   cost    $5,000. 

RIDOETOWN,  ONT.— Watson  Taylor  has  plans  drawn  for  a 
residence   to   cost   $3,200. 

RIPLEY,  ONT. — W.  Knight  has  plans  drawn  for  residence 
to  cost  $3,000. 

SAULT  STE.  MARIE,  ONT.— W,  H.  Ewing  has  had  worlj 
started   on  residence   to  cost   $S,000. 

SHERBROOKB,  QUE.— J.  O.  Darche  has  commenced  worl< 
on  residence  to  cost  $8,000. 

STANSTEAD,  QUE.— G.  Coffey  has  commenced  work  on 
residence  to  cost  $2,000;  E.  Brock  has  commenced  work  on 
residence   to  cost   $3,000 

STRATHROY,  ONT.— E.  Morron  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence to  cost  $4,000. 

SYDNEY,  N.S. — J.  J.  Power  has  awarded  contract  to  R.  C 
Bully   for  residence   to  cost   $6,000. 

SUDBURY,  ONT.— Woodward  &  Co.,  Winripesr,  have  awarde  1 
contract   to  Laberge   Lumber  Co.    for  50   residences. 

THAMESFORD.  ONT.— G.  HamJlton  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence  to  cost  $3,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Joseph  Hill  has  piano  drawn  for  two  resi- 
dences to  cost  $5,000.     Architect  P.   A.   Finrev  has  drawn  plans 
for  Mrs.  W.  A.  Wilson's  residence  to  co=^t  $6,500.     H.  Moore  has 
plans   drawn    for   residence    to   onpt    $3,000.      Tenders   have   been 
called  on  stores  ownei  by  M.   Hnmblv  on   St.   Clair  avenue.     S. 
Jackson  has  plans  drawn   for  residence  to  cost  $3,200.     Tenders 
have  been  called  on   three  pair  residences  owned  by  Dr.   Grim- 
shaw.     Dr.  J.  B.  Hall  has  had  plans  drawn  for  store  and  flats  to 
be  built  by  Jas.   Paterson.     Wm.   Edmonds  has  plans  drawn  for 
residence  to  cost  $3,500.     Architect  has  drawn  plans  for  one  pair 
residences  owned  by  R.  G.  Hammill  to  cost  $4,500.     S    F    Lankin 
has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $3,200     H.  A.  Johnston  has 
plans  drawn   for  residence  on   Pino  crescent   to  cost   $3,500      D. 
Bunker  has   plans   drawn   for   stores  and    aoartnients   on   Royce 
avenue  to  cost  $12,000.    Architects  Wickson  &  Gregg.  Kent  Build- 
ing,  have  drawn  plans  for  store  front  at  95   Bloor  west,  owned 
by  Mrs.  John  Wilson.    A.  F.  Walford  has  commenced  work  on  one 
pair  residences  at  Golfview  and  Gerrard  to  cost  $4,000.     F.  For- 
sythe  has  awarded  contract  to  Sharp  &  Brown  for  residence  at 
138  Runnymede  road  to  cost  $4,000.     S.  R.  Foxall.  123  McRoberts 
avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  a-ldition  to  his  residence.     Architect 
E.  G.  Wilson,  77  Victoria  street,,  has  plans  drawn  for  alterations 
to    residence   at   96   Albany  avenue,    owned   by  M.    H.    Cook,    501 
Bloor  west,   to  cost  $3,000.     S.  G.   Smith,   98  Pacific  avenue,   has 
plans  drawn 'for  residence  nt  261   Windemere  to  cost  $3,500.     E. 
Scofton.   33  Taunton   road,   has   plans  drawn   for  a  residence   on 
Taunton  road  to  cost  $2,500.     J.  Lucas  is  having  plans  prepared 
for  one  pair  residences  on  GiUiard,  near  Pape.     Architects  Wil- 
liam &  Ure  has  drawn  plans   for  residence  for  E.   J.   Lavitz    20 
Lowther,  on  Glenholme,  to  cost  $4,500.     Architect  C.  A.  Cobb,  71 
Bay  street,  has  called   for  tenders  on  residence  on   Lonsdale   to 
cost  $25,000.     C.  Macintosh,  110  Hiawatha,  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  a  residence  on  Hiawatha  to  cost  $3,000.     J.  Siade,  189  Beach 
avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  two  pairs  residences  at  181  Beach 
avenue    to    cost   $14,000.      W.    Ostygen,    U    Cobourg   avenue,    has 
plans  drawn  for  residence  on  Coburg  avenue  to  cost  $1,800.    Kerr 
&  Martin  have  had  plans  drawn  for  residence  on  Golfview  avenue 
to  cost  $3,500.     W.    Mellish,   128   Boon  avenue,   has   plans  drawn 
for    alterations    to    residence    on    Boon    avenue.      R.    Lankin.    85 
Hogarth   avenue,    is   having  excavation    done   at   34  Arundel   for 
residence  to  cost  $3,000.     Architects  Molesworth,  West  &  Secord. 
2  College  street,  have  plans  drawn  for  H.  L.  Kerr,  Kent  Building, 
for  residence  on  Douglas  avenue  to  cost  $8,000.     Max  Velisk  has 
plans  drawn  for  store  front  at  2171  Dundas  "tvcet.     Dodge  Mfg. 
Co.    has  plans  dr.nwn  for  a  garage  to  cost  $2,000.     A.   W.   Clen- 
dennan  &  Son,  262  Brunswick  avenue,  have  plans  drawn  for  one 
pair  residences  at  797  Euclid  avenue  to  cost  $1,500.     W.  W.  Dale. 
12  Butternut  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  on  Ellerbeck 
to  cost  $?,500.     .\rchitect  W.  R.  Gregg,  23  Jordan  street,  is  pre- 
paring plans  for  store  front  and  painting  for  John  Wanless,   243 
Yonge   street.     Architect  C.    S.    Cobb,   71   Bay   street,   has  called 
for  tenders  on  cottage  at  Weston,  owned  by  the  National  Sani- 
tarium Assrciation,  to  cost  $5,000.     Wm.  Davies,  331  Front  street. 
has  plans  drawn  for  a  garage  at  Mill  street  to  cost  $3,000.     Archi- 
tects Sproat  &  Rolph,  34  North  street,  are  prenarin<;  n'ais  for  a 
residence  at  York  Mills  to  cost  $25,000,  owned  bv  H.  S.  Strathy, 
71   Queen's   Park.      M.   C.   Charters,    110  Caroline,   has  called  for 
tenders  on  residence  en  Caroline  avenue.     Architect  P.  R.  Barry 
has  drawn  plans  for  a  residence  and  garage  on  Lvtton  avenue  to 
cost  $6,000,  owned  by  S.  N.  Hughes,  35  Roxboro.     W.  R.  Gibb    24 
Stacey.  has  drawn  plans  for  a  residence  on  Stacev  street  to  cost 
»2,?00.     F.  W.  Smith,  178  Sheldrake,  has  commenced  work  on  his 
residence  in  Lawrence  Park.     H,  C.  Warren,  178  Howick,  has  had 
plans  drawn  for  cottage  on  Howick  to  cost  $2,000.     J.  Montgom- 
ery,  326  Gladstone  avenue,   has  plans  drawn    for  one   pair   resi- 
dences on  Blackthorn  avenue  to  cost  $4,500.  Chas.  Gibson,  70  Lyn- 
hurst.  has  called  for  tenders  on  residence.  B.  Grant  has  plans  drawn 
for  one  pair  residences  on   Baton  avenue   to  cost  $5,000.     M.  H. 
McLeod,    32    Leopold,    has   plans   drawn    for   alterations   to   resi- 
dence.     L.    J.    Wookev    has   called    for   tenders   for   residence    in 
Castle  Frank  to  cost  $10,000.     W.  J.  Hill,  35  Woolfrey,  has  called 
for  tenders  on   duplex  residence  at  133  Hamilton  to  cost   $5,000 
Architect  P.  H.  Finney,  79  Adelaide  east,  is  preparing  plans  for 
two   ref-idences  on   Beach  and   Balsam   to  cost   $6,500.   owned   by 
Mrs.    Wilson,   Beach  avenue.     Contracts  have  been  awarded   by 
McEaehren   &   Son.   Royal   Bank  Building,   for  additions  to  resi- 
dence: carpentering.  S.  Coombs.  66  Curzon;  heating.  McFadden; 
p'ectric.   S.  A.   Newman;   plumbing.  R.   Nelson.     M.  C.  Charters. 


ivemie  to  co4  «  AA,;   ^^^  ,P^V^  f'™^"  '<"■  ■•esidence  on  Caroline 
avenue  to  cost  $3,000.     H.  F.  i.owier.  101  Bowood.  has  plans  drawn 
for   resiaence  at   103    Bowood   to   cost   $3,000.     F.   A    McCake    56 
Mountview  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  at  Clendenan 
nra''ns"d,l°wn°^'o*'''""'^-.    *="'°-   W'^''-^"'    ^^^^   Bathurst  sirlerhis 
to  cnsf  i?mfn     T   I'^^ii'*'"''*;,  ^'l'^    ^'^'■'^se    on    Westmount   avenue 
for   sfovlj        H    fl  ^-  ?"«»«"■  J514  Yonge  street,  has  plans  drawn 
for   stores  and   flats    to  cost   $7,000.      W.    Millichamp,   237   Poplar 
Lf    1/-?^   •  ^f^  awarded  contract  to  A.  Webb.  13  Shirley  street, 
lor  additions  to  residence  on  Poplar  Plains  road   to  cost  $5,000. 
.Architect  J.  A.  Thatcher,  37  Cowan  avenue,  has  called  for  tenders 
on  stores  and  apartments  on  Moriey  and  Gerrard  "to  cost  $15,000. 
c.   ii,vans,   163  Westminster,  has  awarded  contract  for  additions 
to  residence  on  Glen   road.     Mrs.    E.   Taylor,    162  Deleware,   has 
called  for  tenders  on  apartment  house  at  29  Breadalbane  street 
to  cost   $5,000.     J.   Devan,   51   Bird  avenue,   has   the   walls  up  on 
his  resioence  on  Lauder  avenue  to  cost  $7,000.     Chas.  Howell  has 
plans  drawn  for  alterations  to  residence.     W.  A.  Wilson,  9  F"ern- 
wood  avenue,   has  plans  drawn  for  two  sun  rooms      D    Rosana 
137  Vanhorne,   has  plans  drawn   for  store  front      S    Kevan    255 
Queen   west,   has  plans  drawn  for  store   front.     J.   Cameron'  has 
awarded  contract  for  residence  on  Warren  road.     G.  Martin    100 
Wood  street,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  at  67  Sellers  avenue 
to  cost  $2,500.    Erection  is  to  commence  of  residence  on  Rainsford 
road,    owned    by    Miss   Isabella    Mitchell,    Fairford    road.      W     P 
Leveck,    519    Roxton    road,    has    plans    drawn    for    residence    oti 
Geoffrey  street  to  cost  $6,000.     H.  Lucas,  lis  Felstead,  is  prepar- 
ing plans  for  one  pair  residences  to  cost  $2,000.     Architect  J.  G. 
Hedges,  1028'^  Ossington  avenue,  has  prepared  plans  for  altera- 
tions to  residence  on  Cherrywood  Gardens,  owned  by  F.  Button 
to  cost  $2,500.     Architect  W.  G.  Hunt  has  prepared  plans  for  one 
pair  residences  on  Concord  avenue  to  cost  $5,000,  owned  by  J.  J. 
Schoolery.     Nightscale  &  Smith,  79  Woodbine  avenue,  have  plans 
drawn  for  one  pair  residences  on  Neville  Park  boulevard  to  cost 
$4,500.      E.    R.    Hurst  has   plans   drawn    for  garage   and   conser- 
vatory at  272  Poplar  Plains  road.     A.  P.  Burrett  has  had  plans 
drawn   for  garage  on  Maple  avenue.     W.   J.   Neeley.   262  Dover- 
court  road,   has  plans  drawn  for  a  residence  and  garage  on  In- 
odan  road  to  cost  $6,500.     Dr.  W.  S.  Grimshaw,  462  Avenue  road, 
has  plans  drawn  for  three  pairs  duplex  residences  on  Kent  road 
to  cost  $15,000.     Dr.  W.  S.  Grimshaw,  462  Avenue  road,  has  plans 
urawn  for  three  pairs  residences  at  16-26  Ashdale  to  cost  $15,000. 
G.  J.  Veale,  73  Drayton  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  residence  on 
Drayton  avenue  to  cost  $2,000.     B.  Alwood,  30  Bastedo,  has  plans 
drawn   for   additions   to   residence   to  cost   $1,800.      Architect   W. 
Bredin  Galbraith,  22  St.  Leonards  avenue,  has  plans  drawn  for  a 
residence   on   Oriole    road    to   cost   $6,000,    owned    by   R    J     Mac- 
lennan,   Kent  Building.     E.   C.  Huribut,   44  Castlefleld,  has  plans 
drawn  for  a  residence  at  Briar  Hill  to  cost  $3,000.     N.  J.  Craig, 
137  Marchmont  road,  has  had  excavation  started  on  the  residence 
on    Marchmont    road    to   cost    $4,500.      Hayard    &    Whitehorn.    17 
Lauder  avenue,  have  plans  drawn  for  residence  on  Lauder  avenue 
to  cost  $6,000.     W.  W.  Dundas  has  plans  drawn  for  alterations  to 
residence  at  2143  St.  Clair  avenue.     Engineers  James.  Loudon  & 
Hertzburg,  Toronto  street,  have  called  for  tenders  for  residence 
on  Oakwood  avenue,  owner  490  Oakwood  avenue. 

TRURO,  N,S, — P.  O.  McCurdy  has  commenced  work  on  stores 
on  Princess  street  to  cost  $7,000. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— R.  M.  Tod  has  plans  drawn  for  residence 
at   2378   York   street   to  cost   $4,000. 

WELLAND,  ONT.— F.  Adley,  Scotland  Woollen  Mills  store, 
has  called  for  tenders  on  residence.  S.  L.  Lambert  has  plans 
drawn  for  residence  on  Main  street  to  cost  $5,000.  J.  A.  Morris 
has  plans  drawn  for  residence  to  cost  $2,500. 

WHEATLEY,  ONT.— J.  Crowther  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence to  cost  $3,500. 

WOODSTOCK,  ONT.— E.  J.  Coles,  Dundas  street,  has  awarded 
contract  to  A.  J.  King  for  alterations  to  general  store  to  cost 
$12,000. 

ZURICH.  ONT.— F.  W.  Hess  is  preparing  plans  for  residence 
to  cost  $7,000.  W.  Ruby  is  preparing  plans  for  residence  to  cost 
$4,000.  F.  Kaibffeish  is  preparing  plans  for  residence  to  cost 
H.OOO.  ^^,^^ 

SCHOOLS,    COLLEGES    AND    CHURCHES, 

AMARANTH  TWP.— 'The  Tchool  Board  have  awarded  con- 
tract to  Leitch  &  Hughson,  Shelburne,  for  a  school. 

BEETON,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  school 

BRAMPTON,  ONT.— Secretary  J.  D.  Gordon  has  called  for 
tenders   on  a  school. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— The  Separate  School  Board  have  called 
for  tenders  on  a  school.  Secretary  H.  Attwell,  Tutela  P.O  has 
called  for  tenders  oh  a  school. 

BRANT,  ALTA.— Secretary  Wm.  Thomas  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  a  new  school. 

BIG  VALLEY.  ALTA.— Secretary  W.  Wam.sley  has  called  for 
tenders  on  a  new  school. 

CAINSVILLE.  ONT.— Architect  L.  D.  Barber.  Brantford,  has 
called  for  tenders  on  a  church,  owned  by  the  Baptist  congrega- 
tion, to  cost  $15,000. 

CALGARY,  ALTA.— The  School  Board  has  awardd  contract 
to  Rodger  Bros,  for  a  new  school  on  Centre  avenue  to  cost  $16,000. 

CARLTON,  P.E.L— Tenders  are  called  on  a  new  school  to 
cost   $6,000. 

CHATHAM  TWP.— Secretary  John  S.  Knight  has  called  fo:- 
tenders  on  a  new  school  to  cost  $5,000. 

CHINOOK,  ALTA. — Competitive  plans  v.anted  for  a  new 
school;  secretary,  L.  Proudfoot. 

CLANDEBOY,  MAN  — Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  new- 
school;  secretary,  G.  Sutherland,  Boyd  Building,  Winnipeg 

DUNDURN,  SASK.— F.  B.  Livingstone,  secretary  of  School 
Board,  has  called  for  tenders  on  a  new  school. 

ELMVALE,  ONT. — Architect  John  Wilson  is  preparing  plans 
for  a  new  school  to  cost  $12,000. 

ELROSE.  SASK.— Dr.  R.  H.  Burrell,  secretary  of  School 
Board,  has  called  for  tenders  on  the  new  school. 

FERRIS  TWP..  ONT.— Angus  &  Angus,  architects.  North 
Bay,  Ont.,  have  called  for  tenders  on  the  new  school. 

FORD,  ONT.— Architect  J.  C.  Pennington,  Windsor,  has 
called   for   tenders  on    the  new   school   to  cost   $40,000. 

FOREMOST  CONSOLIDATED  S.D.,  NO.  2,  ALTA.— Secretary 
G.  L.  Schinnour  has  called  for  tenders  on  the  new  school. 

FREDERICTON.  N.B.— Plans  have  been  drawn  for  St.  Paul's 
Presbyterian  Church.  The  School  Board  proposes  to  build  a 
school  to  cost  $5,000. 

FRANKLAND,  ALTA. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  new- 
school;    secretary.    A.    L.    McPhee. 

GALT,  ONT.— Architect  J.  Evans,  30  North  Water  street,  is 
preparing  plans  for  additions  to  school  to  cost  $10,000.     Tenders 


242 


CONSTRUCTION 


have  been  CHlled  by  the  Separate  School  Board  for  the  new  aohool 
on  Hon**  Hvehui*. 

OUKNSIDK.  SASK.— J.  H.  Stoehr.  gecretary,  ha»  called  for 
tfiiders  on  the  new  church  to  cost  }<,60U. 

GKIKKIN.  MAN.— Tenders  have  been  culled  for  the  new 
M-hool    to   coat    $«,UUU. 

(IKIKKIN.  SASK.— Architect  G.  J.  Jarrett,  Weyburn,  haa 
called   for   tender*  on    the   new  Hchool   to  cost  $ti,B(M). 

l!i;KI-rH,  ONT. — The  AKrlcultiiral  ('olleife  has  awarded  con- 
tract to  Secord  &  Son,  lirantford.  for  a  chemistry  bulUIInK  to  cost 
t20,IIUO. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Architect  F.  VV.  Warren,  Hank  of  Hamil- 
ton UulldlnK.  has  called  for  tenders  on  the  new  church  owned  by 
the  Uivlon  I'rotestant  Church.  Architects  Stewart  &  Wltton  have 
ilrawn  plans  for  a  Sunday  school  owned  by  Christ  Church 
Cathedral  to  cost  115.000. 

HKHKON,  MAN.— ArcWtect  C.  H.  Brlndle  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  the  new  school. 

HOITUHTON.  S.\SK.— Secretary  A.  C.  Story  has  called  for 
tenders  on   the  new  school.  .      „  .       , 

HOUSK  UAKK,  AI.TA.— W.  A.  Stickle,  trustee  of  the  School 
Hoard,  has  called  for  tenders  on  the  new  school. 

KINGSTON,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  on  the  new 
ridlMK  school  owned  by  the  |)e|)artment  of  Mllltla  to  cost  $1S,000. 

l.l>Nl)ON,  ONT.— The  Hoard  of  Kducatlon  has  awarded  con- 
tracts for  the  new  Technical  school  to  cost  $200,000.  Architect 
Miller.  Toronto.  Is  preparlUK  plans  for  the  new  Salvation  Army 
citailel  to  cost  »l.'i,000.  „    ,    , 

MHl.FOKT.  SASK.— Se<-retary  Carl  Hagglnnd  has  called  for 
tenders  on  the  new  school.  ,,    ,   , 

SANDY  l.AKK,  MAN.— Secretary  C.  Uamsden  has  called  for 
tenders  on  the  new  school.  „    ,    ,  „ 

MINDKMOYA,  ONT.— Secretary  A.  J.  Wagg  has  called  for 
tenders  on  the  new  church. 

MONTRKAI...  QCK. — The  Jacciues  Cartier  Normal  School,  992 
Sherbrooke  street,  have  had  plans  drawn  for  a  new  church  to 
cost  $65,000.  The  Protestant  School  Hoard  have  had  plans  drawn 
for  a  new  si'hool.  The  School  Hoard  has  awarded  contract  to  1.,. 
Heaudry,    Kailrmount    avenue    west,    for    new    school    on    Robin 

MONTROSE,  MAN.— Secretary  J.  Mulrhead,  Carberry,  has 
called  for  tenders  on  the  school. 

OTTAWA.  ONT. — Secretary  J.  Bethune  has  called  for  tenders 
on  the  new  school  on  Albert  street. 

PARRY  SOUND,  ONT.— Secretary  J.  D.  Broughton  has  called 
for  tenders  on  the  new  school. 

PEMBROKE.  ONT. — ArcWtect  W.  C.  Kelghleys  Is  preparing 
plans  for  a  new  school. 

PI'^TEHHORO.  ONT. — Secretary  G.  Thompson  has  called  for 
tenders'  on  alterations  to  South  Central  School.  Secretary  A.  E. 
Prest.  242  L,iin8downe  street,  has  called  for  tenders  on  the  new 
c-hurvh  owned   by  St.   James'  Methodist   Church. 

PORTAGE  L.A  PRAIRIE,  MAN.— 'Architect  F.  E.  Evans  has 
called  for  tenders  on  the  new  school  to  cost  $65,000. 

PORT  CREDIT,  ONT.— Architect  D.  C.  Cotton,  Adelaide  street 
east,  Toronto,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  new  school  to  cost  $20,000. 

PRICEVILLE,  ONT.— Secretary  F.  P.  Relley  has  called  for 
tenders  on  the  new  school. 

QUEBEC.  gUE.— Architect  E.  Tanguay  is  preparing  plans 
for  the  new  school  on  St.  Luke  street  to  cost  $12,000.  Plans  are 
to  be  prepared  for  the  new  Girls'  Home,  owned  by  the  Y.W.C.A., 
to  cost  $50,000. 

RAPID  CREEK,  ALTA.— Rapid  Creek  S.D.,  Alta.,  has  award- 
ed contract  to  Contractor  Beaton  for  the  new  school. 

SARNIA,  ONT. — The  Separate  School  Board  has  awarded  con- 
tract to  James  Shanks  for  the  new  school  to  cost  $16,000.  The 
Hoard  of  Education  has  awarded  contract  to  Schultz  Bros., 
Brantford,  for  the  new  school  to  cost  $58,000. 

SASK.\TOON.  SASK. — The  School  Hoard  is  having  plans  pre- 
pared   for  alterations    to   the    school. 

SELKIRK.  MAN. — Secretary  J.  E.  Hoover  has  called  for  ten- 
ders on  the  new  school. 

SllERHKOOKE.  QUE. — Tenders  have  been  called  on  the  new 
school  owned  by   the  East  Sherbrooke   Mothers'  Sebool. 

SIMCOE.  ONT. — .Vrchitects  Chapman  &  McGithn,  Toronto, 
are  preparing  plans  for  two  schools  to  cost  $10,000. 

STRATFORD,  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  new 
school  to  cost  $15,000. 

ST.  DAMASE,  QUE. — The  R.  C.  congregation  propose  building 
a  new  church.  .       „.        ,  , 

ST  ELIE  ORFORD,  QUE.— The  Presbyterian  Church  are  hav- 
ing plans  prepared  for  a  church  and  presbytery  to  cost  $20,000. 

ST.  THOMAS.  ONT. — Contract  has  been  awarded  to  A.  E. 
Ponsford  for  the  new  Sunday  school  to  cost  $10,000. 

SUDBURY,  ONT. — Secretary  J.  Fowler  has  called  for  tenders 
on  the  new  school  on  College  street.  „,     .,     ,    .  „„„/. 

TAVISTOCK.  ONT.— .\rchltect  Russell.  Stratford,  has  called 
for   tenders  on   the   new   school   to  cost  $9,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Work  has  commenced  on  the  additions  to 
the  Separate  School  at  783  Hathurst  street.  The  Board  of  Educa- 
tion have  called  for  tenders  on  repairs  to  schools.  Architect 
\  \  Post,  Brisband  Building,  Buffalo,  is  preparing  plans  for  a 
training  school  on  Kingston  road  to  cost  $250,000.  Rev.  F.  Carr, 
of  St  Michael's  College,  is  to  have  plans  prei)ared  for  a  college 
building.  Plans  are  being  prepared  fo  ra  church  to  be  built  on 
Weston  road,  owned  by  Weston  Road  Baptist  Church.  Tenders 
have  been  called  on  the  mission  hall  on  Davisville  avenue,  owned 
bv    Davisville    Baptist    Mission.  „   ^  ,      .      j 

TR.AIL,  B.C. — Secretary  F.  E.  Dockerill  has  called  for  tenders 
on  additions  to  a  school.  ,,    .    ,  ,. 

V.VNCOUVBR.  B.C. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  altera- 
tions  to   the   university   building. 

WALPOLE  ISLAND.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  on 
additions  to  a  school  owned  by  the  Department  of  Indian  AITair.s. 

WEBB.  SASK. — ^Secretary  J.  B.  Austin  has  called  for  tenders 
on   a   school.  ,    , 

WEST  LORNE.  ONT. — The  School  Board  has  awarded  con- 
tract to  Horton  Bros..  St.  Thomas,  for  a  school  to  cost  $7,500. 

WEST  SHEFFORD.  Ql'I-;. — The  Methodist  congregation  has 
awarded  contract  to  Geo.  Wallace.  Sherbrooke.  Que.,  for  a 
Methodist  church. 

WI.VRTON.  ONT. — Secretary  W.  M.  Newman  has  called  for 
tenders  on  additions  to  High  School. 

WINDSOR.  ONT. — The  School  Board  has  awarded  contract  to 
Wells  &  Gray  for  a  new  school  to  cost  $165,000. 

WI.N'NIPHG.  MAN. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  new 
school  to  be  erected  on  Aberdeen  street.  The  School  Hoard  is 
preparing  plans  for  a  new  school  on  McPhillips  street  to  cost 
$27,500. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 
ARNER,    ONT. — Chester  J.    Quick    Is   building   a   slock   barn 
to  cost   $:),ouo. 

HKKLIN,  ONT. — IMans  are  being  prepared  for  a  (lavilion. 
IILAIK,  ONT. — Contract  has   been  awarded  to  I'reiton  Metal 
Shingle  Co.  for  a  barn  to  cost  $5,000. 

HKOCKVILLE,  ONT.— 'I'en>ier8  are  l>elng  called  up  to  July  5 
on  J.  .Mc(\iw's  garage, 

CLINTON,  ONT.— The  Doherly  Piano  Co.' Is  erecting  a  dry 
kiln  to  cost  $4,000. 

CORNWALL,  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  Depart- 
ment of  Public  Works,  Ottawa,  ui>  to  July  12,  for  the  Interior 
fittings  of  post  otllce. 

BHOME.  P.Q. — H.  A.  Holden  has  had  work  commenced  on  a 
creamery. 

DAUPHIN,  MAN.— Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  Depart- 
ment of  Public  Works,  Winnipeg,  on  a  publTc  building. 

D.WIDSON,  SASK.— Contract  has  been  awarded  to  Geo. 
Golleymore    for  barns. 

DUTTO.V,  ONT. — J.  Dant  is  preparlngr  plana  for  his  saw 
mill  to  cost  $5,000. 

EDMONTON,  ALTA.— The  C.  N.  Railway,  Toronto,  is  prepar- 
ing plans  for  a  roundhouse. 

ICLOR.X,  ONT. — D.  J.  .Smith  is  preparing  plans  for  a  tannery 
to  cost  $12,000. 

FREDERICTON,  N.H.— Tenders  are  being  called  on  track 
supplies  by  the  I.  C.   Railway. 

GREY  TVV'P. — (Charles  Knight  Is  having  plans  prepared  for 
stables  to  cost  $.1,000. 

HALIFAX,  N..S. — The  Naval  Department,  Ottawa,  are  calling 
tenders  for  a  watch  house. 

HARRISTON,  O.NT.— The  School  Board  are  calling  lenders 
for  school   plumbing. 

HARROW,  ONT.— C.  F.  Smith  Is  preparing  plans  for  a  plan- 
ing mill  to  cost  $7,000. 

KING.STON.  ONT. — Contract  has  been  awarded  for  a  lodge 
building  owned    by    L.O.L. 

KINGSVILLE,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  by  the  De- 
partment Naval  .Service  for  Hah  hatchery  and  residence. 

LE.VMINGTON,  ONT.— The  Town  Council  proposes  building  a 
fireball.  Contract  has  been  awarded  to  A.  E.  Law  for  a  house  of 
refuge  to  cost  $7,000. 

LONDON.  ONT. — Contract  has  been  awarded  to  J.  McDonald 
for  a  stable  to  cost  $3,500.  B.  F.  Klngsmail  is  having  plans  pre- 
I)ared  for  a  garage  to  cost  $8,000.  Plans  are  being  prepared  by 
Inspector  Piper,  City  Hall,  for  garbage  stables  to  cost  $12,000. 

MONTMORENCY,  QUE.— The  Dominion  Textile  Co.  are  build- 
ing a  cotton  mill. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— Secretary  R.  L.  Deschamps  has  called 
tenders  for  a  heating  svstem. 

NEW  WESTMINSTER,  B.C.— The  Canadian  Produce  Co.  have 
had  plans  drawn  for  an  evaporator. 

NORTH  DUMFRIES.  ONT.— J.  Mllroy  is  having  plans  pre- 
pared for  stock  barns  on  St.  George  road  to  cost  $3,500. 

NINETTE,  MAN.— Architect  J.  D.  Atchison  has  plans  drawn 
for  an  infirmary. 

OTTAWA,  ONT. — Contract  has  been  awarded  by  the  Isola- 
tion Hospital  to  A.  E.  Farley  for  sun  rooms  to  cost  $9,473.  The 
Isolation  Hospital  Board  have  called  tenders  on  sun  rooms  to 
cost  $7,500. 

PORTAGE  LA  PRAIRIE,  MAN.— Woodward  &  Co.,  Winnipeg, 
has  awarded  Western  Improvement  Co.  contract  for  an  eleva>tor. 
capacity  60.000  bushels. 

PORT  COLBORNE.  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  an 
elevator  dock. 

PORT  GLASGOW,  ONT.— Plans  are  to  be  prepared  for  store- 
houses owned  by  Galbralth  &  Dromgale  to  cost  $4,000. 

QUEBEC,  QUE.— Y.W.C.A.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  a  Girls' 
Home    to   cost    $57,000. 

SAtTLT  STE.  MARIE,  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  up  to 
July  21  for  the  court  house. 

SOUTH  NORWICH  TWP.— Contract  has  been  awarded  to  W. 
Hall,  TilKsonburg,  Ont..  for  stock  barn  owned  by  W.  Oatman,  to 
cost   $3,000. 

STRATHROY.  ONT.— Secretary  G.  M.  Haldane  has  had  plans 
drawn  for  the  seating  repairs  of  the  Methodist  Church. 

ST.  BONIFACE,  MAN.— Plans  are  being  prepared  for  an 
abattoir  to  cost  $500,000. 

ST.  JOHN.  N.B. — Work  has  commenced  by  P.  W.  Carson 
on  his  garage.  Site  has  been  purchased  by  C.P.R.,  Montreal, 
for  a   roundhouse. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT.— The  Neal  Bread  Co..  London.  Ont..  pro- 
pose building  a  bread  factory. 

THREP:  rivers,  que.— Wayagamack  Pulp  and  Paper  Co. 
are  preparing  plans  for  a  pulp  and  paper  mill  to  cost  $1,500,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— The  city  of  Toronto  has  awarded  comtract 
on  car  barns:  Masonry,  R.  Chalkley.  34  Victoria  street:  carpen- 
tering. T.  Lewis,  329  Davenport  road:  steel.  Dominion  Bridge: 
plumbing  and  heating,  McNaughton  &  McKenzle,  1029  Shaw 
street:  plastering.  Gander  &  Son.  250  Gladstone:  rcx>f1ng,  A. 
Matthews.  556  Adelaide  west;  painting,  J.  Casey,  30  Dalhousie 
street.  Tenders  have  been  called  by  A.  Senn,  100  Barton 
avenue  for  brickwork  and  carpentering.  Plans  have  been  drawn 
for  a  garage  at  387  Keele  street,  owned  by  Mrs.  K.  Devaney,  to 
cost  $1  400.  Tenders  have  been  called  by  Dr.  Grimshaw.  16  Ash- 
dale  avenue,  and  F.  Wainwright,  5  Sword  street,  for  plastering, 
heating,  electric  wiring,  masonry.  Tenders  have  been  called  754 
.St.  Clair.  351  Clinton.  3  Scarborough  road.  Contract  has  been 
awarded  to  Witchell  &  Son  by  the  Sick  Children's  Hospital  for  a 
power  house.  Tenders  have  been  called  H.  Wakeman.  62  Auburn, 
tenders  open  for  drains,  concrete  work  and  plastering:  3  Mc- 
Murrich.  tenders  open  for  gasfltting.  H.  J.  Harron,  876  Bathurst, 
tenders  for  two  verandahs  and  sun  rooms.  Tenders  for  painting 
32  Columbine  street.  Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  mission 
erected  by  Beulah  Hall  to  cost  $20,000.  Work  has  been  com- 
menced by  W.  Charlton.  397  Brunswick  avenue,  on  his  garage 
to  cost  $2,000.  Suroff  Hardware.  872  Bloor  street  west,  is  erect- 
ing a  garage.  Tenders  being  called  for  plastering  and  tinsmith- 
ing  on  Boon  Avenue  Baptist  Church.  Plans  have  been  drawn 
for  Canadian  .Mis  Chalmers,  King  and  Simcoe.  for  a  storehouse. 
Plans  have  been  drawn  for  dining  room,  rest  room  and  lavatory 
for  the  Canadian  Alls  Chalmers,  King  and  Simcoe,  to  cost  $7,000. 
Plans  have  been  drawn  by  .Architect  W.  Connery  for  a  black- 
smith shop  belonging  to  W.  R.  Trayer.  Contract  has  been  award- 
ed to  AIcLeod  &  Co..  110  Church  street,  for  a  dormitory  to  cost 
$53,000.  Tenders  are  being  called  by  Wells  Bros..  96  Gould,  for 
the  home  owned  by  R.  Simpson  Co.  to  cost  $200,000.  Plans  have 
been  drawn  b.v  .Vrchitects  Denison  &  Stephenson  for  a  garage 
owned  bv  J.  P.  Rogers  to  cost  $1,800.  Plans  have  been  drawn  for 
the   work   shop  owned   by  J.   L.    Wilson   &   Sons  to   cost   $3,000. 


CONSTRUCTION 


24i 


MADE  IN  CANADA 


"The  roofing  shall  be  laid  according  to  The  Barrett  Specification  dated 
May  1st,  1916,  and  the  roofing  contractor  shall,  on  completion  of  the 
job,  deliver  to  us  a  twenty  year  Surety  Bond  Guaranty  in  accordance 
with  Note  No.   I   of  such  Specification." 


This  is  the  new  way  of  prescribing 
roofing  in  your  building  specifications 
when  you  want  a  Barrett  Specifica- 
tion Roof. 

The  twenty  year  Guaranty  Bond  is  a 
new   feature   of  our   service. 

It  will  be  given  on  all  roofs  of  fifty 
squares  or  more  in  all  towns  of  25,000 
population  and  over  throughout  Canada 
and  the  United  States  and  in  smaller 
places  where  our  inspection  service  is 
available. 

This  Guaranty  Bond  exempts  the  owner 
from  all  expenses  of  maintenance  and 
repairs  for  a  period  of  twenty  years  and 
the  bond  is  issued  by  the  United  States 
Fidelity  &  Guaranty  Company,  one  of 
the  largest  surety  companies  in  the 
world. 

The  roofer,  in  order  to  secure  this  Guaranty 
Bond,  must  be  satisfactory  to  us,  and  must 
notify  us  as  soon  as  a  contract  is  taken  and 
give  us  the  right  to  inspect  the  workmanship 
and  materials  to  see  that  both  are  in  strict 
accordance  with  The  Barrett  Specification 
dated  May    1st,    1916. 

A  cojOj)  of  The  Barrett  Specification,  with 
roofirig    diagrams,    sent    free    on    request. 


THE     PATERSON     MANUFACTURING    COMPANY,     LIMITED 
MONTREAL  TORONTO  WINNIPEG  VANCOUVER 

THE  CARRITTE-PATERSON  MANUFACTURING  CO.,  LIMITED 
ST.   JOHN.    N.B.  HALIFAX,   N.S.  SYDNEY,    N.S. 


Naturally,  if  we  are  to  give  a  twenty  year 
Guaranty  Bond,  we  must  be  assured  that  the 
proper  amount  and  kmds  of  material  are  used 
so  as  to  insure  the  roof  giving  the  maximum 
service. 

We  know  from  experience  of  almost  fifty  years 
that  a  roof  laid  strictly  according  to  The 
Barrett  Specification  with  the  workmanship 
properly  safeguarded  will  last  twenty  years  and 
more  without  repairs  of  any  kind,  and  we  are 
issuing  this  twenty  year  Surety  Bond  so  that 
owners  of  these  roofs  will  get  the  benefit  of 
that  experience. 

The  principal  architects,  engineers  and  roofing 
contractors  throughout  the  Dominion  are  fa- 
miliar with  the  plan. 


//  there  is  anij  in- 
formation })ou  de- 
sire regarding  the 
proposition,  just 
drop  us  a  line  to 
our  nearest  office 
and  Tve  shall  he 
veri;  elad  to  give 
yoi]  further  facts. 


?44 


CONSTRUCTION 


Coinniit  lm«  liiiMi  HWiinliMl  lo  Hiintl.  HhitIh  &  Mcrrltl.  7  KliiB 
Kticiii  .Hsi.  lor  a  Imkeiy  owimii  hy  the  Kuwlfji  hunch.  J'lHnH 
hiivf  lii'cii  (Irnwii  liy  AichltertH  Hoiid  &  Siiiltli  f'>r  a  bakery  l>t- 
loiiKliiK  lo  tlif  Iilral  llrvHd  Co.  to  com  »4,0OU.  I'laiis  have  hecn 
drawn  for  titoraKe  l>ln«  owned  by  Uie  liowiien  .Machine  Co  Ten- 
der* have  l>een  called  by  A.  II.  Hendernon,  B3  WellH  Hill,  for  an 
aparlinent  house.  Tenders  have  been  called  lor  |>aintinK  two 
residences  owned  by  J.  .V.  Shier,  «1  Standlsh.  Teiulers  have 
been  called  for  the  Hmrd  of  Kduottlon  for  iMiintliiK  and  plunib- 
hiK.  A.  \V.  Corlls  has  had  plans  drawn  for  a  lodKe  lo  cost  $I.X(i(i. 
i.  I  iiK'er  l.,ehlKh  I'oal  Co.  has  had  plans  drawn  for  a  coal  elevator 
»0    <ost    J.S.UOO. 

yAN(.'()l'VKK  H.C.  — Plans  hav.-  been  drawn  for  a  hniiber 
mill  owned  by  Wilson  llros.  Kevlseil  plans  have  been  preiiared 
I'.T  ""'  ?i"""S^^'  '"''onBliiK  lo  n.  C.  Sugar  K.'llnerv  Co.  to  lu.st 
$1.>.(M»II.  Tenders  have  been  called  for  Hffhthouse  and  residence. 
1  lans  have  been  drawn  lor  a  ship  buld.nK  plant,  owned  by 
Cameron.   (Jenoji.    Mills.   Sliiji   Ifullders.    Md. 

.,.^\'''^7'''.''''"'/'  ^'-^N— I'laiis  are  to  be  prepared  for  an  in- 
stitute lieloiiKlnK'  t>  the  Oddfellows  to  cost  $3,i.OI)«,  Plans  have 
been  drawn  for  an  elevator  owned  by  the  Oonilnlon  (iovernment 

tailway.  Ottawa,  lenders  are  l.einjt  called  for  a  building  owned 
by  the  Manitoba  Sanltorlum  for  Consumptives 


Ornamenlai  Iron.  Kstey  Uros, 

Paints,  .shau  i'at  Studio,  ti  lieavei-  Hall. 

I'himbinK,    I,.    K.    .Moulton. 

Plaster  work  (celllnif),  H,  1).  Clark. 

UefriKeralion  eiiulpnient,  Audlfern. 

ItefriKcration    machinery,    (Jriscom-Russell,   Toronto 

Power   machinery,    I.,.    K.   Comstock. 

Helnforcements.  Slab  Kloor. 

Hadiators    (manufacturers).    L.    K.    Moulton 

KoolinK.  .MacFarlane-DouKlas. 

Sprinkler  equipment.    .Moulton. 

Stone   (artlMcial  and  natural),  .las.   lirodie  &  Sons 

Structural   Iron  and   steel,    Dominion    Bridge  Co. 

Tile,   .Mueller  Mosaic  Co. 

Terra  cotta  (face).  New  York  Architectural  Terra  Cotta  Co, 

Vacuum  cleaners,    15.    K.    Slurtevant  Co. 

Varnish   (Hoor  and  wall),  C,   W.  (.Joodall. 

Ventilating  system,   U.   K.   Sturtevant  Co. 

Weather  strip,  "Athey,"  Montreal  Mosaic, 

Contractors    (general),    Norcross    Uros. 


CONTRACTORSand  SUB-CONTRACTORS 

As  Supplied  by  The  rtrchitects  of  Buildings 
Featured  iu  This  Issue 

Bulldino.  St.  Denis  Theatre.  286  St.  Denis  street. 

ISnck.  Interprovlncial   liiick  Co..  Toronto 

Hollers.    L.    10.    .Moulton    (plumbers). 

Casements  and  window  constructi)n,  also  doors  and  window  trim 

Mach'arlane- Douglas  Co.,   Ottawa. 
Concrete  work.  Norcross  Itros.  Co. 
Coiis(dting    engineer.    Fred    M,    Headley,    Montreal, 
I-.lectrlc  fixtures.   Tiffany   Studios,   New   York 
lOlectric  wiring  and  apparatus,   U  K.   Comstock.      Douglas  Milli- 

gan,    Canadian    agents. 
p;ievators  and   hoists.    Walker  Hardware   (ash   hoist) 
Kxpanded    metal,    J'erllar   People. 
Fire  doors.    .MacKarlane-Douglas. 
Fire   escapes.    Kstey   liros..    .Montreal. 
Klre  extinguishers.   I..   K.   Moulton. 
Wood    flooring,   Seaman-Kent. 
Siie<ial    tlooring.    The    Marbleoid    Co.    Archibald    &    Co      agents 

Montreal. 
Fittings,  mill  work,  V.  E.  Traversv. 
Furniture,  .Vmerlcan  Seating  Co..   Now  York. 
Cl.-iss    (i)late).    mirrors.    Holilis    .^rfg.    Co.;    (wired) 

Douglas    Co.,    Ottawa;    (light    glol)es).    Tiffany 

York, 
(irille  work.   Kstey  liros.,   Montreal. 
Hardware.    Durand    Hardware    Co.    (Ruswin), 
Ititerior  fittings,   cabinet,   woodwork  and  decoration 

versy. 
Inter-phone  .'iystem.   Northern   Klectric  Co.,   Montreal 
.Marble.   .Mis.si.sciuoi   .Marlile  Co.,  Montreal. 


MacFarlane- 
Studios,    New 


I..   R.  Tra- 


Bulldlng,   Hydro- Electric   Powe.-  Commission. 

Awnings.    T.    Katon   Co. 

Urick.  Interprovlncial   Hrtck  <^o.,  Ltd.,  Sun  lirlck  Co. 

Hollers,  W'alden  Heating  Co. 

Carpets  aiul   rugs,   .Murray-Kay. 

Casements  and  window  construction,  also  doors  and  window  trim, 
A.  It.  Orrnsby. 

Chinmeys.   W'itcheil  &   Ton.' 

Klectric  llxtures.  Tallman   Iira.<!8     and  Metal  Co..   Hamilton. 

Electric  wiring  and  apparatus.  Hydro-Klectric  Co.'s  own  con- 
struction force. 

Klevators  and  hoists.  Otis-Fensom. 

Kxpanded   metal.    A.    li.   Ormsby. 

Fire  escapes.   Dominion  Ornamental   Iron. 

Flooring.   Wilchell  &  Son. 

Fittings.  Wltchell  &  Son. 

Furniture.   Hydro-Klectric's  own   furniture. 

Glass,  Toronto  Plate  Glass. 

Hardware.  Alkenhead  Hardware  Co..  L.t3. 

interior  fittings,  caliinets,  woodwork  and  decoration,  .Jones  Hro.s. 

Marble.  Can.  Glass  Mantel  and  Tile  Co. 

Ornamental  Iron.  A.  li.  Ormsby  Co. 

Paints.   Dominion  Paint  Works.  WalkervUle. 

Plumbing.    Imperial   I'roducts  and   Keith's,    l.,td 

Plaster  work.  R.  C.  Dancy. 

Power  machinery,  motors,  Westinghouse. 

Reinforcements,  Witthell  &  Son. 

Radiators.   Steel  and  Radiation. 

Roofing,  Duthie  &  Son. 

Stone,    Cement    Products.    Wltchell    &    Son. 

Structural    iron   and   steel.    Dominion   IJridge   Co. 

Telephones.   Canadian  Independent  Telephone  Co..  Ltd. 

Tile,   Can.   Glass  Mantel   and  Tile  Co. 

Terra  CotUi.    I>on   Valley    Hrick  Co. 

Vacuum  cleaners.  Invincible  Vacuum. 

Vaults.    J.    J.    Taylor  Co..    Ltd. 

Wall   tile,   Sun   Hrlck  Co. 

Contractors.  Witchell  &  .Son. 


15,000  sq.  Ft.  Of  MARBLELOID  FLOOR 

INSTALLED  IN  THE  NEW 

ST.  DENIS  THEATRE 

OCiVxAUolli  it  is  fire-proof,  sanitary,  resilient,  warm  and  "non-dusting,"  MARBLELOID 
is  particularly  adapted  for  use  in  THEATRES,  HOTELS,  HOSPITALS,  BANKS, 
SCHOOLS  and  PUBLIC  BUILDINGS. 

Because  of  its  remarkable  durability,  coupled  with  its  other  highly  desirable  features, 
MARBLELOID  is  an  ideal  flooring  for  INDUSTRIAL  PLANTS.  Some  Canadian  and 
American  users  are  listed  below: 


DOMINION  GOVERNMENT. 
TERMINAL  WAREHOUSE,  LTD. 
LAURENTIDE  CO. 
COMMERCIAL  CABLE  CO. 
HOME  FOR  INCURABLES. 
STAUNTONS,  LTD. 


U.  S.  GOVERNMENT. 
STANDARD  OIL  CO. 
PACKARD  MOTOR  CAR  CO. 
PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD  CO. 
AMERICAN  CAN  CO. 
GENERAL  ELECTRIC  CO. 


THE  MARBLELOID  CO.,  NEW  YORK,  U.S.A. 

CANADIAN   REPRESENTATIVES: 


E.    L.    DYER, 

47    Wellington    St.    E., 

TORONTO. 


ARCHIBALD     &     CO., 

1000    Transportation    Bidg,, 

MONTREAL. 


AM.    AGENCIES.    LTD., 

Board   of  Trade   BIdg., 

CALGARY. 


W.    J.    BANKS, 

Lindsay  BIdg., 

QUEBEC, 


CONSTRUCTION 


245 


Building  Materials  in  South  Africa 

Limited   Building  at  Cape  Town. 

Owing  to  excessive  overbuilding  during  tlie  l)oom  immediately 
succeeding  the  Boer  war.  as  well  as  on  account  of  unusual  public 
and  private  Improvements  necessitated  in  the  Transvaal  by  the 
fixing  of  the  administrative  capital  in  I'retofia.  the  demand  at 
Cape  To«-n  for  building  materials  has  been  relatively  small  for 
several  years.  This  will  more  fully  appear  from  the  following 
from  the  Cape  "Times": 

There  is.  however,  a  gradual  recovery  of  normal  conditions  in 
the  building  trade  in  this  district. 

Style  of  Construction. 

The  great  majority  of  private  houses  put  up  here  are  of  brick. 
Most  of  them  are  plastered  on  the  outside  and  inside.  In  the  bet- 
ter class  of  these  buildings  a  large  percentage  of  cement  is  used. 
Where  much  cement  is  used,  it  is  difficult  to  drive  in  nails.  Where 
too  little  is  used,  the  nails  will  not  hold.  This  is  overcome  in 
many  cases  by  fixing  picture  moulding  before  the  plastering  is 
put  on. 

in  the  majority  of  the  buildings  here,  both  public  and  private, 
the  partitions  are  of  brick,  so  that  wall  boarding  or  laths  are  not 
neeued.  Where  needed,  various  supports  lor  the  plastering  are 
employed.  A  considerable  amount  of  expanded  metal  lathing 
(principally  of  English  make)  is  used.  The  Germans  have  a  wall 
boarding  on  the  market  here  made  of  asbestos  ana  cement,  which 
is  landed  at  about  19s.  ($4.62)  per  S(|uare  (10  by  10  feet).  They 
also  sell  roofing  tiling  of  the  .same  material,  landed  at  o2s.  (Id. 
(7.79)  per  sciuare.  This  is  slightly  harder  and  heavier  than  the 
wall  boarding.  The  boarding  is  three-sixteenths  of  an  inch  thick 
and  comes  in  sheets  4  by  S  feet.  The  tiles  are  one-eighth  of  an 
inch  thick  and  16  x  16  inches  sciuare. 

How  to  Introduce  New  Articles. 

There  is  nothing  manufactured  here  to  compete  with  Ameri- 
can wan  board  or  the  German  asbestos-cement  board.  Clay  tiles, 
however,  are  locally  made.  For  this  market  it  is  suggested  that 
the  trade  is  not  large  enough  to  justify  the  effort  of  general  dis- 
tribution of  American  jiroducts  of  this  character.  It  would  ap- 
pear advisable  to  arrange  with  one  manufacturer's  agent  for  the 
exclusive  sale,  who  would  be  free  to  get  in  touch  with  the  archi- 
tects, on  whose  specifications  the  builder  would  have  to  buy  an.v 
particular  material  designated.  I'robably  the  best  v.  ay  to  in- 
troduce such  an  article  would  Ite  to  select  a  manufacturer's  agent 
and  get  him  to  submit  samples  to  the  architects  and  then  supply 
him  free  with  enough  of  the  board  to  put  up  in  at  least  one  room 
in  some  new  house  under  the  architect's  direction.  It  will  be 
necessaryto  introduce  building  novelties  before  any  large  orders 
may  be  expected.  Material  men  here  will  not  stock  any  article 
heavily  until  it  has  been  demonstrated  that  there  will  be  a  rea- 
sonable demand.  ■  ♦  ■ 

TECHNICAL    SOCIETIES. 

ALBERTA  ASS0C1.\T10N  OF  A  FtCHITECTS.— President, 
Jus.  A.  Henderson,  F.R.I.,  B..\.,  Edmonton;  Hon.  Secretary,  W. 
I?.   Cromartv,   Edmonton. 

ARCHITECTURAI,  INSTITUTE  OF  BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 
—  President,  R.  Mackay  Friiip;  Secretary,  Fred  L.  Townley.  325 
Homer  St.,  Voncouver,   B.C. 


Pr.'iM^;^,"'n')'  ^J^^^'^-""'?"  -V^iJ  CONCRETE  ASSOCIATION.- 
President,  Peter  Gillespie,  Toronto,  Ont.;  Secretary-Treasurer, 
Wm.  bnaith,  ine  Thor  Iron  Works,  Toronto  Ont 
«nr^-l\'^Mot^^i.^'"^^  PRODUCTS'  MANUFACTURERS'  AS- 
su°'Sr:'a' O^Kjitr'Toront'o  "'  "'■"'■  "^-'"""^  Secretary-Trea- 
CANADIAN  ELECTKiCAL  ASSOCIATION.— President.  Col. 
r  f  T,  n^?*^''  S?.'"'"''^'  Secretary,  Alan  Sullivan,  Confederation 
Lite   Building,  Toronto. 

CANADIAN  FORESTRY  ASSOCIATION.— President  Wil- 
liam   lower,    M.P.;    Secretary,   James   i-awier.   Journal    Building, 

f.  CANADIAN  GAS  ASSOCIATION.— President,  R.  A.  Wallace, 
Quebec,  Que.;  Secretary-Treasurer,  Geo.  W.  Allen,  10  Toronto 
fet.,    1  oronto,   Ont. 

CANADIAN  INDEPENDENT  TELEPHONE  ASSOCIATION' 
—President,  W.  Doan,  M.D..  Harrietsville,  Ont  •  Secretar'v- 
Treasurer,   Francis  Dagger,   il   Richmond   Street   West     Toionto 

CANADIAN  INST1TUTE.-198  Cohege  Street!  '  '  rCnio 
President,  J.  B.  Tyrrell:  Secretary,  Mr.  J  Patterson  '"'""'°- 
,, ^.CANADIAN  NATIONAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  BUILDERS' 
EXt^HANGES.- Western  Section— President,  C.  R  i<  rost  609 
„^?*'?r  ,^'--  '"^'Imonton,  Alta..  cecretary-Treasurer,  A.  M.  Frith 
224  McDougall  Ave.,  Winnipeg.  Eastern  Section— Pi  esiuent' 
Geo.  Gander,  Toronto;  Secretary-Treasurer,  P  L  PYaser  Build- 
ers'  Plxchajige,   Toronto. 

CANADIAN  SOCIETY  OF  CIVIL  ENGINEERS.— President 
G.  H.  Duggan,  Montreal;  Secertary,  Prof.  C.  H.  McLeod  Mont- 
real. 

LONDON      BUILDERS'      EXCHANGE.  President        \       C 

Noblis;    Secretary-Treasurer,    F.    S.    Barclay.  •      ■  • 

■  V'^ri'-^^^'^.A^S^CATION  tlULuUana  J'>XCHANGE.— I'resi- 
dent,  T.  R.  Wright,  London,  Ont.;  1st  Vice-Pres.,  C  T  Peaise 
Hamilton;  2nd  Vice-Pres..  A.  Tomlin.son.  Chatham;  Treasurer' 
Geo.  Oakley,  Jr.,  Toronto;  Secretary,  A.   E    Flower    Toronto 

MANITOBA  .ASSOCIA.TION  OF  ARCHITECTS.-President, 
Col.  J.   B.   Mitchell,  Winnipeg;   Secretary-Treasurer,   R.   G.  Han- 

MONTREAL  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  John 
Quinlan;   Secretary,   D.    K.    Trotter 

ONTARIO  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.-President  C 
H  Acton  Bond.  Toronto;  Treasurer,  J.  P.  Hynes  Toronto 
btcretary,  R.  L.  Wolsev,  Toronto. 

QUEBEC  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  J.  A.  Marier- 
Secretary-Treasurer,  Alf.  Cote. 

ROYAL  ARCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  CANADA  — 
President,  H,  C.  Russell,  Winnipeg,  Man.;  Hon.  Secretarv  Al- 
cide  Chausse,  No.  5,  Beaver  Hall  Square,  Montreal,  Que 

S.ASKATCHEWAN  ASSOCIATION'  OF  ARCHITECTS  — 
Persident,  W.  G.  Van  Egmond.  Regina:  vice-presidents,  A.  G 
Creighton.  Prince  Albert.  R.  M.  Thompson,  Saskatoon:  sec - 
treasurer,  F.  W.  Knight,  care  of  Storey  &  Van  Egmond,  Regina- 
Council,  Prof.  A.  R  Greig.  Saskatoon,  R.  G.  bunvard.  Moose 
Jaw.  H.  Cooper,  Saskatoon. 

SOCIETY  OF  CHEMICAL  INDUSTRY.-Wallace  p.  Cohoe, 
Chairman;   Alfred   Burton.   Toronto    Secretarv 

TECHNICAL  SOCIETY  OF  PETERBOROUGH.— Bank  of 
Commerce  Building,  Peterboro.  President,  N.  C.  Mills  P  O  Box 
995  Peterborough,  Ont.  '      '    ' 

TORONTO  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President  S  R 
Hughes;   Secretary,   A.   E.   Flower. 


DEVELOPMENT  IN  GAS  APPLIANCES 


As  in  many  other  Vines  progress  in  gas  appliances  has  been 
slow  until  late  years,  and  the  many  interesting  and  wonderful  ap- 
pliances that  are  now  being  shown  are  indeed  worthy  of  in- 
vestigation. Gas  in  America  has  now  been  in  use  a  full  centur.v. 
but  it  is  only  of  late  that  the  many  Ijenefits  to  be  obtained  from 
its  use  have  been  given  the  publicity  that  has  been  deserved.  In 
the  abatement  of  the  smoke  nuisance  gas  has  played  no  incon- 
spicuous part.  The  hygienic  value  of  gas  as  an  iliuminant,  and 
the  health  value  of  gas  when  properly  used  for  heat,  has  lately 
been  aptly  dwelt  upon  by  a  number  of  eminent  medical  authori- 
ties. Gas  can  truly  be  called  "The  Silent  Servant,"  and  the  user 
of  the  modern  gas  appliance  can  minimize  life's  little  worries. 
Perhaps  the  most  striking  example  of  the  development  in  modern 


appliances  is  the  radiant  gas  fire.  In  appearance  these  fires  are 
equal  to  anything  that  can  be  purchased,  and  with  the  economy 
of  operation  that  is  possible  and  the  absolute  control  of  the  heat 
are  well  worth  investigating.  The  heat  that  is  radiated  is  odor- 
less. Prof.  Leonard  Hill,  M.B..  F.R.S.,  etc..  has  emphasized  the 
health  value  of  radiant  heat  There  are  two  distinct  forms  of 
heat— radiated  and  convected.  Convection  is  the  warming  of  the 
air  by  contact  with  a  warm  body.  Radiation  is  the  warming  of 
the  walls,  floors  and  objects  in  the  room  by  the  direct  issue  of 
heat  rays  from  the  source  of  heat.  Radiant  heat  does  not  notice- 
ably warm  the  air,  but  passes  through  it,  warming  anv  material 
surfaces  which  intercept  the  rays.  These  surfaces '  graduallv 
warm  the  air  by  convection  to  a  comfortable  degree.  Heat  and 
light  radiations  are  given  out  by  these  heaters,  and  they  cor- 
respond more  closely  lin  appearance  to  a  coal  grate  than 
any  other  gas  operated  heater.  The  radJiating  power  is 
speedily  developed,  and  with  freedom  from  dirt  and 
noise  accomplish  a  great  deal  in  satisfactorily  solving 
the  domestic  heating  question.  The  designs  and  fin- 
ishes of  the  panel  and  inset  fires  are  adaptable  to 
almost  any  surroundings,  and  consequently  they  rather 
lend  attraction  to  the  furnishings  of  a  room. 


RADIANT  OAH  FIRE   INHTALLKP  IN    H(J1ISE  ON    HUNTLEY   ST.,  TORONTO,  ONT. 


INSET    FIRE    RADIANT    OAS    APPLIANCE. 


12  CONSTRUCTION 


A  TL ANTIC  Terra  Cotta  can  be  used  foi 
/-\     so  many  different  kinds  of  buildings 
that  it  is  hard  to  give  definite  infor- 
mation unless  we  know  something  about  the 
building  you  have  under  consideration. 

If  at  any  time  you  find  it  convenient  to  write  us  a 
descrii)tion  or  send  us  a  few  rough  sketches  we  shall  be 
glad  to  answer  personally  and  in  detail. 

Perhaps  we  can  supplement  our  answer  with  a  copy 
of  our  monthly  magazine,  Atlantic  Terra  Cotta,  containing 
illustrations  of  particular  interest. 

Anyway,  we  shall  do  our  best  to  give  you  the  in- 
formation you  want,  and  we  shall  not  subject  you  to 
a  long  and  mechanical  series  of  '  *  follow  -  up "  letters 
and  folders. 


Atlantic  Terra  Cotta  Company 

1170  Broadway,  New  York 


Copyright,  laie,  Atlaolic  Tprra  CotU  Co. 


% 


Hi 


August,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  8 


CONTENTS 

NEW    TYPE    OF    SCHOOL    CONSTRUCTION     249 

NORMAL    SCHOOL,    VICTORIA,     B.C 254 

THE     NEW     BISHOP     STRACHAN     SCHOOL     261 

DE     LA    SALLE    TRAINING    SCHOOL    267 

EDITORIAL      270 

Architectural    Affairs Getting   a    Square    Deal Development    in 

School    Construction. 

STATUS  OF  THE   CANADIAN   ARCHITECT    271 

THE     HEATING    AND    VENTILATION     OF    SCHOOLHOUSES     273 

CONSTRUCTION   NEWS   276 

Full    Page    Illustrations 

HATLEY    PARK,     RESIDENCE    OF    JAMES    DUNSMUIR,    VICTORIA,    B.C.  248 

THE   GARDEN    FRONT,    HATLEY    PARK,    RESIDENCE   OF   JAMES    DUNS- 
MUIR,  VICTORIA,    B.C 272 


H.   GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

GRAPHIC  ARTS  BLDG.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

BRANCH  OFFICES 


MONTREAL 


NEW  YORK 


248 


CONSTRUCTION 


New  Type  of  School  Construction 

Ryerson  School,  London,  Ont.,  Illustrates  an  Important  Development  in 

Canadian  School  Architecture 

Watt  and  Blachiicll,  Architects;     W.  G.  Murray,  Associate. 


TTIE  Ryerson  School  is  a  distinct  departure 
in  sciiool  design  for  Canada,  it  being  the 
first  one-storey  school  building  in  Canada  em- 
bodying the  principles  of  modern  construction 
as  used  in  the  larger  cities  of  the  United  States. 
Of  course  there  are  many  one-storey  schools,  but 
this  one  is  entirely  different  and  superior  to  the 
oldei-  ones  on  account  of  its  up-to-date  lighting 
and  ventilation;  one  of  the  chief  claims  ad- 
vanced in  favor  of  this  type  is  its  lighting,  near- 
ly all  the  light  is  obtained  from  saw-tooth  skj'- 
lights,  each  one  facing  the  north,  ensuring  an 
unvarying  illumination,  also  avoiding  glare  and 
the  light  coming  from  above,  as  it  gives  all  parts 
of  the  room  even  distribution  of  light  without 
shadows.    A  strong  feature  in  favor  of  such  a 


social  centres  in  the  near  future,  having  all  play- 
grounds under  civic  management,  with  trained 
supervisors.  The  auditorium  is  a  rectangular 
room,  connected  on  three  sides  by  an  arcade, 
giving  the  sense  of  an  inner  court  in  a  classic 
mansion;  here  the  children  may  listen  to  poetry, 
learn  the  art  of  interpretation,  watch  moving 
pictures  of  great  events,  etc.,  in  the  day  time, 
and  the  grown  people  of  the  neighborhood  come 
in  at  night  for  their  club  meetings,  listen  to  lec- 
tures, and  meet  for  social  intercourse. 

There  are  eight  classrooms,  all  having  con- 
cealed wardrobes,  thoroughly  ventilated,  and 
equii)ped  with  umbrella  holders  and  rubber 
racks,  besides  the  usual  equipment. 

Tlie  manual  training  room  has  a  large  store- 


RYKRSON    SCHOOL,   LONOON,   ONT. 


school  is  the  emergency  exit  from  each  and 
every  classroom  at  the  ground  level,  and  this 
feature  is  also  a  factor  in  the  cost  of  building 
such  schools,  as  it  avoids  the  necessity  for  fire- 
l»roofing  to  a  great  extent.  Each  exit  from 
classrooms  has  a  panic  bolt,  which  ensures  sure 
exit  in  case  of  an  emergency.  The  heating  and 
ventilation  is  the  most  modern,  as  is  also  the 
l)lumbing  throughout. 

The  i)Ian  is  uni(|ue,  the  classrooms  being 
grouped  around  a  large  auditorium,  which  can 
be  utilized  for  school  jnirposes  in  the  day  time, 
or  for  holding  meetings  and  social  functions  by 
tile  community  at  night,  thus  making  this  school 
a  true  social  centre;  and  it  is  the  writer's  belief 
that  all  Canadian  schools  will  be  planned  as 


WATT    &    BLACKWELL,    ARCHITECTS;    W.    G.    MTRRAY,    ASSOCIATED. 

room  with  several  cui)boards  in  it,  and  every- 
thing necessary  for  a  modern  carpenter  shop; 
also  an  observation  gallery,  so  that  the  pupils 
may  watch  their  instructor  in  comfort. 

The  kindergarten  is  bright  and  cheery,  has  a 
se]iarate  entrance  for  the  children,  and  is  mod- 
ern in  every  respect,  even  to  the  extent  of  having 
juvenile  toilet  fixtures  for  the  "kiddies."  Off 
the  corridor  to  this  room  is  a  completely  efpiip- 
ped  nurses'  room. 

The  domestic  science  room  is  complete  with  all 
e<pii])ment,  and  off  same  is  a  model  dining-room, 
also  a  model  bedroom,  where  children  nuiy  be 
taught  household  duties. 

The  boiler  room,  fan  room,  etc.,  nre  placed  in 
the  central  portion  of  the  building,  back  of  the 


249 


250 


CONSTRUCTION 


Miulitoriuiii,  and  ('vcrytliiug  licro  is  n))-to-date 
and  is  huilt  coinplotc  for  the  inspection  of  the 
public  the  same  as  tlic  rest  of  tlie  bnildiiisr. 


Olf  tlie  main 
entrance  is  situ- 
ated the  library, 
principal's  and 
teaciiers'  o  f- 
fices ;  in  the 
l)i'incii)al's  of- 
fice, wliicli  is  in 
direct  connec- 
tion with  the 
p  r  i  n  ci  pa  1  's 
classroom,  i  s 
situated  the 
switchboard  for 
t  li  e  intercom- 
municating tele- 
plione  system. 

The  exterior 
of  the  Ryerson 
School,  which  is 
of  classic  de- 
sign and  pres- 
ents a  parti- 
cularlyeflfective 
facade,  was 
originally  d  e- 
signed  with  a 
tapestry  brick 
face,  but  owing 
to  the  extreme 
economy  exer- 
cised by  the 
trustees, was  af- 
terwardschang- 
"d  to  stucco, 
which  gives  a 
V  e  r  y  pleasing 
effect,  and  will 
improve  with 
time,  when  the 
terracinsr  is  fin- 
ished and  the 
vines  grow  up 
on  this  trellis 
work. 

The  cost  of 
this  school  was 
fi  f  t  y- 1  h  r  e  e 
thousand  d  o  1- 
lars,  cost  per 
cubic  foot  nine 
a  n  d  oue-half 
cents,  a  saving 
of  at  least  six 
cents  per  cubic 
foot  over  the 
ordinary  type  of  school  construction.  The  build- 
ing was  also  completed  with  a  deduction  of 
tliirtv-five  dollars  from  the  contract.     Watt  & 


WATT   &   BLACKWELL,   ARCHITECTS; 
W.    O.     MLRRAY,    ASSOCIATED. 


CONSTRUCTION 


251 


Blackwell  were  the  archi- 
tects who  prepared  the 
plans  and  specifications ; 
W.  G.  Murray,  associated, 
who  supervised  the  work. 

CANADA'S 

FORESTS  AND 

THE  WAR 

The  economic  import- 
ance of  the  forest  re- 
sources of  this  continent 
will  be  greatly  enhanced  as 
a  result  of  the  war.  En- 
ormous quantities  of  tim- 
ber are  necessarily  used 
for  military  purposes,  in 
addition  to  what  is  un- 
avoidably destroyed  in  the 
fighting  zone. 

The  shortage  of  tonnage 
has  made  it  impracticable 
for  the  needed  supplies  of 

timber  to  be  furnished  on  any  large  scale  from 
Canada  or  the  United  States,  and,  as  a  result, 
heavy  cutting  has  become  necessary  in  the  bel- 
ligerent countries.  AVhile  England  is  not  gen- 
erally regarded  as  a  forest  country,  and  has 
made  relatively  little  progress  in  public  for- 
estry, there  is  still  in  England  and  Scotland  a 
considerable  amount  of  timber,  mostly  on  royal 
and  private  estates.  The  imperative  necessity 
for  utilizing  this  timber  has  resulted  in  the 
despatch  of  a  battalion  of  Canadian  woodsmen 
to  cut  it  for  war  purposes.  Very  large  quanti- 
ties have  also  been  cut  in  France  and  in  Russia. 
Tn  Relgium,  the  Germans  have  cut  a  large  pro- 


MANUAL  TKAIN'INfi   ROOM,   RYERSON    SCHOOL,  LONDON,  ONT. 


DOMESTIC    SCIENCE    ROOM,    RYERSON    SCHOOL,    LONDON,    ONT. 

portion  of  the  timber  and  have  used  it  in  mili- 
tary operations,  or  shipped  it  to  Germany. 

The  result  of  all  this  over-cutting  will  mean  a 
heavy  shortage  of  timber  for  reconstruction  pur- 
poses after  the  war,  when  it  should  be  possible 
to  make  large  shipments  from  this  continent. 
This  will  mean  a  largely  increased  drain  upon 
Canadian  forests,  and  serves  to  emphasize  the 
necessity  for  still  more  complete  conservation  of 
this  tremendously  valuable  asset,  if  Canada  is  to 
take  full  advantage  of  her  opportunities  for 
world-service  in  this  direction. 

The  greatest  enemy  of  the  forest  is,  and  al- 
ways has  been,  fire.  It  has  been  estimated  tliat 
the  average  annual  forest 
fire  loss  in  this  country  is 
sufficient  to  pay  the  inter- 
est on  the  recent  Dominion 
loan  of  one  hundred  mil- 
lion dollars.  To  reduce 
this  loss,  it  is  necessary 
not  only  to  grant  larger 
appropriations  for  fire- 
ranging  services,  but  also 
to  reorganize  such  services 
in  a  number  of  cases,  witli 
a  view  of  securing  a  dol- 
lar's worth  of  protection 
for  every  dollar  spent.  It 
has  been  stated  on  com- 
l)etent  authority  that  at 
present  more  money  is 
wasted  on  forest  fire  pro- 
tection, for  lack  of  proper 
organization  and  super- 
vision, than  is  expended 
advantageously. 

The   importance   of  the 


252 


CONSTRUCTION 


AUCITomiM     KKHM     STACK,    I! YKIiSdN    SCHOOL,    LONDON,    ONT. 


WATT    &     HI.AI'KWKI,!..    AHI'll  ITKI'TS  ;    W.    (i.     MlliFiAY,    ASSI KMATKI). 


TYPICAL  CLASSliOOM,   RYEItSON   SCHOOL,  LONDON,  ONT. 


WATT  &    BLACKWELL,  ARCHITECTS;    W.   C.    MURRAY,  ASSOCUTBD. 


CONSTRUCTION 


253 


forest  in  the  internal  econ- 
omy of  Canada  is  sliowu 
by  the  fact  that  the  aver- 
age total  value  of  forest 
products  of  Canada  is  in 
the  neighboi'hood  of  one 
lunidred  and  eighty  mil- 
lion dollars,  or  an  average 
wealth  i)rodnction  of  about 
twenty-five  dollars  i)er 
head  of  population.  Near- 
ly eight  million  dollars  in 
direct  revenue  is  received 
annually  by  the  Federal 
and  Provincial  Govern- 
ments from  the  sale  or 
lease  of  cutting  rights  to 
publicly-owned  timber 
lands  and  from  royalty 
and  stumpage  payments 
made  upon  timber  so  cut. 
Some  five  thousand  wood- 
using  industries  in  Canada 

are  directly  dependent  upon  the  supply  of  tim- 
ber cut  from  non-agricultural   lands. 

The  importance  of  preventing  the  continued 
destruction  of  this  great  resource  can  scarcely 
be  over-emphasized. 


AGRICULTURE  IN  THE  SCHOOLS 

in  the  public  schools  of  most  of  the  Provinces 
of  Canada,  nature  study  and  agriculture  are  in- 
cluded in  the  prescribed  course  of  work,  but  the 
opportunity  of  correlating  school  subjects  witli 
practical  life  on  the  farm  is  not  always  fullv 


KINPBRCABTBN,  RYEBSON  SCHOOL,  LONDON, 


LIBRARY,   RYERSOX    SCHOOL,   LONDON,    OXT. 

utilized.  In  rural  and  village  schools,  parti- 
cularly, the  interest  of  children  in  their  school 
work  should  be  aroused  and  held  by  its  intimate 
contact  with  agriculture.  A  few  suggestions  are 
offered  herewith  for  impressing  upon  the  pupils 
the  utility  value  of  the  subjects  taught. 

In  connection  with  the  teaching  of  arithmetic 
the  following  topics  might  be  used  as  a  basis  for 
problems  and  general  instruction: 

Neat  methods  of  compiling  farm  records,  e.g., 
milk  and  egg  production,  receipts  and  expenses, 
time  sheets,  etc.  These  records  will  form  the 
basis  for  numerous  problems. 

Cost  of  production,  rent, 
labor,  wear  and  tear 
of  machinery ;  marketing 
of  farm  products,  com- 
putation of  profits,  men- 
suration of  fields,  wood- 
|)iles,  lumber,  ice-houses, 
etc. ;  invoices,  cheques,  re- 
ceipts and  commercial 
forms ;  taxation ;  mort- 
gages. 

The  teaching  of  reading 
and  the  sifudy  of  literature 
offer  excej)tional  oppor- 
tunities for  arousing  the 
interest  of  the  pupil. 

The  best  literature  is  re- 
plete with  selections  cal- 
culated to  inspire  a  love  of 
outdoor  life  and  an  inter- 
est in  the  plants  and  ani- 
mals with  which  the  coun- 
try child  comes  in  daily 
ONT.  contact— Conservation. 


Normal  School,  Victoria,  B.C. 

A  Reinforced  Concrete  Structure  Embodying  Many  Interesting  Features 


W.C.  l'\(l ilium,  Air 

rjnilE  location  of  tlie  Provincial  Normal  School 
_1_  at  tlie  intersection  of  Lansdowne  avenue 
and  Hicliniond  road,  Victoria,  B.C.,  is  an  admir- 
able one  for  such  a  building. 

The  site  has  its  greatest  depth  along  Rich- 
mond road,  and  as  the  ground  slopes  gently 
from  jjansdowiie  avenue  to  the  rear  of  the  i)ro- 
j)erty,  the  building  has  been  placed  at  the  highest 
point  of  the  site,  thus  giving  a  clear  view  of  the 
building  from  both  roa<ls,  as  well  as  from  a 
large  portion  of  the  surrounding  country. 

The  general  dimensions  of  the  building  are: 
Length,  three  hundred  and  nine  feel  four  inches; 
average  width,  sixty-two  feet  eight  inches,  in- 
creasing at  the  centre  of  the  building  to  seventy- 
five  feet  eight  inches;  height  from  ground  to 
base  of  finial  at  top  of  tower,  ninety-eight  feet. 

The  excavation  for  the  building  and  fouiula- 
tions  was  made  in  solid  rock,  evidently  the  na- 
tive bedrock,  since  the  marks  of  the  glacier  were 
clearly  defined  upon  the  surface  of  the  rock  when 
the  top  earth  had  been  strii)ped.  An  interest- 
ing find  nuule  during  the  excavation  was  a  huge 
boulder  of  limestone,  of  which  there  is  none  in 
the  immediate  vicinity,  and  which  was  evidentiv 


liitcct,  Vancouver,  B.C. 

deposited  at  this  point  during  the  glacial  period. 
The  foundations  of  the  building  are,  therefore, 
laid  upon  this  solid  rock  sub-stratum,  and  aic 
composed  of  reinforced  concrete,  which  at  the 
walls  extends  uj)  to  ground  level,  being  water- 
proofed to  that  j)oint  to  keep  out  dampness. 

The  skeleton  structure  of  the  building  is  built 
of  reinforced  ccmcrete,  of  a  mixture  of  <me  part 
of  cement,  two  of  sand,  and  four  of  broken 
stone,  the  stone  being  taken  from  the  excavation 
and  crushed  on  the  site.  The  reinforcing  is  of 
sciuare  steel  rods  twisted  cold.  The  roof  is  car- 
I'ied  on  steel  trusses,  with  steel  puiTins  sheeted 
with  jdank,  aiul  then  felted  and  slated.  The  ceil- 
ing below  the  roof  is  carried  on  the  roof  trusses 
by  steel  ceiling  rafters  and  a  reinforced  concrete 
slab. 

The  walls  are  built  of  interlocking  tile,  faced 
with  pressed  brick  laid  up  in  English  bond  with 
horizontal  joints  raked  back,  and  vertical  joints 
Hush.  The  stone  is  from  Dennum  Island.  The 
stone  at  entrances  and  upon  the  centre  of  the 
south  facade  is  elaborately  carved. 

All  interior  ])artitions  are  of  hollow  clay  tile, 
thus  rendering  the  entire  building  fireproof. 


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VIKW     IN     Al   lilTOKn    M.    IJlOKINd    TOWAKDS    PROSCp;  N  H '  M  , 
iNOUMAL    SCHOOL,    VICTORIA,    B.C. 


I'KOVl.NCIAL 


VIKW     I.V     AIUITORHM.     LOOKINO     toward    (iALLERV,    I'UIIVI.NIIAI, 
NORMAL    SCHOOL,    VICTORIA,    B.C. 


254 


CONSTRUCTION 


255 


PROVINCIAL    NORMAL    SCHOOL,    VK^OUIA,    B.C. 

The  lieatini>-  is  by  stemu  on  tlie  direct-indirect 
system  in  conjunction  with  an  exhaust  ventilat- 
ini?  system.  Fresli  air  is  admitted  tliroug'h 
suitable  gratings  in  the  walls  at  each  radiator, 
and  after  being  heated  by  passing  over  the 
radiator  is  exhausted  with  the  foul  air  by  means 
of  a  ventilating  fan  placed  in  the  attic  of  the 
building  and  discharged  up  through  the  tower. 

The  temperature  of  the 
different  rooms  is  automati- 
cally controlled  by  thermo- 
stats, which  insure  an  even 
temperature  throughout  the 
building. 

The  plumbing  throughout 
is  of  the  most  modern  type, 
and  is  so  installed  that 
drains,  supply  pipes,  etc.,  are 
ac<'essible  foi-  ins|)ecti(m. 

Gas  for  the  building,  for 
emergency  lighting,  and  for 
the  domestic  science  depart- 
ment and  tlie  laboratories,  is 
supplied  by  a  gas  plant 
placed  in  a  separate  building 
to  the  nortli  of  the  main 
structure. 

Underneath  the  corridor 
in  the  lower  ground  floor  or 
basement,  a  tunnel  is  built 
running  from  end  to  end  of 
the  building,  arid  in  whioli  are 
placed  heating,  i)lumbing, 
water,  gas  and  other  pipes, 
drains,  etc. 

The  electrical  e(|uipinent 
of  the  building  for  lighting, 
power,  etc.,  is  installed  en- 
tirely in  iron  armored  con- 
duit, and  is  most  complete 
for  all  purposes,  such  as  the 


W.    C.    F.    GILLAM,    ARCHITECT. 


vacuum  cleaning  apparatus,  clock  system,  tele- 
phone system,  etc. 

Tlie  artificial  lighting  in  all  of  the  classrooms, 
lecture  rooms,  laboratories,  auditorium,  etc.,  is 
on  the  semi-indirect  system,  by  which  the  liglit 
is  well  diffused  throughout  each  room  without 
glare. 

The  building  is  planned  throughout  to  secure 


THE  TmsT  JLoDR  Flan. 


"IhE  GROUND  flJMi  PLAN. 


IW.  1  x)W]f.R  Cjwitno  nxsm  Fi an. 


256 


CONSTRUCTION 


DOMESTIC    SCIENCE    (COOKERY)    HOOM,    PROVINCIAL    NORMAL   SCHOOL,   VICTORIA,    B.C. 


W.    C.    F.    lilLLAM,    ARCHITECT. 


the  greatest  degree  of  co-operation  between  the 
several  departments  of  the  school  and  conveni- 
eiico  in  acbiiiiiistration. 


In  the  lower  ground  floor  or  ba.sement  are 
placed  the  manual  training  department,  gyiii- 
iiasiura,   recreation  and    lunch   rooms,   general 


TVrlOL  CL.\S!~lll>c,i,\I,   I'HyVJNCIAL   .N'WMAl,  ijCHOOL,  VICTyRIA,  B.C. 


W.  C-  r.   GILLAM,  ARCHITECT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


257 


toilet  rooms,  boiler  room,  etc.  Tlic  manual  train- 
ing department  comprises  a  woodworking  room, 
metalworking  room,  instructor's  room  and  stor- 
age room.  The  woodworking  room  is  sixty-four 
feet  six  inches  by  twenty-four  feet  by  fifteen 
feet  high,  and  is  fitted  up  with  the  latest  ap- 
pliances for  instruction  and  work.  The  metal- 
working  room  is  fourteen  feet  six  inches  by 
twenty-four  feet  by  twelve  feet  high,  and  is 
eipiipped  with  double  forge,  fan,  etc.,  and  anvil. 
The  instructor's  room  is  located  so  that  com- 
plete supervision  is  obtained  at  all  times.  The 
gymnasium  is  seventy-three  feet  by  tliirty-five 
feet  by  seventeen  feet  high,  and  is  equipped 
with  the  most  modern  apparatus.  The  students' 
toilet  rooms  are  at  opposite  ends  of  the  build- 
ing, men's  at  the  east  end  and  women's  at  the 
west.  Adjoining  each  toilet  room  is  a  bath  and 
dressing  room,  equipped  with  shower  baths,  and 
each  with  a  plunge  bath  seven  foot  six  inches  by 
twenty  foot,  and  with  a  maximum  depth  of  six 
feet.  The  toilet  rooms,  and  bath  and  dressing 
rooms,  as  well  as  the  plunge  baths,  are  lined 
with  ivory  white  glazed  tiles,  and  have  tiled 
floors.  The  female  students'  recreation  room  is 
sixty-four  foot  six  inches  by  twenty-four  feet  by 
fifteen  feet  high,  and  the  male  students'  recrea- 
tion room  is  thirty-seven  feet  six  inches  by 
twenty-four  feet  by  twelve  feet  high.  Adjacent 
to  these  rooms  are  storage  rooms  for  games  and 
cycles,  etc.    The  lunch  rooms  are  fitted  with  gas 


ONE  OF  MAIN  3TAIRCA8ES,  PBOVINCML  NORMAL  SCHOOL,  ViCTOlUA,  B.C. 


FIRST    FLOOR    CORRIDOR,    PROVINCIAL    NORMAL    SCHOOL,    VICTORIA,    B.C. 

burners,  for  the  purpi.-se  of  boiling  water  for 
tea,  or  making  toast,  etc.,  and  with  the  necessary 
tables  and  chairs.  In  addition  to  the  rooms 
above  noted,  there  are  also  in  the  basement  a 
janitor's  workshop  and  a  general  storage  room. 
The  boiler  room  is  fifty-two  feet  by  twenty-four 
feet  by  seventeen  feet  high,  adjoining  which  is  a 
fuel  room  (built  under  tlie  roadway  at  north 
side  of  building)  thirty-eight  feet  six  inches  by 
twentj'-five  feet. 

The  ground  floor  has  main  entrance  hall  and 
crush  hall  at  the  centre  of  the  middle  block, 
flanked  by  a  special  filing  room  on  one  side,  and 
on  the  other  by  the  hall  porter's  room  and  tele- 
phone switchboard.  There  are  three  classrooms 
on  this  floor,  each  thirty- two  foot  by  twenty- 
four  feet  by  twelve  feet  high,  also  a  library 
stack  room  fourteen  feet  six  inches  by  twenty- 
four  feet  by  twelve  feet  high,  and  a  reading 
room  thirty-two  feet  by  twenty-four  foot  by 
twelve  feet  high.  The  students'  locker  rooms 
are  also  on  this  floor,  that  for  the  women  being 
thirty-seven  feet  six  inches  by  twenty-four  feet, 
and  for  the  men  twenty-four  feet  six  inches  by 
twenty-four  feet  by  twelve  feet  high,  and  are 
fitted  with  metal  lockers.  The  auditorium,  placed 
directly  o])posite  the  main  entrance,  is  seventy- 
three  feet  by  thii'ty-five  feet  by  twenty-five  feet 
to  to})  of  cornice,  and  thirty-one  feet  nine  inches 
to  crown  of  ceiling  arch.  The  ceiling  is  arched, 
and  with  decorated  plaster  ribs  panelled  be- 


258 


CONSTRUCTION 


twoeii.  A  ffullery  is  placed  at  one  end  of  the 
auditorium,  access  to  which  is  ;^ained  from  the 
first  lloor  C()rri(h)r.  A  fireproof  room  for  a  mov- 
ing jticturc  apparatus  is  built  into  the  j^aliery. 
Tlic  auditorium  is  wainscoted  in  British  Colum- 
bia Douj^las  fir  to  a  heij^ht  of  six  feet  six  inches. 
The  sta^'c  is  fitted  with  a  roller  curtain  for  use 
as  a  moviuf?  i)icture  screen.  The  seating  capa- 
city of  the  auilitorium,  inchiding  the  gallery,  is 
about  four  hundred  and  fifty. 

In  the  portions  of  the  building  connecting  the 
nuuu  building  and  the  wings  are  located  the  ])rin- 
cipal's  and  head  mistress'  rooms,  and  rooms  for 
teachers;  also  an  office  for  the  secretary,  and  a 
nnisic  room  at  each  end. 

The  ground  fioor  of  each  wing  is  used  for  the 
model  schools.  Each  wing  contains  one  class- 
room, thirty-two  feet  by  twenty-four  feet  by 
twelve  feet  high;  also  cloak  and  toilet  rooms  for 
the  children  of  the  model  school.  The  entrances 
foi-  the  model  school  are  placed  at  each  end  of 
the  main  corridor,  so  that  the  children  need  not 
trespass  into  the  main  {wrtion  of  the  normal 
school.  Entrances  for  the  normal  students  are 
l)Iaced  on  both  north  and  south  sides  in  the  con- 
nections between  nuiin  building  and  wings. 

The  first  floor  contains  in  the  main  building 
three  classrooms  proper,  each  thirty-two  feet 
by  twenty-four  feet  by  twelve  feet  high;  also  the 
art  room,  and  the  science  lecture  room.  The 
art  room  and  the  science  lecture  room  are  each 


MAIN     K.NTiiA.NCli    VKSTIUI   l.K.    riiuVlNOlAL     NdlfMAL    !SCHU()L,      VKTOKIA     B.C. 


UOOK    IN     AUDITORIUM,    PROVINCIAL    NORMAL    SCHOOL,    VICTORIA,    B.C. 

thirty-nine  feet  six  inches  by  twenty-four  feet, 
with  arched  ceiling  fifteen  feet  from  the  spring 
of  the  arch  to  seventeen  feet  six  inches  to  the 
crown. 

The  connections  between  main  building  and 
wings  coidain  the  preparation  room  for  the 
science  lecture  room,  optical  dark  room,  biologi- 
cal laboratory,  science  master's  room,  assistant 
mistress'  room,  on  the  east  side;  and  the  sewing 
room,  laundry  of  domestic  science  department, 
and  domestic  science  mistress'  room  on  the  west 
side.  The  east  wing  contains  the  chemical 
laboratory,  physics  laboratory,  balance  and 
store  rooms;  while  the  west  wing  is  given  over 
to  the  domestic  science  department,  and  contains 
the  cookery  room,  pantries,  etc.,  attached,  and 
the  housekeeping  suite,  which  contains  living 
i-oom,  dining  room,  kitchen,  bath  and  two  bed- 
rooms, and  is  used  to  teach  the  rudiments  of 
good  housekeeping. 

In  the  centre  of  the  building,  over  the  en- 
trance hall,  is  placed  a  i-est  or  sick  room,  with 
medical    storeroom  attached. 

The  tower  contains  the  ventilating  outlet  for 
the  entire  building,  and  the  clock  apparatus. 

The  floors  of  the  corridor  in  basement,  manual 
training  rooms,  storerooms,  etc.,  are  finished  in 
cement,  with  cement  compound  as  a  surfacel". 
(\)rridors  and  stairways  of  the  ground  and  first 
floors  are  finished  in  marble  terrazo,  as  well  as 
the  entrances.    The  general  floors  of  the  remain- 


CONSTRUCTION 


259 


PRINCIPAL   ENTRANCE   TO    AUDITORIUM,    PROVINCIAL    NORMAL    SCHOOL, 
VICTORIA,    B.C. 

ing  instructional  rooms  and  the  auditorium  are 
of  wood-block,  made  of  British  Columbia  Dou- 
glas fir.  The  blocks  are  cut  nine  inches  by 
three  inches  by  one  and  one-half  inches  thick, 
and  are  layed  in  a  herringbone  pattern,  except 
for  the  border  around  each  room,  which  is  layed 
straight  with  broken  joints.  The  blocks  are 
rabetted  or  grooved  on  the  lower  edges,  both  at 
sides  and  ends,  and  are  set  in  a  mastic  prepara- 
tion, which  binds  them  to  the  concrete  slab  and 
to  each  other.  The  floor  in  the  gj^mnasium  is  of 
tongued  and  grooved  Bi-itish  Columbia  Douglas 
fir,  layed  in  the  usual  manner  on  sleepers  on  the 
concrete.  The  deadening  quality  of  the  wood- 
block floors  is  remarkable.  So  often  in  a  con- 
crete building  the  resonance  of  the  floors  is 
transmitted  and  multiplied  through  the  struc- 
ture, but  with  these  wood-block  floors  there  is  no 
resonance,  hence  no  multijilication  of  sound.  In 
fact  the  floors  are  quite  dead.  All  wood  floors 
are  finished  with  filler  and  wax  polish.  The 
floor  of  the  cookery  room  in  the  domestic  science 
department  is  of  terrazo. 

The  fixtures  throughout  the  building  were 
specially  designed  by  the  architect,  great  care 
having  been  taken  to  embody  the  most  recent 
ideas  for  the  convenience  of  both  teacher  and 
student,  as  well  as  appliances  which  make  for 
practicability  in  both  instruction  and  demon- 
stration. 

The  working  tables  of  the  physics  laboratory 
are  e«|uipj)ed  with  electric  connections  for  direct 


current  fiom  storage  battery,  as  well  as  for 
direct  current  from  power  company's  lines,  and 
alternating  current  also  from  power  company's 
lines.  These  connections  are  centred  in  a  special 
switchboard  in  the  physics  laboratory,  so  de- 
signed that  confusion  or  crossed  currents  cannot 
occur.  In  the  work  tables  of  the  chemical 
laboratory  are  placed  special  Doulton  sinks  and 
waste  connections  which  are  acid  proof,  and 
the  tables  are  arranged  to  give  the  student  great 
capacity  and  convenience  in  working.  In  the 
cookery  room  of  the  domestic  science  depart- 
ment, the  working  tables  are  arranged  in  a  hol- 
low square,  with  the  demonstrator's  table  clos- 
ing the  fourth  side  of  the  square.  The  tops  of 
the  tables  are  of  opalite  glass,  about  one  inch  in 
thickness,  and  each  student's  place  has  a  swing- 
ing seat,  and  is  fitted  up  with  mixing  board, 
drawers,  cupboards,  etc.  Each  table  is  equipped 
with  a  special  gas  burner  designed  especially 
for  this  building. 

For  general  demonstration  purposes  the  cook- 
ery room  is  equipped  with  a  large  coal  range,  a 
gas  range  (burning  air  gas),  an  electric  range, 
together  with  the  necessary  boilers,  broilers, 
etc.  Porcelain  sinks  are  placed  at  several  points 
around  the  room,  with  plate  drying  racks  above. 

The  demonstration  table  in  the  science  lecture 
room  is  fitted  up  with  all  appliances  for  both 
chemical  and  physical  lectures,  as  well  as  work 
in  biology,  photography,  etc. 

The  sewing  room  of  the  domestic  science  de- 


EASTERN    ENTR\NCE    DOORWAY    TO    AI'DITORIUM.    PROVINCIAL    NORMAT. 
SCHOOL,    VICTORIA,    B.C. 


260 


CONSTRUCTION 


MKDALUON    IN    AimiTORIUM     (ONE    OF    FOUR    POETS),    PROVINCIAL 
NORMAL    SCHOOL,    VICTORIA,    B.C. 

partincnt  is  equipped  with  demonstration  table, 
outtini?  tables,  special  lianj^inj;:  and  needle-work 
cupboards,  spool-drawers,  etc. 

The  laundry  is  e(|uii)i>ed  with  a  steam  dryer 
and  f?as  stove  for  heating'  flat-irons,  as  well  as 
outlets  for  attachment  of  electric  irons.  The 
tubs  are  of  porcelain,  fitted  with  wrinf>:er  boards. 

The  biological  laboratory  is  fitted  with  an 
a<iuariuni,  and  cases,  sink  and  tables  for  demon- 
stration and  development  of  cultui'es,  etc. 

The  entire  building  is  ecpiipped  with  a  stand- 
ard electric  time  system  of  clocks,  controlled  by 
a  master  and  proyrauuue  clock  in  the  i)rinci])ars 
room,  which  also  controls  the  tower  clock.  The 
clock  system  is  interconnected  witli  the  fire 
alai-in  system,  so  that  in  case  of  fire  an  alarm 
may  l)e  i-un,i>'  upon  each  of  the  proi>:ranune  bells 
in  the  different  rooms,  as  well  as  upon  the  fire 
s-onns  in  corridors.  A  system  of  interior  tele- 
phones is  also  carried  throughout  the  building, 
i'uhlic  telephone  connections  are  made  from  the 
principal's  office,  secretary's  room,  and  ])orter's 
room  at  main  entrance.  Fire  hydrants  with 
undci-wi-iters'  hose  are  placed  throuohout  the 
building  iti  such  manner  that  all  points  can  be 
reached.  A  vacuum  cleaning  system  operated 
by  electric  motor  is  ])i])ed  throughout  the  build- 
ing. 

At  the  end  entrances  to  the  l)asement  the  ap- 
proach from  the  ground  level  to  the  basement 
level  is  made  by  an  incline,  concrete  surfaced, 
so  that  bicycles  nuiy  be  conveniently  taken  in 
and  out. 


The  gas  house,  in  which  is  placed  the  gas 
making  apparatus,  is  placed  about  sixty  feet 
north  of  the  l)uilding,  al)out  opposite  centre;  the 
l)iping  being  run  underground  and  distributed 
through  the  pijje  tunnel  under  corridor  of  base- 
ment. The  gas  house  is  built  entirely  of  con- 
crete, with  slate  roof,  fireproof  win(U)w  frames 
with  wired  glass,  kaloinined  doors,  etc,  being 
made  as  nearly  preproof  as  ])ossible.  Gas  is 
supplied  for  the  cookery  room,  laundry,  hou.se- 
keeping  suite,  and  other  parts  of  the  domestic 
science  department,  all  laboratories,  manual 
training  rooms,  lecture  rooms,  teachers'  rooms, 
luncheon  rooms,  and  foi- demonstration  purposes 
on  stage  of  auditorium.  The  gas  supplie<l  is  an 
air  gas  made  from  gasoline  by  an  air-gas  aj)- 
pai-atns.  (ias  is  jjiped  al.so  for  emergency  illum- 
iiuition  in  corridors. 

The  heating  system  is  on  the  direct-indirect 
system  of  radiation,  fresh  air  being  taken  in 
through  ducts  passing  through  the  exterior  walls 
l)elow  each  radiator.  Two  boilers  comprise  two 
units,  each  seventy-two  inches  by  sixteen  feet, 
and  are  of  the  i-etnrn  tubular  type.  One  is  suffi- 
cient to  carry  the  load,  and  the  other  boiler  is 
installed  for  relief.  The  heating  system  is  e(|uii)- 
])ed  with  the  vacuum  system  and  the  system  of 
temperature  control.  The  domestic  hot  water 
supply  is  i)ii)ed  thi'oughout  the  building  to  all 
basins  and  tubs. 

The  plumbing  is  of  the  most  complete  char- 


PHYSICS    LABORATORY,    PROVINCIAL    NORMAL    SCHOOL,    VICTORIA.    B.C. 


CONSTRUCTION 


261 


acter  throughout.  All  wastes,  vents,  etc.,  above 
ground  are  of  galvanized  iron,  and  underground 
of  oast  iron.  All  supply  piping  is  of  galvanized 
iron.  No  lead  is  used  anywhere  in  the  building. 
Vent  pipes  are  collected  at  convenient  points 
in  the  roof  space,  and  taken  out  on  the  inside 
slopes  of  roof  s  oas  not  to  be  visible  from  the  ex- 
terior of  building.  All  piping  is  concealed 
throughout.  A  supply  tank  is  placed  in  the 
lower  storey  of  the  tower,  the  bottom  of  tank 
being  a  trifle  below  ridge  of  nuiin  roof.  This 
tank  is  supplied  from  the  public  waterworks,  and 
has  in  conjunction  an  electric  ])ump  for  boosting 
the  pressure  when  the  pressure  in  the  street 
mains  is  down.    The  tower  tank  is  built  of  steel. 


The  ventilating  system  is  on  the  exhaust  prin- 
cii)al,  and  is  operated  by  a  fan  placed  in  the  roof 
space  just  north  of  the  base  of  the  tower,  and 
exhausts  through  duets  up  into  the  tower.  The 
capacity  of  the  heating  and  ventilating  plants  is 
such  that  the  air  througjiout  the  building  may  be 
changed  six  times  i)er  houi-.  Fresh  air  is  ad- 
mitted through  gratings  placed  in  the  walls  im- 
mediately behind  the  radiators. 

The  cost  of  the  work  was  in  round  numbers 
four  Inindred  thousand  dollars. 

The  architect  was  W.  C.  P.  Gillam,  M.S.A., 
Licentiate  R.T.B.A.,  of  the  firm  of  Bryan  &  Gil- 
lam,  Vancouver;  and  the  general  contractors 
were  Luney  Bros.,  Limited,  of  Victoria. 


The  New  Bishop  Strachan  School 

Toronto's  Latest  and  Most  Modern  Residential  School  For  Girls 


THE  continued  encroachment  of  the  business 
section  of  Toronto  on  districts  which  a  few 
short  years  ago  were  considered  uptown  has 
added  one  more  to  the  increasing  number  of  in- 
stitutions forced  to  seek  larger  and  more  spaci- 
ous homes  to  provide  accommodation  for  the 
growing  needs  of  Toronto  as  an  educational  cen- 
tre. The  Bishop  Strachan  School,  illustrated 
herewith,  is  an  example  of  meeting  this  problem, 
and  the  long  and  honorable  career  of  this  in- 
stitution continues  in  this  most  modeiii  struc- 
ture, which  is  a  creditable  addition  to  Toronto's 
many  fine  college  buildings. 

Designed  in  the  collegiate  Grothic  style,  the 
building  is  an  expression  in  s'tone,  surrounded 


by  Ijeautifui  homes  on  College  Heights,  over- 
looking Greater  Toronto. 

A  city  block,  bounded  by  Lonsdade  road  on 
the  south  and  front  facade,  Russell  Hill  road 
on  the  west,  Warren  road  on  the  east,  and  Fry- 
brook  avenue  on  the  north,  provide  a  worthy 
setting  for  the  impressive  building  within.  Built 
of  grey  Credit  Valley  sandstone,  with  copings, 
facings,  cornices  and  window  casements  of  cult 
stone,  the  sehooi  and  residence  are  as  two  sides 
of  a  quadrangle,  connected  on  the  east  side  by 
the  assembly  hall,  and  on  the  west  by  music 
rooms  and  domestic  quarters. 

The  building  has  a  southern  frontage  on 
Lonsdale  road  of  two  hundred  and  eighty-five 


ART  iiooM,  lusiiof  sti;ai.-ii.w  school,  toi:onto,  O.N'T. 


SPROATT    &    liOLPII,   ARCHITECTS. 


262 


CONSTRUCTION 


THK    niSllOl'    STKACHAN    HCH(H11„    TORONTO,    ONT. 

feet,  and  au  east  aud  west  frontage  of  two  hun- 
dred and  forty  feet,  and  while  tlie  soutiiern  or 
front  portion  contains  three  storeys  in  height, 
the  remaining  portions  lias  four  floors. 

The  assenil)ly  hall  is  a  spacious  room,  thirty- 
two  feeit  six  inches  by  eighty-seven  feet  «ix 
inches,  and  some  thirty  feet  in  height,  and  pro- 
vides seating  aceonvmodation  for  four  hundred 

l)ersons.  A  large 
stage,  thirty- 
three  feet  six 
inclies    bv    four- 


teen feet  six 
Indies  is  at 
one  end  of  the 
room.  In  the 
l>asement  sep- 
arate (r  I  o  a  k 
rooms  are  pro- 
V  i  d  e  d  for 
t  li  e  different 
graders  of  pu- 
l»i  I  s,  with 
necessary  la- 
vatory accom- 
moilation  ad- 
Joining. 

The  domes- 
tic service 
('  (|  u  i  |)  m  ent, 
wliich  is  an 
extensive  de- 
partment of  the  modern  institution,  has  ample 
space  pi-ovided  for  the  many  departments,  which 
include  kitchen,  bakery,  dairy,  fruit,  vegetable 
and  meat  rooms,  while  a  laundry  plant  complete 
in  every  detail  is  installed.  Servants'  dining 
rooms  are  located  here,  and  in  the  northwest  sec- 
tion a  gymnasium  occuimcs  s{)ace  of  some  sev- 
enty by  twenty-five  feet. 

Tn  the  north  wing  a  large  swimming  pool  is 
provided,  together  with  shower  batlis  and  dress- 
ing rooms.    This  swimming  pool  is  of  the  latest 
type,  (prickly  filled  and  emptied,  and  a  uniform 
temperature  of  water  is  automati- 
cillv  maintained. 


HPKOATT   &    HOl.l'H,  Alien  irECTS. 


IINII    Kl.ntJK    I'l.AN.    HISHOF'    STKAIMIAN    S(^H(MU..    TORONTf),   ONT. 


SPROATT   &    ROLPH,   ARCHITECTS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


263 


!tl---Jtiii^-"*^""='»""^-'"'""-""" 


Seaoion  -O-O 

ELEVATION,  BISHOP    STRACHAN    SCHOOL,   TORONTO,   ONT. 


-^ 


iFTTtP.fi — ram... 


|1P    ni;;i!!.Ql    !I!   ^M:: 


On  the  first  floor  close  to  the  main  entrance 
is  the  principal's  office,  with  waiting  and  gen- 
eral office  on  either  side  of  the  main  hall. 

Eeference  to  the  plans  will  indicate  the  ar- 
rangements of  the  class  rooms.  The  west  wing 
contains  laboratories,  the  junior  dining  room, 
servery  and  main  dining  room,  with  dumb  wait- 
ers to  kitch-en  immediately  below.  The  north 
wing  comprises  two  dormitories  and  the  same 
number  of  study  rooms,  and  in  the  east,  as  men- 
tioned before,  the  assembly  room  is  located.  In- 
dividual noise-proof  practice  rooms  are  placed 


on  the  first  and  second  floors.  The  second  floor 
is  largely  allotted  to  dormitories,  with  class 
rooms  over  the  schooi  proper.  A  large  library 
is  situated  directly  over  the  main  entrance, 
while  science  laboratories  are  in  the  southwest 
corner.  The  third  floor  is  fitted  up  as  art 
studios  facing  the  northern  light,  with  sky- 
lights in  roof.  The  fourth  floor  over  residence 
contains  the  students'  sleeping  quarters. 

A  forced  hot  water  system  provides  heat 
throughout,  circulating  through  the  mains  and 
radiators  under  pressure  with  a  very  slight  loss 


GREAT    HALL,    BISHOP    STRACHAN    SCHOOL,    TORONTO,    ONT. 


SPROATT    &    ROLPH,    ARCHITECTS, 


264 


CONSTRUCTION 


TYPICAL   Ol^SK    ROOM,    lllSIKii'   STKAi   H  A  N    Sl'll(X)L,   TOKONTO,   ONT. 

of  heat  units.  The  liot  water  system  gives  a 
lower  temperature  of  heat  emitted,  and  thereby 
does  not  absorb  the  natural  humidity  of  the 
room,  as  would  be  the  case  were  steam  the  me- 
dium. The  heating  plant  is  in  a  separate  build- 
ing, flow  and  return  mains  running  underground 
through  a  tunnel.  An  artificial  ice-making 
plant  is  a  part  of  the  |X)wer  plant  equipmenr, 
providing  cold  storage  facilities. 

Of  fireproof  constniction  throughout,  the  in- 
terior does  not  dhill  the  sensibilities,  the  wall 
finish  of  grey  plaster  giving  a  feeling  of  warmth. 
The  floors  are  of  beech  on  the  ground  and  upper 
storeys,  while  concrete  with  a  finish  of  grano- 
lithic is  used  in  the  basement.  The  interior 
finish  is  in  oak,  dark  staine<l,  with  fittings  in 
harmony.  The  roof  of  the  building  is  of  felt 
and  gravel,  with  green 
slate  shingles  on  the  eave 
slopes. 

Abundance  of  sunlight 
is  assured  br  the  many 
windows  of  leaded  glass  in 
metal  sash,  while  the 
artificial  lighting  is  dif- 
fused by  a  system  well 
[)laimed.  Ventilation,  an 
important  consideration  in 
buildings  of  concourse,  is 
assured  by  fresh  air  i)ass- 
ing  through  water,  then 
heated  and  forced  to  all 
[)arts  of  the  building. 

The  building  and  e(|ui])- 
ment  is  a  tribute  to  the 
skill  of  the  C'aiuidian 
architects,  Canadian  con- 
tractors and  Canadian 
manufacturers,  whose  com- 
bined efforts  have  reared 
from  the  resources  of  Can- 
ada the  new  home  of  the 
Bishop  Strai'han  School. 


SETTLERS'  PERMITS  FOR  FIRES 

During  the  last  session  of  the  Legislature  of 
(^)uebee  several  amendments  were  made  to  the 
Fire  Act,  which  are  calculated  to  add  materially 
to  its  strength  and  efficiency. 

One  of  these  provisions  recjuires  that  settlers 
engaged  in  clearing  operations  must,  between 
April  1  and  Novend)er  15  of  each  year,  secure  a 
burning  permit  from  an  authorized  forest  officer 
before  setting  out  clearing  fires.  Wherever  this 
,|)i()vision  is  proj)erly  enforced,  it  will  undoubt- 
edly effect  a  very  material  reduction  in  the  for- 
est fire  loss.  One  of  the  most  serious  features 
of  the  fire  situation  throughout  Canada  is  the 
tendency  of  settlers  to  burn  debris  during  dry 
periods,  when  fire  is  likely  to  spread  and  cause 
serious  damage.  A  similar  provision  is  urgent- 
ly needed  in  Northern  Ontario,  where  there  is 
practically  no  control  of  sdttlers'  clearing  opera- 
tions. 

Another  amendment  to  the  Quebec  Act  pro- 
vides that  the  debris  from  settlers'  clearing  op- 
erations must,  before  burning,  be  piled  in  heaps 
or  rows  at  a  distance  of  at  least  fifty  feet  from 
the  forest.  On  this  basis,  it  is  much  more  prac- 
ticable to  control  the  fire  than  where  the  old 
method  of  broadcast  burning  is  employed. 

Holders  of  timber  licenses  on  Crown  lands  are 
recpiired  to  Clear  away  the  debris  on  a  depth  of 
one  hundred  feet  from  railway  rights  of  way. 
This  is  an  excellent  i)rovision,  but  should  be 
made  a{)plicable  to  privately  owned  lands  as 
well.  In  many  cases,  the  efforts  of  railway 
companies  in  the  dii-ection  of  fire  protection  are 


POWER    PLANT,   BISHOP    STRACHAN    SCHOOL,   TORONTO,   ONT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


265 


largely  neutralized  through  the  presence  of 
large  quantities  of  the  most  inflammable  debris 
on  lands  innnediately  adjacent  to  railway  rights 
of  way. 

Another  excellent  provision  of  the  new  Que- 
bec Act  is  that  any  fire  ranger  or  other  forest 
officer  may  summon  any  male  citizen  between 
18  and  55  years  of  age  to  assist  in  extinguishing 
any  forest  fire,  the  rate  of  pay  being  specified, 
and  penalty  being  provided  for  failure  to  obey 
the  summons. 

The  fire  laws  of  the  Province  of  Quebec  are 

among  the  most  progressive  in   Canada,  but 

larger  appropriations  are  needed  to  make  them 

fully  effective.     In  i)articular,  provision  should 

be  made  for  a  larger  staff  of  inspectors.     The 

present  staff  is  not  sufficient  to  exercise  proper 

supervision  over  the  fire  rangers  on  licensed 

lands,  nor  is  there  adecjuate  [)rovision  for  the 

protection  of  Crown  lands  not  under  license. 
«  ♦  » 

NEW  BRUNSWICK  FORESTS 

Three  field  parties  are  now  at  work  in  New 
Brunswick,  in  connection  witli  the  forest  survey 
and  classification  of  Crown  lands.  The  project 
is  under  the  supervision  of  P.  Z.  Caverhill,  Pro- 
vincial Forester,  subject  to  the  general  direction 
of  the  Minister  of  Lands  and  Forests.  The  size 
and  importance  of  the  undertaking  is  indicated 
by  the  fact  that  the  Crowii  lands  in  this  province 
comprise  10,000  square  miles  and  return  "a  direct 
revenue  to  the  provincial  treasury  averaging 
more  than  $500,000  annually  from  timber  alone, 
in  addition  to  large  revenues  from  the  sale  of 
hunting  and  fishing  privileges. 


PHINCIPAl.'»   ROOM,    BISHOP    STRACHAN    SCHOOL,   TORONTO,  ONT. 


DINING    HALL,    DISHOP    STRACHAN    SCHOOL,  TORONTO.   ONT. 

The  best  agricultural  lands  are  naturally 
along  the  valleys,  where  settlement  has,  for  the 
most  part,  been  concentrated.  In  some  cases, 
however,  settlement  has  extended  to  the  uplands. 
Some  of  these  lands  are  well  suited  for  agricul- 
ture, but,  in  other  cases,  the  settlers  have  appar- 
ently been  attracted  primarily  by  the  timber  or 
by  the  desire  merely  to  locate  a  home  and  have 
settled  on  lands  wholly  unfit  for  permanent  agri- 
cultural use. 

There  is  considerable  pressure  upon  the  Pro- 
vincial Government  for  the  opening  up  of  new 
lands,  to  provide  for  immigration  and  for  the 
surplus  native  population.  An  important  fea- 
ture of  the  Act  of  1913  was  the  provision  for  a 
classification  of  soils  with  the  object  of  direct- 
ing settlement  to  lands  really  suitable  for  farm- 
ing purposes.  This  wise 
provision  is  now  being 
carried  out,  and  the  result 
will  no  doubt  be  to  reduce 
to  a  minimum  settlement 
upon  non-agricultural 
lands.  The  evil  effects  of 
such  settlement  may  be 
seen  in  every  province  of 
Canada,  and  are  due  to  the 
previous  afbsence  of  a  de- 
pl  ^   «  finite  policy  for  the  direct- 

1-Ci.OMMB  ing  of  settlement  to  lands 

really  fit  for  that  purpose. 
The  Province  of  New 
Brunswick  has  undertaken 
to  avoid  the  recurrence  of 
such  tragedies  as  were  dis- 
covered by  the  Commis- 
sion of  Conservation  to 
have  been  enacted  in  cer- 
tain portions  of  the  Trent 
watershed,  Ontario,  where 
settlers  were  allowed  to 
locate  on  poor,  sandy  soils, 


266 


CONSTRUCTION 


tlion  eliiofly  valualilo  only  for  tlieir  timber. 
With  tlie  rtMiioval  of  the  timber  ami  the  exodus 
of  the  lumberiiiii:  industry,  tliese  settlers  have 
been  left  stranded,  with  no  opportunity  to  make 
a  comfortable  livinsr,  and  faced  with  the  neces- 
sity of  constantlv  lowerinii  their  standards. 


There  are  73  buildings,  large  and  small,  used 
for  exhibit  purposes  at  the  Canadian  National. 


This  is  the  thirty-eighth  year  of  the  Canadian 
Xational  Exhibition.  It  came  into  existence  in 
1879,  and  has  been  run  continuously  ever  since. 


De  La  Salle  Training  School 

Built  For  The  Brothers  of  The  Christian  Schools  at  Oak  Ridges 


THE  De  La  Salle  Training  College,  recently 
completed  at  Oak  Ridges,  Ontario,  is  located 
on  property  of  one  hundred  and  fifteen  acres 
fronting  on  Yonge  street,  at  the  highest  point 
between  Lake  Ontario  and  Lake  Simcoe,  com- 
manding a  view  of  all  the  surrounding  country, 
and  well  chosen  for  the  welfare  of  the  students. 

The  building  i:)rovides  for  a  residence  for  the 
students  and  teachers,  as  well  as  the  scholas- 
ticate  departments.  The  training  is  in  con- 
formity with  the  Department  of  Education  of 
Ontario,  equipping  the  students  to  take  teach- 
er's certificates,  and  also  to  enter  the  School  of 
Pedagogy  and  Toronto  UniversitV-.  At  present 
there  are  about  sixty  students  in  attendance, 
with  a  staff  of  twenty  teachers. 

The    build-  '  __._.____ 

ing  presents 
the  appear- 
ance of  a  red 
brick  struc- 
ture with 
stone  t  r  i  m- 
mings,  but  in 
reality  it  is  a 
r  e  i  n  f  orced 
concrete  skel- 
eton building, 
with  the  ex- 
terior walls 
built  of  inter- 
locking tile 
and  faced 
only  with 
brick,  giving 
a  practical- 
1  y  fireproof 
building  o  f 
four  storeys 
in  height,  with  a  separate  power  building  located 
at  some  distance  to  the  north  of  the  main  struc- 
ture. 

A  feature  of  the  construction  of  this  building 
is  that  the  basement  has  been  dispensed  with;  a 
large  tunnel  being  the  only  space  beneath  the 
ground  floor,  which  is  used  exclusively  for  the 
pipe  systems  of  heating,  water  and  electricity, 
where  they  are  readily  accessible  for  repairs  or 
alterations.  Another  feature  is  that  the  floors 
throughout  have  linoleum  laid  directly  on  the 
concrete,  which  provides  a  noiseless  and  sani- 
tary surface  and  eliminates  all  wood. 

The  ground  floor, accommodates  the  entries, 
staircases,  refectories,  kitchen  department  and 
gymnasium. 


The  second  floor  accommodates  the  chapel, 
classrooms,  laboratory  and  lavajtories. 

The  third  floor  accommodates  additional 
classrooms,  with  bedroom  accommodation  for 
the  teaching  staff,  while  the  top  floor  contains 
large  dormitories  for  the  students  with  very 
ample  lavatory  accommodation. 

A  building  has  been  erected  a  short  distance 
north  of  the  main  building  to  take  care  of  the 
heating  and  power  of  the  institution.  It  is  a 
two-storey  building  of  brick  and  concrete.  The 
upper  floor  contains  the  manual  training  depart- 
ment, a  well  equipped  laundry  and  a  room  for 
storage. 

The  power  plant  proper  consists?  of  two  sixty- 
inch  by  sixteen-foot  tubnlar  boilers,  which  are 


DE  LA  SALLE  TRAINING  COLLEGE,  OAK   RIDGES,  ONT. 


11YXES,    FELDMAN    &    WATSON,   ARCHITECTS- 


fitted   with   automatic  fuel   feed   and   inclined 
grates. 

The  water  service  system  installed  is  of  more 
than  passing  interest.  A  pond  on  the  property 
provides  the  water  required.  This  pond  is  of 
the  same  nature  as  Bond  Lake  and  Wilcox  Lake, 
which  are  in  the  near  vicinity.  A  crib  has  been 
sunk  in  the  pond,  running  from  which  is  a  ten- 
inch  pipe,  enabling  the  water  to  be  delivered  by 
gravity  to  a  concrete  well  four  feet  by  four  feet 
by  twent}^  feet  deep,  which  serves  as  a  reservoir. 
An  electrically  driven  puimp  placed  fifty  feet  up 
the  bank  forces  the  water  a  distance  of  six  hun- 
dred feet  to  the  building,  then  through  the  tun- 
nel to  the  power  house  and  direct  to  a  filter, 
which,  with  motor  and  pump,  is  shown  in  illus- 


267 


268 


CONSTRUCTION 


OHAI'Kl.,    DK    LA    SAU.E   TRAINING   COLLEGE,   OAK    RIDGES,   ONT. 

tration.  This  filter  is  arranged  to  discharge  to 
either  of  two  concrete  reservoirs,  each  twenty- 
two  feet  hy  eighteen  feet,  and  holding  a  depth  of 
water  eight  feet.  These  reservoirs  are  located 
luidei'iieath  the  filter,  or  machine  room,  of  the 
power  house  and  imderneath  the  coal  bunkers. 
Another  |)unip  similar  to  the  one  in  the  field  (the 
one  shown  in  illustration)  pumps  the  water  from 
those  reservoirs  into  two  five  thousand  gallon 


HYNES,    FELDMAN    &    WATSON,   ARCHITECTS. 

rivetted  metal  ])ressure  tanks,  which  are  buried 
outside  the  power  house.  This  electrically 
driven  pumj)  is  controlled  by  an  automatic 
switch,  regulated  by  the  i)ressure  in  the  tanks. 
When  the  water  is  pum])ed  into  tliese  tanks  an 
air  pressure  is  obtained.  When  this  pressure 
falls  below  thirty  i)oun(ls  to  the  s<iuare  inch  tlie 
switch  automatically  starts  the  motor.  Auxiliary 
to  this  for  pressure  puri^oses  is  an  air  com- 


'LASS    lidCM.    IE    LA 


ALLE   TRAIM;- 


-U.EGE,  OAK    RIDGES,  ONT. 


HYNES,    FELDMAN    &    WATSON,   ARCHITECTS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


269 


pressor  to  maintain  an  air  pressure  in  the  tanks, 
which  operates  between  thirty  and  sixty-five 
pounds,  at  whnch  latter  point  the  power  is  auto- 
matically shut  off.  This  system  is  found  to  main- 
tain a  good  water  ])ressure  throus>:hout  the  build- 
ing. The  air  compressor  serves  another  pur- 
pose, that  of  raising  the  returned  condensation 
water  from  the  steam  trap  to  ithe  boilers.  The 
reservoirs  are  fitted  with  perforated  brass  pipes 
to  permit  of  chlorination  or  other  treatment  of 
the  water  should  it  be  necessary. 

Power  for  operating  the  motors  and  for  light- 
ing is  obtained  from  the  line  of  the  radial  rail- 
way which  passes  the  property.  It  is  received 
in  transformers  on  the  roof  of  tlie  i)ower  house, 
which  deliver  at  two  hundred  and  twenty  volts 
for  lighting  and  five  hundred  and  fifty  volts  for 
power.  Motors  are  installed  to  operate  the 
pump,  which  sui)plies  the  filter,  the  pump  in  the 
machine  room,  the  air  compressor,  manual  train- 
ing room,  the  laundry  and  the  ice  plant,  which 
are  located  near  the  kitchen. 

Sewerage  disposal  is  taken  care  of  by  means 
of  septic  tanks,  installed  in  accordance  with  the 
regulations  of  the  Department  of  Health  of  On- 
tario. 

The  problems  arising  in  connection  with  the 
building  and  etjuijiping  of  this  school  and  power 
plant  have  been  well  taken  care  of  by  the  archi- 
tects, Hynes,  Feldman  &  Watson,  who  designed 


MAIN    CORRIDOR,    DE    LA    SALLE    TRAIN'INO    COLLEGE,    OAK    RIDGES,    ONT. 

the  buildings  and  suj)erintended  their  erection 
and  the  installation  of  their  equipment. 


l;LI.NKOIi(  ED    CONCRETE    COLCM.V.S    IN    DORMITORY,    DE    LA    SALLE 
TRAINING   COLLEGE,   OAK    RIDGES,  ONT. 


FILTER    AND    PUMPING    EQl'IPMENT    IN    POWER    HOUSE.    DE    LA    SALLE, 
TRAINING  COLLEGE,   OAK    RIDGES,   ONT. 


270 


CONSTRUCTION 


CEWSIRJCnCW 

A-  JOURNAL-  FOR  THE    ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERJNC  •  AND  •  CONTRACTING 

INTERESTS  •  OF    CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER.  LIMITED.  PUBLISHERS 

WESTON  WRIGLEY.  GENERAL  MANAGER 
Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard  Streets 
Toronto         -  -  vjanada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 

MONTREAL— 171  St.  Jamas  Street 

K.   R.   Milling,   Representative. 

WINNIPEG— 336  Qu'Appelle  Street 

Telephone  Gany  3226. 
F.    C.    Plckwell,   Representative. 

NEW   YORK— 156  Fifth  Avenue 

A.     R.    LiOvte,    Representative 


CORRESPONDENCE.— All  correspondence  should  1)6  addressed 
to  "CO.N'STRUCTION."  Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard 
Streets,  Toronto,  Canada. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS.— Canada  and  Great  Britain.  $3.00  per  annum. 
United  States,  the  Continent  and  all  Postal  Union  countries, 
$4.00  per  annum.  In  advance.     Single  copies.  35c. 

ADVERTISEMENTS.— Changes  of.  or  new  advertisements  must 
reach  the  Head  Office  not  later  than  the  twentieth  of  the 
month  preceding  publication,  to  ensure  Insertion.  Mailing 
date  Is  on  the  tenth  of  each  month.  Advertising  rates  on 
application. 

CONTRIBUTIONS. — The  Editor  will  be  glad  to  consider  con- 
triliutiona  dealing  with  matters  of  general  interest  to  the 
readers  of  this  .Tournivl.  When  payment  is  desired,  this  fact 
should  be  stated.  We  are  always  glad  to'  receive  the  loan 
of  photographs  and  plans  of  interesting  Canadian  worli.  The 
originals  will  be  carefuly  preserved  and  duy  returned. 

Entered  as  Second  Class  Matter  In  the  Post  Office  at  Toronto, 
Canada. 


PHASER  S.  KEITH     -      .      -     EDITOR  ANT>  MANAGER 


Vol.  IX       Toronto,  August,  1916      No.  8 


Architectural  Affairs 

Pertinent  to  the  present  existence  and  to  the 
future  development  of  the  architectural  profes- 
.sion  are  a  number  of  imi)ortant  matters  concern- 
ing- wliicii  a  free  discussion,  hoth  by  the  in- 
dividual and  by  the  association,  witli  a  view  to 
future  action,  is  advisable.  On  the  opi)osite  ))ag-e 
of  this  issue  we  are  i)leased  to  publish  a  timely 
discussion  of  the  situation  by  Mr.  John  M.  Lyle, 
of  Toronto.  Lack  of  s]>ace  prevented  its  bein,s2; 
set  ill  larger  type,  which  its  importance  warrant- 
ed. An  open  discussion  in  these  pages  will,  we 
believe,  do  much  to  further  the  interests  of  the 
architectural  ])rofession,  and  we  trust  that 
architects  throughout  Canada  will  not  hesitate 
to  use  these  columns  to  give  expression  to  their 
views  on  architectui-al  <)uestions. 


Development  in  School  Construction 

Amongst  the  splendid  educational  institutions 
illustrated  in  the  current  issue  of  Construction 
the  Ryorson  Scliodl,  at  London,  Ontario,  is 
worthy  of  particular  notice.  It  illustrates  a  type 
new  to  Canadian  architecture,  and  contains  sev- 
eral features  which  will  commend  tiiemselves  to 
municipalities  where  the  price  of  land  is  not  a 
controlling  factor.  The  block  plan  shows  the 
well-designed  arrangement  of  the  various  rooms 
and  de|)artment8,  complete  in  one  storey.  A 
novel  feature  is  the  saw-toothed  roof,  providing 
additional  lighting,  and  making  possible  the 
effected  arrangement,  the  inner  rooms  having 
ample  light.  It  is  hoped  that  the  architects  will 
be  enabled  to  keep  in  close  enough  touch  with 
this  school  so  that  they  may  later  ])rovi(h'  figures 
regarding  the  cost  of  maintenance,  particularly 
the  heating  i)lant,  for  comparison  witli  the  usual 
type  of  school  construction. 


Getting  a  Square  Deal 

Obviously  the  architects,  engineers  and  build- 
ers, and  incidentally  the  manufacturers,  of  Can- 
ada are  being  sub.iected  to  what  amounts  to  a 
gross  injustice.  Tlie  laws  of  this  country  im- 
pose upon  our  Canadian  arcliitects,  engineers 
and  builders  unrestricted  competition  with  the 
more  strongly,  financially  entrenched  firms  in 
the  United  States,  while  they  are  absolutely 
barred  from  doing  business  in  that  country. 
How  this  reacts  against  the  general  welfare  of 
the  Dominion  was  shown  in  figures  tjuoted  in 
our  last  issue,  which  proved  that  the  American 
architect  favors  American  contractors  and  Am- 
erican made  goods.  The  situation  is  manifestly 
too  one-sided. 

In  this  connection  Mr.  R.  K.  Shepard,  cliair- 
nmn  of  the  Toronto  Chapter  O.A.A.,  wrote  a 
letter  to  the  Montreal  office  of  the  U.  S.  Depart- 
ment of  Labor,  asking  for  information  as  to  the 
laws  of  the  United  States  which  ai)i)lied  to  Cana- 
dian architects  desiring  to  i)ractice  in  the  United 
States.    Herewith  is  the  reply  received: 

Sir.  R.  K.  Shepard. 

36  Toronto  Street.  Toronto,  Ont. 
Sir, — Replying  to  your  communication  of  the  4th  inst.,  I  beg 
to    quote    the    following    from    our    laws    as   applied    to   contract 
laborers: 

"Persons  hereinafter  called  contract  laborers  who 
have  been  induced  or  solicited  to  migrate  to  this 
country  by  offers  or  promises  of  employment,  or  In 
consequence  of  agreements,  oral,  written  or  printed, 
expressed  or  implied,  to  perform  labor  in  this  country 
of  any  kind,  skilled  or  unskilled." 
The  word  "persons"  covers  aliens  or  any  one  not  a  citizen  of 
the   United   States. 

There  is  nothing  In  our  laws  which  prevents  a  business  con- 
cern, not  a  resident  of  the  United  States,  submitting  bids  or 
specifications,  but  in  order  to  enable  a  foreign  concern  to  send 
into  the  United  States  workmen  who  are  not  American  citizens, 
it  becomes  necessar.v  to  show  that  skilled  labor  of  like  kind, 
unemployed,  cannot  be  found  in  the  United  States. 

Aliens   who  are  architects,   builders  or  engineers  fall  within 
the  provisions  of  our  law  quoted  above. 
Respectfully, 

JOHN  H.    CLARK.    Commissioner. 

Besides  this  a  number  of  the  States  of  the 
Union  have  class  legislation  in  favor  of  archi- 
tects and  engineers.     Leaving  the  question  of 


CONSTRUCTION 


271 


provincial  laws  aside,  it  seems  clear  that  the 
Alien  Labor  Law  of  Canada  might  easily  be  ex- 
tended to  cover  the  same  ground  as  that  of  the 


United  States.  It  is  only  right  that  such  should 
be  the  case.  It  is  likewise  apparent  that  it  would 
be  good  business. 


Status  of  The  Canadian  Architect 

A  Discussion  of  The  Problems  Confronting  The  Architectural  Profession,  With 
Suggestions  as  to  How  Conditions  May  Be  Improved 

By  John  M.  Lyle. 


The  time  seems  opportune  for  a  frank  discussion  among  the 
members  of  oui-  profession  as  to  conditions  under  which  we  are 
working  in  Canada,  in  order  that  after  the  war  is  over,  when 
times  become  normal  again,  some  radical  changes  may  be  made 
and  some  concerted  action  taken  to-  right  the  many  growing 
abuses. 

If  we  contrast  the  standing  of  the  Canadian  architect  with  his 
,\merican,  English  of  Continental  confreres,  both  as  regards  his 
remimeration  and  as  regai'ds  his  position  in  the  community,  we 
would   find   that  he  is  decidely  the  worst  off. 

For  the  purposes  of  discussion  let  us  divide  the  subject  into 
the  following  headings; 

First — The  relations  between  the  client  and  the  architect. 

Second — The  relations  between  the  contractor  and  the  archi- 
tect. 

Third — The  relations  between  the  engineer  and  the  architect. 

Fourth — The  schedule  of  charges  for  professional  services. 

Fifth — The   enactment   of  legislation. 

Sixth — The  employment  of  foreign  architects. 

The  Relations  Between  the  Client  and  the  Architect. 

The  Canadian  client  pays  less  for  his  professional  services 
than  almost  any  other  client.  He  demands  more  from  his  archi- 
tect, and  the  law  protects  him  and  holds  the  arcTiltect  responsible 
to  a  greater  degree  than  in  many  countries,  with  the  exception, 
possibly,  of  England.  We  have  lately  had  in  Canada  several 
cases  where  the  architect  has  been  held  directly  liable  for  faulty 
work  executed  by  contractors. 

If  the  present  tendency  now  abroad  in  the  land  of  having 
practically  all  the  municipal,  governmental  and  large  corporation 
work  executed  under  the  care  of  governmental  or  corporation 
architects  continues,  we  shall  find  the  client  of  to-day  as  rare 
almost  as  the  dodo  bird.  For,  in  addition  to  the  above  growing 
tendency,  we  have  building  and  engineering  firms  undertaking 
architectural  service,  and  speculative  builders  galore.  The 
natural  query  is:  What  are  the  remedies  to  offset  these  condi- 
tions? 

I  would  suggest  the  following: 

First — That  it  should  be  obligatory  for  the  client  to  employ 
and  pay  for  a  quantity  surveyor. 

Second — That  on  all  jobs  of  twenty  thousand  dollars  and 
cost  a  clerk  of  the  works  should  be  obligatory,  whose  salary 
should    be    paid    by    the    client. 

Third — United  efforts  should  be  made  to  persuade  the  govern- 
ments,  etc.,   to  give  out  more  work  to  the   profession. 

The  Relations  Between  the  Contractor  ind  the    irchiicct. 

The  relations  between  the  contractor  and  the  architect,  espe- 
cially under  the  separate  contract  basis,  is  most  unsatisfactory. 
The  vast  majority  of  the  contractors  do  not  maintain  a  business 
organization  such  as  pertains  under  the  general  contracting  sys- 
tem. The  work  of  co-ordinating  the  diflferent  trades,  and"  of 
carrying  the  work  to  a  successful  completion,  largely  devolves 
on  the  architect,  thereby  placing  an  extra  burden  and  expense  on 
his  shoulders.  This,  of  course,  is  not  true  of  the  whole  of  Can- 
ada, as  in  Montreal  the  practice  of  general  contracting  is  almost 
universal. 

It  would  be  a  distinct  gain  to  the  architect,  and  to  his  client. 
to  have  the  practice  of  general  contracting  made  universal  in 
Canada,  at  least  for  all  buildings  of  a  cost  of  over  ten  thousand 
dollars. 

The  Relations  Between  the  Engineer  and  the  Architect. 

.\t  present  there  does  not  seem  to  be  any  satisfactory  or 
definite  ruling  as  to  the  relations  between  the  engineer  and  archi- 
tect for  .special  service  work,  particularly  as  regards  the  com- 
mission to  be  charged  the  client  by  the  architect  and  engineer 
for  their  joint  services. 

For  any  work  of  importance.  Involving  engineering  services, 
an  architect  must  either  employ  a  structural  or  sei-vice  engineer 
In  his  own  office,  or  he  must  employ  outside  consulting  engineers 
to  collaborate  with  him  in  connection  with  the  special  services 
and  structural  work.  It  is  manifestly  unfair  that  the  architect 
should  receive  no  commission  on  the  engineer's  work,  as  there 
Is  bound  to  be  a  great  deal  of  time  put  in  bv  the  architect  in 
consultation  with  the  engineer  and  in  the  revising,  both  of  the 
engineer's  and  architect's  drawings  to  conform  one  with  the 
other.  In  the  case  of  expert  service,  it  is  the  American  custom 
that  a  certain  percentage  should  be  paid,  over  and  above  the 
regufar  commission,  to  take  care  of  expert  engineering  service 
It  is  sometimes  a  difficult  matter  to  get  the  client  to  see  the 
value  of  these  services.  It  is,  therefore.  Important  from  the 
architect's  viewpoint  that  his  work,  in  collaborating  with  the 
engineer,  should  be  protected.  There  should  he  a  conference 
ftetween  the  engineers  and  architects  to  arrive  at  a  satisfactory 
solution  of  this  difficulty. 

The  .Schedule  of  Charges  for  Professional  Services. 

Every  architect  knows  that  residential  work,  which  is  really 
the  hulk  of  the  work  carried  on  by  architects  in  Ontario  is  not 
remunerative,  provided  always  that  the  architect  gives  full 
modern  professional  services  for  his  fee.  We  have  always  had 
to  contend  with  the  theory  advanced  by  the  architects  In  smaller 
towns  that  it  is  difficult  for  them  to  get  their  clients  to  pay  more 


than  the  old  five  per  cent.  Would  it  not  be  very  much  better  to 
establish  a  proper  standard,  and  have  our  confreres  work  up  to 
that  standard,  rather  than  work  down  to  a  low  standard. 

We  are  all  aware  that  a  contractor,  in  figuring  on  a  job,  would 
estimate  on  the  average  Job  to  have  a  profit  varying  anywhere 
between  ten  and  thirty  per  cent.,  and  it  is  no  uncommon  thing 
to  have  work  carried  out  under  the  percentage  basis  of  ten  and 
fifteen  per  cent.,  this  percentage  to  be  a  percentage  over  and 
above  all  ovenhead  charges  of  evry  dscription.  Why,  then,  should 
the  architect  be  grudged  a  greater  commission  than  five  per 
cent.,  which  is  to  include  all  overhead  and  working  expenses  of 
every  description,  and  not  a  murmur  be  made  by  the  client  as  to 
the  contractor's  charges. 

The  minimum  charge  of  the  New  York  Chapter  of  the  Am- 
erican Institute  of  .\rchitects  for  general  work  is  six  per  cent., 
and  for  residential  work,  within  the  city  of  New  York,  eight  per 
cent,  on  the  first  fifty  thousand  of  cost,  and  six  per  cent,  on  the 
balance  of  cost.  For  private  dwellings  outside  the  city  of  New 
York,  including  stables  and  other  appendages,  ten  per  cent,  on 
the  first  fifty  thousand  of  cost,  and  eight  per  cent,  on  the  balance 
of  cost.  For  all  monumental,  decorative,  special  interior  and 
cabinet  work  or  alteration  work  the  charge  is  ten  per  cent.  It  is 
a  well  known  fact  that  the  majority  of  the  leading  firms  charge 
considerably  in  excess  of  these  commissions.  There  is  also  an 
established  practice  in  New  York  that  all  work,  no  matter  of 
what  character,  under  twenty  thousand  dollars,  is  charged  for 
on  the  minimum  basis  of  ten  per  cent.  T  would  suggest  that 
the  professional  charge  for  all  residential  work  be  ten  per  cent., 
and  that  the  minimum  for  other  work  should  be  six  per  cent., 
instead  of,  as  at  present,  seven  and  five  per  cent,  respectively. 

If  the  architects  of  Canada  are  to  build  up  strong  office  or- 
ganizations to  meet  foreign  competition  it  is  absolutely  necessary 
that  a  change  be  made  in  the  schedule  of  professional  charges. 
It  is  a  notorious  fact,  emphasized  by  this  war,  that  the  vast 
majority  of  the  Canadian  architects,  even  those  with  the  most 
important  work  under  their  supervision,  are  not  in  a  strong 
financial  position  to  meet  the  strain  of  hard  times.  When  you 
consider  the  vast  sums  of  money  that  a  entrusted  to  the  archi- 
tect's care,  and  the  responsibilities  which  he  assumes  in  the 
conduct  of  large  Jobs,  it  will  be  readily  seen  that  his  remunera- 
tion  for  the   services  rendered  are  out  of  all   proportion. 

The  Enactment  of  Legislation. 

The  writer  has  always  felt  that  the  proper  way  to  raise  the 
standard  of  our  profession  is  throug<h  the  medium  of  education, 
rather  than  legislation.  After  some  years  of  Canadian  experi- 
ence I  am  inclined  to  think  that,  while  the  first  argument  is 
entirely  sound,  there  are  at  present  certain  conditions  in  Canada 
which  make  it  necessary  to  have  more  drastic  legislation  enact- 
ed as  regards  the  practice  of  architecture  in  Canada.  Steps 
should  be  taken  by  the  members  of  our  profession  to  enact 
legislation  governing  the  employment  of  quantit.v  surveyors,  a 
clerk  of  the  works,  and  the  registration  of  architects. 

The  Employment  of  Foreign   Architects. 

Every  genuine  artist  feels  that  art  should  be  international, 
but,  at  the  same  time,  every  patriotic  Canadian  should  exert  all 
possible  effort  to  develop  a  national  Canadian  architecture.  This 
can  not  be  done  if  the  custom  of  employing  foreign  architects 
increases  in  the  same  ratio  as  it  has  during  the  past  ten  years. 

There  would  certainly  be  no  quarrel  if  an  occasional  American 
architect  came  over  to  Canada  to  erect  a  building,  but  when  we 
look  around  to-day,  when  Jobs  are  pretty  scarce,  and  see  Ameri- 
can architects  building  hotels  and  factories  in  Hamilton — Am- 
erican architects  building  theatres,  office  buildings,  factories, 
warehouses  and  hotels  in  Toronto,  and  American  contractors 
putting  them  up.  we  are  bound  to  feel  that  the  time  has  come 
for  a  more  outspoken  stand  on  the  part  of  our  profession  as  re- 
gards this  American  invasion.  If  the  general  public  realized  that 
the  American  architect,  being  naturally  familiar  with  .Vmerican 
materials,  specified  American  goods  to  the  detriment  of  Cana- 
dian goods,  to  the  value  of  hundreds  of  millions  of  dollars  during 
the    past    twenty-five   j'ears,    a    great   outcry    might   arise. 

Canadian  architects  can  not  be  expected  to  build  up  strong 
office  organizations  if  the  cream  of  the  work  (roes  to  outsiders, 
and  we  have  to  meet,  in  addition,  the  competition  of  municipal 
and   governmental  architects  and  contracting  engineers. 

What  chance  would  there  be  in  England  of  developing  a 
national  English  architecture  if  a  great  many  of  the  important 
buildings  were  designed  by  German  or  Swedish  architects,  or, 
again,  what  chance  would  French  architecture  have  if  a  large 
number  of  their  buildings  were  designed  by  Dutch  or  Spanish 
architects? 

In  conclusion,  I  am  firmly  of  the  opinion  that  there  should  be 
more  and  continual  inspection  on  buildings  of  a  moderate  cost, 
and  that  the  cost  of  this  inspection  should  not  be  borne  by  the 
architect,  but  by  the  client.  That  the  architect  should  receive 
more  for  his  services,  thereby  enabling  him  to  build  up  better 
office  organizations  to  carry  over  his  staff  during  bad  times,  and 
to  enable  him  to  give  better  service  to  his  client,  and,  therefore, 
better  buildings  for  the  community  in  general.  He  should  en- 
deavor to  persuade  the  different  governments,  municipalities  and 
corporations  to  give  out  their  work  among  tne  profession  He 
snould  aim,  where  possible,  to  encourage  the  use  of  Canadian 
materials  and  the  employment  of  Canadian  contractors. 


CONSTRUCTION 


The  Heating  and  Ventilation  of  Schoolhouses 


The  subject  of  heating  and  ventilating  the  sohoolhouse  has 
undoubtedly  been  given  as  much  attention  and  thought  as  any 
other  one  particular  type  of  building,  and  it  is  quite  possible  that 
owing  to  the  constant  recurrence  of  this  problem  in  all  portions 
of  the  country,  it  might  bo  said  that  it  has  been  met  by  a 
greater  variety  of  solutions  than  can  he  found  in  any  other  form 
of  building.  Yet,  with  all  of  the  thought,  time,  and  money 
which  has  been  put  into  this  problem,  it  is  a  peculiar  fact  that  it 
is  not  yet  possible  to  assert  that  the  perfect  ventilating  system 
has  been  devised. 

In  the  first  place — what  is  a  perfect  ventilating  system?  We 
cannot  by  any  possibility  maintain  air  inside  of  a  building 
at  the  standard  of  purity  possessed  by  the  air  before  entering, 
owing  to  the  fact  that  impurities  are  constantly  added  to  the 
air  within  an  occupied  room.  The  only  exception  to  this  is  when 
the  outside  air  is  so  bad  that  mechanical  or  physical  methods 
of  cleaning  may  remove  a  quantity  of  undesirable  exterior  ele- 
ments which  might  be  accounted  more  deadly  than  those  which 
the  air  would  pick  up  within  the  room  before  being  expelled 
through  the  vent  openings. 


Fig  1 


It  is  not  within  the  province  of  this  article  to  enter  into  the 
theory  of  ventilation  so  much  in  regard  to  the  scientific  or 
medical  side  as  it  is  to  point  out  to  the  conservative  architect 
the  methods  which  are  giving  the  greatest  satisfaction  to-day 
according  to  the  standards  based  upon  well  recognized  and  gen- 
erally accepted  theories.  Yet,  in  passing  over  this  point  of  the 
discussion,  it  is  hard  to  omit  the  mention  of  an  actual  test 
ill  et  regular  schoolroom  operating  under  normal  conditions.  It 
was  demonstrated  that  it  is  possible  to  re-use  the  air  of  the 
fully  occupied  room  for  continuous  periods  of  three  hours  with 
the  usual  recess  interval  and  without  the  use  of  at^y  of  the 
outside  ^ir  whatsoever,  except  that  which  leaked  in  through 
crevic^j  and  occasionally  opened  doors,  it  being  impossible,  of 
course,  to  keep  the  class  rooms  absolutely  air  tight.     U   is  also 


"ig.  3 


interesting  to  note  that  this  test  was  carriul  on  for  five  hours 
a  day  for  three  weeks  without  perceptible  effect  on  the  school 
children,  who  were  carefully  observed  by  experts  making 
psychological  and  physiological  tests;  these  tests  were  com- 
pared with  a  corresponding  cla.ss  in  another  room  which  was 
ventilated  according  to  the  best  standard  methods  and  practices 
of  to-day,   with  no  apparent  difference  between   the  two. 

In  spite  of  this  experiment,  however,  there  are  few  who  are 
yet  ready  to  admit  that  fresh  air  is  not  required  or  that  the 
condition  of  the  air  in  a  room  can  artificially  be  made  as  desir- 
able for  human  being  without  a  fresh  air  supply  as  with  it. 
Until  experiments  demonstrating  this  fact  have  been  made  in 
multiple,  with  results  of  an  invariably  successful  nature,  the  en- 
gineer and  architect  are  not  justified  in  departing  from  the  old 
standards  of  the  required  amount  of  fresh  air  per  pupil  per 
minute. 

It  is  a  question  if  the  average  architect  in  designing  a  school- 
house  takes  into  proper  consideration  on  his  preliminary  sketches 
the  requirements  of  the  ventilation  system.  While  the  modern 
trend  is  towards  the  elimination  of  this  trouble,   there  are  still 

many  architects  who  cause 
themselves  much  needless  work 
and  later  revising  of  plans  by 
not  making  proper  allowances  in 
the  preliminary  drawings  for  the 
necessary  ducts  and  flues. 

In  schoolhouse  ventilation 
work  there  are  three  systems  of 
piping  which  are  in  common 
use.  These  may  be  termed  the 
trunk  line,  or  single  duct  sys- 
tem, the  double  duct  system, 
and  the  individual  duct  system. 
The  trunk  line  system  is  the 
one  which  is  most  familiar,  a 
large  percentage  of  the  air  blast 
duct  work  being  laid  out  by 
this  method.  The  double  duct 
system,  which  consists  of  a 
warm  air  duct  supplying  two- 
thirds  of  hot  air  and  the  cold- 
air  duct  supplying  one-third  of 
cold  air  to  the  base  of  the  flues, 
the  air  becoming  mixed  in  the 
flues  and  entering  the  room 
at  a  desired  tempered  degree,  is 
also    fairly    well    known. 

The  individual  duct  system, 
however,  has  advantages  over 
the  other  two.  This  system 
gives  every  room  its  own  duct 
and  flue  continuously  from  the 
fan  to  the  room  outlet  and 
regulates  the  temperature  of  the 
air  to  suit  the  requirements  of 
each  individual  room.  It  has 
been  found  by  experience  that 
rooms  situated  on  the  north  and 
south  sides,  or  on  the  windward 
and  leeward  sides,  of  a  building 
will  not  require  air  at  the  same  temperature,  the  difference  being 
several  degrees.  The  main  objection  to  the  common  trunk  line 
system  ordinarily  used  is  that  this  variation  of  requirement  can- 
not be  satisfied. 

Another  advantage  possessed  by  the  individual  ducts  is  the 
matter  of  head  room  in  the  basement.  The  argument  is  often 
advanced,  however,  that  the  double  ducts,  with  the  air  mixing  in 
the  vertical  flue,  give  the  same  temperature  control  as  the  in- 
dividual duct  in  which  the  air  mixes  back  at  the  heater,  and  at 
the  same  time  they  permit  the  use  of  the  trunk  line  system. 
This  is  true,  but  between  the  heater  and  the  base  of  the  flue 
not  only  must  two  ducts  be  carried,  hut  they  must  have  a 
cross-sectional  area  of  approximatel.v  50  per  cent,  more  than 
actually  required.     This  is  clearly  understood   when    it   is  noted 

that  on  a  very  cold  dav  the 
cold  air  duet  may  be  almost 
entirely  shut  off  at  the  base 
of  each  flue,  thus  requiring 
all  the  ventilation  for  the 
building  to  come  through  the 
hot  air  duct,  while  on  a 
warmer  day  the  warm  air 
duct  may  be  50  per  cent, 
closed  and  the  cold  air  duct 
utilized  to  its  full  capacity. 
Therefore  where  these  ducts 
are  extended  along  the  base- 
ment ceiling,  as  is  usually 
the  case  (or  any  place  where 
head  room  is  an  object),  the 
individual  duct  will  make  an 
appreciable  saving  in  the 
height. 

The  first  form  of  heating 
which  was  applied  to  school- 
houses  was  that  of  the  fire- 
place and  the  stove.  Later, 
however,  as  advancement  in 
the  art  of  heating  became 
more  pronounced  and  ven- 
tilation was  required,  fur- 
naces were  substituted  and 
are  still  in  use  at  the  present 
time  in  some  of  the  older 
schools,  although  generally 
with  more  or  less  dissatis- 
faction. 

In  order  to  show  the  pro- 
gress of  modern  heating  and 
ventilation,  let  us  first  take 
Figs.  1,  2,  3  and  4.  which 
show  the  third,  second,  first 
and  basement  floor  plans  re- 
spectively of  one  of  the  older 
schools  of  moderate  size  in 
which   furnaces   had   been   in 


Fig.  2 


Fig.  4 


273 


274 


CONSTRUCTION 


uii€'.  TlK'gp  furnacea  rt><iulrcd  maintainlriK  four  Beparate  llres, 
and  at  their  best  were  subject  to  liack  drafts  on  day«  of  high 
wlndH  and  to  other  Kravlty  hot  air  heatInK  troubles  a8  well.  Thl» 
Hchool  wa«  recently  remodeled  as  shown,  so  as  to  eliminate  these 
troubles  and  to  give  a  ventilation  system  fui-nlshed  by  sravlty  at 
times  when  outside  conditions  made  such  operation  feasible,  and 
at  the  same  time  to  avoid  the  troubles  usually  experienced  with 
the  plain  ifravlty  system. 

To  accomplish  this  a  fan  F  was  Installed  which  would  force 
the  air  Into  the  heating  chambers,  across  the  heaters  and  up  the 
flues,  thus  assisting  gravity  enough  to  counteract  adverse  outside 
conditions. 

It  Is  not  Intended  to  hold  up  this  school  to  the  arcliitent  as  an 
Ideal  InBtallatlon,  but  rather  to  employ  It  as  a  means  of  showing 
what  can  be  done  to  Improve  the  existing  unsatisfactory  fur- 
nace systems.  Owing  to  thl«  being  a  remodeled  system,  some  of 
the  flues  were  installe<l  b.v  necessity  In  places  where,  architectur- 
ally speaking,  they  have  no  business  being  located;  but  this 
could,  of  course,  readily  he  overcome  In  a  new  building  properly 
desiirned  to  accommodate  the  ventilating  system. 

The  exhaust  flues 
are  heated  with  verti- 
cal aspirating  pipes, 
assisted  by  radiators 
located  In  the  Hues  at 
trie  th'rd  floor,  as 
shown  In  Fig.   1. 

Some  lime  after 
this  school  was  re- 
modeled another  school 
building  was  erected 
a  short  distance  away 
and  connected  to  the 
old  building  by  means 
of  a  pipe  tunnel.  The 
plans  for  the  new 
building  are  shown  In 
Figs.  5  to  8,  Inclusive, 
wiiich  are  the  attic 
floor,  second  floor,  first 
floor  and  basement 
plans  respectively.  In 
this  later  school,  as 
shown  in  Fig.  8,  an  air 
filter  screen  S  was  In- 
stalled, together  with 
a  fan  F,  which  forces 
the  air  over  the  heat- 
ing coils  H.  The  sys- 
tem is  arranged  so  that 
either  the  gymnasium, 
the  auditorium,  or  the 
class  rooms  may  be 
used  at  different  times, 
all  supplied  from  the 
same  fan  F,  the  flues 
being  opened  and 
closed  as  desired 
through    a    system    of  Fig.  5 

switch   dampers.  ... 

In  the  attic  plan.  Fig.  5.  it  will  be  seen  that  the  exhaust  flues 
are  connected  together  and  carried  through  the  roof,  circulation 
lielng  assisted  liy  the  heaters  H,  which  make  aspirating  flues 
out  of  these  vents.  ... 

Thi.s  arrangement  Is  a  step  In  advance  of  the  arrangement 
in  the  older  buildings,  having  a  more  positive  air  supply  move- 
ment, a  certain  amount  of  temperature  control.  Altered  fresh 
air.  and  a  concentration  of  apparatus. 

Of  course  a  fan  system  on  the  vents  Is  also  most  desirable, 
as  this  produces  an  almost  constant  pull  on  the  rooms,  rendering 
It  possible  to  regulate  the  quantity  of  fresh  air  much  more 
closelv  than  when  aspirating  flues  are  In  use.  It  is  quite  re- 
markatile  the  amount  of  difference  made  in  the  amount  of  in- 
coming air  by  the  assistance  given  through  the  exhaust  outlets. 

Still  furttier  progress  is  indicated  in  Fig.  10,  where  the  In- 
dividual duct  system  is 
used  and  Individual 
temperature  regulation 
thus  secured  for  the 
various  rooms.  For  the 
purpose  of  this  dis- 
cussion the  upper 
floors  of  this  building 
may  be  assumed  to  be 
treated  in  a  manner 
similar  to  the  floor 
plans  already  shown. 
The  small  additional 
plan  of  the  boilers 
shows  the  smoke  con- 
nection and  method  of 
running  the  flue  into 
the  chimney. 

The  liaaement  plan, 
shown  in  Fig.  10.  is  an 
especially  good  typical 
duct,  illustration  show- 
ing as  it  does  the  use 
of  the  individual  ducts 
for  the  class  rooms  lo- 
cated with  var.ving  ex- 
posures, combined  with 
a  large  trunk  line  duct 
supplying  the  auditor- 
ium ai)ove.  ^V  system 
of  switch  dampers  is 
in.stallcd.  throwing 
either  the  class  room 
(i.e..  the  small  in- 
dividual ducts)  or  the 
auditorium  (i.e..  the 
large  trunk  duct)  into 
.service  as  desired. 

The  chief  weakness 
in  this  installation 
consists  of  the  lack  of 
facilities  for  cleaning 
and  purifying  the  air, 
it  being  absolutely  im- 


possible to  Install  either  an  air  washer  or  a  Alter  Bcreen  In 
the  space  allotted  to  the  ventilating  plant.  This  is,  perhaps, 
not  quite  as  serious  a  consideration  in  this  particular  caae  as 
It  might  be  under  other  conditions,  owing  to  the  fact  that  this 
8<-hool  Is  in  a  suburban  location  where  the  air  is  of  unusually 
clear  character. 

The  Ideal  layout  of  a  ventilating  system  to  which  it  is  desired 
to  call  the  reader's  attention  is  shown  in  plan  and  elevation  in 
Fig.  «,  this  being  one  of  two  seta  of  apparatus  of  identical  na- 
ture now  being  installed  In  a  new  high  school  In  process  of  con- 
struction. In  this  particular  school  the  apparatus  shown  la 
purely  a  class  room  proposition,  taking  care  of  all  rooms  on  the 
left  side  of  the  building.  The  other  apparatus  is  situated  across 
the  corridor  and  furnishes  air  for  all  the  class  rooms  on  the 
other  aide  of  the  l)ulldlng.  The  auditorium  and  gymnasium  are 
supplied  by  a  third  apparatus  situated  in  the  rear,  thus  making 
it  pos8il)le  to  operate  all  sections  of  the  entire  school  at  one  and 
the  same  time.  Instead  of  in  parts  alone,  as  was  necessary  In 
the  other  layouts, 

In    Fig.    9   the   air  enters    through    the   window   screen   and 


Fig.  6 

passes  in  front  of  the  tempering  heater  T.  from  which  it  Is 
drawn  through  the  air  washer  AW  and  heater  H  by  the  fan  F. 
This  fan  is  set  in  an  enclosure  which  is  made  as  air  tight  as 
possible,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  fan  takes  its  suction  directly 
from  the  room,  thus  making  a  plenum  chamber  out  of  it.  The 
discharge  from  the  fan  is  blown  partially  through  the  re-heater 
R,  and  partially  through  a  by-pass  beneath  the  re-heater,  as  in- 
dicated in  elevation  in  Fig.  9.  Here  it  is  forced  into  the  pipes 
P,  which  pick  up  the  air  and  carry  It  to  the  various  room  out- 
lets, the  horizontal  runs  in  this  particular  case  being  carried 
in  a  tunnel  beneath  the  floor  of  the  basement  corrtdor.  This 
is  an  ideal  arrangement,  which,  however,  requires  all  heat  flues 
to  be  carried  down  to  the  basement  floor  instead  of  stopping  ofl 
at  the  basement  ceiling,  as  is  customary. 

The   respective  ducts  obtain  individual   temperatures  by   the 


Fig.  7 


Fig.  8 


CONSTRUCTION 


275 


amount  of  hot  and  tempered  air  admitted  by  the  dampers  D. 
These  dampers  are  governed  by  a  thermostat  located  in  the 
room  which  the  duct  supplies,  and  thereby  determining  the 
temperature  of  the  air  entering  the  room. 

The  architect  will  undoubtedly  at  once  question  the  cost 
factor  on  these  more  or  less  ideal  systems  of  heating  and  ven- 
tilation. The  most  approved  system — including  air  washers, 
heaters  and  fans  of  sufficient  capacity  to  supply  every  pupil  in 
every  class  room  with  30  cubic  feet  of  air  per  minute,  and  to 
give  every  seat  in  the  auditorium  20  cubic  feet  per  minute,  be- 
sides supplying  anywhere  from  four  to  ten  changes  of  air  per 
hour,  as  ma.v  be  required  in  the  various  other  rooms  throughout 
the  building — will  cost  from  2.1  cents  to  2. S  cents  per  cubic  foot, 
according  to  the  amount  of  horizontal  run  and  other  variable 
factors,  the  average  for  a  large  number  of  schools  approximating 
2.4  cents  per  cubic  foot. 


It  is  often  considered  advantageous  to  install  an  auxiliary 
system  of  direct  radiation,  but  many  architects  are  opposed  to 
the  use  of  direct  radiation  in  a  building  where  air  is  supplied  for 
ventilation,  arguing  that  it  is  much  cheaper  to  increase  the 
temperature  of  the  entering  air  by  adding  a  few  more  sections 
on  the  heater  than  it  is  to  carry  steam  pipes  throughout  the 
building  and  to  install  anywhere  from  two  to  six  or  eight  radi- 
ators per  room. 

As  far  as  first  cost  is  concerned  this  is  entirely  correct,  but 
the  operating  cost  is  excessive,  owing  to  the_  large  power  bills 
which  are  incurred  during  the  periods  when  the  school  is  not  in 
use,  during  which  periods,  however,  heat  is  necessary  to  afford 
protection  against  the  danger  of  freezing. 

With  direct  radiation  installed  in  the  rooms  no  electric  power 
need  be  expended  from  Friday  afternoon  until  the  following 
Monday  morning,  the  temperature  in  the  building  in  the  mean- 
time being  maintained  by  the  direct  radiators  without  ventila-  . 
tion.  When  the  hot  blast  system  is  used  alone,  either  cold  out- 
side air  must  be  heated  and  driven  within  the  building  in  order 
to  maintain  the  required  temperature,  or  a  by-pass  must  be  ar- 
ranged from  the  vent  fan  into  the  supply  fan  so  as  to  revolve 
the  air  without  the  use  of  an  outside  connection  during  this 
period.  This  by-pass  is  sometimes  not  only  difficult  to  obtain 
but  where  the  vent  fans  are  located  on  the  roof,  or  in  the  attic 
space,  is  absolutely  impossible. 

It  is,  moreover,  very  undesirable  to  use  the  hot  blast  system 
for  heatmg  such  rooms  as  toilets,  vestibules,  kitchens  lunch 
rooms,  and,  m  fact,  any  rooms  from  which  there  is  a  possibility 
of  odors  being  spread   throughout  the  building. 

Since  it  is  necessary,  therefore,  to  install  some  direct  radia- 
tion and  to  run  steam  supply  and  return  mains  for  the  heating 
of  these  part  cular  rooms,  it  does  not  require  an  excessive 
amount  of  additional  pipmg  to  locate  the  risers  so  that  they  mav 
feed  radiators  in  every  room.  It  is  certain  that  the  interest 
on  the  additional  expenditure  involved  by  this  installation 
would  not  be  as  great  as  the  expense  incurred  in  using  power  to 
run  the  hot  blast  system  when  it  is  being  operated  for  the  pur- 
pose of  maintaining  a  satisfactory  temperature  during  the  period 
intervening    between    se.ssions.  h«!"»"u 

In  the  plans  accompanying  this  article  the  rooms  have  been 
HhiT^ar  "Infl""""  ''^B??"^*- .  ^,  Auditorium;  AH.  Assembly 
HR  'rmJ^;  Anteroom;  BP,  Boys'  Playroom;  BL.  Boys'  Locker; 
BR.  Boiler  Room;  C,  Class  Room;  CR.  Coal  Room;  G,  Gymnasi- 
um; GL,  Girls'  Locker;  GP,  Girls'  Playroom:  L,  LavaSry;  LY 
Library;  P,  Passage  RR,  Recitation  Room;  TR  'Teachers'  Room ^ 
y.  Vestibule:  VR,  Voting  Room;  W.  Wardrobe.  The  apparatus 
has  been  indicated  as  follows:  AW,  Air  Washer;  B  BoHer-  D 
Damper;  F.  Fan;  H  Heater;  R.  Re-heater;  S,  Screen;  T,  Tem- 
pering  Heater.— "The    Brickbuilder." 


CATALOGUES. 

The  Mouat  Heating  System.— The  vapor  system  manufactured 
by  Mouat-Squires  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  Is  described  In  a  cata- 
logue issued  by  them.  The  advantages  of  this  system  claimed 
are  that  radiators  can  be  adjusted  to  suit  weather  conditions  or 
shut  oft  entirely  if  desired,  and  temperatures  controlled  for  each 
room  separately;  possibility  of  pipes  freezing  and  flooding  the 
building  is  avoided,  as  no  water  remains  in  the  pipes  of  this 
system;  ease  of  operation  of  the  radiator  valves,  which  are  gradu- 


ated and  conveniently  located  at  the  top  of  the  radiator;  mini- 
mum expense  of  upkeep,  since  there  is  never  more  than  a  few 
ounces  of  pressure  on  the  system;  therefore  pipes,  fittings,  etc, 
are  not  subjected  to  strain;  simplicity  of  construction,  resulting 
in  little  likelihood  of  the  system  getting  out  of  order.  It  is 
stated  that  the  system  is  applicable  to  boilers  already  installed 
A  number  of  important  buildings  in  which  the  system  is  said  to 
have  been  in  use  for  a  period  of  years  are  shown  by  means  of 
half-tone  cuts. 

"Corkboard  Insulation."  The  Armstrong  Cork  and  Insulation 
Co.,  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  has  issued  a  new  edition  of  their  catalogue. 
It  shows  at  the  beginning  an  illustration  of  the  cork  oak  from 
the  outer  bark  of  which  Nonpareil  corkboard  is  made  It  con- 
tains much  information  concerning  insulating  materials  and  their 
application  to  cold  storage  warehousing,  ice  plants,  breweries  fur 
storage  vaults,  dairies,  and  under  conditions  in  which  heat  in- 
sulating materials  for  temperatures  under  210  degrees  Fahrenheit 
is  required. 

"The  Commercial  Value  of  Washed  Air"  Is  a  forty  odd  page 
booklet  issued  by  the  American  Blower  Company,  describing  the 
Sirocco  Air  Conditioning  System  manufactured  by  them,  with 
which  it  is  claimed  that  the  working  conditions  existing  in  most 
buildings  are  improved,  with  the  result  that  the  efficiency  of 
those  affected  is  increased.  This  system  will  keep  the  humidity 
of  the  air  at  any  desired  point.  This  booklet  is  of  undoubted 
interest  to  architects,  and  is  designed  to  fit  the  American  Blower 
Co.'s  catalogue  binder. 


BOOK    REVIEWS. 

"INDICATION  IN  ARCHITECTURAL  DESIGN" :     By  D.  Varon 
architect,  formerly  Professor  of  Architectural  Design  at  Syra- 
cuse University,  and  at  the  University  of  Illinois.     New  York- 
The  William  T.    Comstock  Company. 
This  book  is  a  treatise  on  a  natural  method  of  studying  archi- 
tectural design  with  the  help  of  indication  as  a  means  of  analysis 
Its  object  is  to  inspire  the  student,  helping  him  to  discover  the 
unlying   principles   of  architectural  composition   with   a  view    to 
bringing  out  the  best  that  the  individual  can  produce.    This  book 
will   prove    useful    to   architectural   students   particularly.      The 
plates  illustrating  the  author's  sketches  comprise  the  large  por- 
tion  of  the   book.     They   are   used  as  examples  of   the  author's 
methods,  and  are  an  Inspiration  to  the  student  architect. 

"HAND  LETTERING  FOR  ENGINEERS.  ARCHITECTS,  SUR- 
VEYORS AND  STUDENTS  OF  MECHANICAL  DRAWING": 
By    Wilfrid   J.    Lineham,    head   of    Engineering   Department, 
University,  London.     New  York:    E.  P.  Dutton  &  Co. 
The  object  of  this  book  is  to  minister  to  the  needs  of  students 
by  means  of  direct  practice  in   the  kinds  of  lettering  most  re- 
quired by  engineers,  architects  and  surveyors.     As  a  text  book 
of  letting  it   is  very  complete,   and    it  followed  by  the   student, 
gives  him  a  course  in  lettering  which  is  valuable,  and  which,  if 
continued,  should  make  him  an  expert  in  hand-lettering,  such  as 
is  required  by  engineers,  architects  and  surveyors. 

"KIDDER'S  ARCHITECTS'  AND  BUILDERS'  POCKET 
BOOK":  By  the  late  Frank  E.  Kidder.  Present  edition 
revised  and  rewritten  by  Thomas  Nolan,  editor-in-chief.  Pro- 
fessor of  Architectural  Construction,  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  a  staff  of  specialists.  Sixteenth  edition.  John 
Wiley  &  Sons,  New  York. 

This  is  a  new  and  rewritten  edition  of  the  "Architects'  and 
Builders'  Pocket  Book."  The  work  devoted  to  its  revision  re- 
quiring over  three  years  on  the  part  of  the  editor-in-chief  and 
his  associate  editors.  The  original  plan  of  the  subject  matter  has 
been  retained,  but  on  account  of  the  comprehensive  nature  of  the 
contents  the  many  recent  changes  and  rapid  developments  in 
different  fields  of  architectural  construction,  and  the  consequent 
effect  of  such  changes  on  the  subjects  treated  the  entire  work 
has  been  rewritten.  Part  one  deals  with  a  practical  application 
of  arithmetic,  geometry,  trigonometry.  Part  two  deals  with  ma- 
terials of  construction  and  the  strength  and  stability  of  struc- 
tures, and  part  three  with  miscellaneous  information  for  archi- 
tects and  builders.  Part  two  contains  a  new  chapter  on  rein- 
forced concrete  mill  and  factory  construction.  The  interesting 
general  information  of  part  three  on  such  subjects  as  heating 
and  ventilation,  hydraulics,  plumbing  and  draining,  acoustics, 
etc.,  has  all  been  thoroughly  revised. 


Fi£.  10.    Showing  Arrangement  in  Bawment  ol  an  Individual  Duel  System 


Construction  News 

The  following  information  is  obtained  from  our  correspondents,  from  architects,  engineers 
and  by  our  staff.  These  items  are  pubhshed  in  our  Building  Report  Service,  and  are  herein 
compiled  for  the  use  of  subscribers  to  the  monthly  issue  of  "Construction."  Should  any  ol 
our  readers  desire  this  information  daily  we  shall  be  pleased  to  submit  prices  upon  request. 


BUSINESS   BUILOINQS. 

DAVIDSON.  SASK.— Contract  let  l>y  the  Bank  of  British 
North  America  for  the  hulldlng  of  a  hank  of  hrlck  conntnictlon  at 
Davidson,  Saak.,  to  coat  tlS.UUO. 

NIAGARA  FALLS,  ONT.— Are  preparing  plana  for  ofllce 
building  to  coat  110,000. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— Contract  let  for  the  electrical  material  for 
re-wlrlng  the  Parliament  Hulldinga. 

ST.  MARY'S,  ONT. — Plana  are  being  prepared  to  erect  a 
reataurant,  to  coat  $4.0UO. 

STRATFORD,  ONT.— The  Public  Utllltlea  Commlsalon  con- 
template erecting  a  modern  ofllce  building,  to  cost  $15,000. 

TORONTO,  O.NT.- G.  V.  Gray  Conatructlon  Co,  have  re- 
ceived a  contract  to  erect  an  additional  building  to  the  Harris 
Atmttoir,  on  St.  Clair  avenue,  to  coat  13,000. 

WINDSOR,  ONT, — Plans  have  been  prepared  for  a  new 
bank  building  of  brick  and  stone  construction,  to  cost  $30,000. 
The  Universal  Realty  Co.  contemplate  an  offlce  building  to  be 
erected  on  Ouellette  street,  to  cost  $300,000. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN. — Tenders  are  open  for  the  completion  of 
the  new  Parliament  Buildings. 


CIVIL     ENGINEERING. 

BIRD'S  HILL.  MAN.— Tenders  are  open  for  reinforced  cul- 
verts.    Tenders  close  August  15. 

BALDUR.  MAN.— Contracts  let  for  the  building  of  bridges 
over  the  Pembina  River. 

CHANDLKR.  QUF:.- Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  ex- 
tension of  wharf  200  feet. 

CHATHAM,    ONT.— Bridges    addition. 

LINDSAY,  ONT. — Tenders  open  for  bridges  over  Nonquon 
River. 

LONDON.  ONT.— Contract  let  for  sewers. 

LONDON,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  bridges  on 
King  street  highway  bridge  and  Adelaide  street  highway  bridge. 
Tenders  are  being  called  for  cement  floors.  Transportation  build- 
ing.  Queen's  Park,   London. 

MOOSE  JAW,  SASK.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  several 
bridges,  reinforced  concrete.    Tenders  close  August  7. 

NIAG.VRA  FALLS,  ONT.— Contract  awarded  to  Somerville  & 
Dlllworth  for  paving  20,000  feet  walk.  Contemplated  that  a 
dam  should  be  built  below  falls  to  develop  power. 

OTTAWA.  ONT.— Contract  let  for  a  25-foot  bridge  at  Hunt- 
ley. 

OAKBANK,  MAN.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  a  70-foot 
pile  bridge.  Tenders  open  for  bridge  north  of  section  24-12-5 
east. 

SARNIA.  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  bridge. 
ST.    LEONARD    DE    PORT    MAURICE,    QUE.— Tenders    are 
being   called   for   waterworks. 

SUDBURY,  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  L500  lineal 
feet  cement  sidewalks. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Contract  let  for  concrete  wall. 

WINNIPEG.  MAN.— Contract  let  for  bridge  50  feet  long. 
Tenders  wanted  for  paving  traffic  bridge  over  Saskatchewan 
River. 

WELLAND,  ONT. — Contract  let  for  concrete  bridge  over 
Twelve-mile   Creek. 

WOODSTOCK,  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  5,000  feet 
tile  drain. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— Contract  let  for  paving;  cost  $40,000. 
\\  ALKERVILLE.  ONT.— Contract  let  for  concrete  pavement 
of  several  streets. 


CLUBS,    HOSPITALS,    THEATRES    AND    HOTELS. 

CALGARY.  -VLTA. — Alex.  Pantages  contemplate  theatre. 

^^-r'nfilT"*^^''  ONT.— Contract  awarded  for  nurses'  home,  to 
cost  $(5,000. 

.^ii*?'^'^'^.?'''"    0''<T.— Plans    are    being   prepared    for   hospital 
addition.  Thames  street. 

MON-TREAL.  QUE.-Plans  have  been  drawn  for  hospital 
buildmg  to  cost  $20,000.  Keith  &  Orpheum  Circuits  contemplate 
theatre.  F.  W  Stair.  Toronto,  contemplate  theatre.  Plans  pre- 
mo  OOo"     '*'"*''"'^  "■'"  ^oo"  *■«  °P»"  for  picture  theatre,   to  cost 

$50^000'"^*^^"^'  ^'■^*~f°'"™c'  awarded  for  opera  house,  to  cost 

nr-,^.}^.-^''^'^^'   ^'AN-'Tenders  are  open  for  addition   to   the   in- 
111  1 1  Iff  r^  . 

QUEBEC.  ONT.— Plans  are  drawn   for  hospital  addition, 
RENFREW,  ONT.— Plans  drawn  for  curling  rink,  to  cost  $7  000 
SASKATOON,    SASK.-Contract  let    for   hospital    building 

Z'^^^^f  '^^'for'WS^  ISZlr^^SoTo-o'  '^la^  dVa"»n 
for  K?allr?s'i;.'ir^ci^ld'=r  ''■'''■     '^^"''^"  ■»-  bemgraVeS 
cosTuomT-    O^'T  -Tenders   are   being   called    for   hospital,    to 
■"KAIL,  B.C.— Contemplate  two  theatres  to  cost  $100,000. 


VANCOUVER.  B.C.— Plans  drawn  for  hotel  alterations  to 
cost   $10,000,     Plana  drawn   for   theatre,   to  cost  $250,000. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.— Plans  drawn  for  theatre  alterations,  to 
coat  $15,000. 


PLANTS,   FACTORIES   AND   WAREHOUSES. 

ASSINIBOIA.  SASK.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  power 
house  and  heating  plant. 

BRACEBRIDGE.  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  plumb- 
ing, radiators,  septic  tanks.  Central  Public  Schools. 

BRANDON,  MAN. — Contract  let  for  plumbing  and  heating 
Telephone    Exchange    Building. 

BERLIN.  ONT. — I'lans  have  been  drawn  for  hardware  store, 
to  cost  $5,000. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT. — Contract  let  for  machine  shop  and 
garage  of  brick  construction.  Tenders  are  being  called  for 
garage  and  sales  room,  to  cost  $40,000,  on  Darling  and  Queen 
streets. 

CLINTON,  ONT. — Contract  awarded  for  drying  kiln  of  brick 
and  frame  construction,  to  cost  $5,000. 

DUNNVILLE.  ONT.— American  Natural  Gas  and  Gasoline 
Co.,  Ltd.,  contemplate  a  gasoline  jilant.   to  cost  $40,000. 

EDMONTON.  ALTA.— The  C.N.R.  contemplate  a  machine 
shop  and  storehouse,  to  cost  $60,000.  They  have  also  awarded 
contract  to  Neshltt  &  Co.  for  the  erection  of  stores  and  machine 
shop,   to  cost  $65,000. 

FORT  WILLIAM,  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  plumb- 
ing at  civic  buildings.  Contract  awarded  for  grain  elevators,  to 
cost  $700,000. 

GALT.  ONT. — Roelofson  Machine  and  Tool  Co.  contemplate 
a  factory.     Tenders  are  being  calle<l  for  factory  addition. 

GRAND  RAPIDS,  SASK.— IPians  have  been  drawn  for  pulp 
and  paper  mills,  to  cost  $2,000,000.  Owner,  Manitoba  Power, 
Pulp  and  Paper   Co. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Work  to  go  on  cooperage,  to  cost  $12,000, 
Wellington  street  north.  Preparing  plans  for  factory.  King  Wil- 
liam and  Victoria  street,  to  cost  $40,000.  Preparing  plans  for 
machine  factory,  Sherman  avenue  north,  to  cost  $125,000.  Plans 
drawn  for  factory.  Sturton  street,  of  brick  construction,  to  cost 
$10,000.  Contract  let  for  plumbing  and  electric  wiring  the  City 
Hospital.  Contract  let  for  plumbing  work  at  the  City  Hall.  In- 
ternational Nickel  Co.  contemplate  factory,  to  cost  $100,000. 
Contract  has  been  awarded  to  William  Yates  for  the  erection  of 
walls  of  factory  addition,  to  cost  $20,000. 

LINDSAY,  ONT. — Contract  has  been  awarded  to  Westing- 
house,  Church  &  Kerr,  New  York,  for  munitions  plant,  to  cost 
$200,000. 

LONDON.  ONT.— Silk  glove  factory;  owner,  H.  S.  Hall,  New 
Jersey;  contract  awarded  to  Hyatt  Bros,  for  the  erection  of  a 
warehouse,  to  cost  $18,000.  The  Canada  Cereal  Co.  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  factory  addition,  to  cost  $7,500.  Contract  has 
been  let  for  heating  and  ventilating  the  county  building. 

MONTREAL.  QUE.— The  Montreal  Light.  Heat  and  Power 
Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  factory  of  brick  construction,  to 
cost  $20,000.  Price  Bros,  are  having  plans  prepared  for  pulp 
making  plant,  cost  over  $100,000.  J.  J,  Joubert.  Ltd..  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  factory,  to  cost  $8,000.  Montreal  Blanket  Co. 
have  had  plans  drawn  for  a  factory,  to  cost  $5,000.  Horace 
Chagon  has  had  plans  drawn  for  factory,  to  cost  $10,000.  Canada 
Sugar  Refining  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  factory,  to  cost 
.$4,000.  Canada  Tube  and  Iron  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for 
factory,  to  cost  $1,000.  Henry  Morgan  &  Co.  have  had  plans 
drawn  for  warehouse,  to  cost  $40,000.  S.  Rutherford  has  had 
plans  drawn  for  warehouse,  to  cost  $20,000.  Natural  Acme 
Mfg.  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  factory,  to  cost  $12  000 
Peck  Rolling  Mills  have  had  plans  drawn  for  factory,  to  cost 
$6,000. 

NORMANDALB.  ONT.— Dr.  Burt  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
fish  hatcheries,  to  cost  $35,000. 

NIAGAR.\  FALLS — Contemplated  power  plant,  to  cost  $100,- 
000,000. 

POPLAR  ISLAND— Westminster  Marine  Railway  Co  have 
had  plans  drawn  for  shipbuilding  .\-ards,  to  cost  $70,000. 

PETERBORO,  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  heating, 
ventilating,  electric  wiring  and  plumbing  at  the  South  Central 
School. 

PORT  ARTHUR— Contract  let  for  roundhouse  and  machine 
shop,   to  cost  $30,000. 

PERTH  ONT.— Henry  K.  Wampole  &  Co.  have  had  plans 
drawn   for  factory  addition,   to  cost  $25,000. 

RED  DEER.  ALTA.— Campbell.  Wilson  &  Home  contemplate 
warehouse,   to  cost  $40,000. 

RENFREW,  ONT.— Contract  awarded  by  the  South  Renfrew 
Agricultural  Society  for  the  erection  of  a  machinery  hall,  to  cost 

1     ^I'^??^'  ^' ?•— P'f"«  t°  *>«  prepared  for  nickel  refining  plant 
by  the  International   Nickel  Co..   U.S.A.  t- o"l 

V.V  •?>I?«/'',9^?'r?^'^-;7p*'."""'"^'  awarded  for  factory  addition 
h>  the  Stratford  Brass  Works,  to  cost  $5,000.  Contract  awarded 
cost  $"10^000  ^"^'"*  '"°°'"  ^y  'he  Baliantyne  Knitting  Co..  to 
SHERBROOKB.  QUE— Contract  has  been  awarded  by  the 
tuTm"    ^°""^''"*^*"    Cotton    Mills    for    cotton    mills,    to    cost 

1     w^?'^T,?°.^'    SASK.-Contract    let    for    heating   plant    Col- 
legiate Institute. 


276 


CONSTRUCTION 


277 


SARNIA.  ONT.— H.  J.  Neal  Baking  Co.  are  preparing  plans 
for  factory,    to   cost    $20,000. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT.^Monarch  Knitting  Mills.  DunnvlUe,  are 
preparing  plans  for  knitting  mills,  to  cost  $50,000.  .\merican 
Brakeshoe  Foundry  Co.   have  awarded  contract  for  foundry. 

TILLSONBURG,  ONT. — Michigan  Central  Railway  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  freight  shed,  to  cost  $6,000. 

TIMMINS,  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  plumbing  and 
heating  (T.  and  N.  O.  Railway). 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Dominion  Government,  Ottawa,  Ont.,  are 
calling  tenders  for  examining  warehouse.  Front  street,  to  cost 
$500,000.  The  Canada  Cycle  and  Motor  Co.,  Ltd.,  have  awarded 
contract  for  factory,  to  -cost  $100,000;  tenders  are  still  open 
for  electric  and  power  wiring,  heating  and  high  pressure  piping. 
T.  Eaton  Co.  have  awarded  contract  for  factory,  to  cost  $750,000; 
they  have  also  awarded  contracts  for  fancy  embroidery  factories; 
work  started  on  alterations  and  additions  to  store,  to  cost  $3,500. 
Contracts  awarded  by  the  T.  Eaton  Co.  for  garage  and  factories, 
to  cost  $250,000.  G.  V.  Gray  Construction  Co.  have  received 
a  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  bridge  by  the  Harris  Abattoir  Co. 
on  St.  Clair  avenue,  near  New  street,  to  cost  $1,500.  Tenders 
are  being  called  for  plumbing  by  Edwin  Hatfield.  Contracts  have 
been  awarded  by  the  T.  Baton  Co.  for  factories,  to  cost  $75,000. 
Brick  work  finished  of  Training  College,  on  Davisville  avenue, 
to  cost  $90,000.  Gray  Mfg.  and  Machinery  Co.  have  had  plans 
drawn  tor  garage,  to  cost  $300.  Tenders  are  being  called  by 
Canada  C.vcle  and  Motor  Co.  for  factories,  to  cost  $100,000. 
Goodyear  Tire  and  Rubber  Co.  contemplate  factory,  to  cost 
$250,000.  Work  commenced  on  factory  on  DufEerin  road,  to  cost 
$10,000.  H.  Goldman  has  had  plans  drawn  for  addition  to  fac- 
tory, to  cost  $1,200.  Russell  Motor  Car  Co.  are  calling  for  ten- 
ders for  factory,  to  cost  $100,000.  Work  commenced  on  ware- 
house addition  (owners.  Campbell  Flour  Mills  Co.).  to  cost 
$17,000.  J.  H.  Calrncross  has  hda  plans  drawn  for  carpenter 
shop,  to  cost  $1,200.  Southam  Press,  Ltd.,  have  had  plans 
drawn  for  stock  room  addition,  to  cost  $4,000.  Central  Press 
Agency  have  had  plans  drawn  for  factory,  beams  of  brick  con- 
struction. The  T.  Eaton  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  double 
deck  overhead  bridge,  Alice  street,  steel  construction,  to  cost 
$1,200.  Gold  Medal  Furniture  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for 
addition  to  pump  house,  to  cost  $500.  S.  Rabinovitch  has  had 
plans  drawn  for  warehouse,  to  cost  $2,000.  Tenders  are  being 
called  by  the  Canada  Cycle  and  Motor  Co.  for  factory  buildings, 
to  cost  $100,000.  Work  to  commence  at  once  on  machine  shop 
addition;  owners,  Clark  &  Darch.  Contracts  have  been  awarded 
by  the  T.  Eaton  Co.  for  warehouse  (now  excavating),  Terauley 
street.  Automobile  Supply  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for 
sprinkler  tank,  to  cost  $1,000.  Tenders  are  being  called  for 
planing  mill  for  rooting.  F.  J.  James  &  Co.  have  had  plans 
drawn  for  sheet  iron  smokeless  ovens.  Gutta  Percha  Rubber  Co. 
have  awarded  contracts  for  factories.  Tenders  are  being  called 
for  plumbing,  wiring,  plastering  (owner.  Mr.  McDonald),  55  Wol- 
frey  avenue.  Toronto  Plaster  Co.  have  had  plans  prepared  for 
factory  and  storehouse,  to  cost  $3,000.  The  T.  Eaton  Co.  have 
had  plans  and  work  commenced  on  factory.  H.  Greisman  has 
had  plans  drawn  for  warehouse  on  Richmond  street.  Cluft 
Ammunition  Co.  have  had  plans  prepared  for  two  temporary 
frame  galvanized  factor.v  additions,  to  cost  $3,000.  Conduits  Co., 
Ltd.,  preparing  plans  for  factory,  to  cost  $3,000.  Tenders  are 
being  called  for  ice  plant,  Front  street.  Contract  let  for  ex- 
amining warehouse.  Front  street.  Tenders  are  being  called 
for  plumbing  and  wiring  55  Woltrey  avenue  and  194  Ossington 
avenue.  H.  Carhartt  &  Co.  have  awarded  contracts  for  factory 
addition.  Queen  street  east.  Work  commenced  on  coal  elevator, 
Dufterin  street  (owners.  Conger  Lehigh  Coal  Co.).  Sir  J.  C. 
Eaton  has  had  plans  drawn  for  one-storey  concrete  and  brick 
building,  to  cost  $5,000.  Work  commenced  on  warehouse.  Caw- 
thra  avenue  (owners.  Campbell  Flour  Mills).  Toronto  Harbor 
Commission  have  had  plans  drawn  for  blacksmith  and  machine 
shop,  to  cost  $2,700.  Work  commenced  on  factory  on  Dufferin 
street  (owners,  Canada  Cycle  and  Motor  (3o.).  Tenders  are 
being  called  for  factory.  Paton  road  (owners.  Canadian  Bag  Co.). 
Tenders  are  being  called  for  brick  work,  carpentering,  roofing, 
wiring  and  drains  for  factory.  Work  commenced  shipping  house, 
Davenport  works.  Tenders  are  being  called  for  plumbing  by 
Alex.  Park.  Tenders  are  being  called  tor  factory,  to  cost  $50,00(1. 
by  Northrop  &  Lyman  Co.;  they  have  also  awarded  contract 
for  factory,  to  cost  $50,000.  Tenders  are  being  called  bv  the 
T.  Eaton  Co.  for  factory  on  Hloor  and  Dufferin  streets.  Work 
started  on  boiler  room,  to  cost  $2,500  (owners.  City  of  Toronto). 
Work  commenced  on  blacksmith  and  machine  shop  (owners. 
Toronto  Harbor  Commissioners).  John  Reid  &  Co.  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  blacksmith  shop  to  be  erected,  to  cost  $2,000. 
Southam  Press  are  calling  for  tenders  for  factory,  to  cost  $4,000. 
Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  the  Harry  Webb  Co.  for  factory, 
to  cost  $40,000.  Canadian  .\llis  Chalmers,  Ltd.,  have  had  plans 
drawn  for  factory  addition.  Willys-Overland  Co..  Ltd.,  have 
had  plans  drawn  for  factory  addition,  to  cost  $1,000.  The  T 
Eaton  Co.  are  excavating  for  factory,  to  cost  $60,000.  Bloor  and 
Dufferm  streets.  Contract  has  been  awarded  by  the  Goodyear 
Tire  and  Rubber  Co.  for  factory,  to  cost  $750,000. 

VANCOirVER,  B.C.— The  New  England  Fish  Co  are  pre- 
paring plans  for  factory,  to  cost  $300,000.  Work  commenced  on 
factory  building  (O.vners,  Canadian  Products,  I.,td.),  to  cost 
$15,000.  Alberta  Lumber  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  lum- 
ber mill,  to  cost  $100,000. 

WAYS  MILL.  QUE.— Barnston  Woolen  Mills  have  had  plans 
drawn  for  factory,  to  cost  $20,000. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— United  States  Steel  Corporation  contem- 
plate steel   plant,  to  cost   $25,000,000. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.— C^ontract  let  by  D.  Balcovskl  for  the  erec- 
tion of  abattoir,  to  cost  $150,000.  Union  Stock  Yards  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  packing  and  abattoir  plant. 


CONCORD,  ONT.— McLeod  &  Co.  have  commenced  work  on 
institution,    to  cost  $60,000. 

CALGARY,  ALTA.— The  G.T.R.  have  had  plans  drawn  for 
station,  to  cost  $15,000,  Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  Depart- 
ment of  Public  Works,  Alberta,  for  drill  hall,  to  cost  $20,000. 

DAUPHIN,  MAN,— The  Town  Council  contemplate  steel 
bridge  over  river  valley,  to  cost  $10,000.  Contract  awarded 
to  commence  work  on  law  court. 

GALT,  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  a  pavilion  in 
Jackson  Park.  Work  to  commence  on  telephone  exchange, 
Ainslie  street  (owners.  Bell  Telephone  Co.).  Contracts  awarded 
for  band  stand  and  pavilion  by  the  city  of  Gait. 

HALIFAX,  N.S. — Tenders  are  being  called  bv  the  Dominion 
Government  for  the  erection  of  Ocean  Terminial  Station.  Hunt 
Milling  Co.  are  having  plans  prepared  for  grain  elevator,  to  cost 
$30,000. 

MONTRP:aL,  QUE.— Montreal  Tramways  Co.  have  had  plans 
drawn  for  platform,   to  cost  $2,000. 

NELSON,  B.C. — Contract  awarded  for  telephone  exchange, 
Stanley  street. 

QUEBEC,  QUE.— ILa  Banque  Nationale  have  awarded  con- 
tract for  bank.  International  Paper  Co.  propose  pulp  mill.  St. 
Anne's  College  are  preparing  plans  for  library,  to  cost  $6,000. 

RIDGETOWN,  ONT.— The  Town  Council  have  had  plans 
drawn  for  pumping  station,  to  cost  $3,000. 

RENFREW,  ONT. — Contract  let  for  office  fittings  for  post 
office. 

SASK.-VTOON,  SASK.— Continental  Oil  Co.  have  had  plans 
drawn   for  oil   filling  station,   also  auto   filling  station. 

SYDNEY,  N.S. —St.  Francis  Xavier  have  had  plans  for 
library  and  gymnasium,  to  cost  $40,000. 

TILBURG,  ONT.— The  town  of  Tilburg  are  having  plans  pre- 
pared  for  public   library,   to  cost   $9,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Contract  awarded  and  work  commenced 
on  Beulah  Hall,  23-35  Charles  street  east.  Contract  let  by  the 
Hydro-Electric  for  station  addition.  Work  commenced  on  lava- 
tories. Parks  Department,  City  Hall,  to  cost  $3,000. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— Contract  awarded  by  the  G.N.R.  for 
railway  terminal,  to  cost  $1,000,000.  Board  of  Governors  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  university  building,  to  cost  $35,000.  McGill  Uni- 
versity College  have  had  plans  drawn  for  chemistry  laboratory 
and  association  hall,  to  cost  $35,000.  Canadian  Northern  Railway 
have  awarded  contracts  for  railway  terminal,  to  cost  $100,000. 

WINNIPEG,  M.\N— Committee  contemplate  Odd  Fellows' 
hall,  to  cost  $40,000.  City  of  Winnipeg  have  awarded  contract 
for   sanitorium   addition,    to   cost    $50,000. 

WALLACEBURG,  ONT.— Rev.  R.  J.  Hanley  proposed  a  new 
Y.M.C.A.  building  to  cost  $17,500. 

WELLAND,  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  Louis 
Bang  for  bowling  alley  of  brick  construction,  to  cost  $7,000. 


PUBLIC    BUILDINGS    AND    STATIONS. 

BOISDALE,   N.S. — The  Dominion  Government  are  calling  for 
tenders  for  station  building. 

CHATEAUGUAY,  QUE.— Contract  let  for  iron  bridge.  Norton 
Creek. 

CHARL,OTTBTOWN,    P.K.I.— Contract    let    for    city   hall    ad- 
dition. 

COPPER    CLIFF,    ONT.— Contract    let    for    sewage    pumping 
station. 


RESIDENCES,    STORES    AND    FLATS, 

ANDERTON  TOWNSHIP— Wm.  Cathlene  is  preparing  plans 
for    residence,    to   cost    $3,500. 

AUBURN,  ONT. — C.  E.  Asciuith  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dences, to  cost  $4,000. 

ERIN,  ONT, — Contract  awarded  by  J.  Glasgow  for  residence, 

to  cost  $3,000. 

BRIGDEN,  ONT. — Contract  awarded  bv  John  Poland  for  resi- 
dence,  to  cost  $4,000. 

BROCKVILLE,  ONT.— Contract  awarded  by  Miss  N.  Dar- 
gavel  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000. 

BRANTFORD.  ONT.— Mrs.  H.  Hamilton  has  had  plans 
drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  Chas.  Coulson  is  erecting 
residence  (walls  going  up),  to  cost  $1,400.  Contract  awarded  by 
Mrs.  Hamilton  for  residence,  to  cost  $4,500.  Chatham  Packing 
Co.  have  had  plans  for  residence  and  warehouse.  J.  Stewart 
has  awarded  contract  for  residence,  to  cost  $6,000.  The  Norton 
Co.,  Ltd.,  are  excavating  for  twenty-four  houses,  to  cost  $50,000. 

EDMONTON.  ALTA.— Contract  let  for  store  and  machine 
shop.     Contract  let  for  I,eamington  apartments,   to  cost  $60,000. 

FENELON  FALLS,  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  for 
three   stores  and   apartments,   to   cost   $16,000. 

GESTO,  ONT.— IF.  Mitchel  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence, 
to  cost  $3,000. 

G.\LT,  ONT. — Geo,  Watson  is  preparing  plans  for  store 
(haberdashery),  to  cost  $5,000.  Aug.  Vondraw  has  had  plans 
drawn  for  store,  to  cost  $3,500.  F.  Daub  contemplates  apart- 
ment house,   on   Moore  street,   to  cost  $15,000. 

H.\LIFAX,  N.S. — Eastern  Investment  Co.  are  preparing  plans 
for  residence,    to   cost   $5,000. 

H.VMILTON,  ONT. — MacKay  Bros,  have  had  plans  drawn 
for  residence  on  Main  street  east,  to  cost  $3,000  each.  Thomas 
McCleod  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,000.  R.  B. 
Hill  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $7,000.  Mr. 
Moffat  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residences.  Wm.  Atkinson  has 
had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $8,000.  A,  Mclntyre  has 
had  plans  drawn  for  store,  to  cost  $2,500.  J.  R.  Marshal  has  had 
plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,250.  Contract  awarded  by 
H.  Y.  Hart  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  G.  Fitzgerald  has  had 
plans  for  residence.  Contracts  awarded  by  Mr.  Wilson  for  the 
erection  of  residence,  to  cost  $4,000.  Contract  awarded  by  W. 
Chiswell  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  Contracts  awarded  by  Mr. 
McKim  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  Contracts  awarded  by  M. 
E.  McNevin  for  bungalow,  to  cost  $2,500.  Excavating  started  on 
Dr.  Truman's  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  The  Wilson  Building 
Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,000.  Plans 
drawn  for  residence  of  Mrs.  Burchell.  to  cost  $3,500.  S.  Sanzone 
has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,500.  Tenders  are 
being  called  for  eight  suite  apartment,  to  cost  $20,000,  Contract 
awarded  for  two  houses,  $1,200  each.  Contract  awarded  for  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $2,200,  by  Mr.  W.  C.  McLarlty;  he  has  also 
awarded  contract  for  residences,  to  cost  $2,200  each. 

KINGSTON,  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  residence,  to 
cost  $5,000. 

LONDON.  ONT. — Contract  awarded  for  residence,  to  cost 
$3,000,    by    H.    C.    Colirlck.      W.    Coonmall    Is    having   plans   pre- 


278 


CONSTRUCTION 


imicil  for  r<'»ld<»nce,  to  cost  13.000.  Contract  awarded  liy  Aid. 
Iliirdlvk  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,000.  Contract  awarded  for 
apartment  lioiim'.  to  cost  MO.OOO.  by  R.  H.  McKnlsht.  H.  N. 
AIh-I  has  ha<l  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,500.  M. 
Nornstfin  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $10,000.  J. 
Hiihhort  has  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,500.  Copp 
Syndicate  excavatlns  residences,  to  cost  $12,000.  Contracts 
awarded  for  residences  by  Charles  Hunter,  to  cost  $3,000;  by  J. 
Koutledge,  to  cost  $3,200;  by  Geo.  Pood,  to  cost  $3,500.  F.  Hen- 
derson  Is  preparing  plans  for  residence,  to  cost  $7,000,  John 
Armstrong  Is  preparing  plans  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,000. 

MII.VKKTON,  ONT.— Martin  Merger  Is  having  ptons  drawn 
for  residence,   to  cost   $3,500. 

MKTCAl.KK,  TOWNSHIP— Mr.  J.  Denning  has  had  plans 
drawn   for  farm   buildings,   to  cost  $3,000. 

MKUKORT,  S.\SK.— Jas.  Davidson  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
residence,    to  cost    $5,000. 

MONTRKAI.,,  yllK. — H.  Dlbarrat  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
residences,  to  cost  $7,000.  K.  Sauvangean  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  residences,  to  cost  $6,000.  A.  R.  Forest  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  residences,  to  cost  $4,000,  I'rovlnclal  Bank  has  had  plans 
drawn  for  store,  to  cost  $4,000.  J.  E.  I.rfivelle  has  had  plans 
drawn  for  one  store  and  three  residences,  to  cost  $7,000.  M. 
Uatnn  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residences  and  theatre,  to  cost 
$10,000.  H.  Uerlett  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residences,  to  cost 
$5,000.  S.  A.  Pitt  has  had  |>lans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost 
$3,600.  A.  Allaln  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residences,  to  cost 
$10,000.  Jack  Kstate  has  had  plana  drawn  for  one  store  and 
two  residences,  to  cost  $10,000.  Kd.  lilake  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  tlve  residences,  to  cost  $10,000.  J.  A.  Gougeon  has  had  plans 
drawn  for  two  stores  and  two  residences,  to  cost  $15,000.  K.  G. 
Place  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  Mrs. 
John  Mitchell  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,000. 
C.  K.  Dufresne  has  had  plans  drawn  for  one  store  and  two  resi- 
dences, to  cost  $6,000.  W.  K.  (Jlllesple  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
residence,  to  cost  $8,000.  S.  Gllmore  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
residence,  to  cost  $8,000.  Peter  Slngerman  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  store,  to  c-ost  $3,500.  Dupuis  Freres,  Ltd.,  have  had  plans 
drawn  for  store,  to  cost  $2,500.  Semlnlne  St.  Sulplcem  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  store,  to  cost  $3,577. 

WEST  NISSONOI— J.  Murphy  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $4,000. 

NORMANDALE  BEACH,  ONT.— Mrs.  J.  Spink  has  had  the 
plans  drawn  of  her  summer  residence,  to  cost  $3,000. 

NI.XGARA  FALLS,  ONT.— Dr.  Harry  Grant  is  preparing  plans 
for  residence  and  garage,  to  cost  $50,000.  Dawson  Bros,  are  pre- 
paring plans  for  residence. 

OSHAW.V,  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  residence  by 
M.  Finnegan,  to  cost  $8,000.  Tenders  are  being  called  by  W.  J. 
Burns  for  residence,  to  cost  $8,000. 

PORT  ROWAN,  ONT.— -Geo.  Lonks  Is  preparing  plans  for 
residence,  to  cost  $3,500. 

PARKHILL,  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  by  Quartley 
Building  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,000. 

PORT  STANLEY.  ONT.— J.  C.  Duffleld  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  residence,  to  cost  $15,000. 

PRE3TON,  ONT.— R.  Osgood  has  drawn  plans  for  store  front, 
to  cost  $3,000. 

QUEBEC.  QUE. — Plans  drawn  for  four  residences,  costing 
$8,000.    $6,000,    $7,000   and    $10,000. 

ROMNEY  TWP.— S.  Baker  awarded  contract  for  residence, 
to  cost   $4,000. 

RUTHVEN,  ONT. — Cameron  Wlgle,  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dences,  to  cost   $6,000. 

RENFREW,  ONT. — Contract  awarded  by  Thos.  A.  Low,  for 
seven  residences  to  cost  $8,000.  Plans  drawn  for  five  residences, 
to  cost  $15,000.  J.  K.  Rochester  has  had  plans  drawn  for  two 
apartments  and  garage,  to  cost  $6,000.  Donald  Campbell  has 
awarded  contracts  for  the  erection  of  four  residences,  walls  going 
up.  Joseph  Legree  is  excavating  for  residence,  Hall  and  Plaunt 
streets,  to  cost  $6,000.  Work  commenced  on  eight  residences, 
Plaunt  street,  to  cost  $5,000.  Patrick  Enright  contemplates 
residence.  Bar  street,  HiUcrest,   to  cost  $2,500. 

ST.  THOMAS.  ONT. — Work  commenced  on  residences,  to 
cost  $2,000. 

SYDNEY,  N.S.— Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  Provost 
Marshal  Noble  for  a  residence,  to  cost  $8,000.  Contract  awarded 
by    W.    J.    Power    for   residence,    to   cost    $6,000. 

S.\RNI.\.  ONT.— R.  MoKnight  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
apartment    house,    to   cost   $5,000. 

STR.\THROY.  ONT. — R.  W.  Nicholson  has  had  plans  drawn 
for   residence,    to  cost    $3,000, 

STR.VTP'ORD.  ONT. — Geo.  Kalbfleisch  has  given  Instructions 
for  work   to  commence  at  once  on  residence,   to  cost  $3,000. 

ST.  CATH.VRINES.  ONT  —Tenders  are  being  called  by  the 
Victoria  Lawn  Cemetery  for  the  erection  of  residence,  to  cost 
$2,500.  Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  City  of  St.  Catharines 
for   the   erection   of   residence,    to   cost   $5,000. 

ST.  JOHN  .N.B. — Work  commenced  on  residence,  cost  $3,000. 
Work  commenced  on  residence  of  Dr.  G.  Hannah,  to  cost  $5,000. 

THEDFORI).  ONT.— J.  Bullen  is  preparing  plans  for  resi- 
dence,   to  cost   $4,000. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— .M.  H.  Crock  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
duplex  residence,  to  cost  $1,500.  H.  Moore  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  residence,  to  cost  $1,500.  Dr.  John  C.  Hall  has  had  plans 
drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,000.  Contract  awarded  by  J.  Hill 
for  on**  pair  setni-detached  residences,  to  cost  $4,000.  Hydro- 
Electric  have  had  plans  drawn  for  Hydro  addition,  to  cost  $90,- 
n(M>.  Dr.  J.  W.  Russell  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to 
cost  $2,000.  Work  commenced  on  four  pairs  semi-detached 
residences,  to  cost  $16,000.  Wm.  Ishister  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  residence,  to  cost  $4,000.  Lewis  Buttershill  has  had  plan.s 
(InivvM  for  residence,  to  cost  $2,500.  Tenders  are  being  called 
by  .\.  Jeffery  for  the  erection  of  two  pairs  residences,  to  cost 
$5.<MM».  Joseph  Hill  has  had  plans  drawn  for  two  pairs  semi- 
detached residences,  to  cost  $4,000.  Wm.  T,  Sinclair  contem- 
plates one  pair  residences,  to  cost  $6,000.  The  Trust  and  Guaran- 
tee Co.  have  contemplated  ten  residences  to  be  erectd.  to  cost 
$15,000.  Wilkina  &  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  the  erection 
of  store   front,   to  cost  $1,000.     Contracts  have  been  awarded  by 


Charles  C.  Blackwell  for  residence,  to  cost  $40,000.  Contract  let 
for  residence,  to  cost  $4,000.  Tender*  are  being  called  by  Robert 
Whlteway  for  the  erection  of  one  pair  of  residences,  to  cost 
$5,000.  K.  C.  Havelbut  contemplates  residence  to  be  erected  on 
Briar  Hill  avenue,  to  cost  $3,500.  J.  Woodworth  contemplates 
reslden<-e  In  North  Toronto,  to  cast  $5,000.  Tenders  are  being 
called  by  L.  W.  Doncaster,  Nightingale  &  Smith,  and  O.  Riley 
for  various  trades.  Tenders  are  being  called  by  Greenspan  for 
the  erection  of  apartment  house,  to  cost  $15,000,  F.  E.  Gibson 
has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,500.  W.  R.  Smith 
has  had  plans  drawn  for  one  pair  residences.  Work  to  start  at 
once  on  one  pair  of  residences  (owner,  J.  F.  Schooley).  G.  H. 
Harper  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residences,  to  cost  $4,000.  Work 
will  not  iiroceel  with  store  and  residence  belonging  to  LInder 
Bros.  A.  P.  McEarcheron  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence, 
to  cost  $3,500.  Work  to  start  on  store  front,  to  cost  $3,000, 
Work  commenced  on  residence  and  garage,  to  cost  $6,000.  R. 
Robtburkell  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $3,000. 
Mulr  Lumb  has  had  plans  drawn  for  one  private  semi-detached 
residence,  to  coat  $8,000.  H.  Gordon  M.  McKenzle  and  W.  W. 
Dundas  have  had  plans  drawn  for  one  store  front  to  be  erected. 
John  McMaster  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence  addition 
(front),  to  cost  $1,000.  J.  J.  Downey  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
one  pair  semi-detached  residences,  to  cost  $6,000.  C.  Black  has 
had  plans  drawn  for  residences,  to  cost  $5,000.  Wells  Bros,  have 
received  a  contract  from  the  Robert  Simpson  Co.  to  commence 
work  (home),  to  cost  $200,000,  work  to  start  at  once  on  resi- 
dence. W.  G.  McWaters  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to 
cost  $3,000.  John  McCuUam  has  had  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $3,000.  F.  A.  Parker  is  having  plans  drawn  for 
residence,  to  coat  $5,000.  Contract  has  been  awarded  by  Mrs. 
M.  McLennan  for  residence,  to  cost  $4,000.  Geo.  Jackson  has 
had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $1,000.  Chas.  S.  Black- 
well  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $35,000.  Hubbs 
&  Hubbs  is  having  plans  perpared  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000. 
Mr.  Crawford  and  Mr.  MacCllntock  have  had  plans  drawn  for 
residence,  to  cost  $2,500.  A  Harvie  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
residence,  to  cost  $1,000.  John  Kaake  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  residence  and  garage,  to  cost  $3,200.  F.  Smith  has  award- 
ed contracts  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  Hubbs  &  Hubbs  are 
having  plans  prepared  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  J.  R.  Gll- 
lard  is  preparing  plans  for  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  Ontario 
Wind  Engine  and  Pump  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  store- 
house, to  cost  $3,500.  J.  T.  Moore  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
residence,  to  cost  $4,000.  M.  Edmonds  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
residence,  to  cost  $3,500.  W.  B.  Sharlton  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  residence,  to  cost  $1,500.  Tenders  are  being  called  by  the 
Toronto  Brick  Co.  for  new  store  front  (from  fire).  H.  A.  John- 
ston awarded  contract  for  work  to  commence  on  residence  and 
garage,  to  cost  $7,000.  Work  commenced  on  store  and  apart- 
ments, to  cost  $12,000.  C.  Hough  has  had  planS  drawn  for  resi- 
dence, work  to  commence  July  10th,  to  cost  $3,500.  Mrs.  E. 
Greenspan  has  had  plans  drawn  for  stores  and  apartments,  to 
cost  $10,000.  H.  McLean  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to 
cost  $4,500.  R.  C.  A.  Cassels  is  having  plans  prepared  for  resi- 
dence addition,  to  cost  $5,000.  Kerr  &  Martin  have  had  plans 
prepared  and  work  to  commence  at  once  on  residence,  to  cost 
$4,000.  John  Firstbrook  has  let  contract  for  residence,  work  to 
start  at  once,  to  cost  $6,000.  B.  J.  Case  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  residence,  to  cost  $3,500,  work  commenced  on  cottage.  S.  F. 
Lankln  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $2,500.  Ten- 
ders are  being  called  by  J.  Slade  for  one  private  residence;  work 
to  commence  at  once  on  residence  addition,  to  cost  $2,000.  Ten- 
ders are  being  called  by  Mr.  Johnston  for  one  detached  resi- 
dence. G.  N.  Ferrier  has  had  plans  drawn  for  stores  and  apart- 
ments, work  to  commence  at  once.  McKlndley  &  Bingham  have 
had  plans  drawn  for  apartment  house,  to  cost  $25,000.  Thos. 
Heron  has  had  plans  drawn  for  one  private  semi-detached 
residence,  to  cost  $3,800.  R.  Boys  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
residence,  to  cost  $3,000.  Tenders  are  being  called  by  L.  White 
&  Sons  for  the  erection  of  store,  on  Queen  street.  Residence, 
work  to  commence,  to  cost  $3,000.  Work  to  commence  on  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $3,000.  E.  Scofton  has  had  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $2,500.  J.  Lucas  Is  having  plans  prepared  for  one 
private  residence.  W.  R.  Smith  has  had  plans  drawn  for  one 
private  semi-detached  residence,  to  cost  $2,000.  Harry  Lucas 
has  started  excavating  four  private  semi-detached  residences, 
to  cost  $14,000.  H.  J.  Hall  has  had  plans  drawn  for  sun  room, 
to  cost  $1,200.  L.  H.  Lankin  has  had  plans  drawn  for  one  private 
semi-detached  residence  of  roughcast,  to  cost  $2,450,  J.  M. 
Cairns  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $1,000.  John 
McMaster  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $1,500.  Mr. 
Spinks  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence  addition,  to  cost  $600. 
A.  C.  Palmer  has  had  plans  drawn  for  one  detached  residence, 
to  cost  $1,000.  Robert  Burkell  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence, 
to  cost  $3,000.  James  Murray  has  had  plans  drawn  for  store 
alterations,  to  cost  $1,500.  A.  E.  Warrington  has  had  plans 
drawn  for  two  detached  residences,  to  cost  $4,000.  Work  to 
commence  at  Arlington  avenue  on  one  detached  residence,  to 
cost  $2,000.  John  Welsh  has  had  plans  drawn  for  one  detached 
residence,  to  cost  $2,500.  E.  C.  Hurlbut  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  residence,  to  cost  $3,500.  The  foundation  of  the  home  of 
Robert  Simpson  has  been  completed,  to  cost  $100,000.  R.  H. 
Whlteway  has  had  plans  drawn  for  one  detached  residence,  to 
cost  $2,500.  J.  Woodsworth  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence, 
to  cost  $5,000.  Contract  has  been  awarded  by  H.  A.  Ryan  for 
the  erection  of  residence  and  garage,  to  cost  $4,000.  Work 
to  commence  on  duplex  residence  at  58  Sorauren  avenue,  to  cost 
$4,500.  Contract  awarded  by  W.  H.  Gibson  for  the  erection  of 
duplex  residence,  to  cost  $4,000.  A.  A.  Graham  has  had  plans 
drawn  for  one  private  residence,  to  cost  $3,500.  A.  O.  Scott  has 
had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $4,000.  Contract  awarded 
by  A.  W.  Ciendenen  for  the  erection  of  one  private  residence, 
to  cost  $5,000.  Work  to  commence  on  three  private  residences, 
to  cost  $13,000.  J.  L.  Corley  has  had  plans  drawn  for  two  resi- 
dences, to  cost  $7,000.  J.  Haken  is  excavating  residence,  to  cost 
$2,500.  Sliss  A.  Parker  has  had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to 
cost  $1,000.  Revised  report  on  the  residence  of  John  Firstbrook. 
to  cost  $30,000.  A.  H.  Brittain  has  had  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $8,000.  H.  H.  Hill  has  had  plans  drawn  for  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $1,000.  J.  K.  Heaman  is  excavating  residence,  to 
cost  $4,000.  G.  N.  Heaman  is  preparing  plans  for  two  semi- 
detached residences,  to  cost  $2,000  each.  Charles  Thorpe  has 
had  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $1,000.  F.  C.  Ciarkson  has 
had  plans  drawn  for  verandah  and  sun  room,  to  cost  $600. 
S.  B.  Coon  &  Son  have  had  plans  drawn  for  duplex  residence 
alterations,  to  cost  $600.  S.  G.  Whaley  has  had  plans  drawn 
for   residence,    to   cost   $3,500.     Tenders   are   being   called   by   J. 


CONSTRUCTION 


11 


It  will  hereafter  be  given  on  all  Barrett 
Specification  Roofs  of  fifty  squares  or  more 
in  all  towns  in  Canada  and  the  United  States 
of  25,000  population  and  over,  and  in 
smaller  places  where  our  inspection  service 
is  available. 

All  you  have  to  do  to  secure  the  Guaranty 
Bond  IS  to  give  the  roofing  contractor  a  copy 
of  The  Barrett  Specification  dated  May 
1916,  and  tell  him  to  figure  on  that  basis. 
The  specification  of  that  date  includes  the 
20  year  Surety  Bond  provision. 

Our  only  requirements  are,  that  the  roofing 
contractor  shall  be  approved  by  us  and  the 
specification  of  the  date  mentioned  shall  be 
strictly  followed.  We  know  from  the  ex- 
perience of  over  fifty  years  that  such  a  roof 
will  last  20  years  and  more  without  repairs 
of  any  kind. 

The  Surety  Bond  will  be  issued  by  the 
United  States  Fidelity  &  Guaranty  Com- 
pany and  will  be  furnished  by  us  rvithoui 
charge. 

Our  inspector  will  pass  upon  the  quality  and 
quantity  of  materials  and  workmanship  and 
see  that  the  roof  is  laid  so  as  to  give  maximum 


service.  From  the  buyer's  standpoint  this 
arrangement  is  ideal.  Under  the  plan  he  is 
assured  of  havmg  an  mspector  on  his  roof 
whose  only  interest  is  to  make  it  as  good  as 
possible. 

The  principal  architects,  engineers  and  roof- 
ing contractors  throughout  the  Dominion  are 
familiar  with  the  plan  and  are  cooperating 
with  us. 

If  you  wish  any  further  information  regarding  the 
guaranty,  write  our  nearest  office  and  the  matter 
will  have  prompt  attention. 


A  copi)  of  The  Barrett  Specification,  with  roofing  diagrams,  sent  free  on  request. 

THE       PATERSON      MANUFACTURING      COMPANY.       LIMITED 

MONTREAL  TORONTO  WINNIPEG  VANCOUVER 

THE     CARRITTE-PATERSON      MANUFACTURING       CO.,       LIMITED 

ST.   JOHN,    N.B.  HALIFAX,    N.S.  SYDNEY,    N.S. 


J80 


CONSTRUCTION 


IliikiM.i  fur  llK-  .•ivitloii  of  residence,  to  cohI  $2,500.  Work  to 
.oMiMM  11.  .•  .Ill  1.  «i.l.-iuf  HddUlon,  to  rost  J2.000.  Work  to  coiii- 
iiLMir.-  on  r.nlil.-nr..  addilloii.  f)  <08t  »3.IMHI,  Tenders  Hre  being 
iMllnl  liv  K  W.  Hill  for  the  erection  of  du|).ex  reBldence.  to  eoBt 
jr>  IHIO  TviulerB  will  be  c-Hlled  Bliurtl.v  for  the  altering  of  live 
«ti'ire»'  to  ro.sl  »5.oiio.  TenderH  me  belnjt  eulled  by  8.  M.  Hanibl.v 
for  llif  iierlliin  of  two  stores  and  apartnients,  to  osl  IIS.OOO. 
Tendem  are  I.eInK  ealled  by  Dr.  O.  \V.  Clendenen  for  the  erec- 
lioii  of  slores  and  aparlnients.  to  eost  JIO.SOO.  Contraet  award.'d 
by  II  K  (Slas.s  for  residence  alterations,  to  cost  $1.5o0.  (  .  .Mann 
hiis  iwid  plans  drawn  for  residence,  to  cost  $2,000.  .\.  I'erl- 
niiilter  has  bad  plans  drawn  for  alterlnR  store  front,  to  cost 
».-.00  Tenders  are  being  c-alled  by  the  Rev.  R.  .VI.  Hamilton 
for  KuniKe.  lo  cost  $750.  I'lans  have  been  drawn  for  live  tfaraKi's. 
R  .\.  Speer  has  had  plans  drawn  for  KaraKe,  to  cost  $12.1.  \\  . 
.\shall  has  had  plan.i  dmwn  for  garaRe.  to  cost  $300.  J.  K. 
Diamond  has  had  plans  drawn  for  garage,  to  cost  $300.  /'""•• 
S.  Hlac'kwell  has  had  plans  drawn  for  garage,  to  cost  $.*,000. 
rians  have  been  drawn  for  live  private  garages.  Plans  have 
been  drawn  for  two  private  garages.  Contracts  awarded  by 
the  T.  Katon  Oo.  for  the  erection  of  garage.  I'lana  have  been 
drawn  for  six  private  garages  to  be  erected.  A.  1'.  liiirrltt  has 
had  plans  drawn  for  private  garage.  The  Toronto  Klectrlc  Light 
Co.  have  had  plans  prepared  for  garage  to  be  erected,  to  cost 
$2..'>00.  Tenders  are  being  called  by  Smoff  Hardware  for  garage. 
IMans  drawn  for  private  garage,  to  cost  $400.  riaiis  have  been 
drawn  for  two  private  garages  to  be  erected,  to  co.st  $ti.')0.  Q.  T. 
Clarkson  has  had  plans  drawn  for  garage,  to  cost  $1,000.  Con- 
tract has  been  awarded  by  .V,  (i.  Strathy  for  garage,  to  cost 
$2,000. 

VANt'Ol'VKK.  li.t'.— Mrs.  I'"lel<l  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
residence,    t)  cost    $2,500. 

WINNirKO.  .M.\N. — The  I.O.o.F..  Xlanltobn.  has  had  plans 
drawn   for   home,    to  cost  $40,000. 

VV.M.KKHTON.  ONT. — Mrs.  Krdman  has  had  plans  drawn 
for  store  front,  to  cost  $3,000, 

WKI.U.VND,  O.N'T. — Work  commenced  on  residence,  to  cost 
$4,000.     Tenders  are  being  called  by  O.  H.  Garner  for  residences. 

Zl'RH'K.  ONT. — W.  Kuby  Is  preparing  plans  for  residence,  to 
cost    $4,000. 

.  ♦  ■ 

SCHOOLS,   COLLEGES    AND    CHURCHES, 

.\1I.,S.\  CHAIO,  ONT.— CiMlract  awarded  to  Sterling  for 
.sehool  alterations,  to  cost  $4,000. 

HR.\.MrTON.    ONT.— Contract    awardi'd     for    school,    to    cost 

$2'!. 000. 

KKAiVno.V.  .M.\.\. — Contemplated  school  addition  of  brick 
constriiction. 

I!1,.\CK\\'00|).  SASK. — Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  High 
Scho'il    Hoard    for   the   Collegiate   Institute   alterations. 

C.\Kl.TOiN  l'L.\CE.  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  by  the 
.School    Hoard   for  the  ei-ec-tlon  of  a   school. 

C.VMKOSK.  H.C.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  .1.  L. 
Willson  for  school. 

CUKKMORIO.  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  School 
Hoard   for  the  erection  of  a  six-roomed  school. 

KCi.VNV'Il.LE.  O.N'T. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  a  church 
by  Hcv.  .M.   Voss. 

KLMV.M.R.  ONT. — The  Public  School  Hoard  are  preparing 
plans  for  school,   to  cost   $14,000. 

FORI).  0.\'T. — Contract  awarded  by  the  School  Hoard  for  a 
sch'>ol.  to  cost  $40,000. 

FKKKTOW.N.  P. K. I.— Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  School 
Hoard   for  .'■x'hool.    to  cost   $3,000. 

O  \LT  O.N'T. — Work  commenced  on  .school  alterations.  Con- 
tract awarded  bv  the  School  Hoard  for  school  addition.  Contract 
awarded  for  school  alterations.  Contract  let  for  public  school, 
to  cost  $4."i.OOO.  Contract  awarded  by  the  School  Hoard  for  school, 
to  cost  $4,i.0OO. 

(JRIFFIN.  S.\SK. — Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  School 
Hoard  for  steamheating  and  ventilating  the  Griffin  P'ublic  School. 

HVMILTO.V.  ONT. -The  Board  of  Education  are  preparing 
plans  for  school,  to  co.st  $40,000.  Christ  Church  Cathedral  have 
given  instructions  for  work  to  commence  on  church  addition,  on 
.lames  street  north,  lo  cost  11.5.000.  Tenders  are  being  called 
for  by  the  Union  Church  for  church,  to  cost  $9,000.  The  Hoard 
of  Education   contemplate   school,    to  cost   $40,000. 

H.VGERSVILLE.  ONT. — Contract  let  for  church  alterations. 

H.\I,1FA.\.    N.S'.— The    .School    Hoard    contemplate    school,    to 

cost    $.')0.0OO. 

KINIU'R.N'.  ONT.— The  School  Hoard  contemplate  school,  to 
cost    $14,000. 

KI.N'GSTO.N".  ONT. — Power  &  Son  have  awarded  contract  for 
riding  .school,  to  cost  $30,000. 

LOKEHIRN.  S.VSK— The  Oxford  School  Hoard  are  calling 
for  tenders  for  school  addition,  to  cost  $10,000.  I'nion  Church 
contemplate    church,    to    cost    $20,000. 

l,.\.N'l)ON'\'lM-i:.    .\I,T.\. — Contract    let    for   school. 

LO.N'nO.N'.  ONT.-JThe  Hoard  of  Education  have  awarded  con- 
tract   for   Technical    School,    to   cost    $15S.23S. 

M.\LI>E.N'.  ONT. — Contract  let  by  the  School  Board  for  school, 
to  cost  $3..100. 

MI.N'NEI)OS.\,    MAN. — Contract  let   for  school. 

MON'TRE.M-.  Ql"E. — Fabridiies  have  had  plans  drawn  for 
(•hurch  alterations,  to  coot  $4,000.  The  Russian  Jewish  .Synaeogue 
have  had  plans  drawn  for  church  alterations,  to  cost  $8,000. 
The  tru.stees  of  Infant  .Jesus  have  had  plans  drawn  for  church 
alterations,  to  cost  $X,ooO.  ,Iac(|ues  Cartier  Normal  School  have 
had  idans  drawn  for  church,  to  cost  $G,i,O00.  The  Church  of 
.N'otre  Oaine  have  had  plans  <liawn  for  church,  cost  $50,000.  St. 
Mary's  Polish  R.C.  Church  have  had  plans  drawn  for  church, 
to  cost  $1S.000.  The  Church  Hoard  have  had  plans  drawn  for 
church,   to  cost  $4,000. 

.N'EI.SoX.  B.C. — (Contract  let  by  the  Hoard  of  School  Trustees 
for  the  school  addition. 

POUT.MiE  1,.\  PR.MRIE.  M.VN. — The  Hoard  of  Education 
li.'.vc  awarded  contracts  for  school,  to  cost  $50,000. 


PORT  CREDIT,  ONT, — Contract  let  by  the  School  Hoard  tor 
school,   to  cost  $40,000, 

PEMBROKE.  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  the  Pem- 
broke Elwtrlc  IJght  Co.  for  sub-station,  t  ocost  $10,000,  Con- 
tract let  for  school,  to  cost  $40,000.  Contract  let  for  school,  to 
cost  $50,000.  Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  the  Board  of 
Education   for   High  School  addition,   lo  cost  $10,000, 

KENF'REW,  ONT, — Contract  let  for  convent  (walls  going  up), 
to   cost    $6,000. 

SMITH'S  K-ALLS,  ONT. — Board  of  Education  have  awarded 
contract   for  school,   to  cost  $35,500. 

STEEP  CREEK,   ALBERTA.— Contract  let  for  school. 

S.VRNIA,  ONT, — The  Board  of  Education  have  had  plans 
drawn  for  school. 

SELKIRK,  ONT,— Contract  let  for  school. 

SAR.N'I.\.  ONT. — Shultz  Bros,  have  commenced  work  on 
school. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — Contract  let  for  school  alterations.  Con- 
tracts awarded  for  dormitory  by  the  city  of  Toronto;  tenders 
are  also  open  for  smaller  trades.  Contracts  have  been  awarded 
for  church,  to  coat  $4,000.  .1.  E.  Close  has  had  plans  drawn  for 
mission  addition,  to  cost  $700.  Tenders  are  being  called  for  by 
the  Beulah  Hall  for  mission,  to  cost  $20,000.  The  Monastry  of 
our  l.jidy  of  Charity  have  had  plans  drawn  for  monastery 
addition,  to  cost  $2,200.  Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  the 
Calvary  Churoh  for  foundation  only. 

TWEED.  ONT. — The  High  School  Board  are  preparing  plans 
for  high  school,  to  cost  $25,000. 

TILBURY.  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  the  School 
Board    for  school   addition,   to  cost   $10,000. 

VERNER,  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  the  parish 
priest   of  O'Racette   for  church   heating  system. 

VANCOUVER.  B.C. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  plastering 
Interior  of   school. 

WIN.NIPEG.  MAN.— Contract  awarded  for  church,  to  cost 
$7,000.  Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  the  School  Board  for 
the  school  alterations. 

WILCOX.  SASK.— Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  Mr.  H.  P. 
.lones  for  school. 

WL\RTON.  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  the  secre- 
tary of  the  School  Hoard  for  High  School  addition. 

WELL.VND.  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  T.  I- 
.■^Ichols  for  school,   one   room. 

WHE.VTLEY,  ONT. — The  Public  School  Board  have  contem- 
plated   school,    to   cost    $15,000. 


MISCELLANEOUS, 


Zoller   has   had   plans   drawn    for   ham 
has   awarded    contract    for 


CRIN.VAN,    ONT. — I 
(stock),    to   cost   $3,000. 

HAMILTON.    ONT.— R.    B.    Mice 
bakery  addition,  to  cost  $7,000. 

LENNOXVILLE.  QUE.— Contract  let  by  the  Dominion  Gov- 
ernment for  the  erection  of  a  dairy  cattle  barn. 

IX)NDON,  ONT. — Emiilre  Manufacturing  Co.  are  excavating 
storage  shed,  to  cost  $2,500. 

MELBOURNE,  ONT.— Erin  Carruthers  has  had  plans  drawn 
for   barn,    to  cost   $3,000. 

.MONTREAL.  QUE —The  Consumers'  Gasoline  Co.  have  had 
plans  drawn  for  stable,  to  cost  $2,500.  Guarantee  Pure  Milk 
Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  stable,  to  cost  $30,000.  .A.  A. 
Shamrock  has  had  plans  drawn  for  grand  stand,  to  cost  $6,000. 

STR.VTFORD,  ONT.— Contract  awarded  by  the  municipality 
for  water  tower,   to  cost  $23,000. 

SOUTHWOLD  TOWNSHIP- Wm.  Gunning  is  preparing  plans 
for  stock  barn,   to  cost  $3,500. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — Tenders  are  being  called  by  the  chairman, 
T.  L.  Church,  for  flve-ton  traveling  beam.  Conger  Coal  Co. 
have  had  plans  drawn  for  coal  shed,  to  cost  $1,000.  Sir  J.  C. 
Eaton  has  had  plans  drawn  for  swimming  pool  conservatory,  to 
cost  $10,000.  Hydro- Electric  have  had  plans  drawn  for  trans- 
former, to  cost  $1,000.  Contract  awarded  by  Bowles'  Lunch. 
Ltd..  for  bakery,  to  cost  $25,000.  AVork  commenced  on  bakery 
addition  to  the  Ideal  Bread  Co..  to  cost  $4,000.  Contract  awarded 
by  the  Ideal  Bread  Co.  for  bakery,  to  cost  $3,000.  The  Canadian 
Pvxpress  Co.  have  had  plans  drawn  for  stables,  to  cost  $1,000. 

VICTORL\.  B.C.— B.C.  Mausoleum  and  Crematory  Co.  con- 
template mausoleum. 

VANCOUVER.  B.C.— Contract  awarded  for  lighthouse  to 
Snider  &  Brethour. 


GENERAL,  .^NNUAIj  -ASSEMBLiY. 

TIic  (Joiieral  Annual  .\s.st'inbly  of  tin-  K<>.val 
.\rdiitiM-turnl  1nstitii(<>  of  Cunada  will  Im"  lielcl  at 
t^iiolKH-.  Que.,  on  8tli  and  911i  SoptomlKT,  1»1«.  A 
very  iiiterewtinfi  pposramnie  I.h  iH-ing;  prt'iiarc*!  which 
wili  inciiKlo  niattorx  of  interest  to  ev^rf  Architect  In 
the  Dominion. 

Every  Canadian  .\reliit<ft  is  corciially  invited  and 
is  welcome  at  all  .s»>s.sion.s,  whetlier  u  member  of  tlie 
Royal  Institute  or  not. 


CATALOGUES. 

Fireprootlng. — The  Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  has  issued  a 
booklet  entitled  "Finishing  Touch  in  Fireproofing  Your  Build- 
ing." It  reviews  the  subject  of  wooden  doors,  and  inetal-cover- 
ed  wooden  doors  v::.  hollow  steel  doors.  It  further  deals  with 
mouldings  and  tlnish  in  iv.etal  designed  to  eliminate  combustible 
trim. 


CONSTRUCTION 


281 


CONTRACTORSand  SUB-CONTRACTORS 

As  Supplied  by  The  Architects  of  Buildings 
Featured  in  This  Issue 


Building,   The   Provincial    Normal   Shocol,   Victoria,   B.C. 

Brick,   Nanaimo  Pressed  Brick  Co..  Nanaimo,  B.C. 

Boilers.  Colburn  Plumbing  and  Heating  Co..  yictona    B.C.. 

Blackboards  slate  (English  black  slate),  W.  N.  O  Neill  Co.,  Van- 
couver, B.C.  ... 

Casements  and  window  construction,  Henry  Hope  &  bons,  L,ia. 

Chimnevs.  concrete  work,  Luney  Bros.,  lAd.,  Victoria,  B.C. 

Doors  and   window   trim,   ].,enion   &  Gonnason,  Victoria,   B.C. 

Klectric  fixtures,   Hawkins   &   Hayward.   Victoria,    B.C. 

Electric    time    system,    Trumbull    Electric    Mfg.    Co. 

Hoists  (ash  hoist),  Gillis  &  Geoghegan. 

Expanded  metal,  "Self-centering  Mfg.  General  FireprooHng  Co., 
Youngstown,    Ohio;    Canadian   agent,    Clarence    W.    Noble,    lo- 

Fire  alarm  system,  Hawkins  &  Hayward,  Victoria,  B.C. 

Fire  doors,   Kinneer  Mfg.   Co.  „,     .     .      .        t,  ,^ 

Fire  escapes.  Westminster  Iron  Works,  New  Westminster,  B.C. 

Flooring,  l^uney  Bros.,  Ltd.,  Victoria,  B.C.  „.     ,         ,  ,, 

Fittings  (steel  lockers),  Dennis  Wire  and  Iron  Works;  (wood). 
Lemon  &  Gonnason,  Victoria,   B.C. 

Glass.  W.  N.  O'Neill  Co.,  Vancouver. 

Hardware    (Yale    &  Towne).   Prior   &   Co.,   Vancouver. 

Heat  regulating  system.  Powers  Regulator  Co. 

Interphone  system,   Hawkins  &   Hayward,    Victoria,    B.C. 

Laundrv    dryer.    Canton    Clothes   Dryer   Co.,    Canton,    Ohio. 

Marble,'  toilet  division  and  shower  baths,  Alaskan  Tokeen  (W  . 
N.    O'Neill   Co.,    Vancouver). 

Ornamental  iron,  Westminster  Iron  Works,  New  Westminster, 
B.C. 

Paints,  B.   .v.   Paint  Co. 

Plumbing,  Mott  Co.  of  Canada. 

Plaster  work,  Luney  Bros.,  Ltd.,  Victoria.  B.C. 

Reinforcements,    Twisted    Steel. 

Radiators,  Colburn  Plumbing  and  Heating  Co..  Victoria. 

Roofing,   Welsh    Slate. 

Stone.   Dennian  Island  Stone  Co. 

Structural  iron  and  Steel,  Canadian  Northwest  Steel  Co.,  Van- 
couver, B.C. 

Tile  work  and  fireplaces,  W.  N.  O'Neill  Co.,  Vancouver. 

Vacuum    cleaners.    Barker   &   Cruise,    Vancouver.    B.C. 

Contractors  (general),  Luney  Bros.,  Ltd..  Victoria,  B.C. 


Building,    Ryerson    School,    London,    Ort. 

Brick.  Interprovincial  Brick  Co. 

Boilers,  E.  Leonard  &  Sons.  London. 

Casements  and  window  construction,  also  doors  and  window 
trim,  Dyment-Baker  Lumber  Co.,   London,  Ont. 

Concrete  work,  John  Hayman  &  Sons,  Ltd.,  general  contractors 

Electric  fixtures.  Benson  &  Wilcox. 

Electric  wiring  and  apparatus.   Electric  Construction   (.  o. 

Expanded  metal.  Trussed  Concrete  Steel  Co. 

Fire  alarm   system.   Benson  &   W^ilcox. 

Fire  doors,   Dennis  Wire  and   Iron  Co. 

Flooring.  Seaman-Kent,  Meaford. 

GlaiiS.   Hobbs  Mfg.   Co.,    London;   Crown   JIfg.   Co. 

Har^.ware.  Springer  Mfg.  Co..  Belleville;  Hobbs  Hardware  Co., 
London. 

Heat  regulating  system.   Powers  Regulator  Co.,   Toronto. 

Interior  fittings,  cabinet,  woodwork  and  decoration,  Dyment- 
Baker  Lumber  Co.,  London,  Ont. 

Interphone  system.   Northern  Electric,  Montreal. 

Ornamental   iron,    Dennis   Wire   and   Iron   Works,   London. 

Paints,     International    Varnish     Co. 

Plumbing,  Standard  Ideal,  Standard  Sanitary,  Eggett  &  Co., 
plumbing    contractors. 

Plaster  work,   McW'aine   &  Glade,   London. 

Pow^er  machinery,  Canadian  Sirocco,  Walkerville. 

Radiators,    W'arden    King,    Montreal. 

Stone.  -V.   E.   Nobbs  Co..  London. 

Structural  iron  and  steel,  Canadian  Bridge  Co.,  Walkerville 

Tile,  Italian  Mosaic  and  Marble  Co. 

Varnish.    International    Varnish    Co. 

Ventilating  system.   Canadian   Sirocco.   Walkerville. 

Contractors,  John  Hayman  &  Sons,  London. 


Building,   Bishop  Strachan  School,  Toronto,  Ont. 

Boilers,  Jenckes  Machine  Co.,  St.  Catharines. 

Carpets,  rugs  and  furniture,   Murray-Kay,   Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Casements,   Henry  Hope  &   Sons,   Limited,   Toronto. 

Electric  fixtures,  R.  A.  L.  Gray  &  Co.,  Toronto. 

Electric  wiring  and  fire  alarm  system,  Bennett  &  Wright,  To- 
ronto. 

Electric  clocks,  Self-Winding  Clock  Co.,   New  York. 

Fuel  Economizers,  Burk  Smokeless  Furnace  Co.,  Chicago. 

Flooring  and  fittings.  Welter  &  Co.,   Toronto. 

Hardware,  Alkenhead  Hardware,   Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Laundry  machinery,  American  Laundry  Machinery  Co..  Ltd.,  To- 
ront). 

Paints.   Faircloth  Co..  I.,lmited,  Toronto. 

Plumbing  and   heating.    VV.   J.    McGuire.    Ltd.,   Toronto. 

Plaster  work,   R.   C.   Dancy.   Toronto. 

Refrigeration  equipment,  John  Hillock  &  Co.,  limited,  Toronto. 

Refrigeration  machniery,  Lindc  Canadian  Refrigeration  Co., 
IJmited,   Toronto. 

Radiators,    Steel    and    Radiation   Co.,    Limited,    Toronto. 

Roofing,  G.   Duthie  &  .Sons,   Limited,   Toronto. 

Stone,    Page    &    Co.,    Torontot 

Vaults,  J.  J.  Taylor,  Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Ventilating  system,   Sheldons   Limited,   Toronto. 


Building,  Oe  La  Salle  Training  College.  Oak  Ridges.  Ont 

Brick    (|>lain).    .lo' n    Price. 

Boilers,    The   John    Ingtfs  Co..   Ltd. 

Carpets  and   rugs.   Robert   Simpson    Co..    Ltd. 


Ca::oments  and  window  construction.  Trussed  Concrete  Steel  Co.. 
Ltd. 

Chimneys,    The   Custodis   Co..    Ltd. 

Concrete   work,    Thomson    Bros. 

Electric  fixtures,  Robert  .Simpson  Co..  Ltd. 

Electric  wiring  and  apparatus,  A.  Rice  &  Co. 

Fire    doors.    The    Byrone   Co. 

Interior  fittings.  Berlin  Interior  Hardwood  F'inish  Co. 

Hardware.    Canada   Hardware   Co. 

Cabinet,   woodwork,   Geo.    L.    Robinson. 

Interphone  system.  Northern  Electric  Co..   Ltd. 

Laundry    machinery,   Toronto  Laundry  Machinery   Co. 

Marble,  Mississquoi  Marble  Co.,  Ltd. 

Paints,  Chisholm   &  Hume. 

Plumbing  (hath  fittings,  sanitary  fixtures,  faucets),  W.  J.  Mc- 
Guire. 

Plaster  work   (ceiling).  Grant  &  Co. 

Refrigeration  e(|Uipment,  John  Hillock  &  Co.,  Ltd. 

Refrigeration  machinery.  Canada  Ice  Machine  Co..  Ltd. 

Power  machinery  (motors).  General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co..  Ltd.; 
(pumps),   National   Equipment  Co.,  Ltd. 

Reinforcements.    Bains   &   Peckover,    Ltd. 

Radiators  (manufacturers),  American  Radiator  Co.,  Ltd. 

Roofing,   A.   Mathews.   Ltd. 

Stone   (artificial).    Peerless   Art  Stone;    (natural),  John   Vokes. 

Tile.    Mississquoi    Marble    Co. 

Water  tank.  National  Equipment  Co..   Ltd. 

Contractors  (general),  Thompson  Bros. 

Desks,  seats,  Canada  Office  and  School  Furniture  Co..  Preston. 

Blackboards.   Geo.    M.    Hendry   Co..    Ltd. 

Ice  plant.  Canada  Ice  Machine  Co. 

Bronze    work.    Patterson    &    Heward. 

Linoleum,   Robert  Simpson  Co..  Ltd. 


TECHNICAL    SOCIETIES. 

ALBERTA  ASSOCIATION  OF  .VRCHITECTS.— President. 
Jas.  A.  Henderson,  F.R.I.B.A..  Edmonton;  Hon.  Secretary.  W.  D. 
Cromarty.    Edmonton. 

ARCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 
— President,  R.  Mackay  Fripp;  Secretary.  Fred  L.  Townley.  32 j 
Homer  St.,   Vancouver,   B.C. 

CANADIAN  CEMENT  AND  CONCRETE  .ASSOCIATION.— 
President,  Peter  Gillesi)ie,  Toronto,  Ont.;  Secretary-Treasurer, 
Wm.   Snaith.   The  Thor  Iron   Works,   Toronto,    Ont. 

CANADIAN  CL.VY  PRODUCTS'  MANUF.\CTURERS'  AS- 
SOCIATION.—JPresident,  J,  B.  Frld,  Hamilton;  Secretary-Trea- 
surer, G.  C.  Keith,  Toronto. 

CANADIAN  ELECTRICAL  ASSOCIATION.— President,  Col. 
D.  R.  Street.  Ottawa;  Secretary,  Alan  Sullivan.  Confederation 
Life    Building,    Toronto. 

CANADI.VN  FORESTRY  ASSOCIATION.— President,  WMlliam 
Power,  M.P. ;  Secretary.  James  Lawler,  Journal  Building.  Ottawa. 

CANADIAN  GAS  ASSOCIATION.— Presldirnt,  R.  A.  Wallace, 
Quebec.  Que.;  Secretary-Treasurer,  Geo.  W.  Allen,  10  Toronto 
St.,   Toronto,   Ont. 

CANADIAN  INDEPENDENT  TELEPHONE  .ASSOCIATION. 
—President,  W.  Doan.  M.D.,  Harrietsville.  Ont.;  Secretary- 
Treasurer.   Francis   Dagger.   21    Richmond  Street  West,   Toronto. 

CANADIAN  INSTITUTE.— 198  College  Street,  Toronto. 
President,  J.   B.  Tyrrell;   Secretary.   Mr.   J.   Patterson. 

CANADIAN  NATIONAL  .ASSOCIATION  OF  BUILDERS' 
EXCHANGES. — Western  Section — President.  C.  R.  Frost,  609 
Second  St.,  Edmonton,  Alta.;  Secretary-Treasurer,  A.  M.  Frith. 
224  McDougall  Ave..  Winnipeg.  Eastern  Section — President, 
Geo.  Gander,  Toronto;  Secretary-Treasurer,  P.  L.  Fraser,  Build- 
ers'   Exchange,    Toronto. 

CAN.ADIAN  SOCIETY  OF  CIVIL  ENGINEERS.— President. 
G.  H.  Duggan,  Montreal;  Secretary.  Prof.  C.  H.  McLeod.  Mont- 
real. 

LONDON  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President.  A.  C.  Nobbs. 
Secretary-Treasurer,   F.    S.    Barclay. 

ONTARIO  ASSOCl.ATION  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— Presi- 
dent, T.  R.  Wright,  London,  Ont.;  1st  Vice-Pres..  C.  T.  Pearse, 
Hamilton;  2nd  \'ice-Pres..  A.  Tomlinson,  Chatham;  Treasurer, 
Geo.   Oakley.  Jr.,   Toronto;   Secretary,  A.    B.  Flower,  Toronto. 

M.ANITOBA  ASSOCl.ATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— President. 
Col.  J.  B.  Mitchell  Winnipeg;  Secretary-Treasurer,  R.  G.  Han- 
ford. 

MONTREAL  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  John 
Quinlan;    Secretary,    D.    K.    Trotter. 

ONTARIO  ASSOCl.ATION  OF  .ARCHITECTS.— President.  C. 
H.  Acton  Bond.  Toronto;  Treasurer,  J.  P.  Hynes,  Toronto;  Sec- 
tary,  R.    L.   Wolsey,   Toronto. 

PROVINCE  OF  QUEBEC  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS. 
—President,  E.  B.  Staveley,  Quebec;  Treasurer,  N.  Mac  Vicar, 
Montreal;  Secretary,  J.  Emile  Vanier,  5  Beaver  Hall  Sciuare, 
Montreal. 

QUEBEC  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  J.  A.  Mari- 
er;    Secretary-Treasurer,    .Alf.    Cote. 

ROYAL  ARCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  C.VN.ADA.- 
President,  H.  C.  Russell,  Winnipeg.  Man.;  Hon.  Secretary,  Alcide 
Chausse.  No.  5  Beaver  Hall  Square,  Montreal.  Que. 

S.ASK.ATCHEW.AN  ASSOCIATION  OF  .VRCHITECTS.- 
President,  W.  G.  Van  Egmond,  Regina;  Vice-Presidnts,  A.  G. 
Creighton,  Prince  Albert;  R.  M.  Thompson.  Saskatoon;  Secre- 
tary-Treasurer. F.  W.  Knight,  care  of  Storey  &  Van  Egmond, 
Regina;  Council.  Prof.  .A.  R.  CJreig.  Saskatoon;  R.  G.  Bunyard. 
Moose   Jaw;    H.    Cooper,    Saskatoon. 

SOCIETY  OF  CHEMICAL  INDUSTRY.— Wallace  P.  Cohoe. 
Chairman;  Alfred  Burton.  Toronto.  Secretary. 

TECHNICAL  SOCIETY  OF  PETERBOROUGH.— Bank  of 
Commerce  Building.  Peterborough.  President.  M.  C.  Mills.  P.O. 
Box    995.    Peterborough,    Ont. 

TORONTO  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— President,  S,  R. 
Hughes;   Secretary,   A.   B.   Flower. 

UNION  OF  CANADIAN  MUNICIPALITIES.— President,  T. 
L.  Church,  Mayor  of  Toronto,  Ont.;  Hon.  Secretary-Treasurer. 
W.  D.  Lighthall.  K.C..  ex-Mayor  of  Westmount;  Asst.  Secretary. 
G.    S.    Wilson,    Coristine    Building,    Montreal. 


14 


CONSTRUCTION 


Owing  to  pressure  of  business  we 
are  not  at  the  Exhibition  this  year,  but 

We  shall  be  pleased  to  have 

YOU 

inspect  our  new  showrooms 

when  visiting  the  exhibition 
THE  CANADA  METAL  CO.,  LIMITED 

AVENUE     TORONTO      STREET     EAST     DUFFERIN 


"h' 


September,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  9 


CONTENTS 

BRONZE    IN     ARCHITECTURE     285 

NEW    CUSTOMS     EXAMINING    WAREHOUSE.     MONTREAL     289 

ART    AT    THE    NATIONAL    EXHIBITION     293 

THE    RE-MODELLED    BIRKS    BUILDING.    WINNIPEG    295 

HISTORIC    RE-LAYING    OF    CORNER    STONE 296 

THE     NEW     QUEBEC     BRIDGE     298 

ROYAL     ARCHITECTURAL     INSTITUTE     OF     CANADA      301 

EDITORIAL      306 

<TOvernnient'.s   Lark   of  Palrioti.siii. 

AN    ANOMALOUS   SITUATION    REQUIRES   ACTION    307 

CORRESPONDENCE    308 

CONSTRUCTION    NEWS    312 

Full    Page    Illustrations 

ARTISTIC    DOORWAY.    BUILT    ABOUT    1750.    OF    WHITE    PINE    284 

RE-MODELLED     BIRKS     BUILDING.     WINNIPEG     sj 294 


H.   GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

GRAPHIC  ARTS  BLDG.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

BK.\.\CH  OKFICBS 


MONTREAL 


NEW  YORK 


AirilSIK     DOOHWAV 

lu'ii/i  AHorr  IToO 

OK  WliriK  I'lXK. 


Bronze  in  Architecture 

Interest    in    Bronze    Work.  Stimulated  by  the  Establishment  of  Bronze  Statuary  Casting. 


17^  UK  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  this  couu- 
try  tlie  art  of  bronze  casting',  whioli 
readied  its  zenitii  niider  tiie  Florentine  Masters, 
is  being  cultivated.  The  part  played  by  bronze 
in  the  deveio[)nient  of  civilization  is  indicated 
by  tlie  fact  that  a  wliole  period  or  era  of  the 
human  race  is  known  as  tlie  Bronze  Age.  It 
was  the  cycle  iiinnediately  followinj>-  the  crude 
stone  age  and  preceding  the  age  of  iron,  which 
brings  us  down  to  the  present,  a  heterogeneous 
I)eriod  of  many  ]>liases,  but  still  the  iron  age. 
The   bronze  of  classical   aiiti(iuity   consisted 


made,   as    is   proven    from    discovered   relics. 

The  Assyrians  are  recognized  as  the  first  to 
introduce  the  casting  of  bronze  into  the  making 
of  statuary.  Remains  of  Assyrian  statuar\ 
have  been  found  containing  a  core  of  iron, 
which,  owing  to  the  difference  in  the  coefficient 
of  expansion  and  contraction  of  the  iron  and 
bronze,  was  not  satisfactory. 

The  Greek  artists  were  pioneers  in  the  art  of 
casting  bronze  hollow,  the  introduction  of  this 
method  being  a  great  gain  to  scul])ture.  It  en- 
abled models  of  clay,  which  could  be  made 
quickly,  to  be  accurately  rejiroduced,  although 


BRONZE    FialKE,    SIX    FEET     HIGH,    BOY     WITH     TIRKEY, 
FOfNTAIN    MAISONNEI'VE    MARKET. 

cliiefiy  of  copper,  with  an  alloy  of  one  or  more 
of  the  metals,  tin,  zinc,  lead  and  silver,  the  char- 
acter of  the  alloy  clianging  as  times  changed  or 
as  was  re(|uired  for  different  i)ur))oses.  The 
Greeks  used  bronze  for  coins  consisting  of  an 
alloy  of  coi)i)er  and  tin  up  to  400  B.C.,  after 
which  lead  also  was  introduced.  The  Romans 
also  used  lead  for  a  time  as  part  of  their  bronze 
alloy  for  coins.  Tlie  earliest  employment  of 
bronze  for  artistic  jiurposes  was  to  hammer  it 
out  into  thin  plates,  which  were  fastened  to- 
getlier   witli   nails.     The  first   statues  were  so 


BRONZE    FIGLRE,    SI.K    FEET    HIGH,    BOY     WITH    NET   AND    FISH, 
FOUNTAIN    MAISONNEUVE    MARKET. 

the  difficulty  and  expense  of  this  process  placed 
it  at  a  disadvantage  as  compared  with  marble. 
It  was,  however,  frecjuently  employed,  and  in 
the  case  of  large  statues  it  had  no  rival. 

The  Colossus  of  Rhodes,  a  figure  of  the  sun 
god  Helios,  and  one  of  the  seven  ancient  won- 
ders of  the  world,  said  to  be  one  hundred  and 
five  feet  high,  was  an  example  of  the  utmost  that 
art  could  do  with  bronze.  Tt  was  thrown  down 
by  an  eartluiuake  after  standing  fifty-six  years. 
A  bronze  statue  of  Zeus  at  Tarentum  was  sixty 
feet  high. 


285 


Jii(, 


CONSTRUCTION 


Tlif  eaiTu'st  c'stal)Iisluiu'iit  lor  broiizf  roiiiul- 
iiijf  of  iiiiy  t'xtt'iit  was  carried  on  on  tlic  (Irook 
Islanil  of  Dclos,  and  next  to  that,  llic  Island  ol' 
.\t'j>ina.  At  the  tinio  of  the  sculptors  .Myron 
and  Polyclclu-;  a  rivalry  existed  hetween  these 
two  places,  eacli  sculptor  prel'errini;-  the  hronze 
Ironi  a  dirterent  source.  The  bronze  of  Corinth 
was  more  celel)rated  than  either.  It  was  snp- 
jiosed  to  have  been  obtaineil  by  the  ineltinf''  to- 
j^etlier  of  statues  of  bronze,  jyold  and  silver  at 
the  burning-  of  tlie  town.  F^liny,  referrinj;'  to  tiie 
bronze  of  Corinth,  said  it  was  more  precious 
tiian  silver,  its  value  approaching  that  of  jyold. 
With  the  exception 
of  statuettes,  cande- 
labra, mirrors  and 
bronze  vessels,  only 
a  few  fra.n'uients  re- 
main of  tlie  vast 
number  of  bronze 
statues  by  ancient 
sculptors.'  One  of 
the  most  notable  of 
these  is  the  colossal 
bronze  head  of  Ve- 
nus in  the  British 
Museum. 

The  ai't  of  bronze 
casting',  which  had 
sunk  wi'th  tlie  By- 
zantine KiUipire,  was 
revived  in  the  elev- 
enth century.  In 
the  twelfth  century 
it  was  taken  up  in 
Italy.  Althoui>h  in- 
teresting works  of 
this  kind  exist  from 
the  tliirteentii  and 
fourteenth  centui-ies, 
it  was  not  until  the 
tifteenth  tliat  the  art 
obtained  its  com- 
l)lete  mastery  under 
tlie  Florentine  art- 
ists. Since  then  the 
order  of  sculpture 
in  bronze  lias  re- 
verted to  the  produc- 
tion  of    statues     and    groups     in     the     round. 

iiecause  of  the  ancient  associations  connected 
witii  tiu>  history  of  bronze  casting  and  its  rela- 
tion to  the  development  of  art,  i)articul<ir  in- 
terest attaches  to  the  initiation  of  bronze  casting 
in  Canada.  Statuary  founding  ju-omises  to  open 
up  a  new  field  to  Canadian  craftsmen.  Naturally 
the  cost  of  statuary  founding  in  Canada  i-^ 
higiier.  l)ut  sculptors  have  shown  their  willing- 
ness 1(1  patronize  the  Canadian  industry,  even 
at  tlu"  iiei-i'ssary  liigher  cost,  tlins  putting  it  on  a 
secure  footing',  and  showing  that  tiie  Kuropean 
contlift    iii.iv    Imve    some    innnediate    economic 


BItO.SZK    CliOlF,     MAISO.NXKIVK    BATH     HUV.SE. 


compensation    for    ns    in    stimulating   imlnstry. 

I'lloCKSS  Ol-   MANl'KACTUKi;. 

Tile  old  method  of  bronze  casting,  known  as 
(■In-  prnlit,  was  to  use  wax  for  the  thickness  of 
the  statue  between  the  core  an  I  the  mould,  wiiic'n 
was  of  baked  clay.  The  wax  was  melted  and 
poured  off  before  the  metal  was  run  in,  the  core 
and  mould  being  held  apart  by  stays  of  iron 
wire.  In  modern  practice  large  works  are  never 
cast  in  one  piece. 

The  present  practice  is  to  make  the  model  in 
jdaster  and  to  build  around  it  piece  moulds  of 

Caen  sand  from  one 
an<l  one-half  to  two 
inches  thick,  the  size 
of  the  pieces  being 
determined  by  the 
siiape  and  character 
of  tlie  |)ositi()ns  tliey 
oocujiy.  These  pieces 
are  backed  by  plas- 
ter of  jiaris  to  about 
one  foot  in  thickness, 
with  indentations 
cut  in  their  horizon- 
tal thickness  into 
which  the  succeed- 
ing portion  of  the 
mould  fits.  The 
mould  is  then  taken 
to  pieces,  dried  and 
rebuilt  in  the  casting 
pit.  It  is  then  filled 
with  core  comi)osi- 
tion  in  a  licjuid  state, 
and  when  this  is  suf- 
ficiently hardened, 
again  taken  to 
pieces.  The  core 
thus  obtained  is 
thoroughly  d  r  i  e  d 
and  reduced  in  size 
by  scraping  away  as 
much  of  the  material 
as  would  represent 
the  thickness  of  the 
metal  to  be  cast. 
This  done,  the  mould  is  again  built  up  over  tli:- 
core. 

The  ordinary  method  of  melting  bronze  is  by 
means  of  a  reverberating  furnace.  Copper  is 
first  uielted  with  small  charcoal  or  coke,  after 
wliicli  tin  is  rapidly  thrust  down  to  the  bottom 
of  the  inolten  mass.  The  mould  as  described 
above  is  now  ready  for  tlie  metal  which  is 
poured  in  in  the  ordinary  inanner.  When  the 
casting  is  removed  from  the  mould  it  is  turned 
over  to  artists  who  eliminate  all  roughness,  add- 
inii'  sharpness  and  detail  where  necessary. 
Illustrations  shown   in  tliis  article  repre.sent 


CONSTRUCTION 


287 


largt4v  the  work  of  Mr.  Alfred  Laliberto,  sculp- 
tor ofMontreal,  being  figures  for  the  large  cen- 
tral retail  market  at  Maisonneuve,  suburb  of 
Montreal.  The  grouj)  finished  weighs  about 
seven  thousand,  five  hundred  and  nineteen 
pounds. 

THE    WORK    rrSELF. 

The  principal  figure,  a  Canadian  peasant  wo- 
man, carrying  on  her  arm  a  large  and  well  filled 
basket  of  "fruit  and  vegetables,  stands  nine  feet 
two  inches  high,  and  weighs  about  2,000  pounds. 
The  figure  was  cast  in  four  sections  and  was 
entirely  successful. 

To  execute  this  large  figure  was  an  extraor- 
dinary piece  of 
work.  It  would 
have  been  con- 
sidered so, even 
in  a  B  e  I  g  i  a  n 
foundry.  But  it 
was  done  in  the 
most  workm ■All- 
like  m  a  n  n  e  r, 
with  a  great  de- 
gree of  facility. 
A  jocular  work- 
man gave  it  the 
name  of  "Liz- 
zie," and  by 
that  name  it 
was  known  in 
the  factory 
from  start  to 
finish  of  the 
job. 

This  figure  is 
supported  on  a 
large  marble 
b-ise.      On  each 
of  the  points  of 
Miis  is  the  figure 
of  a  boy,  weigh- 
ing about  1,200 
pounds.      ( )  n  e, 
nearly  six  feet 
tall,  has  a  net  over  his  shoukler  and  a  large  fish 
in  his  arms.    The  second  boy  is  leailing  a  calf 
and  the  third  is  struggling  with  a  tuikey.     At 
the  base  of  the  figure  are  three  large  frogs,  the 
mouths  of  which  form  water  spouts. 

At  intervals  around  the  base  are  six  large  and 
three  smaller  turtles,  the  larger  ones  weighing 
about  200  pounds  and  the  smaller  ones  100 
pounds  each.  Each  of  the  large  turtles  was  cast 
in  seven  pieces,  making  forty-two  moulds.  The 
smaller  turtles  needed  only  two  moulds  each. 

The  special  work  had  to  he  done  outside  the 
regular  work  and  caused  no  small  niuouut  of 
Work  and  planning,  handling  six-Ion  moulds  and 
melting  enormous  (piantities  of  bronze  so  as  not 


to  interfere  with  other  pieces.  Every  detail  had 
to  be  figured  closely  and  every  minute  operation 
rvm  to  exact  schedule.  The  largest  single  cast- 
ing weighed  1,400  pounds  with  gates  and  sprues. 


'LIZZIK,  ■     THK     rRINCll'AI,     KICIKK     AT    THK 

MAISON.NEl'VE     MARKET     PLACE     FOVXTAIX, 

NINE  FEET   HIGH. 


Building  Restrictions  in  England 

The  new  defence  of  the  realm  regulation,  by 
which,  on  and  after  July  20th,  1916,  all  the 
building  and  construction  work  is,  with  cer- 
tain exceptions,  prohibited,  is  considered  by 
those  engaged  in  the  building  trades  as  designed 
for  the  regulation  of  the  steel  so  largely  used 
in  building  construction,  to  enable  the  best 
use   to   be    made    of    the    materials    available. 

The  York- 
shire  Observer 
states  that  in- 
quiries among 
representatives 
of  the  building 
and  allied 
trades  in  Brad- 
ford show  that 
the  staple  trade 
of  the  city  may 
,  be  affected  by 
the  new  order, 
unless  conces- 
sions by  the 
Ministry  of  Mu- 
n  i  t  i  o  n  s  are 
m  a  (1  e.  The 
building  trade; 
for  t  w  e  1  \"  e 
months,  except 
for  m  u  n  i  t  i  on 
purposes,  have 
practically  been 
stagnant,  b  u  t 
there  are  in 
Bradford  sev- 
eral warehouses 
and  works  in 
course  of  con- 
struction which 
may  have  to  stand  unfinished  unless  permission 
for  i)rogress  with  tlie  work  can  be  obtained. 

As  to  the  future  of  the  buihling  trades  the 
same  publication  says  that  the  Yorkshire  Feder- 
ation of  Building  Trades  has  advised  its  mem- 
bers where  possible  and  desirable  to  endeavor 
to  contract  for  work  on  the  basis  of  fixed  ])rofit 
on  actual  cost  of  time  and  material,  adding  the 
cost  of  insui-ance  and  establishment  charges  on 
which  to  take  the  jx-rcentage  of  profit,  and  this 
plan  is  being  followi'd  by  unnierous  builders  in 
the  city. 

AiIccDice  ill  Cost  Due  to   M'nr  In  he   Atljiisled. 

Builders  are  also  inseiting  a  clause  in  their 

contracts,  stating  that  they  are  l)ased  upon  the 


LORD     DORCHESTER,    FOR     QUEBEC     PARLIA- 
MENT BIILDINGS,  EIGHT  FEET  HIGH. 


2K8 


CONSTRUCTION 


prices  of  iiiali'iials  and  the  rates  ol'  waj^es  pre- 
vailiiif;:  at  the  time  of  teiuleriiif;:,  and  providiiiju; 
tliat  any  j)r()ved  advaueo  in  cost,  unav()idal)ly 
and  exclnsively  due  to  war  coiulitions,  siiail  be 
adjusted  on  the  eoinpletion  of  the  work,  l)esi(k's 
allowinjj;  an  extension  of  time  wiiere  delay  in 
tiio  delivery  of  material  or  ^oods  is  due  to  war 
conditions. 

Tile  builder  does  not  anticipate  a  speedy  re- 
turn to  nornuU  conditions,  k)cally,  after  tlie  war 
is  over.  Tiu'  restoration  and  rebuilding  of  the 
war-devastated  countries,  wliicli  will  benefit 
those  who  tHi<e  a  hand  iu  it,  will  swaUow  uj)  no 
mean  proportion  of  tlie  available  supplies  of 
nmterials,  and  this  fact,  in  conjunction  with  tlu' 
restricted  shippinj-'  facilities  there  will  be  for 
some  time  after  the  conclusion  of  hostilities,  will 
tend  to  keep  up  tiie  prices  of  builders'  materials. 


Settler*'  Permits  For  Fires 

During  the  last  session  of  tlie  Legislature  of 
Quebec  several  amendments  were  made  to  the 
Fire  Act,  which  are  calculated  to  add  material- 
ly to  its  strength  aiul  efficiency. 

One  of  these  provisions  reipiires  that  settlers 
engaged  in  clearing  o|)erati(ms  must,  between 
April  1  and  Xovend)er  15  of  each  year,  secure  a 
l)urning  permit  from  an  antliorized  forest  officer 
before  setting  out  clearing  fires.  Wherever  this 
provision  is  i)ro])erly  enforced,  it  will  undoubt- 
edly efifect  a  very  material  reduction  in  the  for- 
est fire  loss.  One  of  the  most  serious  features 
of  the  fire  situation  throughout  Canada  is  the 
tendency  of  settlers  to  burn  debris  during  dry 
periods,  when  fire  is  likely  to  si)read  and  cause 
serious  damage.  A  similar  provision  is  urgently 
needed  in  Northern  Ontario,  where  there  is  i)rac- 
tically  no  control  of  settlers'  clearing  operations. 


V.-.-M'SV."  I  ION    ON    BALrSTllADE. 


•ANAIMAN     HFid.S/.K    CASTlN'l- 


Another  amend- 
ment to  the  Quebec 
Act  j»rovide8  that 
the  debris  from  set- 
tlers' clearing  oper- 
ations must,  before 
burning,  be  piled  in 
heaps  or  rows  at  a 
distance  of  at  least 
fifty  feet  from  the 
forest.  On  this  ba- 
sis, it  is  much  more 
practicable  to  con- 
trol the  fire  than 
where  the  old  meth- 
od of  broadcast 
burning  is  employed. 
Holders  of  timber 
licenses  on  Crown 
lands  are  re<juired  to 
clear  away  the  de- 
bris on  a  depth  of 
one  hundred  feet 
from  railway  rights 
of  way.  This  is  an  excellent  provision,  but 
should  be  maile  applicable  to  privately  owned 
lands  as  well.  In  many  cases,  the  efforts  of  rail- 
way companies  in  the  direction  of  fire  protection 
are  largely  neutralized  through  the  presence  of 
large  (piantities  of  the  most  inflammable  debris 
on  lands  inmiediately  adjacent  to  lailway  rights 
of  way. 

Another  excellent  i)rovision  of  the  new  Quebec 
Act  is  that  any  fire  ranger  or  other  forest  otficei- 
may  summon  any  nude  citizen  between  18  and 
55  years  of  age  to  assist  in  extinguishing  any 
forest  fire,  the  rate  of  pay  being  specified,  and 
penalty  i)rovided  for  failure  to  obey  sununons. 
The  fire  laws  of  the  Province  of  Quebec  are 

among  the  most  pro- 
gressive of  any  ])art 
of  Canada,  but  much 
I  a  r  g  e  r  ap|)ropria- 
tioTis  are  needed  to 
make  them  fully  ef- 
fective. In  particu- 
lar, ])r()vision  should 
be  made  for  a  nuic!i 
larger  staff'  of  in 
spectors.  The  pre- 
sent staff  is  not  suf 
ficient  to  exercise 
l)roper  supervi-^ion 
over  the  fire  rangers 
on  licensed  lands, 
nor  is  there  any 
ade(|uate  ))rovision 
made  for  the  pro- 
per protection  of 
Crown  lands  not  un- 
der license. 


New  Customs  Examining  Warehouse,  Montreal 

A    Lasting  Monument   Has   Been    Erected   in   this   Building  by  the  Dominion 
Government,  upon  McGill  Street,  Not  Far  From  the  River  Front. 


THIS  building-  was  structurally  finished  some 
time  ago,  and  is  now  nearly  fully  fur- 
nished, equipped  and  occupied,  and,  encased  in 
grey  granite  from  the  Laurentians  with  Wallace 
sandstone  to  the  upper  stories,  backed  with 
plastic  brick,  with  walls  in  places  some  nine 
feet  thick,  forms  a  massive  and  imposing  struc- 
ture. 

The  present  building  constitutes  rather  less 
than  half  of  a  block,  which,  with  the  proposed 


new  Customs  ilouse,  already  planned,  will  oc- 
cupy the  whole  of  a  city  site  bounded  on  all 
four  sides  and  with  frontages  to  four  streets, 
with  an  overall  length  exceeding  four  hundred 
and  sixty  feet. 

Extensive  and  difficult  operations  were  need- 
ed in  overcoming  obstacles  encountered  during 
the  foundations  work.  Hard  and  soft  clay, 
some  gravel,  strata  saturated  with  water,  evi- 
dences of  an  old  underground  stream  not  yet 


CMHTOMS    KXAMININll    WAHKHOI  SB,     MDNTliEAI.,    ylK. 


E.    1..    JlOKWOOl),   AKCIIITECT;   a.    II.    LAPltUr.E   ASSOCIATED. 


289 


C  O  A'  ^  /   K  u  c  y   /  O  N 


TYPICAL    FLOOlt,    Cl'.STOMS     KXAMlNlNi;      WAKEllOl.SK,     .MUXTKEAL,     Ql'E. 


extinct,  aiul  iiiiiiu'iist'  LoukU'i-s  l.eiweeu  them  ren- 
tlered  quite  useless  the  usual  methods  of  earry- 
inj;-  down  the  concrete  i)iers  u])on  which  tlie 
l)uihlini;-  was  to  stand.  Bottoms  of  excavations 
huiged  and  bubbled  upwards,  and  continued 
pumpinii:  threatened  to  l)rin<?  in  the  nei.iiid)orin.n' 
streets  and    affect    the  surroundin"-  l)uildin"s. 


Sheet  piling  was  replaced  by  patent  interlocking 
steel,  wli'ich  in  turn  was  crippled  as  soon  as  it 
met  tlie  harder  layers  an  1  in  no  case  could  be 
effectively  used  among  the  boulders  encounteied 
underground. 

To  overcome  the  difficulty   it   was  necessary 
to  sink  pneumatic  caissons,  blast  boulders  where 


:l:olMi     Kl.iioF:     I'I.AN.    i1STi>MS     K.\  am  IMNi;     WAUKHOrSK,     MONTIiKAI..   QI'K. 


K.    1-    ll(ll:W(ll)ll.   AltrillTKCT.-   A.    H.    LAIMEKRE,   ASS(K'IATKI). 


CONS   T  R  U  C   '/■  /  O  N 


291 


they  were  mot  with,  and 
oveiitually  bring  the  piers 
to  rest  upon  tlie  solid  rocl<, 
in  places  over  eighty  feet 
below  the  sidewalks.  In 
one  instance  a  boulder, 
passed  by  a  descending 
caisson,  became  intluenced 
by  the  movement  and  slow- 
ly turned  over,  crushing 
into  and  i)enetrating  tln^ 
caisson  through  the  side, 
and  necessitating  blasting 
and  lepairs  under  excep 
tionally  difficult  circum- 
stances. 

The  steel  construction 
rapidly  followed  as  soon 
as  the  piers  were  lev- 
elled off  and  the  grillages 
set. 

This  and  the  floors,  roof, 
walls  and  structure  gener- 
ally are  of  ))articular]y 
strong  and  sound  con- 
struction, and,  including 
fireproof  throughout.  Doors 
and  fire  resisting;  borrowed  lights  are  e(iuipi)ed 
with  wired  glass.  The  structural  steel  is  brick 
covered  in  tlie  walls  and  conci-ete  covered  in  the 
floors;  the  floors  are  in  reinforced  concrete,  that 
of  the  basement  being  twelve  inches  thick  and 
reinforced  in  two  directions  with  lialf-iiu'li  liars 
on  six-inch  centres  in  order  to  resist  an  upward 
thrust  from  the  sometimes  water-logged  soil. 
This  floor  and   the  basement  walls  are  water- 


E.\ I'KK.'^.'^    OFP'ICE,     CrSTOMS     EXAMINI.NO     WAKEHOl'SE,     MONTREAL,    QIE. 


the 


partitions,    aie 
ire   kalameined 


KLKVATOli    riiNTIilll.     ITSTd.MS    K\A  M  f  N  IXd     WATIKUCMSE. 


proofed  internally.  Upper  floors  have  a  heavy 
hardwood  finish  to  meet  the  severe  wear  and 
tear,  trucking  over,  etc.,  to  which  they  will  be 
subjected,  and  in  the  basement  the  waterproofed 
finish  luis  been  graded  to  drain  off  liciuids  from 
leaky  storage.  Land  drains  lead  tlie  water  in 
the  sub-soil,  from  all  i^arts  of  the  basement  to 
a  sumpi>it  in  the  boiler  room,  from  which  it  is 
ejected  into  the  drain  to  the  sewer  by  an  auto- 
matic cellar  drainer. 

Internally  the  warehouse  and  toilet  room 
walls  are  lined  in  pi-essed 
brick,  and  the  offices,  halls, 
staircase  and  coi'i-idors 
plastered.  A  suspended 
plaster  ceiling  on  metal 
lathing  protects  the  top 
„      .— j^— r  floor  from  heat  from  the 

I     -tss^^  roof,  and  suspended   ceil- 

I  ings  in  the  corridors  and 

I  toilet  rooms  provide  space 

I  for  nuich  unsightly  plumb- 

l~ — .. -^  -v^s*^  er's  work  and  piping,  at 
the  same  time  retaining 
easy  means  of  access. 

Marble  from  Canadian 
(jnarries  luis  been  exten- 
sively used  in  stair  treads, 
dadoes,  wall  linings  and 
plinths  in  the  main  stair- 
case, halls  and  corridors, 
lavatories  a  n  d  toilet 
rooms,  and  with  teri'azzo 
ilooring  in  these  positions, 
is  not  only  effective,  sani- 
tarv    and   easilv    cleaned. 


MOXTliEAl 


29i 


CONSTRUCTION 


but  it  also  foniiH  a  most  permanent  finish,  need- 
iiif?  no  periodical  attention,  as  do  so  many  other 
materials. 

Exterior  doors  to  warehouse  are  steel  roUin,u; 
shutters,  eounterhalanced  hy  sprinfj;  and  oper- 
ated by  stearin)?  necessitated  by  tlieir  size. 

Exterior  (h)ors  to  warehouse  are  Kinnear 
steel  rolliny;  shutters,  counterbalanced  by  si)rinjj: 
and  operated  by  jjfeariug  necessitated  by  their 
size. 

Considerable  exterior  and  interior  silazinf? 
has  been  ch)ue  in  steel  sashes. 

The  sanitary  system,  with  a  thousand-<?aIlon 
fiushometer  on  the  top  floor,  leaves  little  at  the 
mercy  of  careless  or  destructive  i)eople,  some- 
times found  to  misuse  conveniences  of  a  i)ublic 
building;'. 

Hot  water  to  the  basins  and  sinks  is  supplied 
by  a  separate  hot  water  heater  and  three-hun- 
dred fifallou  storaj^e  cylinder. 

Water  supplies  are  taken  from  the  city  mains. 

The  heatjinf?  has  been  specially  considered 
and  five  boilers  provided,  some  five  feet  in 
diameter  and  fourteen  feet  Ions?,  formins?  an  in- 
stallation calculated  to  meet  the  re(|uirement  of 
the  whole  block  when  finislied.  Part  of  these 
deal  with  the  existinsi-  buildinij,  with  steam  at 
low  pressure  circulated  to  the  various  radia- 
tors. 

Hiffh  tension  wires  have  been  brought  into 
the  building'  undei'g'round,  to  three  thirty  K.W. 
transformers.  froTu  which  they  proceed  to  the 
ireneral  distribntinu:  switcli  board  to  su])i)ly  the 
lij^htinsj;  current,  and  fi'om  which  i)anel  is  also 
controlled  the  power  wires  for  the  various 
elevators. 


MAIN    STAJKWAV,   CUSTOMS    EXAMINING     WAKEIIOISK,   MONTKEAL,  QUK. 

The  elevators  are  grouped,  with  two  for  i)as- 
sengers  oi)posite  the  entrance,  and  half  a  dozen 
larger  ones  for  freight  across  the  body  of  the 
building,  each  eight  feet  wide  and  ten  feet 
across,  generally  arranged  to  l)e  used  from 
either  side,  and  to  carry  loads  of  three  tons  at 
a  time.  The  passenger  machines  are  in  a  com- 
modious i-oom  in  the  basement,  and  the  freight 
machines  form  an  imposing  installation  in  their 
long  i)ent  house  over  the  roof. 


KLEVATOR    SHAfT,   CVSTOMS    EXAMINJNO     WAKPHOCSK,    MONTREAL,    QIE. 


Art  at   The  National   Exhibition 

Worl^  of  Famous  Artists  and  Sculptors  Represented. 


ri^HE  collection  of  paintings  and  sculpture 
1  adorning  the  Art  Gallery  this  year  sur- 
passes in  interest  and  significance  any  previous 
disjday  that  has  been  seen  in  this  country.  It 
embraces  the  entire  collection  of  the  work  of 
contemporary  French  artists  sent  by  the  Minis- 
try of  Fine  Arts  at  Paris  to  the  Panama-Pacific 
Exposition.  Taken  as  a  whole,  it  is  an  epitome 
of  what  has  been  accomplished  in  a  country 
where  art  is  honored  above  all  things,  in  the 
twentieth  century;  thougli  it  embraces  the 
achievements  of  veterans  whose  names  were 
established  decades  ago.  One  hundred  and 
forty  painters,  nine  etchers  and  engravers,  and 
twenty-two  sculptors  are  represented,  some  of 
them  by  numerous  examples. 

Everybody  with  a  cursory  knowledge  of  the 
history  of  art  has  heard  the  names  of  Claude 
Monet  and  Auguste  Renoir,  the  leaders  of  the 
impressionistic  movement  of  the  seventies,  and 
who  did  so  much  by  their  new  processes  in  the 
analysis  of  light  and  the  division  of  tones  to 
revolutionize  conceptions  of  painting.  Both  of 
these  veterans  are  represented  by  works  exe- 
cuted within  the  present  century.  Monet's  con- 
tribution is  a  painting  of  his  beloved  Vitheuil, 
which  shows  his  methods  in  brush  work  and  in 
treatment  of  atmospheric  tones  in  their  finest 
develojnnent.  Renoir's  canvass,  "Garden  in 
the  Rue  Corot,"  shows  the  remarkable  individu- 
ality of  his  sityle  and  his  brilliant  color  sense. 
Both  these  pictures  are  of  immense  value;  but 
impressionism  is  only  one  of  a  score  of  schools 
of  thought  that  are  represented. 

It  must  be  remembered  that  this  collection 
was  arranged  previous  to  the  outbreak  of  the 
war,  which  broke  out  four  months  before  the 
openiTig  of  the  San  Francisco  Pair.  Conse- 
(|uently  the  great  conflict  is  not  reflected  in  the 
beautiful  canvasses  that  will  adorn  the  walls  of 
the  Art  (hillcry.  licre  are,  however,  a  consider- 
able number  of  pictures  that  take  on  a  new  value 
and  significance  because  of  the  war.  This  is 
especially  so  oF  Paul  ITelleu's  architectural 
piece,  "Rheims  Cathedral,  Befoi-e  the  Bombard- 
ment," which  is  an  excjuisitely  i)ainted  interior 
showing  the  great  windows  of  medi-vval  jminted 
glass,  wantonly  destroyed  by  German  vandals. 
Helleu's  work  as  a  dry  paint  etcher  is  well 
known  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic,  and  his  amaz- 
ing mastery  of  detail  is  shown  in  this  woi'k. 
The  River  Marne,  wliei-e  the  defeat  of  German 
hopes  began,  figures  in  several  beautiful  can- 
vasses. Notable  among  these  is  Andre  Cha- 
puy's  "The  Banks  of  the  .Maine,"  whicii  is  tlie 
property    of    the    French    (iovernnient.      It    is 


painted  with  a  smoothness  of  brush  work  that 
is  masterly  and  shows  in  a  delightful  way  the 
life  of  the  river  side.  Another  picture  in  the 
same  field  is  Charles  Milcendeau's  "Washer- 
woman of  the  Marne."  The  poetic  appeal  of 
the  river  and  its  environs  is  shown  in  Georges 
Griveau's  "Silver  Thread  of  the  Marne."  An- 
other picture  with  a  geographical  significance 
for  all  of  us  is  Louis  Braquaval's  landscape, 
"The  mouth  of  the  Sonmie."  There  are  other 
fine  landsca])es  and  figure  ])ieces  showing  the 
life  of  Flanders  and  most  of  the  other  places 
that  have  been  stained  by  blood  in  the  great 
conflict. 

Among  other  notable  pictures  is  Felix  Vallo- 
tin's  portrait  group,  "Painters,"  which,  with 
its  hard  outlines  and  meticulous  study  of  faces, 
recalls  the  early  Flemish  school. 

One  of  the  most  attractive  of  nudes  is  "The 
Swan,"  by  J.  Francis  Aubertin.  It  shows  a 
nude  woman  caressing  a  graceful  bird,  and  is 
notable  for  its  harmony  of  line  and  poetry  of 
feeling.  One  of  the  most  interesting  of  the 
numerous  i)ortraits  is  "The  Lady  with  the  Hy- 
drangea," by  Henri  C'aro  Delvaille,  in  whicli 
the  painting  of  the  face  and  all  the  delicate  ac- 
cessories of  silks  and  flow^ers  is  exquisite  in 
(luality.  Two  other  notable  examples  of  jjor- 
traiture  are  Jaques  Emile  Blanche's  studies  of 
the  famous  novelist,  Henry  James,  and  of  the 
beautiful  actress  and  dancer,  Ida  Rubenstein. 
The  work  of  Boutet  de  Monvel  is  always  de- 
lightful in  its  harmony  of  line  and  delicacy  of 
coloring.  He  sends  two  fine  architectural  pieces 
of  a  decorative  character,  "The  Village"  and 
"The  Country  Town."  A  decorative  painter  of 
a  more  mystical  divergent  type  is  Maurice 
Denis,  whose  ornamentation  recalls  the  Renais- 
sance methods  of  Botticelli.  He  sends  no  less 
than  fourteen  pieces.  A  piquant  study  is  Jen 
Gabriel's  "The  Frog,  or  the  Interrupted 
Toilet,"  which  shows  a  lady  interrupted  by  the 
little  intruder  just  as  she  is  about  to  don  her 
garments. 

Canadians  have  been  so  starved  in  the  matter 
of  fine  sculpture  that  such  a  collection  as  that 
being  installed  at  the  Exhibition  is  a  boon.  Its 
most  notable  piece  from  the  standi)oint  of  jmb- 
lie  knowledge  is  a  bust  by  Auguste  Rodin,  the 
most  discussed  sculptor  of  the  day,  and  there 
are  other  beautiful  pieces  in  various  styles  by 
such  men  as  Henri  Bouchard,  Joseph  Bernard, 
Emile  Bourdelle  and  other  men  of  genius. 
Small  as  is  this  collection,  it  should  give  the 
visitor  enlarged  ideas  of  the  rich  jiossibilities 
of  sculpture. 


293 


294 


CONS   T  I<   U  C   /    /  O  N 


CONSTRUCTION 


WM 

J 

. .  ill  BPi  PR  J  E  -  - :  ^1  iiniP 

■imr"'ik:'i£h    On    :£]^    iift    a 

295 


DETAILS    CIK    FREIZK    AND     MEPAU-IONS,     RE-MOriEM,ED    RIRKS      ErlLnlNfi,    WINNIPEG,     MAN. 

The  Re-modelled  Birks  Building,  Winnipeg 

The  Accompanying  Illustrations  Show   What  Might  Be   Tevmed  "Before  and  After 
Taking"  Results  Due  to  Judicious  Partaking  of  the  Architects'  Prescription. 


THFj  old  yellow  huildiiii)-  lias  been  i-emodelieLl 
above  the  lower  stoi'-ey  in  terra  cotta  and 
stncco,  the  wall  surfaces  bein^-  in  the  latter  ma- 
terial, while  the  angle  i)iers  and  trimmings  gen- 
erally are  in  the  former.  It  should  be  noted  that 
there  has  been  no  change  in  the  wall  openings 
except  at  the  centre,  where  the  tower  has  been 
replaced  by  legular  window  units.  The  wall  is 
surmounted  by  a  jirojeoting  cornice  in  oak.  Be- 
low the  cornice  there  is  a  frieze  in  terra  cotta 
inlay  and  medallions  in  the  same  material  occur 
on  the  wall  below.  The  colors  used  in  the  terra 
cotta  inlays  are  red,  white,  butt'  and  black,  and 
the  heavy  dark  joint  between  the  pieces  is  used 
as  far  as  may  be  to  help  out  the  drawing,  as  is 
the  lead  in  stained  glass. 

The  designs  for  the  frieze  were  made  to  half 
full  size  by  Mr.  Nobbs,  with  advice  (m  the  subject 
matter  from  Prof.  Ramsay  Ti-a(piair  of  McGill 
Un  i  versity. 
The  company 
carrying  out 
the  terra  cot- 
ta work  in- 
vented a  most 
into  resting 
method  of  en- 
1  a  r  g  i  n  g  b.\- 
photography 
the  a  r  c  h  i- 
tects'  designs 
to  the  full 
size  terra  cot- 
ta scale. 

The  frieze 
o  n  Portage 
avenue  tells 
the  story  of 
the  meeting 
of  King  Solo 
mon  and  tlu; 
Q  u  e  e  n      of 


WINMI'KI 


Slu'ba.  The  central  group  represents  the  inon- 
archs  with  their  attendants,  the  Queen  kneeling 
in  salutaticm,  while  King  Solomon  presents  her 
with  a  necklace  of  pearls.  At  the  left  hand  end 
of  the  frieze  a  ship  lies  in  the  harbor  of  Tyre, 
while  on  the  right  are  seen  the  gates  of  .Jeru- 
salem. Reading  from  left  to  right,  the  first  in- 
cident shown  is  the  passing  of  the  gifts  by  the 
custom  authorities  at  Tyre,  Iliram,  King  of 
Tyre,  being  reinx'sented  as  taking  toll;  next  is 
shown  the  camel  on  which  the  (^ueen  may  be 
suj)posed  to  have  ridden,  jjreceded  by  a  negro 
carrying  a  parrot  and  an  Jndian  with  a  pea- 
cock. A  horse,  on  the  back  of  which  an  ape  has 
seated  himself,  is  next  in  order,  and  before  his 
groom  a  gigantic  negro  carries  a  tusk  of  ivory. 
The  master  of  the  apes  in  trouble  with  one  of 
his  charges  is  the  next  figure,  and  in" front  of  him 
is  the  Queen  and  her  attendants,  already  de- 
scribed. 

From  the 
other  end  we 
see  issuing 
fro  m  the 
gates  of  Jeru- 
salem part  of 
the  g  u  a  r  d. 
Before  them 
are  some  of 
the  ladies  of 
t  h  e  e,0'U  r  t 
c  e  1  e  bra  ting 
the  occasion 
with  dance 
and  son  g, 
while  the 
Pose  of  Sha- 
ron precedes 
them,  borne 
by  two  ne- 
groes w  i  t  h 
plumed  head- 


IT   AI'IlO.M.Kn    I'.l:! 


i,E-M(!:KI.MN( 


J06 


CONSTRUCTION 


(Irossi's  aiul  led  hy  a  body  of  kilted   wai  riois. 

Tlio  tliri'e  wise  inon  (the  first  an  luKtorian 
with  liis  scroll,  the  seeond  an  astr()!o«:('r  with  a 
divininjj;  rod  and  a  crystal  sphore,  the  third  a 
s})e('iilativo  |)liilos()i)her  re(iuirin«:  no  instru- 
mental aid  in  his  i)rot'es8ion)  follow  the  chariot 
from  whieli  the  Kin^'  has  just  descended  to  ni.ike 
his  n'ii't,  while  iiiiiiiediately  heliind  the  Kin^  two 
of  his  «uard  stand  at  attention.  The  owl  as  a 
synihol  of  knowledj>:e  is  shown  in  a  circle  iujinedi- 
ately  behind  the  monarch,  while  the  "lily  of  the 
field''  blooms  hard  by. 

On  the  six  medallions  between  the  arched  win- 
dows on  the  Portage  avenue  front  are  shown  the 
sources  of  the  i)recious  and  semi-precious  ma- 
terials used  in  the  jeweler's  art.    The  turquoise 


(  furkish  stone),  as  typical  of  the  semi-pi'eciinis 
stones,  occu[)ies  the  first  medallion  on  the  left; 
the  second  contains  an  elephant  for  ivoiy,  and  in 
the  third  a  mernmn  is  shown  diving  for  pearls. 
Fn  the  fourth  medallion  a  Kimberley  nej>:ro  seeks 
the  diamond,  in  the  fifth  the  semi  piccious  ma- 
terials, tortoise-shell,  coral  and  mothcr-or-peari 
are  rei)resented  by  a  wave  delivering-  its  riches 
on  a  tiopical  beach.  In  the  sixth  medallion  a 
Hiiome  occupies  himself  smeltini?  the  precious 
metals. 

On  Smith  street  the  decorations  generally  arc 
of  a  less  significant  character.  The  seventh  cir- 
cular medallion  of  tlie  series,  however,  shows 
a  silversmith  surrounded  by  tlie  tools  of  his 
craft. 


Historic  Re-laying  of  Corner  Stone 

Dul^e  of  Connaught  Performs   Historic   Ceremony.     Architects   Supervise    the   Operation. 

Copy   of   "Construction"   Amongst   Documents   Deposited,   Containing   Article 

on   Parliament   Buildings,  by    W .   A.    Langton,    O.A.A. 


A  X  event  of  interest  to  all  Canadians,  and 
jTV.  jiarticnlarly  to  tlie  architectural  and  con- 
tracting interests,  took  [)lace  at  Ottawa  on  Sep- 
tember 1-,  when  the  corner-stone  for  the  new 
Parliament  Building  was  laid  by  the  Duke  of 
Connaught  before  a  distinguished  gathering. 
Fifty-six  years  before,  also  on  September  1,  the 
corner-stone  was  originally  laid  by  the  late  King 
Kdward,  then  Prince  of  AVales. 


The  actual  operation  of  laying  the  corner- 
stone was  accom])lished  under  the  direction  of 
the  Dominion  consulting  architect,  David  De- 
wart;  John  A.  Pearson  and  J.  O.  Marchand. 
architects  for  the  new  structure,  and  Wm.  Lyall, 
])resident  of  P.  Lyall  &  Sons,  contractors  for  the 
building.  Those  present  at  the  ceremony  in- 
cluded the  Duchess  of  C/onnaught,  Princess  Pa- 
tricia, Sir    Robert    P)orden,    Honorable  Robert 


liE-I.AYlXi;    THE   CORNERSTONE    FOR    CANADA  S    NEW     HOl.SE    OF    PARLIAMENT    AT    OTTAWA. 

i\\   vliow^  the  ftTeinony  in  progress.     The  eonier-stono  is  conspicuous.     The  flags  are  on  the  front  of  the  Royal  tent.     Hi-   Koviil 
I  the  <t(>n»'.  is  in  the  centre:  Tlori.  Wohort  Rogers  to  his  right,  and  Premier  Borden  Iteliind  the  Duke  of  Connaught. 


CONSTRUCTION 


297 


Kogeis,  uucl  other  members  of  the  (jovermnent ; 
Ijieuteiiant-Governor  of  Ontario  Sir  John  Hen- 
(Irie;  Sir  Pierre  LeBlane,  Lieutenant-Governor 
of  Quebec;  Lieutenant-Uovernor  McKeen  of 
Xova  Scotia,  Lieutenant-Governor  McDonald  of 
Prince  Edward  Island,  tlie  Judges  of  the  Su- 
preme Court,  officers  of  tlie  Headquarters  Staff, 
and  other  Government  officials. 

This  unique  ceremony,  frauglit  with  such  in- 
terest to  all  (!anadians,  and  for  which  elaborate 
arrangements  had  been  made,  was  carried  out 
in  a  successful  manner.  The  ceremony  took 
place  sharp  at  12  o'clock,  when  His  Royal  High- 
ness, accompanied  by  tlie  Princess  Ijouise  Dra- 
goon (juard,  arrived  on  Parliament  Hill,  where 
they  were  received  by  a  Guard  of  ilonor  from 
the  Governor-General 's  Foot  Guards.  The  207th 
and  280th  Battalions  gave  a  further  military  as- 
pect to  the  scene. 

At  the  point  at  wliich  the  stone,  which  had 
served  on  a  similar  occasion  in  the  former  build- 
ings, was  to  be  laid,  a  tripod  derrick  was  in- 
stalled to  facilitate  lifting  the  heavy  cube.  The 
corner-stone  of  the  old  building  was  on  the  north 
side,  under  the  Senate,  and  just  where  the  li- 
brary joined  the  main  building.  The  new  loca- 
tion of  the  corner-stone  is  on  the  extreme  north- 
east corner  of  the  new  building,  some  100  feet 
farther  east.  The  old  stone  bore  the  inscri])tion  : 
"This  corner-stone  of  the  building,  intended  to 
receive  the  Legislature  of  Canada,  was  laid  by 
Albert  Edward,  Prince  of  Wales,  on  the  first 
day  of  September,  3860."  Underneath  the  old 
inscri])tion  on  the  stone  has  been  added  these 
words  :  "Relaid  by  his  brother,  the  Duke  of  Con- 
naught,  on  the  first  day  of  September,  1916." 

The  old  phial  was  again  placed  imder  the 
stone,  and  alongside  it  the  new  records  were 
placed  in  a  heavy  copper  receptacle. 

The  corner-stone  having  been  raised  by  der- 
rick, and  mortar  having  been  placed  upon  the 
base,  Hon.  Robert  Rogers  presented  His  Royal 
Tfighness  with  a  handsome  silver  trowel,  a  mal- 
let and  a  plumb  triangle.  "As  this  stone  was 
originally  laid  by  the  men  of  fifty-six  years 
ago,''  said  Hon.  Mr.  Rogers,  "in  an  abiding 
faith  in  tlie  future  greatness  and  development  of 
this  country,  so  we,  in  asking  Your  Royal  Higli- 
ness  to  honor  us  and  the  country  by  officiating 
u]ion  this  occasion,  are  inspired  with  a  determin- 
ation that  the  national  progress  which  has  been 
made  since  the  commencement  of  the  original 
building  shall,  under  the  blessing  of  Divine  Pro- 
vidence, be  continued  in  increasing  proj)ortions. 

"The  work  aecomi)lished  within  the  walls  of 
the  old  building  by  the  re])resentatives  of  the 
l)eople  of  Canada  during  the  years  of  its  occu- 
pation, will  evei-  remain  engraved  upon  the 
pages  of  the  nation's  history.  Just  what  pages 
will  be  contributed  to  history  by  the  legislators 
who  will  serve  the  countrv  witliin  the  walls  of 


the  building  now  being  erected  no  one  can  tell, 
but  we  all  devoutly  hope  that  they  will  be  pages 
replete  with  the  same  themes  of  i)rogress,  of 
courage,  of  devotion,  of  true  liberty,  and  of  loy- 
alty to  country,  flag  and  king 

His  Hoyal  Highness  levelled  the  surface  of 
the  mortar,  and  the  stone  was  lowered  into  posi- 
tion amidst  loud  ajjplause  and  the  ])laving  by  the 
band  of  "()  Canada." 

In  part.  His  Royal  Highness  said:  "Your 
Honors,  the  Right  Honorable  the  Prime  Minis- 
ter, ladies  and  gentlemen :  We  are  assembled 
here  to-day  on  the  occasion  of  a  great  ceremony 
connected  with  the  life-blood,  if  1  may  so  use 
that  expression,  of  the  Dominion  of  Canada.  T 
have,  at  your  recjuest,  just  laid  the  old  corner- 
stone of  the  Parliament  Buildings  of,  in  those 
days,  the  Province  of  Canada,  in  its  new  rest- 
ing-place. To-day  is  the  anniversary  of  the  lay- 
ing of  this  stone,  fifty-six  years  ago,  by  my  be- 
loved and  lamented  brother,  the  then  Prince  of 
Wales,  afterwards  King  F]dward  VIL  It  is  ])rob- 
ably  a  unique  occasion  for  a  brother,  after  an  in- 
terval of  more  than  half  a  century,  to  lay  the 
same  foundation  stone  that  was  laid  at  that 
time.  When  we  look  at  that  stone,  and  think  of 
all  it  represents,  and  of  the  changes  that  have 
taken  ])lace  since  it  was  first  laid,  we  recognize 
how  little  those  who  assisted  at  the  ceremony  of 
those  days  could  look  forward  to  the  great  pro- 
gress and  advancement  that  has  been  made  by 
the  great  Dominion  of  CJanada.  This  stone,  on 
which  rested  the  old  Parliament  Buildings, 
which  ]  personally  have  known  since  the  year 
18fif),  will,  1  hope,  continue  for  centuries  to  mark 
the  corner-stone  of  the  great  legislative  build- 
ings of  the  Dominion  of  Canada." 

Documents  deposited  in  the  corner-stone  in- 
cluded the  names  and  titles  of  Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernors and  members  of  the  Dominion  Cabinet, 
the  names  of  the  Speakers  and  members  of  the 
House  of  Commons  and  Senate,  a  short  state- 
ment relating  to  the  war,  the  names  of  the  rulers 
of  the  countries  which  are  the  allies  of  Great 
Britain,  the  names  of  the  architects  and  con- 
tractors, a  set  of  standard  coins,  gold,  silver 
and  coi)])er,  Canadian  ])ostage  stamps  of  the 
current  year,  copies  of  tlie  programme  and 
cards  of  invitation  for  the  ceremony,  copy  of 
the  191(i  edition  "The  Canadian  Parliamentary 
Guide,"  a  copy  of  Construction,  Vol.  "_'.  No  ], 
of  November,  1908,  containing  an  article  by  W. 
A.  Langton,  O.A.A.,  on  Canada's  national  build- 
ings, with  a  number  of  plates  showing  the  main 
architectural  features  of  the  old  Parliament 
Buildings,  copies  of  the  current  issues  of  the 
Ottawa  daily  newspapers,  annual  report,  1916, 
of  "The  Historic  Landmarks  Association  of 
(-anada,"  report  of  the  Royal  Commission  ap- 
])ointed  to  investigate  the  origin  of  the  disas- 
trous file  of  February  .3,  1916. 


_'AS 


CONSTRUCTION 


The  New  Quebec  Bridge 

Disaster  OvertaJ^es  the  Final  Operation  of  Completing  the  Most 
Important  Structure  in  Bridge-Malting  History. 


(^  |{IM  tniuc'dy  lia.s  set  a  lioavy  liaiid  on  the 
J  I'xpcit  efforts  to  span  tlie  St.  Ijawreiicc 
Uivcr  lU'ar  (^lU'lu'c.  Followiiiy;  tlii'  disaster  of 
1!)07,  wlieii  the  original  l)ridi;e  colla|)sed  witli 
lieavy  loss  of  life,  the  foremost  eiifi^iiieeriiig'  skill 
of  the  ooiiiitry  was  api>lied  to  secure  the  sue- 
cessful  eoinpletioii  of  the  present  structure.   On 


ill*.?  over  one  of  llie  eii;l  j^irders  upon  wliicli  the 
wrecked  s))an  rested. 

Tlic  principal  dimensions  of  tiie  hi'ida:e  are: 
liCUf^th  froui  shore  to  shore,  ;5,8!M)  feet;  width 
between  hutti-es.ses,  1,S()()  feet;  ienj<th  of  cen- 
tral span,  ()40  feet;  heij^ht  of  central  span  above 
river,  !.")()  feet.    There  were  two  railway  tracks, 


^-«t  ■* 


AI'l'EAIiANCE  OK  lililllGE,   NOVEMBEH,   191' 


the  morning  of  Septend)er  11th,  in  the  midst  of 
rejoicing;:  by  hundreds  of  disting'uished  specta- 
tors, when  the  success  of  the  final  operation, 
that  of  securing'  tiie  centi'e  span  in  i)lace,  seem- 
ed assured,  it  fell  without  warning,  causing  the 
di'ath  of  twelve  men.  The  direct  cause  is  not  yel 
deal'. 

It  is  believed  to  be  due  to  the  failui'e  of  a  cast- 


two  street  car  tracks,  and  two  roadways.  The 
bridge  has  a  channel  span  of  !)0  feet  longer  than 
the  Forth  Bridge,  Scotland,  which  has  previ- 
ously held  the  world's  record  in  that  resi)ect. 
The  weight  of  steel  in  the  bridge  was  180,000,- 
000  i)ounds,  and  the  cost,  $17,000,000.  The  si)an. 
which  seems  to  be  a  eomi)lete  wreck,  cost  mor>' 
than  $1,000,000. 


NI>I:T1{     ANfi    SdlTFI     KMIS    (IF    NKW    CJIKMKi'    IIIUIICK. 


CONSTRUCTION 


299 


After  the  disastrous  attempt 
to  erect  the  first  bridge  the  i)o- 
iiiinion  Government  decided  to 
reoonstruct  it.  The  Federal 
Railways  Department  ai)point- 
ed  a  commission  to  examine  the 
fallen  structure  and  to  make  a 
report  thereon.  The  gentlemen 
comprising  this  body  were 
Henrv  Holgate,  Montreal;  Prof. 
J.  G.G.  Kerry,  of  McGili,  Mcmt- 
real,  and  Dr.  John  Galbraith,  of 
Toronto  University.  Their  re- 
l)ort  was  so  instructive  that  a 
copy  of  it  was  asked  for  by  prac- 
tically every  prominent  seat  of 
learning  on  the  continent. 

Another  commission  was  aj)- 
jiointed,  in  whose  hands  was 
placed  the  nmnunoth  undertak- 
ing. The  commission  named 
was  comjiosed  of  II.  E.  Vautelet,  chairman,  of 
Montreal;  Kalph  Modjeski,  Chicago,  and  ^Mau- 
rice  Fitzmaurice,  chief  engineer  of  the  (/ounty 
Council  of  London,  P]ngland.    . 

Mr.  Fitzmaurice  I'esigned  and  Charles  Mc- 
Donald, formerly  of  (Jananoque,  Out.,  but  many 
years  one  of  the  leading  bridge  engineers  of 
the  United  States,  was  induced  to  go  on  the 
board  until  such  time  as  a  contract  had  been 


(IITER    K.NT)    (IF 


signed. 


Tenders  were  received  from  one  company 
in  Germany,  one  in  England,  two  in  the  United 
States,  and  from  the  St.  Lawrence  Bridge  Com- 
pany, the  last  named  being  a  union  of  two 
strong  Canadian  comi)anies.  The  contract  was 
finally  let  to  the  St.  Tjawrence  Bridge  Com- 
pany for  the  superstructure  on  April  -t,  1911; 
that   for   the   substructure   having   been   let   to 


CENTRE    SPAN,    SHOWING    PONTOONS    UEI.N'G    HLACUD    i.V    POSITION. 

M.  P.  Davis  on  .January  10,  1910.  C.  N.  Monser- 
rat  became  chairman  and  chief  engineer  of  the 
bridge  commission,  and  Mr.  McDonald  was  suc- 
ceeded by  C.  C.  Schneider,  of  New  York.  The 
engineering  staff  heads  were  Phelps  Johnston 
and  George  H.  Duggan,  of  Montreal. 

The  bridge  was  built  jn-imarily  to  carry  the 
National  Transcontinental  Railway  between 
the  Atlantic  and  the  Pacific,  but  the  following 
railways  will  also  use  it:  The  C.P.R.,  the 
Grand  Trunk,  the  Quebec  Central,  the  Inter- 
colonial, the  Quebec  and  Lake  St.  John,  the 
Quebec  and  Saguenay,  the  Canadian  Northern, 
and  the  Delaware  and  Hudson. 

In  1915  the  north  shore  truss  was  completed. 
When  the  cantilever  arm  on  the  north  shore 
was  being  erected  the  south  shore  anchor  arm 
was  being  put  together,  and  by  the  1st  of  August 


JA<-KlN(i      OIROERS.       HANGER      <'HAINS 
MFTINO     JACKS. 


HYDRAUUC       PUMPS       AND       PIPE       LINK       TO        MFTINO    JACKS. 


.«K) 


CONSTRUCTION 


Sni:TH    SUCRE  CANTII.KVEIt,   AlfiVST   G.    Ifllfi. 

of  tliis  yoar  tlic  opci-iitioiis  on  the  soutli  slioic 
section  were  ])ractifally  completed.  Meaiiwliile 
the  centre  s\mn  was  being  fabricated,  and  the 
date  arrans^ed  for  floating  the  span  to  the  jmint 
where  it  was  to  be  raised  into  its  final  position 
Iwtween  the  two  cantilever  trusses. 

In  a  circular  issued  to  en- 
gineers, wlio  were  anticipating 
this  remarkable  engineering  feat 
with  great  interest,  Mr.  Duggan 
pointed  out  that  the  centre  span 
was  supi)orted  by  six  scows,  each 
one  hundred  and  sixty-five  feet 
long  and  thirty-two  feet  wide, 
built  with  heavy  steel  frames. 
Six  tugs  towed  the  scows  from 
Sillery  Cove  to  the  bridge  posi- 
tion. At  this  point  eight  tugs 
were  employed  to  hold  the  span 
(luring  the  operation. 

After   the    span   was   securely 
moored  in  this  position,  the  hoist- 
ing chains,  made  of  a  series  of 
bar  links,  by  which  it  was  to  be  raised,  were 
droi)i)ed  into  position  and  attached  to  the  si)an. 
After  the  links  were  secured  to  the  si)an  they 
were   pulled   up   by   hydraulic  power  and  the 
span  thus  lifted  to  its  position.     The  eye-bars 
from    which    the   span    was    finally    suspended, 


were  lo  Jiave   lieen  joined  almut 
the    middle    of    their    length    by 
pins.     There  were  two  hydraulic 
jacks  to  a  corner,  or  eight  in  all. 
The  load   to  be  lifted  was  esti- 
mated at  five  thousand  five  hun- 
dred and  forty  tons.     The  rams 
of    the    jacks    were    twenty-two 
inches  in  diameter,  and  the  work- 
ing     pressure      four      thousand 
'     pounds.    The  jacks  had  been  test- 
ed in  position  to  a  pressure  of 
five  thousand  pounds,  or  twenty- 
live  i)er  cent,  overload.     The  hy- 
draulic    pumps     operating     the 
jacks,  two  at  each  en<l  of  the  span,  were  oper- 
ated   by    compressed    air    pii)ed    from   power 
houses  on  shore.     There  was  a  separated  con- 
trol  valve   foi-  each   jack   at  each   corner  and 
conti-ol  valves  for  each  pair  of  jacks  at  each 
end.     .Multiplying  tell-tales  were  arranged  so 


■  KNTIIK    SPAN    OF    NEW    QUEBEC    BRIDGE. 


NORTH    SHORE  CANTILEVER   WITH    CENTRE  SPAN    LIFTINO   APPARATUS   AT   OUTER   END. 

that  the  valve  operators  at  the  corners  could 
keep  the  moving  girder  exactly  horizontal,  and 
the  valve  operator  at  the  centre  of  the  span  could 
kec])  the  span  itself  horizontal.     A  telephone 
system  was  arranged  by  which  each  lift  at  the 
ends  of  the  span  were  rejiorted  to  the  officer 
in  general    charge,    and   the  two 
ends  thus  kept  at  the  same  verti- 
cal height. 

There  was  a  system  of  counter- 
weighted  screw-jacks,  hand-oper- 
ated, to  follow  up  the  hydraulic 
jacks  so  that  in  the  event  of  a 
packing  blowing  out  or  any  acci- 
dent happening  to  a  hydrauliQ 
jack,  it  could  be  removed  and  re- 
paired while  the  bridge  was  rest- 
ing on  the  follow-up  screw-jacks. 
The  hoisting  chains,  two  to  a  cor- 
ner, were  each  composed  of  two 
bars,  thirty  inches  by  two  and 
one-fourth  inches,  thirty  feet 
long,    connected    by    twelve-inch 


CONSTRUCTION 


301 


Mt-a. 


iaoo;o'. 


ano'-a 


itzsa^ 


W-o 


SKELETON    VIEW    OF    QUEBEC    BRIOGE,    SHOWING    PRINCIPAL   DIMENSIONS. 


diameter  pins.  The  ]iiiis  for  connecting'  these 
links  to  the  girders  were  also  twelve-incli  dia- 
meter. 

Tlie  mooring  frames  were  calculated  at  erec- 
tion miit  stresses  for  a  force  of  three  hundred 
thousand  pounds  applied  at  the  lower  end.  The 
mooring  lines,  four  in  number  at  each  end,  were 
one  and  one-fourth  inch  plough  steel  rope,  with 
nine  part  three-fourth  inch  wire  rope  falls  lead- 
ing to  engines  on  the  deck.  The  hoisting  tackle, 
or  back-guy  for  the  mooring  frame,  was  a  nine 
part  seven-eighths  inch  wire  rope  tackle  leading 
to  one  of  the  main  hoisting  engines  formerly 
used  on  the  erection  traveler. 

Dealing  with  one  corner  only,  all  four  cor- 


ners being  alike,  there  was  j)laced  across  the 
end  of  the  cantilever  arm  vertically  over  the 
point  of  intersection  a  heavy  cross  girder  from 
the  ends  of  which  was  susjjended  another  cross 
girder,  known  as  the  fixed  girder,  and  placed 
at  about  the  floor  level  of  the  cantilever  arm. 
On  toj)  of  this  girder  were  placed  hydraulic 
jacks  with  a  working  stroke  of  about  two  feet, 
and  resting  on  these  jacks  and  operated  by 
them  was  the  third  or  movable  giixJer. 

It  is  highly  improbable  that  the  wrecked 
span  now  lying  in  two  hundred  feet  of  water 
can  be  salved.  To  erect  a  new  span  will  require 
about  nine  months,  so  that  possibly  a  year's 
delay   will   be   occasioned  by   the  accident. 


Royal  Architectural  Institute  of  Canada 

/Annual  Assembly  at  Quebec,   September  8th   and  9th.     Inspiring  Address   by  Retiring 
President  Russell.     Report  of  Council  Includes  Many  Important  Architectural  Matters. 


WITH  one  hundred  members  of  the  profes- 
sion with  the  colors  and  taking  into  con- 
sideration present  conditions  in  the  building 
trade,  a  small  attendance  at  the  annual  assem- 
bly of  the  Royal  Architectural  Institute  of  Can- 
ada, held  at  Quebec  on  September  8tli  and  9th, 
was  not  unanticipated,  (hi  account  of  the  post- 
ponement of  the  assembly  booked  for  Septem 
her,  1914,  this  year's  convention  included  the 
seventh,  eighth  and  ninth  annual  assemblies 
and  rendered  necessary  the  clearing  away  of  a 
large  accumulation  of  routine  business. 
Through  the  courtesy  of  the  Mayor  and  Council 
of  Quebec,  the  business  sessions  were  held  in 
the  City  Hall,  the  hoad(inarters  of  the  Institute 
being  at  the  Chateau  Frontenac. 

The  inaugural  session  was  held  on  Saturday 
moniing,  Sei^tember  9tli,  with  the  president. 
Mr.  J.  If.  (i.  Russell,  of  \Vinnii)eg,  in  the  chair. 
A  formal  welcome  to  the  city  was  extended  by 
Mayor  Lavigeur  in  the  following  words: 

.\fr.   (Chairman,   Officers  and   Members  of  the  Royal   Institute   of 
Architects,   in  convention  assembled   in   Quebec: 

Gentlemen. — It  affords  me  great  pleasure  to  tender  you,  as 
Mayor  of  Quebec,  the  hearty  welcome  of  this  city,  on  the  occa- 
sion of  your  present  convention. 

The  citizens  of  Quebec  always  Kreet  with  satisfaction  the  gath- 
ering of  such  Important  orsanizations  as  your  Institute,  and 
are  most  happy  to  offer  you  the  freedom  of  our  good  old  city. 

AlthoDsrh  we  cannot  boast  of  such  marvelous  modern  archi- 
tecture as  other  sister  cities  can  offer  to  the  stu<lv  of  the  archi- 
tect.   Btill,    we    take   pride    in    the    venerable   ediflce's   Jind    monu- 


ments of  past  ages  in  which  sufficient  artistic  taste  is  displayed 
to    interest    members   of    ,vour    distinguished    profession. 

And  moreover,  without  renouncing  the  glorious  privilege  of 
preserving  real  treasures  in  the  way  of  historical  associations 
and  venerable  old  landmarks,  we  are  proud  to  show  a  new  Que- 
bec rising  in  full  modern  progress  with  edifices  and  public 
works  in  no  way  inferior  to  those  to  be  found  in  cities  of  much 
greater  importance   than  our  city. 

Your  conventions  are  the  means  of  making  known  to  the  pub- 
lie  the  latest  developments  in  the  art  of  architecture,  and  out 
of  your  learned  deliberations  we  are  fullv  assured  that  Import- 
ant results  will  be  achieved. 

You  have  our  best  wishes  for  the  success  of  your  meeting,  and 
we  sincerely  hone  that  you  will  carr.v  with  you  such  a  pleasant 
remembrance  of  your  sojourn  in  Quebec  that  you  will  be  in- 
duced to  return  here  for  the  holding  of  some  future  congress  of 
your  Institute. 

This  was  followed  by  the  President's  address 
as  follows : 

Three  years  ago  we  had  our  last  annual  assemljly  at  Calgary, 
and  parted  with  the  prospect  of  a  bright  and  ^prosperous  year 
of  work  outlined  ahead.  In  less  than  a  year  bur  Empire  was 
plunged  into  war,  one  which  is  proving  to  be  the  most  terrible 
in  history.  I  need  not  enter  into  the  causes  leading  up  to  this 
struggle.  Sufficient  to  say  it  is  one  of  right  against  might,  one 
for  freedom  and  righteousness,  which  the  great  Empire  (of 
which  we  are  a  part),  and  our  French,  Russian,  and  other  al- 
lies will  surelv  carry  through  to  a  successful  issue,  as  not  long 
will  the  world  be  content  to  work  out  its  disagreements  by 
might   of  destruction. 

Owing  to  the  war,  our  annual  assemblies  for  li>H  and  1915 
were  postponed,  and  although  conditions  are  still  much  the 
same,  it  was  thought  to  be  in  the  best  interests  of  the  Institute 
to  hold  a  business  session  this  year,  as,  since  the  war  began, 
other  questions,  important  in  their  place,  have  been  occupying 
their  minds  to  the  exclusion  of  the  objects  of  the  Institute,  "and 
your  present  officers  have  held  office  too  long,  owing  to  these 
unforeseen    circumstances. 

Canada  has  taken  a  rightful  part  in  this  war:  she  has  raised 
large  armies,  to  which  our  Institute  has  given  about  100  of  its 
members  to  help  a  great  cause.  .\s  a  nation  we  have  not  risen 
to  our  responsibilities  nor  assumed  our  rightful  share  of  the 
burden  our  mother  countr.v  is  carrying:  the  time  has  arrived 
when  we  should  put  foi'th  ev«ry  effort  of  which  we  are  cap- 
able. There  are  thousands  of  young  men  in  every  Province  of 
our  fair  Dominion  who  would  look  far  better  wearing  khaki 
than  mufti,  and  should  be  with  our  brothers  in  France,  Flan- 
ders,  and  elsewhere,    fighting  their  countr.v's  battles. 

Owing  to  the  depression  along  all  lines  of  construction,  partly 
on  account  of  the  war,  many  of  our  members  have  closed  their 
offices  and  sought  othei'  emplo.vment,  and  they  are  having  a  sea- 


302 


CONSTRUCTION 


Hoii  iif  tilnl  uiul  haiilshlp.  Buch  n»  cull8  for  i)ur  xympathy  ami 
iiii.rul  Kii|i|)  >it,  uiid  llir  earnest  prayer  of  all  In  that  thiH  ton- 
lliit    will  Hooii  bo  over. 

We  ulimiUl  take  Home  action  at  tlilH  Kalherlng  to  honor  the 
nameB  of  our  nientherH  who  have  given  up  8o  much  to  help 
their  eounlry  in  thU  time   jf  need. 

While  this  war  has  ItM  dark  Hide,  it  also  han  a  hriRlit  »ide. 
Creat  moral  and  sorial  reforms  are  HpreadlnR  throuKliout  all 
nallomi.  anil  1  think  the  worhl  will  he  a  better  one  for  the  (treat 
HacritloeH  now  l)elnB  niaile.  and  there  will  he  a  elo«er  relatlon- 
Hhip  between  nations,  a  striving  after  higher  ideals  of  (iovern- 
meiit    and  all  things  pertaining  to  the  betterment  'jf  mankind. 

A  ('luestl  >n  that  is  interesting  the  profession  is:  what  effect 
will  the  war  have  on  archlteeture?  We  have  read  with  feelings 
of  griel  and  sorrow  of  the  apparent  wanton  destruction  of  a 
great  manv  tine  arehlteitural  structures  In  Itelglum  and  France, 
and  ask,  liow  are  such  things  possible  in  this  eidightened  age'. 
\t  the  conclusion  of  peace,  there  will  be  a  great  period  of  re- 
construction. t)ur  members  who  are  spared  to  return  to  us  am 
resume  the  practice  of  their  profession  will  no  doubt  be  filled 
with  new  ideas,  and  their  i>olnt  of  view  nucy  be  entire  .v 
changed;  this  mav  ai)ply  more  specially  to  those  who  are  lield 
prisoners  of  war  In  (Jermany.  where  they  will  have  more  time 
for  observation  and  retlcctlon.  Whether  this  will  be  a  help  to- 
wards the  striving  after  a  national  style  of  architecture  for 
Canada  or  not.  remains  to  be  seen,  but  some  lessons  will  surely 
bf   given  by  which  all  will  profit.  .        ,   ,  ,  i 

Sir  Gilbert  Parker,  In  his  address  to  the  Calgary  assembly, 
said-  "Architecture  Is  the  tlrst  exiircsslon  of  the  human  race: 
then  comes  painting,  sculpture  and  music.  Your  position  is  not 
less  to-dav,  for  vour  profession  appears  to  nie  to  be  one  that  is 
getting  nearer  to  the  people  themselves  than  any  other  pro- 
fession in  vour  country."  1  think  Sir  (Jiibert  was  not  far  amiss 
in  this  statement.  The  organization  of  our  Institute  and  its 
different  attlliated  bodies  has  brought  the  profession  closer  to 
the  public:  the  .Vrchitects'  Acts  passed  by  a  number  of  our  Pro- 
vinces have  been  a  great  heli>  toward  establishing  the  profes- 
sion on  a  more  stable  basis.  The  advice  and  counsel  of  these 
different  associations  Is  sought  after  by  both  T'rovincia  and 
civic  governments,  as  well  as  private  corporations,  to  assist  in 
solving  the  maiiv  complex  ciuestions  of  building,  city  beautify- 
ing housing  conditions,  etc.,  and  the  disinterested  service  ren- 
dered by  our  associations  in  these  matters  is  appreciated  by 
those  who  seek  it.  and  places  us  where  we  are  a  far  more  im- 
iiortant  part  of  the  community  than  we  could  possibly  be  If  we 
had  to  act  as  individuals.  One  of  the  things  we  need  is  a  better 
understanding   on    the    part    of    the    i.ublic  „«.„„^,„ 

Tlie  weekly  luncheon  is  a  great  help  m  bringing  the  different 
members  of"  Provincial  associations  together  where  they  can 
discuss  the  problems  that  are  continually  coming  ui)  in  the 
daily  round  of  work,  and  where  one  may  receive  the  advice  and 
sympathy  of  his  fellows.  The  discussions  should  lead  the 
thoughts'  of  those  present  to  higher  ideals  in  professional  life 
and  business  morality,  and  increase  each  members  efficiency,  by 
encouraging  the  exchange  of  ideas  and  endeavoring  to  elevate 
the  standani  of  our  profession  and  co-operate  with  each  member 
for   the   benellt   of  each  and  all.  ,      .   .,  , 

There  has  been  a  great  deal  said  for  and  against  the  various 
\cts  for  tlie  registration  of  architects,  some  claiming  that  it 
does  not  tend  to  elevate  the  profession,  and  that  the  better 
olan  is  through  education.  While  the  latter  is  no  doubt  true 
to  a  certain  degree,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  Registration 
Act    is   accomplishing   the    object    sought. 

The  argument  that  a  miinber  of  incompetent  men  have  to  be 
registered  when  an  Act  is  passed  is  true,  as  no  one  can  or 
should  be  legislated  out  of  business,  but  this  evil  ends  at  the 
iiassing  of  the  Act.  From  that  time  on  the  i)rocess  of  the  elim- 
ination of  this  class  is  slow,  but  sure,  and  each  year  sees  an 
improvement.  It  will  oiilv  be  a  matter  of  a  few  years  when  the 
standard  of  the  profession  in  these  Provinces  will  be  of  a  higher 
order  than  It  could  possibly  be  without  the  Act.  Candidates 
for  registration  have  to  pass  an  examination,  and  while  there 
mav  be  objections  to  this  method,  it  will  not  be  long  before 
those  contemiilating  the  study  of  architecture  will  sec  the  great 
advantage  of  taking  a  university  course,  which  all  will  agree 
is  the  proper  procedure.  In  the  meantime,  as  long  as  examln- 
a'tions  are  to  be  held,  it  would  be  better  if  they  were  standard- 
i-/ed  throughout  the  nomiiiion.  but  this  cannot  be  accomplished 
until  each  Province  has  an  Act  of  Registration.  If  this  were 
consummated,  the  Fioval  Arc-hitectural  Institute  would  have  far 
more  weight  in  carrvimr  through  any  reform  it  might  advocate 
than  it  has  to-dav.  1  think  we  should  strive  to  that  end  and 
render  all  the  assistance  iiossible  to  the  Provinces  that  are 
seeking    legislation    along    these    lines. 

The  objects  of  our  Institute  are  to  a  large  extent  professional 
and  ethical.  The  better  standards  of  practice  and  service,  as 
laid  down  bv  the  Institute,  are  elevating  the  jirofession  through- 
out our  iximinion.  a.nd  credit  may  be  taken  for  assistance 
given  towards  architectural  education;  each  architect  practis- 
ing is  profiting  thereby  and  should  consider  it  a  privilege  to  be 
counted  one  of  its  members.  Where  he  is  not  a  member  through 
his  connection  with  one  of  the  affiliated  bodies,  he  should  make 
a  point  of  becoming  one  through  co-operation  with  his  fellow- 
l.ractitioners.  as  it  is  only  through  united  effort  that  the  best 
results  for  all  may  be  obtained. 

,\  ministerial  friend  of  mine  often  uses  the  following  apt  il- 
Irstration  of  Kipling's:  "The  strength  of  the  pack  is  the  wolf, 
and   the   strength   of  the   w")lf  is  the   pack." 

While  the  government  of  the  Institute  rests  in  the  assembly 
and  not  the  council,  which  is  merel,\'  the  instrument  of  the 
assembly  to  carry  out  its  will,  it  must  necessarily  follow,  owing 
to  our  countr.v  Ijeing  one  of  great  distances,  that  we  cannot 
hold  more  than  cme  general  meeting  during  the  year,  and  the 
ciuestions  that  are  continuall.v  coming  up  have  to  be  decicied 
by  the  council.  .\s  the  majority  oi>inion  of  the  entire  member- 
ship should  be  the  objective  of  the  council,  it  should  i)e  the  aim 
of  eacli  of  the  federated  bodies  to  discuss  with  and  advise  their 
nienil)ers  of  conncil  from  time  to  time  regarding  the  affairs  of 
the  Institute,  so  that  the  best  interests  of  the  profession  may 
bi*   served. 

On  account  of  the  great  expense  and  time  that  would  be  in- 
volved, as  well  as  the  ditticulty  of  selecting  a  central  place  of 
meeting,  it  has  been  found  next  to  imiiossible  to  get  the  mem- 
bers of  council  together  between  the  times  of  the  annual  meet- 
ings, and  at  the  Calgary  assemblv  it  was  decided  to  try  to 
carry  on  tlie  business  of  council  by  mail.  This  method  has  its 
disadvantages,  and  while  it  proved  interesting  to  a  certain  de- 
gree,   it    was    not    taken    full   advantage   of   by   the  members.      1 


think  one  reason  Is  that  the  length  of  time  given  to  send  in  re- 
plies to  the  cjuestion  utider  discussion  is  too  long,  and  matters 
that  do  not  recjuire  immediate  attention  are  often  laid  aside  for 
a  more  convenient  season,  and  conseciuently  overlooked.  Our 
Honorary  Secretary  will  give  you  a  resume  of  the  doings  of 
council  in  his  re|>ort. 

Some  of  the  Provincial  bodies  are  remitting  the  fees  of  their 
members  who  are  serving  their  King  and  country  in  this  war. 
It  might  be  well  for  this  a88eml>ly  to  consider  the  cpiestion  as  to 
whetlier  this  plan  should  not  be  followed  by  the  Institute. 
There  Is  also  the  ciuestion  as  to  whether  the  different  bodies 
should  be  called  on  to  pay  fees  to  the  Institute  for  members 
who  belong  to  more  than  one  of  the  federated  Imdies,  as,  in  a 
great  many  cases,  the  Institute  l8  receiving  double,  and  in  some 
cases  treble  fees  for  one  member,  on  account  of  some  being 
registered  to  practice  in  different  Provinces.  This  Is  a  hard- 
ship on   the   Provincial  bodies. 

The  competition  for  the  Departmental  Hulldlngs  at  Ottawa 
Is  In  a  very  unsatisfactory  state.  The  unfortunate  tire  which 
destroyed  the  central  building  of  the  group  on  Parliament  Hill 
in  Ottawa  may  have  had  some  bearing  on  the  deliberations  of 
the  Oovernment  regarding  future  extension  work,  as  I  under- 
stand they  have  detlnitely  decided  not  to  go  ahead  with  the 
Pepartmental  and  Courts  Building,  but  the  authors  of  the  six 
premlated  designs  should  have  better  consideration  than  they 
are  receiving,  and  the  Institute  should  give  them  all  the  aaslBt- 
ance  possible  in  their  efforts  to  obtain   relief. 

At  the  Calgary  meeting  our  by-laws  were  amended.  This 
was  necessary,  as  It  was  the  first  general  annual  meeting  of 
the  R.  .\.  I.  C.  as  a  federated  body  of  the  different  societies. 
At  that  meeting,  among  other  things,  a  lengthy  discussion  took 
place  over  the  different  classes  of  members,  and  it  was  finally 
atrreed  that  all  members  would  start  on  the  same  footing,  and 
the  honorar.v  title  of  Fellcjw  should  be  c<»nferred  only  on  a  mem- 
ber who  shall  have  notably  contributed  to  the  advancement  of 
the  profession  in  design,  construction,  litei'ature  or  education. 

A  strong  argument,  put  forward  in  favor  of  adhering  to  the 
by-law  as  it  now  stands,  appeals  to  the  higher  thoughts  re- 
garding the  objects  and  best  wishes  for  success  of  the  Institute. 
This  argument  was  that  to  allow  the  slightest  suspicion  of  in- 
dividual gain  or  personal  advancement,  and  especial.v  one  that 
would  result  in  creating  a  distinctive  class  of  members,  would 
have  the  effect  of  casting  a  permanent  shadow  over  every  delib- 
eration, and  cloud  each  action  with  the  doubting  question:  Is  this 
also  contingent  upon  personal  gain?  One  is  prompted  to  ex- 
claim: Can  anything  ever  be  looked  at  with  the  unprejudiced 
eyes  of  one  who  seeks  only  the  good  of  the  communit.\'.  and 
who  buries  for  the  time  all  thought  of  personal  advancement  or 
profit? 

If  an  organization  is  to  succeed  in  inspiring  its  members  to 
work  for  a  common  good,  surely  the  constitution  and  by-laws 
of  the  organization  should  be  the  symbol  of  ideal  aspirations 
which  may  forever  act  as  a  guide  in  the  future  delibei-ations  of 
its   assemblies. 

Our  one  hope  of  success  in  this,  as  in  any  similar  Institution, 
is  in  making  an  ai>peal  to  the  individual  on  the  broad  lines  of 
co-operation  in  the  work  for  the  sake  of,  in  our  case,  the  pro- 
fession. Our  hopes  in  this  Institute  work  can  only  be  realized 
by   such   an   appeal. 

It  must  be  remembered  that  the  new  Institute  was  formed, 
not  by  augmenting  the  old  by  admitting  members  of  the  Pro- 
vincial associations  or  of  the  old  Institute,  but  as  an  organiza- 
tion composed  of  units  of  Provincial  bodies.  F^ch  member  of 
an  associate  Provincial  body  was  admitted  to  the  Institute  only 
by  virtue  of  his  membership  in  the  Provincial  body.  No  other 
cjualification  would  entitle  him  to  membership  in  the  newly- 
formed   Institute  wherever  the  Provincial  body  had  afHliated. 

The  annual  dues  i)aid  by  each  Provincial  association  are  the 
dues  that  each  Province  owes  as  its  share  of  an  expenditure 
incurred  by  the  Institute  of  amalgamated  Provinces.  The  share 
of  the  annual  expenditure  that  each  province  shall  pay  is  de- 
termined by  the  relative  number  of  members  in  the  Province 
as  compared  to  the  whole.  Any  separation  of  the  individual 
members  b.v  grouping  into  distinct  classes  is  antagonistic  to 
the  spirit  that  promjited  and  which  succeeded  in  constructing 
the  organization  as  it  now  stands,  and  which  has  as  its  bi-oad 
aim  the  advancement  and  protection  of  the  architectural  pro- 
fession  throughout  Canada. 

In  conclusion,  let  each  of  us  use  our  best  endeavors  to  ele- 
vate the  standards  of  the  jirofession  in  which  we  are  engaged, 
and  so  conduct  our  affairs  that  our  fellow-architects  may  find 
it  wise,  profitable  and  conducive  to  hajipiness  to  emulate  our 
example. 

The  report  of  the  Council  was  then  presented 
by  tlie  honorary  secretary,  Mr.  Alcide  Chausse, 
as  follows: 

Gentlemen, — The  1913-14  Council  of  the  Royal  Architectural 
Institute  of  Canada,  while  elected  for  one  term,  have  through 
the  circumstances  created  by  the  European  war,  administrated 
the  affairs  of  the  Institute  during  three  years.  The  charter 
of  the  Institute  does  not  mention  that  there  must  be  annual 
meetings  of  its  members,  but  the  by-laws  have  special  pro- 
visions to  the  effect  that  the  Institute  should  have  general  an- 
nual  assemblies. 

At  the  Calgary  General  Annual  Assembly,  held  on  the  15th 
ami  16th  September,  1913,  it  was  decided  that  the  seventh  Gener- 
al Annual  .Assembly  be  held  at  Quebec  at  a  date  to  be  fixed  by 
the  Council.  I^ater  the  Council  fixed  the  21st  and  22nd  September, 
IfH,  as  the  time  for  the  annual  gathering  of  the  members  of 
the  Institute;  that  decision  was  made  before  the  beginning  of 
the  war.  All  th.e  arrangements  were  made  for  the  holding  of 
the  seventh  General  Annual  .Assembly  at  the  dates  fixed  by  the 
Council,  but  about  six  weeks  before  the  date  of  the  meeting 
war  was  declared,  and  nearl.v  all  national  associations,  societies 
or  iKidies  decidecl  to  postpone  their  conventions.  After  con- 
sultation with  the  members  of  the  Council,  the  President,  on 
the  loth  September,  directed  the  Hon.  Secretary  to  send  the 
fcdlowing  notice  to  all  members  of  the  Royal  Architectural  In- 
stitute of  Canada:  "Owing  to  the  unsetled  conditions,  due  to 
European  war.  it  has  been  regretfuli.v  decided  to  postpone  for 
an  indefinite  period  the  seventh  General  Annual  Assembly  of 
the  Ro.val  Architectural  Institute  of  Canada,  which  was  to  have 
been  held  at  Quebec,  Que.,  on  the  21st  and  22nd  September, 
1914." 


CONSTRUCTION 


303 


Since  the  Calgary  convention,  all  the  business  of  the  Institute 
was  transacted  by  correspondence.  There  was  one  meeting  of 
the  Council,  called  to  meet  at  Toronto,  on  the  22nd  April,  1916; 
there  were  six  members  of  the  Council  present,  while  the  by- 
laws of  the  Institute  I'equire  a  quorum  of  seven  members.  As 
the  matters  to  be  considered  were  urgent,  it  was  decided  to 
hold  the  meeting,  its  decisions  and  resolutions  subject  to  the 
approbation  of  this  Assembly.  They  form  part  of  this  report, 
and  if  it  is  adopted,  it  will  be  understood  that  what  has  been 
done  at  Toronto,  on  the  2ind  .April,  1916,  by  six  members  of 
your  Council,  has  been  done  in  the  best  interest  of  the  Institute, 
and  has  your  sanction. 

During  these  two  days,  Sth  and  9th  September,  1916,  there 
will  be  held  three  Assemblies  of  the  Institute,  so  as  to  bring  all 
its  affairs  to  date:  these  Assemblies  are  the  seventh,  eighth  and 
ninth,  and  next  year  will  be  the  tenth  anniversary  of  the  found- 
ation of  the  Royal  .Architectural  Institute  of  Canada.  Founded 
as  the  "Institute  of  Architects  of  Canada,"  on  the  19th  August, 
1907,  at  Montreal,  as  an  independent  body  from  the  then  ex- 
isting provincial  associations,  a  Dominion  charter  was  obtained 
on  the  16th  June,  1908.  It  was  found  later  that  there  should  be 
some  kind  of  parentage  between  all  the  Canadian  architectural 
as.sociations.  and,  after  several  conferences,  it  was  decided  to 
revise  the  charter  with  a  view  of  federating  the  various  asso- 
ciations of  architects  having  provincial  charters.  On  the  1st 
.April,  1912.  the  Dominion  charter  was  amended,  and  the  name 
of  the  Institute  was  changed  to  that  of  "The  Royal  Architect- 
ural Institute  of  Canada."  special  permission  to  use  and  adopt 
the  prefix  "Royal"  having  been  granted  by  His  Majesty  King 
Edward  VII.,  on  the  2nd  June.    1909. 

MINUTES   OF   THE   COUNCIL  OF   THE    ROYAL   ARCHITECT. 

URAL       INSTITUTE       OF      CANADA       DURING       YEAR 

COMMENCING     16TH      SEPTEMBER,      -,913, 

Note. — .At  the  last  General  Annual  .Assembly  of  the  Royal 
.Architectural  Institute  of  Canada,  held  at  CalgaVv.  the  by-laws 
were  ■  amended  so  as  to  have  consultations  or  "discussions  of 
matters  requiring  urgency  to  be  submitted  to  the  members  of 
the  Council  by  mail.  .As  an  experiment,  all  the  matters  which 
occurred  were  submitted  to  the  Council  in  accordance  with 
article  27  of  the  by-laws  of  the  Roval  Institute. 

The  only  meeting  of  the  Council  was  held  at  Calgary  on  the 
16th  September,  1913,  at  4  o'clock,  p.m.,  in  the  Pulilic  Library. 
At  the  meeting  the  offlcers  were  elected;  a  Finance  Committee 
composed  of  Messrs.  Edmund  Burke,  E.  L.  Horwood  and  J. 
W.  H.  Watts  was  appointed;  it  was  decided  to  retain  the  rooms 
for  the  office  of  the  Royal  Institute  at  Montreal  at  $150  per  an- 
num; to  engage  an  Assistant  Secretary  at  a  salary  of  $200  a 
year;  fixing  the  "pro  rata"  rate  at  $2.00;  authorizing  the  Hon. 
Treasurer  to  pay  the  travelling  expenses  to  the  Quebec  .Assem- 
bly of  the  President,  Hon.  Secretary  and  Hon.  Treasurer;  and 
to  have  the  revised  charter  and  by-laws  printed  and  copies  to 
be  sent  to  all  the  members  of  the  Royal  Institute  and  to  the 
federated  associations  of  architects. 

Twelve  subjects  were  discussed  during  the  year  by  corre- 
spondence, as  follows; 

1.  Examination  of  Licentiates  R.I.B.A.  by  the  R.A.I.C. Pro- 
position: The  Royal  Institute  of  British  Architects  on  the  12th 
November,  1913,  sent  a  copy  of  the  following  resolution  with 
regard  to  the  examination  qualifying  licentiates  for  the  Fellow- 
ship of  the  R.1.B..A.,  together  with  a  request  to  conduct  these 
exammations  in   the   future: 

"Resolved:  That  it  be  recommended  to  the  Council  to  sanc- 
tion the  holding  of  the  examinations  in  the  colonies  of  licen- 
tiates who  are  desirous  of  becoming  Fellows,  provided  that  ar- 
rangements can  be  made  for  the  proper  supervision  of  the  ex- 
amination by  some  responsible  member  .or  members  of  the  In- 
stitute in   the  colonies." 

The  question  was  submitted  to  the  Council  on  the  26th  De- 
cember, 1913,  and  the  opinions  of  the  members  were  received 
up  to  the  26th  January,  1914,  Those  who  took  part  in  the  dis- 
cussion were  Messrs.  Percy  E.  Nobbs,  John  S.  Archibald  J  P 
Hynes,  J.  O.  Marchand,  Alcide  Chausse,  J.  W.  H  Watts  F  s' 
Baker  F  Chapman  Clemasha.  W.  G.  Van  Egmond.  J. 'h  '  o' 
Russell  W.  P.  Over,  Wm.  Fingland.  Colborne  P.  Meredith  A 
Frank  Wickson  and  James  Henderson.  No  replies  were  received 
RoZJw."l-i;?es;  ''•  ''"'^"''-  -^^  ""■  ^^'-^'Sht""-  G-  M-  Lang  and 
On  the  26th  January,  1914,  above  opinions  were  sent  to  all  the 
members  of  the  Council  for  further  discussion.  Opinions  were 
received    from    Messrs.    Wm.    Fingland,    W.    Percy    Ovei      A     T 

??hn"^  ^i  ^■^'''^Y'i.  ■'■  ^'-  "•  W^'fs,  Colborne"^  R  Meredith; 
John  S.  Archibald,  Percy  E.  Nobbs.  A.  G.  Crighton  J  H  G 
Russell  and  Alcide  Chausse.  Messrs.  Roland  W  Linis  Jos  P 
G"M'''Jni'''^P'"c\?'''"J^^''"'  •!,■  '•  »y"^«'  James  Henderson; 
ScpJ^ss'tnTomnio^n.  "'"  ^«"'°"''  """''  ^'^""^  ^''<='^'«'"  ^''^  "»' 
^^Tii^  1,'''"''^'°" -2^  'i'.'^  President  was  as  follows:  After  goine 
fhlf^H^  n""""  ^1"=  different  opinions  of  our  Council  I  dl2  I 
the  RT  P  A^'T'"'  °'  "■^'^  ^■■^■i-C.  undertake  the  supervis  on  of 
n  the  R-IbI  fh',"o';,T^H^"''"'-'''"«.  "««"tiat«s  for  Fellowshu' 
Provincial' Associntnnf  m  '^  «'?;amining  boards  of  the  different 
LmJ  ,?i^L';S  I""**'  *"  •^"''h  examinations  to  be  held  on  the 

same  date   throughout   the    Dominion,    and  the   expense   in  Vnn 

rrchTtects.'™^"'  '°  '''  ""''"^  "'■  'h*'  Royal  InsmSirofBrftish 
IS?;*' February"  mi  ''"'  '^  '"^  """''"''''  °'  '"«  ^^"""-l  <>"  the 
ch%Jer\f"heT"^  ,?-''^^^r  y°*     *,^*    R-A.I.C.-Proposition;    A 

vem*'ber""]9n''arr"'',ht""'"'M^''  '"  '"*  Council  on  the  28th  No- 
vemner,  ]»13,  and  the  opinions  were  received  uo  to  the  9sth 
December  1913.  and  were  from  Messrs.  J  W  H^^Watts  F  s 
Baker  John  S.  Archibald,  Colborne  P  Meredith  T  Hr  i•„^ 
v"A,^^„r*''<=*'  <^^«'"'  Wm'.  Fingland,  A  Frank  Wick"on  I?  F 
K?M^tl-.^-  "•  '^'""Egmond,  James  llenderson    -A  Favelfami 

Alcide  Chausse.     Messrs.  Roland  W.  Lines,  Jos.   P    OueUet    F    c 


Clemasha,  A  G.  Creighton,  J.  P.  Hynes,  G.  M.  Lang  and  J  O 
Marchand  did  not  send  their  opinions 

Ch^an1er^nf^'?h„%'l";/."''''-''''''^"'  "'?>'  '-"^  follows:  The  Saskatoon 
i"*  kI^i,  ,  **,  K-AI"-  never  existed  officially,  as  it  was  not 
established  under  the  authority  of  the  Council,  as  it  wis  pro- 
vided by  Article  51  of  the  By-laws  of  the  U.A.I.C.,  then  in  force 
when    the   Saskatoon   Chapter   was    formed 

cordi'^rto"\rti!de  17^,^^^'"'!^''!  °eleBation8.-Proposition;  Ac- 
coiaing  to  Article  27  of  the  By-laws  of  the  R.A  I  C     "In  case  of 

urgency    the    Hon.    Secretarv    «„.i, 'cate    the    qSesUon 

vener  of  the  dele- 
gates and  report  their  decision  •VmnTedlat;ivT'^'tfeHon'''secrr 

was  t°ha\  th'il'i'*"*''-"  '^^''  "^'«'^"'  ">*«"  fo"-  I'iscSssionsl  anT2 
was  tnat  there  was  no  convpnpr    anri   tU'.t   *u^  I.  '»^i'n  ^ 

council,   individually,   gave"Ihe"iTopi'n1on' o  i  subrec't'^^'ibm^iUed' 
While  not  strictly  in  conformity  with  the  Bv-laws     t  was^uVck 
opint?,!    '^''^    "''"''""'  °'   '""^   '"'"""'  <^°">d-  send^'theh'^pe'^sinai 


Jrgency  the  Hon.  Secretary  shall  communicate  the  auestion 
iiider  consideration  and  discussion  to  the  convf--  -  .Question 
gallon  of  each  Province,  who  shall  consult  their 


Ti-      1     ■  ,         "    ""   •   -^'   *--•   Clemacha.  A    L    FavpII    Wrvi' 

Fingland,    J.    P.    Hynes,    G.    M.    Lang,    J     o     Maichanri     w     tl' 
Over    W.  G.  Van  Egmond.  A.  Frank  WicksonandTar^es  H^der 
son  did  not  send   their  opinions  James  Hender- 

The  decision  of  the  President  was:  The  privilege  of  taking 
part  in  this  discussion  was  not  accepted  by  a  nur^ber  o?  ou? 
Council  After  reading  the  opinions  of  those  who  took  par^I 
am  in  hearty  accord  with  the  majority,  that  our  present  systeni 
IS  a  very  interesting  one,  and  as  it  accomplishes  the  object  we 
will  continue  it  until  our  next  annual  meeting  ""Jeci,   we 

„*"t„^."«''r?'o^iV='??„"9.f _P,':?P°*'*'?."-r'™position :   The  adoption 


^    .    .  ry,    1914. 

Opinions  were  received  before  the  26th  February  1914  from 
Messrs.  Percy  E.  Nobbs,  J.  H.  G.  Russell,  J.  O  Marchand  T 
Frank  Wickson,  AV.  G.  Van  Egmond,  J.  P.  Hynes  J  w'  h' 
Watts,  W.  Percy  Over,  F.  C.  Clemasha,  John  S  "^Trchibald  CoL 
tZT.  ?■  Meredith  and  Alcide  Chausse.  Messrs.  RofandW 
,V»M  V"^-,^^-  ?"ellet,  F.  S.  Baker,  A.  G.  Creighton,  A.  L  Fa- 
e.xi;rers'"anr"o!!rn."-  ^'^   ^^"^  """  "'""''  Henderson  did   n'ot 

The  decision  of  the  President  was:  The  Montreal  Builders'  Ex- 
change made  a  proposal  to  the  Royal  Architectural  Institute  of 
Canada  of  using  their  Bulletin  as  the  official  paper  of  the  In- 
nn'^'^'ll^iH'^  majority  of  our  Council  took  part  in  this  discussion, 
and  decided  almost  unanimously  that  it  would  be  detrimental 
to  the  best  interests  of  the  profession  to  enter  into  such  agree- 

The  time  may  arrive  when  we  will  be  able  to  have  our  own 
official  publication,  or  to  be  represented  by  a  strictly  archi- 
tectural journal,  and  until  that  time  arrives  we  are  better 
without  any  publication,  official  or  otherwise. 

5.  Date  of  the  Quebec  Assembly,  1914. — Proposition:  It  was 
suggested  that  the  seventh  General  Annual  Assembly  of  Quebec 
be  held  on  the  21st  and  22nd  September,  1914.  This  proposition 
was   made   by   Mr.    Jos.    P.    OueUet. 

Took  part  in  the  discussion:  Messrs.  A.  Frank  Wickson.  Jos. 
P.  OueUet,  J.  W.  H.  Watts,  W.  G.  Van  Egmond,  John  S.  Archi- 
bald, C.  P.  Meredith,  Alcide  Chausse  and  F.  S.  Baker.  Messrs. 
Roland  W.  Lines,  F.  C.  Clemasha,  A.  G.  Creighton,  A.  L.  Fa- 
vell,  Wm.  Fingland,  J.  P.  Hynes,  G.  M.  Lang,  J.  O.  Marchand, 
P.  E.  Nobbs,  W.  P.  Over  and  James  Henderson  did  not  discuss 
this   matter. 

The  decision  of  the  President  was:  The  suggestion  of  our 
Vice-President,  Mr.  Jos.  P.  OueUet,  that  we  hold  our  next  Gen- 
eral Annual  Assembly  of  the  Royal  Architectural  Institute  on 
Monday  and  Tuesday,  21st  and  22nd  of  September,  has  been 
approved  by  all  the  members  of  Council  who  took  part  in  the 
discussion,  and  our  Hon.  Secretary  will  advise  Mr.  OueUet  that 
the  dates  are  satisfactory,  and  proceed  with  all  necessary  ar- 
rangements  to   prepare   for  the   meeting. 

I  am  sure  it  is  the  wish  of  each  member  of  the  Institute  that 
the  meeting  to  be  held  in  Quebec  next  September  should  be  the 
largest  and  most  enthusiastic  one  we  have  held;  to  accomplish 
this,  every  one  who  is  able  should  attend,  and  then  some  more. 
Kindly  work  to  this  end  and  success  will   be  sure. 

6.  Duty  on  Imported  Stone  from  the  United  States. — Proposi- 
tion; Mr.  F.  S.  Baker  wrote  to  the  President  that  the  Federal 
Government  were  thinking  about  putting  on  import  duty  on 
building  stone  imported  from  the  United  States.  It  was  tho'ught 
that  if  this  were  put  into  effect  it  would  havie  a  very  harmful 
effect  on  the  cost  of  certain  classes  of  buildings.  On  the  21st 
January,  1914,  the  President  decided  to  obtain  the  views  of  the 
Council  on  this  subject,  and  on  the  28th  January  the  proposition 
was  sent  to  the  members  of  the  Council;  they  were  given  to  the 
15th  February,  1914,  to  send  in  their  opinions. 

Opinions  on  this  matter  were  expressed  by  Messrs.  J.  W.  H. 
AVatts,  John  S.  Archibald,  C.  P.  Meredith,  Alcide  Chausse,  F.  S. 
Baker,  J.  P.  Hynes,  W.  G.  Van  Egmond,  J.  O.  Marchand,  A. 
Frank  Wickson,  W.  Percy  Over,  J.  H.  G.  Russell,  A.  G.  Creigh- 
ton, Percy  E.   Nobbs  and  F.  C.   Clemasha. 

No  opinions  were  received  from  Messrs.  Roland  W.  Lines, 
Jos.  P.  OueUet,  A.  L.  Favell,  G.  M.  Lang  and  James  Hender- 
son. 

The  decision  of  the  President  was:  This  was  something  I  was 
going  to  take  up  with  the  Hon.  Minister  of  Public  Works,  the 
Hon.  Robert  Rogers,  but  on  account  of  the  work  we  were  en- 
gaged on  in  assessing  the  competitive  plans  for  the  new  Gov- 
ernment Buildings,  we  assessors  thought  it  better  not  to  meet 
the  Minister  until  after  the  final  decision,  and  am  at  a  loss  to 
know  which  will  be  the  most  effective   method  to   pursue. 

If  Mr.  Meredith,  who  is  in  Ottawa,  will  consent,  he  might 
deliver  the  papers. 

My  idea  was  that  the  letters  from  the  members  of  the  Coun- 
cil regarding  this  question  be  sent  liy  you  to  the  Minister  along 
with  a  letter  from  yourself  telling  him  that  the  attention  of  the 
Institute  had  been  called  to  the  question  of  the  Government 
increasing  the  duty  on  building  stone  from  outside  of  Canada, 
and  that  in  our  opinion  it  would  be  detrimental  to  the  interests 
of  the  large  majority  of  the  people,  and  ask  them  to  kindly  give 
the  question  their  serious  consideration  before  adding  anything 
further   to   the    present    import   duty   on    stone. 


3(>-t 


CONSTRUCTION 


Ml  .Mi'ieilith  iiiIkIiI  Up<-|i  IIii'  iniitter  In  iiiiixl  >(  It  <-«m«i(  up, 
anil  let  us  kiiiiw  what  Ih  liflnK  done,  but  eouhl  lie  written  to 
later,  uftei-  you  K''t  thiM  in  shape. 

.V  i*t>py  of  above  decision  whh  Ment  to  Mr.  Meredith  on  the 
Jlst  .Vprll.  1IU4.  anil  on  the  27th  he  replied:  "I  should  be  moHl 
happy  to  see  the  Minister  In  reward  to  tarltT.  but  I  do  not  ron- 
«lder  that  anythliiK  ean  be  done,  as  sinee  this  question  was 
first  taken  up  by  the  Institute  the  new  tariff  has  come  Into 
effect,  and  It  would  seem  most  unlikely  that  they  would  again 
ohanite  the  Import  duty,  nt  least  without  tcivinK  the  new  tariff 
a    trial." 

7.  Re-election  of  Fellowi  R.A.I.C. — froposltlon:  At  the  last 
(ieneral  .\nnual  .\s8emby,  held  lit  CalKary,  the  following  reso- 
lution was  adopted: 

Moved  by  Mr.  .\.  K.  IJrelu.  seconded  by  .Mr.  H.  W.  Lines: 
That  the  Council  at  an  early  date  consider  Individually  the  ex- 
h'ellows  of  the  Institute,  and  that  those  considered  by  them  suf- 
lU'lentl.N'  eminent    in   the  profession   he  elected  as  Fellows. 

This  discussion  was  sent  to  the  membei-s  of  the  i'ouncll  on 
the  12th  Kebruary.  I!tl4.  and  the  followInK  members  of  the 
I'ouncil  sent  their  views  on  this  subject:  .Messrs.  K.  S.  Maker. 
J.  r.  Hynes,  John  S.  .Vrchlbald.  .\.  Frank  WIckson,  Wni. 
FInKlitnd.  I'ercy  K.  Nobbs.  ('.  1'.  Meredith.  VV.  Percy  Over.  VV. 
(3.    Van    KKmond.   J.    \V.    H.    Watts  and    Alckle   C'hausse. 

Those  who  dUI  not  reply  are  Messrs.  Koland  W.  I.,lne8.  Jos. 
V.  Ouellet.  F.  Chapman  Clemasha.  A.  O.  Crel(fhton.  A.  L. 
Favell,   (!.    M.    l.,anK,   J.    U.    Marchand  and   .lames    Henderson. 

The  decision  of  the  President  was:  The  by-laws  of  the  Archi- 
tectural Institute  of  Canada  bearInK  on  the  iiuestion  was  as 
follows:  "Fellows  must  have  been  enKaKed  In  the  practice  of 
the  profession  of  .Architecture  for  at  least  ten  (10)  years. 
FeMows  shall  be  elected   from  the  class  of  As.sociates." 

.At  the  Annual  Assembly  held  In  CalKary  last  year  this  by-law 
was  changed  to  the  following:  "There  are  no  .Associates.  The 
classes  of  membership  are  Fellows,  Members.  Honorary  Mem- 
bers and  Honorary  Corresponding  .Members.  Fellowship  in  the 
Institute  is  conferred  upon  a  member  who  in  the  opinion  of  the 
Council  shall  have  notably  contributed  to  the  advancement  of 
the  Profession  In  design,  construction,  literature  or  education." 

The  Calgary  Assembly  came  to  the  conclusion  that  the  new 
organization  should  start  out  with  one  class,  namely  members, 
and  that  Fellowship  In  the  U..A.I.C.  should  stand  for  something. 

I  agree  with  Mr.  J.  S.  Archibald  and  Prof.  Nobl)S.  that  the  list 
of   Fellows   in   the    R..\.I.C.    is   far   from    representative. 

The  old  qualifications  for  the  honor,  and  it  should  be  an  honor, 
were  ten  years  in  practice  and  an  additional  ten  dollars  fee,  the 
new  organization  In  the  revised  by-law  Is  trying  to  make  the 
degree   worth    while. 

The  legality  of  the  power  of  the  Calgary  .\ssembly  to  take 
away  the  degree  of  Fellow  after  it  has  been  conferred  has  been 
brought  out  in  the  (llscu.'*sion.  On  taking  this  question  up  with  a 
solicitor,  he  questioned  the  right  under  the  charter  of  the  .V.I.C  , 
or  the  R..A.I.C.  having  power  to  confer  titles  at  all.  The  charter 
states  in  section  4  that  certain  parties  ma.v  be  admitted  as 
members  only  and  thinks  the  clause  is  not  broad  enough  to 
ali(nv  of  by-laws  being  drafte<l  to  confer  special  honor  on  certain 
members.  I  think  the  (juestion  may  stand  till  our  next  -Assembly 
meeting,  when  Council  can  discuss  it  to  better  aavantage  to- 
Kether,  than  by  correspondence,  in  the  meantime  let  each  mem- 
ber  consider   the   <iuestion    fully   in    all   its   bearings. 

8.  Rome  Scholarships.  Proposition: — It  is  proposed  by  Mr.  !• 
S.  liaker,  seconded  by  Mr.  J.  1'.  H.vnes:  "That  the  proposal  of 
Koine  Scholarships  is  lor  the  Institute  to  arrange  a  competition 
among  students  who  would  be  eligible  for  these  scholarships  in 
Canada,  the  winner  to  be  given  the  nomination  by  the  Koyal 
Architectural  Institute  of  Canada.  This  would  relieve  him  of 
the  })reliniinar.\'  competition.  We  would  move,  therefore,  with 
the    above    explanation ; 

That  the  President  be  retiuested  to  name  a  committee  of 
members  in  Montreal,  Toronto  and  Winnipeg,  to  arrange  a  com- 
petition amfjng  architectural  stu<ients  in  Canada  eligible  for  the 
St  holarship  attached  to  tlie  British  schools  at  Rome,  selecting 
a  suitab'.e  subject,  and  ail  other  particulars  including  a  second 
and  a  third  prize,  and  report  to  the  Council  of  the  R.A.I.C.  by 
letter   prior  to  .lune    1st.    1914." 

Tins  proposition  was  sent  to  the  members  of  the  Council  on 
the  14th  .April.  1!H4,  and  the  opinions  were  received  to  the  1st 
.May.    I',tl4. 

The  members  of  the  Council  who  took  part  in  the  discussion 
were  .Messrs.  V.  S.  Baker.  Roland  W.  Lines,  F.  Chapman  Cle- 
niaslia.  John  S.  .\rchibald,  Colborne  P.  Meredith.  .A.  Frank 
Wick.son.  J.  O.  Marchand,  J.  W.  H.  Watts  and  Alcide  Chausse. 

Messrs.  Jos.  I*.  Ouellet,  .A.  (J.  Creightoii,  A.  L.  Favell.  \Vm. 
Pingiand  J.  P.  Hynes.  G.  M.  Lang.  P.  K  Xobbs.  W.  Percy  Over. 
\V.  O.  Van  lOgmond  and  James  Henderson  did  not  .send  their 
opinion   on   this  jiroposition. 

1  he  decision  of  the  President  was:  Owing  to  an  oversight  of 
the  President  i.  decision  on  this  very  important  question  has 
been  delayed  to  such  an  extent  that  it  would  be  better  to  leave  it 
over  for  the  Quebec  meetin,«:  to  deal  with,  and  in  doing  so  he 
offers  ills  humble  apologies  to  the  mover  and  seconder  of  the 
discussion  for  his  failure  in  not  carrying  out  his  duties  to  them 
and  the  Council  at    the  lU'ojier  time. 

9.  The  R.  A.  I.  C.  Medal. — Proiiositioii:  It  is  moved  by  Mr.  F. 
^.  Baker,  seconded  by  Mr.  .1.  P.  Hynes:  "That  the  President  be 
requested  to  appoint  a  committee  to  arrange  for  the  making  of  a 
design  and  a  die  for  the  Institute  medal,  and  that  the  presenta- 
tion of  the  first  medal  struck  from  this  die  to  the  winner  of  the 
Halifax  Tower  Competition  as  then  arranged  and  agreed,  or  in 
lieu  tliereof  to  provide  a  .separate  medal  or  some  other  prize  for 
the  winner  of  this  competition,  .so  that  the  obligation  of  tlic 
lii.^titutp  in   that   particular  may   he  cairied   out." 

The  discu.ssion  Wiis  between  Messrs.  Roland  W.  Lines.  I". 
Chaimian  Clemasha.  John  S.  .Archibald.  Colborne  P.  .Aleredith,  A 
Frank  Wickson.  J.  O.  .Marchand.  F.  S.  Baker,  J.  W.  H.  Watts 
and   .\lcide  Chausse. 

.No  replies  were  received  from  Messrs.  J.  P.  Ouellet.  .^.  U. 
I'reighton.  -\.  I..  Favell.  Wni.  Fingland.  .(.  P.  Hynes.  (5.  M. 
Lang.  P.  K.  Nobbs.  W.  Percy  Over.  W.  ( ;.  Van  Kgmond  and 
.Tames  Henderson. 

The  decision  of  the  Presidiiit  was:  The  members  who  took 
part  in  ttiis  discussion  are  all  unanimous  that  something  be  d6ne 
ami  the  ma.ioriiy  are  in  favor  of  the  motion. 

The  liiKlitnte  sliirulil  always  carry  out  anything  it  undertakes 
tM  do  and  tile  ciue.xih.n  nf  ways  and  means  should  be  taken  up 
first  I.etc.re  a:;r.einu  to  iiiidertal<e  something  there  are  apfiarently 


no  funds  for.     In  this  case  I  am  sure  the  money  required  t'jv  the 
niedul   or   prize  can   be  easily   secured. 

I  have  great  pleasure  In  asking  Mr.  F.  H.  iiaker  und  J.  1". 
Hynes  to  be  a  <'ommittee  to  I'arry  out  the  objects  of  I  he  motion, 
with    power   to  add    to   their   numbers. 

10.  Souvenir  Programme  for  the  Quebec  Attembly. — I'roiMjsl- 
tion:  Mr.  Maurice  J.  Connolly,  a  publisher  from  Edmonton. 
Alta..  submitted  a  proposal  to  publish  for  the  coming  Quebe*' 
.Assembly  a  Houvenir  I'rogramme.  in  the  form  of  a  book  con 
talning  the  iirogramme  of  the  Assembly,  the  Officers  and  Coun- 
cil of  the  Institute,  a  list  of  all  the  members  of  the  Institute,  and 
other  valuable  Information  and  Illustrations.  He  was  to  pay  all 
expenses  In  connection  with  the  publication  and  distribution  ol 
the  Souvenir,  but  he  wanted  the  authorization  to  publish  adver- 
tisements of  building  supplies  firms,  to  cover  his  expenses.  This 
was  sent  to  the  Council  on  14th  April.   I!tl4. 

Messrs.  John  S.  Archibald.  A.  Frank  Wickson.  Alcide  Chausse 
F.  S,  Baker.  J.  W.  H.  Watts.  J,  O.  Marchand  and  Jos.  P.  Ouellet 
sent    their  opinions  before  the   lllth  of  May,    IH14. 

No  opinions  were  received  from  .Messrs.  Roland  W.  Lines,  F, 
Chapman  Clemasha,  A.  <!.  Creighton,  A.  L.  Favell,  Wm.  King- 
land,  J.  P.  Hynes,  <!.  M.  Lang,  Colborne  P.  .Meredith,  P.  K. 
Nobbs.  W.   I>.  Over,  W.  O.   Van  Kgmond  and  James  Henderson. 

The  decision  of  the  President  was:  The  Houvenir  Programme, 
published  by  Mr.  Connolly.  In  connection  with  the  Calgary  .As- 
sembly, caused  a  good  deal  of  trouble  at  the  start  and  could  very 
well  have  been  omitted. 

It  is  almost  Impossible  to  have  an  outside  party  get  up  a 
programme  without  certain  of  the  advertisers  getting  the  Idea 
that  the  R.A.I.C.  would  have  an  Interest  in  the  publication  and 
that  Is  one  thing  I  feel  sure  each  member  of  the  Council  would 
deplore. 

If  this  could  he  accomplished  without  the  medium  of  adver- 
tisers, and  something  artistic  produced  that  our  delegates  would 
appreciate,  then  It  would  be  worth  while  taking  the  matter  up. 
but  this  is  not  possible  for  financial  reasons.  If  no  other.  Iii 
this  discussion,  three  members  favor  the  pro|K)sal.  one  member 
has  no  cb.tections  under  certain  conditions,  three  are  not  favor- 
able, and  twelve  have  not  sent   in  any  opinion. 

I  do  not  favor  the  idea,  being  firmly  of  the  belief  that  If  a  pro- 
gramme were  to  be  published  It  should  be  undertaken  bv  the 
Institute. 

With  due  regard  to  the  opinions  of  all,  and  after  taking  every- 
thing Into  consideration.  I  think  we  had  better  not  accept  Mr. 
Connolly's    proposal. 

11.  Ontario  Muceum  of  Archaelogy.— I'roposltion:  It  is  suggest- 
ed by  Mr.  Frank  Wickson:  "That  in  the  Interest  of  education 
In  this  country  it  is  most  desirable  that  there  should  be  speci- 
mens of  perfect  period  rooms  and  furniture.  In  the  new  Royal 
Ontario  Museum  of  Archaelogy  they  have  one  such  room  and  we 
are  endeavoring  to  get  the  Ontario  Government  to  supply  others 
of  different   periods  and  similar  character. 

"I  believe  that  samples  of  furniture  would  be  valuable  for 
both  architects  and  manufacturers,  particularly  those  who  manu- 
facture furniture.  I  should  like  to  know  if  the  Institute  would 
consider  it  helping  along  general  lines  of  education  if  we  were 
to  ask  the  Dominion  Government  to  make  an  allowance  for  buv- 
ing  such  furniture. 

12.  Federation  »dth  the  Architectural  Institute  of  British 
Columbia. — Proposition:  The  Architectural  Institute  of  British 
Columbia,  incorporated  by  provincial  charter,  and  having  its 
ofHce  at  Vancouver,  B.  C,  having  a  membership  of  twenty-four 
Is  applying  for  federation  with  the  Ro.val  Architectural  Institute 
of  Canada.  The  British  Columbia  Society  of  Architects  having 
Its  office  at  Victoria,  B.  C..  has  also  applied  for  atflliatiim,  they 
claim  that  they  represent  the  majority  of  British  Columbia 
architects,  but  they  are  not  chartered.  Article  8  of  the  charter 
of  the  R.A.I.C.  gives  us  |)Ower  to  affiliate  with  any  society  or 
association  having  similar  objects  to  those  of  the  Institute. 

After  discussion  by  the  members  of  the  Council  the  matter 
was  brought   before   the    President,    who  decided   as   follows: 

".After  giving  this  question  further  consideration.  I  am  of  the 
opinion  that  the  Council  of  the  Royal  Architectural  Institute  of 
Canada  cannot  take  any  action  regarding  the  Architects  of 
British  Columbia  until  the  members  of  the  -Architectural  Institute 
of  British  Colui^bia  and  the  British  Columbia  Society  of  Archi- 
tects, get  together  and  adjust  their  differences,  both  societies 
cannot  federate  with  the  Koyal  Architectural  Institute  of  Can- 
ada, and  should  we  recognize  either  one,  a  certain  injustice  would 
be  done   to  the   members  of  the  other  organization. 

"I  feel  sure  a  united  society  would  be  a  stronger  organization 
in  every  respect  than  two  separate  societies.  It  would  mean  so 
much  more  to  the  iirofession  at  large,  to  say  nothing  of  the  gftod 
fellowship  and  harmony  it  would  engender  among  the  individual 
members. 

".As  far  as  our  Council  is  concerned  I  think  that  it  is  not 
possible  to  discuss  this  question  through  correspondence  and 
arrive  at  a  satisfactory  solution,  with  conditions  as  they  are  in 
British  Columbia. 

"It  might  be  well  to  apprise  the  two  British  Columbia  socie- 
ties of  the  feeling  of  our  Council.  It  may  help  to  get  them 
together." 

.V  letter  is  being  sent  to  both  British  Columbia  societies  as 
suggested   by  the   I'resident. 

13.  Annual  Assembly  and  Council  Meetings  by  Correspondence. 
—  Proposition:  It  was  proposed,  owing  to  war  conditions,  to  carrv 
on  the  business  of  two  .Assemblies  and  .several  Council  Meetings 
b\-  correspondence. 

It  was  decided  not  to  have  any  General  As.semblies  bv  cor- 
respondence, as  for  the  meetings  of  the  Council,  the  bv-iaws  of 
the   Institute  provide  for  such  meetings  by  correspondence. 

.Minutes  of  the  Meeting  of  the  Council  of  the  Royal  Architec- 
tural Institute  of  Canada,  held  on  the  22nd  .April,  1916,  In  the 
rooms  of  the  Ontario  Association  of  Architects,  at  Toronto,  Ont. 
at    9.30   o'clock   a.m. 

Present:  Messrs.  J.  A\".  H.  Watts,  J.  S.  Archibald,  F.  S.  Baker. 
J.  I'.  Hynes.  .\.  F.  AVickson.  Alcide  Chausse  and  Hugh  Vallance 
(member  of  the  1915-16  Council)  representing  the  absent  mem- 
bers from  the  P.Q..A..\. 

Messrs.  J.  H.  G.  Russell.  .1.  P.  Ouellet  and  James  Henderson 
wrote  that  they  could  not  come.  Messrs.  R.  W.  Lines,  F.  C. 
Clemasha,  ('.  P.  Meredith  and  P.  K.  -N'obbs.  were  prevented  from 
coming  the>-  being  on  military  dut.v. 

Chairman:  Mr.  J.  S.  Archibald  was  requested  to  preside  at  the 
meeting,  on  a  motion  proposed  by  Mr.  A.  F.  Wickson,  seconde.l 
b.\    Mr,  .1.    1'.    H.\nes.  and  unanimously  adopted. 


CONSTRUCTION 


305 


The  question  was  raised  as  to  the  legality  of  this  meeting  of 
the  1913-14  Council,  there  being  only  six  members  present,  while 
article  17  of  the  by-laws  of  the  Institute  require  a  quorum  of 
.seven  members. 

It  was  decided  that  the  meeting  be  held  subject  to  the  ratifica- 
tion of  its  decision  bv  the  coming  General  Annual  Assembly. 

The  minutes  of  the  meetings  of  the  Council  held  at  Calgary-, 
Alta..  on  the  15th  and  16th  September,  1913,  were  read  and 
annroved. 

It  was  proposed  bv  Mr.  F.  S.  Baker,  seconded  by  Mr.  J.  \\ .  H. 
Watts,  and  resolved  that:  The  minutes  accumulated  by  cor- 
respondence during  the  war  be  referred  to  the  General  Annual 
Assembly  for  approval  with  the  suggestion  that  in  future  each 
Provincial  delegation  appoint  a  convenor  who  will  call  a  meeting 
of  the  local  delegation  to  prepare  and  dispatch  an  answer  thereto. 

The  Hon.   Treasurer  reported  as  follows: 

Receipts    $  S78 .  28 

Kxnenses    396 .  38 

Balance   in   Bank    ?  481 .  90 

ASSETS: 

Ontario  .Association  2  years  in  arrears,  about |  304.00 

Alberta  Association  2  years  in  arrears,  about 250.00 

.Saskatchewan  .Association  1  year  in  arrears,  about 125.00 

Total     $  679.00 

Moved  by  Mr.  J.  W.  H.  Watts,  seconded  by  Mr.  Alcide  Chausse. 
and  resolved:  that  the  Seventh  General  .Annual  -Assembly,  which 
was  postponed  from  the  21st  and  22nd  September,  1914,  be  held 
at  Quebec,  as  decided  by  the  Calgary  Assembly,  on  the  8th  and 
9th  September,  1916.  and  that  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  General 
Annual  .Assemblies,  which  were  deferred  on  account  of  the 
conditions  created  by  the  European  war,  be  held  at  the  same 
nlace  and  the  same  time,  so  as  to  bring  the  affairs  of  the 
Institute  to  date. 

Moved  by  Mr.  F.  S.  Baker,  seconded  by  Mr.  J.  1'.  Hynes,  and 
resolved:  that  the  postponed  General  Annual  Assemblies  be  held 
with  the  least  expenses,  and  that  none  be  authorized  in  con- 
nection with  these  assemblies,  except  the  sending  of  the  notices 
and  any  small  expense  essential  to  obtaining  room  for  the 
nT^etines.  etc. 

The    Hon.    Secretary    reported    as    follows: 

There  are  on  the  books  of  the  Royal  .Architectural  Institute 
of  Canada  573  members,  classed  as  follows: 

Alberta    .Association    of   .Architects    70 

Manitoba  .Association   of  .Architects    47 

Ontario   .Association   of    .Architects    170 

Provmce  of  Quebec  Association  of  .Architects 151 

Saskatchewan  .Association  of  -Architects 67 

Not  belonging  to  federated  -Associations    31 

Honorary  members   21 

Corresponding  members    ■. .      ig 

573 

It  was  decided  that  the  following  matters  be  left  for  consider- 
ation by  the  Council  at  its  next  meeting: 

-vrrears  due  by  federated  associations. 

Federation  of   British  Columbia  Societies  of  Architects. 

Re-election  o:  Fellows  R.  A.  1.  C 

R.    -A.   I.    C.    lledal. 

Celebration  of  the  Tenth  Anniversary  in   1917. 

Ottawa  .Architectural  Competition. 

The  Hon.  Secretary  submitted  a  list  of  the  members  of  the 
i?K^''«'^r'l".j''*"'''*'  Institute  of  Canada,  who  have  enlisted. 
This  Roll  of  Honor  comprises  19  members  from  the  Province  of 
fcaskatchewan;  12  from  the  Province  of  Manitoba;  10  from  tho 
I  rovince  of  Quebec;  no  information  has  been  received  on  this 
subject  from  the  Provinces  of  -Alberta  and  Ontario  As  we  have 
no  federation  with  the  architectural  organizations  in  the  Pro- 
vinces of  British  Columbia,  New  Brunswick.  Prince  Edward 
}..^f1  r^Jl  ^"'^'^  .Scotia,  we  have  no  information  from  these 
pjirts  of  the  Dominion,  but  it  is  estimated  that  there  are  nres-ntlv 
serving  the  King  and  the  Empire  over  100  Canadian  architec"ts 

It  \yas  unanimously  resolved  that  thanks  be  voted  to  the 
ms^''meetmg^"'"°"  "^  •^■chitects  for  the  use  of  their  rooms  for 

w^s'Td^urlTell.""  °^^'"'   ""^'"'^^^   ''^f'"'^   the   Chair  the   meeting 

Among  the  items  of  general  business  was  an 
application  for  federation  from  the  Architec- 
tural Institute  of  British  Columbia  (Incorpor- 
ated). It  was  decided,  however,  to  take  no 
action  as  it  was  felt  that  the  two  bodies  in  the 
province  should  get  together  as  no  progress 
could  be  made  without  unanimitj'. 

The  matter  of  the  election  of  Fellows  was  also 
discussed,  and  it  was  decided  to  adhere  to  the 
position  taken  at  the  Calgary  a.sseiubly.  It  will 
be  left  to  the  provincial  bodies  to  nominate  men 
whom  they  consider  worthy  of  such  honor  and 
the  nomination  will  then  be  passed  upon  bv  the 
Council. 

With  reii-ard  to  the  next  place  of  meeting,  Mr. 
.].  ^\'.  H.  Watts  introduced  a  resolution  that  the 
next  Assembly  be  held  at  Hamilton,  upon  a  date 
to  be  fl.xed  by  Coimoil,  but  it  was  decided  to 
leave  the  whole  iiKittcr  in  the  hands  of  the 
Council. 


Following  upon  tlie  suggestion  in  the  Presi- 
dential address,  it  was  decided  to  suspend  all 
fees  from  members  wlio  have  enlisted  for  active 
service.  Along  similar  lines,  it  was  decided 
that  fees  should  be  payable  by  fiiTns  only  in  the 
province  where  they  are  registered,  thus  re- 
lieving members  registered  in  more  than  one 
province  of  being  compelled  to  i)ay  fees  two  oi' 
three  times  over. 

Upon  taking  up  the  (luestion  of  the  election 
of  officers  and  Council  for  191()-1917,  Mr.  J.  H. 
a.  Russell  was  nominated  for  re-election  but 
declined  the  honor  for  a  further  term,  although 
strongly  urged  to  accept.  The  following  list 
was  therefore  adopted : 

President.  — Mr.  J.  P.  Ouellet,  Quebec. 

Vice  Presidents. — Mr.  A.  Frank  Wickson, 
Toronto :  Mr.  W.  B.  Van  Egmond,  Regina. 

Hon.  Secretary.  — Mr.  Alcide  Chausse,  Mont- 
real. 

Hon.  Treas.-Mr.  J.  W.  H.  Watts,  Otlawn. 

Council.— -Messrs.  James  Henderson,  R.  P. 
Blackey,  W.  D.  Cromarty,  J.  H.  G.  Russell,  H. 
E.  Matthews,  W.  P.  Over,  C.  W.  Acton  Bond. 
J.  P.  Hynes,  C.  P.  Meredith,  J.  W.  H.  Watts, 
1).  R.  Brown,  A.  B.  Champagne,  Joseph  Per- 
rault,  R.  6.  Bunyard,  A.  G.  Creighton,  H. 
Cooper.  .  » . 

Canada's  Heavy  Fire  Loss 

In  war  time,  and  while  many  interests  are 
urging  thrift  and  economy,  the  Canadian  people 
are  burning  up  their  created  resources  at  a  much 
greater  rate  this  year  than  last. 

During  the  first  five  months  of  1916,  the  fire 
loss  in  Canada  has  exceeded  that  of  January  to 
May,  1915,  by  approximately  $3,000,000,  or 
$600,000  per  month. 

Canada  has  need  of  all  her  financial  resources. 
She  is'borrowing  money  to  carry  on  the  war,  and 
is  paying  5  per  cent,  interest  thereon.  The  ad- 
ditional fire  loss  of  1916  would  therefore  pay 
the  interest  charge  on  the  recent  war  loan  of 
$100,000,000,  and  would  pay  $:2,200,000  of  the 
principal.  Canada's  average  annual  fire  loss,  of 
over  $23,000,000,  would  pay  5  per  cent,  interest 
on  approximately  half  a  billion  dollar.s.  Our 
fire  loss  is,  however,  something  for  which  we 
are  receiving  no  value,  either  financial  or 
patriotic;  it  is  simply  a  tax,  due  in  great  part  to 
careles.sness,  which  Canadians  appear  willing  to 
pay,  and  which  they,  as  a  whole,  are  doing  little 
to  avert.  .  »  . 

Ji fides  icciuiicd  in  the  building  trade.— -A 
coriespondent  in  New  Zealand  is  anxious  to  get 
in  touch  with  Canadian  manufacturers  of  the 
following  articles  reiiuired  in  the  building  trade : 
Roofing  materials,  iron,  asi)lialt,  asbestos,  tiles, 
or  cement,  timber,  heating  apparatus,  coolers, 
sanitation,  ventilation,  waterproofing  materials, 
cements,  paints,  etc.  — Xo.  1089,  Trade  Enquiries. 


M)6 


CONSTRUCTION 


OCNSTRUCIOI 

h-  JOURNAL-  FOR  THE    ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERfNC  •  AND  •  OONTRACTINC 

IKTERESTS  •  OF    CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER.  LIMITED.  PUBLISHERS 

WESTON  WRIGLEY.  GENERAL  MANAGER 
Corner  Richmond  and  Sbeppard  Streets 
Toronto  -  -  Canada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 

MONTREAL— 171  St.  Jam«s  Street 

K.    !{.    MilliiiK,    Kopiesentatlve. 

WINNIPEG— 336  Qu'Appelle  Street 

Tolpphone  Cijirry  322(5. 
F.    v.    rii'kwcll.    Ilcprescntative. 

NEW   YORK— 156  Fifth  Avenue 

A.     H.    Lowe,    Representative 


CORRESPONDENCE. — All  correspondenoe  should  be  addressed 
til  •■(Ht.NSTKl'CTION."  Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard 
Streets,  Toronto,  Canada. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS,— Canada  and  Great  Hritain,  $3.00  per  annum. 
I'nited  States,  the  Continent  and  all  Postal  Union  countries. 
$4.00  per  annum.  In  advance.     SiuRle  copies,  SBc. 

ADVERTISEMENTS. — Changes  of.  or  new  advertisements  must 
reach  the  Head  Ollice  not  later  than  the  twentieth  of  the 
month  precedinK  publication,  to  ensure  insertion.  Mailing 
date  is  on  the  tenth  of  each  month.  Advertising  rates  on 
application. 

CONTRIBUTIONS.  The  Kditor  will  be  glad  to  consider  con- 
trihutioTiH  ilealinK  with  matters  of  general  interest  to  the 
readers  of  this  .lournal.  When  payment  is  desired,  this  fact 
should  be  stated.  We  are  always  glad  to  receive  the  loan 
of  photographs  and  plans  of  interesting  Canadian  work.  The 
originals  will  be  carefulv   preserved  and  duy  returned. 

Entered  as  Second  Class  Matter  In  the  Post  Office  at  Toronto, 
Canada, 


FRASKR  S.  KEITH     - 


EDITOR  ANT>  M/\XAGER 


Vol.  IX    Toronto,  September,  1916     No.  9 


Government' s  Lack  of  Patriotism. 

WlitMi  till'  (iovoriiiiieiit  of  Canada  sees  fit,  as  it 
lias  (lone,  to  otTor  a  gratuitous  insult  to  tlie  eii- 
ginccriiio-,  arcliiti'ctui-al  and  contract ini;-  inter- 
ests in  this  country,  it  is  sui-cly  time  for  a  vigor- 
ous protest.  In  giviim-  the  designinj>-  and  erect- 
ing of  the  new  Dominion  arsenal  at  Lindsay  to 
a  New  York  firm,  it  has  been  guilty  of  a  crime 
against  the  jiuhlic  welfare,  which  should  not  be 
tolerated  by  the  people  of  the  Dominion. 

The  weak-kneed  attempt  on  the  part  of  the 
Hon.  .\.  10.  Kemp  to  justify  the  action  of  the 
(rovernment  in  giving  this  work  to  a  foreign 
('onii)any,  by  inferring  tliat  Canadian  architect^, 
engineers  and  contractors  were  not  competent 
to  undertake  this  imiiortant  work,  is  adding 
further  insult  to  injury,  and  like  hitting  a  man 
below  the  licit  after  he  has  been  struck  on  the 
face.  Failing  to  find  an  excuse  for  getting  out- 
siders to  do  work  for  which  the  people  of  Can- 
ada are  paying,  and  which  could  be  as  well  done 
by  iiicii  who  arc  going  to  l)e  called  upon  to  jiay 
their  share  of  the  up-keep  of  this  (iovernuu'nt 


institution,  the  wouhl-be  defender  of  the  (Jov- 
ernmcnt's  action  takes  it  upon  liiinself  to  be- 
little the  ability  of  tiie  men  already  injured. 

From  the  method  pursued  in  placing  the  ar- 
senal contract,  the  Caiunlian  (Jovernment  proves 
itself  guilty  of  stupendous  ignoi-ance  and  a  lack 
of  loyalty  and  patriotism,  intolerable  at  any 
time,  but  under  existing  conditions  and  cii'cimi 
stances  little  short  of  criminal.  Its  ignorance 
of  the  fact  that  there  is  hardly  a  building  in  the 
I'nited  States,  either  public  or  private,  that 
could  not  have  been  as  well  desifj;ned  by  Cana- 
dian architects,  or  erected  by  Canadian  con- 
tractors, might  be  excused,  l)ut  its  treasonable 
disloyalty  to  the  ur'U  who  have  been  afifected  l)y 
the  war  more  adversely  than  any  other  group, 
is  unpardonable. 

The  history  of  shell-making  in  this  country 
otters  an  object  lesson  to  all  who  yet  fail  to  pos- 
sess a  due  sense  of  the  resourcefulness  of  Cana- 
dians in  an  emergency.  When  the  war  broke  out 
the  metal-working  industry  was  at  a  low  ebb. 
Shell-making  meant  its  salvation.  No  experts 
in  this  line  were  available.  Turning  out  shells 
presented  i)roblems  and  difficulties  beyond  any- 
thing ever  attempted  l)y  mechanical  engineers 
and  expert  mechanics  in  this  countiw.  The  prob- 
lems i)resented  were  met  with  and  solved  by  a 
display  of  inventive  adaptibility  that  was  little 
short  of  marvelous.  So  well  was  the  work  done 
that  experts  came  from  the  Cnited  States  to 
study  our  methods  and  get  ideas.  Editors  of 
mechanical  papei's  from  across  the  line  came  for 
information,  with  which  they  enlightened  their 
readers  as  to  how  mechanical  difficulties  in  shell- 
making  were  overcome.  Britisji  jjapers  freely 
copied  Canadian  literature  describing  Canadian 
methods.  The  Government  of  Australia  issued 
an  official  booklet  tm  shell-making  to  aid  the 
numufacturers  of  that  country.  The  informa- 
tion in  that  booklet  was  obtained  in  Canada. 
Yet,  according  to  our  own  Government,  the 
breed  of  nu>n  who  accomplished  this  could  not 
be  entrusted  with  the  comparatively  simple 
problem  of  designing  and  erecting  a  munition 
manufacturing  plant. 

The  day  the  corner-stone  of  tlie  Dominion  ar- 
senal was  being  laid  with  great  pomp  and  cere- 
mony in  Lindsay  by  Sir  Sam  Hughes,  members 
of  the  Canadian  Manufacturers'  Association 
were  in  Xew  York  putting  in  tenders  for  ma- 
terial for  this  building.  Toronto  manufacturers 
found  it  necessary  to  go  to  the  Fnited  States  in 
order  to  get  a  chance  to  bid  for  a  share  in  sup- 
plying their  material  to  a  building  for  which  the 
peo])le  of  (^anada  are  paying.  Could  al)surdity 
be  extended  furthei'? 

In  striking  contrast  to  this  free  and  easy 
method  on  the  part  of  the  Government  and  pri- 
vate corporations  of  ignoring  Canadian  wortli 
and  ability  at  the  expense  of  the  general  welfare 


CONSTRUCTION 


307 


of  the  couiitiy,  is  the  wall  iiiipo.sed  against  us  by 
the  federal  (loveniinent  of  the  United  States. 
As  an  actual  illustration  of  this  might  be  men- 
tioned the  case  of  a  Hamilton  architect  who 
competed  for,  and  won,  a  competition  on  a  build- 
ing which  was  to  be  erected  in  a  city  not  far  from 
the  Canadian  border.  This  .successful  architect, 
whose  work  was  judged  on  its  merit,  was  not  al- 
lowed to  enter  the  United  States  to  superintend 
the  erection  of  the  building.    Tlie  federal  law  of 


the  United  States  includes  under  their  Alien 
Tjabor  Act,  which  controls  the  entry  of  foreign 
labor  into  their  i)orders,  and  places  in  the  same 
class  as  mechanics,  the  architect,  the  engineer, 
and  the  coutractoi-. 

Tt  is  uj)  to  us  as  architects,  as  engineers,  as 
contractors,  as  manufacturers,  to  see  that  our 
own  laws  are  made  at  least  as  far-reaching  as 
those  of  our  neighbor,  where  it  is  in  the  public 
interest  to  do  so. 


An  Anomalous  Situation  Requires  Action 

Conditions  Existent  in  the   Affairs   of   Architects,   Engineers   and    Contractors   in    Canada 

Necessitate  Joint  Action  on  the  Part  of  the  Royal  Architectural  Institute   of 

Canada,  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  the  Builders' 

Exchanges  and  Canadian  Manufacturers  Association. 


The  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  real- 
izing the  injustice  being  done  to  the  engineering 
profession  culminating  in  the  appointment  of  an 
American  engineer  as  advisor  to  the  Canadian 
(lovernment  Commission  on  railway  affairs,  has 
issued  a  circular  under  date  of  Se])tember  7tli, 
calling  for  the  co-operation  of  every  member  of 
Society.     The  circular  says  in  part: 

"The  above  Commission  immediately  ap- 
pointed an  American  engineer  as  its  advisor, 
and  instructed  him  to  organize  a  corps  of  en- 
gineers for  valuation  and  advisory  work.  We 
wish  to  record  our  strong  condemnation  of  the 
jjolicy  of  placing  in  the  hand  of  aliens  the  en- 
gineering work  of  a  commission  appointed  by 
the  Canadian  Government  to  investigate  Can- 
adian railways  for  which  the  Canadian  com- 
numity  has  paid. 

The  inferences  to  be  drawn  fi'om  the  employ- 
ment of  aliens  in  the  above  connection  are  that 
the  Federal  (Jovernment  considers: 

Is't.  That  the  Canadian  engineers  who  built 
the  railways  are  not  competent  to  re])ort  upon 
them. 

2nd.  That  the  Canadian  universities,  in  many 
cases  enjoying  (iovernment  subsidies,  are  not 
))roducing  comi»etent  engineers;  and 

3rd.  That  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  En- 
gineers, although  embracinii'  a  membership  of 
about  three  thousand,  is  not  considered  worthy 
of  consultation  on  an  imj)ortant  engineering 
( I  nest  ion. 

The  above  mentioned  appointment  of  alien 
engineers  is  not  by  any  means  the  first  of  its 
kind,  as  many  similar  but  jmssibly  less  flagrant 
cases  have  preceded  it,  and  it  is  not  improbable 
that  the  recurrence  of  such  appointments  may 
be  due  to  the  fact  tiuit  Canadian  engineers 
neither  assert  themselves  nor  demand  recog^ 
nition. 


In  order  to  impress  upon  the  Fetleral  Gov- 
ernment the  fact  that  one  of  its  first  duties  is 
to  encourage  and  develop  the  engineering  pro- 
fession in  Canada  in  every  possible  way,  the 
Council  has  selected  this  gross  violation  of 
a  vital  principle  to  initiate  a  cami)aign  and 
impress  the  fact  that  Canadian  engineers  must 
receive  due  consideration.  The  Canadian  rail- 
ways, canals,  public  works  and  other  engineer- 
ing attainments  are  a  proof  that  Canadian 
engineers  stand  in  the  fi'ont  rank,  and  it  should 
be  (|uite  uimecessary  for  them  to  have  to  api;eal 
to  their  own  (iiovernment  for  recogniti(m. 

It  may  be  argued  in  support  of  the  present 
alien  apj)ointment  that  Canadian  engineers  are 
not  acceptable  because  many  have  been  in  the 
employ  of  the  railway  companies.  To  this  we 
would  reply  that,  as  the  C^onnnission  itself  is  to 
advise  the  Government,  basing  itself  ui)on  the 
engineering  data  given  to  it,  any  exi)erienced 
engineers  are  competent  to  collect  and  submit 
the  necessary  information  to  the  Commission. 

It  may  also  be  argued  that  the  Government 
gave  the  Commission  a  free  hand  in  the  ap- 
jx)intment  of  an  engineering  staff,  and,  since  this 
freedom  of  appointment  is  essential,  our  i)rotest 
should  be  to  the  Commission  itself.  To  this 
we  reply: 

1st.  That  when  a  ])articularly  flagrant  case 
arises  such  as  this  where  comi)etent  constructing 
and  operating  engineers  are  passed  over  in 
favor  of  alien  engineers,  the  ([uestion  of  the 
suitability  of  the  Commission  appointed  by  the 
Government  foi'  the  work  in  hand  comes  into 
(juestion. 

2nd.  A  protest  to  the  Commission  itself  would 
probably  prove  futile,  and,  even  if  successful, 
would  not  in  any  way  impress  the  Government, 
tlie  creator  of  Connnissions,  in  regard  to  future 
j)rocedure  in  matters  of  this  kind. 


3l)S 


CONSTRUCTION 


The  Coiiiicil  of  tlio  CaiiHclian  Society  of  Civil 
Kiiji:ineers,  tlierefore  asi<s  you  to  use  your  in- 
fluence in  every  way  to  diffuse  a  knowledjye  of 
tliis  nuitter  throujrliout  your  coniinuuity,  and  to 
l>laee  before  those  with  whom  you  may  come  in 
contact  the  facts  of  the  case  and  the  position  of 
euKiueers  in  relation  thereto.  Specifically,  the 
followinji'  is  recommended: 

1st.  That  you  write  to  your  representative  in 
the  Dominion  Parliament,  whetlier  (Jovernment 
or  Opposition,  scttinji;  forth  the  facts  of  the  case 
in  a  stronjf  way,  and  pointinji^  out  that  this  is 
merely  an  incident  in  a  long  course  of  similar 
procedui'es. 

L'nd.  That  you  write  in  a  similar  vein  to  those 
having  influence  with  the  Goverament  in  your 
own  community  oi'  elsewdiere. 

."{rd.  Tliat  wherever  similar  incidents  are 
brought  to  your  attention  you  voice  a  protest, 
giving  the  facts  to  your  local  branch  of  the 
Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers  or  to  the 
Secretary  at  Montreal  in  such  a  manner  that 
the  Council  may  deal  therewith. 

4th.  That  you  do  not  delay  acting  in  this 
matter  as  above  outlined,  but  proceed  to-day 
to  do  what  you  can  to  bring  every  pressure  to 
bear  in  every  direction  for  the  good  of  the  en- 
gineering comnumity  in  Canada." 

Instead  of  acting  independently,  a  stronger 
case  could  l)e  presented  with  a  more  reasonable 
hope  of  accomplislnnent  if  tlie  Canadian  Society 
of  (^ivil  Engineers  joined  with  the  Royal  Archi- 
tectural Institute  of  Canada,  and  the  various 
Provincial  Builders'  Exchanges,  and  then  in 
turn  secured  the  support  of  the  Canadian  Man- 
ufacturers' Association.  The  influence  of  these 
organizations  acting  together  would  be  power- 
ful enough  to  obtain  the  object  we  desire. 

CORRESPONDENCE 

The  opinions  [)ublished  herewith,  of  men  oc- 
cupying important  positions,  confirm  the  stand 
taken  by  "Construction"  that  we  are  face  to 
face  with  a  situation  calling  for  action. 
♦    *    * 
Toronto,  September  6,  lf)l(i. 
Flditor,  CoxsTKucTioN,  Toronto: 

The  Toronto  Chapter  of  the  Ontario  Asso- 
ciation of  Architects  has,  for  the  i)ast  year,  been 
interested  in  the  extraordinaiy  conditions  of 
architectural  practice  with  which  we  find  our- 
selves confronted. 

It  appears  that  buildings  costing  over  six 
million  dollars  have  been  designed  by  Ameri- 
can architects  since  the  beginning  of  the  War, 
and  apiiarently  the  end  is  not  yet. 

CoxsTiu-cTiox  imblished  in  the  issue  of 
August  of  this  year,  the  i-eply  of  the  I'.  S.  Immi- 
gration Coniniissioner  quoting  the  laws  of  the 
Cnited    States   as   ai)plied   to   Canadian   archi- 


tects, engineers  and  contractors  desiring  to  do 
business  in  that  country. 

•While  Canadian  architects  are  absolutely 
barred  from  following  their  profession  in  the 
I'nited  States,  should  such  an  op})ortunity  be 
off'ered  to  any  of  us,  our  country  freely  admits 
architects  from  the  Cnited  States  to  i)ractice 
here.  The  present  laws  of  Canada  governing 
the  control  of  drawings  from  other  countries, 
while  imposing  a  duty  on  the  value  of  the  work 
involved,  do  not  j)revent  the  alien  architects 
from  coming  here  to  i)ractice  temporarily. 
They  would  be  welcome  if  they  came  here  to 
stay.  Tt  would  seem  only  the  most  elementary 
act  of  self-defense  to  have  our  laws  agree  with 
the  laws  of  the  United  States,  and  definitely 
prohibit  such  alien  emi)loyment. 

When  one  stops  to  consider  that  the  Ameri- 
can architect,  being  more  familiar  with  his 
luitive  building  materials,  specifies  these  in  pre- 
ference to  similar  (Canadian  building  materials, 
the  great  injustice  done  to  our  business  and 
manufacturing  industries  is  realized.  Again, 
in  the  awarding  of  contracts  the  same  prefer- 
ence is  seen,  and  foreign  contractors  secure  the 
greater  share  of  such  work. 

The  exi)erience  of  those  of  us  who  have  been 
considering  conditions  during  the  past  year 
shows  that  a  cami)aign  of  education  of  the  public 
is  just  as  vital  to  our  interests  as  the  alien  labor 
law.  It  is  quite  evident  that  our  commercial 
concerns  and  financial  men  need  to  realize  that 
there  is  not  the  necessity  to  go  out  of  the  coim- 
try  for  what  the  country  needs  in  professional 
services  and  also  in  the  bulk  of  building  mater- 
ials. 

It  is  difficult  to  say  definitely  what  has  caused 
this  tendency  towards  the  employment  of  alien 
architects  for  business  and  manufacturing  con- 
cerns, there  ma.y  be  several  contributing  causes; 
but  it  would  seem  that  the  desire  for  specialists 
was  the  first.  Specialization  is  not  to  be  decried, 
we  can  use  all  there  now  is,  and  need  more,  in 
tlie  engineering  sciences  connected  with  build- 
ing, but  not  in  architecture.  All  tlie  modern 
education  and  training  required  of  architects 
would  go  for  naught,  if  they  were  compelled  to 
become  specialists  in  particular  kinds  of  com- 
mercial buildings.  The  principles  controlling 
construction  are  not  confined  to  any  one  class 
or  group  of  buildings,  and  an  architect  can  com- 
plete successful  buildings  for  different  kinds  of 
manufacturing  or  business  concerns  when  he  is 
given  the  i)roi)er  information  and  the  owners 
know  what  they  require.  Some  of  the  most 
successful  buildings  in  the  United  States  to-day 
are  the  first  of  that  particular  class  of  building 
which  the  architects  thereof  were  commissioned 
to  do.  Those  buildings  were  successes  because 
the  owners  knew  what  thev  wanted  for  their 


CONSTRUCTION 


309 


particular  needs,  and  the  architects  were  able 
to  harmonize  all  the  various  needs  through  hav- 
ing- been  given  such  information. 

Tnmgine  the  case  of  a  business  concern  about 
to  erect  a  new  building  of  which  there  is  no 
similar  building  in  this  country.  There  may  be 
several  buildings  of  this  ty})e  across  the  border, 
and  instead  of  the  Canadian  concern  going 
across  and  l)ringing  back  the  alien  architect 
for  the  Canadian  building,  let  the  owners  take 
the  Canadian  architect  across  with  them;  and, 
if  necessary,  send  him  to  different  cities  to 
gather  the  i)articular  information  needed.  This 
is  not  a  new  principle  but  has  been  used  by  other 
owners  in  other  countries  for  years. 

In  our  campaign  of  education  it  is  desirable 
that  the  various  architectural  associations 
should  all  work  together.  The  London  Chapter 
of  the  Ontario  Association  of  Architects  has 
already  signified  its  desire  to  help  in  securing 
the  legislation  we  seek;  and  there  was  recently 
an  informal  meeting  between  the  Provincial 
Builders  Exchange  and  some  of  the  Council  of 
the  O.  A.  A.  All  this  is  in  the  right  direction. 
We  have  been  offered  heli)  in  such  a  campaign 
from  several  sources  and  are  hopeful  of  great 
results.  It  would  seem  to  be  conforming  to  the 
spirit  of  the  convention,  called  for  this  fall  by 
the  Department  of  Trade  and  Commerce,  if  the 
Architectural  Associations  could  have  some 
comprehensive  scheme  prepared,  to  be  presented 
before   that   (Convention. 

Yours  very  truly, 

R.  K.  Shepard, 
Chairman,  Toronto  Chapter, 

Ontario  Association  of  Architects. 
*    *    * 

Department  of  City  Architect  and  Superintend- 
ent of  Building. 

Toronto,  Sept.  1st,  1916. 
Editor,  Construction,  Toronto : 

1  beg  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  let- 
ter of  July  17tli,  1916,  in  which  you  request  my 
opinion  on  the  subject  of  "bettering  conditions 
for  architects." 

In  reply  would  say  that  I  think  your  paper  is 
taking  a  much-needed  stand  i)i  this  matter  and  is 
to  be  congratulated  therefor. 

The  Commission  of  Conservation  have  noti- 
fied me  that  they  have  undertaken  the  important 
task  of  investigating  the  extent  of  fire  losses 
and  efficiency  of  fire  protection  in  Canada,  with 
a  view  to  suggesting  some  means  whereby  the 
present  de{)lorable  waste  of  fire  may  be  cur- 
tailed. They  also  stated  that  they  favored  a 
uniform  building  code  for  all  Provinces,  setting 
out  a  standard  of  minimum  building  refjuire- 
ments,  gradtni  according  to  the  population  of 
the  towns  to  wiiich  applicable. 


By  referring  to  the  above  extracts  fi'om  the 
Commission,  I  think  they  have  given  one  of  the 
best  arguments  possible  why  architects  should 
have  the  ])roi)er  training,  and,  having  accpiired 
the  necessary  experience,  then  be  adequately 
protected,  as  it  is  self-evident  that  unless  the 
architect  can  interpret  the  building  code,  using 
the  fibre  stresses  given  as  well  as  the  other  re- 
(piirements,  the  building  code  would  be  null  and 
void.  This  is  particularly  so  in  towns  where 
there  is  no  i)roperly  equipped  building  depart- 
ment, as  it  would  be  a  very  slow  and  laborious 
thing  if  all  plans  had  to  be  submitted  to  some 
central  bureau  miles  away,  and  then  have  it 
necessary  for  the  owner  or  architect  to  travel 
miles  to  change  plans  and  specifications  that  did 
not  agree  with  some  i)art  of  the  code. 

When  you  consider  the  great  confidence  that 
the  public  have  to  place  in  the  work  of  the  archi- 
tects in  entering  large  buildings,  and  in  ninety- 
nine  out  of  one  hundred  cases  they  do  not  even 
know  who  the  architect  was,  it  is  surprising  that 
the  public  has  not  insisted  on  the  architects  be- 
ing properly  trained,  not  only  from  the  artistic 
side,  but  also  from  the  constructional  i)oint  of 
view,  because,  after  all,  it  makes  very  little  dif- 
ference to  a  person  as  to  the  beauty  of  the  build- 
ing if  it  should  fall  down  on  top  of  them. 

When  you  consider  the  fact  that  the  Univer- 
sity of  Toronto  gives  at  present  a  splendid 
course  in  architecture,  it  seems  to  me  that  legis- 
lation similar  to  what  is  enacted  to  ])rotect  doc- 
tors, lawyers,  etc.,  could  be  enacted  and  put  on  a 
first-class  basis  at  once  without  any  extra  cost  to 
the  government. 

Upon  talking  with  numerous  architects  in  To- 
ronto on  the  subject,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that 
the  first  step  in  securing  legislation  of  the  nature 
given  above  would  be  to  have  all  the  architects  at 
present  i)ractising  practically  unanimous  on  the 
subject,  and  I  find  that  the  most  of  them  would 
be  pleased  to  have  such  an  Act  passed. 

As  Canada  has  a  great  future  ahead  of  it,  it 
seems  reasonable  to  have  the  change  made  as 
soon  as  possible. 

Yours  truly, 

W.  W.  Pearse, 
City  Architect  and  Supt.  of  Buildinf/. 
*    *    * 

The  Provincial  Builders'  and  Sujjply  Associa- 
tion of  Ontario. 
Office  of  Secretary. 

Toronto,  Aug.  :51st,  1916. 
Editor,  Construction,  Toronto: 

I  have  read  with  interest  the  articles  you  have 
written  in  your  issues  of  July  and  August  upon 
the  injustice  being  done  to  both  Canadian  archi- 
tects and  Canadian  contractors  by  the  employ- 
ment, by  Canadian  owners  and  manufacturers, 


310 


CONSTRUCTION 


of  Anu'riciui  arcliitocts  and  contrm'tors  to  do 
their  work,  as  evidenced  hy  the  fiKures  men- 
tioned in  tlie  said  articles. 

Tliat  there  is  seriouH  need  of  action  lyeinji 
tai<en  is  evidenced  by  tlie  fact  tliat  the  Wni. 
Davies  Coinpany  have  just  awarded  the  contract 
for  their  larf?e  new  building  to  a  (Miicaf,'o  firm  of 
contractors,  under  Chicaf?o  arcliitects,  and  tlie 
same  course  was,  as  you  know,  followed  by 
another  Toronto  company  in  the  awarding;:  of 
the  works  on  their  new  mail  order  building  and 
the  employees'  home. 

Tn  such  cases  as  these  I  think  that  the  Cana- 
dian Manufacturers'  Association  should  take  ac- 
tion, and  so  emphasize  their  much  advertised 
slogan,  printed  broadcast  some  months  ago,  en- 
titled-'Tanada  for  the  Canadians.'' 

It  seems  to  me  that  the  first  steps  to  combat 
this  foreign  invasion  should  be  taken  by  the 
architects,  primarily  in  seeking  legislation  for 
their  protection,  such  as  you  mention  in  your 
articles,  for  it  is  generally  the  influence  of  the 
foreign  architect  that  induces  the  client  to  em- 
ploy the  foreign  contractor,  and,  therefore,  if 
such  legislation  were  obtained,  the  contractor 
would  also  obtain  jjrotection.  There  is  also  the 
nuitter  of  customs  duty  on  plans  ])repared  out- 
side Caimda,  amounting  at  the  present  time  to 
;5()  pel'  cent,  of  1  per  cent,  of  the  value  of  the 
building,  and,  although  the  claim  has  been  put 
forward  that  foreign  architects  could  and  do 
evade  the  duty  by  bringing  in  just  rough 
sketches,  and  sending  draughtsmen  here  to  per- 
fect and  complete  the  same,  I  feel  that  the  law- 
can  be  cimstrued  to  cover  such,  and,  if  not,  then 
legislation  should  be  sought  to  have  the  Act 
amended  to  do  so,  as  T  think  that  if  it  was 
pointed  out  to  an  owner  contemplating  erecting, 
say,  a  five  hundred  thousand  dollar  building, 
that  in  the  event  of  his  employing  a  foreign  arch- 
itect he  would  have  an  additional  cost  over  the 
said  architect's  fees  of  fifteen  hundred  dollars 
for  duty,  he  would  be  inclined  to  en(iuire  into  the 
abilit-ies  of  the  Canadian  architect  and  the  Can- 
adian contractor. 

The  Canadian  contractor  is  largely  (le])endent 
upon  his  architect  for  work,  although  it  is  true 
that  these  so-called  general  contractors,  who 
come  from  the  States,  generally  sub-let  the  ma- 
jority of  the  works  to  the  local  men,  but  it  is  the 
inainuM-  in  which  they  do  so  that  is  the  greatest 
disgrace  and  liiirdship  to  us.  They  come,  say,  to 
Toronto  to  figure  a  job,  and  call  upon  all  the 
local  men  to  give  them  figures,  and,  when  they 
themselves  have  been  awarded  the  contract,  in- 
stead of  awarding  the  sub-contract-;  to  the  con- 
tractors whose  figures  secured  them  the  work, 
they  immediately  proceed  to  ))eddle  for  new  fig- 
ure-;.     In   other  words,  instead   of  contractors, 


the   majority   are   nothing  more  or   less   than 
hrukcrs. 

As  I  said  before,  the  Canadian  Manufactur- 
ers' Associaticm  shoukl  take  this  matter  up  with 
their  members  and  try  to  induce  them  to 
strengthen  the  other  industries  and  professions 
of  their  country  by  employing  them,  as  it  is  oidy 
by  the  strength  and  solidity  of  all  the  constituent 
trades  and  industries  that  Canada  can  become 
the  great  and  powerful  country  that  she  is  en- 
titled to  be,  and  surely  all  true  and  loyal  citizens 
can  have  no  other  wish  than  to  see  her  in  that 
position.  Yours  truly, 

A.  E.  Flower, 

Secretari)- 

*    *    * 

The  Architectural  Institute  of  British  Columbia, 
Office  of  the  Hon.  Sec'y. 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Editor,  CoNSTRUcTioJj,  Toronto: 

In  recent  times  a  well-knowTi  Vancouver 
building  owner  proclaimed  from  a  public  plat- 
fonn  that  it  was  the  duty  of  all  residents  of 
British  Columbia  to  deal  with  business  men  and 
firms  establislRHl  within  the  Province,  and  this 
at  a  time  when  a  very  large  building  named  after 
him  was  nearing  completion,  under  the  supervis- 
ion of  architects  whose  residence  was  in  the 
United  States,  although  they  had  a  temporary 
branch  office  in  Vancouver;  a  building  con- 
tractor brought  from  the  same  [)lace,  and  in  the 
construction  of  which  a  very  large  amount  of 
American  manufactured  material  had  been  used. 

Complaints  have  been  continuously  made  by 
architects,  engineers,  contractors  and  manufac- 
turers of  building  materials  in  the  Province  of 
British  Columbia  that  an  injustice  is  being  done 
to  them  in  the  way  that  a  very  large  amount  of 
construction  w-ork  in  this  Province  has  been  for 
the  last  six  or  seven  years,  and  still  continues  to 
be,  designed  and  erected  by  Americans,  and  of 
American  material,  and  that  these  American 
architects,  engineers  and  contractors  may  or 
may  not  have  branch  or  temporary  offices  here, 
but  are  in  any  case  non-residents  of  Canada,  and 
that  it  is  reasonable  to  assume  that  the  profits 
they  make  will  be  entirely  lost  to  the  country. 

Such  non-residents  have  no  community  inter- 
ests in  this  country,  and,  unlike  the  Americans 
who  i)ermanently  reside  here,  merely  invade  it 
as  exploiters  prepared  to  close  down  their 
branch  or  temporary  offices  during  periods  of 
dei)ression;  ])ursuing,  at  a  distance,  a  policy  of 
"watchful  waiting"  until  business  revives. 

The  opening  i)aragraph  of  this  letter  cites 
only  one  of  many  instances  of  the  i)articular 
kind  of  glaring  inconsistency  i)ractised  by  cer- 
tain building  owners  in  this  Province. 

^foreover,  it  is  remarkable  that  this  absence 


CONSTRUCTION 


311 


of  patriotic  and  public  spirit  has  been  more  par- 
ticularly exhibited  by  many  of  tliose  individuals, 
firms  and  corporations  whose  cliief  purpose  and 
interest  in  promoting-  the  erection  of  strvictures 
is  that,  either  as  owners  of  office  buildinj>s,  bank- 
ers, public  service  corporations  or  privileged 
manufacturers,  they  may  seek  the  support  of 
and  make  profit  out  of  the  Canadian  public,  and, 
while  objecting  to  foreign  competition  them- 
selves, entirely  disregard  all  moral  and  business 
obligations  to  patronize  and  supi)ort  such  as 
may  be  possible  of  the  various  branches  of  Can- 
adian business  endeavor  carried  on  in  their 
midst,  and  by  sections  of  the  public  to  whom 
they  appeal  for  patronage  and  support.  For  it 
should  be  borne  in  mind,  even  in  the  case  where 
American  capital  is  introduced  into  Canada, 
that  it  is  done  solely  with  the  object  that  it  will 
from  the  resources  of  the  country  return  profits 
to  its  owners,  and  surely  it  is  no  more  than  rea- 
sonable to  recpiire  the  capitalists  exploiting  the 
country  for  their  own  benefit,  that  in  so  doing 
they  should  patronize  and  emjilov  the  residents 
of  it. 

The  Pantages  Theatre  Co.  is  the  latest  in- 
stance where  the  i)ublic  of  British  Columbia  is 
to  be  asked  to  support  and  give  profit  to  a  com- 
pany whose  first  move  in  building  their  new 
theatre  is  to  ignore  the  resident  and  employ  an 
American  architect  residing  in  the  United 
States. 

That  there  is  no  excuse  for  this  condition  of 
affairs  in  this  instance,  or  any  other,  needs  no 
demonstration,  since  Canadians  in  all  these 
branches  of  work  are  not  one  whit  less  compe- 
tent than  their  brethren  over  the  line. 

That  the  American  architect  or  engineer  is 
largely  responsible  for  the  introduction  of  the 
American  builder  and  material  has  often  been 
conclusively  proved,  not  only  in  the  West,  but  in 
the  East. 

Figures  issued  by  the  Builders'  Exchange  of 
Ontario  show  that  during  the  year  1915  plans 
and  specifications  were  prepared  by  American 
architects  for  work  amounting  to  $2,7(59,000,  and 
that  as  the  result  of  this  favoring  of  American 
architects,  only  $90,000  worth  of  this  work  was 
executed  by  Canadian  builders. 

Moreover,  during  this  i)eriod  plans  had  been 
prepared  by  American  architects  for  buildings 
to  be  erected  in  Canada  aggregating  $4,545,000 
in  value. 

At  the  present  time  the  Architectural  Institute 
of  British  Columbia,  Inc;,  is  unable  to  give  com- 
plete figures  on  the  lines  of  the  Builders'  Ex- 
change of  Ontario,  but  from  close  observation 
and  knowledge  of  building  conditions  for  several 
years  past,  the  Ai-cliitectural  Institute  is  of 
opinion  that  figures  would  make  even  a  worse 
showing  for  British  (Columbia  than  Ontario. 

In  Canada,  protests  of  this  kin<l  are  unfortun- 


ately only  at  the  complaint  stage,  whereas  in  the 
United  States  they  have  for  a  long  time  been  in 
the  stage  of  action,  and  not  only  do  architects', 
engineers'  and  manufacturers'  societies  very 
strongly  intervene,  but  the  American  public  will 
not  countenance  the  exploitation  of  their  coun- 
try by  non-residents. 

The  absurdity  of  the  situation  is  obvious,  and 
as  the  plea  of  patriotism  carries  no  weight,  oth- 
erwise the  situation  would  not  exist,  a  remedy 
ought  surely  to  be  found  that  will  prevent  such 
injustice  being  suffered  by  residents  having 
community  interests  and  responsibilities  in  Can- 
ada, and  which  will  also  foster  and  extend  the 
knowledge  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  look  to  and 
dei)end  ujion  the  United  States  for  men  of  abil- 
ity and  for  workmanshii)  of  (juality,  but  that 
Canada  has  among  her  own  residents  men  as 
fully  (pialified  and  capable  of  undertaking  and 
carrying  on  all  the  various  forms  of  professional 
and  commercial  endeavor  as  can  be  found  out- 
side her  borders. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  Council  of  the  Archi- 
tectural Institute  of  British  Columbia,  Inc., 
E.  Mackay  Fripp,  President. 


Stimulating  Trade 

Five  hundred  cars  of  lumber  are  being  ship- 
ped daily  from  the  mills  of  British  Columbia  to 
various  Canadian  points.  This  represents  the 
greatest  amount  of  business  in  the  history  of 
the  lumber  industry  for  the  Coast  Province.  It 
is  the  direct  and  satisfactory  result  of  the  ag- 
gressive publicity  campaign  commenced  a  few 
months  ago  by  the  Governmen/t  of  British  Col- 
umbia. In  adopting  this  policy  an  example  has 
been  set  to  the  older  Provinces  of  the  Domin- 
ion—flie  stimulating  of  a  demand  for  a  natural 
asset. 

During  the  few  months  since  an  office  was 
opened  in  Toronto  and  a  campaign  of  publicity 
commenced  the  demand  for  B.C.  lumber  in  East- 
ern Canada  has  increased  at  a  wonderful  rate. 
Architects  and  builders  are  now  able  to  see  for 
themselves  the  splendid  samples  of  the  various 
B.C.  woods,  an'^  to  judge  their  quality  and  ap- 
pearance from  the  numerous  samples  in  the  B.C. 
Lumber  Commissioner's  office  in  Toronto.  The 
B.C.  Governmemt  was  particularly  fortunate  in 
the  appointment  of  a  commissioner  as  repre- 
sentative for  Eastern  Canada.  Mr.  L.  B.  Beale, 
who  is  in  charge  as  B.C.  lumber  commissioner, 
is  not  only  an  authority  on  the  woods  and  timber 
resources  of  B.C.,  but  an  enthusiastic  and  affable 
advocate  of  their  uses.  Much  of  the  success  of 
the  B.C.  campaign  is  due  to  his  energy  and  en- 
thusiasm. Canada  needs  just  such  men,  and 
should  have  them  to-day  representing  her  in 
foreign  countries,  stimulating  an  interest  in  her 
natural  products  and  creating  a  demand  for 
them  and  for  the  output  of  her  factories. 


.UJ 


CONSTRUCTION 


CONSTRUCTION  NEWS 

Information  of  Special  Interest  to  Architects  Contractors,  and  Manufacturers. 
Construction  Building  Reports  will  Give  You  Up-to-date  Information  Every 
Day  on  all  New  Buildings  About  to  be  Erected  or  in  Course  of  Erection. 


The  outlook  for  the  building  trade  la  particularly  bright. 
The  past  month  has  marked  an  unuiual  amount  of  building  In 
Ontario  and  Quebec.  Over  five  million  dollars'  worth  of  work 
Is  now  under  way  In  Toronto  alone,  and  all  Indications  point  to 
Increased  activity. 

BUSINESS   BUILDINGS. 

H.MtlUH — rounder  Bioh.  have  received  a  contrai't  to  erect  a 
lelephone   bulldiiix  at    liarrie,    to  cost   tl5,iMIII. 

«'.\I-<1.\RY,  .\1-T.\.— Architect  W.  S.  Hates.  .Mberta  Hlock. 
liiiH  preiiared    plans   for   the    Kaiicaster    HuildiiiK. 

DKI.m.  ONT. — .\rchltect  W.  Forth,  Waterford.  haw  jirepared 
plans   for  the  new   telephone  exchanKe.   to  cost   $10,000. 

KOKT  WIIJ,1.\M.  ONT.— Seaman  &  Penniman  have  been 
awarded  the  coiiliact  to  erect  an  olflce  bulldinK  and  eight 
stores,    to   cost    $S0,000. 

H.\(JKIt.SVllJ,K,  ONT.— The  Hank  of  Hamilton  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  new  bank  building,  to  cost  $10,000. 

0.-<H.\\V.\.  (>.\T.— I'oundei-  Hros..  21  Downle  street,  Strat- 
ford, have  been  awarded  the  contract  to  erect  a  telephone 
buildhiK  on    Victoria   street. 

I'K.MBROKK.  ONT.— J.  Thackra.v,  Pem-broke,  has  prepared 
plans  for  an  olllce  block,   to  cost  $40,000. 

I'KTKKBORt).  ONT.— -Architects  Bon<l  &  Smith.  15  Wilton 
avenue.  Toronto,  have  ]>repared  plans  for  \V.  H.  Hill's  office  and 
apartments,    to    cost    $10,000. 

PORT  .XRTHl'R.  ONT.— .\rchitect  John  Warrington  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  the  (leneral  Realty  Co..  Port  Arthur,  for  a 
business    block,    to    cost    $80,000. 

SAR.VIA,  ONT— Cutteridge  &  Grace,  builders,  278  Front 
street  north,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  to  erect  an  office 
bulldinK   on    River   street. 

.SHi:RHRt)OK10.  tjUB. — Plans  are  being  prepared  for  a  new 
branch  for  the  Canadian  Bank  of  Commerce.  Mr.  CJ.  G.  Valles, 
(J7  Belvidere  street,  has  commenced  work  on  a  new  three- 
store.v   business  block,   to  cost   $4,500. 

TORt).NTO.  ONT.— .\rchitect  <;.  C.  Higgs.  34  Victoria  street, 
has  prejiared  plans  lor  repairs  to  the  Canadian  Northern  Rail- 
way office  buildings  at  3»  Wellington  street  cast  and  46  Front 
street  east. 

WINDSOR.  ONT.— Architects  Watt  &  Blackwell.  Bank  of  To- 
ronto Htiilding.   London,  ont..   are   preparing  plans  for  an  office 

building,  to  cost  $65,000. 

WIN.NII'IOC..  .\I,\N.— Architect  J.  D.  Atchison  &  Co.,  914 
Hoyd  Building.  Winnipeg,  has  iirepared  plans  for  a  l>ank  on 
.Main   and    .Mel  )ermi)tt    streets,    to   cost    $400,000. 


CIVIL    ENGINEERING. 

Cl.ANDKBOVK,  -M. AN. —Tenders  have  been  called  for  two 
pile  bridges:  secretar.v,  .1.   B.   Forster. 

MISSION  CITY— Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  erection 
(►f  a  general   trallic   bridge. 

MO.NTRKAL.  QUE.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  steel 
bridge   to  be   erected   over   the   Chateauguay    RJver. 

MOOSK  JAW,  SASK. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  several 
reinforced  concrete  bridges:  H.  S,  Carpenter,  chairman.  Ten- 
ders have  been  called  for  bridge  abutments  for  several  rein- 
forced  liridges:  H.    S.   Carpenter,   chairman. 

S.\KN1.\.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  four  steel  and 
cement   bridges:    W.   .\.   .Scott,   clerk, 

STK,  jri^llONNh:,  i.i['F.. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  a 
bridge:   <;,   A,    .\rchainbault.   sei'retar.\--treasurer. 

SUDBrRV.  t).\T.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  1,446  lineal 
feet  of  cement  sidewalks:   W,  J.   Ross,  town  clerk. 


CLUBS,    HOSPITALS,    THEATRES    AND    HOTELS. 

BRA. NT  FORI).  ONT, -Debentures  have  been  issued  bv  the 
city  of   lirantford   for  the  erection   of  a   hospital,   to  cost  $58,000. 

HROCKVIM,!-;.  O.NT.— Chas,  R,  Rud  is  erecting  a  hotel  at 
the   corner   of  James   and    William    streets,    to   cost    $12,000, 

noVF.R,  ONT,— The  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Company 
has    prei)ared    i)lans   for  a   contemplated    hotel, 

INCKRSOI.L,  ONT —Architect  \V,  O,  .Murray,  Dominion 
liank  Building.  lAindon.  has  drawn  plans  for  an  hospital  addi- 
tion,   t-)   cost    $,S,1](I0, 

oTTAW.\.  ONT.— Architects  -Millson  &  Burgess.  I'nion  Bank 
Building,  have  prei>ared  plans  for  an  hospital  sun  room,  to 
cost  *N..1iMi.  ,\rchitect  Chas,  Brodeur.  63  Hotel-de- Ville.  Ot- 
tawa,   has    i>repared    plans    for    an    hospital    alteration,    to    cost 

*40. 0(111. 

NKW  (;i„,\S(!OW.  N,S, — Work  has  cominenced  on  two  new 
tlieatres,   to  cost  $100,000, 

S.\SK,\TOO.N.  SASK.— .Architect  \V,  H,  ICvans  has  called 
lor-   tenders    lor   the   erection   of  a   frame    hospital   building. 

roRO.NTO.  ONT.— .Architect  Geo.  B,  Post,  .New  Vork  Citv. 
is  iirei)aring  plans  for  a  contemplated  hotel  to  cost  $2,000,000, 
.Architect  Geo.  1).  Redmond,  33  Fairview  Boulevard,  has  pre- 
pared i>laiis  for  a  theatre,  to  cost  $25,000,  .Architect  1,  W, 
l.anil>e.  Ruddy  Building.  Wellington  street  east,  has  prepared 
lilniis  I'.u-  .1   theatre,   to  cost  $100,000, 


FIRE    LOSSES. 

.\ YL.MKK.   (i.N'r. — J.    H.  <;iover  store  and  stock  dcstroved   bv 
lire;     loss   Jlii.diiii.      T.    II.    Willoughly   bakerv    destroved    bv    tire": 

loss    $2.'>IMI. 


Hhl.N'D  R1V1;r.  ONT— The  following  buildings  were  des- 
troved bv  Hrc,  loss  $150,000:  The  Post  Office,  Methodist  Church. 
Ro.val  Bank  Building.  Trclaw  «:  Menard's  Block,  ten  stores  and 
two  offices. 

COM,ilNGWOOI),  ONT,— The  Collingwood  Packing  Co.  waH 
totally   destroyed   by   Are:     loss   $100,000. 

DRI'MMONDVIM-K,  yl'K— The  ,\etna  Chemical  Company's 
powder   factory   was  destro.ved   by    (Ire;     loss  $20,000. 

DI'.ND.VS,  O.NT. — The  building  of  the  H.vdro  CommlKsioners 
was  (lestro.ved   b.v    tire;     loss   $125,000. 

FRIODKRICTO.V,  .N.H. — Bridges  and  railways  destroyed: 
loss  $100,000.  The  Furnald  blacksmith  shop  was  destroyed; 
loss    $1,100. 

OWKN  SOUND.  BKN  AMNION,  UNT.— James  Bumstead. 
barn   destroyed  by   (ire;     loss  $3,000. 

PKMBROKK,  ONT.— The  Peinbroke  Woollen  Mills  Co.,  Ltd., 
destroyed    by    fire;     loss   $10,000. 

STK.  .\.NNK  DK  DA  PAC.ATIKRK.  tiUK.— Fire  destroyed  the 
convent  of  the   Sisters   of  .Ste.    Faniille;     loss  $30,000. 

SAUDT  STK.  .MARIK.  Ont. — Fire  destroyed  all  the  business 
section   of  Blind    River   District.     Total  loss  $125,000. 

ST.  CATH.ARINKS,  ONT.— H.  Snearly.  livery  l)am  destroyed 
by  fire;    loss  $5,000. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — J.  E.  Snyder,  Mfg.  Agent,  premises  des- 
troyed   by    fire;     loss   $8,000. 

Wl.NNlPEG,  M.AN.- The  factory  of  The  Paint  and  Glass 
Co.  was  destroyed  by  (ire;  loss  $100,000.  The  building  occupied 
by  The  Leslie  Furnishing  Co.  was  damaged  by  tire  to  the  ex- 
tent of  $20,000. 

«  ♦  ■ 

PLANTS,    FACTORIES   AND    WAREHOUSES. 

BKLLKVILLI';.  ONT.— The  .Maple  Leaf  Tire  Co.,  Ltd..  Belle- 
ville,  iiave  commenced   work  on  a  new  factory,   to  coat  $40,000. 

HR.ANTFORD.  ONT.— The  Dominion  Steel  Products  are 
erecting  a  steel  factory,   to  cost   $60,000. 

BRANTFORD.  ONT.— Architect  C.  W,  W.  Hall,  321  Col- 
borne  street,  has  prepared  idans  for  the  Hygienic  Dairy  Co.'s 
new  factory  and  office  buildings,  to  cost  $25,000. 

BRANTFORD.  ONT.— Austin  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  have 
been  awarded  the  contract  for  erecting  a  steel  factory  for  the 
r>ominion  Steel   Products  Co..  to  cost  $65,000. 

BROCKVILL?:,  ONT.— The  Canadian  Briscoe  Motor  Car  Co. 
have  commenced   work  on  an  addition  to  their  factory. 

CHATHAM,  ONT. — Architects  Adams  &  Adams,  King 
street,  have  prepared  plans  for  the  American  Pad  and  Textile 
Co.  factory  on  Queen  street,  to  cost  $45,000.  Wells  &  Gray, 
Confederation  Life  Building,  Toronto,  have  been  awarded  the 
contract. 

DUNDAS.  ONT.— John  Bertram  &  Sons  Co..  Ltd..  have  pre- 
piired  |>lans  for  a  factory  on  Hall  street,  to  cost  $60,000. 

EDMONTON.  ALTA.— R,  G.  Dawe  has  called  for  tenders 
for  the  erection  of  a  wholesale  grocery  warehouse  at  Red  Deer, 
brick  and  concrete  construction. 

FALLS  VIEW,  ONT.— Brown  Pollard  Co.,  Niagara  Falls, 
N.y..  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  erecting  a  factory,  to 
cost  $75,000. 

FBRGliS,  ONT.— Beattle  Bros..  Fergus,  Ont..  have  plans 
preiiared    for  a   factory   addition,    to  cost   $40,000. 

FREDERICTON,  N.B.— Mr.  J.  Fred  Ryan  has  been  awarded 
the  contract  for  erecting  a  smelting  plant  for  the  Bathurst 
Lumber   Co. 

H,\JIlLTON,  ONT.— G,  E.  Mills.  614  King  street  east,  has 
been  awarded  the  contract  for  a  factory  addition,  to  cost  $6,000. 

H.A.MILTON,  ONT. — .Architect  C.  T.  Maine,  201  Devonshire 
street.  Boston,  Mass.,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  on  Cum- 
l)erland  avenue,  to  cost  $125,000;  W.  H.  Cooper.  Clyde  Building, 
Hamilton,  has  been  awarded  the  contract,  "rhe  Bank  of  Hamil- 
ton are  preparing  plans  for  alterations  to  their  factory 
on  Victoria  avenue  north.  .Architects  McPhie,  Kelly  &  Darling. 
Bank  of  Hamilton  Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory 
for  W.  T.  Rawleigh  Co.,  Freeport,  111.,  on  Rosslyn  avenue,  to 
cost  $60,000.  F.  F.  Dalley  Co..  Hughson  street  west,  are  having 
plans  prepared  for  factory  alterations.  Architect  H.  G.  Christ- 
man.  32  Federal  Life  Building,  is  preparing  plans  for  factory 
alterations,  to  cost  $15,000.  The  Acme  Stamping  Co.  are  pre- 
paring plans  for  a  factory  addition,  to  cost  $15,000.  Frid  Bros.. 
Bank  of  Hamilton  Building,  have  been  awarded  the  contract 
for  building  an  addition  to  Union  Drawn  Steel,  Ltd.,  factory,  to 
cost  $6,000. 

LONDON.  ONT.— J.  R.  Shuttleworth  &  Son  Hat  Co.,  377 
Dundas  street,  is  having  plans  prepared  for  a  factory  addition, 
to  cost  $20,000. 

LONDON.  ONT.— L.  Keenteyside,  487  King  street,  is  having 
plans    prepared    for    factory    alterations,    to    cost    $5,000. 

LO.NDON.  ONT.— Architect  F.  C.  White  is  preparing  plans 
for  a  factory  addition  for  the  London  Rolling  Mills,  to  cost 
$12,000. 

LONDON,  ONT.^.  Shuttleworth,  322  Princess  avenue,  is 
having  plans  prepared  for  an  addition  to  his  factory  on  Dundas 
street,    to   cost   $15,0000. 

.MONTRE.AL,  QUE. — Plans  have  been  drawn  for  a  factory 
to  cost  $20,000  belonging  to  the  Montreal  Tramways  Co;  it  is 
of  cement  fireproof  construction.  The  Dominion  Textile  Co., 
112  .St.  James  street,  is  erecting  a  factory  on  St.  .Ambroise 
street,  to  cost  $15,000.  The  AVm.  Davies.  Mill  street,  is  erecting 
a  warehouse  on  Mill  street,  to  cost  $6,800.  .Architect  James 
.Vdamson.  .Amesbury  avenue,  has  drawn  plans  for  Sultana,  Ltd., 
and  a  warehouse  will  Ije  erected  on  Amherst  street,  to  cost 
$7,000.  The  .Atlas  Construction  Co.,  37  Belmont  street,  have 
prepared  plans  for  the  Thomson-Norrls  Co..  335  Notre  Dame 
street  west,  and  a  new  factor\'  will  be  erected  on  Masson  street 
at  a  cost  of  $S4.000. 


CONSTRUCTION 


313 


MONTREAL,,  QUK, — The  Noitheiii  Customs  Concentratoi-. 
Ltd.,  propose  to  add  a  100-ton  flotation  plant  to  theii-  mill. 

N.\NF;PETC1  VILL.AGE,  ONT. — The  British-American 
Ni«kel  Co.,  Murray  Mine.  Ont..  Is  having  plans  prepared  for  a 
hydro  power  plant,   to  cost  $1,250,000. 

NEW  WESTMINSTER,  B.C. — Work  has  started  on  a  new 
shingle  mill  belonging  to   the   Acorn  Lumber  and   Shingle   Co. 

NIAGARA  FALLS,  ONT. — Pollard  Mfg.  Co.  has  had  plans 
prepared    for  a   foundry,    to   cost    ^lOOJOOO. 

NIAGARA  FALLS— The  Perfection  Tire  and  Motor  Co.. 
-Madison.   Iowa,  is  contemplating  a  factory,  to  cost  $65,000. 

NIAGARA  FALLS,  ONT.— The  Canadian  Axoiite  Plant,  Ltd., 
is  erecting  a  carborundum  plant,  to  cost  $100,000.  The  Oneida 
Community.  Ellen  street.  Niagara  Falls,  are  preparing  plans 
for  a  new   factory. 

NIAGARA  F.A.LLS,  ONT.— The  Oneida  Community,  Ltd.,  is 
contemplating  an  addition  to  their  factory.  Synder  &  Gillette. 
Niagara  Falls,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  erecting  a 
foundry,  to  cost  $45,000. 

ORANGEVILLE,  ONT.— The  Canadian  Clock  Co.,  Orange- 
ville,  is  erecting  a  factory  at  a  cost  of  $40,000. 

OSHAWA,  ONT.— W.  J.  Trick  Co.,  Toronto,  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  erecting  a  brass  foundry  for  the  Mc- 
Cullough  Brass  Foundry  Co.,   to  cost  $5,000. 

OSHAWA.  ONT.— Architect  Geo.  D.  Redmond,  33  Fairview 
boulevard,  Toronto,  has  prepared  plans  for  three  factories  be- 
longing to  the  Chevrolet  Motor  Co.  of  Canada,  Ltd.;  J.  D. 
Young  &  Son,  835  College  street,  Toronto,  hawe  been  awarded 
the  contract. 

OTTAWA.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  by  the  Do- 
minion   Government    for   a    flax    building. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— Geo.  Grain,  Clemow  avenue,  has  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  a  factory  addition,  to  cost  $16,000. 

PETROLEA,  ONT.— Architect  R.  W.  Fawcett,  116H  Front 
street,  Sarnia,  Ont.,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  flax  mill,  store- 
house, concrete  tanks  and  shed. 

PORT  COLBORNE,  ONT.— The  International  Nickel  Co. 
and  British-.American  Nickel  Co.  are  contemplating  erecting  a 
nickel  reflnery,  to  cost  $3,000,000:  Hon.  G.  H.  Ferguson,  Minister 
of  Lands,  Forests  and  Mines. 

RENFREW,  ONT. — Architect  John  McNeil.  Renfrew,  is  pre- 
paring plans   for  a   factor.v  addition,   to  cost   $10,000. 

SASKATOON.  SASK. — An  Eastern  concern  is  negotiating 
for  a  site  to  erect  a  garment  factory.  The  Manitoba  Power, 
Pulp  and  Paper  Co.,  Ltd..  have  plans  drawn  for  the  erection  of 
a  sawmill,  paper  factory,  pulp  mill,  and  hydro-electric  power 
transmission  plant  at  Grand  Rapids,  to  cost  about  $2,000,000. 
The  Sawver-Massey  Co.  have  prepared  plans  for  a  warehouse 
to   cost    about    $7,000. 

SHERBROOKE.  QUE.— Anglins,  Ltd..  of  Montreal,  have  the 
contract  for  the  addition  to  the  machine  shop  of  the  Canadian 
Ingersoll  Rand  Drill  Company,  to  cost  about  $70,000.  Messrs. 
Loomis-Dakin,  Ltd.,  have  the  contract  for  an  extension  to  the 
power  house  and  tailrace  of  the  Butterfleld  Co.,  Rock  Island,  to 
cost  $15,000. 

SIMCOE,  ONT. — The  Unique  Shoe  Co.  is  erecting  a  factory, 
to  cost  $20,000. 

STAMFORD  TOWNSHIP,  ONT.— The  Township  Council  are 
preparing  plans  for  an  electric  light  plant,  to  cost  $26,000;  C.  P. 
Munroe.  clerk. 

SUDBURY.  ONT.— Architect  P.  J.  O'Socman,  Sudbury,  has 
prepared  plans  for  a  warehouse  for  H.  Peters,  Toronto,  to  cost 
$6,000. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Architect  W.  H.  Smith  has  prepared 
plans  for  a  factory  addition  for  Adams  Bros.,  to  cost  $55,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Architects  Prack  &  Perrin,  Lumsden 
Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  the  Russell  Motor  Car  Co.'s 
munition  plir.t  addit  on,  Duff°r.ii  street.  !>t  i  cjst  of  $40,000; 
Deakin  Construction  Co.  have  been  awarded  the  contract. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— The  Du  Pont  Fabrikoid  Co.,  864  Dufterin 
street,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  addition,  to  cost  $150,- 
000.  T.  E.  Essery,  441  Confederation  Life  Building,  is  erecting 
a  warehouse  at  a  cost  of  $20,000.  C.  A.  Scott.  575  Logan 
avenue,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  building  a  factory 
addition,  to  cost  $12,000.  Architects  Henschein  &  McLaren,  431 
1  earborn  street.  C'^''"\go,  bav»  nrepare  I  ntans  for  The  iWm. 
Davies    abattoir    building,    on    Front    and    Cypress    streets. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Architect  C.  J.  Giljson.  51  Yonge  street, 
has  prepared  plans  for  a  store  and  warehouse,  to  cost  $30,000. 
Architects  and  Engineers  Prack  &  Perrin,  808  Lumsden  Build- 
ing, have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  building,  to  cost  $65,000. 
H.  C.  Chrlstman  &  Co..  Federal  Life  Buildini;,  Hamilton,  have 
been  awarded  the  contract.  Architect  R.  S.  McConnell,  167 
Yonge  street,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  factory,  to  cost  $40,000; 
L..  Dowling,  167  Yonge  street,  has  been  awarded  the  contract. 
Architect  R.  S.  McConnell.  167  Yonge  street,  has  prepared  plans 
for  a  factory  on  William  street;  L.  Dowling,  167  Yonge  street, 
has  been  awarded  the  contract.  The  Canadian  Handson  Van- 
wickle  Co.,  15  Morrow  street,  is  building  an  addition  to  their 
factory  at  a  cost  of  $7,000.  The  Dominion  Construction  Co., 
14  Wellington  street,  is  excavating  for  a  factory,  to  cost  $750,- 
000;  W.  D.  Spengler,  152  Simcoe  street,  is  the  architect.  Archi- 
tects and  Engineers  Prack  &  Perrin,  Lumsden  Building,  have 
prepared  plans  for  a  warehouse,  to  cost  $365,000.  Architect 
S.  L.  Yolies,  67  Baldwin  street,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  ware- 
house, to  cost  $40,000.  The  Dominion  Government,  Public 
Works  Department,  Ottawa,  has  awarded  the  contract  for  the 
erection  of  an  examining  warehouse  at  the  corner  of  Front  and 
Yonge  streets,  to  Geo.  A.  Fuller,  Ltd.,  of  Montreal;  work  ha.s 
been  postponed.  Architects  Wm.  Steele  &  Sons,  Ryrle  Building, 
have  prepared  plans  for  an  embroidery  factory,  to  cost  $75,000. 

TRENTON,  ONT.— A.  E.  Cuff,  Ontario  street,  is  erecting  an 
addition   to  his   factory   at  a  cost  of  $10,000. 

VICTORIA,  B.C.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  by  E.  A. 
Wilmot,  Inspector  of  dykes,  for  removing  and  installing  a 
semialt   pum.ping  plant. 

WALKERTON,  ONT.— The  Canadian  Snooi  and  Bobbin. 
Walkerton,  are   erecting  a  factory,   to  cost   $12,000. 

WELLAND.  ONT.— The  Canadian  Steel  Foundries,  Ltd., 
Crowiand  street,  are  having  plans  prepared  for  an  ammunition 
factory,  to  cost  $40,000. 

WELLAND,  ONT.— Ryan  &  Gardiner,  Main  street  east, 
have   been   awarded    the   contract    for   building  a    foundry   addi- 


tion to  the  Canadian  Steel  Foundries,  Welland,  to  cost  $6,000. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— A.  F.  Buers  &  Co.,  340  University  street. 
Montreal,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  paper  mills,  to 
cost    $35,000. 

■  ♦  ■ 

PUBLIC    BUILDINGS    AND    STATIONS. 

BARRIE,  ONT. — Architects  Chapman  &  McGiftin,  Toronto, 
have  prepared  plans  for  a  library  on  Collier  street,  to  cost 
$15,000;   Ball  planirg  Mill  Co.  has  been  awarded  the  contract. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— Shultz  Bros.,  Ltd.,  have  been  award- 
ed the  contract  to  build  a  station,   to  cost  $25,000. 

HALIFAX,  N.S. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  by  the  city 
for  the  erection  of  a  railway  depot  building  at  the  new  ter- 
minal;   the   building   will   be   of  granite. 

HARRISTON,  ONT.— The  town  clerk  has  awarded  the  con- 
tract for  building  the  new   town   hall;   cost   $12,000. 

NIAGARA  FALLS,  ONT.— Walbridge,  Aldinger  Co.,  Detroit 
Mich.,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a 
terminal,    to   cost   $200,000. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  installa- 
tion of  incandescent  lamps  in  public  building;  R.  C.  Desrochers. 
secretary. 

PEMBROKE,  ONT.— Architect  R.  S.  Kalsch,  Power  Build- 
ing, Montreal,  has  drawn  plans  for  the  sub-station  at  Pem- 
broke; Wm.  Markus,  Ltd.,  Pembroke,  have  been  awarded  the 
contract;    the    station    will   cost    $10,000. 

PORTAGE  LA  PRAIRIE,  MAN.— Tenders  have  been  called 
for  the  erection  of  a  new  court   house   at  The   Pas. 

PORT  COLBORNE,  ONT.— The  Grand  Trunk  Railway  Co., 
Montreal  office,  has  had  plans  drawn  for  the  erection  of  a 
station  and  freight  shed;  W.  J.  Carmichael,  architect. 

THE  PAS,  MAN— Architect  G.  N.  Taylor.  The  Pas,  has 
drawn    plans   for  a   public   building. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  by  the 
Hydro-Electric  Commissioners,  226  Yonge  street,  for  the  erec- 
tion  of  a   sub-station,    to   cost   $90,000. 


RESIDENCES,    STORES    AND    FLATS. 

BICTONA,  B.C.— The  Canadian  Explosives,  Ltd..  have  called 
for  tenders  for  the  erection  of  a  three-storey  boarding-house,  at 
James  Island,  B.C. 

DELHI,  ONT.— A.  E.  Steele  has  had  plans  prepared  for  his 
store,    to  cost   $5,000. 

EXETER,  ONT.— W.  S.  Howls  has  prepared  plans  for  his 
drug  store,  to  cost  $7,000. 

HALIFAX,  N.S. — The  Eastern  Investment  Corporation  are 
erecting  a  warehouse  on  Phillips  street,  a  residence  on  Jennings 
street.  A  store  for  Ben's,  Ltd.,  is  being  erected  on  Pepperell 
street.  Goodue  &  Petrie  are  erecting  a  warehouse  on  Shirley 
street.  ,1.  E.  Bulter  is  erecting  a  store  and  dwelling  on  Shirley 
street.  J.  W.  Hurshman  has  commenced  work  on  a  store  at 
612  Robie  street.  A.  MacDonald  is  erecting  a  house  on  Phillips 
street.  J.  S.  Parker  a  house  on  Cork  street.  Emile  Coume 
and  Wm.  Lockyer  have  prepared  plans  for  two  houses  on  Stairs 
street.     F.  A.  Shaw  is  erecting  a  garage  on  Henry  street. 

HAMILTON,  ONT. — Brennen  &  Sons,  40  Ferguson  avenue, 
have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  an  apartment  house,  to 
cost  $20,000. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Architect  F.  W.  Warren,  Bank  of  Ham- 
ilton Building,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  residence  on  Ontario 
street,    to   cost    $5,000. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Architect  Gordon  Hutton,  Bank  of  Ham- 
ilton Building,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  residence,  to  cost  $12,- 
000;  Geo.  F.  Smith.  26  Carrick  avenue,  has  been  awarded  the 
contract.  Architect  H.  C.  McBride.  148  Dundas  street,  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  W.  J.  Ashplant's  residence,  to  cost  $7,000.  W. 
J.  Workman,  15  Lottridge  avenue,  has  been  awarded  tlie  con- 
tract for  J.  P.  Marshall's  residence  on  Undermount  avenue. 
Brennen  &  Sons.  40  Ferguson  avenue,  have  been  awarded  the 
contract   for  an  apartment   i:ouse  on   Tisciale  street. 

HUMBERSTONE,  ONT.— Architect  C.  M.  Sorter,  Main 
street,  Niagara  Falls,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  residence  for  S. 
J.  Quinn,  Buffalo,   N.Y.,   to  cost  $6,000. 

LONDON,  ONT.— Architect  J.  W.  Munro.  Bank  of  Toronto 
Building,  is  preparing  plans  for  Mrs.  N.  McHardy's  residence 
on  Grand  avenue,  to  cost  $5,000.  Architects  Watt  &  Blackwell, 
Bank  of  Toronto  Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  W.  H.  Mc- 
Kewen's  residence  and  garage  on  Piccadilly  street,  to  cost 
$10,000.  Architect  J.  V.  Munroe,  Bank  of  Toronto  Chambers, 
has  prepared  plans  for  Mrs.  N.  McHardy  Smith's  bungalow,  to 
cost  $5,000;  R.  H.  Smith  has  been  awarded  the  contract.  C. 
Trebilcork.  Colborne  street,  has  had  plans  prepared  for  his 
residence  on  Colborne  street,  to  cost  $5,000.  Architects  Watt  & 
Blackwell,  Bank  of  Toronto  Building,  have  prepared  plans  for 
a  residence  for  W.    F.   McKeween,   to  cost   $8,000. 

LUCKNOW,  ONT.— A.  Solomon  has  awarded  N.  MacCal- 
lum,  Lucknow,  Ont.,  the  contract  for  building  his  two  stores  on 
Main    street,    to    cost    $10,000. 

MONTREAL.  QUE.— W.  H.  Pyne  &  Co.,  local  contractors, 
are  putting  up  nine  houses  valued  at  $8,000  each.  There  are  in 
all  twenty  houses  under  construction  in  the  Garden  Suburb, 
the  total  value  of  which  is  $160,000.  Tenders  have  been  called 
for  the  erection  of  a  residence  for  the  teachers  at  Caughnawaga. 
Que.  Mr.  Haugdon,  architect,  has  prepared  plans  for  two 
dwellings  to  be  erected  on  Marlow  street,  to  cost  $14,000.  The 
Merchants'  and  Employers'  Guarantee  and  Accident  Co.,  83 
Craig  street  west,  are  making  repairs  to  a  dwelling  on  St. 
Denis  street,  at  a  cost  of  $5,500.  Gibear  &  McRobert,  10  Benolt 
street,  nre  making  rejiairs  to  a  store  on  St.  Catherine  street 
west,  at  a  cost  of  $4,600.  A.  Lefebvre.  3632-33  Arenia  street, 
has  prepared  plans  for  a  dwelling  to  be  erected  on  St.  Gerard 
street,  to  cost  $1,200.  Dr.  E.  Pouiin,  2942  St.  Laurent,  is  erect- 
ing siv  dwellings  on  C.arke  sti-eet.  to  cost  $5,000.  S.  Messier. 
1993  Bordeaux  street,  is  erecting  a  dwelling  on  Bordeaux  street, 
to  cost  $4,500.  St.  Urbain  Academy  is  erecting  a  house  on  St. 
Urbain  street,  to  cost  $6,000.  Architect  Chas.  J.  Brown,  4263  St. 
Catherine  street,  has  i)repared  jilans  for  T.  A.  Trenholme's 
residence,  to  cost  $12,ii00.  Mr.  E.  F^mery,  owner  and  architect, 
has  prepared  plans  for  two  dwellings,  to  cost  $8,000.  Mr.  W.  H. 
Creed,  owner  and  architect,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  house, 
to  cost  $5,000. 


314 


CONSTRUCTION 


DAICVU.NK,  ONT. — \V.  Whitiiker,  Jr.,  1h  hiiving  plan*  pre- 
l.arril   lor  hlB  HKire  iKlilUlon.   to  eoHt  $5.()(l«. 

DTTAVV'A.  ONT.  — A.  K.  I'aKUette,  1»  Noel  Htreel,  in  ereeliiig 
ii  Htore  iiiid  iipiirtments  on  St.  I'atrlck  anrt  Chapel  Btreets,  to 
vuHt  $12.<"M>.  .^rihltect  VV.  H.  (JeorBe.  CaBtle  lluiklliiK.  has  pre- 
pau"<l  plaiiH  Tor  a  rfBldencc  for  J.  M.  Riiss,  4!i  Metcalfe  Btreel. 
on  Liiurier  avenue,  to  cOBt  $7,00(1.  MlBs  10.  Itutterworth,  Klm»- 
I'oiirl  .\|iarln)entH,  Ib  ereothiB  a  reHldence  on  RIdeau  Terraoe. 
to  c-oBi  $,1,000.  Ari-hlteft  S.  K.  Smith,  44»  McCleod  street.  haB 
prepared  plans  for  a  residence  for  H.  and  K.  HlKckburn.  202 
I'relKhtiin  Hlrect.  on  Itldeau  street,  to  cost  $5,000:  A.  K.  Thorns. 
liiG  Siinnvslde  avenue.  Is  erectlim  a  resldeno*  on  Suniiyslde 
avenue,  to  cost  $0,000.  \V.  (■.  Adams>n.  126  Spark  street.  Is 
ereclln*,'  a  store  on  KIdeau  Btreet,  to  cost  $5,000.  Arclilte<!t  \V. 
H.  iieorue,  IH  I'astle  street,  has  prepare<l  plans  for  J.  Harper's 
residence  on  I'owell  avenue;  R.  .\.  Kemp.  140  Klrst  avenue,  has 
hecn   awarded    the  contract. 

PORT  ST.VNl-KY,  ONT.— J.  C.  UuffleUl.  620  Queens  avenue, 
has  had  plans  prepared  for  hlB  residence,  to  cost  $15,000;  John 
Ha.vmen  &  Co.,  432  WelllnKton  Btreet.  have  been  awarded  the 
c'lntnict. 

SARNJA.  ONT. — \rchitect  R.  W.  Fawcett.  Sarnla,  lias  pre- 
pared  plans  for  K.  Clark's  atore  ami  apartments,   to  cost  $5,000. 

TKKSWATER.  ONT.— C.  H.  HasenHuKs  has  had  plans  pre- 
pared  for  his  store,   to  cost   $5,000. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— J.  Richards.  1  U>n8dale  road,  is  erecting 
an  apartment  house  on  Ontario  and  Prospect  streets,  to  cost 
$30,000. 

TORONTO.  t)NT.— A.  1).  Richards,  29  Glenholme  avenue,  Is 
ereclinK  a  duplex  residence  on  Regal  road,  to  cost  $»,(MIO.  Archi- 
tects Kdwards  *  Kdwards.  IS  Toronto  street,  have  prepared 
plans  for  two  residences  for  A.  A.  Thompson  on  St.  Clair 
avenue  west,  to  cost  $12,000.  J.  J.  Downey,  39S  Sunnyslde 
avenue,  has  commenced  work  on  two  duplex  residences  on 
Kdna  street,  to  cost  $10,000.  T.  J.  Allan.  48  Oakmount  road, 
owner  and  contractor.  Is  erectint?  two  duplex  residences  on 
.\8cot  and  Karlacourt  streets,  to  cost  $H.OO0.  Architects  S.  B. 
Coon  &  Son,  Ryrie  bulldinK,  have  prepared  plans  for  H.  C. 
Fletcher's  residence  on  Kast  Roxboro  and  Kdgar  streets,  to 
cost  $15,000.  .Architect  P.  H.  Finney.  7»  Adelaide  street  east, 
has  prepareil  plans  for  NlKhtscales  and  Smith's  bungalow,  on 
Neville  Park  boulevard,  to  cost  $5,000.  C.  F.  Cudmore.  62 
PaclHc  avenue,  is  erectlnK  a  residence  on  Clendennan  avenue, 
to  cost  $6,000.  .\rchitect  1'.  H.  Finney,  79  Adelaide  street  east, 
has  prepare<l  iilans  for  A.  D.  Richard's  duplex  residence  on 
Regal    road,    to   cost   $8,000. 

WINDSOK.  ONT. — Architect  J.  C.  Pennington,  I>a  Belle 
Huilding.  hha  prepared  i>lans  for  I).  W.  McGregor's  residence 
on    Victoria    street,    to   cost    $10,000. 

U'lNnSt)R.  ONT.  — Architects  Walker  &  Phail,  156  Dougall 
avenue,  have  prepared  plana  for  Woolworth  stores,  to  be  erect- 
ed at  the  corner  of  London  and  Oullette  streets,  to  cost  $17,000. 
.\rchitects  C.  Jacques  &  Co.  have  prepared  plans  for  the  Pen- 
insular Security  Co.'s  store,  to  cost  $10,000;  ITrel  &  Jacques 
have    been   awarded    the    contract. 


SCHOOLS.     COLLEGES     AND     CHURCHES. 

.AMHKRSTBl'Rf;.  ONT. — Joseph  L.  Dufour.  132  Aylmer 
street.  \Vind.sor,  (Int..  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  erect- 
ing a   school,    to   cost   $5,000. 

.WON.  ONT. — The  School  Board  is  erecting  a  school,  to  cost 
$20,000. 

BKF.TON.  t).\T. — The  School  Board  is  preparing  plans  for 
a  school. 

BINSC.VRTH,  M.\N. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  erec- 
tion   of   a    one-room    school    at    Clifford. 

BRUCIC  .Ml.N'KS.  ONT.— Architect  Thomas  R.  Wilks.  612 
tiueen  street.  Sault  Ste.  Marie.  Ont..  has  prepared  plans  for  a 
public  school. 

Bl'RSCAKTlI,  M.AN. — The  Foxvvarren  council  have  borrow- 
ed $6.01:0  tor  the  purpose  of  building  an  addition  to  the  present 
Hchoolhouse. 

C.\I-(i.\RY.  .AUTA. — Plans  have  been  prepared  for  rebuilding 
the  Central    Methodist   Church,   to  cost  about   J35.000. 

CH.\TH.\.\1,  t).\'T. — .\rchitects  Chappell  &  Hunter.  Char- 
lottetown.  J'.K.l..  have  prepared  plans  for  a  church,  to  cost 
$30,000;  Robert  Forrest.  Chatham,  has  been  awarded  the  con- 
tract. 

Eti.ANVll..I>K.  ONT. — .Architect  B.  Michel,  Carlton  Place. 
Ont.,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  chureh.  to  cost  $15,000;  Mr. 
Reinke.   Kganville,  has  been  awarded  the  contract. 

FCiRli  CITY.  ONT. — Architect  J.  C.  Pennington.  La  Belle 
Huildint;.  Windsor,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  school,  to  cost 
$35,000;  P.  H.  .Secord  &  Sons.  133  Nelson  street.  Brantford.  have 
been   awarded   the  contract. 

FROBlStlKR.  SASK. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  erec- 
tion  of  a   two-room   school,   to   cost   $10,000. 

CALT.  ONT. — Architect  J.  Evans.  3fl  Water  street  north.  ha;s 
prepared  plans  for  a  school,  to  cost  $45,000;  P.  H.  Secord  & 
i^oiis   have    been   awarde<l    the   contract. 

HAMlLTtlN.  ONT.— Architect  F.  W.  Warren.  Bank  of  Ham- 
ilton, has  prepared  plans  for  a  church,  to  cost  $9,000. 

HAMILTO.N,  ONT. — .Architect  Stewart  Witton  has  prepared 
plans  for  a  school,  to  cost  $40,000.  .Architect  F.  W.  Warren. 
Bank    of    Hamilton    Building,    is    preparing    i>lans    for   a    chvirch, 

to    cost    $9,000. 

11.\M1LT()N,  (INT.— Architects  Stewart  &  Witton,  7  Hugh- 
son  stit'ct.  have  i)repared  plans  for  a  church  addition,  to  cost 
$15. Olid;  Mitchell  H  Riddell.  46  Head  street,  have  been  awarded 
the    contract. 

ll.VYWddU.  M.\.N". — Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  erec- 
tion  of  a   new  school   ffir  the  Stirling  Schf)ol  District. 

,MONTKI-;.\L.  (^I'E. — .An  educational  building  is  to  be  erect- 
ed on  DcUn'mici-  street,  to  cost  $140,000.  Commissioner  Scolaire 
de  St.  Henri,  t^ity  Hall,  is  making  repairs  to  the  school  on 
College  ami  St.  .Vnloine  streets,  at  a  cost  of  $17,000.  F.  S.  Louis 
de  France.  :ii>  Rue  Beilaner,  is  making  repairs  to  the  church 
at  the  corner  of  City  Hall  and  Roy  avenue,  at  a  cost  of  $2,000. 
The  Catholic  Common  School.  .So  St.  (""atherine  street,  is  making 
rep:nrs  to  their  school  at  the  corner  of  Western  and  Old  Or- 
chard  streets,   at   a   c'»st   of  $32,000. 


.■^liLSO.N,  B.C.— Snyder  &  Brethour,  Vancouver,  B.C..  have 
been  awarded  the  contract  for  building  an  addition  to  the 
High    School    at    a    cost    of    »19.4»3.!>0. 

PETERBOKO,  ONT.— Architect  Wm.  Blackwell.  372^  Wa- 
ter street,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  church,  to  cost  $20,000: 
H.    Fry.    190  Rubrldge  Btreet.  has  been  awarded  the  contract. 

PORTAGE  LA  PRAIRIE.  MAN.— The  cornerstone  of  the 
new    Victoria    School    lias    been    laid. 

RIDGEVILLE.  (INT.— Architect  J.  L.  Nichols.  Welland,  (int.. 
has  iirepared  idaiiB  for  a  school,  cost  $5,000. 

RIMOCSKl.  gi'E.— Architect  Pierre  LeveiKjue,  115  St.  John 
street,  yuehec,  has  prepared  plana  for  a  convent  addition,  to 
cost    $25,(HI0. 

ROSSLANI).  B.C.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  a  twelve- 
room  school,  to  cost  $60,000:  J.   A.   McLeod,  secretary. 

SHAW\'ILLE,  QUE.  (District  No.  121— Tendem  have  been 
called  for  by  the  School  Board  for  the  erection  of  a  new 
school. 

SI.MCtJK,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  by  the  Board 
of   iOducatlon   for   two   new   school   buildings. 

St.  JOHN.  N.B.— Architect  F.  Nell  Brodle  has  prepared 
plans    for   a    school,    to    cost    $70,000. 

ST.  JOHN  N.B.— Architect  F.  Neil  Brodle  Is  preparing  plana 
for  a  new  school  to  be  erected  In  St.  .lohri.   N.B. 

ST.  JOHN— Tenders  are  being  called  for  by  the  St.  Damlen 
Sch(x)l  Board  for  the  erection  of  a  new  school,  to  cost  about 
$10,000. 

TAVISTCK'K,  ONT.— Architect  J.  Russell,  21  Downle  street, 
Stratford,  haa  prepared  plans  for  a  school,  to  coat  $10,000;  A. 
Saltzer,    Taviatock,    haa    been    awarded    the   contract. 

TIMMINS.  ONT.— Architects  Hlllis  &  Ellis  have  prepared 
plans  for  a  .school,  to  cost  $30,000;  i'.  H.  Secord  &  Sons,  133 
Nelson  atreet.   Brantford.   have  been  awarded  the  contract. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — Tendera  have  been  awarded  on  the  Boon 
.Avenue   Baptist   Church,    which   is   to   coat   $10,000. 

TRENTON.  ONT.— The  School  Board  Is  preparing  plans  for 
a   school,    to  cost  $40,000. 

TWEED.  ONT.— Architects  Ellis  &  Ellis  have  prepared 
plans  for  a  High  School,  to  cost  $:s5.000. 

VICTORIA,  B.C.— Tenders  have  been  called  by  the  Minister 
of  Public  Works,  British  Columbia,  for  the  erection  and  com- 
pletion of  a  one-room  addition,  and  sundry  alterations  to  the 
Sidney  School. 

W.ATERLOO.  QUE.— The  work  of  the  R.C.  church  and 
priest's  house  is  well  under  way.  A  new  two-storey  boarding- 
house    has   also    been    elected. 

WINDSOR.  ONT.— Architect  J.  C.  Pennington,  Labelle 
Building,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  Ctdleglate  Institute,  to  cost 
$170,000;  Wells  &  Gray.  Toronto  and  Windsor,  have  been  award- 
ed the  contract. 

WINNIPEG.  MAN.— The  cornerstone  of  new  Christ  Church 
was  laid  on  .August  11;  the  building  will  be  of  stone  construc- 
tion. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

CONISTON.  ONT.— The  Canadian  Asbestos  Co..  Montreal, 
have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  new  roof 
on  a  smelter  to  cost  $20,000. 

FORT  WILLIAM,  ONT.— Barnett  McQueen  Co.,  Fort  Wil- 
liam, have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  erecting  a  grain  ele- 
vator  to   cost    $250,000. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Architects  Stewart  &  AVitton  are  pre- 
paring plans  for  an  addition  to  the  Beach  waterworks,  to  cost 
$70,000.  Architects  McPhie.  Kelly  &  Darling.  701  Bank  of 
Hamilton  Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  yacht  house,  to 
cost  $18,000.  The  Mercury  Mills  on  Cumberland  street  are 
nearing  completion. 

LONDON.  ONT.— Architects  Watt  &  Blackwell.  Bank  of  To- 
ronto Building.  London,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  restaurant 
to  cost  $15,500.  Geo.  White  &  Sons.  Cabell  avenue,  are  having 
plans  prepared  for  an  addition  to  their  boiler  works,  to  cost 
$25,000.  .Architect  Brigadier  W.  (J.  Miller,  20  .Albert  street,  is 
preparing  plans  for  a  hall,  to  cost  $12,000;  tenders  will  be  called 
for. 

.McAD.AM,  N.B.— Tenders  have  called  for  by  the  Canadian 
I'aciflc  Railway.  Montreal  Office,  for  the  erection  of  a  power- 
house and   storage   building. 

MBRRITTON.  ONT.— The  Lincoln  Paper  Mills.  Merritton, 
have   prepared   plans   for   paper  mills  additions   to  cost   $200,000. 

MONTREAL.  QUE.- Tenders  have  been  called  for  bv  J.  W. 
Pugsley.  Secretary  of  the  Department  of  Railways  andC^anala. 
for  the  superstructure  of  the   elevator  Transcona. 

.MONTROSE.  ONT.— Work  has  been  started  on  a  round 
hou.se  to  cost  $100,000.  Walbridge  Aldrige  Co..  Detroit.  Michi- 
gan,   has  been   awarded   the   contract. 

OTTAWA.  ONT.— Architects  Hand.  Harris  &  Merritt,  7  King 
street  east,  are  preiiaring  plans  for  a  restaurant  to  cost  $40,000. 

OTTAW.A,  ONT —Tenders  have  been  called  for  by  Mr.  Mc- 
Callum.  City  Hall,  for  the  erection  of  a  workshop  to  cost  $10.- 
000. 

OTTAW.A.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  called  for  by  the  con- 
tractors of  the  new  Parliament  Buildings  for  brick  and  Port- 
land   cement. 

PICTON.  ONT.— Hogg  &  Lytle  have  started  work  on  an 
elevator   to  cost   $15,000. 

PORT  ARTHUR.  ONT.— Simmons  Contracting  Co.  are  ex- 
cavating  for  a   roundhouse  to  cost   $45,000. 

PORT  ARTHUR.  ONT.— The  Canadian  Starch  Co..  Port 
.Vrthur.   have  prepared  plans  for  a  starch  house  to  cost  $60,000. 

PORT  STANLEY.  ONT.— Architects  Watt  &  Blackwell.  Bank 
of  Toronto  Building.  London,  are  jirejiaring  plans  for  a  refresh- 
ment  pavilion   and    bath-house  to  cost   $25,000. 

RENFREW.  ONT. — .Architect  .A.  E.  Spooner,  Renfrew,  Ont., 
lias  prepared  plans  for  a  curling  rink  to  C3st  $8,000.  M.  J. 
O'Brien,    Renfrew,    has    been    awarded    the    contract. 

SMOOTH  ROCK  F.ALLS.  ONT.— Morrow  &  Beatty.  New 
Liskeard.  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  erecting  pulp 
mills   to  cost   $150,000.    K.   AA'.    Neelans,   engineer. 


CONSTRUCTION 


43 


No  Upkeep  Cost  for  20  Years 
— Absolutely  Guaranteed 

Here  are  details  of  a  plan  to  guarantee  your  roof  for 
20  years — at  no  extra  cost. 

It's  a  new  feature  of  our  service. 

We  know  from  an  experience  of  over  half  a  century 
that  a  Barrett  Specification  Roof,  ;'/  properly  laid  bv  a 
good  roofing  contractor,  will  last  at  least  20  years.  Scores 
of  roofs  of  this  type  have  lasted  almost  twice  that  period. 

In  order  that  purchasers  may  have  the  benefit  of  this 
experience  we  have  arranged  with  one  of  the  largest  Surety 
Companies  to  issue,  hereafter,  a  20  Year  Guaranty  Bond 
on  all  Barrett  Specification  Roofs  of  50  squares  or  more 
in  all  towns  in  the  Dominion  of  25,000  population  and 
over — and  in  smaller  places  where  our  Inspection  Service 
is  available. 

Our  only  requirements  are  that  the  roofing  contractor  shall  be 
satisfactory  to  us  and  that  tie  Specification  dated  May  1 ,  1916, 
shall  be  strictly  followed. 

All  you  have  to  do  to  secure  the  20  Year  Guaranty  Bond  is  to 
give  the  roofing  contractors  copies  of  The  Barrett  Specification 
of  thai  dale,  and  tell  them  to  fijure  on  that  bas'.s.  From  the 
buyer's  standpoint  the  arrancement  is  practically  ideal,  for  under 
the  plan  the  owner  is  assured  of  having  an  inspector  on  the  roof 
whose  only  interest  is  to  make  it  as  good  as  possible — for  if  it  isn't 
right  we  alone  are  the  loser. 

Do  not  confuse  this  Surety  Bond  with  the  ordinary  "Guarantee." 


It  is  something  quite  different.      It  is  issued,  not 
by  an  individual  or  a  manufacturer,  but  by  orie 
of  the  largest  and  best  known  Surety  Companies  and 
is  a  legal,  workable  document  that  has  no  loopholes. 

When  you  give  the  roofing  contractor  a  copy  of  The 
Barrett  Specification  of  May  1,  1916,  to  figure  on, 
you  are  ordering  the  very  best  roof  it  is  possible  to 
construct  and  one  that  takes  the  base  rate  of  insurance. 
In  addition  you  secure  a  20  Year  Surety  Bond,  guar- 
anteeing  freedom   from   upkeep   cost    for  that   period. 

If  you  are  interested  and  want  any  further  informa- 
tion, write  our  nearest  office  and  the  matter  will  have 
prompt  and  careful  attention. 


A  cop^  of  The  Barrett  Specification,  t^ilh  roofing  diagrams,  sent  free  on  request. 

THE       PATERSON      MANUFACTURING      COMPANY,       LIMITED 

MONTREAL  TORONTO  WINNIPEG  VANCOUVER 

THE     CARRITTE-PATERSON      MANUFACTURING       CO..       LIMITED 


ST.    JOHN,    N.B. 


HALIFAX,    N.S. 


SYDNEY,    N.S. 


316 


CONSTRUCTION 


ST.  MAltV.S.  ONT. — S|>L-rltl>'ittluiiH  have  been  prepared  by 
the  Seneca  Se|>tU'  Tank  Co.,  .Stratford,  Chit.,  for  a  sewaite  plant. 
Dr.  J.   It.   Staiile.v,   .M.O.H.,  St.   Mar.v«,   will  Bupervlge. 

STU.\TK()K1),  ONT.— Dr.  \V.  H.  Hamilton.  Fort  William, 
Ont.,  is  liavInK  plana  prepared  fur  u  mauHoleum  to  coat  $10,000 

TOllUNTO,  l>NT.~.\rchltect  M.  Max  Dunning,  ChicaKO,  111., 
has  i>repare<l  iilana  for  stablea  to  eoMt  $25,000;  tendera  to  be 
called  lor.  Architects  Hynes.  Keldnian  a  Wataun,  105  Bond 
street,  havie  jirepared  plans  for  a  nurses'  home.  The  Wm. 
Daviea  Co.,  Ltd.,  621  Front  street  east,  are  excavatlnK  for  an 
abattoir  luiildlnK.  to  coat  $2,(KUI.O0O.  .Xrchltects  Chapman  &  Mc- 
(Jltlln,  M5  KInK  street  east,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  refreah- 
mer)t  pavilion:  Toronto  Harbor  t'ommlssloii,  50  Bay  street,  are 
the  4»wners  and  contractors.  Ten<lers  have  been  called  for  by 
KnKlneera  James.  Loudon  &  llertzburK,  lOOG  Mxcelsior  Lite 
IliilldinK.  for  the  erection  of  nicchanlcai  llltcrs.  Tenders  have 
been  called  for  by  Chairman  T.  Ij.  Churcli  for  a  five-ton  tra- 
velinB  Iwam.  .1.  D.  VounK  &  .Son,  835  ColleKe  street,  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  erectlnt?  a  shippinB  buildinK.  to  cost 
$10,000.  The  Harris  .\battoir.  Uidon  .Stock  Yards,  are  worklnB 
on  an  addition  to  their  abattoir,  to  cost  $12,000;  G.  V.  (Jray, 
626   t'onfederation    Life   Bulldintj;,    is   the   Keneral   contractor. 

VANCOirVKR,  B.C.— The  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  is  erect- 
Ihk  an  »50-foot  pier  at  a  cost   of  $1,500,000. 

WALKKKTON,  O.NT.— J.  \V.  .South.  Otter  Creek,  Walker- 
ton,  is  havinK  idans  prepared  for  a  rolling  mills. 


THE    ARCHITECT'S    OPPORTUNITY. 

In  the  past  the  idea  has  held  that  In  lui  abundance  of  money 
lay  the  architect's  best  opportunity  for  coming  to  the  front  and 
producing  architecture  of  the  rtnest  quality.  When  the  client 
had  money,  and  enough  to  spare,  he  went  to  his  architect  and 
ordered  a  mansion  that  was  to  retiect  his  wealth  and  import- 
ance, the  mansion  was  produced  and  gave  satisfaction  accord- 
ing as  its  designer  had  interpreted  the  client's  wish  to  make  it 
resplendent  above  that  of  his  neighbors.  It  was  the  designer's 
opportunity  in  the  sense  that  it  enabled  him  to  design  witliout 
stint,  to  elaborate  to  the  fullest  extent  of  his  desire,  to  produce 
something  that  must  attract,  no  matter  what  form  the  attrac- 
tion took.  The  client  may  have  been  a  parvenu  in  which  case 
it  would  be  difficult  for  the  architect  to  keep  out  of  his  design 
some  at  least  of  the  vulgarity  dear  to  the  heart  of  the  parvenu. 
If  he  were  a  person  above  vulgarity  he  would  expect  his  archi- 
tect at  least  to  lie  unaiiaring  in  the  details  which  commonly 
constitute  ornament  in  design.  If  it  were  a  public  body  or  a 
Government  Department  there  would  at  least  be  the  encourage- 
ment to  be  over-generous  with  space,  with  height  of  facade, 
with  size  of  door  and  window;  and  the  architect  would  feel  it 
impossible  to  deal  with  such  work  on  a  large  scale  without 
adding  elaboration  in  |)roportion  to  tile  scale.  In  any  case  the 
tendency  to  free  spending  on  building  would  create  a  tendency 
to  free  use  of  ornament,  since  ornament  is  so  handy  a  thing 
for  covering  up  bad  design  or  ill  proportion.  This  has  truly 
been  the  source  of  much  bad  architecture;  it  may  even  be  put 
down  as  one  of  the  causes  of  present  day  degeneracy;  and  for 
examples  we  need  not  go  further  than  India. 

Hut  how  about  the  reverse  of  the  picture?  'What  should  be 
the  effect  on  design  of  a  serious  restriction  of  funds  for  build- 
ing purposes'?  We  take  up  the  annual  report  on  Architectural 
Work  in  India  and  looking  over  its  illustrations,  page  after 
page,  note  how  little  the  volume  contains  of  anything  that  may 
be  called  florid  in  design.  When  one  closes  the  volume  and 
asks  himself  what  is  the  keynote  of  its  contents,  he  has  to  con- 
fess that  it  is  ab.soiute  simplicity,  almost  baldness,  yet  that 
it  is  architecturally  satisfying,  a  record  of  good  taste  expressed 
with  l)ut  little  elaboration  and  obviously  at  only  small  expense. 
We  are  not  rich  in  India.  The  Indian  I'rinces  and  many  Indian 
business  men  are,  and  we  see  their  riches  reflected  from  their 
palaces  but  few  of  which  would  stand  up  against  sober  criticism. 
Hut  the  Government  is  not  rich,  and  no  one  knows  it  better 
tlian  its  own  oihcei-s  who  liave  to  spend  the  funds  they  are 
entrusted  with  with  a  sparing  hand.  Has  this  circumstance  not 
its  educational  effect  on  its  architects?  We  think  it  has.  They 
are  being  trained  to  depend  for  the  worth  of  their  work  on  the 
simple  elements  that  constitute  good  art.  The  meretriciousness 
of  ornament  is  discarded,  and  they  are  turning  out  work,  much 
of  it  in  plain  brick  and  sand  plaster,  which  possesses  the  in- 
trinsic merit  of  good  .-irrangemeTU,  good  grouping  and  good 
proportion,  witli  an  adaptation  to  purpose  which  may  be  read 
in  the  very  f.ice  of  it.  We  do  not  sa\'  all  this  for  the  purpose 
of  glorifying  the  men  whose  works  we  are  referring  to;  it  is 
probable  that  mt)st  men  trained  in  the  art  and  placed  under  the 
same  circumstances  would  achieve  the  same  results.  Our  pur- 
pose is  to  illustrate  the  principle  that  the  architect's  opportunit.v 
really  lies  in  the  restriction  of  the  means  furnished  to  him  for 
pursuing  Ills  art.  It  is  merely  another  exemplification  of  the 
old  adage — "No  school  like  the  school  of  adversity." 

Hut  the  lesson  taught  to  oui"  Indian  architects  is  surely  about 
to  be  taught  to  arcliiteots  at  home,  and  indeed  over  ail  Kurope, 
on  a  much  more  imi)ressive  scale.  This  is  a  period  in  which 
building  work  is  suspended,  wlille  buildings  in  large  numbers 
are  also  being  anniliilated.  The  next  will  be  a  period  in  which 
the  demand  for  building  will  lie  unprecedented  u-hile  the  where- 
withal to  build  will  be  restricted  as  it  never  has  been.  The 
architect  must  then  come  to  the  rescue  with  a  skill  he  has  never 
been  called  upon  to  exercise  before.  He  must  cast  aside  the 
predilections  of  a  lifetime  and  choose  the  materials  whicli 
economy  suggests,  he  must  see  to  it  that  neither  space  nor 
material  is  wasted  in  :in\'  part  of  Ids  design,  must  put  on  one  side 
Ids  most  cherished  features  of  ornament,  and  trust  for  his  effects 
in  simidicity  and  directness.  His  wortli  in  fact  as  an  architect  will 
be  valued  in  proportion  as  he  has  studied  economy  without 
sacrificing  stability  and  beauty.  This  is  to  be  the  new  ideal 
after  tiie  war  and  will  be  a  direct  outcome  of  it.  It  will  create 
a  new  outlook  and  a  new  study,  and  if  rightly  taken  might  lead 
to  a  regeneration  of  art.  Tlie  comiiiaint  lias  been  made  for 
>ears  tliat  tlie  art  is  decaying  and  will  soon  cease  to  be  an  art; 
but  we  liave  with  unexpected  suddenness  been  brought  to  a 
tialt  with  an  outlook  beyond  differing  materially  from  the  one 
liehind.  it  is  for  us  to  seize  the  opportunity  and  make  the  most 
of  it. — "Indian  Kngineering.  " 


OAS  ASSOCIATION  CONVENTION. 

The  Ninth  Annual  Convention  of  the  Canadian  Gas  Associa- 
tion was.  held  at  Quebec  on  August  16th  and  17th,  there  being 
oyer  one  hundred  and  fifty  In  attendance.  The  papers  read  at 
the  convention  Included  "Gas  Lighting."  bv  J.  P.  Conroy  of 
the  r.enerai  Gas  Light  Company,  New  York.  ' 

"Is  Industrial  Fuel  Business  Worth  While,"  by  H.  E  G 
Watson,  Consumers'  Gas  Company,   Toronto. 

"What  Is  a  Gas  Meter?"  by  J.  H.  McNary,  Manager,  Can- 
adian Meter  Company,  Hamilton,  Ontario. 

"A  Comparison  of  Modern  Coal  (Carbonizations  Systems,"  by 
Vernon  Baker,  Kngineers,  D.  R.  Russell  Kngineering  and  De- 
velopment Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

The  Relationship  Between  the  .Accounting  and  Operating 
Departments,"  by  H.  K.  Tennent,  Accountant,  Quebec  Railway, 
Light,   Heat  and   Power  Co.,   Queiiec. 

".Some  Wrinkles  on  Distribution,"  by  P.  B.  Lamb,  Ottawa 
(Jas  Co.,   Ottawa,   Ont. 

The  election  of  ofl'Icers  resulted  as  follows;  President,  J  I' 
King,  Stratford,  Ont.;  1st  Vice-President.  J.  H.  Yonge,  London, 
Ont.;  2nd  Vice-President.  C.  C.  Foiger.  Kingston,  Ont.;  Execu- 
tive Committee,  R.  A.  Wallace,  Quebec;  Arthur  Hewitt,  Toronto- 
.1.  S.  Norrlss,  Montreal;  A.  A.  Dion,  Ottawa;T.  A.  Gardner, 
Brockvllle;  V.  S.  MclOntyre,  Kitchener,  Ontario.  Secretary- 
Treasurer,    Geo.    W.    Allen,    Toronto.    Ontario. 


CATALOGUES,  ETC. 

Kauitlne  Sanitary  Equipment.— A  descriptive  catalogue 
setting  forth  the  Kaustlne  waterless  method  of  rural  sanitation 
lias  been  issued  liy  the  Kaustlne  Co..  Limited,  Toronto.  It  sets 
forth  in  a  comiuehcnsive  and  illustrated  wav  the  many  con- 
veniences of  the  system.  How  to  make  your  village  or  country 
home  sanitary  is  of  necessary  Interest  and  is  aptly  covered  by 
this  catalogue. 

"Corr-Mesh"  is  the  title  of  the  catalogue  Issued  by  the  Cor- 
rugated Bar  Company,  of  Buffalo,  N.Y.,  describing  the  stiff  rib 
expanded  metal  manufactured  by  them,  and  contains  details, 
specifications,  construction,  photographs,  instructions  for  using 
the  material,  and  other  data  for  architects,  engineers  and  con- 
tractors. These  materials  are  especially  adapted  for  construction 
of  partitions  and  exterior  walls,  as  well  as  for  floors  and  roofs, 
slabs,  walls  for  factory  buildings,  stucco  residences,  and  farm 
tniildings.  , 

Non-Slipping  Tread*  and  Tile*.— The  specialties  of  the 
Diamond  Tread  Co..  Ltd..  are  described  and  illustrated  in  a 
folder  issued  by  them.  The  treads  and  tiles  are  supplied  under 
exclusive  contract  to  the  War  Office  and  Admiraltv.  They  are 
made  in  any  length  and  prepared  ready  for  fixing  on  new  or 
worn  wood,  stone  or  granolithic  steps.  The  products  of  this 
concern  should  be  of  interest  to  architects.  Copies  of  this 
catalogue  may  be  obtained  from  W.  A.  Buchanan,  Traders  Bank 
Building,  Toronto. 

Concrete  Swimming  and  Wading  Pools  and  How  to  Build 
Them. — This  is  the  latest  publication  of  the  Portland  Cement 
Association.  It  treats  of  the  fundamentaJ  iirinciples  that  should 
be  observed  in  locating,  constructing  and  operating  the  private 
or  small  semi-public  outdoor  pool  so  that  ail  of  its  advantages 
may  be  realized.  The  illustrations  in  this  booklet  will  imjiress 
one  with  the  wide  range  of  cost  that  mav  govern  in  the  con- 
struction of  a  swimming  pool.  This  booiilet  mav  be  obtained 
free  of  cost  ujion  request  of  the  Portland  Cement  Association, 
lllWest  Washington  street,  Chicago,  111. 

"Modern"  Heating  Systems  for  large  buildings  are  now  being 
marketed  by  the  Modern  Heating  and  Engineering  Co.,  Ltd.,  re- 
cently incorporated  by  Montreal  and  Hull  business  men.  This 
heating  system  is  of  Interest  to  every  architect,  engineer  and 
contractor,  as  there  Is  a  guaranteed  pure  saving  of  at  least  25 
per  cent,  compared  with  the  consumption  of  the  next  best  sys- 
tem, which  represents  a  claim  that  the  system  will  pay  for  itself 
in  four  years.  The  headquarters  of  this  company  are  at  83 
Bleury  street.  Montreal,  with  the  following  oflicers:  President, 
Jos.  Gravel;  Vice-President,  Jos.  Caron;  Directors.  A.  A.  Mondou, 
M.P.,  Dr.  U.  Archaitibault  and  A.  A.  Archambault;  General  Man- 
ager and  Treasurer,  J.  W.  Guimont;  Assistant  Manager  and 
Heating  Engineer,  John  T.  Lochart. 


LONGEST   STEEL   ARCH    BRIDGE    IN   THE   WORLD. 

The  longest  steel  arch  bridge  in  the  world  is  the  recently 
completed  one  over  Hell  Gate.  I'"ast  River,  New  York.  It  has 
a  span  of  l.noo  feet  lietween  tlie  abutment  towers,  a  clear 
height  of  Ur.  feet  and  a  total  height  of  200  feet  above  high 
water. 


CONTRACTORSand  SUB-CONTRACTORS 

'As  Supplied  by  The  Architects  of  Building 
Featured  in  This  Issti* 

Building,    Customs    Examining    Warehouse,    Montreal,    P.O. 

.Architect,  K.  L.  Horwood;    Consulting  Architect,  A.  H.  Lapierre. 

Brick,  plain,  LaPrairie  National  Brick  Co.;  fancy.  No.  1  Buff 
Pressed.  Toronto  Pressed  Brick  Co..  Dartnell.  Ltd.,  agents;  en- 
ameled, Don  Valley  White  Enameled  Brick,  David  McGlII. 
airent. 

Boilers.   Warden   King.    Limited. 

Casements  and  Window  Construction  and  Window  Trim,  W. 
Pauze   &   Fils  Co. 

Concrete  Work,    Reinforced,   Hofeller  Concrete  Co.,   Ltd. 

i-'iectric  Wiring  and  Annnrat"s.   P.  Lathe'-  *  Co. 

Elevators  and   Hoists,   Otis  Fensom  Co.,   Ltd. 

Fire  Doors.   T.   Lessard   &   Sons,   Ltd. 

Flooring,   Seamen  Kent  Co. 

Glass.    Alex.    Craig,    Ltd. 

Hardware,    Peterborough    Lock    Mfg.    Co..    Ltd. 

Marble,  P.  Lyall  &  Sons  Cons.   Co.,  Ltd. 

Ornamental   Iron,   John  Watson    &   Sons,   Ltd. 

Paints.  Alex.  Craig.  Ltd.,  contractor,  McArthur-Irwin,  Sher- 
win-Williams. 

lUumbing.  bath  fittings,  sanitary  fixtures,  faucets,  T.  O'Connell. 

Plaster  Work,   ceiling,   R.  D.   Clarke  &  Sons,   Ltd. 

Radiators,    manufacturers,    Dominion    Radiator. 

Roofing.  T.   Lessard  ^   Sons.   Ltd. 

Stone,   natural.   Wallace  Sandstone  Quarries,   Ltd. 

Granite.    Stanstead   Granite    Co. 

Structural  Iron  and  Steel,   National  Bridge  Co. 

Terra  Cotta.  partitions,  etc.,  Montreal  Terra  Cotta  Co.,  Ltd.,  42 
St.   Sacrament. 

Varnish,  Glidden  Varnish. 

Contractors,  general.   P.   Lyall  &  Sons  Construction  Co.,  Ltd. 


^' 


1 


October,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  10 


CONTENTS 

HOSPITAL   FOR    INSANE,   WHITBY.   ONTARIO    ' 319 

ROYAL    ARCHITECTURAL    INSTITUTE    OF    CANADA    347 

A    CANADIAN     DESIGNED    ARSENAL     349 

EDITORIAL    356 

Progressive   Hospital   Construction Ueveloping;   the   Individual 

Hopeful    Outlook. 

ARCHITECTURAL    DIGEST    358 

CONSTRUCTION      NEWS      360 

Full    Page    Illustrations 

LINCOLN   HOUSE   PORTICO,   MANCHESTER. BY-THE-SEA,   MASS.,   U.S.A. 

Frontispiece 

GENERAL    VIEW    OF     PLANT,     CANADIAN     CARTRIDGE    CO.,     LIMITED, 

HAMILTON.     ONTARIO      348 


H.    GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

CR.M'HIC  MiTS  BM)0..  TORONTO,  CANADA 

BR.\NCH  OFHICKS 

MONTREAL  NEW  YORK 


I.INI-OI.N  HOrsK  roRTR'O,  MANl'H  KSTEIi-BY-TH  E-SEA.  MASS.  THE 
"KlGINAl,  IIOISE  WAS  Bl'ILT  IN  1700.  THE  PORTICO,  AUDEU  DfRIXG 
THE    LAST    CEXTIRY,    IS    A    REPLICA    OF    A    FAMOVS    SALEM    DOORWAY. 


CONSTRUCTION 


319 


i^^^W--^S^-v^^^m^:^fe>^ . 


THE    MAI>E    AND    FEMALE    RECEPTION     HOSPITALS,    WITH     THE    ADMINISTRATION    BI'ILDINi;    IN    THE    TENTRE.     HOSPITAL    FOR    INSANE.    WHITIIY.    ONT. 

JAMES    OOVAN,    ARCHITECT. 

Hospital  for  Insane,  Whitby,  Ontario 

A    Notable  Achievement    in    Hospital    Construction    and   Equipment. 


THE  opening  of  pari  of  the  new  Hospital 
for  Insane  at  Whitbj'  marks  a  very  decidetl 
change  in  tlie  type  of  liospital  devoted  to  the 
care  of  the  mentally  sick  in  this  country.  The 
modern  hospital  for  the  mentally  afflicted  dif- 
fers from  the  asylum  of  a  decade  ago  quite  as 
mucli  as  the  present  day  reformatory  contrasts 
with  the  penitentiary  of  a  few  years  back.  The 
l)ublic  generally  is  not  so  well  aw^are  of  this  fact 
as  it  should  be.  The  same  advanced  thought 
which  resulted  in  the  creation  at  'the  Provincial 
Reformatoi-y,  Gueljih,  of  an  institution  which 
marks  the  Province  of  Ontario  as  standing  at 
tlie  head  in  penological  reform,  is  in  evidence 
in  the  design  and  construction  of  this  new  hos- 
pital. 

The  Hon.  W.  J.  Hanna,  Provinciail  Secretary, 
under  whose  regime  both  of  these  large  under- 
takings have  been  evolved,  is  to-day  being  con- 
gratulated by  all  those  who  have  had  an  oppor- 
tunity of  visiting  the  Whitby  institution,  and 
who  are  qualified  to  express  an  opinion,  upon 
having  duplicated  the  success  of  his  Guelph 
achievement. 

In  its  handling  of  this  great  question  of  treait- 
ment  of  tho-se  who  have  hitherto  been  looked 
upon  as  Pariahs,  but  who  are  now  more  and 
more  beginning  to  be  thought  of  as  mentally 
sick— to  differentiate  from  the  bodily  sick— the 
Province  of  Ontario  is  gradually  develoinng  the 
hospitalization  of  its  institutions  in  a  way 
which  does  not  seem  to  be  bettered,  either  oil 
this  continent  or  in  Europe,  at  the  present  time. 

A  review  of  the  woi-k  of  this  kind  done  in 
Euro|)e  reveals 
the  fact  that  in 
the  planning  of 
their  so-<!alled 
a  s  >■  I  u  m  «,  the 
architects  have 
been  influenced 
very  largely  by 
the  ailoption  of 
the  village  sys- 
tem in  Germany, 


KITCHEN   AND  DI.NI.N'fi  ROOMS  FOR  THE   WOMEN'S  COTTAOE  lENTRE. 


which  had  its  beginning  ait  Alt-Scherbitz,  in 
Saxony.  The  idea  of  the  village  type  of  mental 
hospital  lias  also  spread  to  the  United  States, 
and  to  some  extent  it  has  affected  the  work 
done  at  some  of  our  C^anadian  institutions.  Al- 
though the  declaration  of  war  was  yet  more 
than  two  years  off  when  the  first  .studies  of  the 
Whitby  Hospital  were  made,  the  prevalent  wor- 
ship of  German  ideas  and  methods  did  not  blind 
tJiose  responsible  for  the  scheme  to  the  very 
glaring  defects  which  were  evidently  being 
ignored  by  those  who  were  so  slavishly  follow- 
ing German  practice. 

Several  of  the  physicians  engaged  in  this 
work  at  the  Ontario  institutions  who  had  visit- 
ed the  best  German  hospitals,  were  disappoint- 
ed to  find  conditions  there  not  as  ideal  in  some 
respects  as  they  ha<l  hoped  to  see. 

While  laboratory  work  occupied  a  very  high 
})lace,  the  consensus  of  opinion  was  that  the 
welfare  of  the  jiatients  seemed  to  be  secondary 
to  the  opportunities  for  study  and  research  af- 
forded 'the  doctors  in  charge.  While  it  was 
true  that  much  admirable  scientific  work  was 
being  done  for  the  i)atients  who  were  looked 
upon  as  being  special  hosiiital  cases,  many  of 
the  patients  were  neglected  and  relegated  to 
separate  buildings  for  so-called  chronics,  where 
there  was  an  entire  absence  of  the  nursing  and 
care  which  distinguish  all  branches  of  the  work 
as  now  carried  out  in  this  Pix)vince. 

A  careful  study  of  the  plans  of  nearly  all  the 
German  asylums  reveals  further  that  the  tre- 
mendously important  i)robleni  of  planning  for 

sunlight  in  all 
buildings  hous- 
ing |)atients  has 
been  negilected 
there,  and  by 
those  who  liave 
been  following 
German  exam- 
~_i  l)les,  in  a  way 
■■  that  is  ailmost 
unbelievable. 


IWSl 


320 


CONSTRUCTION 


.*.    .« 


CONSTRUCTION 


321 


<"  «^ 


■9 


iQ'^a      |i«s1N.' 


S3    fc 


i^M 


f 


,/*■   »":.V 


«»IZ 


.'i  * 


SO  i^  t,  ''  ^'9  -/' 


4  -ir*1^,  t 


OI. 


.K 


BANGOUR  VILLAGE  ASYLUM,   NEAR   EDINBURGH,   SCOTLAND. 

The  ideas  on  which  the  scheme  at  Whitby  is 
based  are  the  result  more  of  a  close  study  of 
Ontario's  own  problem  as  revealed  in  the  in- 
stitutions already  in  ex- 
istence, rather  than  the 
slavish      following      of 
work     done     in     other 
countries. 

The  development  of 
the  use  of  trained  fe- 
male nurses  for  male  as 
well  as  female  oases, 
with  the  consequent 
change  from  the  asylum 
to  the  hospital  idea, 
which  has  been  a  feature 
of  some  of  the  Scottish 
institutions  for  many 
j^ars,  has  won  the  ap- 
proval of  the  Ontario 
psychiatrists,  and  has 
had  a  strong  influence 
on  the  progress  made 
along  these  lines  in  this 
Province. 

Two   main    ideas    in- 
fluenced    the     develop- 
ment of  the  scheme  as 
a  whole,  and  the  further 
component    i^arts ;   iirst, 


LONG    GROVE    ASYLUM,    LONDON    COUNTY    COUNCIL,    ENGLAND. 


working  out  of  its 
the  classification  of 
patients  into  two  different  groups,  hospital  and 
industrial;  and  second,  planning  for  sunlight  in 
all  wards  and  rooms  occupied  by  patients  at  all 
seasons  of  the  year,  and  particularly  during  the 
winter  months. 

Whitby  differs  from  other  institutions  in  that 
the  hospital  idea  of  nursing  and  treatment  is 
being  carried  into  all  its  buildings,  and  that 
while  the  cottages  for  patients  who  are  physi- 
cally well  enough  to  be  occupied  daily  have  none 
of  the  all  too  common  institution  appearance 
and  atino-plicre,  but  are  rather  of  a  domestic 
type  of  architecture,  they  still  preserve  inter- 
nallly  a  hospital  character  in  the  arrangement 
of  wards,  single  rooms  and  treatment  rooms, 
which  will  call  for  the  highest  degree  of  nursinc 
skill. 


The  result  of  this  arrangement  will  be  that 
the  hospital  training  of  all  the  nurses  Avill  be 
continued,  no  matter  in  which  building  they  may 
be  employed.  This  will  contribute  in  no  small 
degree  to  the  successful  training  of  the  nurses, 
and  will  give  them  further  opportunities  to  add 
to  the  reputation  of  the  graduate  nurses  of  the 
Ontario  public  institutions,  a  reputation  which 
has  been  declared  to  be  second  to  none  by  those 
who  have  had  an  opportunitj'  of  judging  the 
work  done  by  nurses  who  have  gone  from 
these  institutions  to  serve  in  the  wards  of  the 
overseas  military  hospitals. 

The  determination  to  place  the  buildings  so 
that  all  wards  and  rooms  occupied  by  patients 
shall  receive  direct  sunlight  at  some  period  of 
the    shortest    day,    implies    some    criticism   of 

schemes  which  have  in 
other  respects  received 
much  favorable  notice, 
such  as,  lor  instance, 
"Long  Grove,"  in  Eng- 
land; "Mauer  Ohling," 
i  n  Austria  -  Hungary ; 
"Bangour,"  in  Scot- 
land—illustrations 0  f 
which  are  given  for 
purposes  of  compari- 
son—and also  other  in- 
stitutions in  the  United 
States,  where  evidently 
this  problem  lias  not 
been  given  any  more 
consideration  than  in 
the  examples  illus- 
trated. 

That  the  orientation 
of  hospital  buildings  in 
Canada  is  of  the  very 
greatest  importance  is 
evident  when  we  re- 
member that  in  winter 
it  is  absolutely  essential  to  admit  the  direct  rays 
of  the  sun  into  our  buildings,  because  the  low 


.MliNTAr.      ilnsI'lTAI.. 


111LIX<;,"     AUSTRIA- MI' N1IA1:V. 


322 


CONSTRUCTION 


outside  temperatures 
do  not  permit  us  to 
keep  wiiulows  open, 
and  thus  admit  the  en- 
try of  sun-purified  air. 

UESCKIPTION       OF       HOS- 
IMTAI.. 

Tlic  main  fi:roup  of 
buildinj^s  is  phiced  on 
a  wide,  gentle  slope, 
havinii;  the  advantage 
of  a  southeastern  ex- 
posure. From  this 
site  extensive  views 
may  be  had  across 
Lake  Ontario  to  the 
soutli,  and  Whitl)y  har- 
bor to  the  east.  The 
town  of  Whitby  lies  to 
the  north,  and  to  the 
west  is  a  pi"osj)erous 
fanning  country. 
Great  natural  beauty, 
existing  trees,  orch- 
ards and  roads,  con- 
venient railway  and 
water  facilities,  all 
emphasize  the  suitabil- 
ity of  the  property  for 
hospital  purposes. 

A  reference  to  the 
site  plan  shows  an  ar- 
rangement of  buildings 
which  may  best  be 
described  as  a  hospital 
village.  The  institu- 
tion is  divided  into 
three  centres:  First, 
nearest  the  lake  fix)nt, 
the  principal  hosjjital 
centre,  and  the  second 
and  third,  the  two 
groups  of  cottages  for 
men  and  women,  sep- 
arated from  the  hos- 
})ital  centre  by  the  rec- 
reation and  athletic 
grounds.  The  build- 
ings when  comi)lete<l 
will  accommodate  fif- 
teen hundred  patients. 

HOSPITAL  CENTRE. 

The  hospital  centre 
consists  of  four  hos- 
pita'l  buildings,  with  a 
central  kitchen  and 
dining-rooms.  Two  of 
these  buildings  accora- 
m  o  d  a  t  e  sixty-three 
patients  each,  and  will 


CONSTRUCTION 


323 


Geound  fijooE  Plan 

CoTTAGF-5*'I-2  43. 

be  used  as  reception  or  observation  hospitals, 
and  for  incipient  cases.  With  these  should  be 
included  two  convalescent  cottages,  accommodat- 
ing thirty-five  patients  each.  The  other  two 
buildings  at  this  centre  accommodate  one  imn- 
dred  and  four  patients  each,  and  will  be  used 
for  recurrent  acute  cases. 

The  reception  or  observation  liospitais  foitn  a 
sei)arate  unit  distinct  from  the  rest  of  the  in- 
stitution, but  in  close  touch  with  it.  Here  pati- 
ents will  be  received,  cared  for  and  treated,; 
then,  if  satisfactory  progress  is  made,  given  a 
period  of  probation  in  the  adjacent  convalescen!; 
cottages,  without  coming  in  contact  with  cases 
of  longer  duration  in  the  institution. 

The  arrangement  of  the  roads  and  grounds  is 


Bath  ltool^  Iteumd    clothing  Cm  t 

U   tm    U 


GeOUND    TlDOB  PlAH 
COT1AGF.3  *''4-S-6-  ?-4  8. 


TIB5T  Flooe  Plan 

COTTAGEJ  *'  1  -^()  3, 

sucli  that  traffic  to  and  from  the  other  parts  of 
the  institution  need  not  i)ass  near  the  reception 
hosi)ita(ls. 

Should  a  patient  not  make  the  desired  pro- 
gress in  the  time  allowed  in  the  reception  hos- 
pital, he  or  she  will  be  transferred  to  another 
l)art  of  the  institution,  first  either  to  one  of  the 
cottages  in  the  industrial  group,  should  bodily 
health  be  such  as  to  make  this  transfer  desir- 
able, or  secondly,  to  an  infirmary  or  other  hos- 
pital building  as  the  necessity  of  the  case  may 
demand. 

COTTAGE  CENTRES. 

The  cottage  centres  consist  of  two  groups  of 
eight     cottages     each,     accommodating     from 


'     U-'t'HJ      '  1 


5lDt    DOPMITOBy 


PEAI?     t)OEMiroOT 


1     Pi     iH     I  ""^ 


riP5T   Flooe  Pmn 

CoTTAGKa*"--!-  5-6.?4,5 


NOTf. 


Toe  WiMOOW   *,'   Jf£    Pi. AM   or  COTTAOf.5*' I   ^  4  3 


NOTt. 


fOR  fflMDO*  *'.^tl    hAfi  or  CottaCU   I  ^4  3 


.<24 


CONS  T  R  U  C  T  1  O  N 


I.AYIXG    L"I"   TII.K    WAU.S    FItOM    (SII.UKKTII    SCAKKOI.D. 


of  tlu"  i»r<)])('i-  .scj<i-fj>iiti()ii  ol'  all 
oasos  of  tuberi'ulosi.s  and  other 
(liseasoH  rt'(|uiriuf?  to  be  isolated 
from  the  fj:oiieral  nii^dicai  hos- 
|)ital. 

TUKATMENX   ROOMS. 

Provision  for  carrying  out  the 
best  ideas  of  j>8ydiiatry  in  the 
treatment  of  patients  has  had 
cMieful  attention,  and  the  i)hais 
ciiihody  special  arrangements  for 
continuous  baths  and  other  hy- 
dio-tlierapeutic  measures,  elec- 
tro -  therapy,  meeiiano  -  therapy, 
hot  air  baths,  massage,  special 
rest  rooms  and  liygienie  diet;  also 
surgery,  dentistry,  o]>lithalm- 
ology,  etc. 

It  should  be  noted  that  much  of 
the  e(piij)ment  for  this  work  has 


fifty-seven  to  sixty-two  patients 
in  each  cottage.  For  each  gi-oup 
an  infirmary  is  provided,  which 
will  take  caie  of  all  patients  as- 
signed to  cottage  centres  who  re- 
(piire  special  nursing  on  account 
of  general  feebleness  or  i)hysical 
illness.  The  cottage  centi'es  will 
acconniiodate  all  patients  who  do 
not  reipiire,  or  wiio  have  ceased 
to  re(piii'e  for  a  time  at  least,  spe- 
cial medical  treatment,  the  more 
easily  managed  patients,  the 
working  patients,  and  all  who 
would  be  benefited  by  the  sug 
gestion  of  normal  home  life. 

ISOLATION    IIOSl'ITAI.S. 

Isolation  hospitals  will  permit 


A  COTTAGE  I'NDER  CONSTRUCTION. 
MATERIALS    AND 


;ii.i:i:KTn  scah i-'iii.ii  iihim;  i:aisi:[i  whii.k  bisicklayeks  contini'e  their  operations. 


NOTE   USE  OF  light  RAILWAY   AND  HOIST  FOR  DISTRIBUTING 
GILB3ETH     SCAFFOLD    FOR     UPPER    STOREY. 


been  manufactured  in  Canada  for 
the  first  time  from  special  details 
prei)ared  by  the  dei)artment.  The 
goods  produced  are  (piite  e<iual 
to  tliose  which  have  been  import- 
ed hitherto;  indeed,  in  some  de- 
tails, such  as  insulation  and  con- 
struction, they  are  superior. 

Srx  ROOMS. 

In    all    the    hospitals    and    in- 
firnmries   very   liberal   provision 
las  been   made   for  treating  ]»a- 
icnts  in  sun  rooms. 

Rl  SEARCH    WORK. 

Every  facility  is  being  ])ro- 
vided  for  medical  research  work, 
both  clinical  and  in  laboratories, 
with  lecture  rooms  for  demon- 
sti'ations  and  trainim--  of  the 
statT. 


CONS  T  R  U  C  T  1  O  N 


.525 


OTllKI!    I'.ril.DINGS. 

Tlic  luifsos'  liouie  and  annexes, 
otHcers'  quarters,  surgical,  patho- 
logical, church,  luill  and  recrea- 
tion buildings  are  all  centrally 
located,  so  as  to  be  convenient  to 
all  sections  of  the  institution, 
while  the  power  house,  stores 
building  and  workshops  are  ad- 
jacent to  the  railway'  siding, 
which  was  i)urposely  ke))t  as  fai- 
away  from  the  patients'  buildings 
as  practicable. 

WORK   COMPLETED. 

The  buildings  erected  and 
ready  for  occupation  so  far  in- 
clude the  eight  cottages  of  the 
women's  centre  and  the  central 
kitchen  and  dining  room  building 
for  the  groui).     The  sewage  dis- 


LAYINCl    .SPANISH     liOOFlNG    TILK    .MADK    AT 
(iOVEHNMENT    CLAY    PLANT. 

TioN,  it  will  perhaps  be  better  to 
confine  attention  to  the  details  of 
those  buildings  which  can  be  il- 
lustrated. 

COTTAGES. 

With  the  exception  of  some 
single  rooms  for  specially  pri- 
vileged patients,  the  ground  flooi- 
is  reserved  for  day  use,  while  the 
sleeping  accommodation  is  i)ro- 
vided  on  the  upper  floor.  The 
sleeping  wards  and  day  rooms  are 
extremely  l)right  and  cheerful, 
and  their  openness  and  lack  of 
any  suggestion  of  restraint,  .strike 
the  visitor  at  once  as  being 
unique.  They  are  so  arranged, 
however,  that  supervision  by  the 
nurses    is    rendered   almost    per- 


PUTTI.NO  ON    STICCO   WITH    "CEMENT  GUN." 

posal  ijlant  for  the  entire  hos- 
l)ital  is  also  completed.  Part  of 
the  cold  storage  plant,  power 
house,  men's  cottage  centre  and 
dining-room  building  for  that 
group  are  also  almost  finished. 
Infirmary  No.  1  is  up  to  the  roof 
level,  and  infirmary  No.  2  is  well 
up  in  the  second  story.  All  un- 
derground work,  such  as  sewers, 
water,  heat,  light  and  power 
mains,  have  been  completed  for 
the  two  cottage  centres.  ^laterials 
have  been  delivered  to  the  site  for 
the  construction  of  tlie  reception 
hospitals. 

While  till'  plans  for  the  build 
iiigs    not    yet    erected    embrace 
many  features  which  would  be  of 
interest  to  readers  of  Coxstrtc 


i;NTr;AXi-i-;,   iM'ii:.\r:\i;^    no.   i,  siciwrN';    i  sk  i>f    r.\i'i:s'nM    i;i:ifK   ami  -ni.i-:   i'A'i"n;i:\s 


2,26 


CONSTRUCTION 


TtTT) 


*; 


^-'^ 


INFIKMAltV    NO.    1,   UltOlNl)  FLOOII   PLAN,    HOSI'ITAL  KOI!    INSANE,   WHITBY,   ONT. 


JAMBS  GOVaN,  architect. 


?°='^'^'^^ir+¥='  ^'P-'^ 


[j3  H         i'       •*-  "■■■""''"".7,.... 


I  .153  i  aB-t«»  "t3 


I.NKII;.\1A1;V    NO.    1,    I  TPER    FLOOR    PLAN,    HOSPITAL   KOI!    IN.SANE.    WHITBY.    ONT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


327 


feet.  Each  cottage  is  a  hospital 
in  itself,  having  its  own  facilities 
for  liydro-tlierapeutic  work,  and 
its  own  diet  kitchen.  Convenient 
access  to  external  balconies  is 
provided  at  the  front  and  rear 
wing  of  each  cottage,  so  that 
patients  can  be  easily  removed  in 
the  event  of  a  fire  taking  place— 
a  most  imlikely  occurrence,  when 
the  fireproof  nature  of  the  ma- 
terials used  in  the  construction  of 
the  buildings  is  taken  into  ac- 
count. 

The  entire  absence  of  the  drab 
neutral  colors,  which  are  so  char- 
acteristic of  hospitals  of  this 
kind,  is  noteworthy.  While  no 
expensive  finishes  and  decora- 
tions have  been  used,  the  general 


ONE  OK   THK  KNTKANCES   TO   UlNINU   KOOM, 

BUILDING   NO.    I.       THIS   ADMITS    I'ATIENTS 

FROM    TWO   COTTAGES, 


effect  of  the  harmonious  color 
combinations  of  tan,  delicate 
gi"een  and  ivory  on  the  walls  and 
ceilings,  together  with  the  warm 
reds  of  the  (juarry  tile  floors  and 
brown  linoleum,  relieved  by  the 
brighter  patterns  and  colors  of 
the  window  draperies— all  tend 
to  create  a  home-like  atmosphere. 
This  effect  is  added  to  by  the 
simple  lines  of  the  furniture, 
which  has  the  necessary  strength 
without  being  cumbersome,  thus 
maintaining  the  domestic  char- 
acter of  the  rooms. 

In  the  wards  and  single  rooms 
the  provision  of  small  tables  with 
a  drawer  for  each  patient  to  take 
care  of  brush,  comb  and  other 
toilet  articles,  and  a  small  brass 


END    OF    NURSES'    DINING    ROOM     WING    OF    DINING    ROOM    BUILDING    NO.    I,     WOMEN'S    CENTRE. 


'  r-H 


,  Pi^-J  1 


I  I 

L 


I 

1       ' 
«       I 

■J     I 


IT 


I  32 


'■':.^ — ^-  -^ 


T-J 


\7 
fc        »       «        J 


-i- 


BASEMENT  FLOOR. 


GROUND  FLOOR. 


)    "    i 

h       .      -      J 


UPPER   FLOOR. 
JAMES  GOVAN,  ARCHITECT. 


KITCHE.N-    AND    DINING    ROOM     BUILDINGS    AT    COTTACiE    CENTRE    1    AND    2.    HOSPITAL    FOR    INSANE,  WHITBY,  ONT. 

INDKX  TO  I'LAN  OK  KITCMKN  AND  DINIXd  IIOO.M  HflLmXliS:    1.  (iooils  iwoiving  platform;   2,  Hoist;  3,  r)ai).v  stores;  4,  5,  0,  CoW  storage  rooms;  7,  Dumb  wait- 
r;  8,  Kitchen;  9.  Alcove  for  ilisti  washinK  machine;  10,  Chef's  ofBcc ;  11,  Serveries ;    12,  Patients'  dining  rooms,  one  for  each  t 


room.  Infirmary  patients 


,        ,  ,    ._ ning  rooms,  one  for  eacn  cottage;   IX,  Patients'  entrances;   14,    Mning 

,    .  li).  Patients'  toilet  rooms;   10,  Dining  room  for  help;   17,  Verandah;    18.  Coat  room  and   toilet   for  help;    19.   Kntranee  for  help;    20,  Kntrance  to 

nurses'  dining  room;  21.  Drying  closets;  22,  I'tility  room;  23.  Fish  cold  .storage;  24,  Fuel  store;  25,  Sterilizing  room;  20.  Fresh  air  duct  to  kitchen;  27,  Scullery;  28, 
r.rease  pit  room:  29,  Sub  Power  Station  for  (ottage  (Vntre;  :!0,  Transformer  iiKim  ;  :il.  Colil  storage,  primary  tank  room:  ■i'i.  l'l>|i<T  part  of  kitchen;  .;::,  K.xhaust  ventilat- 
ing chamber;  .11,  Nurses'  toilet  and  coat  room;  3.5,  Nurses'  dining  room;  30,  Nurses*  balcony. 


328 


CONSTRUCTION 


rail  for  an  individual  towel,  is  i)roviiig  to 
))('  a  very  successful  solution  of  a  problem 
which  has  caused  a  great  deal  of  woi-ry  to  the 
administi-atoi's  of  such  institutions. 

t'KNTHAl.     KIICHKN      AND     UIXIXG-KOOMS     FOK     COT- 
'rA(iE  CKXTRES. 

As    the    climatic    conditions    of    this    country 


make  it  extremely  difficult  to  carry  food  from  a 
central  kitchen  to  a  large  number  of  separate 
Imildings  and  have  it  served  hot  and  i)alatable, 
at  Whitby  it  has  been  deemed  advisable  to 
bring  the  ])atients  to  the  dining-i'ooms,  which 
are  grouped  round  the  central  kitchen.  Pro- 
vided that  patients  are  suitably  clothed  to  cross 
the  short  distance  from  the  cottage  to  their 


CONSTRUCTION 


329 


iliuing-room,  there  is  no  objection 
to  this  arrangement.  It  must  be 
remembered  that  patients  witli 
bodily  infirmities  whicli  would 
make  it  inadvisable  for  them  to 
be  exposed  in  our  extreme  wea- 
ther conditions  will  not  be  housed 
in  these  cottages,  but  will  be  ac- 
commodated in  one  of  the  special 
hospital  buildings  provided  for  such  oases. 

Each  cottage  has  its  corresponding  dining- 
room,  so  that  the  classification  of  patients  is 
maintained  during  meal  times.  To  facilitate 
supervision,  and  also  to  make  for  more  com- 
pact planning,  cross-lighting  and  cross-ventila- 
tion, the  dining-rooms  are  arranged  in  pairs, 
with  a  low  dividing  wall  between,  just  high 
enough  to  prevent  patients  from  seeing  into  the 
adjacent  dining-i'oom  while  they  are  seated  at 
the  tables,  but  which  does  not  prevent  a  nurse 
in  one  dining-room  from  exercising  a  certain 
amount  of  supervision  over  patients  in  the  next. 
An  opening  through  one  end  of  this  dwarf  wall 
allows  nurses  access  from  one  dining-room  to 
another. 

A  vast  amount  of  care  and  detailed  study  has 
been  given  to  the  kitchen  and  its  equipment. 
Competent  critics  with  a  wide  experience  in 
this  special  branch  of  hospital  and  hotel  work 
have  declared  that  it  is  superior  to  anything 
of  its  kind  on  the  American  continent.  At  first 
glance  this  part  of  the  building  is  only  remark- 
able for  its  orderly  simplicity;  but  it  is  just  this 
simplicity  and  bareness  which  distinguish  it 
from  work  done  elsewhere.  The  entire  absence 
of  all  piping,  hoods,  lighting  fixtures  and  other 

impedimenta  between  the  top  of  the  cooking 
equipment  and  the  ceiling,  marks  a  great  ad- 
vance in  this  branch  of  institution  work.    This 

kitchen  has  now  been  in  operation 

long  enough  to  demonstrate  that 

it  is  a  success.    Elven  without  the 

mechanical  ventilation  system  in 

operation,  it  is  possible  to  stand 

in  the  middle  of  the  room  and 

scarcely  be  able  to  realize  that  a 

meal  is  in  course  of  preparation. 

The  low  pressure  steam  (less  than 

five  ix)unds)   on  all  the  cooking 

equipment,  and  the  down-draught 

method  of  taking  vapors  from  the 

kettles  and  smoke  from  the  range 

have  almost  entirely  eliminated 

all    odors    and    visible    signs    of 

cooking,  even  when  the  equip- 
ment is  being  used  to  full  capa- 
city.    (Jauges     recoi'ding     steam 

pressures,  a  clock  and  an  auto- 
matic indicator  of  the  amount  of 

steam  used   in  the   kitchen,   are 

mounted  on  a  specially  designed 

sanitary    typo    of    gange    board,      ■■^■'^"»ai:t  bkam  u,.u, 


INFIRMARY    NO.   I.       WARDS  AND   SUN    ROOMS. 

which  is  placed  on  the  side  wall  so  as  to  be  un- 
der the  observation  of  the  chef  either  from  his 
office  or  the  kitchen.  This  arrangement  allows 
him  to  discard  rule  of  thumb  methods  in  his 
work  and  be  guided  by  the  temperature  of  the 
cooking  medium,  while  the  recording  counter 
checks  wastage  of  steam. 

The  apparatus  used  in  the  kitchen,  scullery 
and  serveries  embraces  many  new  sanitarj^  fea- 
tures not  hitherto  found  in  standard  goods  of 
this  kind.  It  was  all  manufactured  imder  the 
direction,  and  in  many  cases  to  the  special  de- 
signs of  the  department,  and  the  manufacturers 
are  to  be  congratulated  on  the  results  of  their 
co-operation  in  the  working  out  of  the  advanced 
ideas  which  distinguish  this  part  of  the  work. 

The  danger  that  a  helper  may  be  locked  into 
a  cold  storage  room  is  even  greater  at  such 
an  institution  than  in  a  general  hospital  or  com- 
mercial building.  This  has  been  overcome  by  a 
contrivance  invented  by  the  architect,  which 
provides  for  the  locking  securely  of  all  refriger- 
ator doors  from  the  outside,  while  permitting 
their  unfastening  from  the  inside  by  very  simple 
means. 

INFIRMARIES. 

The  most  notable  features  of  these  buildings 
are :  First,  the  arrangement  of  connecting  the 
main  wards  by  verandahs,  which  can  be  closed 


Ti;ST.       TVl'lTAl,    i;i„i,\lS    fill:    ALl,    I Jll'I'liKliXT    .STAX.- 
IN   THIS   MANNISR   TO  CHECK    CAIX:ri,ATIONS. 


ham:   iu.i;.\   ti 


iM) 


CONSTRUCTION 


SIDE   DAV   KOOM   IN    WOMEN'S  COTTAGK.S.   SINdl.K   HOOMS   FOR   PKIVILEOSD   PATIE>JTS   IN    nACKOROINI), 

with  storm  sashes  in  winter  time, 
thus  enablini?  nurses  to  supervise 
the  wards,  verandahs  and  sun 
rooms  withont  being  disturbed 
by  traffic  in  and  out  of  the  cen- 
tral administrative  portion  of  the 
building;  second,  a  sloping  ramp 
connecting  all  floors,  thus  doing 
away  with  the  need  for  an  eleva- 
tor, which  cannot  be  used  with 
this  class  of  patient,  and  also  pro- 
viding a  very  stvfe  type  of  fire 
exit  for  the  patients  who  will  be 
(piite  ])owerless  to  use  an  ordin- 
ary stairway;  third,  the  large 
projjortion  of  ])atients  accommo- 
dated in  sun  rooms  is  unique  in 
this  ty])e  of  building. 

SEWAGE    PURIFICATION    SYSTEM. 

The  system  installed  embraces 


tlie  most  reliable  features  of  inoil- 
ern  sanitary  practice,  and  the  de- 
tails have  been  appi'oved  by  the 
i'rovincial  Hoard  of  Health.  As 
there  are  two  drainage  levels  on 
the  site,  it  is  necessary  to  collect 
>e\vage  from  the  Idwer  level  in  a 
sedimentation  chamber,  and  pump 
it  to  the  main  disposal  ])lant  for 
treatment  in  contact  beds.  The 
sys'tem  i)rovides  for  the  conveni- 
ent removal  of  sludge,  and  li;ic- 
terial  treatment  liy  cnpid  lillrji 
tion  through  a  bed  of  cruslied 
stone  to  break  up  and  render  in- 
offensix-e  the  organic  matter  in 
the  li(piid,  and  final  chemical 
treatment  to  destroy  any  remain- 
ing <lisease-producing  bacteria. 
Provision    has    also    been    made 


CENTRE   DAY    l!Of:M   IN    WOMEN'S  COTTAGES. 


ANOTHER  SIDE  DAY   ROOM    IN   WOMEN'S  COTTAGES. 


whereby  sewage  can  be  stored  and 
pumped  on  to  the  land  of  the  farm 
for  fertilization  and  irrigation 
purposes  in  dry  seasons,  if  re- 
(luired. 

NOTES    ON    CONSTRUCTION. 

To  permit  of  the  most  extensive 
use  of  the  great  variety  of  build- 
ing materials  produced  at  the 
Ontario  Reformatory  in  Guelph 
and  the  Government  clay  plant  at 
Mimico,  and  the  employment  of 
prison  labor  as  far  as  practicable, 
the  work  was  undertaken  and 
carried  out  by  the  construction 
organization  created  by  the  de- 
partment of  the  Provincial  Sec- 
rotary.  The  many  admirable 
methods  of  construction  adopted 
have  aroused  the  interest  and  won 


CONSTRUCTION 


331 


the  appvova]  of  those  who  have  visited  the  in- 
stitution and  have  heen  in  a  position  to  comjiare 
it  witii  other  work  of  similar  character. 

No  attempt  need  be  made  to  describe  the  de- 
tails of  construction  of  the  various  buildings, 
but  the  following  special  points  are  worthy  of 
consideration. 

Fireproof  floors  are  being  made  of  hollow  re- 
inforced concrete  beams,  manufactured  in  a 
special  factory  on  the  site.  The  adoption  of 
this  type  of  floor  has  resulted  in  a  reduction 
of  approximately  fifty  per  cent,  in  cost  as  com- 
pared with  other  types  of  floor  which  have  been 
tried  out  by  the  department,  not  only  on  this 
job,  but  also  at  other  institutions.  This  is 
largely  due:  first,  to  the  elimination  of  all  tem- 
porary wood  formwork ;  second,  to  the  effective 
use  of  concrete  where  it  performs  its  greatest 
service,  viz.,  in  the  top  flange  of  the  beams,  and 
its  omission  in  the  centre  of  the  beam,  where  it 
only  adds  weight  to  the  floor;  and  third,  to  the 
use  of  factory  methods  in  the  manufacture  of 
the  beams,  with  more  effective  inspection  than 
can  be  obtained  where  the  work  is  spread  over 
a  large  area  of  buildings.  These  beams  are  also 
used  in  many  other  waj's,  such,  for  instance,  as 
roof  construction,  and  also  as  stair  steps. 

A  large  deposit  of  gravel  and  sand  on  the 
lake  front  of  the  property  has  been  of  great 
value  in  providing  material  for  the  construction 
of  buildings,  roads,  sidewalks,  etc. 

With  the  exception  of  the  basement  walls  of 
cottages  one  to  eight,  which  are  of  mass  con- 
crete, all  walls,  exterior  and  interior,  have  been 
built  with  hollow  clay  tile  blocks  and  bricks  sup- 
plied from  the  Government  clay  plant  at  Mimi- 
co,  or  concrete  hollow  tile  blocks  supplied  from 
the  Ontario  Reformatory,  Guelph. 

The  extraordinary  success  which  has  attend- 
ed the  operation  of  the  Government  plant  at 
Mimico  is  responsible  for  the  use  at  Whitby  of 
clay  products  for  puri)oses  which  are  almost 
unique  on  this  continent.  Many  unusual  shapes 
have  been  made  to  meet  special  requirements. 
An  example  of  this  is  the  stair  step-nosing, 
which  allows  the  use  of  quarry  tile  for  finishing 
the  top  of  the  concrete  beam  steps  of  the  stairs. 
Other  products  used  from  this  plant  are  Spanish 
and  shingle  tiles  for  roofs,  cove  bases,  which 
have  been  used  throughout  all  buildings  at  the 
junction  of  floors  and  walls,  (juarry  floor  tiles 
of  several  shapes  and  sizes,  which  have  not  only 
be(ni  extensively  used  for  interior  floors,  but 
also  for  verandahs  and  balconies.  Special 
rounded  edge  tiles  are  being  used  to  form  sani- 
tary window  stools  in  the  interiors  of  men's 
cottages  and  hospital  buildings.  Hollow  win- 
dow sill  blocks  are  being  used  with  good  results, 
and  as  may  be  seen  from  the  illustrations,' 
taf)estry  bricks  of  remarkable  (piality  have  add- 
ed color  to  the  architectural  composition  of  the 
buildings.      It    is   unfortunate  that  the  photo- 


A  PATIENT  S  SINGLE  ROOM   IN   WOMEN'S  COTTAGES. 


A  TYPICAL  COTTAGE  CORRIDOR. 


CONSTRUCTION 


CKNTKE    DORMITORY    IN    WOMEN  S   COTTACKS.       NOTE   OFENINOS   TO  COKRIUOU    ON    RIGHT    HAN: 
SIDE    WITHOUT   SOliEENS   OR    DOORS,    ALSO    RACK    FOR    PATIENTS'   CLOTHING   AT    NIGHT, 


A  SMALL    WARD   IN    WOMEN'S  COTTAGES. 


A    l,.\l;<:K    WAKII   IN    WOMKX'S  <-<iTTAr;KS. 


,i;ra|)lis  f^ive  no  conception  of  the 
irrcat  variety  of  colors  of  these 
Itricks,  roof  tiles  and  Hoor  tiles, 
wliicii  arc  hcinf"'  prodnced  by  this 
small  plant  at  Miniico,  but  some 
little  idea  of  the  f^reat  diversity 
of  the  output  may  be  obtained 
from  the  illustration  of  an  ex- 
hibit of  its  wares. 

The  varied  products  of  the  On- 
tario Kefoniuitory  at  Ouelph 
iiave  also  contributed  much  to 
the  success  of  the  Whitby  under- 
takinji;.  Special  hosi)itai  sanitary 
slab  doors,  in  both  oak  and  white- 
wood,  wood  trim  of  all  kinds,  win- 
dows, franu's  and  furniture,  are 
the  output  of  the  woodworking? 
Factory  at  that  institution.  Tn 
addition,  hydrated  lime  and  aica 
lime  were  supplied  frona  the  Re- 
formatory, and  at  the  machine 
shop  there  were  manufactured 
the  many  different  types  of  racks 
and  slielvinji^  which  have  been 
used  throughout  at  Whitby,  to  the 
entire  exclusion  of  insanitary 
stationary  wood  shelving.  As  the 
illustrations  indicate,  these  racks 
are  made  with  welded  joints 
where  it  is  absolutely  essential 
to  do  away  with  dirt-collecting 
corners,  and  in  other  cases  with 
standard  ])ipe  fittings  and  spe- 
cially cast  clami)s.  All  this  equip- 
ment is  assembled  in  unit  sec- 
tions, mounted  on  casters,  so  that 
it  is  (|uite  clear  of  the  walls,  and 
can  be  moved  about  for  cleaning 
purposes. 

Instead  of  following  the  usual 
custom  of  folding  ])atients'  cloth- 
ing and  storing  it  on  open  shelv- 
ing, it  will  be  hung  on  coat  hang- 
ers suspended  from  rails  in  closed 
metal  cabinets.  These  hangers 
can  be  slid  along  the  rails,  which 
ill  turn  can  be  ])ulled  out  of  the 
cabinets.  By  this  arrangement 
the  handling  of  clothing  is  not 
only  simplified,  but  its  appear- 
ance and  wear  are  also  improved. 
These  cabinets  are  also  of  sec- 
tional construction  on  casters. 

Nearly  all  the  exterior  stucco 
and  interior  plaster  work  has 
been  applied  with  a  cement 
gun,  and  the  use  of  alca  lime 
stucco,  with  its  extremely  high 
l)i-oportion  of  sand  (amounting  to 
five  parts  of  the  latter  to  one  part 
of  alca  lime— eighty-five  per  cent. 


CONSTRUCTION 


333 


hydrated  lime  and  fifteen  per 
cent,  alca— and  one-quarter  part 
of  cement),  has  given  results 
which  are  very  gratifying,  both 
in  regard  to  quality  of  product 
and  low  costs. 

The  walls  of  the  power  house 
differ  from  those  on  all  other 
buildings,  in  that  they  are  of 
ferro-dovetail  sheets  carried  on 
the  structural  steel  members, 
and  having  outside  and  inside 
plaster  applied  with  the  gun, 
which  consists  of  three  and  one- 
half  parts  sand  to  one  of  cement, 
and  one-tenth  part  of  hydrated 
lime.  It  was  not  considered  de- 
sirable to  risk  the  danger  of  cor- 
rosion of  the  metal  by  using  a 
stucco  with  high  lime  content  on 
this  building. 

The  sloping  roofs  of  cottages 
and  on  the  centre  part  of  infirm- 
aries are  of  slow-burning  wood 
construction,  from  which  patients 
are  separated  by  fireproof  ceilings 
having  fire  doors  in  openings. 

It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the 
costs  of  some  of  the  later  roofs 
were  reduced  below  those  built 
earlier,  by  making  special  detail- 
ed studies  of  the  roof  members 
with  a  view  to  reducing  the  time 
required  by  carpenters  for  erec- 
tion and  having  much  done  by 
machinery  at  the  woodworking- 
shop  on  the  site,  which  would  cus- 
tomarily be  done  by  workmen  at 
the  buildings.  To  do  this  it  was 
found  necessary  to  increase  the 
amount  of  timber  used,  but  the 
decrease  in  labor  costs  was  much 
greater  than  the  increase  in  cost 
of  materials. 

In  this  connection  it  can  be  fur- 
ther stated  that  the  verj'  efficient 
system  in  operation  for  obtain- 
ing unit  costs  of  all  the  work  has 
been  found  to  be  of  inestimable 
value  in  the  preparation  of  the 
drawings,  as  the  work  has  pro- 
gressed from  stage  to  stage.  To 
an  equal  extent  costs  have  been 
materially  reduced,  and  more 
satisfactory  results  obtained  on 
the  job  by  devoting  time  in  the 
architect's  office  beforehand  to 
the  study  of  field  problems  and 
the  preparation  of  the  necessary 
exhaustive  details  required  to 
meet  them. 

The  illustrations  of  the  special 


DIET  KITCHEN   IN   WOMEN'S  COTTAUE.S. 


PATIENTS'    LAVATORY    IN     WOMEN'S    COTTAGES.       NOTE    PLUMBING    CHAMBER    FOR    ALL    PIPING 
BETWEEN    BASINS   AND   CLOSETS. 


I'ATIENTS     BATH    AND  TREATMENT    ROOM    IN    WOMEN  S  COTTAGES. 


334 


CONSTRUCTION 


INTERIOR  OF  KITCHEN.      NOTE  ABSENCE  OF  OVERHEAD   HOODS,  PIPES,  FIXTURES,  BTC. 


INTERIOR    KITCHEN,    SHOWING   ALCOVE    FOR    DISH    WASHING    MACHINE. 


A    .SKK\KKV     BETWKK.N     KITCHEN    A.N'L)    I'ATIKNTs'    DINING    ROOMS. 


(lilbroth  seafFoIds  .should  bo 
siiiilic'd,  as  lliis  scafl'old  afTords 
a  most  convenient  method  of  deal- 
\u'j;  with  tiic  probh'ni  of  handlinji; 
mat«'i'ials  in  wall  construction. 
It  not  only  enables  the  bricklayer 
lo  pcrfonn  his  work  with  j^rcat- 
cr  ('llicioncy  and  comfort,  but  it 
avoids  all  delays  in  the  raising 
of  scafToldinji^,  as  the  workmen 
are  carried  up  with  the  scaff'old 
while  the  jacks  are  operated, 
without  necossitatim?  any  stop- 
page of  the  work. 

The  method  of  taking  care  of 
all  plumbing  piping  in  chambers. 
to  which  access  can  be  had  at  all 
times,  may  be  seen  on  the  various 
plans  and  in  the  view  of  the  pati- 
ents' toilet  room  in  one  of  the  cot- 
tages. This  does  away  with  the 
use  of  all  exposed  piping  in  the 
toilet  rooms,  which  might  be  tam- 
l)ered  with  by  the  i>atients,  and 
allows  the  use  of  ordinary  iron  or 
rough  brass  piping  in  a  position 
readily  accessible,  instead  of 
nickel-plated  or  other  more  ex- 
]ionsive  material. 

In  place  of  the  usual  hot  and 
cold  water  taps  and  w.c.  tanks, 
small  i)ush  buttons  on  the  walls 
above  the  fixtures  oi)erate  valves 
located  in  the  plumbing  cham- 
bers. To  accomjilish  the  desired 
results  some  of  the  fixtures  were 
specially  designed  and  manufac- 
tured for  this  work. 

Heat,  Light  and  Power 

The  heating,  lighting,  ventila- 
tion and  other  mechanical  ser- 
vices for  a  group  of  buildings  of 
this  size  and  nature  present  an 
important  and  by  no  means  sim- 
ple power  plant  i)roblem,  espe- 
cially when  the  buildings  are  of  a 
cottage  type  and  extend  over  a 
considerable  area  of  ground. 

There  are  now  installed  in  the 
boiler  room  of  the  power  house 
four  boilers  of  three  hundred  and 
twenty  horse-power  each,  these 
being  arranged  in  two  batteries 
with  provision  for  additional  bat- 
teries as  the  hospital  section  is 
developed.  Further  provision 
has  been  made  for  forced  draft 
e(iuipment,  economizers,  and  the 
installation  of  super-heaters 
within  the  boilers.  The  boilers 
are  of  the  B.  &  W.  type,  made  in 


CONSTRUCTION 


335 


Ontario,  witli  settings  built  of  a 
liigli  quality  fire  brick,  having 
outside  walls  of  nine  inches  thick- 
ness. Over  these  two  inches 
thick  eighty-five  per  cent,  mag- 
nesia blocks  are  secured,  the 
whole  being  enclosed  by  steel  cas- 
ings as  illustrated.  The  working 
pressure  under  which  these  boil- 
ers are  ojjerated  is  one  liundred 
and  fifty  i)ouuds.  As  the  high 
pressure  steam  headers  and  feed 
water  lines,  main  and  auxiliary, 
are  interconnected  and  liberally 
valved,  continuity  of  operation  is 
insured  as  far  as  possible;  fur- 
ther, extra  heavy  fittings  are  used 
throughout.  A  Murphy  auto- 
matic stoker  is  installed  under 
each  boiler,  each  stoker  contain- 
ing sixty-three  square  feet  of 
grate  surface. 

A  fifteen  hundred  horse-power 
open  feed  water  heater,  with  a  V 
notch  meter  and  recorder,  is  ar- 
ranged to  permit  of  feed  water 
measurement.  Double  acting 
single  cylinder  boiler  feed  pumps 
are  provided  in  duplicate.  An 
overhead  hand-operated  ten-ton 
double  girder  crane  was  erected 
in  the  apparatus  room  to  facili- 
tate any  necessary  repair  work. 
The  steam  and  exhaust  piping 
system  has  been  designed  and  in- 
stalled so  that  in  the  future,  if 
desired,  steam  may  be  supplied 
to  engines  and  current  generated, 
space  being  i)rovided  in  the  build- 
ing for  the  number  of  engine  gen- 
erator sets  recfuired  for  the  com- 
pleted institution. 

The  i)roper  selection  and  in- 
stallation of  indicating  and  le- 
cording  instruments  for  the  pow- 
er plant  is  a  subject  which  is  sel- 
dom given  much  consideration  as 
compared  to  the  operating  equij)- 
rnent.  In  this  case  care  has  been 
taken  to  provide  for  all  tlie  re- 
cords necessary  for  complete  and 
satisfactory  determination  of  op- 
erating costs.  Recording  in 
struments  having  standard  depth 
cases,  uniform  in  size,  design, 
material  and  finish  are  mounted 
upon  a  dull  l)lack  marine  slate 
board  in  the  chief  engineer's  of- 
fice. A  Venturi  recorder  is  also 
installed  in  this  office,  being  con- 
nected to  a  Venturi  meter  in  the 
flow    of   the    hot    water    heating 


FOOD  RACK  IN 
KITCHEN  STORE. 
NOTE  SANITARY 
WELDED  JUNC- 

TIONS OF  PIPE, 
BPPER  SHELVING 
NOT  SHOW.V  IS 
OF  THE  W  I  R  n 
TYPE  AS  SHOWN 
IX  ANOTHER  IL- 
LUSTRATION. ON- 
TARIO REFORMA- 
TORY INDUSTRIES. 


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^^HHH^H! 

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if  ill 

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■ 

A  DINING  ROOM   FOR  PATIENTS  FROM    ONE  COTTAGE. 


ANOTHER  VIEW   OF  TWO  DINING  ROOMS,   SHOWING   OPEN    DIVISION. 


3^6 


CONSTRUCTION 


MEAT    UA'I-;.    TOWKl.    KAll.    STANI',    LAIMMiV     llAci    IIIII.HEH    AND   lH)l!MITOI:y 
(■I.IITMKS    PlAi'K,    ONTAUKI    l!KK(ll!MATOIiY    INDUSTRIES. 

main.  These  iiistrimients,  toj^etlier  with  those 
of  the  iiidieatiiij;-  type  located  at  desirable 
points  throiif^liout  the  plant,  furnish  in  connec- 
tion with  a  simple  form  of  log  sheets  an  ac- 
curate basis  for  computing  actual  unit  costs; 
the  perfornmnce  of  tiie  i)lant  can  thus  be  check- 
ed and  leaks  and  wastes  in  its  operation  readily 
detected. 

Coal   is   delivered  fnmi  railroad  cars   on  a 


^er 


^W. 


3    O    1     1     L 


Rr 


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siding  into  a  track  hopper.  This  has  an  outlet 
over  a  scraj)er  conveyor  which  discharges  into 
the  V  bucket  conveyor  in  the  boiler  room,  the 
latter  being  used  for  the  removal  of  ashes  and 
delivery  of  coal  into  the  overhead  storage  bunk- 
ers. An  overhead  travelling  weigh  hopper  is 
used  for  the  weighing  of  coal.  Coal  used  is 
soft  slack. 

The  chimney  stack  of  reinforced  concrete  is 
one  hundred  feet  high,  and  has  an  inside 
diameter  of  eight  feet. 

The  heating  system  is  of  the  hot  water  forced 
circulation  type  in  which  the  water  is  heated  in 
steam  heaters  and  circulated  through  the  build- 
ings by  pmnps.  Two  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
five  h.p.  steam  turbines  running  at  one  thousand 
five  hundred  r.p.m.  are  direct  connected  to 
twelve  inch  centrifugal  ])umi)s  each  having  a 
capacity  of  two  thousand  seven  hundred  and 
fifty  g.p.m.  Provision  has  been  made  for  a  third 
unit.  One  high  and  one  low  steam  pressure 
heater  have  been  installed  for  heating  the  cir- 
culating water,  with  provision  for  a  second  set. 
Due  to  the  arrangement  of  piping,  the  heaters 
may  be  operated  in  parallel  or  series  as  desired, 
the  temperature  of  the  water  being  controlled 
by  varying  the  effective  heating  surface.  This 
is  accomplished  by  adjusting  the  main  return 
valve  at  these  heaters,  thereby  allowing  the  con- 


IKTtUOL     View    or    WAID 


Ct055    .5CCTIOK    THtDVGH     WAUD 


NKW     TYI'K    OF     INllIliEfT    FIXTIRE     FOR     HOSPITAL     WARD    LIGHTING    13     BEING    USED    AS    INDICATED    IN    ABOVE    DIAGRAMS,    HOSPITAL    FOR    INSANE, 

WHITBY,  ONT.       JAMES   GOVAN,    ARCHITECT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


337 


densate  to  back  up  and  decrease  the  available 
steam  space,  thus  when  only  a  slight  rise  of 
water  temperature  is  desired,  the  heaters  are 
nearly  flooded.  The  condensate  from  the  hot 
water  heaters  is  discharged  through  traps  and 
flows  to  an  automatic  pump  and  receiver  from 
which  it  is  discharged  to  the  feed  water  heater. 
A  large  expansion  tank  equipped  with  an  auto- 
matic cold  water  make-up  is  connected  to  an  air 
compressor  by  means  of  which  a  constant  pres- 
sure is  maintained  upon  the  system. 

HOT  WATER  HEATING  AND  STEAM  DISTRIBUTION 
PIPING  IN   CONDUIT. 

Flow  and  return  mains  for  the  hot  water  heat- 
ing system,  live  steam  and  return  mains,  are  in- 
stalled underground  and  insulated  with  Ric-Wil 
sectional  tile  conduit,  the  chief  insulating  ma- 
terial being  moulded  integral  with  the  tile.  The 
latter  is  supported  upon  a  hollow  tile  base  drain 
which  rests  upon  a  concrete  base.  This  base 
drain  tile  was  specially  manufactured  at  the 
■  Government  Clay  Plant.  The  conduit  system  is 
designed  throughout  so  that  repairs  can  be  made 
with  a  minimum  of  disturbance  should  they  be- 
come necessary,  the  larger  mains  being  in  sepa- 
rate conduits.  Provision  for  expansion  has  been 
made  in  the  runs  at  approximately  every  one 
hundred  and  twenty  feet,  the  expansion  joints 
and  anchor  fittings  of  special  design  being  bolted 
securely  to  concrete  bases  which  are  integral 
with  the  concrete  bases  under  the  main  runs, 
thus  insuring  positive  alignment.  These  joints 
are  of  the  sliding  sleeve  type  packed  to  suit  the 
medium  being  carried.  Large  concrete  pits  with 
manholes  have  been  located  wherever  expansion 
joints  and  anchor  fittings  occur  so  as  to  permit 
of  ready  access  to  the  same. 

Direct  radiators  of  the  Hospital  type  set  three 
inches  out  from  the  walls  are  installed  through- 
out the  buildings.  Each  radiator  has  one  valve 
located  at  the  supply  end,  this  being  of  the  lock 
shield  packless  type.  The  majority  of  the  radi- 
ators are  connected  on  the  shunt  system,  in  a 
few  buildings,  however,  the  radiators  are  con- 
nected from  separate  flow  and  return  mains. 
The  general  design  of  the  system  has  been  such 
as  to  simplify  adjustment  and  operation,  pipe 
sizes  being  arranged  accordingly  with  such 
variations  as  tend  to  provide  an  equal  resistance 
to  all  radiators.  The  major  portion  of  the  pip- 
ing is  accessible  in  spaces  to  which  the  patients 
have  no  access,  being  run  in  plumbing  and 
piping  shafts,  basements  and  attics.  The  con- 
trol valves  are  located  at  convenient  points  in 
the  pipe  shafts. 

The  heating  of  the  Greenhouses  will  be  done 
by  means  of  a  gravity  hot  water  system,  the 
main  items  of  equipment  being  hot  water  heat- 
ers to  which  exhaust  and  live  steam  will  be 


STANn  AND   HACK  FOR   PATIENTS'   OITDOOR   CLOTHING   AND   BOOTS   IN    COAT 
ROOMS.      ONTARIO   REFORMATORY    INmSTHlKS. 

piped,  live  steam  being  supplied  from  the  Power 
House  and  reduced  in  pressure.  Use  will  be 
made  of  exhaust  steam  when  available. 

As  the  heat  losses  for  the  somewhat  novel 
type  of  building  construction  adopted  at  Whitby 
were  not  known,  a  number  of  tests  were  eon- 
ducted  at  the  University  of  Toronto  in  order  to 
determine  the  actual  coefficients  for  such  losses. 

A  full  report  giving  all  the  data  obtained 
would  take  up  too  much  space  in  this  article.  It 
will  therefore  be  published  separately,  covering 
fully  the  work  done.  The  following  is  a  sum- 
mary of  the  results  in  so  far  as  they  aflfected 


TYPICAL    SANITARY     MOVABLE    RACK    FOR    LINEN    AND    CLOTHING.       EACH 

DIVISION    OF    CEDAR    SLATTED    SHELVING    IS    A    SEPARATE    UNIT,    AND    THE 

WHOLE    RACK    STANDS    CLEAR    AND    INDEPENDENT    OF     WALLS.        ONTARIO 

REFORMATORY    INDUSTRIES. 


338 


CONSTRUCTION 


I'ATIE.NTS'    CLOTHING    CABINETS. 

the  constiiU'tioM  adopttnl  at  Wliithy: 

1.  A  brick  wall  is  a  better  insulator  than  a 
hollow  wall  of  similar  thickness. 

2.  A  liollow  clay  tile  wall  is  better  than  a  iiol- 
low  concrete  block  wall. 

.").  A  hollow  wall  built  with  the  webs  of  the 
blocks  runninii;  horizontally  is  better  than  one 
built  with  the  same  blocks  having-  the  webs  ver- 
tical. 

4.    The  heat  losses  tlirou'.;]i  hollow  walls  are 


reduced  very  considerably  when 
the  spaces  in  the  walls  are  tilled 
with  a  material  which,  when 
placed  in  the  wall,  forms  a  num- 
ber of  very  small  air  spaces  sepa- 
rated from  each  other.  For  in- 
stance, it  was  found  that  ordinary 
pit  f^ravel  had  practically  the 
same  value  as  an  insulating  ma- 
terial as  mill  shavings. 

5.  Tarred  or  asphalted  felt, 
tarred  or  asphalted  papers  and 
heavy  wateipi'oof  |)apers  are  all 
of  great  value  in  reducing  heat 
losses  through  walls. 

().    E<|ually  good  results  were 
obtained  by  coating  tlie  walls  with 
a  good  coat  of  a  dami)-})rooting 
material   which   comi)letely  filled 
the  pores  and  prevented  air  leak- 
age through  the  wall. 
7.  Ordinary  i)laster,  even  three  coat  work,  has 
little  i)ra('tical  value  as  insulating  nuiterial  on 
a  wall. 

As  the  Ontario  (xovernment  is  able  to  produce 
hollow  tile  blocks  very  economically  at  its  own 
clay  i)lant,  and  as  their  use  has  many  advantages 
whicii  offset  their  disadvantages  as  a  heat  in- 
sulator, hollow  walls  have  been  used  in  the 
greater  part  of  the  construction  at  Whitby. 
Steps  have  been  taken,  however,  to  reduee  the 


V:.. 


HOT   AIR    CABINKT,    Kl.KiTKIC    LIGHT    CABINKT    AND    BLANKET    WARMEK     (NEW    CANADIAN    PRODUCTS),     HOSPITAL    FOR    INSANE,     WHITBY,    ONT. 

JAMES    GOVAN.    ARCHITECT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


339 


ryriCAL  staircase. 


heat  losses  to  a  point  lower  than 
is  ob'ainecl  in  f^aneral  buildin'>' 
practice.  Paper,  damp-proofing 
materials,  cork,  mill  shavings, 
etc.,  have  all  been  used,  either 
separately  or  in  combinations,  to 
get  the  results  desired  in  ditferent 
parts  of  the  buildings. 

It  is  interesting  to  note  that  in- 
cidental to  these  tests,  the  usual 
constants  for  lieat  losses  of  stand- 
ard brick  and  concrete  construc- 
tion were  verified  as  practically 
correct. 

The  mechanical  ventilation  in 
the  cottages  is  furnished  b}'^ 
separate  sunply  and  exhaust  svs- 
tems.  All  fans  are  located  in  the 
basement  so  as  to  avoid  noise, 
conserve  space,  and  permit  of 
easy  attendance.  Further,  in  each 
cottage  all  mechanical  equipment 
has  been  confined  to  one  room  in 
the  basement.  This  precaution, 
of  course,  tends  to  avoid  any  dan- 
ger resulting  from  interference 
by  the  patients.  The  mechanical  ventilation  as 
provided  will  be  used  to  supplement  the  direct 
heating  system  during  spells  of  very  cold 
weather.  At  such  seasons  it  has  been  found  in 
other  Ontario  public  institutions  that  natural 
ventilation  cannot  be  depended  upon  to  provide 
a  sufficient  amount  of  fresh  air.  By  making  the 
comfort  of  patients  and  nurses  dependent  to 
some  extent  on  the  operation  of  the  mechanical 
ventilation  system,  it  is  expected  that  the  tend- 
ency to  have  no  ventilation  at  all  during  severe 
weather,  which  is  found  in  many 
hospitals  of  this  kind,  will  be  ab- 
sent at  Whitby. 

The  supply  system  consists 
of  the  usual  fan,  vento  stacks  and 
ducts,  the  latter  being  arranged 
so  that  by  means  of  a  damper,  air 
can  be  supplied  to  the  ground 
floor  during  the  day  and  to  the 
upper  floor  at  night,  in  accord- 
ance with  the  requirements  in 
each  cottage  building.  The  living 
rooms  are  located  upon  the 
ground  floors,  while  the  upper 
floors  are  used  for  sleeping  rooms. 
By  a  similar  arrangement  air  can 
be  exhausted  as  desired.  This 
method  of  design  and  operation 
permits  of  an  economical  fan  in- 
stallation due  to  the  smaller  size 
of  fan  required.  Air  is  supplied 
in  all  buildings  to  the  corridors 
and  exhausted  from  the  individ- 
ual rooms,  transoms  being  located 
over  the  doors  to  each  of  the  lat- 


5H0\V1XIJ    USE    OK    .SI'ECIAL    STEP    NOSING,    STIilNCER   AND  OTHKl!   TILES 
MADE  AT  GOVERNMENT  CLAY   PLANT. 

ter.  The  exhaust  ducts  are  carried  up  to  the 
attic  for  sanitary  reasons.  From  this  point  they 
are  collected  and  lead  to  one  main  duet,  which  is 
extended  down  to  the  exhaust  fan.  All  closets 
and  utility  rooms  are  arranged  for  the  exhaust 
of  air  by  gravity,  the  flow  of  which  is  increased 
when  the  mechanical  supply  system  is  put  in 
operation,  although  there  is  no  direct  connection 
between  the  system  of  ducts. 

The  vento  stacks  are  arranged  four  rows  in 


HOSPITAL   FURNITURE,    BLANKETS,    MATTRESSES,    TWEEDS    AND   OTHER    FABRICS,    BROOMS,    ETC., 
MANUFACTURED     AT     ONTARIO     REFORMATORY,      OUELPH.         BRICK,      HOLLOWWALL     AND     SILL 
BLOCKS,    ROOFING,    FLOOR    AND    DRAIN    TILES,    FLOWER    BOXES,    ETC.,    ETC.,     MADE    AT    GOVERN- 
MENT   CLAY    PLANT,    MIMICO. 


MO 


CONSTRUCTION 


HOT  WATER  AND  STEAM    MAINS  INSULATED   WITH   rONDlIITS. 


depth,  the  last  three  being  supi)lied  from  the 
hot  water  circulation  system,  while  the  outer 
stack  is  supplied  by  steam  to  avoid  freezing. 
The  i'resh  air  for  ventilation  is  automatically 
conti-ollcd  by  a  regitherm  connected  to  a  by- 
pass damper. 

Dining  room  ventilation  is  arranged  so  that 
air  is  sui)plie(l  to  the  dining  rooms  and  exhaust- 
etl  from  tiie  kitchen.  The  exhaust  system  is 
etjuipped  with  a  by-pass  damper  so  that  with 
the  mechanical  system  stoj)ped,  ventilation  will 
still  be  insured  through  the  gravity  discbarge  of 
air  to  the  outside  atmosiihere.  Direct  radiation 
is  figured  for  wall  and  window  losses  only.  The 
intentioji  is  to  introduce  warm  air  shortly  be- 
fore meal  times    and    rapidly    heat  the  dining 


of   the   usua 
These   vents 


BASE    liKAIN     TII.K    IIKADV    T< '    liEI'EIVE    STEAM    AND    HOT    WATER    MAINS    ON    TOP.        TILE    MADE    AT 

GOVERNMENT  CLAY    PLANT. 


rooms  to  the  desired  temi)erature. 
While  electric  ranges  have  not 
been  adopted  for  the  first  installa- 
tion in  the  main  kitchen,  it  is  pos- 
sible that  they  may  be  installed  at 
some  future  time.  For  this  rea- 
son provision  has  been  made  for 
an  indirect  su])ply  of  warm  air  to 
the  kitchen  in  order  to  prevent  the 
piping  from  freezing  during  the 
hours  when  all  of  the  equijunent 
will  not  be  in  use.  This  lias  ren- 
dered unnecessary  the  use  of  di- 
rect radiators  located  round  the 
kitchen.  In  such  rooms  they  are 
the  least  desired,  for  sanitary 
reasons. 

In  connection  with  the  kitch- 
en, individual  vents  have  been 
piovided  in  oi'der  to  remove  the 
steam  vapors  from  the  cooking 
apparatus,  thus  avoiding  the  use 
unsightly  and  insanitary  hood, 
are  extended  down  to  the  floor 
and  connected  underneath  to  a  main  vent  duct, 
one  end  of  which  exhausts  to  the  atmosi)here  by 
gravity.  The  large  amount  of  cooling  surface 
of  the  main  duct  condenses  most  of  the  vapors, 
the  condensation  being  drained  to  the  main 
grease  pit,  where  waste  grease  is  recovered. 

The  supply  of  domestic  hot  water  is  provided 
for  by  the  use  of  individual  steam  tube  heaters 
in  the  basement  of  each  building,  steam  being 
supplied  from  the  high  pressure  main  in  an  un- 
derground conduit  and  reduced  in  pressure  at 
the  buildings.  The  larger  buildings  near  the 
power  plant,  and  the  laundry,  will  be  supplied 
by  hot  water  pumped  direct  from  a  large  heater 
located  in  the  power  house.  This 
location  permits  the  use  in  the 
heater  of  a  portion  of  the  avail- 
able exhaust  steam  from  the  pow- 
er house  auxiliaries. 

High  and  low  pressure  steam  is 
also  used  for  the  heating  of  do- 
mestic water,  cooking,  drying  in  a 
number  of  the  buildings,  steriliz- 
ing in  the  medical  buildings  and 
a  portion  of  the  ventilation  in 
each  building. 

A  careful  investigation,  togeth- 
er with  extensive  experimental 
work  in  other  institutions  un- 
der the  direction  of  the  Provin- 
cial Secretary's  Department  has 
established  the  fact  that  low 
pressure  steam  of  not  more 
than  five  pounds  pressure  is  both 
efficient  and  desirable  for  the 
cooking  of  food.  Low  pressure 
steam  has  proved  to  be  sufficient- 
ly high  in  temperature  to  accom- 


CONSTRUCTION 


341 


plish  the  desired  results  quickly 
and  satisfactorily.  For  many 
other  reasons  it  has  also  been 
demonstrated  at  Whitby  to  be 
more  satisfactory  than  steam  at 
higher  pressure.  In  an  institu- 
tion such  as  this,  where  it  is  de- 
sired to  measure  the  condensed 
steam  as  a  basis  of  accounting 
charge  for  the  steam  used  by  the 
different  departments  for  cook- 
ing, the  tilting  type  of  steam  trap 
may  be  made  to  serve  an  addi- 
tional purpose.  Each  operation 
of  this  trap  represents  a  certain 
number  of  pounds  of  condensate, 
so  that  by  attaching  a  suitable 
counter  giving  the  number  of 
times  the  trap  has  operated,  a 
record  of  the  steam  consumption 
is  secured  from  which  accurate 
costs  may  be  figured.  By  connecting  the  drips 
from  all  kitchen  apparatus  to  a  main  tilting  trap 
equipped  with  a  counter,  all  condensation  is 
measured,  this  being  the  method  followed  in  this 
instance. 

The  condensation  return  system  consists  of 
retui-n  traps  in  the  cottages,  infirmaries  and  din- 
ing-room buildings,  together  with  the  neces- 
sary receivers,  pumps,  and  pipe  lines.  The  traps 
in  each  of  the  two  cottage  centres  are  grouped, 
and  the  condensation  from  each  group  is  col- 
lected into  a  return  tank,  one  tank  being  placed 
in  each  dining-room  building.  The  water  of 
condensation  runs  from  each  tank  by  gravity 
to  the  suction  of  a  motor-driven  centrifugal 
pump,  the  starting  and  stopping  of  the  pump 
being  controlled  by  a  switch  operated  by  a  float 
in  the  tank.  The  float  rigging  can  be  adjusted 
to  permit  the  pump  to  return  small  or  large 
quantities  of  water  as  desired,  and  the  rate  of 
discharge  of  the  pump  can  be  controlled  by  a 
valve.  The  two  pumps  discharge  into  one  main 
return  pipe,  which  empties  into 
the  feed  water  heater  in  the  power  ' 
house. 

This  scheme  was  adopted  in  or- 
der as  far  as  possible  that  all 
ti-aps  of  the  same  group  woul  1 
have  to  work  against  the  same 
back  pressure.  For  this  purpose 
the  traps  were  grouped  in  their 
natural  order  as  determined  by 
the  structural  conditions,  and 
pumj)s  were  jirovided  to  dis- 
charge positively  through  the 
long  return  lines.  The  pumi)s,  be- 
ing motor-driven,  are  entirely  in- 
dependent of  variations  in  steam 
pressure  for  reliability  in  opera- 
tion. The  traps,  being  vented,  are 
under  atmospheric  pressure  only, 


POWKh    HOLSE    1   Xhhl! 


iij;\,    SHOWING    HALF   OF    OVERHEAD    Bl   NKEKS 
BOILER  ROOM. 


and  each  trap  of  a  group  has  the  same 
freedom  of  discharge,  all  traps  being  roughly 
the  same  distance  from  the  return  tank  of  their 
group. 

The  fire  protection  system,  surmlied  direct 
from  the  mains  of  the  town  of  Whitby,  with  a 
connection  also  to  the  fire  pumps  of  the  institu 
tion,  is  extensive  and  coni]ilete  in  detail.  The 
hydrant  system  is  of  good  design,  well  gated 
with  liberal-sized  mains,  and  covers  the  entire 
property  as  a  loop. 

All  buildings  are  ecpiipped  with  standpipes, 
with  fire  reels  and  hose  on  each  floor.  Portable 
hand  chemical  fire  extinguishers  are  well  dis- 
tributed at  advantageous  positions  throughout 
the  buildings.  The  fire  brigade  will  be  organ- 
ized from  the  staff  of  the  institution. 

The  question  of  refrigeration  and  cold  stor- 
age facilities  has  been  carefully  studied,  and 
the  cheap  and  plentiful  supply  of  good  ice  de- 
rived from  the  water  adjacent  to  the  property, 
together   with   inexpensive   facilities    for   har- 


POWER     HOL'WE     I.\     COUK.SE     OF     CO.NSTRUCTIO.V.         UPPER     WALLS    ARE     OK     STHUUTURAL     STUKL 
COVERED  WITH  FERRO-DOVETAIL  AND  STUCCOED  BY   USE  OF  CEMENT  GUN  OUTSIDE  AND  INSIDE. 


342 


CONSTRUCTION 


DETAIL  OK  TAl'KSTKV    HKIOKWOKK    I.N    KAMK  OK  COl.li  .STOKAtiE  K1.ANT  AN1>  POWEIi    HOISE.     NOTE 
I'SB  OK  ONE  AN1>  ONE-QVARTEK   ROrOH    HEBBLKl)   JOINTS  AND   DOUBLE  STHETCHER  AND    SINGLE 
HEADER  FORMINQ  DUTCH   BONd'     ,      , 

vesting',  indicatofl  that  a  roCKi^oratina:  system 
calliuif  for  tlio  use  of  iiatui'al  ice  should  l)e 
adopted.  The  orif?inal  decision  to  make  use  of 
natural  ice  has  already  been  amply  justified, 
.since  ice  has  been  harvested  and  stored  at  the 
cold  storage  i)lant  at  a  cost  which  makes  the 
operation  of  this  system  much  lower  than  that 
of  any  mechanical  plant. 

The  ice  is  stored  in  a  building  which  has  its 
floor,  walls  and  ceiling  thoroughly  insulated, 
thus  doing  away  with  the  use  of  any  loose  cov- 
ering material,  such  as  sawdust,  shavings,  etc., 
to  prevent  ice  melting. 

The  system  of  refrigeration  adopted  was 
the     brine    system,    and    this    is    already     in- 


stalled in  eight  cold  storage 
rooms  of  the  dining-room  build- 
ings. It  will  also  be  applied  in  the 
main  cold  storage  rooms  attached 
to  the  general  store  rooms. 

Crushed  ice  and  salt  are  used  in 
overhead  tanks  to  cool  the  brine 
passing  by  gravity  through  the 
coils  in   the  tanks  and  the  cold 
storage  rooms.     The  circulation 
of  brine    is    maintained    by  the 
difference     in     temperature    be- 
tween    the    cold    brine     in    the 
cooling      tank     coils      and      the 
slightly  warmer  brine  coming  from  tlie  coils  in 
the  cold  storage  rooms.     By  this  method  low 
temperatures  can  be  'maintained  simply  by  the 
use  of  ice  and  salt  mixed  in  the  recpiired  pro- 
portions, provided  that  the  eciuipment  has  the 
proper  amount  of  cooling  surface.     The  sim- 
[)licity  of  this  system  poimits  of  its  operation 
by  unskilled  labor.  Surjilus  moisture  in  the  cold 
storage  rooms  is  taken  up  by  calcium  chloride, 
as  used  in  the  i)rocess  in  the  troughs  over  the 
cooling  coils.     The  calcium  chloride  dissolving 
as  it  absorbs  the  moisture,  drips  over  the  coils 
and  removes  the  frost  from  the  surface  of  the 
pipes,  thereby  maintaining  the   system  at   its 
maximum    efficiency,    as    well    as    providing   a 


I'OWKI:    lilMSK    KKIl.M    1;AII.WAV    .SllllXCi.    HO.SPITAL    FOR   THE    INSANE,    WHITBY,    ONT. 


JAMES  GOVAN,  ARCHITECT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


.M.i 


pure    and    dry    atmosphere    witliin    the   room. 

The  general  scheme  of  electric  distribution  is 
as  follows: 

Three  phase  two  thousand  two  hundred  volt 
current  is  distributed  by  underground  cables 
installed  in  duplicate  from  the  main  switch- 
board in  the  generator  room  to  the  various 
transformer  stations  throughout  the  institu- 
tion. The  transformer  stations,  which  are 
located  at  the  dififereut  centres,  contain  the 
necessary  eciuipment  to  transform  tlie  current 
from  two  thousand  two  hundred  volts  to  two 
hirndred  and  twenty  volts,  together  with  a  low 
tension  distributing  board,  each  statioir  being 
laid  out  so  that  equipment  may  be  installed  in 
duplicate. 

The  cables  from  the  low  tension  side  of  the 
transformers  nrn  to  this  boiird,  and  are  con- 
nected to  bus  bar's  throu'>h  the  switching  a])- 
paratus.  This  board  has  mounted  on  it  the 
switches  controlling  the  low  tension  distribu- 
tion feeders  which  ai'e  run  underground  to  the 
different  buildings  comi)rising  the  centre.  The 
current  thus  supplied  is  three-phase  at  a  pres- 
sur'e  of  two  hundred  and  twenty  volts,  this  b3- 


GOODS  ENTRANCE  TO  POWER  HOUSE. 


BOILER  ROOM,  SHOWING  HALF  OF  THE  BOILER,  STOKER     AND  COAL  STORAGE  EQUIPMENT,    HySlTJAL  lul!  INSANE,  WHITBY,  ONT. 
MACMULLEN,  RILEY  AND  DURLEY,  CONSULTINO  BNOINEERS.  JAMES  CIOVAN,  ARCHITECT. 


344 


CONSTRUCTION 


POItTION    OK   l-()l,l>   «TOKA(lE   PLANT.    WITH    1-AHT  Of    I'OVVEK    HOl'SE   IN    BACKQHOUND. 

\ng  used  to  operate  the  electric  motors  for  fans, 
etc. 

One  phase  of  tlie  tliree-pliase  system  is  con- 
tinued to  the  main  lij^litinj?  switch,  thence  to  an 
auto-transformer  for  iijj:htiiig,  wliich  is  installed 
so  that  a  three-wire  system  may  be  used  for 
li^htinj?  in  the  different  buiklings.  This  allows 
the  use  of  standard  one  hundred  and  ten  volt 
lamps,  while  the  distribution  feeders  are  de- 
signed for  two  hundred  and  twenty  volts,  a 
much  more  economical  voltage  to  distribute 
than  one  hundred  and  ten  volts.  Lighting  in 
the  cottages  is  controlled  from  one  panel  box 
located  on  the  ground  floor,  in  which  are  located 
the  switches  controlling  the  Various  circuits.  In 
the  diet  kitchens,  electric  ovens  and  other  cook- 
ing ap^)liancos  have  been  installed,  and  are  fed 
directly  from  the  lighting  panel,  one  circuit  be- 
ing allotted  to  each  appliance. 

Direct  illumination  is  used  in  the  cottage  and 
dining-room  buildings,  the  fixtures  being  de- 
signed and  manufactured  with  the  special  ob- 
ject of  making  them  as  sanitary  as  possible. 
Some  of  these  fixtures  can  be  seen  in  the  il- 


;?TEAM    TriiBl.Ni;.-.    iM    .\ll'^   ami    h  f.AI  EliS    KOH    HKATINO    BY     HOT    WATEK    CIKCULATIOX, 


lustrations  of  the  various  wards, 
day  rooms,  etc.  Their  construc- 
tion and  i)osition  on  the  ceiling 
make  it  almost  im[)ossible  for  [)a- 
tients  to  tamper  with  them,  while 
the  ghissware  diffuses  the  light 
very  satisfactorily,  and  kills  the 
glare  without  reducing  the  effi- 
ciency of  the  unit  to  any  consider- 
able extent.  Night  light  circuits 
and  specially  arranged  fixtures 
have  been  provided,  so  that  the 
general  lighting  can  be  cut  off, 
while  the  nurses  are  enabled  to 
exercise  proper  suj)ervision  without  disturbing 
the  slumbers  of  the  patients. 

The  lighting  in  the  kitchens  is  worthy  of  spe- 
cial note,  the  rooms  being  forty-four  feet  long, 
twenty-five  feet  wide,  and  approximately  twen- 
ty-one feet  high.  The  objects  sought  in  work- 
ing out  this  lighting  were:  First,  to  eliminate 
all  drop  cords,  chains  or  rods  above  the  cooking 
kettles,  which  would  collect  grease;  second,  to 
provide  an  even  diffusion  of  light  without  shad- 
ows, all  over  the  floor  area;  third,  to  evolve  a 
fixture  which  would  be  absolutely  sanitary.  The 
results  obtained  have  fully  come  up  to  expecta- 
tions. There  are  eight  ceiling  outlets,  each  pro- 
vided with  a  one  hundred  and  fifty  watt  lamp, 
which,  together  with  an  X-ray  reflector,  are  in- 
serted into  the  space  above  the  ceiling.  The 
only  parts  of  the  fixture  which  extend  below 
are  the  shallow  frosted  bowl,  used  to  diffuse  the 
light,  and  the  metal  band  which  takes  the  bowl 
and  fastens  to  the  ceiling.  These  fixtures  are 
steam  and  air  tight,  and  the  cleaning  of  them  is 
a  very  simi)le  operation.  Their  position  in  the 
room  is  such  that  the  required  intensity  of  light 
is  at  a  plane  about  the  level  of  the 
serving  tables. 

Tn  the  hospital  buildings  a  new 
system  of  ward  lighting  by  in- 
direct means  has  been  worked 
out,  which  is  already  attracting 
the  attention  of  hospital  authori- 
ties elsewhere.  The  fixtures, 
which  are  of  compo-plaster  work, 
are  colored  the  same  as  the  walls 
on  which  they  are  located,  and  are 
])laced  at  such  a  height  that  none 
of  the  rays  from  the  lamp  can 
strike  the  eye  directly.  An  X-ray 
reflector  is  used  to  direct  the  rays 
up  to  the  ceiling,  which  in  turn 
acts  as  a  reflecting  surface,  the  re- 

J-— ^^^^^  suit  being  a  well  diffused,  soft, 
n^^^H  even  illumination,  wliich  will  be  of 
'  '^^^^  distinct  therapeutic  value  in  the 
treatment  of  patients  accommo- 
dated in  these  buildings.  The  top 
of  the  fixture  is  made  dustproof 
and    sanitary    by    a    protecting 


CONSTRUCTION 


345 


glass  plate.  This  arrangement  of  fixtures  gives 
an  illumination  quite  as  satisfactory  as  con- 
cealed cove  lighting,  and  at  the  same  time  elim- 
inates all  the  dust  collecting,  insanitary  fea- 
tures of  the  latter  system,  which  make  its  adop- 
tion for  hospital  wards  impossible. 

Two  separate  circuits  in  a  ward  each  feed 
half  of  the  fixtures,  and,  furthermore,  the  wir- 
ing is  so  arranged  that  some  of  the  lamps  can 
be  operated  on  half  voltage.  With  these  pro- 
visions different  intensities  of  illumination  can 
be  obtained  merely  by  the  operation  of  a  few 
switches,  and  the  half  voltage  arrangement  pro- 
vides a  very  satisfactory  dim  night  light.  In 
addition,  switches  control  individual  fixtures, 
so  that  in  case  of  emergency  a  nurse  can 
obtain  light  in  any  part  of  the  ward  without  be- 
ing encumbered  with  a  portable  lamp. 

Not  only  is  the  absence  of  all  overhead  wir- 
ing very  noticeable  at  the  institution,  but  this 
effect  is  enhanced  by  the  elimination  of  road 
lighting  standards.  This  has  been  accomplish- 
ed by  lighting  all  roads  and  grounds  with  spe- 
cially designed  fixtures  placed  on  the  walls  of 
the  buildings,  these  fixtures  being  of  a  very 
simple  type  of  sheet  copper  lantern,  having  a 
highly  efficient  reflector  behind  the  lamp,  which 
is  type  C,  nitrogen  gas  filled,  one  hundred  watt. 
The  necessary  air  circulation  is  obtained 
through  a  gauze  screen  in  the  bottom  of  the 
lamp  and  openings  in  the  soffit  of  the  overhang- 
ing cover  on  top,  the  direct  glare  being  soften- 
ed a  little  by  the  use  of  slightly  obscured  glass. 

The  telephone  system  is  of  the  common  bat- 
tery manually  operated  type,  and  will  have  no 
connection  with  the  Bell  telephone  system,  the 
latter  being  only  installed  for  communication 
outside  of  the  institution.  A  private  exchange 
will  be  located  in  the  administration  building. 
Wires  are  run  imderground  in  lead-covered 
cables,  suitable  potheads  are  located  in  all 
buildings  where  cables  enter,  and  terminal 
strips  are  installed  so  that  any  necessary 
changes  can  be  made  to  the  system  very  readily, 
or  any  trouble  located.  It  will  be  unnecessary 
to  have  an  operator  on  duty  at  night,  as  the 
following  scheme  will  allow  the  night  attend- 
ant in  the  ijower  house  to  handle  all  night  calls. 
This  night  service  is  not  a  general  service,  but 
will  allow  a  sufficient  number  of  telephones  to 
be  connected.  All  that  is  necessary  to  change 
over  from  the  day  service  to  the  night  service 
is  for  the  operator  to  turn  over  a  switch  at  the 
switchboard,  thereby  transferring  all  calls  to 
the  'phone  located  in  the  power  house,  the  latter 
being  supplied  with  a  number  of  buttons,  one 
button  for  each  line  that  can  be  called  on  the 
night  service.  All  that  the  attendant  at  the 
power  house  has  to  do  is  to  find  out  who  is 
wanted  and  to  press  the  button  corresponding 
to  the  number  called.    He  then  puts  up  the  re- 


ceiver, connection  having  been  made  between 
the  two  parties. 

In  connection  with  the  telephone  system  there 
is  a  general  call,  by  means  of  which,  on  a  code 
previously  arranged,  any  official  wanted  can  be 
signalled  at  every  point  where  a  telephone  is 
located,  by  the  use  of  a  special  buzzer. 

It  has  been  decided  to  install  a  combination 
watchman  and  fire  alarm  system.  The  wires 
for  this  system  are  carried  in  the  telephone 
cable,  and  therefore  will  enter  every  building 
in  the  institution.  The  watchman's  calls  come 
over  the  same  wires  and  are  signalled  with  the 
same  mechanism  as  the  fire  alarms.    This  is  an 


INTERIOR    OF    POWER    HOUSE     UNDER    CONSTRUCTION,    SHOWING    TWO    OF 

THE    HOT    WATER    GENERATORS,    THE    END    OF    OVERHEAD    COAL-BUNKERS. 

CRANE   FOR    HANDLING    EQUIPMENT    IN    ENGINE   ROOM,    AND   END    OF   FIRST 

BATTERY   OF  BOILERS. 

advantage,  as  it  ensures  that  the  system  is  al- 
ways tested  and  in  proper  shape  for  operation. 
The  signals  are  given  in  code,  each  box  having  a 
certain  number.  The  watchman  signals  by  in- 
serting a  key  in  the  box  and  turning  it.  This 
signalling  is  registered  on  a  tape,  the  time  of 
the  signal  being  also  registered  by  means  of  a 
time  stamp.  For  a  watchman's  signal  the  code 
number  of  the  box  is  registered  on  the  tape  once. 
However,  when  a  fire  alarm  signal  comes  in,  the 
code  number  of  the  box  is  registered  several 
times,  and  certain  gongs  are  operated,  which 
are  not  at  all  affected  by  the  watchman's  signal. 
The  necessary  current  to  operate  this  system 
will  be  supplied  by  means  of  a  duplicate  stor- 
age battery  equipment,  which  will  in  turn  be 


346 


CONSTRUCTION 


cliarjfod  by  means  of  a  motor  <fem'ratoi*  sot,  all 
located  in  tlie  j)ower  house. 

In  addition  to  the  general  fire  alarm  system 
mentioned  above,  there  is  a  local  automatic  fire 
alarm  system  in  each  cottage  to  notify  the  at- 
tendants should  any  fii'e  occur  in  the  root'  sj)ace. 
This  is  thermostatically  operated,  and  will  ring 
the  bells  located  on  the  first  and  ground  floors. 
There  is  no  connection  whatever  between  the 
two  systems,  the  local  one  being  operated  by 
nu'ans  of  dry  batteries  in  the  basements  of  the 
cottages.  Other  dry  batteries  simihirly  located 
operate  the  bells,  buzzers,  annunciators,  etc.,  in 
the  l)uildings,  which  serve  as  signals  for  attend- 
ants, etc. 

OKGANIZATION, 

The  whole  of  the  organization  for  the  design- 
ing, construction  and  administration  of  this  in- 
stitution is  inider  the  personal  su])ei'vision  of 
Mr.  S.  A.  Armstrong,  Assistant  Provincial  Sec- 
retary, with  whom  the  following  have  Jbeen  as- 
sociated on  the  work : 

Dr.  J.  M.  Forster,  Superintendent;  Dr.  Har- 
vey Clare,  Assistant  Superintendent  llosi)itai 
for  Insane,  Toronto,  as  medical  advisers,  to- 


gether with  the  inembers  of  the  medical  staffs 
of  the  various  public  institutions. 

Mr.  .lames  (iovaii,  architect. 

Mr.  A.  C.  B.  Xicol,  assistant  architect. 

Mr.  James  S.  Jlogg,  clerk  of  works. 

Mr.  T.  Ij.  Kowe,  superintendent  of  construc- 
tion. 

Mr.  F.  W.  French,  business  manager. 

Messrs.  MacMullen,  Riley  and  Durley,  To- 
lonto  and  Montreal,  consulting  engineers  (Mr. 
.VI.  A.  Boyd,  foinier,  and  Mr.  l\  \\'.  Reynolds, 
l)resent,  manager  of  the  Toronto  otlice),  who 
prepared  ))Ians,  etc.,  for  heat,  light  and  power 
work,  and  supervise*!  its  installation. 

Mr.  George  Black,  Pioviiicial  Director  of 
Heat,  Light  and  I'ower,  as  consultant  for  the 
department. 

.Mr.  S.  F.  Todd,  Provincial  Farm  Director, 
in  charge  of  landscape  garden  and  roads  laj'- 
ont,  with  Messrs.  Harries  and  Hall,  landscape 
architects  and  engineers,  consulting. 

Mr.  I  J.  E.  Granger,  Director  of  Domestic 
Economy  in  the  i)ublic  institutions  of  Ontario, 
as  consultant. 

Mr.  0.  R.  Young,  consulting  engineer  on 
structural  steel  and  reinforced  concrete. 


ai.cihk  i-iiAissi:, 


JKl.VTKKAL,    HON.    SBCRETARY,    liOYAL    AliCHITECTURAL 
INSTITITE    OF   CANADA. 


WATTS,     OTTAWA,     HON.     TREASURER,     ROYAL     ARCHITECTURAL 
INSTITUTE   OF   CANADA. 


Royal  Architectural  Institute  of  Canada 


AFTER  the  war  broke  out  the  conditions  in 
.  the  architectural  field  were  such  that  it 
was  decided  to  postpone  the  annual  meeting  of 
the  Royal  Institute  from  the  21st  and  22nd  of 
September,  1914,  until  some  later  date.  The 
postponed  meeting  was  held  in  Quebec  on  the 
8th  and  9tli  of  September,  at  which  time  the 
posti^oned  seventh  annual  assembh'  was  held, 
with  which  was  incorporated  the  eighth  and 
ninth  general  meeting. 

The  Royal  Architectural  Institute  of  Canada 
was  founded  on  the  19th  of  August,  1907,  and  in- 


born at  St.  Fidele,  (bounty  of  Charlevoix,  P.Q., 
on  the  22nd  of  October,  1871.  His  father  is  Cy- 
rias  Ouellet,  contractor,  of  Kamouraska,  P.Q. 

After  a  brilliant  course  of  classical  studies,  at 
Levis  College,  he  graduated  in  Arts  at  Laval,  in 
Quebec,  and  entered  the  office  of  Messrs.  Tan- 
guay  &  Vallee,  architects,  of  Quebec,  for  the 
study  of  his  profession. 

In  1893,  he  passed  the  final  examinations  and 
practiced  for  two  years  in  the  office  of  his  for- 
mer patrons,  after  which  he  opened  an  office  for 
himself  in  1895. 


JOS.    p.    OUELLET,    yiEBKC,    J'KESIUEXT    KOYAL    ARCHITECTUKAL    INSTITUTE 
OF  CANADA 

corporated  by  an  Act  of  Parliament  in  June, 
1908,  and  Ai)ril,  1!)12.  It  includes  the  Alberta 
Association  of  Architects,  the  Manitoba  Asso- 
ciation of  Architects,  the  Ontario  Association  of 
Architects,  the  Province  of  Quebec  Association 
of  Architects,  and  the  Saskatchewan  Association 
of  Architects,  and  is  allied  with  the  Royal  In- 
stitute of  British  Architects. 

It  is  to  ])('  liopc:!  that  })efore  the  next  Assem- 
bly, whicli  will  in  nil  i)robability  beheld  at  Ham- 
illiiii.  till'  two  nichitestural  associations  in 
British  Columbia  will  have  joined  hands,  thus 
ensuring  adiliation  with  the  Royal  Institute. 

Mr.  .Jos.  I".  Ouellet,  the  new  I'resident  of  the 
Royal  Architectural    Institute  of  Canada,  was 

347 


A.     URAXK     WICKSON,    TORONTO,     VICE-PRESIDENT,     ROYAL    ARCHI- 
TECTURAL   INSTITUTE    OF    CANADA. 

Mr.  Ouellet  makes  a  specialty  of  church  archi- 
tecture, in  which  he  excells,  and,  although  rela- 
tively young,  he  has  a  good  many  important 
churches  to  his  credit,  which  tell  highh-  in  favor 
of  his  artistic  taste,  and  are  only  the  prelude  of 
still  greater  successes. 

He  was  elected  President  of  the  P.  Q.  Asso- 
ciation of  Architects  when  he  was  only  30  years 
of  age,  land  now  is,  at  the  presidency  of  the  R.A. 
I.e.,  scarcely  forty-five  years  old. 

Mr.  Ouellet  has  since  twenty-eight  years  of 
age  devoted  a  good  part  of  his  leisure  to  militaiy 
matters,  and  holds  a  prominent  position  in  the 
Canadian  militia  as  Brigade  Major  of  the  City 
of  Quebec  Infantry  Brigade. 


348 


CONSTRUCT/ON 


A  Canadian  Designed  Arsenal 

Construction    of    Buildings.       Method  of  Manufacturing  Brass  Cartridge   Cases. 


A  X  iustauee  of  (Janadiau  enterprise  where 
jl\.  precedents  liad  to  be  created,  and  the  de- 
sign, erection  and  installation  aciiieved  througli 
sheer  determination,  couph^d  with  considerabk' 
creative  genins,  is  exemplified  in  the  bnildin,i>s 
and  plant  of  the  ('anadian  CJartridge  Co.,  at 
Hamilton.  The  first  of  its  kind  in  this  country, 
it  offers  an  interesting  illustration  of  factory 
construction  and  e(|uipment. 

The  general  ai'iangement  and  appearance  of 
the  buildings  are  shown  in  the  prospective  view, 
and  more  defiiiitely  in  the  plan.  The  build- 
ings are  located  on  a  I)I(Ki1<  of  six  and  one-half 
acres  owned  by  the  comi)aMy,  and  situated  in 
the  industrial  district  of  Hamilton.  This  area 
was  secui'ed  to  allow  foi'  the  ei'ection  of  aihli- 
tional  buildings.  'IMic  wisdom  of  this  lias  Iteen 
proven  from  the  fact  that  tlic  plant  has  already 
been  extended. 

The  main  buildings  are  couslructed  in  accord- 
ance with  the  most  modern  factory  practice;  the 
walls  are  of  pi'essed  brick,  built  on  concrete 
foundations,  and  the  roofs,  which  are  carried 
on  heavy  steel  columns  and  girders,  are  made 
of  two  by  five  timbers,  laid  on  edge,  close  to- 


gether, as  recommended  and  approved  by  the 
Fire  Insurance  Underwriters.  The  roofs  are 
covered  with  heavy  tarred  paper,  tar  and 
gravel.  Tn  consideration  of  future  extension, 
the  buildings  are  designed  to  carry  additional 
storeys.  Iron  covei'ed  fire  doors  are  provided 
between  departments.  Large  windows  with 
steel  sash  fitted  with  tilting  or  ventilating  sec- 
tion, provide  the  maximum  amount  of  light  and 
ventilation,  a  recognized  necessity  in  modern 
industry.  Floors  are  of  concrete,  six  inches 
thick,  covered  with  tarred  floor  paper,  overlaid 
with  one  and  one-half  inch  ma])le  flooring. 

The  plant  is  served  with  two  I'ailway  sidings, 
one  at  eacii  end  of  the  buildings,  the  floor  of 
the  latter  being  on  the  same  level  as  the  floor  of 
thefreiglit  cars,  facilitating  expeditious  loading 
and  unloading  of  merchandise.  Mechanical 
conveyors  carry  the  jiacked  cartridge  cases 
from  the  slui)ping  room  across  the  platforms 
into  the  freight  cars.  Heating  is  provided  by 
steam  radiators,  supplied  from  the  company's 
boiler  plant,  which  also  sup{)lies  hot  water  re- 
quired for  the  various  processes.  Jjavatories, 
wash  basins,  sanitary  drinking  fountains,  and 


ES 


!'-:L^ 


>  Avfif<^t.tn<,   ffeoi 


«," 


E 


da 


#' 


Hi 1 


1 

\ 

^■' 

■        ■      t 

\ 

i 

•    s 

[I 

'  1 

I  i,A.\  (IF  Bi  ii.Di.Ncs  a;.ii  r.RniNn.s.  Canadian  rAHTHinoE  <-o.,  i.ti>..  Hamilton.  Ontario 


.Vt<5 


350 


CONSTRUCT/ON 


HIOAVV    DIUW    I'lJK.SSKS-  -EAilLIEK  DliAW  OPERATIONS. 


RACK   AND  PINION    PRE8gEB — flNAl,  DRAWS, 


CONSTRUCTION 


351 


TAI'ERING    PHESSES. 


racks  for  the  workmen's  clothing',  are  all  indica- 
tive of  tlie  tlioui>lit  yiven  to  the  comfort  of  tiie 
workmen. 


liaving  the  requireil  diiueusious 
and  accuracy  of  measurement 
within  the  limits  of  four  (me- 
thou-iandths  of  an  inch. 

The  first  operation  towards  the 
completion  of  the  case  is  that  of 
cupivins'.  which  consists  in  stamp- 
inj;-  the  metal  disc,  whicli  is  tiie 
form  in  which  tiie  raw  material 
for  the  case   is   received   in  the 
plant.     This  disc  is'i)laced  in  a 
powerful   press   and   stamped  in 
the  form  of  a  cup  or  bowl,  having 
an  oval  bottom.     From  the  cup- 
|)ing-  i)ress  the  stamped  discs  are 
taken  to  the  annealing  room,  be- 
ing an  adjoining  depaifment,  and  carefully  an- 
nealed by  passing  thiough  a  furnace  kept  at  a 
constant  temperature  of  about  twelve  hundred 


PROCESS 


OF       MANtTFAC- 
TURK. 


Minimum  handling  of 
material  and  economy 
of  operation  are  in  con- 
stant evidence.  These 
are  a  reflection  of  the 
well  arranged  gi'oujnng 
of  the  buildings,  the 
proper  allocation  of  the 
various  departments, 
and  the  skillful  placing 
of  machinery  and  equip- 
ment. The  function  of 
the  plant  is  to  turn  out 
brass  cartridge  cases 
confonning  to  the  Brit- 
ish Admiralty  standard. 
Three  different  sizes  of 
cartridge  cases  are 
manufactured,  1)  e  i  n  g 
t]iirteen-i)ounder  horse 
artillery;  eighteen - 
p  0  u  u  d  e  r  (piick-firing 
field  gun  for  shrapnel 
or  high  explosive,  and 
4..')  howitzer.  AVitli 
from  four  hnndretl  and 
fifty  to  five  hundred 
hands  emi)loyed  the  out- 
put in  this  plant  is  si.\ 
hundred  thousand  eases 
per  month. 

The  actual  manufac- 
turing of  the  brass  case 
consists  foi-  the  most 
part  in  a  series  of 
stampings  or  drawing 
of  the  metal  from  its 
original  shape,  that  of  a 
circular  disc,  to  the  ex- 
tended cylinder  of  brass 


HBADINfi   PREHS.   CANADIAN    CARTRIDOE   CO..   I.TO..    HAMILTON,   ONTARIO. 


.?5J 


C  O  A^  S   T  R   U  C   T  I  O  N 


I'K'KI.INc:    l.tl'AliTMKNT. 


(k'srecs,  tlic  tiinc  occupied  in  this  process  being 
from  forty  to  sixty  mimitps. 

A  ciiri't'ul  inaiiitt'iiaiicc  ol'  the  proper  teiu- 
periitiire  in  the  jinueMliiin-  I'linuice  is  iiisiuvd  b\' 
pyroiiK'ters,  tiie  readings  of  wliicii  ai"o  rogistei-- 
ed  by  recording  meters,  which  not  only  show 
the  temperature  at  any  one  time,  but  keep  a 
record  of  the  temperature  througiiout  tlie 
twentv-t'our   hours   each   (hiv.     After   each   an- 


nealing, lest^  aic  iMa<h'  from 
selected  samples  to  determine  the 
Iiardness  of  the  metal.  This  is 
accomplished  by  means  of  a 
scleroscope  and  microscope,  and 
affords  a  thorough  cheek  as  to 
whether  the  proper  temperature 
in  the  annealing  fui'uace  is  being 
maintained. 

From  the  annealing  furnaces 
the  cui)s  are  taken  to  the  open 
air  to  be  cooled,  after  which  they 
are  washed  in  a  weak  solution  of 
sulphuric  acid  an<l  linsed  in  clear 
water.  This  washing  removes  all 
deposiit  from  tiie  metal,  and  re- 
duces the  possibility  i>f  scratch- 
ing the  surface  in  the  press,  to  a  minimum. 

The  second  ojieration  is  known  as  drawing. 
The  same  style  of  press  is  employed  as  for 
cupiwng.  In  this  press  the  length  of  the  sides 
is  Increased  by  about  an  inch,  flie  bottom  being 
Dva!  as  before. 

Inasmuch  as  the'process  of  drawing  hardens 
the  brass,  it  is  necessary  that  it  be  annealed 
and   washed  after  each  di-a\ving.     The  end)ryo 


MKTHIiTi    C-K   IVUIMNO   CASKS    AFTER    ANNKAI.I.VC.    CANADIAN    CA1:TRI[«:K   C(l,.     [.Tn..    HAMILTON,   ONTARln. 


CONS  T  R  U  C   T  I  ()  N 


.?53 


cases  are  again  taken  to  the  an 
nealing  room,  where  they  go 
through  the  same  process  of  an- 
nealing, cooling,  and  wasting  as 
before.  In  the  second  draw  a 
similar  press  is  employed  as  be- 
fore. The  oi)eration  consists  in 
again  slightly  lengthening  the 
sides,  after  which  tlie  first  indent 
is  made  in  the  base.  This  indent 
later  becomes  a  priming  hole  in 
tlie  cartridge  case.  When  again 
annealed  and  washed  the  cases 
are  brought  ito  another  press  with 
a  longer  punch,  in  which  they  aic 
lengthened  about  four  inches.  Tiic 
fourth  draw  consists  in  lengthen- 
ing the  case  considerably,  when 
the  second  indent  is  made,  and 
the  shape  of  the  base  changed.  A 
ditferent  type  of  press,  of  a  rack 
and  pinion  i)attern,  is  employed 
in  the  fifth  tlraw,  which  consists, 
as  in  the  fourth,  of  drawing  out  the  sides  still 
further,  after  which  it  is  ti-inimed  to  a  specified 
length. 


POINT  AiN.VEALINU   KLKNACK,   BBFORc;   TAPEKINC. 


Since  the  physical  ipialities  of  brass  differ 
very  materially  from  those  of  steel,  the  )»uiiches 
and  dies  are  designed  wifit  a  view  to  drawing 


l.ATMK    riKrAICTMKNT.    I'ANAIIIAN    l'AliTl!llM:H 


HA,\f  li.TON,    OSTAltHt. 


354 


CONSTRUCTION 


ItNArK    KcM!    MKl.Ti.M 


till'  casi'  to 
curacy  wit  I 
i)f'  an  iiH'li. 


tlic  size  reiiuired  witii  a  degree  ol"  ac- 

lin  the  limits  of  four  one-tliousaudtlis 

it  would  he  iui[)ossihle,  as  in  the  case 


of  steel  shells,  to  accomplish  this 
on  a  lathe.  The  sixth  and  final 
draw  is  on  a  press  similai'  to  that 
used  in  tiie  last  operation,  when 
it  is  again  trimme<I  to  a  specified 
length.  Ill  the  presses  in  all  oji- 
eiatiouH  a  compound  of  soap  and 
oil  is  used  somewhat  thicker  in 
consistency  tiian  is  used  for  lathe 
work. 

At  this  point  the  cases  are 
washed  in  a  solution  of  soda  wa- 
ter to  remove  all  grease,  and  are 
then  rinsed  in  clear  water.  They 
are  now  ready  to  he  headed. 
Heading  is  performed  on  a  oiie- 
thousaiid-ton  toggle  joint  pivsw, 
two  blows  of  the  header  being 
necessary.  The  die  on  the  head- 
er flattens  the  base  and  makes  the 
(laiige  of  the  ])ropcr  size  and 
shape.  The  indent  hole  is  also 
increased  at  this  operation. 
Following  tiie  heading  the  cases  are  taken  to 
a  point  annealing  oven,  where  they  are  annealed 
by  gas  about  luilf  way  down  their  length  from 


Jiiol.   IIDII.M,   CANADIAN    CAHTRinCE   CO.,   LTD.,    HAMILTON,   ONTARIO. 


CONSTRUCTION 


355 


CASES    IN    BOND,    AWAITING    KESILTS    OF    FIKING    TEST, 

the  mouth.  The  annealing  is  necessary  because 
the  shape  of  the  ease  is  chanf«'ed  in  the  nexi  op- 
eration. I'p  to  this  time  the  sides  are  perfectly 
straight.  They  are  now  tajiered  in  a  press  to 
fit  the  shape  and  taper  of  tlie  gun  in  wliich  tiiey 
are  to  be  used.  Machining  fdllows.  Special 
turret  lathes  are  recjuired  to  finisli  the  heads, 
and  drill,  recess  and  thread  the  priming  hole,  as 
well  as  trinnning  the  case  to  the  ])roper  length. 
From  the  lathes  the  cases  are  taken  to  the  prim- 
er rectifvinc  machine,  where  all  holes  are  tap- 
ped or  cleared  to  the  projjcr  gauge.  This  con- 
stitutes the  final  mechanical  operation  on  the 
case. 

TESTING. 

As  in  the  case  of  testing  shells  for  the  British 
(Tovernment,  the  same  high  standard  is  main- 
tained in  the  production  of  the  cartiMdge  cases, 
and  similar  efficient  and  elaborate  testing 
metliods  adoj)ted.  The  company  has  its  own 
staff  of  inspectors,  who  examine  the  cases  from 
time  to  time  (hiring  the  process  of  manufacture. 
The  Grovei-nment  inspectors  perfomi  the  final 
examination,  and  accept  oi-  reject  the  finished 
product.  The  cases  are  inspected  for  machin- 
ing, size  of  pilot  hole,  dents  and  imperfection  of 
metal,  by  the  company's  inspectors,  after  whicli 
the  case  is  brushed  inside  and  out  with  a  revolv- 


CANADIAN      CARTRIDGE    CO..    LTD..     HAMILTON,    ONTARIO. 

ing  wiping  apparatus.  In  the  stamping  press 
the  date,  incilnding  the  day,  month  and  year  are 
stamped  on  the  base,  together  with  the  com- 
pany's private  trade  mark  and  serial  letter. 
When  the  Government  examiners  have  made 
a  thoroug'li  test,  both  as  to  machining  and  de- 
fects, they  gauge  for  all  sizes,  and  also  check 
up  the  markings  already  stamped.  If  O.K.,  the 
Government  accejitance  mark  is  applied. 

From  each  lot  of  one  thousand  shells  the  Gov- 
ernment examiner  extracts  three  which  are  sent 
to  Quebec  to  be  proved,  the  balance  of  that  lot 
being  kept  in  the  plant  until  the  result  of  the 
firing  test  is  received.  This  test  consists  of 
firing  one  shell  at  nineteen  tons  pressure,  and 
the  two  otiiers  at  fourteen  tons  each,  the  nonnal 
firing  pressure  being  thirteen  tons. 

When  the  Government  inspectors  have  pass- 
ed on  the  cases  and  placed  their  official  stani]) 
thereon,  they  are  taken  to  the  shipping  room 
and  packed  in  special  Avooden  boxes  furnished 
by  the  Govennnent,  under  the  supervision  of  a 
Government  inspector,  after  wliicli  the  official 
stamp  is  placed  on  the  box. 

Of  furtlier  interest  in  connection  with  the 
manufacture  of  carti'idge  cases  in  this  plant  is 
the  ftict  that  the  company  maintains  a  tool  room, 
employing  thirty-five  hands,  where  all  tools  are 


356 


CON  S  T  R  V  C  T  I  O  N 


iiiadf  or  itqmiri'il.     in  CDiijuuctiou  with  this  is  ii 
blacksmith's  shop  and   tool  liardcMiing  depart 
moid. 

inasiuudi  as  there  is  considerable  scrap  brass 
from  fhe  niacliininy;  operations,  i)rovision  has 
been  made  for  taking  care  of  this.  One  of  the 
illustrations  shows  a  mei'tiug  furnace  installed 
in  the  plant  having:  twelve  pits,  cajtaltie  of  tak 
inj;  No.  80  crucibles.    Here  ail  scrap,  jd'tci'  liav 


GaNSTRLxmaN 

A-  JOURNAL-  FOR  THE  •  ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERING   AND  •  CONTRACTING 

INTERESTS  •  OF  •  CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER.  LIMITED.  PUBLISHERS 

.WESTON  WRIGLEY.  GENERAL  MANAGER 
Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard  Streets 
Toronto  -  -  Canada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 

;M0NTREAL— 171  St.  Jan-a^  street 

10.   R.   Milling,   Representative. 

WINNIPEG— 3   6  Qu'Apo-lle  Street 

Telephone  Garry  3226. 
F.    C.    rickwell.    Representative. 

NEW   YORK— 156  Filth  Avenue 

A.    R.    Lowe,    Representative 


CORRESPONDENCE.~All  correspondence  should  be  addressed 
to  "COXSTRUCTION."  Corner  Richmond  and  Sheppard 
Streets.  Toronto,  Canada. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS.— Canada  and  Great  Britain,  $3.00  per  annum. 
I'liited  States,  the  Continent  and  all  Postal  Union  countries. 
$4.(i(i  per  amnim,  in  ariv-ance.     Sinsle  copies,  35c, 

ADVERTISEMENTS, — Changes  of.  or  new  advertisements  must 
reach  the  Head  Office  not  later  than  the  twentieth  of  the 
month  preceding  publication,  to  ensure  insertion.  Mailing 
date  is  on  the  tenth  of  each  month.  Advertising  rates  on 
.application. 

CONTRIBUTIONS.  -The  Kditor  will  be  glad  to  consider  con- 
tributions de.iliPii  with  mntters  of  general  interest  to  the 
readers  of  this  Journ'il.  When  payment  is  desired,  this  fact 
shou'd  be  stated.  We  are  always  glad  to  receive  the  loan 
of  nhotogr.Tnhs  and  plans  of  interesting  Canadian  work.  The 
(iriginals  will  be  carefully  preserved  and  returned. 

Entered  as  Second  Class  Matter  In  the  Post  Office  at  Toronto, 
Canada, 

TRASKR  S,   KKITH      - 


-     KDITOR  AND  MAXAGER 


Vol. IX      Toronlo.Oclobfr,  line      No.  10 

Progressive  Hospital  Construction 

In  the  light  of  the  many  recent  outstanding 
instances  of  irregularities  connected  with  the 
erection  of  public  buildings,  it  is  refreshing  to 
be  able  to  point  to  a  striking  example,  contra- 
dicting in  every  particular  the  popular  idea  that 
extravagance  prevails  when  the  .general  public 
arc  i)ayin!i'  the  bills.  At  the  Provincial  (iovern- 
ment  Hospital  for  Insane  at  Whitby  the  people 
of  the  Province  have  an  institution  to  which 
they  may  point  with  pride,  not  only  because  it 
In  (•(iiicciicil  tn  be  (iiic  of  tlic  finest  of  its  kind  in 


ing  been  passed  through  the  auuealing  furuact 
and  baled,  is  melted  down  and  ])oured  into  in 
gols.    This  brass  is  sold  in  the  oi»en  market. 

The  Canadian  Cartridge  Co.,  Ltd.,  was  organ 
ized  and  started  by   F.   W.    Fiaillie  and  F.   P, 
Wood,  the  former  holding  othce  as  president  and 
general  manager,  and  the  latter  vice-president. 
There  are   no   other  shareholders   in   the  com 


paii\', 


the  world,  making  a  distinct  advance  in  mental 
lios[)ital  design  and  e(|uipmeiit,  but  al.so  because 
it  has  been  erected  by  a  Department  of  the  On- 
tario (iovernment,  utilizing  strict,  economical 
and  highly  efficient  business  methods.       • 

In  the  selection  of  plant  and  etjuiitment, 
methods  of  construction,  i)urchase  and  testing 
of  materials,  and  in  the  use  of  an  accni-ate  unit 
cost  system  to  permit  the  checking  of  costs  for 
work  as  it  is  executed,  the  most  U))-to-date 
nu^thods  and  ideas  of  the  large  contracting  firms 
have  been  followed  and  in  many  ways  improved 
upon.  Not  (miy  can  contractoi-s  draw  valuable 
lessons  from  this  work,  but  Canadian  iiiaiaifai-- 
turers  also  have  been  shown  that  goods  and  ma 
terials  can  be  made  in  this  country  which  were 
never  made  here  before. 

Notwithstanding  regrettable  delays  due  to 
difficulties  of  financing  such  a  larire  unlertaking 
since  the  war  broke  out,  and  the  greatly  in- 
creased cost  of  labor  and  materials,  the  methods 
adopted  foi-  carryins;  out  the  work  show,  in  the 
carefully  scrutinized  costs  now  available,  that 
great  economies  are  being  effected  and  that  the 
woT-k  compares  more  than  t'avorablv  wHli  thai 
of  the  best  private  contractinsr  organizations. 

Esi^ecially  praiseworthy  is  Hie  amount  of  re- 
search and  experimental  work  which  has  been 
done  in  developintr  the  scheme  and  in  producing 
the  materials  which  have  been  used  in  construc- 
tion. Members  of  the  staffs  of  our  universities 
ha'''"  ^e^n  ca'^'^''  "■•"'mi  to  oaoicjf  jn  «r.lvin"'  rnnnv 
problems,  and  their  scientific  eouipment  has 
been  used  in  a  way  we  do  not  believe  has  been 
attempted  in  this  country  before. 

The  oualitv  and  properties  of  the  shale  at  the 
(iovermnent  C'av  Plant  were  thus  tested  and 
reported  upon  before  any  development  was  at- 
temr>ted.  Tests  of  the  sand  and  gravel  from 
the  Whitby  i)roperty:  an  investiaation  of  all  the 
best  svstems  of  reinforced  concrete  floor  con- 
struction which  occupied  manv  months:  experi- 
ments on  various  types  of  wall  construction  and 
insulation  to  determine  values  for  heat  losses: 
free'/ina,-  and  thawin<r  tests  of  the  products  of 
the  Clay  Plant:  crushing  experiments  on  many 
varieties  of  hollow  clay  and  cement  blocks;  ex- 
periments with  different  mixtures  of  subfloor- 
iny  materials  to  ))roduee  a  resilient  cushion  be- 
tween linoleum  covering  and  the  hard  concrete 


CONSTRUCTION 


357 


of  tlif  structural  Huors;  the  development  of  the 
manufacture  of  I'oofing  and  floor  tiles  o(|ual  to 
the  best  wiiich  can  be  imported;  the  many  new 
types  of  hospital  lis'litinj'-  fixtures  evolved;  the 
method  of  arranging'  plumbing  piping  and  the 
special  fixtures  designed  and  standardizeil  for 
institution  work;  specially  designed  hospital 
hardware;  numerous  new  ideas  in  the  kitchen 
arrangement  and  0(inipment;  the  careful  studies 
of  the  orientation  of  all  buildings  for  sunlight— 
this  work  and  much  else  of  practical  and  scien- 
tific interest  are  suggestive  of  the  laboratory 
rather  than  a  large  undertaking  by  a  (lovern- 
ment  in  this  country. 

(living  credit  where  it  is  due,  a  large  share 
falls  to  the  lot  of  Mr.  S.  A.  Armstrong,  Assist- 
ant Provincial  Secretary,  whose  genius  for 
organization  is  leflected  in  the  masterly  manner 
in  which  his  Department  is  carrying  on  the 
work. 

The  originality  and  initiative  (lisi)layed  and 
the  advanced  ideas  incorporated  in  the  design- 
ing of  this  institution  and  in  the  working  out  of 
the  many  problems  arising  during  its  erection 
are  all  indicative  of  a  harmonious  and  effective 
co-oueration  between  designers,  builders  and 
craftsmen  which  reflects  the  greatest  credit  on 
all  who  have  been  associated  on  the  work. 

It  is  impossible  to  mention  all  the  imique  fea- 
tures which  distinguish  this  undertaking,  which 
are  of  such  interest  to  all  classes  of  our  readers 
—professional  and  lav— that  we  believe  a  care- 
ful perusal  of  our  descriptive  article  will  stimu- 
late a  desire  for  more  information  on  many 
points  just  touched  upon. 

The  scheme  is  not  yet  completed,  but  what  has 
been  done  justifies  the  expectation  that  the 
buildin<^'s  yet  to  be  finished  will  show  the  same 
originality  of  conception  and  capacity  for  de- 
tailed study  which  the  architect,  Mr.  James 
Govan,  has  so  successfully  brought  to  bear  on 
the  work  already  done.  We  hope  to  be  able  to 
furnish  our  readers  later  with  further  details 
of  some  of  his  work  not  yet  far  enough  advanced 
to  be  illustrated. 


Developing   The  Individual 

Taking  outsiders  for  granted  and  making 
C!anadians  i^rove  their  mettle  seems  to  be  the 
order  of  the  day  in  this  country.  Everybody  is 
doing  it.  The  heads  of  the  Federal  Government 
and  many  private  corporations  are  ecjually  en- 
gaged in  following  out  the  idea.  It  has  become 
a  national  pastime.  It  even  appears  to  be  a 
national  i)olicy.  In  the  early  days  of  shell  con- 
tracts, tens  of  millions  of  dollars'  worth  of  or- 
ders were  handed  over  to  our  neighbors  with 
few  questions  asked,  but  when  a  Canadian 
wanted  to  keep  his  plant  busy  by  manufacturing 
nnmitions,  it  was,  generally  speaking,  a  case  of 
"Show  me."     They  did.     Our  Canadian  nianu 


facturers  showed  the  whole  world  that  they 
could  meet  an  emergencv  with  as  great  a  re- 
sourcefulness as  was  ever  exhibited  by  any 
nation. 

When  we  i-e(piire  an  exiiert  to  advise  on  rail 
way  valuations,  we  choose  the  head  of  an  Ameri- 
can railway  whose  lines  compete  with  our  own. 

A  Dominion  arsenal  is  needed— surelj'  be- 
yond tho  scope  of  Canadian  intellect.  What 
was  done  to  secure  it  is  a  matter  of  inglorious 
history.  The  jokers  at  Ottawa  perpeti-ated  a 
grim  one.  For  already  we  had  an  arsenal, 
planned,  erected,  installed  and  operated  by 
Canadians.  The  plant  of  the  Canadian  Cart 
ridge  Company  at  Hamilton  is  an  arsenal  in 
every  sense  of  the  word.  While  the  complete 
shell  is  not  manufactured,  the  creation  of  this 
l)lant— by  C*anadians  — involved  all  the  problems 
necessarv  for  a  comr»lete  arsenal.  The  skill 
in  desisiuing  the  structures,  the  teehni(|ue  in  co- 
ordinating denartments,  and  placing  equip- 
ment, the  working  out  of  economical  and  effi- 
cient process,  the  precise  operation  in  the  vari- 
ous stap-es  of  manufac^^ure  all  in  their  essentials, 
required  every  possible  demand  that  could  be 
m>ide  upon  technical  adaptability  to  ju-oduce  the 
Tjindsay  arsenal. 

This  is  not  a  narrow,  provincial  question  af- 
Pectina'  a  few  individuals  in  the  country,  but  one 
that  strikes  at  the  very  root  of  our  national  life. 
We  must,  both  as  Government  and  as  individ- 
uals, tret  rid  of  the  idea  that  everv  time  a  special 
occasion  arises,  requiring  scientific  knowledge 
or  snA-.inl  fibiliU-.  it  IS  uecess'-iry  or  even 
advis-'b'e  to  look  beyond  our  borders  to  obtain 
it.  This  tendency  is  an  insult  to  our  universi- 
ties and  to  our  technic-illy  trained  professional 
men  and  an  absolute  deterrent  to  the  best  de- 
velopment of  the  countrv's  interests. 


Hopeful  Outlook 

The  spirit  manifested  at  the  annual  assembly 
of  the  Eoyal  Architectural  Institute  of  Canada 
auu'urs  well  for  the  fuhire  of  the  profession  in 
this  country.  It  was  clearly  impossible  to  settle 
all  the  important  matters  demanding  attention. 
The  meeting  itself  was  an  indication  that  we 
are  gettin<j-  over  the  shock  occasioned  by  the  ad- 
verse conditions  forced  upon  us  by  the  war.  A 
courageous,  hopeful  outlook  was  evident,  justi- 
fied by  the  fact  that  conditions  have  already  im- 
proved in  the  building  line.  Harmonious  co-op- 
eration indicates  and  assures  progressive  de- 
velo[)ment.  Canadians  owe  nmch  to  our  archi- 
tects and  engiiieers.  The  future  will  surely 
bring  the  deserved  recognition.  Coxstruction 
appreciates  the  attitude  of  the  Royal  Architec- 
Ini'al  Institute  of  Canada  towards  ourselves,  and 
hereby  thanks  the  members  who  at  the  aimual 
meeting  gave  us  such  a  unanimous  expression  of 
their  good-will  and  esteem. 


Architectural  Digest 

Articles  of  More  Than  Passing  Interest  From  Our  Contemporaries 


THE    EVOLUTION    OF    GAS    LIGHTING    AND    HEATING. 

lly    I'lof,    VIviiiM    It.    hfWfH, 

'I'lif  vval  liitf  |>tli>ii  of  till'  K'>«  iniluHliy  ciiiiie  lit  the  eiiil  of  lli« 
clKlitvvntli  reiituiy.  lit  ii  time  when  ttit-ie  waH  a  nmiVflniiH  wave 
i>l    Hi-lfiitltlr  ai'tlvltv  NpieailliiK  over   the   whole   cif   Western    I'lii- 
riipe.      We   hail   III   thin  eouiitry   at   work    men   like    I'rieMlley   and 
CaveiKllHh,      111    lOdlnliufKh    there    was    lilack,    who.    with    liniiteil 
iiieiins  at  his  (lispo.sal.  iliil  an  eninnious  anioiinl  (if  wirU  anil  ef- 
feiteil    vast    linpiovenients    in    all    fnrnis   of   scienlilk-    work.      Hb 
showeil  IIS  tliat  the  weixiil  ehaiiKes  which  take  place  whilst  the 
matter   is   alteriiiH:   in    form    were    far   more    Important    than    the 
ihaiiKes   perielveil   liv   the  eye,   and    in   InlioiiueinK  the  ehemleul 
halaiue  he  out  a  new  weapon  in  the  liaiids  of  sc-lentillc  ohservers. 
.\t   the  same  lime  there  was  at  work   in  Sweden  a  i'ttle  an  )the- 
cary    named   Seheele.   who  dl.seovered   more   facts  than  any   man 
lueathliiK:  and    in     l-'ranee    there    was    the    master-mind  of  the 
ureal    philosopher.    Lavoisier,    who    had    the    faeully    of   weavliiK 
faets  into  theories  of  tile  most  beautiful  iharaeter.     He  sliowed 
us    what    eoiiibustloii    really    was,    and    he    (I'rof.    Lewes)    could 
assure  his  audience  that  at  the  present  day  one-half  of  our  sci- 
entllic  information  was  due  to  Lavoisier's  theory  of  comhustloii. 
At  that  time  two  men  were  born  in  KiiKland  who  were  destined 
to  throw  an  enirmoiis  "'"ount   of  siie>)tit1c  IIl-'u   \"w'   "^e  (■'■■il- 
Ized  world.     One  was  Williani  .Murdoch,  and  the  other  Humphry 
l>avy.      Murdoch    was  born   In   1754.   the  son  of  a  miller  in   LuKar 
in  .\vrsiilre.  and  as  a  boy  sliowed  extraordinary  adaptability  and 
e.vlraordlnarv   experimental  skill.      He   beRaii  as  soon  as  he  was 
able   to  do  .so   ti  make   experiments.     There   happened   to  be  an 
outcrop  of  Scotch  shale   in   his   father's  cabbage  Baiden,  and  he 
used  to  experiment  with  it  and  iKiiite  it.     He  carried  on  a  certain 
number  of  exoerime'its,  :iiul   tlnaPv  w"s  ab'e  to  fp'.|ii   "■   nod   it 
was  recorded   that  in  an  old  cave  by  the  side  of  the  mill  stream 
he  used  to  make  uas  by  wliich  he  illuminated  the  cave,  using  as 
a  retort  iiis  niotliei's  teapot.     Subsenuently  yjung  Murdoch  went 
to    HirmiuKliam    .and    obtained   employment   at   the   Soho   works, 
not  many  miles  awa.\',  where  were  the  great  work.s  of  Holtoii  & 
Watts,  renowned  for  the  beauty  of  the  workmanship  tliey  turned 
>ut.     They  were  pioneers  In   stalitmary  steam-engine  work,  and 
their  pumps  were  also  world  renowned,  and  to  them  went  young 
Murdoch.      Watts    himself    haiipened    to    see    lilm.    and    at    llrst 
treated  him   very  nuicli  as  he  treated  an\'  other  l;ul   w-lio  turned 
ito  and  wanted  a  job.     The  youngster  was  staiuling  with  a  iiill.v- 
cock   hat   ill  ills  band,  which  linally  dropped  on   to  the   lloor,  and 
the   ring  of   tiiat    liillyi'ick   hat   on   tlie   Hoor  attracted    Watts'   at- 
tention.     "Hallo!"   said    Watts,   and   Murdi.>ch   shamefacedly  t>ro- 
•  luced  his  billycock  hat,  whicli  was  one  lie  had  turned  out  of  an 
old  log  of  wood.     Watts  was  so  struck  by  this  fact  that  he  took 
liim  on  at    .'is.  a  week.      In    17Sn  "Watts  sent   Murdoch   into  Corn- 
^■all    to   push    tile   sale   of   liis   linn's   iiumping  engines.      v\t    that 
time  the  tin  mines  of  C'jrnwall  were  at  their  zenith,  and  power- 
ful   niachln'ery   W'as   necessar,\'    for  keeping  them   clear  of   water, 
owing  to  the  great  depths  to  which  the.v  went.     Murdoch's  duty 
in  life   was  to  push  pumping  machiner.v  amongst  the  mine  own- 
ers.   He  settled  down   in  a   small   house  at  Redruth,   near  Truro. 
;'n<i  set   to  work   to  do  this,  but   it   left  him  a   good  deal  of  spare 
litiic,   sullicienl   at    least    to  work   up   niaii.\-  of  tlie  earl.\'   .schemes 
i>\   ids  boyhood:  and  remembering  tlie  extieriments  whicii  he  had 
made  in  distilling  tlie  shale  at  Lugar,  he  set  to  work  to  do  some- 
thing on  a  bigger  scale,     .\fter  making  trials  he  hit  up'Jii  a  form 
o'"   pot   not    unlike  an   ordinar.v   washing  boiler,   and    in   tliat  dis- 
tilled coal.      He  sent    the  gas  through  a  rough  sort  of  scrubber, 
and    Iinal!\'    iiv   a    jiipe    into    Ids    frt)nt    office,    and    he    found    that 
every    night   tlie    villagers   would   come   up  and   see   this   winider. 
The  news  of  it  spread,  and  finally  he  had  iieople  c(miing  from  a 
great  distaia-e  to  sec   that   in  tliat  da.\'  was  as  great  a   wonder  as 
radium  or  X-ra.\s.  or  an.\'  otiier  modern  scientitic  wonder  is  now. 
The  great   wonder  of  tlie  thing  was  tliat  it  was  a   llame  burning 
witlioiit    a    wu'k.    as    up    to    that    time    ail    illuminants    had    had 
wicks.        No   one    had   e\er   for  an    instant   believed    tliat    it   was 
possilile  to  get  an   ilUiminating  flame  witliout  a  wick,   and   Mur- 
d'H.h's   wickless   llame   was  among  the   wonders  of  the   da.\'.     ^\t 
that   same    iierlod    al.so   he   designed    practically   a   motor   tricycle 
driven    l>v   a    small   engine,    with    wiiich    he   used    to   frigliten    the 
neigiilioriioi'd    into    tlie    belief    tliat    lie    was    at    least,    if    not    the 
devil,  a  very  fair  imitation  of  liiiii.     In  fact,  we  should  have  had 
i'l   .Munfoi-h  tile  inventor  of  tlie  loconrdive  if  11   liad   not  been   f^n- 
tile  •ipposiiion  of  Walls,   who  naluiallv  did   not  like  lliis  experi- 
mental work   wiiiili   was  lieing  done.      rndoulileill>    .Muriloch.   bul 
for  Ibis,   would   liavc  invented   llie  locnnolivc   inanv    years  before 
Stephenson.      .Miirdocli   returned   lo  llie  Solio  Works   in    iMil,  and 
put    up    theii.   a    fair    imitation   of  a    gas    works    lor    illiiniinating 
the  works  and  sho]is    and  this  altracled  a  good  deal  of  atlention. 
ily  this  time  il    would   have  been   thought    that    .Murdoch's  claims 
to    the   discovery   of   tlie    ntili/.atioii   of  coal   gas   must    have   been 
est'liPshed.     Murdi'cii  did  not  claim   tliat  he  discovered  coal  gas. 
liec>i"se    il    was   well   known    lull   .\ears   bel'oie   that    coal   could    be 
d'st'Ped    Put   Miirdoeli   had  shown   the  wa.\'  in  whicli   it   i-ould   be 
inactically  u.sed.  and  in  which  it  <.ould  be  liariiessed  for  tlie  good 
of   civilization.      rnioilunately.    like    so    many    inventors,    he   did 
n«>t  reap  tiie  rewani  of  his  inx'ention,   iiei-aiise  In   IMil  a   Kreiich- 
niaii    in    I'aris    found    out    that    if   one    distilled    wood    in    a    retort 
away  from  contact   witli  air,  a  gas  was  oldaiiied  whicli  also  gave 
a    very    good    liglil.      Lebon    took    and    finnislied    a    .sort    of   show 
lioo.se    ill    Talis    and    exhiliited    this    womle'ful    invention,    which 
made    onliiiarv   smoke    b"rii    with    Uiminosity.    and   tliis   also   at- 
tracted  a   good   de-.l   of  attention.      To  one  of  his  shows   came  a 
Orniaii    naniecl    Wiiisor.    who    was    enormouslv    impressed    with 
Lebi.'inr's  discoverv,  and  tried  to  buv  the  secret.     In  this  he  was 
ii'is"(.cessfiil.  and  he  went   bick  to  Hermany.  bent  on  finding  out 
i'ow  it  was  done.     AVithiii  two  years  he  had  discovered  the  secret 
of  illuminatini.'  gas.  and  he  found  that  he  could  obtain  it  not  onlv 
li'oni  wood,  but  from  neat  and  coal. 

Wiiisor  got  a  charter  to  enalile  him  to  light  a  portion  of  Lon- 
don, rather  a  come-down  from  his  original  idea,  hut  it  wa.« 
.;<onietliing  to  go  on  with.  In  l.sos  he  put  in  two  or  three  lamps 
in    I'all    :Mall    in   order   to   demonstrate    the    process.      In    ISIO   lie 


lormed  a  company — the  Cliarlereil  Uhb  I'oiiipiiiiy— which  wan  the 
forerunner  of  our  present  <ia»  Light  and  Coke  Company,  now 
the  premier  gas  company  In  the  world.  These  first  two  or  three 
,\  ears  of  the  Chartered  Vlas  Company  were  anything  but  a  bed 
of  roses.  Wlnsor'B  Ideas  as  to  the  diHtillatlon  of  coal  had  gone 
very  Utile  he.vond  the  experiment*  which  he  had  shown  in  the 
L.vceum  Theatre,  and  when  lie  came  to  try  to  do  It  on  a  ))rac- 
tical  scale,  he  was  met  with  troubles  wlilch  he  had  not  the 
faintest  Idea  how  to  get  over.  Korluiiately  at  that  time  he  suc- 
ceeded In  geting  hoiil  of  CleRg,  who  hart  been  an  aHHlstant  to 
.\f\irdoch.  Murdoch  had  really  done  a  great  deal  of  work  In  jier- 
fi  :-tlng  the  system,  all  of  which  Clegg  knew,  and  Clegg  It  was 
V  ho  Joined  Wliisor  and  made  his  work  a  success.  In  1S14  West- 
inster  was  lighted.  Two  years  later  I,lverpool  also  adopted 
IS,  and  had  never  regretted  it  since.  Clasgow  followed  in  1817, 
nd  linally.  In  ISIS,  came  Dublin,  so  that  the  whole  of  the  United 
liiigdoni  was  at  tills  time  taking  up  gas  lighting.  This  Industry, 
so  started,  has  never  looked  back.  It  has  Koiie  on  increasing, 
and  within  the  last  lou  years  It  has  grown  with  such  leaps  and 
bounds  that,  looking  back  even  five  years,  we  realized  that  none 
of  us,  even  such  a  short  period  ago  as  that,  dared  to  imaitine  the 
great  developments  which   It   had  since  made. 

There  were  various  methods  by  which  was  at  that  time  used 
to  be  burned.  When  Murdoch  first  made  gas  at  Hedruth,  and 
burnt  It  In  his  village  parlor,  he  burned  it  at  the  end  of  a  pipe 
that  gave  a  big  flaring  llame  with  a  maximum  of  consumption 
i-.nd  a  minimum  of  light,  anil  inasmuch  as  his  holiler  was  a  very 
saiall  one,  his  shows  did  not  last  for  any  length  of  time.  On 
one  occasion,  when  he  had  a  room  full  of  people  watching  the 
llame,  he  had  the  uncomfortable  feeling  that  his  holder  was 
onlv  half  full,  and  he  knew  It  would  only  last  about  ten  minutes. 
He  was  not  at  all  sure  what  would  happen  if  the  holder  grounded. 
He  had  the  dim  Idea  as  the  back  of  his  head  tliat  unless  the 
pressure  of  the  weight  of  the  holder  was  on  the  gas,  the  gas 
might  Hash  back  and  cause  an  explosion.  He  had  a  very  primi- 
tive method  of  arranging  the  gas  supply  in  those  days.  He  had 
no  taps,  and  his  method  of  closing  the  end  of  the  pipe  was 
simply  to  have  a  little  plug  of  clay,  which  he  plugged  into  the 
end.  f)n  this  occasion,  however,  he  was  anxious  and  Hurried, 
lor  that  little  plug  had  got  knocked  on  to  the  Hoor  and  he  could 
not  And  it.  The  llame  was  growing  smaller  and  smaller,  and  he 
looked  around  anxiously  lor  something  to  stop  the  How  of  gas. 
He  happened  to  see  his  wife's  thimble  on  the  table  and  rammed 
it  over  the  end  of  the  pipe.  That  timble  was  in  the  condition 
that  every  good  housewife's  thimble  should  be.  The  head  con- 
tained several  holes  bored  by  the  unsympathetic  needles,  hut  a 
curious  thing  happened  when  he  put  this  on,  and  he  noticed  that 
the  gas  was  still  hissing  through  these  small  holes,  and  in  order 
not  to  waste  it  uselessly,  put  a  match  to  It.  and  to  his  astonish- 
ment he  found  that  the  gas  escaping  through  these  tiny  holes 
gave  a  much  better  light  than  when  he  was  burning  gas  as  the 
end  of  an  open  pipe.  He  at  once  had  the  idea  of  making  a 
burner.  He  first  went  to  work  by  welding  up  the  end  of  the 
tube  and  drilling  in  it  three  or  four  holes,  which  was  an  enor- 
mous advance,  because  he  found  that  from  the  consumption  of 
two  or  three  cubic  feet  per  hour,  he  could  get  as  much  light 
as  witli  twenty  previously.  Kroiii  that  point  he  began  to  de- 
velop his  burners,  and  when  he  set  up  to  tlie  illumination  at  the 
Soho  AVorks,  he  constructed  a  burner  whicli  was  at  that  time 
considered  a  remarkable  success. 

Ill  1820,  Xellson,  the  man  who  would  always  be  remembered 
as  having  Introduced  the  hot  blast  into  iron  making,  made  what 
was  known  as  the  union  Jet  burner;  it  was  Immediately  a  suc- 
cess. This  simply  consisted  of  a  burner  in  which  In  the  head 
were  two  little  Jets  at  an  angle  towards  each  other,  and  when 
these  two  Jets  of  flame  Impinged  upon  each  other  they  flattened 
out  Into  a  flame  narrower  and  higher  than  was  given  ijy  the 
batswing  burner.  They  also  drew  in  a  little  air  at  the  base  of 
the  flame  to  Increase  the  illumination,  and  the  fact  that  the 
flame  came  out  in  a  more  upright  form  was  responsible  for  its 
i>eing  given  the  name  of  the  fishtail  burner,  which  was  the 
burner  of  the  people  for  consideral>l.\'  over  eighty  years.  Cntll 
11100  it  was  the  burner  most  generally  used. 

Whilst  the.se  changes  were  going  on  in  the  burners  them- 
.selves,  Humphry  Davy  was  playing  his  )iart  in  illumliiation.  He 
it  was  who  explained  why  any  Hame  contaluiiig  liydrocarbons 
possessed  light-giving  properties,  and  the  researches  which  led 
to  this  were  brought  about  by  the  successful  attempt  of  Davy 
to  solve  the  problem  of  tile  miner's  lamp.  .\t  this  time  coal 
was  being  more  and  more  largcl.\-  used,  and  at  that  time,  espe- 
cially in  tile  north  of  England,  there  were  a  large  number  of 
liery  mines  wiilcli  were  known  to  be  dangerous  for  some  reason 
or  other,  although  it  was  not  clearl.v  known  in  tliose  da.vs  wh.\': 
there  was  no  siu-li  thing  as  a  method  of  rendering  the  working 
of  such  mines  safer.  Tlie  miner's  means  of  light  was  a  tallow 
dip  on  the  end  of  a  piece  of  wood,  and  he  became  so  skilful  in 
llame  that  he  was  in  a  dangerous  atmosphere,  and  that  for  the 
llame  that  he  was  in  a  dangerous  atmospheer,  and  that  for  the 
.sake  of  his  own  life  and  that  of  his  comrades  tliat  tallow  dip 
should  be  iiut  out.  Nevertheless  a  large  number  of  accidents  did 
liappen  in  coal  mines  from  explosions,  and  in  ISSS  a  Royal  Com- 
iiikssion  was  appointed  to  enquire  Into  the  causes  of  them,  and  to 
tiiid  out  in  what  way  mines  could  be  rendered  safer.  At  that 
time  Davy  was  at  the  Koyal  Institution  in  Albermarle  Street,  and 
also  was  an  ardent  fisherman,  and  was  away  in  Scotland  enjoy- 
ing his  holiday  salmon  fishing.  On  his  way  down  to  London  by 
the  coach  he  stayed  at  Newcastle,  and  went  to  some  of  the  pits 
vihere  there  had  been  explosions  and  brought  samples  of  the 
gas  away  and  experimented  with  them,  and  he  found  that  the 
factor  which  gave  rise  to  the  explosion  was  a  gas  known  as 
methane  or  marsh  gas,  which  was  occluded  in  the  coal  and 
which,  as  the  seams  were  worked,  and  the  pressure  gradually 
fell,  found  its  way  into  the  seams  and  formed  with  the  air  an 
explosive  mixture  which  would  ignite  when  a  light  was  brought 
near.  Davy  then  carried  out  experiments  to  see  how  the  trouble 
could  be  overcome,  and  he  finally  found  out  how  to  construct  a 
miner's  safety  lamp. 


CONSTRUCTION 


359 


THE    ARCHITECT    IN    LITERATURE. 

The  word  "arcliitect"  lioes  not  occur  in  Knglish  until  1563. 
in  which  year  John  Shute.  the  dates  of  whose  birth  and  death 
are  alike  unknown,  published  his  "1' irst  and  Chief  Oroundes  of 
-Vrchitecture,  ussed  in  all  the  Auncient  and  Famous  Monynients," 
in  the  introduction  to  which  he  describes  himself  as  painter  and 
architect,  and  mentions  his  studies  under  the  best  architects  in 
Italy,  whither  he  was  sent  by  the  JJuke  of  Northumberland  in 
I.'i.'iO.  The  next  reference  to  the  word,  according  to  the  Uxford 
nictionary,  occurs  in  "Paradise  l^ost."  over  a  century  later,  for 
Ihe  architect  had  not  come  to  his  own  sufficiently  to  be  realized 
a.s  a  person  In  any  of  those  books  of  characters,  such  as  lOarle's 
and  Overbury's,  which  w-ere  the  delight  of  the  educated  in  the 
leigns  of  the  first  Stuarts;  the  Good  .\rchitect  therefore  does 
not  balance  the  Bad  in  literature,  whatever  he  may  have  done 
in  life.  Inigo  Jones,  satirized  on  the  stage  as  Vitruvius  Hoop, 
is  described  as  "eminent  in  architecture,"  and  this  is  in  itself 
pi-oof  that  the  word  "architect"  was  no  recognized  part  of  the 
vocabulary  of  the  day.  In  Milton  even  the  word  is  probably  one 
of  his  own  learned  coinings;  it  had  taken  no  hold  when  intro- 
duced by  Shute,  and  does  not  reappear  after  "Paradise  l>ost" 
until  well  on  in  the  eighteenth  century.  Satan,  in  fact,  is  not 
only  the  earliest  example  of  the  word  in  literature,  but  of  the 
profession.  The  fallen  archangel,  once  "known  in  Heaven  bv 
many  a  towered  .structure  high,"  recalls  his  powers  in  hell,  anil 
the  growth  of  his  new  capital  is  described  with  a  tierce  jiower 
:>.nd  bitter  admiration  singularly  striking  in  the  case  of  a  blind 
poet.  It  is  as  if  the  memories  of  .Milton's  earlv  traviels — of 
castles  set  on  lonely  Italian  hills,  of  the  overwheln'iing  nuuss  of 
St.  Peter's — were  blended  Into  one  g.eat  and  goigeous  vision. 
Nor  would  it  be  surprising,  in  the  case  uf  so  stern  an  opponent 
of  Home,  if  Milton  had  in  his  mind's  eye  the  actual  image  of 
the  vast  cathedral  when  he  wrote;  — 

\,  fabric  huge   .    .    . 
Uuilt  like  a  temide,   where  pilasters  round 
Were  set,   and    Doric  pillars  overlaid 
With  golden  architrave;   nor  did  there  want 
Cornice  or   frieze,    with   bossy  sculptures  graven. 

The  very  doors  "opening  their  brazen  folds"  suggest  their 
Roman  counterpart,  bancy  might  even  take  the  lines  further 
on  as  symbolical  of  the  Christian  (iothic  theorv  as  against  the 
forms  borrowed  from  the  Pagan  temple,  and  contrast  the 
"towered  structures  high"  which  Satan  had  raised  in  Heaven 
with  the  columns  and  architraves  of  Pandemonium,  which  could 
not  but  be  in  a  style  the  reverse  of  that  celestial  architecture:- 

Nor  aught  a\'ailed   him   now 
To  have  built  in   Heaven  high   tower.s;   nor  did   he  scaiie 
By  all  his  engines,  but  was  headlong  sent 
With  his  industrious  crew  to  build  in   Hell. 

It  is  as  if  Milton's  early  love  of  cloisters  pale  and  high  em- 
bowed  roofs  were  taking  its  revenge  on  the  unwilling  recogni- 
tion of  the  splendors  of  that  great  cathedral  which  to  him  was 
the  embodiment  of  Satan's  kingdom  upon  earth,  and  on  the 
stately  Neo-Classicism  of  a  dynast v  which  he  abhorred  the 
Banqueting  House  of  Whitehall,  that  fragment  of  a  mighty 
plan,  and  the  Corinthian  portico  added  to  St.  Paul's  by  the 
King,   whose  death-warrant   Milton  signed,   in  iny^. 

Fantastic,  then,  as  it  may  seem,  we  inav  regard  Pande- 
monium as  the  first  capital.  Satan  as  the  first  architect  of 
modern  fiction,  and  he  has  to  wait  long  for  a  successor.  The 
earliest  novelists  were  interested  in  men  and  not  their  houses; 
one  cannot  imagine  Tom  Jones  as  interested  in  architectural 
imiirovements,  or  one  of  Smollett's  heroes  calling  in  profe.ssional 
advice,  and  even  the  lirst  efforts  of  the  romantic  revival  deal  in 
buildings  as  they  were,  not  as  thev  were  to  be  made.  The 
Castle  of  Otranto  is  already  built;  so  is  that  castellated  erection 
m  which  much  of  the  action  of  its  little-known  predecessor, 
•r^ongsword.  Earl  of  Salisbury."  takes  place,  while  Mrs  Rad- 
cliffe's  castles,  including  that  which  is  chiefly  known  to  modem 
readers  by  Miss  Austen's  allusions  to  I..aurentina's  skeleton, 
date  back  to  a  hoary  antiquity.  But  the  leaven  was  working; 
it  is  only  a  step  from  Gray's  admiration  of  the  ivy-mantled 
tower  to  his  friend  Mason's  love  of  ruins  for  their  own  sake. 
and  with  Mason  we  at  last  come  to  another  architect  in  litera- 
ture. Mason's  "English  Garden"  is  not  a  work  familiar  in  our 
mouths,  but  the  activities  of  its  hero  Alcander.  "an  English 
country  gentleman,  as  his  name  implies,"  are  really  noteworthv. 
On  his  "site"  that  worthy  "(list  his  taste  emplov'd,  "  the  "blank 
horizon"  of  the  "sacred"  site  in  question  being  only  broken  by 
a   thin   line   of  beech,   whose   "tameness"   was   thus   done  away 

"Draw   we  round  yon  knowl," 
Alcander  cries,   "in  stately  Norman   mode. 
A  wall  embattled:  and  within  its  guard 
Let  every  structure  needful  for  a  farm 
Arise  In  castle-semblance;   the  huge  barn 
Shall  with  a  mock  portcullis  arm  the  gate. 
Where  Ceres  entering,  o  er  the  Hail-proof  floor, 
In  golden  triumph  rides;  .some  tower  rotund 
Shall  to  the  pigeons  and   their  callow   young 
Safe  roost  afford:  and  every  buttress  broad, 
Whose   proud   pro.iection   seems  a   mass  of  stone. 
Gives  space  to  stall  the  heifer  and  the  steed. 
So  shall  each  part,  though  turn'd  to  rural  use. 
Deceive  the  eye  with  those  bold  feudal  forms 
That  fancy  doves  to  gaze  on." 

Filled  with  the  Idea  of  carrying  out  the  beautiful  scheme  in 
the  three  latter  lines,  Alcander  proceeds  to  "build  of  old 
disjointed  moss-grown  stone  A  time-struck  abbey  "  whose 
prosaic  iiurpose  is  to  conceal  the  whereabouts  of  the'dairy  and 
the  icehouse.  The  "fane  conventual  "  accordingly  arises  and 
.Meander  luoceeds  to  "lead  his  pensive  maid  "  arouiid  its  glories 
and  to  propose  the  erection  of  a  "proud  rotunda"  built  of 
"forms  pellucid."  on  "Ionic  shafts"— "anglice."  a  consei-vatorv 
—which  the  maid,  Alcander's  "living  goddess,"  viewed  reluc- 
tantly after  all,  not,  we  regret  to  read,  because  of  Alcander's 
bad  taste,  but    because;  — 


".My   wish,   thou   knowst.    was   humble  as 
I  only  begg'd  a  little   woodbine  bower, 
Where   1  might  sit   and   weep. 


my   state, 


called  forth  Catherine's  reluctant  admiration,  and  that  "toler- 
ably large  eatmg-room"  which  we  are  sure  must  have  been  a 
Cieaiionoi  General  limeys  own,  with  such  modest  pride  aoes 
liC  admit  It   to  be  one  ul    me  necessaries  of  life 

"Northaiiger  Abbey  was  got  leady  for  the  press  in  1S03 
though  not  published  till  isi,;  thus  it  actually,  though  not 
apparently,  preceded  'W  averley,"  with  its  romantic  Joy  in  the 
■..c.uiesque  uomam   of  the   l.aron   ol    P.i  adwaroiiie,    which    would 


tioii  in  1,4,-),  as  a  surprise  lor  his  father-in-law  the  Baron  who 
promptly  entails  it  mi  his  second  grandson,  tlie  first,  who  is  to 
have  \\  averley  Honour,  being  not  yet  even  in  sight  Scott 
however,  greatest  of  antiquaries  and  most  loving  of  aichaeoio- 
g.sts,  haruiy  comes  into  our  purview,  since  nis  characters  live 
in  or  near  ancestral  homes  and  are  not  themselves  like  their 
creator,  the  architects  of  their  own  dwellings.  Perhai>s  the 
earliest  professional  architect  in  literature— lor  the  elegant  M 
cander  was  only  an  amateur— was  Mr.  Pecksniff,  who  held  that 
prou<l  position,  not  by  virtue  of  ciualifications  or  of  practice 
lor  he  'had  never  designed  or  built  anything."  but  by  virtue 
ol  his  brazen  (Dickensian  pro.se  for  brass)  plate  and  his  recep- 
tion of  the  pupils  who  spent  from  three  to  live  years  "in  making 
elevations  of  Salisbury  Cathedral  from  every  possible  point  ol 
sight  tsic);  and  in  constructing  in  the  air  a  vast  quantity  of 
castles,  Houses  of  Parliament,  and  other  public  buildings  ' 
In  so  far  as  beginning  his  adult  life  as  a  pupil  of  l»ecksnift's 
constituted  an  architect,  Martin  Chuzzlewit  was  one  but  we 
are  not  told  that  the  varied  fortunes  of  that  young 'man  in- 
cluded any  efforts  at  putting  his  i)rofession  into  practice,  if 
Pecksniffs  were  common  at  tne  beginning  of  the  nineteenth  cen- 
tury, we  feel  that  Adam  Bede.  that  admirable  master-builder 
was  justified  in  his  contempt;  "As  for  th'  architects,  thev  set 
up  to  be  fine  lellows,  but  the  mo.st  of  'em  don't  know  where  to 
.set  a  chimney  so  that  it  shan't  be  quarrelling  with  a  door 
.My  notion  is,  a  iiractical  builder,  that's  got  a  bit  o'  taste,  makes 
the  best  architect  for  common  things;  and  I've  ten  times  the 
pleasure  i'  seeing  after  the  work  when  I've  made  the  plan 
myself."  ' 

The  function  of  the  praiaical  architect  on  which  .\dam  liede 
insists  is  explained  and  broadened  by  two  novelists  of  our 
generation,  Mr.  Howell's  architect  in  "The  Rise  of  Silas  Laji- 
liam."  who  knows  what  a  woman  wants  in  a  scullery  better 
than  she  does  herself,  and  .Mr.  .\rnold  Bennett's  Card  who  in 
the  course  of  his  meteoric  career  creates  a  fitting  house  lor  his 
grim  old  mother,  having  previously  bought  up  through  an  ageni 
the  lease  ot  her  hovel  and  turned  her  out  in  the  role  ot  the 
rapacious  landlord  in  order  to  ensure  her  living  in  a  style  be- 
fitting her  position  as  his  parent:  and  so  admirable  did  the 
new  liouse  prove  that  its  unwilling  tenant  was  constrained  to 
admit  that,  servantless  as  she  insisted  on  remaining,  she  could 
clean  everything  up  and  be  ready  for  callers  by  ten  o'clock 
We  leel  that  there  is  a  distinct  opening  for  the  Card  in  modern 
life. 

But  we  must  retrace  our  steps  and  leave  the  light  comedy 
of  Howells  and  Bennett  for  the  more  serious  paths  of  fiction, 
in  which  the  architect  as  a  character  is  curiously  infrequent 
It  was  reserved  for  Mr.  Hardy,  wise  by  his  own  experience  to 
treat  the  architect  as  hero.  No  one  can  help  liking  Stephen 
Smith  in  "A  I'air  of  Blue  Eyes"  any  more  than  the  ill-fated 
Elfrida  who  lacked  the  courage  to  be  true  to  him.  or  the  ex- 
cellent George  Somerset  of  the  "Laodicean,"  who  "sketched  or 
measured  many  old  country  churches  now  pufied  down  or 
altered."  If  more  of  our  architects  had  the  true  passion  of  Mi 
Hardy  and  his  heroes  for  the  legacy  of  the  past,  the  architect 
in  fact  might  iilay  a  larger  part  than  he  has  in  fiction  and 
the  restoration  age  of  the  Victorian  era  might  have  been  less 
unhappy  than  it  was  in  the  eyes  of  a  generation  that  has 
grown  as  much  beyond  the  ideals  of  a  Scott  or  a  Butterfield 
as  it  has  beyond  those  of  the  forgotten  Gothlcisings  of  Alcan- 
der.— "The  Builder." 


TO    BUY    PULP    MILLS. 

Capitalists  in  the  United  States  are  verv  much  interested  in 
the  vast  exjianse  of  pulp  lands  in  Canada.  Following  a  confer- 
ence of  New  York  capitalists,  a  deal  is  now  pending  for  the 
purchase  of  several  pulp  mills  at  Reversing  Falls,  near  St.  John. 
N.B.  The  syndicate  includes  Hugh  Chisholm.  President  of  the 
Oxford  Paper  Company,  of  Portland,  Oregon.  If  the  deal  goes 
through  extensive  additions  will  be  made  to  the  present  plants. 


PUBLIC    TENDERS. 

The  Dominion  Government  is  now  calling  for  tenders  for  tne 
various  materials  required  in  the  erection  of  the  new  Parliament 
Buildings  at  Ottawa.  The  general  contract  for  the  work  was 
awarded  some  time  ago  to  P.  I^yall  *  Sons'  Construction  Co.. 
Ltd..  of  Montreal,  who  will  supervi.-se  all  the  work.  The  Gov- 
ernment is  steadfastly  adhering  to  the  policy  of  giving  contracts 
to  the  lowest  tenderer  whose  materials  are  up  to  the  architects' 
specifications. 


BIG   JUMP    IN    BUILDING. 

Despite  building  conditions,  and  the  lack  of  labor  due  to  the 
war.  the  City  of  M'indsor  reports  that  building  permits  for  the 
nine  months  preceding  September  totalled  $1,USS,5S0,  or  a  little 
less  than  the  total' for  the  year  iai3,  which  was  the  largest  year 
in  tlie  histor.\'  <jf  the  City  of  Windsor.  Forty-four  i)ermits  were 
issued  in  September,  as  compared  with  thirt.v-four  in  the  same 
inc  nth  last  \ear.  "  Over  four  hundred  iiermtts  have  been  issued 
to  date  this  .\'ear. 


n  nere   i   might  sit   and   weep. 

But  We  must  leave  these  pseudo-pastoral  love  scenes  for 
Ihe  creations  of  the  Tilney  family  at  Northaiiger  Abbey  those 
.idmirable  kitchen  quarters,   built  by  the  general's  father,'  which 


Architects,  engineers  and  contractors  are  Invited  to 
contribute  information  on  construction  work,  whether  ft 
be  proposed  or  In  progress,  and  such  Information  will  be 
published  in  these  columns. 


CONSTRUCTION  NEWS 

Information  of  Special  Interest  to  Architects  Contractors,  and  Manufacturers. 
Construction  Building  Reports  will  Give  You  Up-to-date  Information  Every 
Day  on  all  New  Buildings  About  to  be  Erected  or  in  Course  of  Erection. 


BUILDING    PERMITS. 
C'HATII.V.M,    ONT.— Permits    l«.sue<l    to    date    this    .veai-    total 

I'OHT  AUTllKK.  ONT.— I'ermitH  iH.>!ue(l  foi-  the  month  of 
Heotember  totaled  |»3.i)3.'i;  for  September  laHt  year  the  permitK 
only  totaled  $2,22U. 

QlJEBKl".  QTK. — HulldiiiK  permits  issued  for  week  endiiii* 
Sept.  2  totalled  $s,500;  the  total  for  week  ending  AuKust  iB  was 
$31.0»5.(MI. 

srniil'KV,  ONT. — The  permits  Issued  since  January  1  total 
$140,375.  as  compared  with  |»7,06B  for  the  oorrespondlng  jierlod 
Inst  .year. 

WINN11'10(3.  MAN.— I'ermlts  this  year  ai'e  nearly  half  a  mil- 
lion dollars  in  advance  of  those  for  a  corresponding  period  last 
year,  the  fiifures  being  $2.19.'>.300  and  Jl,72I,!lOO  respectively  for 
the  nine  months  endinj;  September  3(1.  The  total  for  Septembev 
alone  Is  $231. SBO. 

BUSINESS   BUILDINGS. 

HR-^NTKOKD,  ().\T.— Architect  (5.  W.  Hall.  321  Colborne  St., 
has  prepared  plans  for  an  ofBce  and  dairy  building,  to  cost  $5,000. 
.lago  &  Hichards  have  been  awarded  the  contract,  and  building 
operations  ai'e  well  under  wa.\'. 

C.\UGAUY,  AL.TA. — Architect  CJeorge  M.  LanK  has  prepared 
plans  fjr  a  business  block  on  Eighth  Ave.  Tenders  have  been 
called. 

DITND.VS,  ONT.— John  Hertram  &  Sons,  Ltd.,  have  com- 
menced work  on  an  otllce  building  to  cost  $20,000. 

LONDON.  ONT.— .\rchitect  I,.  Carrothers.  Bank  of  Toronto 
Building,  baa  prepared  plans  for  an  ottlce  building  to  cost  $75,000. 
Architect  L,.  Carrothers.  Bank  of  Toronto  Building,  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  Hydro  ofilce  building  to  cost  $100,000,  work 
has  started. 

MUIRKIRK,  ONT.— Morton  Bros.,  34  John  St.,  St.  Thomas, 
have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  a  bank  building,  to  cost 
.>lii.O00. 

NKW  CAKMSM;.  ol'K.— Architect  P.  Levesque,  115  St.  John 
St.,  Quebec.  Que.  has  prepared  plans  for  an  alteration  to  a 
bank  to  cost   l!!2."i.iioii. 

NIAOAIIA  K.M.LS,  ONT.— Architect  C.  M.  Borter.  Main  St., 
lias  prepared  plans  for  a  bank  to  cost  $40,000.  .Architect  C.  M. 
Horter.  .Main  St..  has  iirepaied  plans  for  an  office  building  to 
cost  $10.0(](l.     Tenders  will  be  called. 

OSHAW.V,  ONT.— Architect  Geo.  I).  Redmond.  33  FairvJew 
Blvd..  Toronto,  has  prepared  plans  for  an  office  building  to  cost 
$5,000.  \V.  J.  Trick  Co..  131  Delaware  Ave.,  Toronto,  have  been 
fiw.iidcd  the  contract. 

OTTAWA.  ONT.— Architect  J.  A.  Booth.  Booth  Building,  has 
prepared  plans  foi-  an  addition  to  an  oltice  I>ui1ding  to  cost 
$50.0011.  Morcro.ss  Bros,  have  been  awarded  the  contract,  .\rchi- 
lects  Richards  ,<•  .\bra.  Booth  Buililini;,  liave  prepared  plans  for 
an  oftlce  building  to  cost  $30,000.  Doran  .st  Uevliii  have  Ijeen 
awarded  the  conliaci.. 

I'KTKRBOROrGH  ONT.— Bond  &  Smith  have  been  awarded 
the  contract  for  building  an  office  building  and  apartments  to 
Cf'St  $10.01)0. 

I'KTKRHOROIIGH.  ONT.— The  Royal  Bank,  Hunter  St.,  have 
commenced  wori;  on  a  new  bank  at  the  corner  of  Hunter  and 
I'.eorge  St..  to  cost  $10,000.  I'urdy  &•  Henderson,  of  Montreal, 
liave  been  awarded  the  conti-act. 

POUT  AUTHl'R.  ONT.  — Architect  John  Warrington  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  business  block  to  cost  $80,000.  -Mr.  Edwin  C. 
Penniman  has  been  awarded  the  conti-act. 

SrM.Vl'V'S'DE  I^E.I— ■>'•■  P  r-  f-"a>-v  >>■•«  s<-.v.<.,i  „ork  on 
a   new  building  lor   the   Canadian   Bank  of  Commerce. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— The  Urown  Brass  and  Coi)per  Rollinf; 
Mills,  of  New  Toronto,  are  excavating  for  a  new  ottlce  building 
to  cost  $40,000.  Architect  K.  S,  .\lallory.  05  .Adelaide  St.  East, 
has  p-epared  plans  for  an  office  building  on  Front  St.  East  to 
erst  $6,000.  Architect  C.  J.  Gibson.  53  Yonge  St..  has  prepared 
plans  for  an  office  and  warehouse  to  cost  $25,000;  work  has 
started. 


struction  of  a  reinforced  concrete  bridge  in  the  Municipality  of 
Brokenhead. 

WlNNil'EG,  MAN.— F.  McClaIn  and  R.  McQueen  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  four  truss  liridges.  The 
municipality  of  Strathcona  Is  bniidhiK  a  $1,500  bridge  over  a 
small  river.  The  municipality  of  I{ol>lin  have  called  for  tenders 
for  the  erection  of  three  bridges. 


♦  » 


CIVIL    ENGINEERING. 

<5T'ELPH.  ONT.  -  Plans  are  beint;  prepared  for  a  new  Victoria 
Bridge. 

MISSION  CITY.— J.  Harper  and  E.  Conlev  have  been  awarded 
the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  bridge  at  the  Law  Slough. 

:M0NTREAL  OCE- J.  H.  Dub.ic.  City  Engineer,  is  preparing 
plans  for  a  new  $100,000  bridge  which  is  t-  spsn  the  tracks  o( 
the  Canadian  P-cific  Railway  Co.  between  Wurtele  and  Lesper- 
ance  Sts..  on  Sherbrnoke  St.    East. 

PFTERBOROffJH.  ONT,- Tenders  have  been  called  for 
tak'ng  down  and  rebuUdimr  the  west  nier  of  the  Wallace  Point 
l.rif'g"  o-er  tl^e  otonabee  River  and  Trent  Vallev  Canal  E  M 
I'.Uiott.  Countv  <"lerk. 

SHERBROOKE  OPE— Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  con- 
struction of  a  reinfo'-ced  concrete  bridge  over  the  Yamaska 
Uiver.  at  Savage's  Mills. 

SCHOM"ERG.  ONT.- Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  erec- 
tion of  a  concrete  bridge. 

,.  T'/"'"^"''"^''  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  erection 
ol    the  Cherrv  .Stieet   bascule   bridge  superstructure. 

VANCOrvER.  BC— Tenders  have  been  called  for  the  snh- 
stn.pf-'-e   nf   the   '-.,n-l=   hririge.    .«clw.rk   WiUer.    V'ctona     BC 

Y«     „     ,   ^^'^''*;    '"'I'ef  Engineer  of  the  Canadian  Northern   Pa- 
cific Tiailwav    \  anccuver. 

\\- 1  NX  1 1  ■!•:(;      MAN-       T.n.lers    have    he.-,,    ,.:,Med    for    the    eo,,- 


CLUBS,    HOSPITALS,   THEATRES   AND    HOTELS. 

HAMir^TON,  ONT.  — L.  Sobnan.  .Manager  Alexandra  Theatre, 
Toronto,  is  selecting  a  site  to  build  a  theatre  _to  cost  $250,000. 

INGERSOLL,  ONT.— Architect  W.  G.  Murray.  Dominion  Sav- 
ings Building.  London,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  hospital  addi- 
tion to  cost  $10,000.  R.  G.  Wilson  &  Son  have  been  awarded  the 
contract  and  work  has  (started. 

PORT  DoVEFt,  ONT.— The  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Co.  are 
looking  for  a   site  to  erect  a  summer  hotel  to  cost  $40,000. 

SAULT  STE.  .MARIE.  ONT.— Nicholls  Bros.,  Gore  St.,  have 
commenced  work  on  a  pictuie  theatre  to  cost  $12,(M)0.  Venders 
wanted  for  interior  fittings. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Architect  T.  W.  Laml)e.  Ruddy  Building, 
may  be  Instructed  to  prepare  plans  for  a  theatre  to  cost  $200,- 
000.     The  new  theatre  will  be  built  at  Hamilton    Ont. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Architect  J.  D.  Ure,  122  Weatmount  Ave  . 
is  preparing  plans  for  a  picture  theatre  to  cost  $10,000.  Archi- 
tect G.  D.  Redmond.  33  Fairview  Blvd.,  has  prepared  plans  for 
a  theatre  to  cost  $25,000. 

V.\NC01TVER.  B.C.— Skene  &  Christie,  have  been  awarded 
the  contract  for  the  terra-cotta  work  on  the  Pantages  Theatre 
at  a  cost  of  $95,980.  John  Coughlan  &  Sons  have  been  awarded 
the  steel  contract. 

AVINDSOR,  ONT.— The  Hotel  Dieu.  Ouellette  Ave.,  has  award- 
ed tJrel  Jacones  the  contract  for  erecting  a  hospital  addition  at 
the  cost  of  $40,000. 

■  *  ■ 

FIRE    LOSSES. 

APPLEBY.  ONT. — George  Shaw,  barns  destroyed  by  Are: 
loss   Jfi.OOO. 

PETH.ANY.  ONT. — Thomas  .Mkins.  farm  buildings  destroyed 
by  fire:  loss  $6,000. 

BRAMPTON,  ONT. — J.W.  Hewetson  Shoe  Co.'s  factory  was 
destroyed  by  fire:   less  $2,000. 

BROCKVILLB.  ONT.— Pusman  &  Cohen,  Louis  St...  Kingston, 
waiebouse  destro.ved  bv  fire:  loss  $6,000. 

BROMHEAD.  S ASK. — Fire  razed  the  town  of  Bromhead  from 
Tergnnud's  liverv  barn  to  the  wheat  fields  adjoining  the  town 
limits:  loss  $70,000. 

C.AI.,.\BOGLE.  ONT. — The  Renfrew  sawmill  was  destro.ved  by 
tire;  loss  $5. "00. 

CHAN.NEL  GROVE.  ONT.— The  Canadian  Locomotive  Co.'B 
hotel,  Kingston.  Ont..  was  destroyed  by  lire;  loss  $26,000. 

CH.XRLOTTETOWN.  P.E.I. — The  Baptist  pai-.sonage  and  out- 
buildings destroyed  by  fire;   loss  $3.ono. 

MITCHELL.  ONT.  — Fullerton.  Hibljert  *  Logan's  agricul- 
tural exhibition  buildings  were  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $3,000. 

OTTAW.V,  ONT. — .A  grocery  store,  the  property  of  T.  B. 
WoodroiTe.  was  destroyed  by  fire:  loss  $10.0(10. 

PETERBOROUGH,  t)NT. — The  farm  buildings  of  Thomas  II., 
.\ikens,  Cavan  Twp.,  were  destroyed  by  tire;  loss  $15,000. 

PICTON.  ONT. — A  store  belonging  to  Albert  Powers  was  de- 
stroyed by  tire:  loss  $25,000. 

S.MINI.V.  ONT. — The  planing  mill  of  the  Laldlaw  Lumber  Co. 
was  destroyed  by  (ire;   loss  $30,000. 

S.VSK.ATOON,  S.XSK. — Fire  destroyed  the  building  of  the 
Grand  Trunk  Railway  at  .Asquith. 

ST.  M.ARA'S,  ONT. — St.  Mary's  Candy  Kitchen  factory  was 
destroyed  by  tire:  loss  $2,000. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT.— St.  Thomas  Dehydiation  Co.'s  factory 
was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $30,000. 

ST.  THOM.AS.  ONT. — The  St.  Thomas  Construction  Co.'s 
factory  was  destroyed  by  fire'  loss  $20,000.  George  Mc.Vllister's 
barrel  factory  was  destroyed  by  fire     loss  $20,000. 

TORONTO.  ONT. — E.  H.  Harcourt  &  Co.'s  building  on  AVel- 
lington  St.  AA'est  damaged  by  fire:  loss  $2,0(10. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— The  factory  of  the  Harry  AA'ebb  Co.,  Ltd.. 
•  in   Buchanan   St.,   was  destro.ved  by  fire;   lo.ss  $150,000. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

.VYLMER.  O.NT. — J.  Davis  has  been  awarded  the  contract 
lor  erecting  warerooms  to  cost  $5,000. 

BELLEA'ILLE.  ONT. — Tenders  have  been  received  by  Archi- 
tect J.  AA'.  Evans  for  the  erection  of  a  steel  and  concrete  ma- 
chine shop  to  cost  $100,000. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT. — P.  H.  Secord  &  Sons.  Ltd.,  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  garage  to  cost  $20,- 
000.     L.  Taylor.  Colborne  St..  is  the  architect. 

BRIDGEPORT.  ONT. — The  Citv  of  Kitchener  has  prepared 
))lans  for  the  city  waterworks  to  cost  $100,000. 

BROCKA'ILLE.  ONT.— Chas.  R.  Rudd  has  prepared  idans  for 
a  garage  to  cost  $15,000. 

COLLINGAVOOD,    ONT.— Architect   I'hllip  C.    Palin   has   pre-  • 
pared  plans  for  a  garage  to  cost  $10,000. 

DOV'ER  TOAVNSHIP,  ONT.— A.  Cadotte  has  prepared  plans 
J'or  a  stock  barn  to  cost  $7,000. 

FORT    AVILLI.AM.    ONT.  -AA'ork    has    commenced    on    a    con 


sm 


CONS   r  R   U  C   T  I  O  N 


301 


Crete  elevator  to  cost  $80U,OIHi;  Harnett.  Aleyueen  A:  Co.,  .Miuiic 
apolis,  Minn.,  have  been  awarded  the  contract.  Architect  D.  A. 
Gordon,  Luci  Court,  has  prepared  plans  for  an  elevator  on  Sells 
St,  to  cost  $30,000;  work  has  started. 

GLENCOLIN  ONT.— Gordon  Staley  is  having  plans  prepared 
for  a  planing  mill  to  cost  $5,000. 

HALIFAX,  X.S. — Tenders  have  been  received  by  Andrew 
Grant,  242  Lower  Water  street,  tor  the  erection  of  a  concrete 
building  on  Lower  Water  street. 

HALIFAX.  N.S. — Tenders  have  been  received  by  N.  C.  Mit- 
chell, Naval  Store  Olllce,  H.M.C.  dockyard,  Halifax,  tor  the  con- 
st.. u^t.Uii  oi  a  coiicictv;  uit.b'i  iO*-  a  bvectiii  whar*  Ciane. 

HAMILTON.  ONT.— E.  R.  Gray,  James  and  James  .Milne. 
City  Engineers,  are  preparing  plans  for  the  waterworks  addi- 
tion to  cost  $300,000.  Contracts  have  been  awarded  for  a  mill- 
to  ry  barracks  to  cost  $36,000. 

LI>DSAY.  ONT,— WestinKhouse.  Church.  Kerr  &  Co.,  of 
Montreal,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of 
the   new  arsenal  at   Lindsay. 

LOivLO.v,  O.sT. — Aicnilect  .A.  .\l.  Piper  has  prepared  plans 
for  garbage  stables  to  cost  $11.00o.  R.  G,  Wilson  &  Son,  llC! 
College  St.,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a 
ci'fe  addition  to  cost  $5. "Oil;  Watt  &  I'.lackwell.  Bank  of  Toronto 
Building,   are   the  architects. 

MKRRITTON.  ONT.— Purdy  &  Henderson,  10  Catheart  St., 
Montreal,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  tor  the  erection  of 
paper  mills  to  cost  $^,00,000;  J.  G.  Jennsen,  New  York  City,  is  the 
en^inee'". 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— Tenders  have  been  received  by  L.  N. 
Senecal,  secretary,  office  of  the  Board  of  the  Commissioners. 
City  Hall,  Montreal,  for  the  erection  of  the  Church  bridge  and 
appurtenances. 

KJ±  ij\\\  li.,  ONT. — W'iUiani  T.  Joy.  131  Sparks  St.,  Ottawa,  and 
SO  High  Park  A\c.,  Toronto,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  foi' 
the  erection  of  a  restaurant  to  cost  $60,000.  Geo.  C.  Grain,  280 
Clemow  St..  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of 
a  machine  shop  to  cost  $9,000,  and  also  the  contract  for  the 
erect'on  i-f  a   finishing  shop  to  cost  $4,000. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— Tei.Ccis  l.t.vo  Lcca  rccei%'ed  by  R.  C. 
l>eb  ^,  .^  .^ecc  .y.  ^  y  .,  ^in^  i  ot  i  ,ui  c  w  irs  Ottawa,  for 
the  construction  of  a  timber  wharf,  with  high,  intermediate  and 
low  sections,  and  with  warehouse  and  open  shed,  at  Gagetown. 
-N.B.     Tenders  have  been  received  by  R.  C.  Desrochers,  Secre- 

of  a  freight  elevator  and  alterations  to  Postal  Station  A.  Mont- 
real, Quebec.  Tenders  have  been  received  by  R.  C.  Desr  ichers. 
.  e  .   .  ..   V     »*  .     rf.   o  tawti    Ii>i    Liio  con- 

struction of  protection  works,  being  the  improvements  to  and 
completion  of  the  protection  dyke  at  La  prairie.  County  of  La- 
pralrie,  Quebec. 

i'ARxo,  O.nT. — P.  H.  Secord  and  Sons,  133  Nelson  St.,  Brant- 
ford,  have  started  work  on  a  dining-ioom  to  cost  $6,000. 

PETROLE.\.  ONT. — J.  &  J.  Kerr  &  Sons  have  been  awarded 
the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  flax  mill;  R.  W.  Fawcett,  116'/2 
Front  St.,  Sarnia,  is  the  architect. 

PORT  STANLEY,  ONT.— Watt  &  Blackwell,  Bank  of  To- 
ronto Building,  have  received  tenders  tor  the  erection  ot  a  res- 
taurant to  cost  $12,000,  and  for  a  bath  house  to  cost  $10,000. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.L>. — Tenders  have  been  received  by  J.  W. 
Pus  ,i-v      .^K.  eit    .,     .  -iiL   ..    i  — .wa.)S   .^..  .    C.*..ais.    Ot- 

tawa, Ont.,  tor  the  construction  of  elevator  foundations  at  St. 
John,   N.B. 

oi..  itiOMAS,  ONT. — Contracts  have  been  awarded  for  the 
ereccion  of  knitting  mills  to  cost  $50,000;  J.  T.  Findlay,  386  Tal- 
bot St..  is  the  architect. 

SLDBURY,  ONT.— The  Day  Construction  Co.  has  started 
work  on  a  cold  storage  building  to  cost  $15,000. 

TOitONTO,  ONT. — \\  ork  will  not  be  proceeded  with  until  next 
spring  Oil  tne  nurses'  hoine.  Bt^nd  &t..  x-iynes,  I'eldman  and 
Watson.  195  Bond  J^t.,  are  ihe  architects,  the  hoiiie  will  cost  $40,- 
OiyO.  Contracts  have  been  awarued  for  a  stable  on  Queen  Si. 
West  to  cost  $10,U00;  Burke.  Horwood  and  White.  229  Yonge 
St.,  are  the  architects.  Architect  S.  L.  Voiles.  67  Baldwin  St.. 
has  prepared  pians  for  a  gaiage  to  cost  $25,000.  Wells  Bros,  of 
Canaoa,  96  Gould  St.,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the 
erection  of  stock  pens  to  cost  $15,000;  Henschein  &  McLaren. 
431  Dearborne  St..  Chicago.  111.,  are  the  architects.  Wells  Bros, 
of  Canada.  Ltd..  have  ai.so  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the 
erection  ot  a  wagon  shed  on  Dalhousie  St.,  to  cost  $7,500;  M. 
Max  Dunning.  Cnieago,  111.,  is  the  architect.  Tenders  have  been 
called  by  S.  T.  Burgess.  435  Yonge  St.,  for  a  heating  plant  for  a 
three-storey  building.  R.  H.  Whiteway,  51  Woodycrest  Ave.,  is 
calling  for  tenders  for  the  drain  work  on  one  pair  of  residences 
to  cost  $5,000.  Tenders  were  called  for  plumbing,  heating,  elec- 
tric wiring,  roofing  and  kitchen  equipment  for  the  refreshment 
pavilion,  opposite  Keele  St.  subwa.v  to  cost  ^8.000.  being  erecte<l 
by  the  Toronto  Harbor  (i'ommissioners,  50  Baj'  St.;  Chapman  and 
McGriffln  are  the  architects.  Tenders  are  being  called  tor  by  the 
City  of  Torcmto,  for  the  erection  of  a  lavatory  and  waiting  room 
at  Sunnyside  to  cost  $10,000;  tenders  close  Oct.  17.  1916.  Wm. 
Vokes,  228  Rusholme  Road,  is  excavating  for  a  garage  on  Duke 
St.  to  cost  $10,000;  tenders  will  be  called  for  plumbing  and  heat- 
ing 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— Ralph  Simpson  has  commenced  the 
erection  of  a  new  shingle  mill  at   Arrowhead. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C. — Tenders  have  been  received  by  J.  G. 
Sullivan,  chief  engineer  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Com- 
pany, for  the  construction  of  a  jetty  pier. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— The  Canaaian  Pacific  Railway  Co.  have 
prepared  Mans  for  wharves  at  Vancouver  to  cost  $1,500,000.  The 
City  of  Vancouver  is  spending  $5,000,000  on  extension  to 
wharves. 

VANCOUVER.  B.C.— Tenders  have  been  received  by  M.  H. 
.Macleod,  general  manager  of  the  Canadian  Northern  Railway 
Co.,  for  the  construction  of  freight  offices  and  freight  sheds  at 
False  Creek,  Vancouver. 

VlhDKN,  MAW. — 'lenders  have  been  received  by  Architect 
E.  Prain,  Syndicate  Block,  Fort  St.,  Winnipeg,  Man.,  for  the 
erecf'-n  o'  !>  sknting  and  curling  rink  at  Virden. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.— The  congregation  of  the  Bethel  Mission 
have  decided  to  erect  a  new  building. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.— Architect  J.  S.  Metcalf  has  prepared 
nlans  for  a  concrete  elevator  to  cost  $25,000.  The  Public  Market 
Company  Union  Stock  Yards  are  building  a  concrete  addition 
with  a  brick  veneer  front  at  a  cost  of  $7,050. 


PLANTS.     FACTORIES     AND    WAREHOUSES. 

ACTON,  ONT.— Architect  J.  M.  Jeffrey,  9A  Wellington  street 
east,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  factory,  to  cost  $15,000. 

AYLMER,  ONT— Work  has  started  on  warerooms  for  E 
Thayer,   on  Main  street;  cost   $5,000. 

BELLEVILLE,  ONT.— Mr.  H.  C.  Long,  of  the  Maple  Tire 
Lo.,  Is  calling  for  tenders  tor  the  erection  of  a  warehouse  to 
cost  $60,000.  The  Maple  Leaf  Tire  Co.,  Ltd.,  is  erecting  a  fac- 
tory on  Town  line  and  Union  street,  to  cost  $40,000. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— P.  A.  Secord  &  Son,  133  Nelson  street, 
have  been  awarded  the  contract  tor  building  a  warehouse  addi- 
tion at  a  cost  ot  $15,000. 

COCHRANE,  ONT.— The  Hudson  Bay  Company  is  contem- 
plating erecting  a  warehouse  on  Fiftli  avenue,  to  cost  $30,000. 

CtiATnAM.  ONI.— T.  Kennv  Co..  132  Christina  street  Sar- 
nia, has  started  work  on  remodelling  a  warehouse  at  a  cost  of 
$5,000. 

CHATHAM,  ONT.— Tenders  are  being  called  bv  Engineer 
W.  G.  McGeorge,  of  the  Dolson  Creek  Mechanical  \Vorks  for  a 
pumping  plant;  tenders  clo.sed  October  7. 

DUNDAS.  ONT.— John  Bertram  &  Sons,  Limited.  Hat  I 
street,  have  started  work  on  a  factory  addition,   to  cost  $30,00ii 

GALT,  ONT.— The  Gait  Paper  Box  Co.,  King  street,  are 
excavating  for  a  factory  addition,   to  cost  $10,000. 

HAMILTON.  ONT.— George  Mills,  King  street  east,  has  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  erecting  a  factory  addition  at  a  cost 
of  $6,000.  W.  Yates,  Jr.,  18  Leeming  street,  has  started  work 
on  the  Bell  Thread  Company's  factory  addition;  cost  $10,000. 
Architects  Mcl-hie  &  Darling,  Bank  ot  Hamilton  Building,  have 
prepared  jilans  tor  a  factory,  to  cost  $15,000;  Geo.  E.  Mills  haa 
been  awarded  the  contract  and  work  has  started.  The  Acme 
Stamping  Co.,  Sydney  street,  have  had  plans  prepared  for  a 
factory  addition  at  a  cost  ot  $15,000.  H.  G.  Christman  Co.. 
P'ederai  Lite  Building,  have  started  work  on  a  factory  addition, 
to  cost  $5,000.  MacKay  &  Paulin,  Bank  of  Hamilton  Building, 
may  be  awarded  the  contract  for  erecting  a  warehouse  on 
Depew   street,    to   cost    $75,000. 

KITCHENER,  ONT.— The  Klmmel  Felt  Co.,  Ltd.,  Kitchener. 
Ont.   are  e   cavat'i  g  lor  a  factory,  to  cost  $40.00u. 

LISTOWEL,  ONT.— J.  W.  Scott  &  Son,  Listowel,  have  start- 
ed work  on  warerooms. 

LONDON,  ONT.— George  F.  Whalen  will  build  two  new  pulp 
plants,  one  at  Quatsino  Sound,  and  the  other  at  Swanson  Bay. 

LONDON,  ONT. — .\.  B.  Green.  York  street,  has  prepared 
plans  tor  an  auto  showroom,  to  cost  $5,000.  C.  S.  Hyman  &  Co.. 
Richmond  street,  are  excavating  for  a  warehouse  on  Richmond 
street,  to  cost  $6,000.  The  McClarv  Mfg.  Co..  WeUington  street, 
have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  addition,  to  cost  $35,000. 

MONCTON,  N.B.— Fred  Ryan,  contractor,  of  Fredericton. 
N.B,.  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  erecting  a  smelting 
plant  tor  the  Bathurst  Lumber  Co. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— Peter  Lyall  &  Son  are  erecting  a  ware- 
house on  Western  avenue,  in  Notre  Dame  de  Grace  Ward,  to 
cost  $20,000. 

NEW  WESTMINSTER,  B.C.— The  Saskatchewan  Steel  and 
Bridge  Co.  are  looking  tor  a  site  on  which  to  build  a  new  plant. 

NIAGARA  FALLS— The  Perfection  Tire  and  Motor  Co.. 
Madison,    Iowa,    is   erecting  a   factory   in   Poplar   Park,    to   cost 

$65,000. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— The  Ottawa  Car  Mfg.  Co.,  311  Slater 
street,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  on  Albert  street,  to 
cost  $250,000.  Architects  Jas.  Holden  &  Graham.  147  Albert 
street,  have  prepared  plans  lor  a  factory  on  Albert  street,  to 
cost  $30,000;    work    has   started. 

PORT  ARTHUR,  ONT.— The  Thunder  Bay  Construction  Co., 
Port  Arthur,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  tor  erecting  a 
starch    factory,    to   cost   $60,000. 

PORT  COLBORNE,  ONT.— The  Foundation  Co.,  Ltd..  224 
St.  James  street,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  erect- 
ing a  nickel  plant,   to  cost  $3,000,000. 

RENFRinv.  ONT.— Architect  John  McNicol,  Renfrew,  has 
prepared  plans  for  a  factory  addition,  to  cost  $10,000;  tenders 
have   been  I'alled. 

SARNI.A.  ONT.— The  tlntario  Canner.s,  Sarnia.  Ont..  have 
prepared    plans    tor    a    canning    factory,    to    cost    $75,000. 

SIMCOE,  ONT.— Architect  W.  C.  Tilley,  U  Temple  Build- 
ing, Branttord.  has  prepared  plans  for  a  factory,  to  cost  $12,000; 
the  factory  Is  ready  for  the  root. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B. — Tenners  are  beine  called  tor  the  erection 
of   a    wharf,    warehouse    and    shed,    at    Gagetown,    N.B. 

ST.  THOMAS.  ONT —The  Canadian  W0odenware  Co.,  Gravel 
road,   have   started   work   on   a   factory,    to  cost   $20,000. 

TILLSONBURG,  ONT.— The  Maple  Leaf  Tool  Co.,  Tillson- 
burg,  are  preparing  plans  for  an  addition  to  their  factorA-,  to 
cost    $1(1.00(1. 

THREE  RIVERS,  QUE.— D.  .\.  Cordon.  M.I'.,  will  erect  a 
sugar  beet  refinery  at  Three   Rivers. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Architect  R.  S.  Hambletoii.  41  Sussex 
avenue,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  addition  at  a  cost  of 
$8,000.  Architect  Henrv  Simpson,  79  Spadina  avenue,  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  factory,  to  cost  $30,000.  R.  G.  Kirby,  537 
Yonge  street,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  e.ecting  a 
bread  factory  on  Dovercourt  road,  to  cost  $20,000.  .Architects 
Ross  &  MacDonald,  908  Royal  Bank  Building,  have  prepared 
plans  for  the  h.vdro  buildings  on  Caer  Howell  and  Murray 
streets:  tenders  have  been  called.  .1.  V.  Gra.v  Construction  Co.. 
Contederation  Life  Building,  are  excavating  for  three  factory 
lu  1  s  t,.    P  ton  roau    t     ■•■  St  $2;i  uuM.     'i     :  Canao  t  Ajet      \jo.. 

35  Eraser  avenue,  is  erecting  A  new  munition  plant  on  Fraser 
avenue,  to  cost  $25,000;  F.  S.  Mallory.  65  -Adelaide  street  east,  is 
the  arcliitect.  The  Massey-Harris  Co.,  King  street  west,  has 
started  work  on  a  tactor.y  addition,  to  cost  $5,000.  C.  A.  Scott, 
575  Logan  avenue,  has  started  work  on  a  factory  addition  on 
Geary  avenue,  to  cost  $12,000.  Tenders  have  been  called  by 
Architects  Curry  &  Sparling,  105  Bond  street,  for  the  erection 
of  a  factory,  to  cost  $8,000.  The  F.  W.  Woolworth,  Ltd.,  4  Queen 
street  west,  have  started  work  on  a  warehouse  on  George  street, 
to  cost  $40,000;  S.  L.  Yolles,  67  Baldwin  street,  is  the  arohi- 
font  !*■  ■.  ( :'ias  ""'h.  1(1,  I've'""  i  lO  -'  • -is  ore  pare  1  nia  8 
for  a  factory  addition,  to  cost  $5,000.  AVells  Bros..  96  Gould 
street,  have  started  work  on  a  warehouse  on  Dalhousie  street, 
to  cost  $75,000.  The  Dominion  Building  Products.  Limited, 
have  started  work  on  a   brick  plant,  to  cost  $30,000.     The  Sheet 


363 


CONSTRUCTION 


AU'tal  I'roiiiu'tM  <'i'..  ll'lt  Uivfi-  Htrt'et,  havt*  in-f|iaff(l  iitaiiH  for  a 
rartorv  aiUUtioii,  to  oowt  |«.i">ti;  Miouii  At  Coi>i)<'i-  havi-  bei-n 
awarded  the  contract.  Architect  K.  J.  Smith,  3(1  Hhanmui 
street,  has  prepared  planH  for  a  factory  addition,  to  cohI  $6,i)(III. 
The  Toronto  Oeiifral  Repair  and  C'onHtruitlon  Co.,  4(i  Canideii 
Htreet,  liavi'  .stalled  work  on  a  factor.v  addition  on  .Morrow 
avenue,  to  i-ost  *7,i>iin.  Mr.  .1.  (!.  Kent,  t'onfederntlon  Life  llulld- 
hiK.   Ik  I'reitInK  a   warehoiiiie  on  Queen  Btreet  west,  to  coHt   $4ft.- 

tMIU. 

\VIOI.l-.\Nl>,  ONT.— Krnext  I'lalts,  I'elham.  Ontario,  Ih  luiv- 
InK  plans  prepared  for  a  warelmUHe  and  oltlees  on  North  Main 
street,   lo  i'>st  »12,()00. 

WlNNll'KCi.  M.\N.  -The  NiaKara  fruit  (jrowcrs  will  erect 
a   cold  KtoraKe   plant    In    Winnipeg;    work    will   start    this    fall. 


PUBLIC    BUILDINGS   AND   STATIONS. 

.VSHCUOKT.  I!.('.-  TendiiH  have  lieeii  called  for  the  erection 
of  public  iMiildinK  at   .Vsluroft.    ll.C. 

KU.\NTKi>HI).  ONT.— The  Lake  Krle  and  Northern  Kall- 
wa.v   have   started    work   on   a   new   station,    to  cost   $25.(HI(). 

OKI. III.  ONT.— The  Cranil  Trunk  Kallwa.v.  Delhi.  Ontario, 
have    prepared    plans    for    a    new    station,    lo    cost    )f(;.IMiii. 

KllKl>i;RK"rON.  N.It.— .\  new  »H.(l»0  puniplnB  station  will 
he  erected  at  the  Kxpertmental  Farm:  the  IniildinK  will  he  of 
concrete. 

II.M.IK.W.  N.S.— .lohn  .1.  <lrant,  of  New  (JlasK'ow.  has  been 
awarded   the  contract    for  a   new   lilirary   l)uildiiiK. 

H.X.Mll.TO.V.  O.NT.  -.\  new  radial  station  is  to  be  liullt  on 
the  site  now  occupied  liv  the  .Murray  Street  School,  to  cost 
$l(HI,(iiHi.  .Vrchltect  K.  T.  Siflon.  enKiiicer,  City  Hall.  Is  iirepar- 
in^'  jdar's  tor  a  new  h.\dro  station. 

KII{K1,.\N1»  l-.\Ki:.  (_>.\T.— The  North  I'.ay  l-lKht.  Heat  and 
I'liwer  Co..  1"  .Main  street  west.  North  Hay.  have  started  work 
on  a   Iranslornier  station,    to  co.st    $:!il,OIIO. 

l.KTIIHRll  xiK,  .M/r.\. — Tenders  have  iieen  called  by  .1.  M. 
Cameron,  general  superintendent.  Canadian  I'acifii'  Railway,  for 
the  construction  of  two  stations  at   .Manyberrles. 

.\lo.\TRK.\l-.  gri';.— .Vrchltect  Kenneth  O.  Rea  is  preparlnt; 
,,i,....-  or  the  new  I'lty  hail,  ine  <  osi  ■)f  wliifh  is  lo  excee.i 
JL'iio.aoo. 

o.\K\ll,l-i;.  O.VT.— .\rchitecl  W'ni.  Connery.  72  (J\ieen  street 
weft  Toriitito.  has  prepared  pl-ms  loi-  a  new  lire  hall,  to  cosi 
f  lii.iiiiO. 

OTT.WV.V,  <  >.N"r.  Tcndirs  have  been  received  l>y  .1.  W. 
I'uKsiev,  Si'crclaiy  l>eparlnicnt  of  Railways  and  Canals,  lor  the 
erection  of  a  slalion   Iniildin^-  al    .Manowan.  Que. 

ST.  .loll.N.  .N'.l!. — Tenders  liave  been  called  by  the  SI.  .lohn 
Railway    Company    for    the    erection    of   a    pumpinK    station. 

TORONTt).  O.NT.— The  Hydro- lOlectrlc.  22i;  Yonge  street, 
is  about  to  start  work  on  a  sub-station  on  ,)efferson  avenue, 
to  cost  $20.0011.  Contrai'ts  have  been  awarded  for  the  new 
Hydro  sub-station  at  I  >uncan  and  Nelson  streets:  the  cost  wil! 
be"  $!)(),000. 

WINNIl'KC,  .M.\N.--The  Manitoba  Bridge  and  Iron  Works 
have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  steel  work  on  the  dome 
of  the  new  capitol. 

. .  ♦  . ■ 

RESIDENCES,   STORES   AND    FLATS. 

.M/I'O.N.  o.\T.--.\rihitccl  .1.  M.  .lelTiey,  ii.\  Welliimton  street 
east,  Toronto,  inepared  tlic  plans  lor  .\nilrcw  Hods'  new  resi- 
dence:  cost    $:iii.iiii(i. 

.\R.VI'KI(iR.  O.NT. ~. Mr.  I'aul  Kittner.  ilisin  street,  is  haviiiK 
plans  prepaiiMl   foi-  a  resi<letice  on  lOlsin  street,  to  cost  ^fi.ooo. 

.VVI-.MKR.  O.NT. — 11.  /..  Kalcom  is  erectins  several  houses. 
1'  .McC'U.sii''ii  >v'nier.  o  1,.  lias  prepaled  p.ans  for  a  ^arie.y 
store,   to  cost  f.'i.ooo. 

ISR.V.NIX  i.V.  -\I.\N. — .\n  apartment  bouse  will  be  Imilt  on  the 
i-oincr    of    Twelfth    and     I'rincess    streets    next    sprinK. 

l!R.\.NTl"ORl).  O.NT.— R.  S.  .Mason.  Toronto,  has  commeni'ed 
work  on  stores  and  ollice  alterations,   to  cost  $r),000. 

CH.\RI.0TT1':T0\\'N.  N.I!.— Mr.  T.  K.  Riley,  tiueen  street,  is 
erecting   a    three-stor*'\"   store. 

CH.XRI.OTTKTOW.N.  -Nil. — .lohn  I'ower  has  been  awarde<l 
the  coiitr.ict  for  lillililiiiK  a  new  dmible  tenement  liou.se  on 
lOnston  street   east. 

C01,1)\V.\T1';R.  O.NT.  —  Nicholson  I'.ros.  are  liavint;  idans  pie- 
l«ired    for  a    store,    to  cost   till. Olid. 

CO.NISTt).N.  O.NT. — The  l,a  lierge  Lumber  Co.,  Sudbury, 
liave  been  awarded  the  contract  for  erectinji  a  InardinK  house, 
to   cost    $14.0011. 

COI'l'lCK  CI, IFF.  ( i.NT. — George  R.  Craig.  2  Park  W..  has 
prepared  plans  for  a  residence,  to  cost  $7,000:  l,a  Berge  dumber 
Co..  Sudbury,  have  been  awarded  the  contract,  .\rcliitect  H.  K. 
.lones.  Co|)per  Cliff,  lias  prepared  plans  for  (1.  !•:.  Silvester's 
residence,    to   cost    $(i,llllll. 

CRIOIGHTON.  ONT.— .\rchitect  Martin  Hassett,  Sudbury, 
lias  prepared  plans  for  a  store  and  residence,  to  cost  $12,000. 

FlO.NKl.o.N  F.\1,I.S.  O.NT. — .Xlex.  .Mcl.eod,  57  Ben  Lomond 
avenue.  Toiont  i.  has  slarled  work  i>n  erecting  stores  and  apart- 
ments,   to    cost    $li;.oiiii. 

n.\l.lF.\X.  .N.S. — Tenders  have  been  received  tor  the  erec- 
tion of  a  iirick  Iniildiiig  on  the  premises  of  the  Maritime  Home 
for   C.irls. 

H.VJllLTON.  O.NT.— -Vrchltect  W.  H.  Hunkiii,  Lister  Build- 
ing, is  iirepariiig  plans  for  an  apartment  house  on  York  street. 
to  cost  $S.oiiii.  .1.  M.  Farewell,  SS  St.  Clair  avenue,  is  erecting 
a  residence  on  Proctor  boulevard,  to  cost  $5,000.  ISegg  &  Co.. 
:{N  North  .lames  street,  have  commenced  work  on  store  alter- 
ations, to  cost  $111. mm.  H.  1^.  Welton.  4I>  .\rthur  avenue,  is 
having  plans  prepared  for  a  store  on  King  street  east,  to  cost 
$l".00ii.  Work  lias  started  on  .Mrs.  T.  \V.  lirennen's  apartments 
on  Tisdale  avenue.   S.    P..  Coon  i<:   Son.  architects:  cost  $20,000. 

l.oN'noN.  O.NT. — Dr.  Hadley  \Villiams.  4ns  Queens  avenue. 
is  erecting  a  residence:  .1.  M.  Aloore  is  the  architect:  tlie  cost 
is  ^in.iMMt.  .Morsaii  X-  Sons,  London,  have  commenced  work  on 
:i    ro.'^idciicc    on    P.roughdale    avenue,    to    cost    $.'').00O. 

OSII.VW.V.  O.NT. — .Vrchitects  Ellis  &  Ellis.  Manning  Cham- 
l.f's.    T  *rontn,    have    prejiared    jtlans    for   a    residence    for   W.    .1. 


Iliirns,  to  cost  $s,(ioo:  W.  ,1.  Trick  &  Co.  have  been  awarded  the 
contraid.  .Vndiltect  Darling  &  Pearson.  2  Leader  lane,  Toronto, 
have  prepared  plans  for  a  residence  for  R.  8.  McLaughlin,  to 
cost  »7B,000:  Dickie  Congtriictlon  Co.,  l>lmlted,  Hyrle  Building, 
Toronto,  have  been  awarded  the  contract. 

OTTAWA,  ONT.— Chas.  .Joyce,  38»  Somerset,  Is  erecting  a 
store  and  apartments  on  Hpadlna  and  Somerset,  at  a  cost  of 
$12,000.  C.  .V.  Bowman,  l(i  MonK  street,  Is  building  a  residence 
In  Itockcllffe  Park:  Mlltson  &  Burgess  are  the  architects;  the 
<osl  Is  $7,000.  H.  Boylan  has  commenced  work  on  alterations 
to  apartments;  the  cost  is  $10,200.  and  W.  H.  (Jeorge,  CaBtle 
Building,  Is  the  architect.  .\.  K.  Thomas,  5.'!  Queen  street,  1b 
erecting  a  residence  on  Sunnyslde  avenue,  to  cost  $5,500.  M.  I". 
l.>avls  Is  building  a  residence  on  Laurlcr  street:  .).  VV.  H.  Wattu, 
Central  (Miambers,  Is  the  architect:  the  cost  Is  estimated  at 
$45,0(10.  A.  10.  I'aquette  Is  ere<tlng  stores  and  apartments  at 
the  corner  of  St.  Patrick  and  Chafiel  streets;  the  estimated 
cost  Is  $12.0(10.  Work  has  been  held  up  on  the  stores  and  ofTlceH 
being  erected  for  .McKlnlcy  ,«  Northwood,  on  Rldeau  street:  J. 
.\.  Ewart.  I'liioii  Hank  lUillding.  is  the  architect;  the  building 
will  cost  $10.(10(1  when  i-ompleted. 

PARRY  SOUND.  ONT.— Wm.  Beatly  C'o.,  Ltd..  have  com- 
menced work  on  a  new  store;  .las.  Thompson.  43  Victoria  street. 
Toronto.  Is  the  architect:  the  cost  is  estimated  at  $10.00(1. 

I'KRDIIK.  SASK.— Work  has  started  on  a  store  at  the  cor- 
ner <if  Celtic  and   Oceanic   streets. 

PORT  STANLEY,  ONT.— I).  A.  Cattanach.  Hlllcrest,  Port 
Stanley,  will  erect  several  summer  cottages,  estimated  to  cost 
about   $10,000. 

RIONFREW,  ONT.— Architect  B.  Kvan  I'arry,  Renfrew,  has 
prepared  plana  for  a  store  and  apartments  on  Raglan  street  for 
John  Mitchell,  lo  cost  $20.(100;  (J.  T.  Moore,  North  Bay,  Onl., 
has  been   awai-ded   the  ccnitract. 

SAR.NI.V,  ONT. —Architect  A.  .M.  Coleman,  corner  of  Corn- 
wall and  Milton  streets,  has  prejiared  plans  for  a  reslrlence  for 
VV.    H.    Stewart   on    London    road,    to  cost  $12,000. 

SCDlirRV.  ONT.  —  MiVVilliam  Ai  .Morguay  are  having  plans 
prepared  for  a  store  and  warehouse  on  101m  street,  lo  cost  $14.- 
000.  1).  F.  Ileiini.s.sey  is  erecting  a  residence,  to  cost  $5,000. 
Work  has  started  on  a  store  and  residence  foi'  .Mr.  Uerman: 
.Martin   Ha.s.sett   is  the  architect:   the  cost  Is  estimated  at  $5,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— .1.  W.  Butcharl.  1  St.  Ives  avenue,  will 
erect  a  residence  for  E.  O.  Burnett,  in  Lawrence  Park,  to  cost 
about  $11.00(1.  .Vrchltect  .1.  C.  ITre,  11(1  Westmount  avenue,  has 
prepared  plans  for  several  residences  on  Millersoii  avenue,  for 
I*;.  T.  .Aiiiier  (t-  .Sons,  work  has  siaricn  on  a  lesioence  lor  .1.  .1. 
.Vllen.  on  Roxboro  drive;  Hynes.  Feldman  iV-  Watson.  105  Bond 
street,  arc  Hie  ari-hitecis;  the  <-osi  Hill  be  about  $12,000.  .1. 
M.  Skellon.  Room  3(1,  33  Ricliinonil  street  west,  is  erecting  a 
lesiue,  ce  at  toe  corner  of  lie.iin  anil  ^\ivin  si. eels.  .vrcntvect 
1>.  C.  Cotton.  ,*.  I  .Vdelaide  sli-eet  cast,  lias  prepared  plans  for  a 
residence  for  .V.  .V.  Kenned.v,  on  (lleii  road,  to  cost  $6,000. 
Architect  VV.  liredin  tialbralth.  Traders  Bank  Building,  is  pre- 
paring plans  for  a  residence  for  W.  R.  Levack.  on  Gothic 
avenue,  to  cost  $10,000.  Geo.  E.  Case,  5(!  Oakwood  avenue,  is 
c>cavating  lor  two  residences  on  oiennonne  avenue,  to  c  st 
$fi,000.  .1.  M  Walkey,  326  Shaw  street,  is  erecting  a  residence 
on  Davenjiort  road,  to  cost  $5,000.  Purton  &  Chennells,  15S 
lOllesworth  avenue,  have  prejiared  plans  for  four  detached  resi- 
dences on  Humewood  avenue,  to  cost  $16,000.  G.  S.  Petrlc,  493 
Dupont  street,  is  excavating  for  a  duplex  residenca  o,  west- 
mount  avenue,  to  cost  $.S,000.  T.  Brest,  129  Roehampton 
avenue,  will  erect  a  duplex  residence  on  Keele  street,  to  cost 
$7,000.  -Vrchitects  S.  B.  Coon  &  Son.  Ryrie  Building,  have  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  residence  on  East  Roxboro  street,  to  cost 
$15,000.  Brown  Brass  and  Copper  Rolling  Mills,  New  Toronto, 
are  erecting  a  boarding  liouse  at  a  cost  of  $14,000;  Henry 
Simpson,  711  Spadlna  avenue,  is  the  architect.  A.  A.  Thompson. 
ss  Warren  road.  Is  erecting  a  residence  on  St.  Clair  w'est:  Ed- 
wards ife  Edwards.  1.S  Toronto  street,  are  the  architects:  the 
c  >st  will  be  $12,000.  Work  will  start  on  a  new  residence  for  Mr. 
IC.  L.  MacLean  in  Ro.sedale;  Burke,  Horwood  &  White,  22ii 
Vonge  street,  are  the  architects;  the  cost  will  be  $15,000.-  .Vrchl- 
tect VV.  Bredln  Galbraith.  Traders  Bank  Building,  is  preparing 
plans  for  a  residence  in  the  High  Park  district,  to  cost  $6,000. 
.Vrchltect  W.  liredin  Galbraith.  Traders  Bank  Building,  is  call- 
ing for  tenders  for  a  residence  on  Indian  road,  to  cost  $6,000. 
.V.  R.  Doherty.  56  St.  .\ndrews  Gardens,  has  commenced  work 
on  a  new  residence  on  St.  .Vndrews  avenue,  to  cost  $7,000.  .1. 
W.  ISutchart.  1  St.  Ives  avenue,  has  commenced  work  on  a 
store  and  residence  at  the  corner  of  Dundas  and  Bloor  streets: 
the  cost  will  be  $6,000.  .Architect  .1.  Varcoe,  11  Oakmount  road, 
has  prepared  plans  for  an  apartment  house  on  -Vshworth  avenue. 
t"  cost  $15  Oiiii.  .Vrehi'ect  C.  s.  CoM).  71  Bay  street,  prepare  i 
the  plans  for  C.  S.  Blackwell's  Tesidence  on  Dunvegan  road, 
which  will  cost  $30,000.  J.  .1.  Vaughan,  32  Summerhill  Gardens, 
is  excavating  for  an  apartment  house,  to  cost  $12,000.  W.  J. 
«r  C.  W.  Callow.  6  Sword  street,  have  prepared  jilans  for  one 
pair  of  semi-detached  residences,  to  cost  $5,000.  H.  H.  'Wil- 
liams *  Co..  3S  King  street  east,  have  taken  out  the  excavation 
for  a  store  and  warehouse  on  Yonge  street,  to  cost  $30,000;  C.  J. 
Gib.son,  51  Vonge  street,  is  the  architect.  Architect  C.  M. 
Willmott.  104  Stibbard  avenue,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  resi- 
dence on  Stibiiard  avenue,  to  cost  $5,000.  Gagnon  &  Cummings, 
23511  Queen  street  east,  are  excavating  for  an  apartment  house 
on  Queen  street  east,  to  cost  $!t.OOO.  J.  W.  Butchart.  Lawrence 
Park,  has  commenced  work  on  two  residences,  to  cost  $12,000. 
Wells  Bros.,  of  Canada,  Ltd.,  06  Gould  street,  were  awarded 
the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  home  on  Bleecker  street  for 
the  •■"■bt.  Simps'^n  Co..  Lta  .  to  cost  $iOO,Oiiii  .\.  A.  Mitcbeii. 
502  Palmerston  boulevard,  is  contemplating  the  erection  of  a 
pair  of   duplex   residences,    to  cost    $14,000. 

WINDSOR,  ONT. — D.  W.  McGregor  is  erecting  a  residence 
on  Victoria  avenue:  J.  C.  Pennington,  La  Belle  Building,  is  the 
architect:  the  cost  will  be  about  $10,000.  Work  has  com- 
menced on  a  store  on  Ouellette  street  for  Geo.  Muir;  J.  R. 
Sculland.  La  Belle  Building,  is  the  architect:  the  cost  is  esti- 
mated   at    $20,000, 


SCHOOLS,    COLLEGES    AND    CHURCHES. 

ANDERSON  TOWNSHIP.  ONT —-Vrchltect  A.  C.  Maillouy. 
Vm^erstburg,  has  prepfea  nltps  for  a  public  school  t"  c' st 
$5,000;  ,Ioseph  Dufour.  132  .Aylmer  avenue,  and  .John  Trombley, 
131  Caron  avenue,  Windsor,  have  been  awarded  the  contract. 

AUBIGNY.  M.VX. — "VA'ork  has  started  on  a  new  school,  to 
cost  $2,500. 


CONSTRUCTION 


363 


I3EAMSV'IL.L.E,  ONT.— Tenders  have  been  received  by  A.  E. 
Hoshal.  rliairman  RuildinR:  Committee,  for  the  erection  of  n 
Uigli  seliool.  to  cost  $2(J.(ino;  \V.  W.  I-achanoe,  Villase  Imi.. 
lirinisby,  Onl,,   Is  the  airlillei-l. 

RBETON,  ONT— Arcliilect  John  Wilson,  CollinKwooil,  (int.. 
lias  prepared  plan.s  for  a  .school,  to  cost   <i2n.(l(l(l, 

I^IF{CIiri,tFFIO.  O.VT.— Arcliiteci  Wrn.  Kra.sor',  :!  I  N'lctoria 
siri'fl.   lias   incpali'il   |ilaiis   for  a   scliool  aililitioii,   to  <Mist    l(;:M,ll(Ml. 

BKAXTFOUD,  O.NT.— John  McUraw  &  Son,  Temple  Cuilil- 
ing.  have  started  work  on  the  excavation  for  a  school,  to  cost 
$20,000. 

BRUCE  MINES.  ONT.— .V.  R.  Wood.  136  Pilgrim  street.  Sault 
Ste.  Marie,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of 
a  school,  to  cost  $30,000:  Thomas  R.  Wilks.  (112  (Jneen  street. 
Sault    Ste.    Marie,    is    the   architect. 

COr.lNTON.  .VIjT.\. — Tenders  have  been  received  for  the 
erection  of  a   school   house. 

EAST  SKI^KIRK.  M.VN.— Tenders  have  been  received  by 
R.  C.  (iouldiiiK:,  secretary-treasurer  Happy  Thought  S.D..  No. 
1,452.  for  the  erection  and  completion  of  a  four-room  stone 
school    building. 

EDMONTON,  ALTA.— Tenders  have  been  received  by  Lac 
La  niche  .School  Board  for  the  erection  of  a  frame  school. 

GALT,  ONT.— Architect  J.  Evans.  30  Water  street.  (Jalt, 
has  prepared  plans  for  a  school  addition,   to  cost  $12,000. 

GUELPH.  ONT.— R.  D.  McNair.  Campbellton.  has  been 
awarded    the    contract    for    the    erection    of    new    school. 

H.VMILTON,  ONT.— Architect  Stewart  Witton.  King  and 
Hughson  streets,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  .school,  to  cost  $40.- 
000.  Architect  F.  W.  Warren.  Bank  of  Hamilton  Building,  has 
prepared  plans  for  a  church,  to  cost  $9,000;  work  has  com- 
menced. The  Park  Baptist  Church.  King  street  west,  is  having 
plans  prepared  for  a  church  on  King  street  west,  to  cost  $10,000. 

KEMPTVILLE.  ONT.— Hon.  J.  S.  Duff.  Minister  of  Agri- 
culture. Toronto,  is  having  plans  prepared  for  an  agricultural 
school  building,  to  cost  $100,000. 

KITCHENER.  ONT.— Architect  A.  W.  Holmes.  10  Bloor 
street  east,  Toronto,  has  )irepared  plana  for  a  church,  to  cost 
$45,000. 

EOUISEVILLE,  QUE.— .\rchitect  Pierre  Eevesque  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  church,  to  cost  $173,000;  Jo.seph  Couture, 
Levis,    Que.,    has   been   awarded    tlie   contract. 

MEDICINE  HAT.  AI/I'A.— Tenders  liave  been  received  for 
the  erection  of  a  two-storey  lour-room  brick  school  building, 
in    the    village    of    lOmpress,    Provin<'e    of    .\lberta. 

MIMICO,  ONT. — Work  has  .started  on  an  addition  to  the  In- 
dustrial School,  to  cost  $5,00U. 

No^TT  CO  VT'COOK  onp.— The  excivqt'on  is  well  •nd  ■:■ 
way  for  the  new  Roman  Catholic  church  which  will  be  built  on 
the  corner  of  Riverdale  and  Glen  streets. 

PEMBROKE.  ONT.— Architect  W.  C.  Keighlev  has  prepared 
plans  for  a  school,  to  cost  $53,000;  H.  P.  Beck,  IS  Woodlawn 
avenue,  Ottawa,  has  been  awarded  the  contract. 

PORT  CREDIT.  ONT.— .\rchitect  D.  C.  Cotton,  54  Adelaide 
street  east,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  school,  to  cost  $20,000;  H. 
T.  Darragh.  161  Close  avenue.  Toronto,  has  been  awarded  the 
contract.  4  ■  '  *  ' 

QUERN  HILL.  ONT.— La  Bcrge  Lumber  Co..  Sudburv,  has 
been  awprderl  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  frame  school 
to  cost  $4,000. 

SIMCOE.  ONT.— Architects  Chapman  &  McGitfin.  95  King 
street  east.  Toronto,  have^ prepared  plans  for  two  schools  to 
cost  $40,000. 

SHERBROOKE,  QUE.— Architect  W.  Gregoire  has  prepared 
nlans  for  the  St.    Rlie  d'Orford   Church. 

ST.  CATHARINES,  ONT.— The  School  Board  has  prepared 
plans  for  a  school  addition,  to  cost  $20,000. 

ST.  JOHN.  .V.B. — .\rchitect  A.  Sincennes.  Moncton.  is  jire- 
paring   plans    for  a    college,    to   cost    $200,000. 

ST.  JOHN.  N.B.— Architect  F.  Neil  Brodie  has  prepared  plans 
for  a  school  to  be  built  on  Bentley  street;  the  contracts  have 
l>een  awarded. 

ST.  THO.MAS,  ONT.— The  Anglican  Church  is  having  plans 
prepared  for  a  church,  to  cost  $10,000, 

SUDBURY,  ONT.— .\rchitect  Victor  L.  Morgan,  Empire 
Building,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  school,  to  cost  $28,000;  Harry 
Evans,  272  College  street,  has  been  awarded  the  contract. 

SWANSEA,  ONT.— Architects  Jeffry  &  Watson,  9A  Welling- 
ton street  east,  Toronto,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  school,  to 
cost  $30,000. 

TIMMINS,  ONT.— Architects  Ellis  &  Ellis,  Manning  Cham- 
bers, Toronto,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  school,  to  cost  $25,000; 
P,  H.  Secord  &  Son.  Brantford,  have  been  awarded  the  contract. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— -Architect  A.  Post  has  prepared  plans 
for  a  school  addition,  to  cost  $7,000;  Wickett  Bros.,  Ltd..  35 
Deer  Park  Crescent,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the 
masonry  work.  Tenders  have  been  received  bv  Architects 
C»rry  &  Sparling.  105  Bond  street,  for  the  erection  of  a  Masonic 
temple,   to  cost   $175,000. 

TWEED.  ONT.— Ellis  &  Ellis.  Manning  Chambers.  Toronto, 
are  receiving  tenders  for  the  erection  of  a  school,  to  cost  $25,000. 

VICTORIA,  B.C. — Tenders  have  been  received  bv  J.  E.  Grif- 
fith, Deputy  Minister  of  I'ublic  Works,  for  the  erection  of  the 
county  line  school.  Tenders  have  also  been  received  for  the 
eic-     on  ■■        sciool  in  t.  e  i  soo.m.ilt  r.iecioral  Kisii  .ct. 

WINNIPEG.  MAN.— Tenders  have  been  received  by  Wm. 
Lawton,  secretary-treasurer,  School  Board,  for  the  erection  of 
Wentworth   School. 


MAY    ADD    FIVE    STORIES. 

The  new  Paris  building  at  the  northwest  cjriier  of  I'ort!ig> 
avenue  aiid  (Jarry  street.  Winnipeg.  .Man.,  will  probably  be  al- 
tered, and  an  additional  five  stories  added.  This  is  one  of  tlie 
handsomest  structures  in  Winnipeg.  L.  Ilaunilrat.  head  of  the 
holding  company  in  I  aris.  France,  discu-ssed  the  matter  with 
his  agents.  Mepsrs.  liingham  and  Drahotuiet.  of  Winnipeg  a  few 
ila.vs  ago.  and  a  member  of  this  firm  stated  that  nothing  defi- 
nite had  been  decided  on.  but  he  did  int  denv  that  the  matlo  ■ 
was  inuler  serious  cfinsider-ation. 


PORT    HOPE    SANITARY    MANUFACTURING    CO. 

Considerable  .satisfaction  is  expressed  in  Iinsinoss  circles  from 
the  fact    llial    llic   Standard    Ideal  Co.,   of   Port   Hope,   wiiich   has 

lieen   in   lliiiiidalion    for  some   inonllis.    has  I n    iiurchasi'd    by  a 

strong    ( paiiy,    which    will    cari\    on    the    business    in    a    p'ro- 

gressivo  inanncr.  Tlie  new  <'(nii|iaiiv  has  been  inciirporati'il 
under  the  iiaine  of  flic  I'l.it  Hope  Saiiilarv  .Maiililaclnring  Com- 
pany, with  Iliad  ollic-  a(  Hllll  Royal  Kaiil;  Building.  Toronto. 
'I'lie  new  company  is  capitalizod  at  $l.2r.ii.iiiiii  ■riic  ilircciors 
include    L.    M.    Wood,    president;    R.    .1.    Cluff,    president    of    the 


FRED    ARMSTRONG 
General  Manager,  Port  Hope  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Co. 

Ilritixfi   and  Colonial  Prefix. 

Cluff  Manufacturing  Co.,  vice-president;  W.  J.  Cluff,  president 
Canada  Pipe  and  Steel  Co,;  W.  D.  Ross,  vice-president  Nova 
Scotia  Steel  Co.;  M.  L.  Davies.  vice-president  Standard  Chemi- 
cal Co.,  directors,  with  Fred  Armstrong  as  managing  director 
and  general  manager.  With  such  a  strong  boai'd.  and  in  sucli 
efficient  management,  a  bright  future  for  this  company  is  as- 
sured. Mr.  Fred  .Armstrong  has  resigned  from  active  connec- 
tion with  Fred  .-Vrmstrong  Co.,  Ltd..  whicli  will  in  future  be 
managed   by  Mr.   Wm.    Armstrong. 


TECHNICAL    SOCIETIES. 

ALBERTA  ASSOCIATION  (JF  .VRCHITFICTS.- President. 
Jas.  A.  Henderson.  F.R.I.B..\.,  Edmonton;  Hon.  Secretary.  W.  V. 
Cromarty.    lOdmonton. 

ARCHITECTURAL  INSTITUTE  OF  BRITISH  COLU.MBIA. 
—  President,  R.  Mackay  Fripp;  Secretary.  Fred  L.  Townley,  325 
Homer  St..   Vancouver,  B.C. 

CANADIAN  CEMENT  AND  CONCRETE  ASSOCI.VTION.— 
P'esident.  Peter  C-niespie,  T""onto,  O-^t.  •  Secretary-Treasurer. 
Wm.  Snaith,  The  Thor  Iron  Works,   Toronto,  Ont. 

CANADI.VN  CLAY  PRODUCTS'  MANUFACTURERS'  AS- 
SOCIATION.—President,  J.  E.  Frid.  Hamilton;  Secretary-Treas- 
urer.  G.  C.  Keith.   Toronto. 

CANADI.VN  ELECTRICAL  ASSOCL\TION.— President.  Coi. 
D  R.  Street.  Ottawa;  Secretary,  .Man  Sullivan,  Confederation 
Life  Building,  'Toronto. 

CANADIA.N  FORESTRY  ASSOCIATION,— President.  William 
l^ower.  M.P. ;  Secretary.  James  L-.'w'er,  Jou'nal  Building,  Ott"wa. 

CANADIAN  GAS  ASSOCL\.TION.— President.  J.  P.  King. 
Stratford.  Ont.;  Secretary-Treasurer,  Geo.  W.  .Mien.  19  Toronto 
St..   Toronto,   Ont. 

CAN.SDIAN  INDEPENDENT  TELEPHONE  ASSOCIATION 
— President,  W.  Doan,  M.D.,  Harrietsville  Diit.:  Secretary- 
Treasurer,  Francis  Dagger.  21   Richmond  St.  A\'est,  Torfmto. 

CANADIAN  INSTITUTE.— 198  College  St.,  Toronto.  Presi- 
dent, J.    B.   Tyrrell;   Secretary,   Mr.  J.   I'atterson. 

C.\N.\DIAN  NATION.VL  .\SSOCL\TION  OF  BUILDERS' 
EXCHANCrRS.— Western  Section— President.  C.  R,  Frost,  809 
Se<'ond  St.,  iC[linonton.  .\lta.;  .Secretary-Treasurer,  .\.  M.  Frith. 
294  ]vicDo"a*'ill  .Vve  W'»inine"'.  I'^nstern  Section — President  Ceo, 
Gander.  Toronto;  Secretary-Treasurer,  P.  I>.  Eraser,  Builders' 
i*:\<'hange.  Toronto. 

<'.\,X.M>I.\N    SOCIETY    OF   CIVIL    EN'Gl .VIOERS.— President. 


My4 


CONSTRUCTION 


I'rot.  C.  H.  McLiuod,  Muiit- 
PifcNldeiit,   A.  C.   Nobb»; 


U.  II,  DuKgitn,  Moiitreul;  HucroUiry, 
real. 
T^ONDON  BriLDEUS-  EXCHANrji:, 

Secretary-Trensurer,  V.  S.   Barclay. 

ONTAKIO  ASSOCIATION  BUILDERS'  EXCHANGE.— Presl- 
ilfiit,  T.  K.  WriKht.  London,  Ont.:  l8t  Vlce-Pres.,  C.  T.  Pearge. 
Hamilton:  2rid  Vlc-c-Pres.,  A.  ToniUnson,  Chatham;  Treasurer. 
Ueo.  Oakley,  Jr.,  Toronto;  Secretary,  .\.  E.  Flower,  Toronto. 

MANITOBA  ASSOCIATION  1>F  AKCHITECTS.— Pre»ldent. 
Col.  J.  I!.  .Mitchell.  WlnnlpeK;  Hecretary-TreaHurer,  R.  O.  Han- 
ford. 

MONTRKAL  HflLOKHS'  K-XCHANQE.— PreBldent,  ,John 
i.'ulnlan;  Secretary.   1).   K.  Trotter. 

ONTARIO  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.— President,  C. 
H.  Acton  IWnd,  Toronto;  TreaBurer,  J.  1".  Hynea.  Toronto;  Sec- 
retary, R.  L.  WolBey,  Toronto. 

PROVINCK  OK  (^CBHEC  ASSOCIATION  OK  ARCHITECTS. 
— I>reHldent  E.  H.  Stavelev,  guebec;  Treasurer,  N.  MacVlcar, 
.Montreal;  Secretary,  ,1.  Kmlle  Vanler.  5  Beaver  Hall  Square, 
.Montreal. 

OriOHKC  liriLDERS'  KXCHANC.K.-- PreBldent,  J.  A.  Marl- 
ur;  Secretary -TreaHUi'er,    .\lf.   Cole. 

ROYAL  .XRl'HITKCTCRAL  INSTITPTB  OF  CANADA.— 
I'realilent.  II.  C.  Uii»«ell  WlnnlpeK.  Man.:  Hon.  Secretary,  .Mclde 
Chausae,   No.   ,1   Heaver   Hall   Square,    .Montreal,   Que. 

SA.SKATCHKW.V.V  .VSSOClATlO.N  OK  .\t:CH  ITECTS.-- 
I  resilient,  \V.  (5.  Van  KKmond,  ReKlna:  Vice-Presidents,  A.  fi. 
CrelKliton  Prime  .Mbert:  It.  M.  Thompson,  Saskatoon:  Secre- 
tary-Treasurer. F.  W.  Knighl,  care  of  Stjrey  &  Van  Egmond. 
Regina.  Council — Prof.  .\.  K.  (irelK.  Saskatoon;  R.  c).  Bunyard. 
.Moose  Jaw;  H.  Cooper.  .Saskatoon. 

SOC'IBTV  OI^  CHE.MIC.VL  INDUSTRY.— Wallace  P.  Cohoe. 
Chairman:   Alfred   Burton.   Toronto.  Secretary. 

TECHNICS!.  SiKMhrry  OF  PETERBOROUGH.— Bank  of 
Cnnmerce  Building.  I'eterliorouKh.  President.  M.  C.  Mills,  P.O. 
Box  !»!t.'i,  I'eterborouKli,  Onl. 

ToRO.N'TO  HUILDKRS'  lOXCIl.VNGE.— President.  S.  K. 
HuKhes:  .Secretary,  A.  K.  Flower. 

UNION  OF  CANADIA.N'  .MUNICIPALITIES.— President.  T. 
L  Church.  Mavor  of  Toronto.  Ont.;  Hon.  Secretary-Treasurer. 
W.  D.  LiKhihali.  K.C..  ex-Mayor  of  Wcstmount:  .\ssl.  Secretary. 
(!.  .S.   Wilson,  roristlne  BuildlnK,  .Montreal. 

CONTRACTORSand  SUB-CONTRACTORS 

As  Supplied  by  The  Architects  of  Building 
Featured  iu  This  Usuc 
Provincial  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Whitby,  Ont.: 
.\rc-hltect.  .lames  (,Jo\'an. 
.\ssisianl    .\rchitect.    A.    B.    C.    .NIcol. 
F.ng.neers.    McMullen.    Riley   i-    Durley. 
lirick,    1  rovin^^ial  (iovernment   Clay    plant. 
Bnw  Oft  Tank,  Jencks  Machine  Co. 
Hollers.   Colclle  &    McCuhoch  Co..    Ltd. 
Boiler  Feed    I'limii,    Hawden    .Machine  Co.,  Ltd. 
Carpets  an<l   Kuks.   Robert   Simpson  Co.,   l.,td. 
Casements    ami    Winnow    Construction,    also   doors    and    window 

trim,    rrovinclal   I{etormat>ry,    CiUelpb. 
I'oncrete  Chimney.   Ceneral  Concrete  Cnnstru?tlon  Co. 
i"oniretc    Work,    i'rovim-.al  (Iovernment. 
("nine,  .lohri  T.    llcpliurii.    I. Id. 

Coal   llandlioK'  .\pparatus,   Canadian   Link   Belt  Co.,  I>td. 
<"ement.    Canada   Cement    Co..    Ltd..    -Vatlonal    Portland    Cement 

Co..  !.t<: 

lOleciric    Fixtures.    McDonald    \-    Willson.    Ltd..   (ieo.    J.    P.eattie. 

W.   E.   l>;ilon  Co..   Ltd. 
l-:iectrlc    WirlnK.    Klectric:il    I'ittinus  IV...    Hd..    .N'orthern   lOlectric 

Co..   Ltd. 
Klectrical    I  Ustiilmtion   .System,    .Northern   Electric  Co..   Ltd. 
KxpanfMMl    .Mclal.    Steel    and    Hadiation.    Ltd. 
Fire  Doors,  .\.   1!.  Oinisliy  Co..  Ltd..  and  W.  E.   Dillon  Co.,  Ltd. 
Fire   Hose.   I>iinl'jp  Tire  anil   Rubber  (loods  Co.,   Ltd. 
I'eed    Water   Heater.   Canadian  (Irisconi    Russell  (V>..    Ltd. 
Ferro    Dovetail.    Pedlar    Peo)>le.    Lt.l. 
Flooring.  Provincial  Clay  I'lant  Tile. 
i'itllnKK.    Tavloi-    P\.rl>es.    K.    I'.iKlev    Mlj;.    Co..    Ltd..    I'"miI    .Mni- 

stniiiK  Co..   Ltd. 
l-'ui-niture.   Ontario   Reformator.\'.   Oiielph.    Ont. 
(ilass.   PilkioKton   Hros.,    Ltd.,  Consolidated   Plate  (.Jlass  Co..   Ltd. 
Hoists  and    Dumbwaitel's,    Roelofson    I01evat'>r   Works.    Ltd. 
Hardware.    Belleville    Hardware   Co..    Ltd. 
Ileal    UeKulatin^'   .system,    .lohnstfm    Temperature    Ite^nlator   Co, 

of  Canada. 
ifeatinK   S\stem.    r.    .\.    Inmliam    Co..    Ltd. 
Interior    Fittin.L?s.    Cabinets  and    Wood    Work.    Ontarh*    Ueforma- 

tory.   Ouelph. 
Inter- Phone  S;.'stem.    Northern   Klectric  Co.,  Ltd. 
Kitchen    Utensils  an  1    Kiiuipment.   Gnrne\'   Foundr.v   t^o..    Ltd. 
Linoleum.    Rohert   .Simpson  Co..    Ltd. 
.Metal    Latli.    Pedlar   I pie.   Ltd..  i;.-ilt    .\rt    .Metal  Co..    Ltd..   Steel 

&    Radiation,    Ltd. 
I'aints.  Martin  Senour  Co..    Ltd. 
Packinji.   liarloek    I'aekinn   Co..    Ltd. 
I  lun'.hinK,    Fred    .\rmslronK  Co..   Ltd. 
Pipe,   I'aKe   it    Hersey.   R.    Higley   Mfj;.   Co..    Ltd. 
Iipe  Conduit.    Ric-Wil   I'nd^ipround    Pipe  Covering  Co. 
1  ipe  Covering.  .\rmstronK  Cork  Co..   Ltd..   H.  W.  .lohns-.MariviUc 

Co..   Philir^  Care.v. 
Power    .Machiner.\-.    .lobn    Ini^lis.    Lt<l..    Smart    Turner    Co..    Ltd.. 

Store\-   Pump  and    l•^pllpment  Co..   Ltd. 
Refristerators,   .lihn    Hillock   c>i    Co.,    Ltd. 

RefriKeratinn  I'i'iiiipinent.  .Madison  Coojier  (;ravit.\-  Brine  .System 
RefrlKeralion   Insulation.   Robin.son   linis.  Cork  C  >..  Ltd. 
r-einforcements.    Baines   i*t    Peckover.    Pc^'ar  People.    Ltd. 
Radiators.    Cuiney    Foundrx-    Co..    Ltd..    Steel    &    Radiation.    Do- 
minion  Radiator  C-i..  Ltd..  Taylor  Forbes.    Ltd. 
Radiator    Valves.    Iiole. 

ReoHiiK.   Provincial  Oovernment  Clay  Ilant  Tile. 
.•-VreepK.    WaLson.    Lid. 
Structural  Iron  and  Steel.   Hamilton    IhidRe  Co..    Li.l.     Dominion 

Hri'io'e  Co..  Ltd. 
Tile  Wall.  C.  W.   Heal. 

Tile    Fleor.    Pr<»vincial    Covernment    Cla\-    Plant. 
Terra   Cttn,    I'vovineial   i;lav   Plant. 


\arnish,   Maiiin  Senour  Co..   Ltd.,  James  Laiigmulr  &  Co.    Ltd. 

Vent.latlnK  Dnct  System,  W.  E.  Dillon  Co..  Ltd. 

Ventilating  KauB,  Canadian  Sirocco,  Ltd..  Canadian  Buffalo 
Forge  Co.,  Ltd. 

Contractors— General.  All  work  carried  on  by  Assistant  Pro- 
vincial Secretary. 


CIRCULATION  REPRESENTATIVE 

We  have  an  opening  for  a  good  live  travelling  Circulation 
Repreeentative  to  call  on  the  Architects,  Engineers  and 
Contractors  throughout  Canada,  Salary  and  Commission. 
Address  CIRCULATION   MANAGER.  "CONSTRUCTION  " 


NEW  C.N.R.  TERMINAL  AT  MONTREAL 

Work  will  be  commenced  next  month  on  the  new  terminal 
station  of  the  (;.  N.  R.  at  Montreal,  and,  according  to  Sir  Donald 
.Mann,  vice-president  of  the  company,  trains  will  be  running 
through   the  terminal  about  the  first  of  May  next  year. 

NEW  THEATRE  FOR  VANCOUVER. 

The  contract  for  the  new  Pantages  Theatre  on  Hastings 
street,  Vancouver.  B.C.,  has  been  awaroed  to  Skene  and  Chnstle 
a  local  firm  of  contractors.  The  cost  of  the  terra-cotta  work 
alone  is  estimated  at  IKHi.OOO.  The  entire  cost  fif  the  new- 
theatre  will  be  In  the  neighborhood  of  $.10(1,0(10. 

ACTIVITY    IN    WEST. 

Several  small  buildings  and  warehouses  are  now  In  course  of 
erection  In  Winnipeg.  The  Strand  Theatre  is  making  altera- 
tions at  a  cost  of  ♦10.000.  The  (Jueen's  Hotel  is  spending  $iO.00i^ 
in  alterations  to  its  premises,  'ihe  Ashdown  Company  Is  erect- 
ing a  stnble.  warehouse  and  garage  on  James  street  at  a  cost  of 
.<2fi.o0o. 

NEW    INDUSTRY   FOR   CANADA. 

.Mrangements  are  now  being  made  to  establish  a  sjda  lii- 
dustiy  at  .\mnerstliurg,  Ont.  .\  suitable  site  has  been  selected 
near  the  limestone  quarries.  Anderson  township,  by  the  hoival 
Process  Company,  oi  .Syracuse,  N.  V..  and  an  issue  of  $.«oo.00U 
slock  has  been  made  to  provide  funds  for  building  and  equip- 
ping of  the  new  plant. 

NEW    HOMES   FOR   SOLDIERS. 

(.'apt.  .Synions,  architect  of  the  .Military  Ho-sjiital  Commission. 
Is  now  at  work  on  the  plans  for  alterations  lo  the  Elmhurst 
Convalescent  Home,  and  the  Mowat  Memorial  Military  nospi^al 
at  Kingston.  Ont.  Capl.  Symons  is  wed  known  to  the  archl- 
tecls  ol  (Canada  as  a  moat  able  and  efticienl  Designer.  He  de- 
signed two  of  the  gueen'a  University  buildings,  which  are  a 
.standing  tribute  to  his  ability. 

WINTER   QUARTERS    FOR    SOLDIERS. 

Many  of  the  battalions  which  have  been  summering  at  Camp 
Borden  are  now  preparing  lor  their  winter  quarters.  At  Ham- 
ilton a  contract  has  just  oeen  awarded  by  the  city  lor  the  elec- 
tion of  bunk  houses  and  other  buluilngs  to  house  the  soldiers 
over  the  winter.  The.se  bulluings  are  now  in  course  of  erection, 
and  will  cost  over  J.'iO.OOO.  .Niagara  Falls  is  al.so  failing  In  line, 
and  has  commenced  active  bullaing  operations  on  several  bunk 
houses  for  the  I'fith  Battalion;  the  estimated  cost  is  about 
$S,000.  .Several  large  schools  in  Toronto  have  been  turned  over 
to  the  soldiers  for  the  winter  months,  and  the  necessar.v  altera- 
tions are  now  In  progress.  The  Exhibition  authorliies  have 
turned  over  several  of  their  buildings  to  the  soldiers,  and  the>' 
are  now  being  fitted   up  as  winter  quarters. 


Catalogues,  Etc. 


Kawneer  Store  Fronts. — Roosting  Business  is  the  title  to  an 
interesting  and  attractive  booklet  that  has  just  been  published 
by  the  Kawneer  Manufacturing  Co.  It  shows  in  an  illustrated 
and  descriptive  way  how  the  demand  for  serviceable  and  attrac- 
tive store  fronts  has  i>een  met  and  how  many  advantages,  both 
structural  and  commercial  have  been  incorporated  Iji  these 
fronts. 

The  McAlear  System. — This  book  contains  in  detail  a  com- 
plete ileserijitioii  of  the  .Mc.Vlear  System  and  apjillances  and  is 
al.so  an  authoritative  text  book  on  the  Science  of  Steam  Heating 
lor  all  classes  of  buildings.  The  many  phases  of  vacuum  anu 
vapor  iieat.ng  are  well  covered.  The  .\rthur  S.  Leltch  Co..  Kent 
Building.  Toronto,  are  Canadian  representatives  an(]  from  whom 
this  book   may  be  obtained. 

.Stanley  Oarage  Hardware  is  the  title  of  a  booklet  just  pub- 
lished by  the  .Stanley  Works  at  New  Britain.  Conn.,  illustrating 
iiid  describing  a  new  line  of  builders'  hardware,  especially 
lesigned  for  garage  use.  The  line  includes  garage  door  holdei*. 
,'arage  hinges,  garage  door"T>olts,  and  garage  door  latches  and 
lulls.  Valuable  information  for  architects  and  suggestions 
designed  to  help  in  specifying  garage  hardware  are  contained  in 
his  hookUd.  a  copy  of  which  may  be  had  on  retjuest. 

Kieley  &  Mueller  Specialties — .\  catalogue  superseding  all 
jireviou.s  issues  has  been  p.inlished.  It  gives  a  c^.iipre.ieiisive 
description  of  the  Klele.v  line,  setting  forth  by  statements,  cuts 
and  Illustrations  the  different  specialties  and  the  .services  for 
which  they  are  suitalile.  It  Invites  the  attention  and  considera- 
tion of  all  architects,  engineers  and  contractors  as  to  the  values 
ind  advantages  of  Kieley  specialties.  The  Canadian  representa- 
tives. .\rthur  S.  l.,eitch  Company,  Toronto,  will  forward  this 
catalogue   upon  retpiest. 

Protecting  and  Decorating  Brick  and  Concrete  Buildings. — 
The  Martin-Senour  Co..  Ltd..  producers  of  paints  and  varnishes, 
have  issued  an  illustrated  and  very  descriptive  book  on  their 
Concre-tone.  Owing  to  the  attention  that  cement  is  claiming 
as  a  building  material,  the  protection  of  the  surface  Is  Import- 
ant. What  Concre-tone  will  do.  and  how  to  use  it.  is  amply 
described  in  this  book.  -\  color  card  is  enclosed  with  the 
book,  giving  the  colors  that  may  be  had  for  interior,  extwior 
and  floor  dressinc.  Copies  may  be  had  from  Martin-Senour  Co.. 
.Montreal. 


^ 


November,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  11 


CONTENTS 

THE    SMALLER     BRANCH     DANK     BUILDING     367 

HOTEL    PALLISER,    CALGARY,    ALTA 383 

EDITORIAL      390 

Definite      Cpecifyiiig Educating:      the      Puhlic Assisting      the 

Relinned    Soldier Competition    Re-opened. 

MODERN    PRACTICE    IN    THE    DESIGN    OF    BANK    VAULTS    392 

CONSTRUCTION     NEWS 394 

Full    Page    Illustrations 

DETAILED   VIEW    IN    DINING    ROOM.    HOTEL    PALLISER,   CALGARY,    ALTA. 

Frontispiece 

HOTEL   PALLISER.  CALGARY.   ALTA 382 


H.    GAGNIER,    Limited,    Publishers 

(■tR.^PHIC  .\RTS  BI.DG.,  TORONTO,  CANAI).'\ 

BRANCH  OFFICES 

MONTREAL  NEW  YORK 


V,'i',i',i   i.i.i.i    I.I.I 


{CiS£iSiQ 


DKTAII.KD   VIKW    1 X    DINING    i!(M)M.    HOTKI.    PAI.LISKR,   CALGARY,   ALTA. 


E.    &    W.    S.    MAXWELL,    ARCHITECTS. 


The  Smaller  Branch  Bank  Building 

By  Philip  J.   Turner,  F.R.I.B.A., 

Architect,  of  Montreal,  and  Lecturer,  Department  of  Architecture,  McGill  University. 


THE  excellent  system  of  our  Canadian  bank- 
ing institutions  is  recognized  as  having 
played  a  great  part  in  the  steady  progress  and 
strong  financial  position  of  the  Dominion  at  the 
present  time.  By  encouraging  the  people  to  de- 
posit their  savings,  however  small,  by  loaning 
money  on  all 
sound  enter- 
prises, and 
discouraging 
anything  o  f 
the  nature  of 
what  may  be 
termed  wild 
cat  schemes, 
tlie  banks  by 
adopting  a 
conservative 
a  li  d  strong 
policy  have 
had  a  steady- 
ing eiTect  on 
the  people  in 
periods  o  f 
great  pros- 
perity, as  al- 
so in  times  of 
financial  de- 
pression. 

The  busi- 
ness of  the 
banks  has 
only  been 
possible  b  y 
the  building 
up  of  a  great 
number  o  f 
branch  offices 
all  over  the 
D  0  m  i  n  ion. 
These  now 
amount  to  a 
grand  total 
of  3,170  (with 
22  additional 
in  Newfound- 
land), repre- 
senting in  round  figures  probably  one  office  to 
every  2,600  inhabitants.  One  realizes  the  growth 
of  these  institutions  in  comparing  these  figures 


DETAIL   OF    FRONT    ENTRANCE,  THE    MOLSONS   BANK,  ST.    LAWRENCE  AND   OXTAKK 

TURNER    &    CARLESS,    ARCHITECTS. 


with  those  of  ten  years  ago.  In  1906  the  num- 
ber of  branches  amounted  to  1,565,  or  half  as 
many  as  at  the  present  time,  and  at  the  be- 
ginning of  this  century  the  number  stood  at  619 
only  for  the  wliole  Dominion.  The  enterprise 
of  the  22  chartered  banks  of  the  Dominion  is 

shown  when- 
e  ve  r  and 
wherever  an 
o  p  |;)ortunity 
for  obtaining 
g  o  o  d  busi- 
ness offers, 
by  the  open- 
i  n  g  of  a 
branch  office 
amongst  a 
J)  r  o  s  perous 
com  munity, 
be  it  a  thrifty 
settlement  of 
farmers,  a 
m  a  nufactur- 
ing  district, 
or  a  military 
camp. 

In  a  grow- 
ing town 
which  may  be 
passing 
through  lit- 
tle more  than 
its  pioneer 
stage,  the 
name  of  one 
of  the  char- 
tered banks 
of  Canada, 
displayed  on 
a  building, 
however 
small  or  in- 
significant, in 
its  first 
branch,  gives 
at  once  an 
impression  of 
solidity  to  the  district,  and  also  impresses  with 
a  feeling  of  confidence  the  hard-working  com- 
munity in  whose  centre  office  has  been  placed. 


-•I'laOHT.-^,    .MllXTKEAL. 


367 


M» 


CONSTRUCTION 


IINTATilO    STRKET    Kl.KVATH 


THK     Mcl.SU.NS    BA.SK,   ST.    LAWKKNlE    AND    ONTARIO    Sjlii-.I-.IS, 
TI-RNER    &    CARLESS,    ARCHITECTS. 


The  Canadian  bankinf>'  system  is  difTerent 
from  tliat  of  the  Tiiited  States  in  tliat  tlie  ad- 
ministrative work  is  carried  out  from  (me  cen- 
tral head  office,  having-  a  hirge  number  of  branch 
offices  scattered  ail  over  the  Dominion.  Across 
the  l)or(lei-  are  found  a  much  larger  number  of 
main  offices,  but  under  ditferent  executives,  and 
with  no  hrancli  offices,  the  whole  work  of  each 
bank  being  generally  concentrated  in  the  one 
building.  This  difTerent  method  in  the  carrying 
on  of  business  gives  the  i)lans  of  the  offices  of 
the  two  countries  a  decided  type  of  their  own. 

The  buildings  in  which  modern  banks  are 
housed  take  their  ins])iration  for  the  most  part 
from  classic  architecture. 

Althougli  ingenuity  has  been  exliausted  in 
trying  other  so-called  tyi)es,  with  few  excep- 
tions, Kenaissance  is  the  influence  from  which 
we  in  Canada  have  not  yet  found  it  ])ossible  to 
emancipate  ourselves  to  any  degree. 

Our  chartered  banks  which  have  branch  of- 
fices running  into  the  hundreds  have  adopted 
the  policy,  as  a  rule,  of  erecting  buildings  of  the 


very  best  type,  and  in  our  more  important  cities 
have  spent  large  sums  of  money  on  their  ]iro- 
l)erties.  Probably  no  institutions  in  the  Domin- 
ion in  consequence  have  encouraged  the  build- 
ing trade  to  a  greater  extent,  or  set  a  better 
standard  of  architecture. 

A  few  of  the  larger  banks  naturally  find  that 
the  building  of  so  many  offices  locks  up  a  great 
deal  of  capital,  and  have  formed,  in  conseipience, 
separate  real  estate  compa,nies  for  the  exclusive 
purpose  of  erecting  buildings  for  the  use  of  the 
bank;  the  bank  on  its  part  paying  as  rent  the 
interest  on  the  bonds  of  the  company,  and  pro- 
viding a  sinking  fund  for  the  paying  off  of  the 
bonds  when  they  fall  due.  Whatever  the  method 
of  paying  for  the  buildings,  and  the  former 
method  is  the  exception  rather  than  the  rule, 
the  modern  banking  directorate,  being  business 
men  of  recognized  ability,  naturally  realize  that 
it  is  a  foolish  policy,  and  poor  business  as  well, 
to  spend  large  sums  of  money  on  small  offices  in 
our  smaller  or  younger  towns,  especially  when 
it  cannot  be  ascertained  with  any  certainty  if 


CONSTRUCTION 


369 


the  business  of  tlie  future  will  insure  the  bank 
niakin<»'  such  an  office  a  permanent  one.  The 
business  of  such  localities  does  not  justify  un- 
necessary expense,  and  the  problem  before  the 
architect,  therefore,  is  to  design  an  office  of 
tirst-class  construction,  and  at  the  same  time 
keeping  the  cost  at  a  low  or  reasonable  figure. 

After  the  question  of  general  external  ap- 
pearance has  been  disposed  of,  the  most  im- 
portant matter  of  planning  and  general  concep- 
tion of  the  problem  presents  a  baffling  variety 
of  solutions,  especially  in  the  States,  where  no 
one  bank  seems  to  be  planned  in  its  details  like 
any  other. 

The  design  of  a  banking  office  is  an  important 
factor  to  its  success,  and  the  general  effect 
must  be  imposing,  and  at  the  same  time  of 
dig-nified  simplicity.  It  should  give  'the  de- 
positor the  impression  that  it  is  a  safe  place  in 
which  to  leave  his  money  and  valuables.  The 
moral  effect  of  a  dignified  structure  which 
leaves  no  doubt  of  its  jiurpose  is  a  fact  well 
recognized  in  business,  and  banking  is  no  ex- 
ception to  the  rule.  The  name  of  the  bank  should 
be  always  displayed  in  bold  letters  on  the  front 
of  the  building.  The  letters  should  either  be 
cut  in  stone  on  the  main  frieze,  or  when  made  of 


SCAiL    !h  INCH  -  1   FOOT 


■y&ur     y^aae     /S-fcy  - 


•  ^5e»*cj     Aax^     Aa/y  • 


'  -ilcis^fii^r      /k.w  • 


PLANS,  THE   MOLSONS   BANK,   MONTREAL,  QUE. 


ST.    LAWRENCE    STREET    ELEVATION,    THE    MOLSONS    BANK,     MONTREAL. 

bronze  or  other  permanent  material,  should  be 
affixed  on  some  prominent  position.  Provision 
should  also  be  made  for  suitable  places  near  the 
entrance  on  which  to  display  the  customary 
brass  or  bronze  tablets  of  the  bank. 

Most  progress  in  bank  design  has  undoubted- 
ly been  made  in  what  may  be  called  the  ma- 
chinery of  the  banking  business,  the  special 
equipment  of  the  building.  In  a  banking  room 
matters  of  prime  importance  are  the  compact- 
ness, convenient  accessibility  of  its  furniture, 
and  the  system  of  handling  the  documents  and 
cash.  In  the  conduct  of  business  the  utmost 
simplicity  and  method  must  be  observed. 

Bearing  these  general  matters  in  mind,  the 
following  details  may  be  mentioned. 

Natural  Lighting.— Good  light  is  one  of  the 
most  important  requirements  in  a  satisfactory 
office,  and  it  is  desirable  that  the  officers  of  the 
bank  should  have  the  preference  over  the  public 
in  this  respect.  For  this  reason  it  is  best,  when 
it  can  be  arranged,  to  plan  the  office  so  that  the 
light  from  the  windows  falls  on  the  backs  of  the 
staff  when  standing  at  their  desks  and  in  the 
faces  of  the  customers.  Windows  should  be  kept 
high  up  above  the  floor,  so  that  desks  can  be 
placed  under  them,  and  the  lower  sashes  as  a 
rule  are  made  not  to  open,  for  better  protection, 
and  for  the  avoidance  of  papers  being  scattered 
with  the  wind. 


370 


CONSTRUCTION 


j~"-]j;^^gy"^^^;^#fej:^;r^f:g I II  r 


Artificial  Liglding.—As  a  general  rule  elec- 
tric light  brackets  about  eight  feet  six  inches  to 
nine  feet  above  the  floor  are  to  be  preferred  to 
oeiling  lights  in  the  banking;  room.     In  either 


case  such  lighting  is  only  sufficient  for  general 
illumination,  and  to  obtain  efficient  lighting  for 
the  staff  each  desk  should  be  provided  with  an 


individual  light. 


/^z-J/oLxw^  3^^^  Ov^^sAD  ^  ^'Z^mZMZ  ^7S£z:7:?. 


'»—*?£?» 


CONSTRUCTION 


371 


Entrance.— The  entrance  to  the  office  should 
naturally  be  imposing  and  on  a  large  scale.  The 
floor  of  the  office  should  be  kept  conveniently 
close  to  the  sidewalk,  so  that  a  flight  of  stei)s  at 
the  entrance  may  be  avoided.  When  a  buildinu 
is  placed  at  the  junction  of  two  streets,  the  main 
entrance  must  be  placed  on  the  principal  street. 
If  the  two  streets  are  of  equal  importance,  an 
entrance  on  the  corner  will  probably  be  de- 
manded. Entrances  on  the  angle,  however,  as  a 
rule  do  not  provide  an  economical  plan.  On 
narrow  corner  sites  a  centre  entrance  seldom 
provides  the  best  plan,  and  a  better  result  may 
be  obtained  by  placing  the  entrance  to  one  side. 


more  attractive  than  solid  doors;  they  also  give 
strangers  an  opportunity  at  once  to  recognize 
the  building  as  a  bank,  and  also  at  night  give  ad- 
ditional security  to  the  office. 

Manager's  Office.— This  should  be  always 
placed  near  the  entrance,  especially  in  the  coun- 
try office,  where  it  is  part  of  the  manager's  busi- 
ness to  interest  himself  in,  and  to  make  himself 
friendly  with  his  customers.  On  a  corner  site 
of  the  smaller  type  it  is  well  to  place  the  office 
on  the  external  angle  of  the  building,  and  to 
keep  the  windows  reasonably  low,  so  that  the 
manager  can  have  a  view  of  both  streets.  A 
mistake  is  often  made  in  giving  the  manager  too 


INTERIOR   OP  BANKING  ROOM   FROM    ENTRANCE,  THE   MOLSONS  BANK,    MONTREAL,  QUE. 


TURNER    &    CARLESS,    ARCHITECTS. 


An  exanijile  of  this  is  seen  in  the  Port  Arthur 
office.  From  the  point  of  view  of  design  a  more 
pleasing  facade  could  have  been  obtained  if  the 
entrance  had  been  placed  in  the  centre,  but  be- 
ing to  one  side  the  better  plan  was  evolved.  The 
office  on  St.  Lawrence  and  Ontario  streets  shows 
the  entrance  on  the  corner  of  the  site,  both 
streets  being  of  equal  importance,  the  inner 
doors  are  situated  to  one  side  of  the  vestibule 
to  obtain  the  best  use  of  the  floor  space  inside. 
Preference  is  given  to  the  entrance  doors  being 
designed  with  full  length  glass  panels,  protected 
by  metal  grilles  on  the  outside.    Such  doors  are 


small  an  office.  A  room  ten  feet  square,  or  about 
twelve  by  ten,  should  be  the  minimum.  This 
private  office  should  also  be  closed  in  at  the  top, 
whether  the  screen  to  it  is  carried  up  to  the 
banking  room  ceiling  or  not. 

The  conversations  a  manager  has  with  his 
customers  should  not  be  overheard,  either  by 
the  staff  or  the  public,  in  the  office.  The  man- 
ager's office  should  always  be  directly  connected 
with  the  staff's  working  space  behind  the  count- 
er, and  so  placed  in  reference  to  the  public  space 
that  he  can  overlook  everything  that  is  going  on. 

Vault.— The  vault  should  be  placed,  if  pos- 


CONSTRUCTION 


sible,  where  the  door  can  be  seen  from  the 
street,  and  also  convenient  to  tlie  bank  tellers. 
It  is  best  not  to  place  it  directly  af!:ainst  a  i)arty 
wall  or  adjoining  a  dark  lane  or  yard,  for  fear 
it  niiffht  be  tampered  with  by  any  l)adly  dis- 
l)osed  person.  Whereas  vanlts  in  our  large 
cities  are  very  elaborately  and  expensively  con- 
structed, the  smaller  ones  in  the  country  are 
not  as  a  rule  steel  lined,  the  cash  being  kept  in 
burglar-i)roof  safes  inside  the  vault.  All  vault 
walls  should  be  built  with  strong  reinforcements 
of  some  kind.  A  good  method  is  to  build  the 
walls  of  reinforced  concrete  about  sixteen  inches 
thick,   with    iron    bars    placed    vertically    and 


above  the  door  of  the  grouiul  floor  vault  in  the 
ceiling  is  jilaced  the  observation  and  funnel- 
shai)ed  shooting  outlet,  with  a  thick  plate  glass 
cover  on  the  floor  above.  The  vault  not  neces- 
sarily l)eiiig  more  than  eight  feet  high,  the  space 
over  can  be  used  as  a  cuplK)ar(l,  or  a  convenient 
place  for  concentrating  the  drain  and  water 
pipes,  and  forming  access  to  same.  In  the  St. 
Lawrence  street  branch  the  bank  messenger's 
rooms  form  a  mezzanine  floor  over  the  vault  and 
recess  adjoining. 

Floors  in  Public  Space.— Whilst  tile,  marble 
or  mosaic  should  be  used  for  the  better  class 
office,  hardwood,  on  account  of  cost,  is  used  as 


INTEKIOK    OK    BANKIXti    KOOM,    LOOKING    TOWARDS    ENTllA.Nl.'li,     THK    MOLSO.NS    liA.N  K,    MO.NTKEAL,    QLE. 


Al{c-HITKi'TS 


horizontally  at  about  nine-inch  spacings,  or  if  of 
bi'ick,  heavy  hoop  iron  should  be  laid  in  the 
horizontal  joints  every  three  courses  in  height. 
The  floors  and  ceilings  should  be  also  reinforced 
in  a  similar  manner,  and  very  strongly  built  to 
stand  the  strain  of  falling  walls  on  them  in  the 
case  of  fire.  The  vault  must  be  made  thorough- 
ly waterproof,  and  the  inside  walls  afterwards 
line;l  with  teiTa  cotta  and  plastered.  The 
foundation  walls  usually  go  to  form  a  book 
vault  in  the  basement  for  old  ledgers  and 
vouchers  not  in  daily  use.  This  should  be  easy 
of  access  from  the  banking  room.    Immediately 


a  rule  for  the  cheaper  offices.  This,  however, 
is  by  no  means  an  ideal  material,  as  it  is  hard 
to  keep  clean.  A  first-class  composition  floor, 
laid  direct  on  the  rough  flooring,  offers  a  satis- 
factory alternative  to  hardwood. 

Staff  Lavatories. —Thei^e  as  a  rule  are  best 
placed  in  the  basement,  all  space  on  the  ground 
floor  being  required  for  the  business  of  the  of- 
fice or  possible  extensions.  In  planning  of  all 
buildings,  especially  in  new  districts  and  where 
the  building  does  not  occupy  the  whole  site,  it  is 
always  wise  to  i)lan  the  office  so  that  it  can  be 
easily  enlarged  at  any  future  time  if  the  town 


CONSTRUCTION 


373 


GENERAL   VIEW,    THE    MOLSONS    BANK,   ST.    LAWRENCE   AND   ONTARIO    STREETS,    MONTREAL,   QUE. 


and  business  gTows,  without  serious  expense  or 
any  radical  changes.  The  building-  at  Drum- 
mondville  was  so  jjhinned,  for  example,  so  that 
it  could  be  easily  enlarged  by  taking  down  the 
back  wall  without  affecting  the  rest  of  the  lay- 
out of  the  building  to  any 
serious  extent. 

Office  Fittings.-These 
re(iuire  a  great  deal  of 
study,  many  details  being 
made  to  suit  the  special  re- 
quirements of  individual 
banks.  The  fittings  them- 
selves are  usually  made 
by  firms  who  are  special- 
ists in  this  kind  of  work. 
The  style  of  fittings  have 
changed  very  consider- 
ably during  the  last  few 
years.  Formerly  it  was 
the  practice  to  have  be- 
tween the  bank  ledgers 
and  tellers,  a  mass  of  grille 
work  for  the  whole  length 
of  the  counter,  and  to  the 
height  of  the  cages,  with 
a  large  number  of  wickets. 
Now  the  preference  is 
given  to  the  enclosing  only 

OI    tJie    tellers     cages   with        the  molsons  bank,  Norwich,  ont. 


as  little  metal  work  as  pos- 
sible on  the  counter  front, 
consistent  with  security. 
The  rest  of  the  staff  have 
no  grille  work  in  front  of 
them,  but  a  low  screen 
about  twelve  inches  high 
is  placed  on  the  top  of  the 
counter  which  protects  the 
ledger  from  being  read  by 
the  customers.  The  glass 
in  these  screens  should  be 
obscured,  but  the  glass  in 
the  tellers'  cages  should 
all  be  clear  plate  glass.  On 
the  to})  of  this  low  screen 
it  is  customary  to  fix  a 
plate  glass  shelf  (upper 
side  polished  and  under 
side  obscured),  or  wood 
shelf  which  not  only  furth- 
er screens  the  ledgers 
from  the  view  of  custom- 
ers, but  also  is  convenient 
for  handing  over  the  de- 
positor's pass  books. 

Twenty    years    ago    all 
counter  fittings  were  built 
of    a    uniform    height    of 
seven  feet  for  their  whole 
length,    with    turned    col- 
umns   supporting    a    heavy    cornice.      To-day 
everything  above  the  counter  top  should  be  kept 
light  in  construction,  so  as  to  give,  as  far  as 
possible,  an  unobstructed  view  of  the  banking- 
room.     This  result  has  been  obtained  satisfac- 


turner  &  carless,  architects. 


i/A 


CONSTRUCTION 


THE   M0LS0N8  BANK,  NORWICH,  ONT. 

torily  in  the  St.  Lawrence  and  Ontario  street 
office.    (See  illustration.) 

The  tendency  to-day  is  to  leave  the  account- 
ant's counter,  which  is  flat,  entirely  open;  tliat 
is,  without  having  any  railing  built  on  it.  This 
refers  more  particularly  to  the  city  offices. 

In  the  country,  where  a  certain  amount  of 
|)rivacy  is  desired,  the  low  rail  is  introduced 
in  the  accountant's  section,  but  an  opening  in 
this  railing  should  bo  provided  about  three  feet 
wide,  through  which  documents  can  be  passed 
when  customers'  signatures  are  required. 

The  accountant's  i)osition  should  always  be 
placed  next  to  the  manager's  office.  On  the  back 
of  the  counter  front,  provision  should  be  made 
for  running  a  horizontal  grooved  moulding  to 
contain  the  electric  wires.     It  is  desirable  also 


that  all  posts  or  columns 
should  be  built  hollow,  to 
allow  si)ace  for  wiring. 
With  reference  to  the 
desks  behind  the  counter 
it  was  the  custom  until 
some  years  ago  to  build 
tiiese  desks  in  solidly  as 
part  of  the  fixtures  pro- 
per, and  to  inti'oduce  as 
many  cupboards  and 
diawers  as  could  be  ob- 
tained in  a  given  space. 
Xow-a-days  practically  all 
fuiniture  is  movable  and 
cupboards  have  been  ))rac- 
tically  done  away  with,  as 
they  served  no  good  pur- 
pose, and  generally  be- 
came a  receptacle  for  lit- 
ter. A  marble  base  is  a 
very  desirable  addition  to  a  counter  front,  as  it 
protects  the  wood  at  a  i)oint  where  deteriora- 
tion is  most  apt  to  set  in  from  the  contact  of 
water  during  the  process  of  washing  the  floors. 
The  front  edge  of  the  counter  top  should  have 
a  good  projection,  both  for  the  purpose  of  pre- 
venting customers  fi'om  looking  over  the  screen 
on  to  the  ledgers,  and  also  to  protect  the  counter 
front  itself  from  being  damaged. 

The  tellers'  cages  must  be  of  sufficient  size 
to  give  the  tellers  enough  working  space  with- 
out being  cramped.  A  compartment  six  feet 
wide  by  seven  feet  deep  is  a  useful  size,  though 
several  are  only  five  feet  six  inches  in  width. 
Whether  desks  are  put  on  only  one  or  both 
sides  of  cages,  a  clear  working  space  of  three 
feet  in  width  should  bo  allowed.     Tn  some  of- 


TL'HNKK    &    OAKLE8H,    ARCHITECTS. 


rercrrp  /f/^-ne. 


X 


TiiirrrTTrTW- 


&^£KM     PM* 


^AJtXfC/vr    ^AM 


TttfitiHti         f f fe 


•owu^...    to. 


THK    MOI.SIINS  BANK,   NORWICH,  ONT. 


TURNER    &    CARLESS,    ARCHITECTS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


375 


fices,  as  in  the  St.  Law- 
rence and  Ontario  streets 
brancli,  an  additional  com- 
partment is  jilaced  next  to 
the  paying  teller's  cage 
for  an  assistant  during 
the  rush  hours  to  help  in 
the  sorting  of  cheques  and 
other  special  purposes. 
The  top  of  the  teller's  desk 
is  often  covered  with  plate 
glass.  The  grille  work  is 
usually  made  of  bronze,  of 
steel  with  a  bronze  finish, 
or  of  black  iron.  In  de- 
signing this  metal  work 
care  must  be  taken  that 
no  horizontal  rail  is  placed 
in  such  a  position  as  to  in- 
terfere with  the  teller's 
clear  vision.  The  teller 
should  be  able  to  have  an 
unobstructed  view  of  his 
customers  at  all  times.  It 
is  very  important  that  all  openings  in  the  lower 
part  of  the  grille  work  be  protected  with  plate 
glass  behind,  so  as  to  prevent  anybody  from 
putting  a  stick  through  and  extracting  paper 
money  when  lying  on  the  desks. 

The  grille  in  the  centre  of  the  front  should 
be  fitted  with  a  telescopic  wicket,  or  one  hung 
on  hinges,  so  as  to  be  opened  in  case  a  parcel 
has  to  be  jaassed  through. 

The  top  of  the  cages  are  constructed  with 
round  wire  mesh,  not  larger  than  one  and  one- 


THE    MOLSONS   BANK,    SOREL,  QUE. 


TURNER    &    CARLESS,    AH< 'H  ITKi'T.S. 


half  inch  in  diameter,  and  in  the  smaller  offices 
the  sides  are  made  of  steel  ribbon,  bronze  plated, 
one-quarter  inch  wide,  with  the  mesh  not  ex- 
ceeding one-half  inch. 

The  wicket  door  in  counter,  fomiing  the  en- 
trance for  the  clerks,  should  in  all  offices,  where 
possible,  be  placed  close  to  the  manager  or 
accountant,  so  that  the  staff  passing  in  and  out 
can  be  under  the  direct  surveillance  of  the  heads 
of  the  office. 

In  small  offices  the  fittings  are  best  planned 


A-WZittflAT-    /iA/V 


Tlllllllll! 


Oaou/fD    /^aOB  /iAM 


Lf^^e-G      ^(X>0      PzAjr 


THE    MOLSONS  BANK^   SOREL,  QUE. 


TURNER    &    CARLESS,    ARCHITECTS. 


376 


CONSTRUCTION 


THE    MOLSONS   BANK,   KOREL,  QUE. 


TURNER    &    CARLESS,    ARCHITECTS. 


to  occupy  only  two  sides  of  the  public  space. 
Three  sides  necessitates  an  unnecessary  large 
staft"  and  difliculties  for  the  manager  in  super- 
intending. 

It  will  be  readily  understood  that  the  fittings 
and  furniture  of  a  bank  form  a  considerable 
item  of  cost  in  the  expense  of  a  new  office. 

Tt  is  therefore  essential  that  they  should  be 
of  the  highest  grade  of  construction,  and  im- 
portant that  the  very  best  layout  is  obtained 
from  tlie  start.  Some  banks  when  opening  tem- 
porary offices  ^lave  adopted  fixtures  in  the  form 
of  specially  made  standard  units,  the  latter 
being  set  up  side  by  side  to  form  a  complete 
counter.  These  units  have  the  advantage  that 
they  can  be  taken  down  and  used  elsewhere 
without  any  waste  from  cutting  when  a  more 
l)ernianent  office  building  is  being  established 
and  special  fixtures  are  to  be  installed. 

Additional  Descriptive  Notes  to 
Illustrations 

The  MolsDiis  Bank,  Nonvirh.  —  Th'i^  building 


lias  just  been  completed. 
The  facade  is  treated 
with  Indiana  limestone 
pilasters  and  a  light 
shade  clay  ironspot  vitri- 
fied brick,  laid  with  a  fine 
joint.  The  woodwork  is 
all  ])ainted  white,  except 
the  entrance  doors,  which 
are  of  (piartered  white 
oak.  The  name  of  the 
bank  is  displayed  in  large 
bronze  letters,  standing 
out  tliree-<iuarters  of  an 
inch  from  the  face  of  the 
main  frieze. 

The  height  of  the  bank- 
ing room  is  fourteen  feet, 
with  the  ))rincipal  lighting 
at  the  back,  which  gives 
the  best  results  for  the 
staff. 

The  upper  flat  foi"ms 
the  manager's  residence,  the  woodwork  being  of 
chestnut,  with  the  exception  of  the  four  bed- 
rooms, which  are  of  pine. 

A  hoist  is  provided  to  the  basement;  also  a 
linen  chute  to  the  laundry.  The  laundry  tubs, 
lavatory  basins  and  sinks  are  all  provided  with 
hot  and  cold  water,  and  an  additional  service 
of  soft  water.  The  latter  is  stored  in  a  large 
tank  in  the  basement,  and  raised  by  an  auto- 
matic electric  pump  and  pressure  tank.  The 
dining-room  is  panelled,  and  a  large  gallery  ap- 
pix)ached  from  it  can  be  enclosed  in  the  winter. 
The  cost  of  the  building  complete,  exclusive  of 
banking  room  fittings,  is  equivalent  to  twenty- 
one  cents  a  foot  cube. 

Sorel.— The  design  of  this  somewhat  unusual 
front  was  governed  by  the  desire  to  obtain  a 
gallery  to  the  manager's  residence  which  would 
overlook  the  fine  large  square  of  the  town. 

The  facade  is  treated  in  two  shades  of  clay 
ironspot  bricks,  a  brownish-red  for  the  rustica- 
tion, and  a  light  bufl"  for  the  rest.  The  banking 
room  is  excellently  lighted,  with  the  windows  in 


"Nt    lOiiOhS    Bamk  DKUMMOnOHiiC 


(Ib^mi?     /laae    /i^m" 


'i^^. 


■■/mjr^ 


•  P^4iyf' 


^/'7-fW  /ZuX'^     /^-^K- 


CONSTRUCTION 


377 


all  cases  to  the  backs  of  the 
staff  when  working  at  the 
manager's 


waiting 


room 

g,ii   as    the 


counter.     Tlie 

iT)om    and 

are   not    so    liigh 

main    office,    forming    on 

plan  the  projection  on  the 

facade.  The  waiting  room 

is  so  planned  that  it  can 

be  used  for  that  purpose, 

for  either  the  office  or  the 

residence  when  the  office 

is  closed. 

The  vestibule  is  tiled 
and  the  public  space  is  cov- 
ered with  a  red  composi- 
tion floor  material  witli 
black  border. 

The  first  floor  allows  an 
excellent  seven  room  resi- 
dence, and  in  the  basement 
is  the  usual  office  staff 
lavatory,  book  vault, 
cleaner's  store,  stationery 
store,  furnace  room,  etc., 
with  a  large  store,  laun- 
dry, and  cool  room  for  the  residence.  The  build- 
ing has  just  been  completed  at  a  cost  of  twentj'- 
two  and  a  half  cents  a  cubic  foot,  exclusive  of 
banking  room  fittings. 

Drummondville. — This  building  was  erected 


THE    MOLSONS   BANK,  DRUMMONDVILLE,  QUE. 


PHILIP   J.    TUKNER,   K.K.IB.A.,  AliCHITECT. 


THCMMaONS  MNK 
lACniNE  liOCKS.P.Q. 


HANS  AS  ATPRtatNI 

•  r  r      T — 


a^ji-^^,  AeOllTfCT 

lie  Baiep  or  TOitt 


Divm/oM  TO  B  ncmL 


nuvMTion  TO NOTEcmnt .si 


BiJtritm  (VN 


morot         DfMC 


aswtiD  riDoEPUN 


in   1912.     Light  buff  facing   bricks   liave   been 
used    in    the    elevations    with    Roman    stone 
facings.    The  cost  was  twenty-five  cents  a  cubic 
foot.     It  is  planned  to  allow  for  easy  enlarge- 
ment to  the  banking  room  at  the  back.    A  mis- 
take often  made  in  coun- 
try offices  is  to  give  an  un- 
due amount  of  room  to  the 
public  to  the  detriment  of 

-_    r-,    _  n  ■•  ^^^^  staff. 

fl  M^i^s^-fi-B  I'^  ^^^^^  p\i\n  and  other 

examples  sliown,  this  com- 
mon error  has  been 
avoided. 

Lachine.  —  Erected  in 
1912  at  a  cost  of  twenty- 
one  cents  a  cubic  foot, 
exclusive  of  banking 
room  fixtures.  Light 
buff  pressed  bricks  and 
Roman  stone  have  been 
used  in  the  elevations. 
The  upper  floor  was  de- 
signed for  the  use  of  the 
members  of  the  staff.  The 
banking  room  is  a  typical 
j^' ,i|l  t~^''  ;.  and    good    layout    for    a 

small  office,  with  (1)  the 
staff  back  to  the  light,  (2) 
manager's  office  near  en- 
trance and  at  corner  of 
two  streets,  and  control- 
ling public  space  and  office 
staff,  (3)  door  to  clerks' 
space    placed    next    man- 


378 


CONSTRUCTION 


ager's  office  and  also  next  accountant,  and  (4) 
vault  door  convenient  for  teller  and  in  view  of 
tlie  whole  office. 

Port  Arthur,  Oh<.  — Elevations  of  Indiana 
limestone  with  lif^'ht  i)ressed  brick  facinj^s 
above.  A  fjfood  layout  for  office  on  a  cor- 
ner site,  of  little  breadth  and  where  the  main 
street  is  on  the  narrow  side,  j?ivinf>:  the  best  use 
of  floor  spact'  in  the  interior,  liijper  floor  used 
as  offices  with  strong  room  divided  into  steel 
compartments  for  the  use  of  the  difTerent  ten- 
ants, sei)arate  lavatories  for  both  sexes  on  each 


mination  to  the  banking  room  at  the  opposite 
end.  The  ground  floor  is  19  feet  high,  which 
gives  sufTicient  height  for  a  vault  nine  feet  high 
and  messenger's  rooms  over.  Two  of  the  three 
openings  in  end  wall  between  banking  room  and 
mezzanine  give  the  bank's  messenger  an  oppor- 
tunity for  watching  the  office  when  closed,  the 
third  opening  acts  as  a  ventilating  j)anel.  The 
building  is  of  fireproof  construction  throughout, 
with  a  reinforced  concrete  skeleton  frame  and 
terra  cotta  i)artitions  and  furrings.  The  walls 
above  the  base  are  of  Iniliana  limestone,  with 


THE    MOLSONS  BANK,  LACHINE,  Ql'E. 

floor.     The  top  floor  is  partlv  occupied  by  the 
stafif. 

St.  Lawrence  and  Ontario  Street. — An  awk- 
ward shaped  site,  with  the  problem  of  having  to 
place  the  entrance  on  the  corner  and  that  to  the 
upper  floors  offices  on  the  narrow  side  of  the  lot. 
A  mezzanine  floor,  containing  three  rooms,  for 
the  bank  messenger,  being  placed  in  line  with 
the  front  of  the  vault,  the  banking  room  is  given 
a  square  end  on  this  face.  The  screen  to  the 
manager's  office  also  forms  a  right-angle  ter- 


PHILIP   J.    TURNER,   F.R.I.B.A.,   ARCHITECT. 


the  base  itself  of  Queenston  limestone,  the  stairs 
to  the  offices  have  marble  treads  and  cast  iron 
strings,  railings,  newel  posts  and  carriages  and 
oak  handrail. 

The  vestibule  has  a  marble  mosaic  floor  and 
Missisquoi  dark  and  light  green  marble  dado. 
The  floor  of  the  banking  room  consists  of  six 
inch  light  grey  vitrified  tiles,  with  narrow 
white  boi'ders  to  each  square  of  four  tiles.  The 
woodwork  of  the  office  is  all  of  quartered  white 
oak  with  marble  base  to   counter  front,   and 


CONSTRUCTION 


379 


cheque  desks.     The  grille  work  to  the  cages  is 
all  of  bronze. 

The  foundations  of  the  building  are  carried 
on  reinfoixjed  concrete  piles.  The  total  cost  of 
the  building  complete,  including  foundations, 
but  not  banking  room  fittings,  is  on  a  unit  of 
forty-two  cents  a  cubic  foot.  The  whole  of  the 
fittings,  furniture  and  electric  light  fixtures 
were  designed  by  the  architect. 


Canada's  Fire  Loss 

The  fire  loss  of  Canada  has  reached  enor- 
mous proportions.     The  drain  upon  her  finaii- 


being  developed,  trade  openings  are  being 
sought  and  established.  Prior  to  the  war  Can- 
ada found  herself  handicapped  in  any  scheme  of 
trade  exijansion  by  the  lower  cost  of  production 
in  Europe.  It  therefore  follows  that,  with  the 
realization  by  European  countries  of  their  com- 
mercial possibilities,  this  trade  handicap  will  be 
greatly  accentuated. 

On  the  basis  of  averages,  and  from  the  data 
available  as  to  the  cost  of  insurance  and  upkeep 
of  fire  departments,  the  following  comparisons 
ma}-  be  deduced : 

For  the  past  three  years  the  average  rate  for 
fire  insurance  in  Canada  has  been  one  dollar  and 
eighteen  cents  per  one  hundred  dollars  of  insur- 


THB  MOLSOKS  BANK,  PORT  ARTHUR,  ONT. 

cial  resources  constitutes  an  economic  loss 
which  no  countrj^  can  afford  and  still  meet  com- 
peting nations  on  an  equal  footing. 

The  war  has  had  far-reaching  effects  ujion 
commerce.  European  countries,  in  greater  or 
less  degree,  are  realizing  their  latent  powers, 
production  is  being  speeded  up,  resources  are 


TURNER    &    CARLESS,    ARCHITECTS. 

ance.  The  average  rate  in  Sweden  is  decimal 
forty,  in  Austria  decimal  thirty,  in  England 
decimal  twenty-three,  in  Germany  decimal 
twenty-two,  in  France  decimal  twenty-one,  in 
Spain  decimal  nineteen,  and  in  Italy  decimal 
nineteen. 

A  Canadian  labor  employer  with  one  hundred 


M) 


CONSTRUCTION 


CLERK  S    WORKING    SPAI.-E.    LOOKING    TOWARDS    MANAGERS   OFFICE,      THE  MOLSONS  BANK,  PORT  ARTHUR,  ONT, 

employees,  carrying  an  insurance  of  fiftj^  tliou- 
sanil  dollars  on  plant  and  buildings,  and,  assum- 
ing that  two  thousand  dollars  insurance  is  car- 
ried or  paitl  for  by  each  employee  on  furniture 
and  dwelling— or  a  total  of  two  hundred  and 
fifty  thousand  dollars — would,  on  the  foregoing 
basis,  have  to  provide  in  wages  and  overhead 
charges  two  thousand  nine  Imndred  and  fifty 
dollars.  TTis  competitor  in  Sweden  would  only 
recjuire  one  thousand  dollars,  in  Austria  seven 
Imndred  and  fifty  dollars,  in  England  five  hun- 
dred and  seventy-five  dollars,  in  Germany  five 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  in  France  five  hun- 


dred and  twenty-five  dol- 
lars, in  Spain  and  Italy 
four  hundred  and  seventy- 
five  dollars. 

For  ui)keep  of  fire  de- 
l)artment8  Canada  is  heav- 
ily taxed  in  comparison 
with  competing  countries. 
In  1914,  Paris,  France, 
with  a  ))opulation  of  two 
million,  eight  hundred  and 
forty-six  thousand  nine 
hundred  and  eight-six,  had 
a  total  fire  department  ex- 
])enditure  of  apj)roximate- 
ly  six  hundred  and  fifty- 
six  thout:aiid  foui-  hundi'ed 
and  seventy-nine  dollars, 
or  twenty-three  cents  per 
head.  Toronto,  for  the 
same  year,  with  a  popula- 
tion of  four  hundred  and 
seventy  thousand  one  hun- 
hundred  and  forty-four, 
spent  six  hundred  and 
seventy-five  thousand  one  hundred  and  forty-six 
dollars  on  her  fire  department,  equal  to  one  deci- 
mal forty-three  (h)l!ars  i)er  head. 

The  Toronto  manufacturer— and  this  is  only 
an  example  for  all  Canada— has  to  provide  for 
himself  and  family  and  for  each  employee  and 
his  family  one  decimal  forty-three  dollars  to 
cover  fire  department  costs,  as  against  the 
twenty-three  cents  his  Paris  c(ym])etitor  must 
provide;  or,  with  an  average  of  five  to  a  family, 
for  his  one  liundred  emi)loyees,  he  would  have 
to  pay  in  salaries  and  wages  seven  hundred  and 
twenty-two  dollars  and  fifteen  cents  as  against 


j3atA^»r!M^        J^/l 


f/rtmmn         Wotf        *>Tfe»» 


a/v'**'       aXsv    Jnan 


"hP"       .'i/aCL/ 


THE    MOLSONS    BANK,    PORT   ARTHUR,   ONT. 


TURNER    &    CARLESS,    ARCHITECTS. 


CONSTRUCTION 


381 


A    DETAIL THE    SIDE   ENTRANCE,   THE    MOLSONS    BANK,   PORT    ARTHIR,   ONT. 

one  hundred  and  sixteen  dollars  and  fifteen 
cents  by  his  European  competitor. 

For  insurance  and  upkeep  of  fire  department 
the  Toronto  employer  of  one  hundred  hands,  as 
representative  of  Canadian  industry,  must  pay 
three  thousand  six  hundred  and  seventy-two 
dollars  as  against  six  hundred  and  forty-one 
dollars  in  Paris,  a  handicap  equal  to  thirty  dol- 
lars per  employee. 

The  Census  Report  of  1911  gives  five  hun- 
dred and  fifteen  thousand  two  hundred  and  three 
as  the  number  of  employees  engaged  in  manu- 
facturing in  Canada;  consequently  at  thirty 
dollars  per  head,  there  is  a  handicap  of  fifteen 
million  four  hundred  and  fifty-six  thousand  and 
ninety  dollars  against  Canadian  manufacturers 
in  the  cost  of  fire  insurance  and  municipal  fire 
departments. 

The  salaries  and  wages  |)aid  to  these  five 
hundred  and  fifteen  thousand  two  hundred  and 
three  employees  amounted  to  two  hundred  and 
forty-one  million  eight  thousand  four  hundred 
and  sixteen  dollars,  an  average  of  four  hundred 
and  sixty-seven  dollars  and  eighty  cents,  or  ap- 
j)roximately  nine  dollars  per  week.  The  fore- 
going handicap  of  thirty  dollars  per  employee 
rei)resents  the  wages  for  three  decimal  three 
weeks  of  each  employee. 

In  1910  the  products  of  Canadian  manufac- 
turers were  valued  at  one  billion  one  hundred 
and  sixty-five  million  nine  hundred  and  seventy- 
five  thousand  six  hundred  and  thirty-nine  dol- 
lars.   This  charge  for  insurance  and  municipal 


fire  protection  therefore  represents  an  added 
tax  of  one  decimal  three  per  cent,  upon  Canada's 
entire  output  of  manufactures. 

The  fact  that  much  the  larger  portion  of  this 
amount  is  buried  in  the  pay-roll  can  be  accepted 
as  the  reason  why  our  employers  have  given  so 
little  attention  to  the  question.  The  charge  must 
be  met,  however,  whether  by  direct  or  indirect 
means. 

Employers  comi)lain  of  the  rising  cost  of 
manufacturing;  employees  complain  of  the  ris- 
ing cost  of  living  and  demand  increased  wages. 
In  view  of  the  foregoing,  employers  should  seri- 
ously cohsider  reduction  of  the  burden  imposed 
by  the  enormous  destruction  of  our  created  re- 
sources by  fire— that  their  earnings  may  not  be 
reduced  by  these  charges,  and  thus  remove  one 
of  our  heavy  handicaps  before  Canadian  em- 
ployers and  employees  meet  world  competition 
under  the  new  trade  conditions  which  will  de- 
velop after  the  war. 


Farm  Home  Conveniences 

At  the  last  annual  meeting  of  the  Commission 
of  Conservation  a  report  of  a  survey  conducted 
on  400  farms  during  1915  was  presented.  Some 
interesting  data  were  secured  respecting  condi- 
tions in  many  rural  homes. 

Keeping  the  young  people  on  the  farm  is  one 
of  Canada's  national  problems.  Many  causes 
have  been  suggested  for  the  yearning  for  the 
city.  The  conveniences  of  the  city  home  con- 
stitute one  of  the  chief  attractions.  Notwith- 
standing this,  however,  very  few  farmers  have 
introduced  these  conveniences  into  their  homes. 

Of  the  400  farmers  visited,  53  per  cent,  have 
young  people  in  their  families.  With  this  large 
percentage  of  young  people  it  is  a  regreiftable 
fact  that  only  two  farmers  out  of  every  hundred 
have  bathrooms  in  their  homes.  Only  6.2  per 
cent,  have  water  closets,  only  2.5  per  cent,  have 
a  complete  service,  and  only  2.2  per  cent,  have 
electric  light.  In  these  400  homes,  only  16.5 
per  cent,  have  the  water  piped  to  the  house,  and 
but  17.5  per  cent,  have  furnaces  in  the  home. 
These  conditions  are  entirely  within  the  control 
of  the  farmers,  86.7  per  cent,  of  whom  are  the 
owners  of  farms  averaging  126.5  acres. 

In  contrast  with  the  foregoing,  the  conveni- 
ences which  have  been  supplied  by  the  govern- 
ment and  public  utility  companies  and  of  which 
the  farmer  has  availed  himself  stand  out  prom- 
inently. The  Post  Office  Department  has  car- 
ried to  76  per  cent,  of  these  400  farmers  rural 
free  mail  delivery,  allowing  77  per  cent,  of  them 
to  be  supplied  with  daily  newspapers,  while  58.2 
per  cent,  have  the  convenience  of  a  telephone. 

Only  2.5  per  cent,  have  complete  sanitary  ser- 
vice in  their  homes,  while  5  per  cent,  have  auto- 
mobiles, and  31.5  per  cent,  have  either  auto- 
mobile or  horse  and  buggy  for  the  young  people. 


J82 


CONSTRUCTION 


HOTEI,   PAM.ISKH,   .AIJiARY.   A1,Ta. 


K.    1^     W.    S.     MAXVVKLi,,    AKl  HITKITM. 


Hotel  Palliser,  Calgary,  Alberta 

Owned  and  Operated  by  the  Canadian  Pacific    Railway    Company. 


THE  Hotel  Palliser,  situated  in  the  gateway 
to  the  Rocky  Mountains,  was  erected  to 
fill  a  long  felt  need  for  the  class  of  acoommoda- 
tiion  that  has  made  the  Canadian  Pacific  Rail- 
way hotels  a  by-word  for  comfort  and  good  liv- 
ing. Situated  in  the  heart  of  the  city,  adjoining 
the  railway  station,  it  offers  conveniences  to  its 
patrons  that  more  than  offset  the  advantages 
that  might  have  been  obtained  by  selecting  a 
more  distant  and  picturesque  site. 

The  hotel  caters  to  the  tourist  whose  objec- 
tive is  the  unsurpassed  scenery  of  the  Rockies, 
the  business  man,  and  residents  desiring  an  en- 
vironment of  refinement  and  the  best  of  service. 

Owing  to  the  nature  of  the  site,  a  picturesque 
solution  of  the  problem,  such  as  is  evidenced  in 
many  of  the  company's  hotels  of  the  chateau 
type,  was  considered  inadvisable. 

The  existing  structure  is  one  of  eight  stories 
and  a  basement,  so  designed  that  five  additional 
stories  may  be  added,  terminated  by  a  steep 
mansard  i-oof .  The  facade  facing  Ninth  avenue 
has  three  projecting  wings  and  two  U-Shaped 
courts.  The  track  elevation  is  without  break, 
and  no  interior  courts  exist. 

The  exterior  perspective  shows  a  clean-cut 
structure,    quite    simple    and    modern    in    its 


straightforward  expression  of  the  interior.  The 
details  of  a  more  elaborate  nature  recall  the 
work  of  the  Louis  XVI.  period.  The  ground 
floor  plan  shows  two  main  axes,  one  leading 
from  the  main  entrance  to  the  elevator  lobby, 
and  the  other  from  the  station  entrance  (so 
called  because  of  its  proximity  to  the  adjoining 
station)  to  the  dining  room. 

On  entering  one  is  received  in  the  entrance 
hall,  finished  in  Bottichino  marble.  To  the  right 
is  the  office,  and  conveniently  adjoining  is  the 
ladies'  room,  off  which  is  the  retiring  room, 
with  toilet  conveniences.  Over  the  entrance  are 
offices,  including  that  of  the  manager.  The  en- 
trance hall,  rotunda  and  palm  room  open  into 
one  another.  The  same  sense  of  style  is  evident, 
but  the  treatment  of  composition  and  use  of 
materials  vary.  The  entrance  hall  is  of  Bot- 
tichino  marble,  including  the  ceiling  treatment. 
The  floor  is  laid  out  in  simple  patterns  with  grey 
Tennessee  marble,  the  base  of  the  piers  and  col- 
umns being  of  green  marble,  above  which  is  fine 
honed  Bottidiino  marble  of  a  pleasing  warm 
tone.  The  office,  seen  to  the  right  of  the  illus- 
tration, has  quartered  oak  panelling,  a(nd  a 
bronze  treatment  of  pilasters  and  grille  work 
above  the  counter  line.    The  coat  room  adjoins 


DETAILBD  VIEW,   SHOWINO    MAIN   RNTRANCE,  HOTEL   PALLISEK.  CALGARY,  ALTA. 

383 


K.    &    W.    S.    MAXWELL,    ARCHITECTS. 


384 


CONSTRUCTION 


TYPICAL    FLDOB  PLAN 


GBOUND  FUOOB  PLAN 

5C*t.fc    mm         ^  I       FEET 


HOTKl.    HAl.l.ISKR.    lAI.CAKY.    ALTA. 


&   W.   S.    MAXWELL.,  ARCHITECTS. 


C  ON  S  T  R  U  C  T  1  ON 


385 


the  hall  to  the  left  of  the 
vestibule,  and  on  the 
right  is  the  ladies' 
room. 

The  top-lig-Jited  ro- 
tunda extends  from  the 
cafe  and  the  station  en- 
trance end  of  the  build- 
ing, to  the  dining  room. 
Above  the  dining  room  ^^j,, 
triple  entrances  is  a 
musicians'  gallery.  The 
rotunda  is  one  hundred 
and  forty  feet  by  forty 
feet,  the  main  feature 
of  the  composition  be- 
ing a  row  of  columns 
and  pilasters  on  either 
side.  The  ceiling  is  de- 
signed so  as  to  form  a 
triple  composition  in 
the  length  of  the  room. 
The  walls  have  an  oak 
dado,  set  on  a  green 
marble  base,  the  large 
wall  panels  over,  being 

hung  with  tapestry.  the  ball  room,  first  floor,  hotel  PALHSER,  CALGARY,  ALTA. 


The  pilasters  and  col- 
umns are  of  Bottichino 
marble,  and  the  ceiling 
of  plaster.  Apple  green 
rugs  (set  on  the  grey 
Tennessee  marble  floor) 
and  the  tapestry  panels 
harmonize  with  the  soft 
antique  color  of  the  oak 
panelling. 

The  white  oval  draw- 
ing room,  thirty-four 
feet  by  forty-six  feet, 
has  a  shallow  domed 
coiling,  and  is  rather 
Adams  in  design  and 
detail.  The  rug,  in 
which  rose  and  black 
predominate,  the  repro- 
duction of  eighteenth 
centurj'  English  furni- 
ture, the  decorative  ac- 
cessories, such  as  gilded 
m'irrors,  paintings  of 
beautiful  women  by 
Miss  Gertrude  Des 
Clayes,    and    the    well 


ENTRANCE    HALL,    SEEN    FliOM    THE   VESTIBULE,    HOTEL   PALLISER,  CALGARY,  ALTA. 


E.    &    W.    S.    MAXWELL,    ARCHITECTS. 


386 


CONSTRUCTION 


cjirried  out  cliinincy-piece, 
with  its  interostinjj:  chased 
steel  grate  and  fender,  ail 
wnnbiup  iiarmoniously  to 
form  a  suitable  settiiii;-  for 
the  fair  sex. 

The  electric  ligliting 
scheme  consists  of  tal)h' 
lami)S  and  j<ilt  wail  can 
delabra  of  Adams  desij^n. 
The  nse  of  silk  shades 
prodnces  a  becominj^'  il- 
hnnination  tliat  can  be 
rendered  more  brilliant  by 
using  the  linolite  indirect 
system  installed  in  the 
cornice. 

The  dining  room,  thirty- 
nine  feet  by  one  hundred 
and  twenty-five  feet,  has 
an  alcove  at  one  end  and 
a  palm  conservatory  at 
t'lie  other.  The  i-oom  forms 
a  trii)le  composition  in  its 
length,  and  it  is  possible, 

during  a  quiet  season,  to  reduce  the  size  of  the 
i-oom  by  screens,  without  affecting  the  archi- 
tectural appearance.  The  design  is  frankly 
Louis  XVI.  in  its  development  and  detail.  The 
walls  and  ceilings  are  painted  white,  and  the 
curtains  and  other  decorative  notes  are  a  soft 
golden  color.  The  wall  brackets  are  gilt  with 
polj-chrome  decoration,  and  tlie  main  lighting  is 
by  semi-indirect  bowls  of  etched  glass. 

The  cafe  is  forty  feet  by  fifty-seven  feet, 
treated  in  a  Mediaeval  manner.    The  floor  is  of 


THE   ROTUNDA,    LOOKING   TOWARDS   THE    .STATION    ENTRANCE    END,    HOTEL   PALLISEH,   CALGARY,  ALTA. 

waxed  heatherbloom  tiles,  about  six  inches 
square,  the  coloring  varying  from  soft  red  to 
leaf  brown,  the  general  effect  being  antique. 

The  constructional  features,  such  as  the 
vaulted  ceiling  at  the  rear,  and  the  piers,  are  in 
(^aen  stone.  The  piers  and  the  walls  have  a 
quarter-cut  oak  dado,  antique  in  color,  but  not 
too  dark.  The  plaster  walls  are  sand  finished, 
toned  with  oil  stains.  The  ceiling  of  oak  finish- 
ed beams  is  frankly  constructional  in  appear- 
ance;   stone  corbels  receiving  the  main  beams. 

Leaded  glass  windows  of 
heraldic  character,  elec- 
tric fixtures  of  wrought 
iron  treated  with  poly- 
chrome coloring,  shield 
shape  ventilator  grilles, 
treated  heraldically  in 
color,  all  combine  to  main- 
tain the  spirit  of  the 
' '  Moyen-Age. ' '  The  chim- 
ney piece  is  tlie  main  feat- 
ure of  the  room,  and  1ms 
an  interesting  use  of 
"Scotch  scenes"  or  fire 
bricks  arranged  in  pat- 
terns that  show  a  reason- 
able use  of  the  material. 
The  massive  carved  lintel 
is  sup2Jorted  by  sandstone 
from  n,ear  Winnipeg, 
showing  a  sjnall  fossil  for- 
n)ation  and  a  warm  buff 
color.  The  coat  of  arms 
over  the  shelf  is  in  stone, 
decorated  in  tempera 
color,  and  metals. 


Till-;    lilNINC    UOOM.    HuTKL    I'ALLIShli,   CALOAHV,    AI.TA. 


CONSTRUCTION 


387 


SITTING   ROOM,   FIRST  FLOOR,    NEAR   THE   BALL   ROOM,    HOTEL   I'ALLISER,  CALGARY,   ALTA. 


The  barroom,  forty  feet  by  fifty-seven  feet, 
is  also  quite  MediaBval  in  its  a])pearance.  The 
walls  are  of  sanded  and  stained  plaster,  with  a 
dado  of  oak;  the  piers  of  sandstone  to  dado 
height.  The  beamed  ceiling,  supported  by 
arches,  is  rather  unusual,  but  not  an  innovation. 
The  treatment  of  the  bays  at  the  bar  counter 
wall  is  frankly  different  from  the  "sitting  out" 
portion,  w'lierc  tables  and  chairs  are  invitingly 
arranged.  The  large  panels,  over  the  rear  bar, 
are  destined  to  receive 
painted  decorations,  but 
now  that  Alberta  has  gone 
dry,  it  is  difficult  to  pro- 
phesy. The  floor  is  simi- 
lar to  that  in  the  cafe. 

The  kitchen  in  the  rear 
of  the  ground  floor,  be- 
tween the  cafe  and  dining 
room,  contains  the  most 
modern  etjuipment  avail- 
able, and,  owing  to  its 
position,  quick,  efficient 
service  is  possible.  A 
mezzanine  stoi'v  contains 
a  staff  dining  room,  and 
extends  over  a  portion  of 
the  kitchen. 

In  the  basement  is  the 
refrigeration  plant  for 
cooling  the  drinking  water 
and  making  ice;  the  ven- 
tilating machinery  that 
takes  care  of  the  main 
rooms,     supplying     fresh 


washed  and  filtered  air 
and  exhausting  the  foul 
air;  and  a  large  storage 
tank  for  water  (placed 
just  outside  the  building 
to  the  east). 

The  power  plant  that 
takes  care  of  the  station, 
laundry  building  and 
hotel,  is  situated  across 
the  tracks,  and  is  connect- 
ed with  the  hotel  by  a  tun- 
nel. 

The  bakery  is  in  the 
rear  of  the  basement,  also 
the  stewards'  department, 
with  store  room. 

The  station  coimects 
with  the  hotel  by  means  of 
a  large  tunnel,  thus  per- 
mitting guests'  luggage 
to  be  handled  expedi- 
tiously and  conveniently. 
The  bar  cellar  and  wine 
storage  room  are  under 
the  bar  towards  the  centre  of  the  building.  The 
barber  shop,  accessible  from  the  street  as  well 
as  from  the  main  corridor,  is  under  the  barroom. 
It  has  terrazzo  floors,  tile  walls,  and  bath  and 
dressing  rooms  adjoining.  A  large  men's  toilet 
room,  adjoining  the  staircase  from  the  ground 
floor  hall,  contains  urinals  and  wash  basins,  the 
water  closets  being  in  a  separate  adjoining 
room. 

To  the  north  and  west  are  a  series  of  sample 
rooms,  well  lighted  from  areas  on  the  street 


THE   UALL   KUU.M.    LOOKI.N(;   TCJUAliD.S    THE    ENTRANCE,    HOTEL   I'ALLISER,   CALGAKV,    ALTA. 


388 


CONSTRUCTION 


fronts,  and  in  the  rear  under  the  dining  room, 
are  locker  and  recreation  rooms,  as  well  as  lava- 
tories provided  for  male  anti  female  lielp. 

The  first  floor  has  thirty-four  bedrooms,  and, 
in  addition,  a  suite  of  rooms  devoted  to  enter- 
taining?, the  main  feature  being  the  ballroom, 
forty-eight  feet  by  sixty  feet,  directly  over  the 
entrance  hall.  This  room  is,  on  occasions,  used 
for  large  ban(|uets.  Serving  rooms  with  electric 
dumb  waiters  and  service  elevator  adjoin  it,  and 
near  by,  are  several  private  dining  rooms. 

The  ballroom  extends  through  two  stories, 
and  has  a  musicians'  gallery  over  the  entrance. 
The  treatment  of  walls  and  ceiling  is  in  tones  of 
white  i)aint.  The  walls  have  a  i)ilaster  treat- 
ment with  a  large  coved  ceiling  over  the  entab- 
lature. The  oval  panels  over  the  windows  are 
destined  to  receive  i)ainted  decorations  in  the 
Louis  XV^l.  style  to  conform  with  the  rest  of  the 
room. 

Adjoining  the  ballroom  are  a  series  of  ante 
rooms,  sitting  out  rooms,  and  a  large  foyer, 
which  is  between  the  elevators  and  the  ballroom. 
The  electric  fixtures  in  this  room,  and  the  rooms 
so  far  described,  call  for  special  mention,  and 
were  made  by  The  E.  F.  Caldwell  Co. 

The  typical  floor  plan  of  the  hotel  shows  four 
Otis  Fensom  elevators  centrally  located.  The 
bedrooms  are  disposed  in  the  rear  portion  and 
the  three  projecting  wings.  An  abundance  of 
air  is  available  for  the  bedrooms  and  bath- 
rooms, which,  in  all  cases,  have  windows  open- 
ing on  to  street  fronts  or  courts,  which  are 
fortv-four  feet  wide.  All  staircases  are  enclosed 


TIIK    I>I!A\V1.NG   l;(K>.M     MANTEL,    HOTEL    PALLISEK,   CAHiARY,   ALTA. 


THB   DRAWING   ROOM,   HOTEL    PALLISER,   CALGARY,   ALTA. 

by  wired  glass  doors,  and  interior  fire  escape 
staircases  exist  in  each  wing,  as  well  as  in  the 
main  portion. 

There  are  three  hundred  and  fifteen  guests' 
bedrooms  in  the  hotel.  This  includes  sitting 
rooms,  which  can  be  used,  if  desired,  as  bed- 
looms.  There  are  two  hundred  and  forty-nine 
guests'  bathrooms.  The  rooms  have  table  lamps 
and  telephones  on  the  bedside  tables ;  two  lights 
for  the  bureau;  a  light  over  the  bathroom  door 
(which  has  a  large  mirror),  and  wall  brackets 
where  necessary.  The  bathrooms  have  tiled 
walls,  vitreous  tile  floors,  recessed  mirror- 
(loored  medicine  cabinets,  solid  porcelain  basins 
and  bathtubs,  and  a  window  in  each  room.  The 
pipes  are  in  ducts  accessible  at  each  floor.  Ice 
cold  drinking  water  is  sui)))lied  to  each  basin. 

Electric  "maid-signal"  devices  are  installed, 
indicating  by  a  lighted  electric  lamp  over  the 
door  tlie  room  in  which  the  maid  is  at  work,  and 
indicating  also  in  the  office  of  the  hotel.  In  ad- 
dition to  the  guests'  telephones,  there  is  a  pri- 
vate interphone  system  for  the  use  of  the  hotel 
staff. 

On  the  top  floor  in  the  east  wing,  there  are 
six  bedrooms  for  tlie  chef  and  other  male  help, 
and  ten  rooms  for  the  housekeeper  and  female 
hel[),  the  latter  being  disposed  in  large  rooms 
that  accommodate  as  many  as  six  beds. 

On  the  roof  there  is  a  sun  parlor,  thirty  feet 
by  sixty-seven  feet,  reached  by  a  staircase  and 
the  elevators.  Adjoining  is  a  well  equipped 
service  room,  from  which,  refreshments  of  the 


CONSTRUCTION 


389 


GENERAL  VIEW  OF    GENTLEMEN  S    CAFE,    HOTEL    PALLISER,  CALGARY,  ALTA. 

lighter  variety  are  dispensed.  A  portion  of  the 
roof  forms  a  terrace,  where  tables  and  palms 
add  to  the  invitingness  of  an  unsurpassed  view 
of  the  distant  Rocky  Mountains. 

The  columns  and  beams  of  the  hotel  are  of 
steel,  the  floor  construction  of  concrete,  and  the 
partition  work  of  plaster  blocks.  The  exterior 
for  a  height  of  two  stories  is  of  Indiana  lime- 
stone, then  large  sized  Columbus  brick  to  match 
the  stone  for  six  stories,  finished  with  a  cornice 
of  metal,  which  will  be  removed  when  the  five 
stories  are  added,  which  the  steel  frame  is  de- 
signed to  carry. 

The  pergolas  on  the  front  are  entered  from 
the  ballroom,  and  arc  of  wood.  Flower  boxes 
are  provided,  the  intention  being  to  grow  vines 
over  the  roof  beams,  and  flowers  in  the  boxes. 

The  contractors  were  Peter  Lyall  &  Sons 
Construction  Company,  and  their  work  has  been 
well  executed. 


Excessive  Water  Consumption 

The  excessive  water  consum]:»tioii  in  Can- 
adian cities  constitutes  a  very  serious  problem. 
The  average  daily  consumi)tion  in  the  Dominion 
is  one  hundred  and  eleven  gallons  per  cai)ita; 
in  individual  |)rovinces  it  reaches  as  high  as  one 
livmdred  and  forty-three  gallons  per  eainta.  and 
in  certain  centres  of  fairly  large  size  attains  a 
maximum  of  two  hundred  and  ninety-two  gal- 
lons. There  is  no  doubt  that  those  fii>-ures  can 
easily  be  lowered.  The  consumiitioii  in  (ireat 
Britain  is  below  twenty-five  gallons  in  several 
cases,  and  the  highest  rate  is  only  seventy  gal- 
lons per  capita. 


That  the  more  extensive  use  of  meters  would 
remedy  conditions  to  a  great  extent  is  shown  by 
two  of  our  prairie  provinces,  Manitoba  and  Sas- 
katchewan, where  meters  are  more  widely  used 
than  elsewhere,  and  where  the  average  consump- 
tion falls  to  fifty  gallons  and  fifty-five  gallons, 
respectively— less  than  half  the  average  for  the 
remaining  provinces.  Nor  would  the  introduc- 
tion of  meters  mean  an  increased  cost  to  con- 
sumers. The  average  estimated  cost  of  water 
for  Canada  is  ten  and  nine-tenths  cents  per  thou- 
sand gallons,  the  only  provinces  materially  ex- 
ceeding this  being  the  two  prairie  provinces, 
where  meter  rates  have  already  been  widely 
adopted.  The  rates  charged  on  the  meter  basis 
could  be  adjusted  to  meet  different  local  condi- 
tions, so  that  the  amount  paid  by  each  consumer 
would  be  practically  the  same  as  at  present,  but 
all  wastes  would  be  avoided.  Many  Canadian 
municipalities  have  both  flat  and  meter  rates  in 
force,  the  consumer  having  the  choice  between 
the  two,  but  as  a  rule  the  meter  rates  are  so 
ridiculously  high  for  the  average  consumer  that 
there  is  in  reality  no  choice.  For  instance,  al- 
though the  estimated  cost  for  Canada  is  ten  and 
nine-tenths  cents  per  thousand  gallons,  numer- 
ous cities  and  towns  charge  thirty  cents  and 
over,  with  several  charging  even  over  one  dollar 
per  thousand  gallons.  Our  excessive  consump- 
tion is  not  due  to  the  liberal  and  beneficial  use 
of  water,  but  to  the  careless  waste  by  a  few  con- 
sumers in  each  community.  Meters  will  not  ef- 
fect former  but  will  effectivelv  check  the  latter. 


1^ 

^S^^-^¥  '        v^^^^^^^B^^H^^^^^^^^^^I 

/--'  ^E  I^Hh 

■  ^^H               .^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^HBkHif*'-^w..^i 

VIEW  IN  THE  CAFE,  HOTEL  TALLISBK,  CALGARY,  ALTA. 


J'AJ 


CONSTRUCTION 


GCNsmjcnoN 

A   JOURNAL  •  FOR  •  THE    ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERING    AND    CONTRACTING 

INTERESTS    OF    CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER,  LIMITED.  PUBLISHERS 

Corner    Richmond    and    Sheppard    Street* 

Toronto  -  -  Canada 


BRANCH  OFFICES  : 
MONTREAL— 171  St.  James  Street 

K     II.    Mlllliii!.    Ki'incsfiiluilK-. 

WINNIPEG— 336  Qu'Appelle  Street 

Telt'pliime    (iarrv    ;i22(t. 
y.   I'.    I'li'kWfll,    ItFlirt'sriitatlvr. 

NEW   YORK— 156  Fifth  Avenue 


A.    H, 


llfprcsfritatlvi' 


CORRESPONDENCE.  All  .iirreHpcinclciici'  sliiiiilil  1*  aililrw«etl  to  ■•('OXSTltlC- 
TKlN."    r.iriuT    Itlclimonil   and    Sheppartl    Strwls.    Toronto.    Tanaila. 

SUBSCRIPTIONS. — I'aiiaila  and  O.real  Itrllalti,  *:i.00  ixir  annum.  Inlled  Slatex. 
ilu-  t'ominfiil  and  all  Tiwljil  T'nion  countries.  $4.00  i)er  annum.  In  advaiii-e. 
slnulf   rojiU's.    :l.'.c, 

ADVERTISEMENTS.  -I'liatiKt'^  of.  or  new  advertlseitienls  must  reach  tlie  Head 
tmicc  Min  later  llian  the  twentieth  of  the  month  precetllnK  puhlicatlon.  to 
cn^^lrc  Insertion.  .MallliiK  date  is  on  the  tenth  of  each  month.  Advertising 
rates   <in    application. 

CONTRIBUTIONS.— The  Kdilor  will  be  Klad  to  consider  contributions  dealing 
with  matters  of  general  Interest  to  the  readers  of  (his  .lournal.  When  payment 
Is  desired,  this  fact  should  W  state<l.  We  are  always  ulail  to  ret-eive  the  loan 
4if  pliotoitraphs  and  plans  of  Interestint!  Canadian  work.  The  originals  will  lie 
carefully  preserved  and  returned. 
Entered   at  Second   Class    Matter   In    the   Post   Office   at    Toronto.    Canada. 


KR.\SEK  S.   KKITH 


KDITOH  AXI>  M.\X AGKK 


Vol. IX    Toronto, November,  1 916   No.ll 

Definite  Specifying 

Coninu'iiting  on  tlic  ciistoiii  of  many  arclii- 
tocts  avoiding  niaking  a  defiiiito  specification 
the  literature  of  one  manufactui-er  dealing  with 
this  subject  is  enlightening.  He  evidently  feels 
very  strongly,  as  the  following  connneuts  sliow: 
"The  man  who,  desiring  one  article,  device  or 
equipment  will  ])lacidly  accept  something  else, 
is  not  an  admirable  or  dignified  figure.  Knowl- 
edge he  may  luive  and  discrimination,  but  his 
lack  of  courage  stamjjs  him  as  a  spineless  crea- 
ture unworthy  of  responsibility,  too  weak  to 
back  his  judgment  with  insistence  — a  mere  tera- 
jyorizer  with  conditions — devoid  of  confidence 
in  himself,  and,  therefore,  undeserving  of  tlie 
confidence  of  others."  .  .  "Two  of  the 
greatest  things  to  be  accomi)lished  in  the  build- 
ing \v()i-ld  are  the  elimination  of  substitution 
and  the  creation  of  an  overpowering  insistence 
upon  conformity  with  specifications."  .  .  . 
"To  every  act  of  substitution  there  are  two 
parties,  the  one  who  offers  the  substitution  and 
the  one  who  accei)ts  it;  and  so  long  as  there  are 
those  who  will  invite  and  accept  substitutions, 
so  long  will  there  be  those  who  will  offer  them. 
The  prime  responsibiiity  for  correcting  this  evil 
lies,  then,  with  those  who  are  primarily  re- 
sponsible t'oi-  its  existence.  And  in  the  building 
world  tlu'sc  arc  the  architects  who  will  not  write 


a  definite  specification  and  then  stand  back  of 
it."  .  .  "Why  does  any  manufacturer  put 
on  tlie  market  a  cut-i)rice  article?  Granting 
liiin  what  you  will  of  hunumitarian  motive,  he 
certainly  (Ices  not  intend  to  lose  money,  or  to 
earn  any  less  ])rofit  per  dollar  of  investment 
than  his  higher-priced  competitor.  His  primary 
object  is  to  divert  into  his  own  pocket  profits 
that  are  going  to  his  competitor." 

The  above  opinion  is  doubtless  shared  by  a 
great  majority  of  reputable  manufacturers,  who 
are  as  a  class  advocates  of  a  definite  s])ecifica- 
tion.  There  is  no  reason  to  believe  that  repu- 
table manufacturers  are  given  to  taking  ad- 
vantage of  a  definite  specification,  while  tlie 
loophole  left  where  the  words  "or  equal"  are 
inserted  often  give  rise  to  dispute,  annoyance 
and  dissatisfaction. 

Generally  speaking,  there  are  distinct  advan- 
tages to  be  gained  by  specifying  definitely  the 
material,  e(jui))meiit,  or  apparatus  desired,  and 
then  insisting  on  having  it  unless  there  are  good 
reasons  why  that  particular  article  or  material 
cannot  be  secured. 


Educating  The  Public  ■*" 

pjvery  architect  will  admit  that  there  is  much 
to  be  done  in  the  way  of  educating,  not  only  the 
general  public,  but  all  firms  and  i)ersons  inter- 
ested in  building  operations,  with  a  view  of  ob- 
taining a  grejiter  appreciation  of  the  work  of 
architects,  both  as  individuals  and  collectively. 
Too  often,  in  fact  invariably^  when  a  building 
is  erected  the  name  of  the  architect  is  forgot- 
ten by  those  familiar  with  the  building,  or  who 
have  occasion  to  nuike  use  of  it.  The  accepted 
reluctance  on  the  part  of  architects  to  using  any 
form  of  advertising  when  a  building  is  under 
construction  may  be  the  underlying  cause. 

It  is  a  notable  fact  that  in  newspaper  descrip- 
tions of  buildings,  for  instance,  at  the  laying  of 
a  cornerstone,  the  architect's  name  is  very  often 
not  mentioned.  Tn  such  cases  it  is  an  illustra- 
tion of  self-effacement  being  carried  to  an  ex- 
treme limit,  mitigating  against  the  ])rofession 
generally".  When  one  considers  the  amount  of 
thought  and  training  necessary  for  the  creation 
of  an  important  structure,  it  is  hard  to  under- 
stand why  the  name  of  the  man  whose  creative 
genius  and  ins])iration  have  developed  a  monu- 
ment of  brick  or  stone,  or  concrete  or  other 
material,  is  not  in  some  way  indelibly  connected 
with  tlie  structure.  A  brick  or  a  stone  or  a  small 
{)late  could  be  easily  attached  or  made  part  of 
the  building  bearing  the  architect's  name.  Many 
architects  would  object  to  this  suggestion,  but  it 
would  help  to  eliminate  to  some  extent  the  lack 
of  due  publicity  current  at  present.  Profes- 
sional etiquette  may  require  certain  restrictions 
regarding  jmblicity,  but  carried  to  an  extreme 
it  works  an  injury  on  the  profession. 

Every  newspaper  description  of-  a  building 


CONSTRUCTION 


391 


should  mention  the  architect,  and  every  illustra- 
tion of  a  new  building  should  carry  the  archi- 
tect's name  imderneath.  A  circular  from  the 
Royal  Institute  of  Canadian  Architects  to  the 
editor  of  every  publication  in  Canada  would  do 
much  in  this  connection. 

A  suggestion  which  was  carried  out  by  the 
Iowa  Chapter  of  the  American  Institute  of  Ar- 
chitects was  the  issuing  of  a  circular  for  free 
distribution  amongst  those  interested  in  build- 
ing operations.     It  contains  a  brief  outline  of 
the  vital  elements  in  connection  with  building- 
activities.     It  explains  the  architect's  function 
and  status  of  a  professional  man,  and  the  con- 
sideration which  iShould  influence  the  owner  in 
the  selection  of  an  architect.    In  such  a  circular 
advice  should  be  given  regarding  the  treatment 
clients    should   accord    their   architects,   whicli 
could  be  done  in  a  way  towards  influencing  the 
owners  against  interference  or  the  general  ten- 
dency of  making  too  many  suggestions,  ajjtly 
described  in  the  following  lines  by  J.  G.  Hol- 
land :  j  - ' 
"Can  you  tell  me -why 
Men  with  a  taste  for  art  in  fuiest  forms 
Cherish  the  fancy  that  they  may  become. 
Of  art,  art's  masters?    You  shall  see  a  man 
Who  never  drew  a  line  nor  struck  an  arc 
Direct  an  architect,  and  spoil  his  work. 
Because,  forsooth !  he  likes  a  tasteful  house ! 
He  likes  a  muffin,  but  he  does  not  go 
Into  his  kitchen  to  instruct  his  cook; 
Nay,  that  were  insult.  He  admires  fine  clothes. 
But  trusts  his  tailor.    Only  in  those  arts 
Which  issue  from  creative  potencies 
Does  his  conceit  engage  him." 
To  improve  the  conditions  under  which  the 
architect  works,  and  to  establish  a  proper  a])- 
preciation  of  the  profession  by  public  enlighten- 
ment and  the  method  of  doing  so,  or  the  proced- 
ure to  be  adopted,  rests  largely  with  the  archi- 
tects themselves.    There  is  much  that  can,  and 
should  be  done,  in  this  direction. 


Assisting  The  Returned  Soldier 

An  appeal  issued  by  Mr.  A.  R.  Doble,  Presi- 
dent of  the  Khaki  League  of  Canada,  on  behalf 
of  returned  soldiers,  strikes  a  note  that  will  find 
a  sympathetic  chord  in  the  heart  of  every  Can- 
adian. The  men  who  have  fought,  and  are  fight- 
ing our  battles,  deserve  consideration  to  a 
superlative  degree  at  the  hands  of  those  who 
did  not  go  to  the  front.  A  debt  is  due  them  that 
money  cannot  pay,  but  that  can  be  met  in  part 
by  a  due  appreciation  and  a  proper  attitude 
towards  them  for  their  gallantry  and  self-sacri- 
fice. 

When  you  see  in  the  papers  that  any  of  the 
boys  are  returning  to  your  neighborhood,  reads 
the  appeal,  get  together  with  a  few  of  your 
neighbors  and  give  them  a  hearty  reception. 
Don't    treat    them    to    alcoholic    refreshments. 


Many  of  the  men  are  not  in  normal  state,  owing 
to  what  they  have  been  through.  While,  under 
ordinary  circumstances,  a  drink  might  do  them 
no  harm,  under  present  conditions  it  might  be  a 
very  bad  thing  for  them.  You  will  not  wish  to 
do  an  injury  to  those  who  have  endured  so  much 
for  you.  Find  out  what  jobs  are  vacant  in  your 
community.  Make  it  a  matter  of  pride  for  em- 
ployers to  give  the  first  chance  to  a  returned 
soldier.  Encourage  the  men  to  get  back  to 
work.  Loafing  is  bad  for  them,  as  it  is  for  any 
of  us.  If  you  are  an  employer,  give  the  re- 
turned soldiers  a  fair  show.  It  may  take  a  little 
time  for  them  to  get  their  bearings.  Have  pa- 
tience with  them,  and  encourage  them— they 
have  suffered  so  much  for  you.  Be  in  a  position 
to  advise  the  returned  soldier  where  to  go  in 
case  of  need.  If  you  see  one  in  any  difficulty, 
try  to  help  him  out,  or  go  with  him  where  he  can 
get  proper  attention.    Help  the  men  who  have 

helped  you. 

»  ♦  • — ■ 

Competition  Re-Opened 

The  Australian  Government  has  announced 
the  resumption  of  the  International  architec- 
tural competition  for  the  purpose  of  selecting 
the  architect  for  the  Parliament  House  and  pos- 
sibly incidentally  an  additional  architect  for 
other  Government  structures  of  the  new  federal 
capital  city,  Canberra.  Only  tentative  outline 
sketch  designs  for  the  buildings  are  requested, 
and  eight  prizes  are  offered,  aggregating  £6,000, 
the  first  being  £2,000,  in  addition  to  commission 
for  service  at  the  scale  of  the  Royal  Institute  of 
British  Architects.  T^he  designs  may  be  sub- 
mitted in  either  Melbourne  or  London  by  Jan- 
uary ."Jl,  and  will  be  judged  by  the  following 
jury  of  architects,  whose  decision  will  be  final: 
Messrs.  George  T.  Poole  (of  Australia),  Sir 
John  J.  Burnet  (of  London),  Victor  Laloux  (of 
Paris),  Louis  H.  Sullivan  (of  Chicago),  and 
Eliel  Saarinen  (of  Russia).  The  programme 
will  be  issued  to  any  practising  architect  on  ap- 
plication to  the  High  Commissioner  for  Aus- 
tralia, 72  Victoria  street,  Westminster,  London, 
or  to  the  Works'  Departments  respectively  of 
the  British  Dominions,  or  to  the  British  Em- 
bassies at  Madrid,  Paris,  Rome,  Petrograd, 
Stockholm,  or  Washington,  from  which  foreign 
offices,  as  well  as  the  High  Commissioner,  sup- 
l)lemental  texts  in  French  or  Esperanto  may 
also  be  obtained  when  prepared. 

The  Australian  Government  has  been  freely 
criticized  by  members  of  the  Royal  Institute  of 
British  Architects  for  re-opening  the  competi- 
tion during  the  period  of  the  war.  It  is  claimed 
that  owing  to  the  large  number  of  architects 
being  deprived  of  entering  the  competition  since 
they  are  serving  their  country,  it  would  be  only 
fair  to  delay  until  the  conclusion  of  the  war, 
when  an  equal  opportunity  would  be  afforded 
to  all. 


Modern  Practice  in  The  Design  of  Bank  Vaults 


The   Requirements   of    Small   Ban\s. 


No  single  problem  In  the  entire  field  of  vault  design  i«  more 
illtHrtilt  of  natUfactory  solution  than  that  of  the  rountry  bank 
vault.  Th**  attempted  answers,  as  evltienced  by  work  Installed, 
run  from  no  vault  at  all,  or  merely  a  safe  and  too  frequently  a 
poor  one  at  tl»it,  tf)  vault  eonstruotlon  so  expensive  as  to  appear 
unwarranteil. 

How  nuieh  money  a  bank  In  the  country  or  in  a  small  eity  is 
justified  in  spending  for  the  protection  of  such  of  its  funds  and 
securities,  and  tlie  (H>llatt.>ral  of  Its  <'UStoiners,  as  it  tnust  keep 
on  tile  prends<*s,  and  how  this  expense  should  be  distributed,  is 
the  question.  This  can  only  be  settled  after  a  careful  considera- 
tion of  many  factors,  IncludlnK  the  character  of  tlie  itank  imiid- 
InK,  its  Inum'diate  environment,  the  size  of  the  town  or  city, 
charucter  of  the  community,  possibility  of  l)ur>;lary  or  mob  at- 
tack, and  other  similar  conditions,  a  comprehensive  digest  of 
which  will  decide  whether  the  outfit  should  Include  a  vault,  a 
safe,  electric  protection,  watchman  or  burglar  Insurance,  or  all, 
and  what  should  be  the  proportionate  cost  of  each. 

Many  institutions  depend  almost  wholly  upon  burglar  insur- 
ance, many  others  upon  insurance  plus  electric  protection,  the 
addition  of  which  materially  reduces  the  Insurance  iiremium. 
Others  add  a  fairly  good  safe,  although  of  course  all  have  some 
sort  of  enclosed  storage  space  usually  dignified  by  that  name, 
which  Is  often  a  misnomer.  The  good  safe  still  further  cuts  the 
insurance  rate.  .V  majority  of  country  imnks,  however,  have 
vaults  varying  in  strength  from  an  ordinary  brick  enclosure 
without  a  lining,  and  fitted  with  the  cheapest  kind  of  so-called 
fireproof  doors,   up  to  really  good  construction. 

A  practice  unfortunately  becoming  too  common  is  the  use  of 
showy  bolt  work,  crane  liinges.  and  pressure  mechanism  set 
upon  ordinary  cement  lUled,  fireproof  doors  to  produce  the  im- 
pression that  such  doors  are  really  burglar  proof.  The  public 
has  no  way  of  Judging  the  strength  of  any  safe  or  vault  except 
liy  its  outward  appearance,  and  it  is  questionable  advertising  to 
dress  a  fireproof  vault  to  appear  as  one  of  burglar  proof  con- 
struction. 

Unfortunately  for  the  peace  of  mind  of  the  banker,  who  must 
limit  his  expenditure  for  safe  and  vault  construction,  the  ele- 
ment of  resistance  against  which  he  must  build  is  identical  with 
that  which  menaces  the  url)an  banker;  for  tire  burns  as  hotly 
in  the  country  as  it  does  in  the  city,  and  the  expert  burglar  will 
not  confine  his  attentions  to  the  largest  banks.  The  same  appli- 
ances and  the  same  skill  in  their  use  may  be  brought  to  bear 
e<iuaily  in  any  part  of  the  country,  and  while  the  amount  of 
moneys  carried  by  the  smaller  and  more  remote  institutions  is 
not  so  attractive  as  that  carried  in  the  great  vaults  of  the  cities, 
yet  the  opportunities  for  attack  and  successful  get-away  are  far 
greater,  and  this  condition  should  not  be  lost  sight  of. 

The  accompanying  outline  plan  and  section  are  suggested  as 


-  AISLE 
•  -SCCUHHy  »fiO  COIN  lOCKtas 
C- GRILL     OATE 
D-SAFE    DEPOSIT    BOXES 
t- COMBINATION    LOCKS    AND    B(JlT    IMBOWINC 

MECHANISM    IN  HOUSING 
r  -  DAY    GATE 
G-FOOT    PLATE 
H-BOLT    TMBOKVING    HANDLE 
I -PRESSURE    HOUSING 
J    COMBINATION    LOCK    DIALS 
K-RElNFOHCEO     CONCRETE 
t- AHTI  CUTTER-BURNER    SECTION 
n  -  BOLT   TWRH 
N-TIMC   LOCK    HOUSED  IN 
0    GLASS    DOOR 
P-CAST    BOLT     FRAME 


-  LAMINATED    CONSTRUCTION 
low    STEEL   CASTING 
PRESSURE     MECHANISM 

ELECTRIC  PROTECTION  COVER  OOORS  K  STILES 
-EKTERIOR    FINISH 

-  ELECTRIC    PROTECTION    PANELS 

RAIL  OR   ROD   REINFORCED   CONCRETE 

-  TOOL   AND    CUTTER    BURNER     RESISTING 

LINING 


representlHK  a  good  type  of  fairly  low  cost,  eltectlve  conutruc- 
llon.  The  metal  lining  should  be  approximately  two  Inches  in 
thickness.  Iiullt  up  of  layers  of  various  materials  combining 
i|ualities  resistant  to  sliock.  tearing  effects  of  explosives  and 
tools,  cutting  and  firllllng  instruments,  and  to  the  oxy-acetylene 
cutter- burner.  This  lining  shoidd  he  surroutuled,  without  air 
space,  by  a  rod  or  mil  reiiiforcE'd  concrete  wall  j>oured  mono- 
lithically.  This  wall,  in  turn,  should  be  covered  on  all  six  sides 
with  the  panels  of  an  electric  protection  equipment,  either  cen- 
tral oflice  or  isolated  alarm  system,  this  in  turn  protected  i>y  an 
exterior  finish,  either  of  steE'l  panels,  marble,  removable  piaster 
sections,  or  wood,  as  may  be  determined  by  the  architect. 

The  entrance  should  be  iirotected  by  a  single  straight  flange 
door  approximatel>'  eighteen  inches  In  thickness,  having  care- 
fully ground  Joints  and  built  up  of  composite  construction,  in- 
cluding a  face  casting  carrying  reinforced  concrete  and  anti- 
cutter-hurner  section,  and  inner  sections  corresponding  in  prin- 
ciple to  the  general  make-up  of  the  lining,  hut  very  much 
heavier.  These  thicknesses  may  he  reduced  if  the  cost  is  pro- 
hibitive, although  such  a  reduction   is  not  deslralile. 

The  vault  should  be  set  In  such  position  as  to  pernvit  free 
observation  of  all  sides,  top  and  bottom,  and  also  to  provide 
access  to  the  ele<'tric  protection  panel  work  for  inspection  or 
repairs.  An  open  foundation  Is  the  best,  although,  because  of 
the  difficulty  of  successfully  attacking  a  vault  from  the  bottom, 
the  use  of  an  enclosed  foundation  as  a  fireproof  vault  is  not 
particularly  objectionable. 

Fireproof  vaults  are  frequently  built  alongside  of  and  abut- 
ting security  vaults,  which  is  unwise  practice  tiecause  of  the 
ease  with  which  the  fireproof  vault  may  be  entered  and  the 
cover  afforded  for  burglarious  operations.     Lowering  platforms 


Plan  of  Typical  Bank  Vault  of  Effective  Construction  and 
Moderate  Cost 


Lon::tlu<linal  Section  Uirou'ih  Typical  hank  Vaull 


or  tilting  floor  sections  are  not  necessary  if  the  splay  of  the 
bottom  Jamb  is  reduced  to  a  minimum  In  which  case  an  incline 
foot-plate  may  be  Installed  even  where  trucks  are  to  be  rolled 
into  the  vaults,  as  the  rise  need  not  be  more  than  two  inches  in 
two  feet.  The  floor  in  front  of  the  vault  at  the  front  edge  of 
the  foot-plate  should  be  recessed  to  permit  the  plate  to  sink  In 
flush.  .\  substantial  day  gate  is  always  desirable,  which  should 
be  provided  with  a  latch  lock  to  lie  opened  with  a  key  from 
either  side.  The  use  of  an  inside  knob  for  unlocking  robs  the 
gate  of  practically  all  of  its  security. 

The  acconrpanying  drawings  show  an  installation  of  safe 
deposit  boxes  in  addition  to  the  bank's  lockers,  and  this  practice 
cannot  be  too  highly  recommended.  The  revenue  from  even  a 
small  lot  of  boxes  goes  far  toward  paying  the  interest  upon  the 
cost  of  the  vault.  In  addition  to  the  convenience  afforded  the 
bank's  customers  and  the  advertising  secured  by  liringing  the 
vault  work  to  the  attention  of  the  public,  it  is  also  a  valuable 
factor  in  establishing  closer  relations  between  the  bank  and  its 
customers. 

The  safe  deposit  boxes  should  lie  ample  in  size  and  the  unit 
width  should  be  not  less  than  five  and  a  half  inches.  This  pro- 
vides a  double  unit  box  of  sufficient  width  to  store  securities 
laid  crosswise,  and  the  recently  adopted  outside  depth  of  twenty- 
six  inches — two  inches  greater  than  the  older  standard — is 
appreciated  by  box  renters  as  it  provides  room  for  two  lengths 
of  securities  in  the  tin  box  with  a  space  in  front  for  Jewelry,  etc. 

It  is  a  mistake  to  economize  in  connection  with  the  safe  de- 
posit boxes  by  using  cheap  key  locks.  The  lock  has  always  been 
the  weakest  point  in  the  safe  deposit  business,  and  the  highest 
grade  of  interchangeable  key  locks  should  be  selected  mainly 
for  their  intrinsic  value  and  partly  for  the  advertising  which 
they   furnish. 

It  is  customary  to  divide  by  grille  work  the  sections  of  the 
vault  which  are  used  by  the  public  and  by  the  bank,  and  this  is 
always  to  be  advised.  The  construction  of  the  liank  lockers  as 
shown  is  an  improvement  over  the  older  designs  in  that  the  door 
opening  is  the  full  size  of  the  interior  of  the  locker,  there  being 
no  return  angle  frames.  This  is  not  only  a  matter  of  conveni- 
ence where  loose  storage  is  concerned,  but  permits  the  use  of 
the  entire  closet  where  filing  devices  are  used. 

.Small  vaults  are  seldom  provided  with  electric  call  buttons, 
hut  their  use  is  recommended  for  obvious  reasons.  Floor  tile 
of  any  character  can  be  used,  hut  cork  has  proven  particularly 
satisfactory  except  for  very  large,  public  vaults  where  a  more 
dignified   material  is  to  be  preferred. 

Klectric  protection  has  been  mentioned,  and  is  shown  on  the 
drawing  as  a  part  of  the  equipment.  In  explanation  It  may  be 
stated  positively  that  no  vault  can  be  built  to-day.  at  a  cost  not 
prohibitive  to  the  country  bank,  which  will  withstand  an  up-to- 
date  burglarious  attack  of  a  day's  duration.  Consequently,  some 
dependence  must  be  placed  upon  other  factors,  and  electric  pro- 
tection  is  one. 

There  are  several  different  systems  in  operation,  not  all  of 
equal   value,    and   expert   and    unbiased   opinion   should   be   had 


392 


CONSTRUCTION 


393 


before  making  a  selection.  These  statements  must  not  l>e  talcen 
as  a  corroboration  of  the  position  so  frequently  advocated  by 
salesmen  of  electric  protection  outfits,  that  a  protective  instal- 
lation in  connection  with  fireproof  walls  is  all  that  is  really 
necessary.  All  arguments  in  support  of  such  a  stand  are  fal- 
lacious, although  often  accepted  by  banks,  as  is  evidenced  by 
the  existing  great  number  of  protected  fireproof  vaults  used  for 
bank  and  safe  deposit  purposes.  In  the  last  analysis,  electric 
protection  means  simply  a  watchman,  and  full  reliance  must 
not  be  placed  upon  it.  All  banks  should  have  some  form  of 
mechanical  and  structural  protection.  Electric  protection  is  by 
no  means  Infallible,  although  it  is  generally  so  represented.  It 
has  weak  points  like  other  human  productions.  Even  if  it  were 
perfect,  there  is  naturally  nothing  about  it  which  provides  a 
physical  stop  to  a  burglar  or  mob,  and  it  would  be  quite  prac- 
ticable in  many  cases  to  ignore  this  protection,  enter  the  vault, 
and  make  a  get-away  before  the  watchmen  or  public  summoned 
by  the  alarm  could  interfea-e,  to  say  nothing  of  the  often  proved 
possibility  of  standing  off  such  interference  with  firearms  and 
so  extending  the  time  for  operating. 

Electric  protection  performs  one  service.  However,  that  makes 
it  a  necessary  adjunct  even  to  the  very  strongest  vaults.  It 
effectually  protects  against  the  unauthorized  entering  of  the 
vault,  out  of  business  hours,  by  the  officers  or  employees  of  the 
bank  who  may  know  the  combinations  of  the  locks  and  be  in  a 
position  to  trick  the  time  locks  or  to  see  that  they  are  not 
wound  or  are  underwound  at  closing  time,  and,  indeed,  that  is 
the  only  reason  why  it  is  in  use  on  many  of  the  heaviest  vaults 
in  the  country — ^vaults  that  are  more  than  burglar  proof,  that 
were  built  to  resist  organized  mobs  with  aill  the  machinery  that 
they  could  command. 

L/ighting  the  vault  would  seem  a  simple  matter,  and  one  that 
would  ordinarily  call  for  no  special  thought,  but,  as  with  most 
similar  subjects,  there  are  right  and  wrong  ways.  The  location 
of  the  lighting  fixtures  should  be  studied  with  reference  to  tb? 
interior  equipment,  especially  if  filing  devices  are  to  be  used. 
They  should  usually  be  of  low  design,  to  lie  close  to  the  ceiling 
and  permit  the  locker  doors  to  be  as  high  as  possible  and  clear 
the  fixtures  in  their  swing;  also  to  allow  safe  deposit  boxes  to 
run  as  near  to  the  ceiling  as  practicable.  Vault  space  is  valu- 
able, even  that  near  the  top  which  should  be  made  conveniently 
available.  It  goes  without  saying  that  the  light  should  be 
pdentiful,  soft,  and  evenly  distributed.  Where  more  than  one 
circuit  is  used,  fixtures  should  be  so  wired  that  the  blowing  of 
a  fuse  would  not  put  out  all  of  the  lights  in  any  fixture.  If  the 
vault  is  large  or  more  than  one  story  in  height,  and  this  state- 
ment refers  to  large  fireproof  as  well  as  to  security  vaults,  con- 
tinuous burning  night-lights  are  necessary  to  permit  an.v  one 
accidentally  locked  in  to  find  the  telephone  and  to  assist  those 
outside  in  effecting  his  release.  It  is  sometimes  desirable  to 
install  a  low  tension  system  of  lighting,  which  would  automatic- 
ally be  thrown  on  if  the  high  tension  system  should  be  put  out 
of  commission,  so  that  the  vault  would  at  no  time  be  dark.  The 
common  method  of  carrying  the  current  into  the  vault  by  means 
of  a  flexible  cord  with  plug  connection  is  not  to  be  recom- 
mended; it  is  inconvenient,  the  door  is  often  closed  upon  the 
cord  and  a  fuse  is  blown,  a  delay  is  generally  experienced  in 
getting  new  cords,  and  it  is  a  positive  source  of  danger  in  con- 
nection with  a  large  safe  deposit  vault  where  unauthorized  in- 
terference would  put  the  vault   in  darkness. 

Properly  Installed  and  permanently  located,  lead  covered 
wires  may  be  built  through  the  vault  construction  from  the 
bottom  upward  without  affecting  its  security.  A  switch  may  be 
located  at  a  convenient  point  on  the  front  of  the  vestibule;  if 
the  vault  ds  large,  this  should  t>e  a  momentary  contact  button 
with  a  pilot  light,  the  button  actuating  an  automatic  switch. 

Too  frequently  an  architect  is  so  limited  by  the  bank's  appro- 
priation for  the  building  that  work  even  approximating  the 
character  above  indicated  is  out  of  the  question  and  he  is  con- 
strained to  build  a  fireproof  vault  and  allow  the  bank  to  buy  a 
so-called  burglar-proof  safe  and  place  it  inside  the  vault.  This 
is  quite  common  practice,  but  it  cannot  be  too  strongly  con- 
demned. No  safe  that  would  be  purchased  under  such  condi- 
tions is  sufficiently  strong  to  withstand  burglarious  attack  for 
any  considerable  length  of  time,  and  to  enclose  it  in  a  fireproof 
vault  is  simply  to  furnish  protection  to  the  burglar  while  he 
operates,  not  only  giving  him  a  concealed  space,  but  also  pro- 
viding an  effectual  noise-proof  chamber,  which  will  eliminate, 
or  at  least  deaden,   the  sound  of  explosions. 

It  is  preferable  to  use  a  burglar-resisting  safe,  enclosed  in  a 
heavy,  fireproof  covering,  and  located  in  such  a  position  as  to  be 
.seen  conveniently  from  the  street.  This  safe  should  be  set  up 
from  the  floor  so  that  the  watchmen,  police,  and  public  could 
see  under  it,  and  mirrors  should  be  provided  and  so  arranged 
that  the  sides,  back,  and  top  can  also  he  readily  observed.  This 
in  conjunction  with  proper  lighting  effects  and  an  electric  pro- 
tection cabinet  is  inexpensive  and  effective. 

Some  t>anks  in  carrjing  out  this  schen>e  have  gone  so  far  as 
to  place  their  safe  in  the  front  window  close  to  the  sidewalk, 
and  as  even  the  ordinary  safe  requires  an  appreciable  amount 
of  time  for  a  successful  attack,  the  chances  for  detection  are  so 
great  as  to  act  as  a  deterrent,  if  not  an  actual  guarantee, 
against  any  attempt. 

Architects  should  caution  their  clients,  however,  against  pur- 
chasing the  ordinar.v  commercial  safe  if  it  is  to  be  used  for  pro- 
tecting any  large  amoimt  of  money  or  securities,  and  should 
recommend  one  specially  built  ur>on  plans  drawn  by  a  competent 
and  unprejudiced  designer  in  the  interest  of  the  bank. 

.\  word  regarding  fireproof  vaults.  These  are  too  frequently 
built  of  walls  so  thin  that  they  will  not  withstand  shock  of  fall- 
ing Iwjdies.  although  they  may  be  fully  fireproof  aside  from  this 
factor.  Walls  of  hard  burned  brick  set  in  rich  cement  mortar 
are  satisfactory  provided,  of  course,  that  the  roof  supporting 
beams  are  full.v  protected.  Concrete,  either  with  or  without 
reinforcement,  except  that  the  top  should  always  be  strength- 
ened, are  more  common  and  are  to  be  depended  upon. 

A  wide  choice  is  to  be  had  from  manufacturers'  designs  in 
the  selection  of  doors.  Where  the  fire  risk  is  slight,  outside 
single  and  inside  folding  doors  of  thin  construction  may  serve; 
but  if  there  is  a  possibility  of  any  considerable  fire,  they  should 
not  be  depended  upon.  A  cement  filled  door,  six  or  eight  inches 
in  thickness,  should  be  used.  Such  doors  have  the  advantage 
of  retiuiring  no  inside  doors  and  so  conserve  both  space  and 
convenience.  Furthermore,  If  the  vault  is  located  in  the  base- 
ment and  there  is  a  water  risk,  door  frames  may  be  grouted 
solidly  to  the  vault  walls  and  the  door  joints  packed  with  com- 
pressible wateri)roof  packing,  against  which  the  door  can  be 
forced  with  a  pressure  handle;  this  will  provide  a  waterproof 
vault,  a  quality  which  is  lacking  in  the  great  majority  of  fire- 
proof vaults. 


The  largest  and  strongest  vaults  in  the  United  States  and 
Canada  have  been  built  from  engineers'  designs,  while  compara- 
tively few  of  the  smaller  vaults  have  received  such  specialized 
attention,  though  every  argument  favoring  the  employment  of 
an  engineer  upon  heavy  work  is  equally  potent  where  lighter 
construction  is  considered.  Indeed,  where  the  expense  is  to  be 
kept  to  a  minimum  such  service  is  even  more  necessary,  as 
every  dollar  should  be  made  to  yield  its  utmost  in  the  way  of 
security,  and  this  can  only  be  accomplished  when  a  full  and 
complete  knowledge  of  the  subject  forms  the  working  basis. 

In  view  of  the  splendid  showing  of  good  design  and  strict 
economy  that  has  been  made  under  such  conditions  within  the 
last  few  years,  the  architect  who  insists  upon  specialized  advice 
and  acquaints  himself  with  the  merit  of  real  vault  construction, 
and  as  far  as  practicable  with  its  details,  makes  no  mistake. 
— Frederick  S.  Holmes,  in  "The  Brickbuilder." 


CONTRACTORS   START    WORK   ON    NICKEL    PLANT. 

Work  has  now  commenced  on  the  new  nickel  plant  for  the 
International  Nickel  Company.  The  Foundation  Company,  Ltd., 
of  Montreal,  have  the  general  contract,  and  will  probably 
supervise  all  the  work  for  the  various  trades.  It  is  estimated 
that  approximately  $5,000,000  will  be  spent  on  the  erection  of 
this  plant.  It  was  not  until  the  latter  part  of  August  that  the 
pubhc  was  aware  of  the  location  of  this  new  industry.  The 
contractors  are  now  advertising  extensively  for  laborers,  and  it 
is  expected  that  a  good  start  will  be  made  before  winter  sets  in. 


BUILDING    RECORD    BEATS    ALL    YEARS. 

According  to  the  figures  handed  out  by  City  Engineer  Brian, 
of  Windsor,  more  building  was  done  in  the  past  ten  months  than 
any  one  year  in  the  history  of  Windsor.  The  figures  for  the 
month  of  October  are:  Seventy-one  permits,  totalling  $162,300, 
as  compared  with  19  permits,  totalling  $41,080  for  October  last 
year,  or  an  increase  of  295  per  cent,  over  last  year.  The  best 
year  in  the  history  of  Windsor  was  in  1913,  when  permits 
totalled  $1,149,000,  but  the  total  for  the  past  ten  months  is 
$1,250,880,  and  beats  these  figures  by  $101,880.  The  total  for  the 
first  ten  months  of  last  year  was  $436,315,  an  increase  for  this 
year  of  $814,566.  The  largest  permit  issued  so  far  this  year  was 
for  the   Windsor   Collegiate   Institute,    $168,000. 


NEW    HOTEL   WILL    BE   BUILT. 

Recent  reports  confirm  the  information  given  in  these  columns 
two  months  ago  concerning  the  new  $2,000,000  hotel  to  be  erect- 
ed on  the  site  of  the  Yonge  Street  Arcade,  Toronto.  This  hotel 
will  form  a  link  in  the  chain  of  hotels  extending  over  the  United 
States  from  coast  to  coast,  and  controlled  and  operated  by  the 
United  Hotels  Co.  Frank  A.  Dudley,  Niagara  Falls,  N.Y.,  is  the 
president.  We  understand  that  Geo.  B.  Post  &  Sons,  architects, 
of  New  York  City,  have  been  retained  to  prepare  plans  for  this 
new  hotel,  which  will  have  six  hundred  guest  rooms  with  baths. 
The  new  hotel,  both  as  regards  design  and  equipment,  will  be 
thoroughly  modern  and  planned  from  experience  derived  in  the 
erection  of  America's  leading  hotels.  'The  site  is  owned  by  the 
Dovercourt  Land,  Building  and  Savings  Co.,  Ltd.,  of  Toronto,  of 
which  Col.  W.  S.  Dinnick  is  the  president. 


■  ♦ 


NEW    GARAGES    FOR    WINNIPEG. 

Winnipeg  is  fast  becoming  an  automobile  centre.  Last  month 
work  was  started  on  two  new  garages,  one  on  Portage  avenue 
for  the  Breen  Motor  Company,  opposite  the  Boyd  Building, 
which  is  expected  to  cost  about  $35,000,  and  the  other  for  the 
Willys-Overland  Company,  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Portage 
avenue  and  Maryland,  which  is  expected  to  cost  about  $75,000. 
Both  will  be  modern  fireproof  structures.  The  Willys-Overland 
garage  will  be  reinforced  concrete  and  brick.  The  Sutherland 
Construction  Company,  a  local  firm,  will  do  the  work,  and  it 
will  be  completed  In  about  two  months'  time.  The  garage  for 
the  Breen  Motor  Company  was  designed  by  Arthur  E.  Cubbidge. 
The  front  will  be  built  of  Missiquoi  Ught  grey  marble,  with 
verde  antique  marble  base  and  trimmings.  The  interior  will  be 
finished  with  mahogany  trim,  maple  floors  and  sand-finished 
walls  in  a  light  grey  color.  These  handsome  structures  will  be 
an  addition  to  Portage  avenue. 


BIG    BOOM     IN    OTTAWA. 

Despite  the  high  cost  of  material  and  labor,  building  opera- 
tions will  be  commenced  in  many  directions  this  fall  in  Ottawa 
at  an  expenditure  of  about  $500,000.  A  four-storey  brick  build- 
ing, suitable  for  manufacturing  purposes,  will  be  built  on  the 
site  of  the  old  Ferguson  property,  Albert  street,  where  once  the 
Grand  Opera  House  stood.  An  apartment  house  will  be  erected 
at  the  comer  of  Laurier  and  Bank,  to  cost  $30,000. 

The  International  Motor  Company  will  enlarge  their  building 
at  a  cost  of  $20,000.  The  Holland  Chambers  will  be  changed 
into  an  apartment  house  by  the  mortgagee  at  a  cost  of  $20,000. 
It  is  rumored  that  Hugh  Carson  intends  to  build  a  large  factory 
with  an  outlay  in  the  neighborhood  of  $60,000.  The  C.  H. 
Cochrane  Company,  spice  manufacturers,  have  purchased  a  site 
on  Breeze  Hill  avenue,  and  will  erect  a  building  to  cost  about 
$20,000.  The  owners  of  property  at  334  Laurier  avenue,  which 
was  recently  damaged  by  fire,  will  change  the  building  into 
apartments  at  a  cost  of  about  $15,000.  Donald  Fraser  will  erect 
an  apartment  house  at  165  and  167  Laurier  avenue,  which  is  ex- 
I)ected  to  cost  about  $20,000.  The  Holla  L.  Grain  Co.  will  erect  a 
large  factory,  costing  about  $25,000  or  more.  The  Bayswater 
Knights  of  Columbus  will  build  on  Spadlna  avenue.  This  build- 
ing will  be  up-to-date  in  every  particular,  and  is  expected  to 
cost  about  $40,000.  McKenzie  Bros.,  undertakers,  are  building 
an  addition  to  their  parlors  at  a  cost  of  about  $15,000.  The 
Beach  Motor  Company  has  selected  a  site  and  will  erect  a 
garage   to  cost  about   $30,000. 

The  Haynes  Motor  Company,  of  Albert  street,  will  also  erect 
a  building  devoted  to  the  assembling  of  cars.  The  total  cost 
will    be    around    $40,000. 

A  new  public  school  Is  now  in  course  of  erection  in  Over- 
brook,  at  the  corner  of  King  Edward  avenue  and  Quill  street. 
It  will  be  finished  by  January  1st.  and  will  cost  $8,000. 


CONSTRUCTION  NEWS 

Information  of  Special  Interest  to  Architects  Contractors,  and  Manufacturers. 
Construction  Building  Reports  will  Give  You  Up-to-date  Information  Every 
Day  on  all  New  Buildings  About  to  be  Erected  or  in  Course  of  Erection. 


BUSINESS   BUILDINGS. 

CHATHAM.  ONT.— The  Dominion  SiiKar  Co..  Ltd.,  will  erect 
an  offloe  luilldlnur  In  connection  with  their  $1,000,000  plant. 

CKKIGHTOM,  ONT.— The  Canadian  Copper  Co.,  Copper  Cliff, 
Ont..  are  erecting  an  oftlco  building,   to  coat  $7B,000. 

nUNDAS,  ONT.— K.  G.  M.  Cape  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  10  Cathcart 
street.  Montreal,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erec. 
tlon  of  an  otllce  building  and  factory,  to  cost  $30,000. 

HAGKRSVILLK,  ONT.— Architect  Gordon  Hutton,  Bank  of 
Hamilton  Building,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  bank  for  the  Bank 
of  Hamilton,  to  cost  $10,000. 

HA.MILTON,  ONT.— Architects  Prack  and  Perrlne,  Lumsden 
Building,  Toronto,  are  preparing  plans  for  an  office  building  for 
the  Canadian  Westlnghouse  Co.,  Ltd.,  to  cost  $150,000. 

NI.\r.AK.\  FALLS,  ONT.— Work  has  started  on  a  bank  build- 
ing for  the  Royal  Bank  of  Canada,  to  cost  $40,000;  C.  M.  Sorter, 
Main  street.  Is  the  architect. 

t)TTA\V.\.  ONT.— MacKenzle  Bros.,  511  Bank  street,  have 
started  work  on  an  ofllce  building,   to  cost  $15,000. 

OTT.WVA.  ONT.— W.  G.  Adanison,  126  SiKirks  street.  Is  erect- 
ing a  business  block  at  the  corner  of  Bank  and  Laurler  streets, 
to  ost  $65,000. 

I'OKT  ARTHUR,  ONT. — Edwin  G.  Pennlman,  Graham  and 
Home  block,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of 
a  business  block,  to  cost  $S0,000. 

TORONTO.  ONT.— Architect  J.  M.  Lyle,  19  Avondale  road, 
has  prepared  plans  for  an  office  building,  to  cost  $7,000;  Jackson- 
Lewis,  Hell  Telephone  Building,  have  been  awarded  the  contract. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Work  has  been  started  on  an  office  build- 
ing for  the  Brown  Brass  and  Copper  Rolling  Mills  at  New  To- 
ronto, which  is  to  cost  $40,000;  Henry  Simpson,  79  Spadina 
avenue,  is  the  architect. 

V,\NC01.'VER,  B.C.— The  Royal  Bank  of  Canada  have  re- 
ceived a  permit  for  alterations  to  the  old  Boulder  Hotel  on  Cor- 
dova street,  which  Is  to  be  made  into  a  branch  bank,  the  cost 
will  be  $10,000.  The  Bell  Telephone  Co.  will  erect  an  exchange 
on  Clarke  street. 

W.VLKERVILLE,  ONT. — The  Bell  Telephone  Co.,  Montreal, 
has  prepared  plans  for  a  telephone  exchange,  to  cost  $20,000. 

WINDSOR,  ONT. — Architects  Walker  and  McPhail,  Tuson 
Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  power  and  office  building,  to 
cost  $100,000.  The  Bell  Telephone  Co.,  Montreal,  are  erecting  a 
telephone  exchange  on  Goyeau  street,  to  cost  $18,000;  W.  Car- 
michael  is  the  architect. 

»  ♦  « 

CIVIL   ENGINEERING. 

MONTRE.VL,  QUE. — T.  O.  Sullivan  has  been  awarded  the 
contract  for  the  erection  of  a  bridge  over  the  aqueduct  canal  at 
Lasalie  road. 

OTT.\W.\,  ONT. — R.  C.  Desrochers,  secretary  of  public 
works,  has  received  tenders  for  the  erection  of  a  steel  bridge 
(two  spans)  over  sluice  ways  in  St.  Charles  River,  at  Quebec, 
P.Q. 

S.M'LT  STE.  M.VRIE,  ONT. — The  new  Ontario  Dock  Bridge 
at  Sault  Ste.   Marie,  was  blown  down,  value  $50,000. 

SW.\N  RIVER,  M.\N. — Joseph  Armstrong,  secretary- treas- 
urer of  the  rural  municipality  of  Swan  River,  has  received  tend- 
ers for  the  erection  and  comi)letion  of  a  steel  bridge  with  con- 
crete abutments,  over  the  Rolling  River. 

WOODSTOCK.  ONT. — Wm.  Forbes,  county  superintendent, 
has  received  tenders  for  the  erection  of  a  steel  bridge  on  the 
l«lh  line,  one  and  a  half  miles  north  of  Bond's  Corners. 


CLUBS,    HOSPITALS,    THEATRES    AND    HOTELS. 

BYRON,  OXT. — .\rcliitec-ts  Watt  and  Blackwell,  Bank  of  To- 
ronto Cliambei's,  London,  have  prepared  i)lans  for  an  addition 
to  the  London  Health  .\ssociatijn's  .sanitorium  at  Byron,  On- 
tario 

DELHI,  Ont.— The  Grand  Trunk  Railway,  Montreal,  has 
.started  work  on  a  station  building  to  cost  $6,o00. 

GCELPH.  ONT. — Architects  Colvill  Booth  &  Co.,  Union  Bank 
Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  theatre  alterations  to  cost 
$10,000. 

HAMILTON,  ONT— The  city  of  Hamilton  is  buying  $50,000 
worth  of  hospital  eiiui|)ment. 

H.VMILTON,  ONT. — Engineer  E.  R.  Gray.  City  Hall,  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  an  addition  to  the  waterworks,  to  cost  $400,000; 
also  for  the  erection  of  a  pump  house,  to  cost  $125,000. 

I.NOKRSOLL.  ONT.— R.  G.  Wilson  &  Son,  193  College  street. 
London,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  tVie  erection  of  an 
hospital  addition  to  co.st  $10.(100;  W.  G.  Murray,  Dominion  Sav- 
ings Building.    London,    is   the   architect. 

Kl.NCSTON.  ONT.— Work  has  started  on  alterations  to  the 
Mowat   Memorial   Hosi)ital,   wliich   will   cost   $10,000. 

KlTCHKXI'iR,  OXT. — AVork  will  commence  in  the  spring  on 
the  erection  ot  a  new  hospital  on  Queen's  crescent  to  cost 
$60,000. 

LONDON,  ONT. — The  London  Health  -Association  will  prepare 
plans  for  an  hospital  to  cost  $50,000. 

I  ).\KVILLI-;.  ONT.— .\rchitect  Wm.  Connery,  72  Queen  street 
west,  announces  that  tenders  are  being  taken  at  Oakville  for 
the  erection  of  a  lire  hall  to  cost  $10,000. 

PALMERSTOX,  OXT.— The  Dominion  Government,  Ottawa, 
has  received  tenders  for  i>ost  ofhce  fittings. 

PORT  COLBORNE.  ONT.— The  Grand  Trunk  Railway  Co.. 
.Montn'.-il.  will  erect  a  station  building  to  cost  $15,000. 


SAULT  STE.  MARIE,  ONT.— L.  R.  Allcock,  169  Spring  street, 
has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  picture 
theatre  to  cost  $20,000;  T.  R.  Wllks,  612  Queen  street  east.  Is 
the  architect. 

STRATFORD,  ONT.— The  city  of  Stratford  contemplate  the 
erection  of  an  hospital  to  cost  $30,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Baines  &  Peckover,  68  Esplanade  street 
east,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  hydro 
sub-station  to  cost  $75,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— The  following  sub-contracts  have  been 
awarded  on  the  Union  Station:  Steel,  Canadian  Bridge  Co.,  Ltd., 
Walkerville;  Iron  bases,  Canada  Iron  Foundries,  St.  Thojnas; 
cut  stone,  Geo.  Oakley  &  Son,  Ltd.,  Toronto;  mason  and  terra 
cotta,  James  A.  Wlckett,  Ltd..  Toronto;  Guastavina  work,  R. 
Gaustavlno  Co.,  Boston,  Mass.;  drainage  system.  Bennett  & 
Wright  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto;  concrete  flreprooflng.  Crescent  Con- 
crete Paving  Co,  Toronto:  hollow  tile  dreprootlng.  Dominion 
Flreprooflng  Co.,  Toronto;  integral  waterproofing,  water- 
proofed with  "Toxement"  furnished  by  Dartnell,  Ltd.,  Montreal; 
membrane  waterproofing,  Carmlchael  Waterproofing  Co.,  To- 
ronto. The  Toronto  Terminal  Architects,  1  Belmont  street, 
Montreal,  Ross  &  MacDonald,  Hugh  G.  Jones,  John  M.  Lyle 
(associate),   are   the  architects. 

UNION-ON-LAKE,  ONT.— Henry  Foster,  John  street,  Leam- 
ington, has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  an 
hospital  for  the  Canadian  Tubercular  Society  to  cost  $31,000; 
J.  C.  Pennington,  La  Belle  Building,  Windsor,  is  the  architect. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— The  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  new  clubhouse  for  the  Shaughnessy  Heights 
Golf  House  to  cost  $20,000. 

WINDSOR,  ONT. — Work  has  started  on  a  club  house  on 
Gogeau  street  to  cost  $10,000;  G.  Jacques  &  Co.,  Windsor,  are 
the  architects. 


FIRE   LOSSES. 


AYLMER,  ONT. — The  business  buildings  on  Talbot  street 
were  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $50,000. 

CAMP  BORDEN,  ONT. — The  mess  room,  reading  room, 
kitchen,  sleeping  apartments  and  officers'  bunk  houses  were  de- 
stroyed by  fire;  loss  $15,000. 

KINGSTON,  ONT.— George  Boyd's  garage  was  destroyed  by 
fire:  loss  $10,000. 

LINDSAY,  ONT. — The  Telephone  Exchange  of  the  Canadian 
Machine  Telephone  Co.  was  destroyed  by  fire:  loss  $26,000.  The 
warehouse  ot  Flavelles,  Ltd..  was  destroyed  by  fire;    loss  $60,000. 

LONDON,  ONT. — W.  A.  Jenkins  Mfg.  Co.'s  stock  food  plant 
was  destroyed  by  fire:  loss  $30,000. 

PORT  STANLEY,  ONT — The  warehouse  of  the  Port  Stanley 
Fish  Company  was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $6,000. 

SIDNEY  TWP.,  ONT. — Frankford's  cheese  factory  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire;  loss  $8,000. 

ST.  JOHN.  N.B. — St.  Stephen's  lumber  mill  was  destroyed  by 
fire;  loss  $100,000. 

TOFIELD.  ALTA. — The  Tofield  public  and  high  school  was 
destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $9,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — The  factory  of  the  Mc Alpine  Tobacco  Co., 
2  McAlpine  avenue,  was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $5,500. 

VANCOUVER.  B.C. — J.  M.  Dale's  store  was  destroyed  by  fire; 
loss  $40,000. 

VANCOUVER.  B.C. — The  business  section  of  Port  Hammond 
was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $75,000. 

VICTORIA,  B.C.— The  mill  of  the  Victoria  Shingle  Co.,  David 
street,  was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $9,000. 

WATERFORD,  ONT. — The  building  of  Col.  L  E.  York  was 
destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $20,000. 

WELLAND,  ONT. — The  machine  shop,  blacksmith  shop  and 
storehouse  on  Section  2  of  the  Welland  Canal  was  destroyed  by 
fire;  loss  $40,000. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

BELLEVILLE.  ONT.— Thomas  Manley.  Belleville,  has  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  garage  addition  for 
The  McLaughlin  Carriage  Co.,  Ltd.,  on  Coleman  street,  to  cost 
$6,000. 

CAMBORO,  ONT.— Judge  Wolfe,  New  York  City,  will  erect 
a  compressor  building  to  cost  $40,000;  E.  F.  Diener,  Dunnville, 
Ont.,  is  looking  after  the  plans. 

CONISTON,  ONT.— The  Canadian  Asbestos  Co.,  44  YouvlUe 
square,  Montreal,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  a  new 
roof  on  the  smelter  of  the  Mond  Nickel  Co.,  Ltd.,  the  cost  will 
be  $20,000. 

CREIGHTON,  ONT. — Work  has  started  on  a  shaft  house  for 
the  Canadian  Copper  Co.,  Copper  Cliff,  to  cost  $200,000. 

DEAN  LAKE,  ONT.— The  Sudbury  Copper  Co.,  Sudbury. 
Ontario,  have  prepared  plans  for  an  oil  flotation  mill,  to  cost 
$25,000. 

ERIND.\LE,  ONT.— S.  Price  &  Sons,  255  Queen  street  east, 
contemplate  the  erection  of  a  dairy  building,  to  cost  $5,000. 

GOLDEN  L.\KE,  ONT. — Work  has  started  on  the  erection 
of  a  dam  and  dredge  in  the  lake  for  the  town  of  Renfrew;  J.  K. 
Rochester,   mayor. 

H.VRROW,  ONT.— G.  Howie,  Harrow,  Ont.,  has  prepared 
plans  for  a  stock  barn  to  cost  $5,000. 

H.\MILTON,  ONT. — Architects  Lindsay  &  Wardell,  Federal 
Life  Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  steps  and  promenade  in 
the  Holy  Sepulchre  Cemetery,  to  cost  $14,000. 


394 


CONSTRUCTION 


395 


HAMILTON,  ONT.— Architect  E.  B.  Patterson,  143  Went- 
worth  street  north,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  garage  for  Thomas 
Ramsay,  15  Market  square,  to  cost  $15,000. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— W.  R.  Rollo,  13  Spring  street,  secretary 
of  the  Trades  and  Labor  Council,  announces  that  land  has  been 
liurchased  for  a  labor  temple  on  Catharine  street  north,  to  cost 
$75,000. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— E.  R.  Gray,  City  Engineer,  has  prepared 
plans  for  a  military  barracks  on  King  street  east,  to  cost  $45,000; 
Kent,  Garvin  Co.,  10  Catharine  street,  have  been  awarded  the 
hardware  contract;  Patterson,  Tilley  Co.,  Brennen  &  Sons, 
Consumers  Lumber  Co.,  Cole  Lumber  Co.,  Barton  Lumber  Co., 
Alliance  Lumber  Co.,  and  D.  Atchinson  Co..  have  been  awarded 
the  lumber  contract.  Architect  E.  R.  Gray,  City  Engineer,  has 
prepared  plans  for  a  pump  house  to  cost  $125,000.  Albert  A. 
Lees,  47 '^  Main  street  east,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  garage  to 
cost  $10,000. 

KIRKLAND  LAKE,  ONT. — The  Lake  Shore  Mines,  Ltd., 
Kirkland  Lake,  have  prepared  plans  for  mining  buildings  to  cost 
$150,000. 

LONDON,  ONT. — Hyatt  Brothers,  288  Egerton  street,  have 
started  work  on  The  McLaughlin  Co.'s  garage  and  automobile 
show-rooms,  which  will  cost  $10,000. 

NEW  TORONTO,  ONT. — The  Brown  Brass  Rolling  Mills  are 
erecting  a  garage  to  cost  $10,000;  Henry  Simpson,  79  Spadina 
avenue,   is  the  architect. 

NIAGARA  FALLS  SOUTH,  ONT,— B.  A.  Cook,  Ferry  street, 
Niagara  Fails  South,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the 
erection  of  a  laundry  at  633  Ferry  street,  to  cost  $18,000. 

OTTAWA,  ONT. — The  Beach  Motor  Co.,  186  Albert  street, 
Ottawa,  contemplate  the  erection  of  a  garage  to  cost  $30,000. 
The  Haynes  Motor  Co.,  Albert  street,  have  prepared  plans  for 
an  automobile  factory  to  cost  $50,000. 

PARIS,  ONT. — P.  H.  Secord  &  Sons,  133  Nelson  street, 
Brantford,  are  erecting  a  dining  room  for  Penmans,  Ltd.,  to  cost 
$6,000. 

PORT  COLBORNE,  ONT.— The  Dominion  Bridge  Co.,  Ltd., 
have  been  awarded  the  steel  contract  on  the  International 
Nickel  Co.'s  plant,  which  will  cost  $3,000,000. 

FORT  WILLIAM,  ONT.— M.  Sellers  &  Son,  Fort  William, 
will  erect  a  grain  elevator  to  cost  $130,000. 

SARNIA,  ONT. — The  Imperial  Oil  Co.,  Church  and  Court 
streets.  Toronto,  will  erect  an  oil  refinery  to  cost  $200,000. 

SUDBURY,  ONT.^Work  has  started  on  James  Burns'  gar- 
age on  Elgin  street  to  cost  $12,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — T.  A.  Rowan.  59  Victoria  street,  is  exca- 
vating for  a  garage  on  Yonge  street,  near  Bloor,  to  cost  $8,000. 
TORONTO,  ONT. — Architect  G.  W.  Gouinlock,  Temple  Build- 
ing, has  prepared  plans  for  an  addition  to  the  betting  sheds  of 
the  Ontario  Jockey  Club  to  cost  $12,000.  The  Imperial  Munitions 
Board,  Lumsden  Building,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  storage 
building  to  cost  $6,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT. — Wm.  Thompson,  62  Woodlawn  avenue, 
has  started  work  on  his  garage  on  Pears  avenue  to  cost  $13,000. 
A.  W.  &  J.  H.  Shuter,  115  Davenport  road,  are  erecting  a  garage 
to  cost  $6,000.  Wells  Brothers  of  Canada,  Ltd.,  96  Gould  street, 
have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  waggon 
sheds  and  stables  for  the  Robert  Simpson  Co.,  Ltd.,  to  cost  $75,- 
000.  Architect  S.  H.  Penlington,  47  King  street  west,  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  laundry  boiler  room  and  chimney  for  the  Taber 
Laundry  Co..  to  cost  $6,000.  Witchall  &  Son,  156  St.  Helens 
avenue,  have  been  awarded  the  mason  contract  for  the  art 
museum  on  the  north-east  corner  of  Grange  and  Beverly  streets; 
Darling  &  Pearson,  2  Leader  lane,  are  the  architects.  The  Cor- 
rugated Bar  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.Y.,  have  been  awarded  the  rein- 
forced steel  contract,  and  Reid  &  Brown,  63  Esplanade  street, 
have  been  awarded  the  structural  steel  contract  for  the  Wm. 
Davies  plant  at  the  corner  of  Front  and  Cypress  streets. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— MacDonald,  Nettleton  &  Bruce,  Van- 
couver, has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  freight 
sheds  and  office  for  the  Canadian  Northern  Railway  Co. ;  Messrs. 
Pratt  &  Ross.  Vancouver,  are  the  architects. 

WELLAND.  ONT.— Ryan  &  Gardner,  Welland,  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  garage  and  automo- 
bile warerooms  to  cost  $10,000. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— T.  C.  Ray,  secretary  of  the  Board  of 
Trade,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  power  building  on  McDougall 
avenue. 

WINNIPEG.  MAN.— R.  D.  Waugh,  Chairman  of  Commission- 
ers. 901  Boyd  Building,  has  received  tenders  for  the  erection  of 
a  frame  engine  shed. 

WINNIPEG,  MAN.^Work  has  commenced  on  Breen  Motor 
Company's  garage  on  Portage  avenue  to  cost  $35,000.  Work  has 
commenced  on  Willys-Overland  garage  on  Portage  avenue  to 
cost  $60,000. 

•  ♦  ■ 

PLANTS,    FACTORIES   AND    WAREHOUSES. 

ACTON,  ONT.— Architect  J.  M.  Jeftery,  708  C.P.R.  Build- 
ing, Toronto,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  factory,  to  cost  $15,000. 

AMHERSTBURG,  ONT.— The  Salval  Process  Co.,  Syracuse, 
N.Y.,  contemplate  the  erection  of  a  factory,  to  cost  $60,000. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— A.  J.  Cromar,  448  Colborne  street,  has 
been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  factory,  to 
cost  $20,000. 

BRANTFORD,  ONT.— P.  H.  Secord  &  Sons,  133  Nelson 
street,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a 
warehouse  addition,   to  cost  $15,000. 

DUNDAS.  ONT,— E.  G.  M.  Cape  &  Co..  Ltd.,  10  Cathcart 
street,  Montreal,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erec- 
tion of  a  factory  and  office  building,  to  cost  $80,000. 

.,    ,?9^°  J?.''^^'     ONT.— Wells    &     Gray,     Bank    of    Commerce 
Building,  Windsor,  are  erecting  a  factory,  to  cost  $100,000. 

GALT.  ONT.— P.  H.  Secord  &  Sons,  Brantford,  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  factory,  to  cost 
$15,000. 

GALT,  ONT.— Architect  J.  Evans,  30  North  Water  street. 
Gait,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  for  the  Gait  Brass  Co  to 
cost  $50,000. 

GALT,  ONT.— P.  H.  Secord  &  Sons,  133  Nelson  street,  Brant- 
ford, have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  fac- 


tory on  Water  street  north,  to  cost  $15,000.  The  Dodge  Metal 
Hose  Co.  of  Canada,  Ltd.,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory 
on  Beverley  street,  to  cost  $50,000. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Geo.  E.  Mills,  614  King  street  east,  has 
been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  factory  for  the 
Ohapman-Holton    Co.,    May   street,    to   cost   $15,000. 

HAMILTON,  OST.— Architects  McPhie  &  Kelly.  Bank  of 
Hamilton  Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  and  ware- 
house on  Glendale  avenue,  to  cost  $15,000;  Geo.  E.  Mills,  King 
street  east,   has  been  awarded  the  contract. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Architects  Brack  &  Perrine,  Lumsden 
Building,  Toronto,  have  revised  plans  for  the  Dominion  Steel 
Castings  factory  on  Depew  street,  to  cost  $75,000.  The  Acme 
Stamping  and  Tool  Works,  Sydney  street,  have  called  for  ten- 
ders tor  the  erection  of  a  factory  addition,  to  cost  $15,000. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— Architects  Prack  &  Perrine,  Lumsden 
Building,  Toronto,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  on  Depew 
street,  to  cost  $75,000.  H.  G.  Christman,  Bank  of  Hamilton 
Building,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a 
storeroom  on  King  William  street,  to  cost  $5,000.  Geo.  E.  Mills, 
641  King  street  east,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the 
erection  of  a  factory  on  Glendale  avenue,  to  cost  $15,000;  MoPhee 
&  Darling,  Bank  of  Hamilton  Building,  are  the  architects. 
Architects  Stewart  &  Witton,  7  Hughson  street  south,  have 
I>repared  plans  for  a  factory  addition  on  Elgin  street,  to  cost 
$10,000.  Architects  Prack  &  Perrine.  Lumsden  Building,  To- 
ronto,  have  prepared   plans  for  a  factory,   to  cost  $200,000. 

BELLEVILLE,  ONT.— A.  E.  Allen,  Bank  of  Commerce. 
Chambers,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a 
factory  to  cost  $15,000;  J.  W.  Evans,  237  Bleeeker  street,  is  the 
architect. 

HIGH  FALLS,  ONT.— Work  has  started  on  the  Canadian 
Cooper  Co.'s   power  house,   to  cost   $100,000. 

KITCHENER,  ONT.— The  Canadian  Buffalo  Forge  Co., 
Ltd.,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  in  Woodside  Park,  to 
cost    $100,000. 

LONDON,  ONT. — W.  A.  Jenkins,  King  and  Ridout  streets, 
will   make   repairs   to   their  factory   at   a  cost  of  $15,000. 

LONDON,  ONT.— The  McClary  Mfg.  Co.  are  erecting  a 
galvanizing  plant,  to  cost  $40,000;  J.  M.  Moore.  415  Richmond 
street,  is  the  architect;  J.  Moran  &  Sons,  927  Maitland  street, 
has  the  contract. 

LONDON,  ONT.— Architect  W.  G.  Murray,  Dominion  Sav- 
ings Building,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  addition,  to  cost 
$6,000.  J.  Moran,  927  Maitland  street,  has  been  awarded  the 
contract  for  the  erection  of  a  factory  addition  on  King  street, 
to  cost  $40,000;  J.  M.  Moore,  415  Richmond  street,  is  the  archi- 
tect. John  Hayman  &  Son,  432  WelUngton  street,  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  erection  of  a  factory  addition,  to  cost 
$12,000. 

NIAGARA  FALLS,  ONT.— The  Nesbitt  Billing  Co.  are  pre- 
paring plans  for  a  pickle  factory,  to  cost  $15,000.  The  Perfec- 
tion Tire  and  Motor  Co.,  Madison,  Iowa,  will  erect  a  factory  in 
Poplar  Park,    to   cost   $65,000. 

OTTAWA,  ONT. — J.  P.  Lozano  &  Co..  international  brokers, 
San  Antonio.  Texas,  contemplate  the  erection  of  a  factory,  to 
cost  $100,000. 

PEMBROKE,  ONT.— W.  Markus  Co.,  Ltd.,  Pembroke,  have 
been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  woollen  mills  for 
the  Pembroke  Woollen  Mills  Co.,  Ltd. 

PORT  ARTHUR,  ONT.— A.  G.  Mclntyre,  World  Building, 
New  York  City,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  pulp  mill,  to  cost 
$1,000,000. 

PORT  COLBORNE.  ONT.— The  Foundation  Co.,  Ltd.,  224 
St.  James  street.  Montreal,  have  commenced  work  on  a  nickel 
plant   on   the   lake    front,    to   cost   $3,000,000. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT.— The  Canadian  Woodenware  Co.  are 
preparing    plans    for   a    modern    up-to-date    factory. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT. — Bingham  &  Co.,  Aylmer,  have  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  store,  warehouse  and  shipping  depot,  to 
cost  $10,000. 

TEESWATER,  ONT.— The  Orangeville  Lime  and  Cement 
Co.   will  erect  a  factory,  to  cost  $75,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Architects  Bond  &  Smith,  15  Wilton 
avenue,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  addition  for  Booth- 
Coulter   Co..    to   cost   $5,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— John  V.  Gray  Construction  Co.,  Con- 
federation Life  Building,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for 
the  erection  of  a  factory  addition  for  the  Canadian  Fairbanks- 
Morse  Co.,  on  Bloor  street,  to  cost  $10,000.  The  Toronto  Laundry 
Machine  Co.,  corner  Dundas  street  and  Sorauren  avenue,  have 
prepared  plans  for  an  additional  storey  to  their  factory,  to  cost 
$6,000.  Architect  Ellis  &  Ellis.  Manning  Chambers,  have  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  factory  for  Mathews  Bros.,  to  cost  $30,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Architects  Prack  &  Perrine,  Lumsden 
Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  an  addition  to  the  Russell 
Motor  Car  Company's  munition  plant;  Deakin  Construction  Co. 
Ltd.,  have  been  awarded  the  contract.  Architects  Prack  & 
Perrine,  Lumsden  Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  ware- 
house on  Carlaw  avenue,  to  cost  $365,000;  H.  G.  Christman  & 
Co.  have  been  awarded  the  contract.  R.  G.  Kirby,  537  Yonge 
street,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a 
bread  factory  on  Dovercourt  road,  to  cost  $20,000.  Architect 
Wm.  G.  Burns.  74  Indian  Grove,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  brick 
bakery,   to  cost  $7,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Architect  F.  R.  Berry,  1107  College  street, 
has  prepared  plans  for  an  addition  to  a  factory  on  Atlantic 
avenue,  to  cost  $10,000.  P.  W.  Ellis  Co.,  Wellington  street  east, 
have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  addition  on  Prescott  street, 
to  cost  $8,000.  C.  A.  Scott,  575  Logan  avenue,  is  erecting  an 
addition  to  J.  S.  A.  Whealey's  factory,  to  cost  $12,000.  The 
Dominion  Government,  Ottawa,  will  erect  an  aviation  plant  in 
Toronto,  to  cost  $1,000,000.  Work  has  started  on  an  addition 
to  the  Wm.  Neilson  Co.'s  factory  on  Gladstone  avenue,  to  cost 
$7,000;  Sproatt  &  Rolph,  36  North  street,  are  the  architects. 
J.  D.  Young  &  Son,  835  College  street,  have  been  awarded  the 
carpentering  contract:  Gordon  Bros.,  1  Delisle  street,  the  ma- 
sonry   contract. 

VANCOUVER,  B.C.— The  New  England  Fish  Co.  will  erect 
a  storage  warehouse  on  Gore  avenue,  to  cost  $17,000. 

WAHNAPETCI,  ONT.— Pearson  Engineering  Corporation, 
New  York,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of 
the  Hydro-Electric  power  plant  and  dam,  to  cost  $1,250,000. 


396 


CONSTRUCT/ON 


WALKKKVII^LK.  ONT.— The  CanadiHn  Hrldge  Co.,  Ltd.. 
have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  u  factory, 
to  iMjMt  $15,(100. 

WKSTuN,  ONT. — I...  K.  l>owllnif.  167  YonKe  atreet.  has  been 
awarded  tlu'  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  factory  at  Weston 
fur  the  .\nierlcan  1m  France  Klre  Unglne  Co.,  to  coat  |6,000. 


PUBLIC    BUILOINOS   AND    STATIONS. 

Il.VLIl-W.X.  N.S. — H.  W.  Johnston,  acting  city  ensineer,  has 
received    tenders   for   the   construction   of  a   public   convenience 

HtHtlon. 

l)TT.\\V.\.  ONT. — K.  O.  Desrochers.  secretary  of  public 
worl<».  will  receive  tenders  up  to  November  13,  1916,  for  the 
cjnstructloii  of  a  shed  and  covered  piissaKe  at  Postal  Station 
".\,"  Montreal,  Quebec. 

VICTORIA.  B.C. — The  city  of  Victoria  will  erect  a  municipal 
building  on  Uarbaliy  road. 


SCHOOLS,     CCLLEQES     AND    CHURCHES. 

l-'ltKHKUICTON,  N.B.— An  iiddltiun  will  be  made  to  the 
Charlotte   Street    School. 

H.ViLKVBURY,  ONT.— The  Canadian  BridKe  Co.,  \Val;cer- 
ville,  Ont.,  were  awarded  the  steel  contract  for  the  School  of 
iMiiieH.  Ultchle  Cut  Stone  Co.,  l!tl  Grant  avenue.  Hamilton,  were 
awarded  the  cut  .stone  contract.  The  Trussed  Concrete  Steel 
Co.,  WalkerviUe,  Ont.,  were  awarded  the  reiniorcins  and  steel 
bash. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— The  Separate  School  Board  will  erect  a 
school  at  the  corner  of  Pearl  and  Nelson  streets,  to  cost  |6U,«0«. 
The  Uuthenian  Church  contemplate  the  erection  of  a  church,  to 
cost  $30,000. 

HAMILTON,  ONT.— The  Roumanian  Orthodox  Church  con- 
template the  erection  of  a  new  edifice  on  Barton  street  west,  to 
cost  $30,000.  The  Separate  School  Board  contemplate  the  erec- 
tion of  a  school  on  Viewpoint  avenue,  to  cost  $30,000;  Lindsay 
Warden,  Federal  Life  Building,  Is  the  architect.  R.  H.  Foster, 
Building  Superintendent,  Board  of  Education,  City  Hall,  is  pre- 
paring plans  for  a  school  in  the  northwest  section,  to  cost 
$100,000.  Architect  F.  \V.  Warren,  Bank  of  Hamilton  Building, 
has  prepared  plans  for  a  church  on  Mount  Hamilton,  to  cost 
$9,000.  Architect  Gordon  Hutton,  Bank  of  Hamilton  Building, 
has  prepared  plans  for  a  school  addition,  to  cost  $40,000.  Archi- 
tects Stewart  &  Witton,  King  and  Hughson  streets,  have  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  school,  to  cost  $40,000;  work  will  commence 
in  the  spring. 

BBETON,  ONT.— Architect  John  Wilson.  Colllngwood,  has 
prepared    plans    for   a    school,    to    cost    $16,000. 

LENNOXVILLE,  QUE. — Work  has  started  on  the  new  mil- 
lion dollar  school  at  LennoxviUe.  Que. 

McGregor,  ont. — G.  Jacnues  &  Co.,  B  Sandwich  street 
west,  Windsor,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  school,  to  cost  $10,000. 

McGregor,  ont.— .\rchitects  O.  Jacques  &  Co.,  5  Sandwich 
street  west,  have  called  for  tenders  for  the  erection  of  a  school, 
to  cost  $40,000. 

MONTREAL,  QUE.— Durocher  &  Archambault  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  tor  the  erection  of  an  addition  to  the  St. 
Eusebe   School. 

OWEN  SOUND,  ONT. — The  Jewish  congregation,  McLaugh- 
lin Building,  Third  avenue  east,  will  erect  a  new  synagogue,  to 
cost  $5,000. 

PETERBORO,  ONT. — Architect  W.  Blackwell  has  prepared 
plans    for   a    new    Methodist   church. 

PORT  CREDIT.  ONT. — .\.  T.  Darragh,  161  Close  avenue, 
Toronto,  has  commenced  work  on  a  school,  to  cost  $20,000;  D.  C. 
Cotton,  54  -Adelaide  street  east,  Toronto,  is  the  architect. 

SIMCOE,  ONT. — R.  Gunton  has  been  awarded  the  contract 
for  the  erection  of  a  school,  to  cost  $20,000;  Chapman  &  Mc- 
Gifton,  95  King  street  east.  Toronto,  are  the  architects. 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B. — The  ratepayers  of  Coldbrook  have  decided 
to  erect  a  new  school  at   Glen   Falls,    to  cost  $8,500. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ONT.— The  St.  John's  English  Church  has 
prepared   plans   for   a   church,    to   cost   $10,000. 

SW.ANSEA.  ONT.— Architect  J.  M.  Jeffrey,  708  C.P.R.  Build- 
ing. Toronto,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  church,  to  cost  $30,000. 

TRENTON,  ONT. — The  School  Board  are  contemplating  the 
erection    of   a    school,    to    cost    $40,000. 

TWEED,  ONT.— Architects  Ellis  &  Ellis.  Manning  Chambers. 
Toix>nto.  are  pre^iaring  new  plans  for  a  school,  to  cost  $25,000. 
Former  plans  proved  too  costly. 

VICTORI.V,  B.C.— J.  E.  Griffith,  Deputy  Minister  of  Public 
Works,  has  received  tenders  for  the  erection  and  completion  of 
the    Silverton    School. 

W.VLKERVILL?:,  ONT.— St.  Mary's  Anglican  Church  are 
erecting  a  church  house  on  the  corner  of  Niagara  and  Monmouth 
road,    to   cost    $40,000. 

WELL.VND,  ONT. — Telford  &  Morse  .were  awarded  the  con- 
tract for  the  erection  of  a  school,  to  cost  $5,000;  T.  L.  Nichols 
is  the  arcliitect. 

WINDSOR,  ONT.— The  School  Board  contemplate  the  erec- 
tion of  a  new  school,  to  cost  $40,000. 


RESIDENCES,  STORES  AND  FLATS. 

AMHERSTHrRt;,  l).\T.— Architect  J.  C.  Pennington.  La  Belle 
Building.  Windsor.  Ontario,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  residence  in 
WalkerviUe  for  Walter  Chater,  15  Kildare  road,  to  cost  $6,000. 

BKANTFORl).  ONT.— Architect  Fred  C.  Bodley,  Temple 
Building,  has  pi-epared  plans  for  a  residence  on  Erie  avenue. 

CH.\TH.\M,  ONT.— Thos.  McKay,  Gray  street,  has  been 
awarded  the  contnict  for  the  erection  of  a  residence,  to  cost 
$7,000;    S.  G.  Kinsey.  5th  street.  Chatham,  is  the  architect. 

CORNWALL.  O.N'T  — Architeot.<i  Hutchinson.  Wood  and  Miller, 
Royal  Insurance  Building,  Montreal,  have  prepared  plans  for  a 
residence  on   .\ugustus  street,    to  cost  $8,000. 

HAMILTON.  ONT.— Ronnenberg  and  Beck.  54  Fairholt 
avenue    .south,    have    prepared    plans    for    a    bungalow,    to    cost 

$6,000. 


HAMILTON,  ONT.— Architect  F.  W.  Warren,  Bank  of  Ham- 
ilton Building,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  residence  on  Ontario 
street,  to  cost  $5,000;  work  will  not  start  until  spring.  R.  Spicer, 
279  Bay  street  south,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the 
erection  of  Mr.  T.  A.  Woolley's  residence  on  Proctor  boulevard, 
to  cost  $S,«00.  Architect  W.  H.  Hunkins,  I,ister  block,  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  an  apartment  house  for  Harvey  Levitt,  Beams- 
vlUe.  Ont.  J.  A.  Jones  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the 
erection  of  a  residence  on  Rosemont,  to  cost  $6,000. 

LINDSAY,  ONT.— W.  Wallace  Is  erecting  a  store  on  Welling- 
ton street,  to  cost  $6,000. 

LONDON.  ONT.— Architects  Watt  and  Blackwell,  Bank  of 
Toronto  Building,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  residence  on  Craig 
street,  to  cost  $7,500. 

■  LONDON,  ONT.— The  walls  are  up  on  A.  H.  McKnighfs 
apartments  on  Queen's  avenue,  to  cost  $10,000;  Watt  and  Black- 
well,  Bank  of  Toronto  Building,  are  the  architects. 

NIAGARA  FALI.,S,  ONT.— Architects  Green  and  Wicks,  110 
Franklin  street,  N.Y.,  prepared  the  plans  for  Dr.  Harvey  Grant's 
residence  and  garage  on  Park  Hill  street,  which  will  cost  $50,000. 
W.  G.  Adamson,  126  Sparks  street,  has  been  awarded  the  con- 
tract for  the  erection  of  a  store  and  apartments  on  Laurler 
street,  to  cost  $36,500;  Miilson  and  Burgess  are  the  architects. 
A.  W.  Davidson,  69  Groavenor  street,  is  erecting  a  residence  on 
(;iemow  avenue,  to  cost  $6,000.  Architect  W.  H.  George,  Castle 
Building.  Queen  street,  has  prepared  plans  for  alterations  and 
additions  to  apartments  on  Laurler  avenue,  to  cost  $11,000. 

OAKVILLE,  ONT.— ArchltecU  Munro  and  Meade,  34  Hugh- 
son  street  south,  Hamilton,  are  preparing  plans  for  a  residence 
for  W.  F.  Eaton,  Ravenscliffe  avenue,  Hamilton,  to  cost  $30,000. 

QUEBEC,  QUE.— Wilfrid  Brochu  is  erecting  a  residence  on 
Aberdeen  street,  to  cost  $8,000. 

STONEY  CREEK.  ONT.— Architect  E.  Patterson,  143  Went- 
worth  street,  has  prepared  plans  for  Wm.  Nash's  residence,  to 
cost  $7,000. 

STRATFORD,  ONT.— Architect  Jas.  S.  Russell,  Gordon  block, 
has  prepared  plans  for  store  and  office  alterations,  to  cost  $10,- 
000.  Architect  J.  S.  Russell,  21  Downle  street,  has  prepared 
plans  for  store  and  office  alterations,  to  cost  $5,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Brown  and  McKnlght,  789H  Concord 
avenue,  have  started  work  on  an  apartment  house  on  Oundas 
street,  to  cost  $12,000. 

TORONTO,  ONT,— A.  W,  Pike,  49  Hepbourne  avenue,  will 
^rect  an  apartment,  to  cost  $15,000.  Architect  C.  J.  Gibson.  51 
Yonge  street,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  store  and  warehouse,  to 
cost  $30,000;  C.  W.  Woods,  613  Manning  avenue,  has  been 
awarded  the  mason  contract;  W.  R.  McGiffln  Co.,  Ltd.,  54  Ron- 
cesvalles  avenue,  have  been  awarded  the  carpenter  contract. 
W.  P.  Levack,  519  Roxton  road,  has  prepared  plans  for  an  apart- 
ment house,  to  co.st  $10,000.  Work  has  started  on  a  residence 
for  Dr.  H.  McDonald,  357  Runnymede  road,  to  cost  $6,000.  W. 
A.  Wilson,  22  Beech  avenue,  has  started  work  on  a  duplex  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $6,000;  P.  H.  Finney,  79  Adelaide  btreet  east,  is 
the  architect.  J,  W.  Butchart,  1  St.  Ives  avenue,  Lawrence 
Park,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  store 
and  residence  for  G.  R.  Hume.  1243  Dundas  street,  to  cost  $6,000. 
Sheppard  &  Abbott,  78  Harbord  street,  have  been  awarded  the 
plumbing  and  heating  contract  for  a  residence  for  E.  L.  Mac- 
Lean,  98  Walmer  road,  to  cost  $15,000;  Taylor  and  Nesbltt,  18 
Havelock  street,  have  been  awarded  the  plastering  contract; 
Burke,  Horwood  and  White,  229  Yonge  street,  are  the  architects. 

TORONTO,  ONT.— Arthur  Jutchins,  Mimico  P.O.,  has  started 
work  on  two  duplex  residences  for  Wm.  A.  Hutchins,  to  cost 
$10,000;  E.  Gagnon  and  Cummings,  2359  Queen  street  east,  are 
erecting  an  apartment  house  on  Queen  street,  to  cost  $9,000. 
J.  W.  Butchart,  1  St.  Ives  avenue,  Lawrence  Park,  has  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  store  and  residence, 
to  cost  $6,000.  J.  T.  and  H.  Hutson,  43  Victoria  street,  have 
prepared  plans  for  an  apartment  house  on  l8al>ella  street,  to 
cost  $35,000.  J.  Richards,  1  Lonsdale  road,  has  been  awarded 
the  contract  for  the  erection  of  apartments,  to  cost  $30,000;  the 
walls  are  up.  Architects  Burke,  Horwood  and  White,  229  Yonge 
street,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  residence  in  Rosedale,  to  cost 
$15,000.  Architect  Thos.  Hancock,  836  Dovercourt  road,  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  residence  to  cost  $5,000.  Architects  Edwards 
and  Edwards,  18  Toronto  street,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $12,000.  J.  W.  Butchart,  1  St.  Ives  avenue,  has 
prepared  plans  for  two  residences,  to  cost  $12,000.  J.  Skelton, 
room  36,  33  Richmond  street  west,  has  started  work  on  a  resi- 
dence, to  cost  $5,000.  J.  H.  Dawlish,  231  Sheldrake  boulevard, 
has  commenced  work  on  a  residence,  to  cost  $5,000.  Architect 
C.  J.  Gibson,  51  Yonge  street,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  store  and 
warehouse,  to  cost  $30,000.  W.  P.  Levack,  519  Roxton  road,  has 
prepared  plans  for  stores  and  apartments  to  cost  $15,000.  A.  A. 
Mitchell,  502  Palmerston  boulevard,  contemplates  the  erection  of 
a  duplex  residence,  to  cost  $14,000. 

WATERLOO,  ONT. — The  Waterloo  County  Children's  Aid 
Society  are  erecting  a  detention  home,  to  cost  $15,000. 


OVER    HALF    A    MILLION    AHEAD    OF    LAST    YEAR, 

The  building  permits  in  Winnipeg  up  to  the  end  of  September 
are  over  half  a  million  dollars  ahead  of  last  year,  the  figures 
being  $2,195,300,  while  for  the  corresponding  period  last  year 
they  were  $1,721,900.  Every  indication  points  to  increased  build- 
ing activity, 

•  »  ■ 

TO    GIVE    CONTRACTS    TO    LOCAL    FIRMS. 

The  Pacific  Great  Eastern  Railway  Company  will  spend 
about  $200,000  in  the  near  future  on  machine  shops,  repair  shops 
and  a  roundhouse  at  Squamish,  B.C.  The  officials  of  the  com- 
pany state  that  so  far  as  possible  the  contracts  will  be  given  to 
local  firms. 

■  ♦  ■ 

MILLION   DOLLAR  SCHOOL, 

Lieut.  J.  K.  L.  Ross,  of  Montreal,  the  well-known  sportsman 
and  owner  of  racing  horses,  has  donated  the  sum  of  one  million 
dollars  for  a  new  Bishop's  College  at  LennoxviUe,  Que.  The 
first  sod  was  turned  by  Mrs.  J.  K.  L.  Ross  last  month,  and 
active  building  operations  have  now  begun.  No  expense  will  be 
spared  in  the  erection  of  this  building,  and  It  is  fully  expected 
when  completed  to  be  the  finest  structure  of  its  kind  in  Am- 
erica. 


CONSTRUCTION 


47 


Made  in  Canada 


OUR  new  plan  to  guarantee  Barrett  Specifi- 
cation  Roofs   for  20  years  seems   to  have 
met  with   instant  welcome   from   architects, 
owners  and  roofing  contractors. 

During  the  first  few  weeks  the  plan  was  in  operation 
several  million  feet  of  Barrett  Specification  Guaran- 
teed Roofs  were  specified. 

This  means  that  the  oivners  of  these  roofs  are  guar- 
anteed against  all  roof  repair  and  upkeep  expense 
until  1936. 

This  new  Guaranty  Bond  is  issued  on  all  Barrett 
Specification  Roofs  of  50  squares  or  more  in  all 
towns  in  Canada  and  in  the  United  States  of 
25,000  population  and  over — and  in  smaller  centers 
rvhere  our  Inspection  Service  is  available. 

Our  only  requirements  are  that  the  roofing  contract- 
ors be  approved  by  us  and  that  The  Barrett  Specifi- 
cation dated  May  I,  1916,  shall  be  strictly  fol- 
lowed. 

The  Guaranty  is  arranged  for  as  follows: 

The  owner  or  his  architect  orders  the  roofing  con- 


tractor to  "construct  a  Barrett  Specification  Roof 
and  get  for  him  a  20  Year  Guaranty  Bond  for  the 
work." 

The  contractor  notifies  us  that  he  wishes  the  20 
Year  Bond  and  will  construct  the  roof  under  the 
supervision  of  our  Inspector. 

Our  Inspector  on  completion  of  the  job  certifies  that 
the  proper  quantity  of  Specification  Pitch  and  Felt 
has  been  used  and  that  The  Barrett  Specification 
of  May  1 ,  1916,  has  been  strictly  followed. 

On  our  O.K.  of  the  job,  the  U.S.  Fidelity  &  Guar- 
anty Company  issues  a  regular  20  Year  Guaranty 
Bond,  by  which  the  owner  is  relieved  of  all  costs 
for  repairs  or  maintenance  to  the  roof  during  the 
next  20  years. 

The  Guaranty  Bond  costs  the  oivner  and  roofing 
contractor  nothing.  The  service  is  free  in  the  inter- 
est of  good  workmanship  and  the  good  repute  of 
our  materials. 

If  you  are  interested  in  the  proposition  we  shall  be 
glad  to  send  you  further  details. 


THE     PATERSON     MANUFACTURING     COMPANY,     LIMITED 

MONTREAL  TORONTO  WINNIPEG  VANCOUVER 

THE  CARRITTE-PATERSON  MANUFACTURING  CO.  LIMITED 

ST.    JOHN,    N.B.  HALIFAX,    N.S.  SYDNEY,    N.S. 


The  oivner  of  this  building  is 
guaranteed  against  all  roof  re- 
pairs and  upkeep  until  1936. 


.V)S 


CONSTRUCTION 


CONTRACTORSand  SUB-CONTRACTORS 

As  Supplied  by  The  Architects  oi  Baildin|(5 

Featured  iu  This  Issue 

BUILDINGS— THE     MOLSONS     BANKS. 
A.— Thf   MolwitiK   Hank.    I'ort    .\rlluir.    Orit. 

ii. — Thf  AIiiIhoiik  Hank.  .'^t.  I^awioiKc  luid  Ciilariii  mIivcIm,  Mont- 
real.  i:q.  ' 
('.—The  MolHjiix  [tank.  Sorel,  P.Q. 
I). — The  .MoIhimk   Itniik.    Norwich,    Out. 
K.  — The  MolMons  Hank,   Drummondvllle.    I'.Cj. 
I''. — The  .\li)l»ion»  Ilank.     Uaohlne,     I'.y. 
Hrk'k— 

A. — l'la^(•lllrt    .MininK   and    Brick    Co. 

R— KUlannhiK  Brick   Co. 

C— Iiiterimivliiclal    Brick   Co.,    Ktd. 

I).— InteriPiovlncinI   lirlck  Co.,   Ltd. 

K.— MiltoM    liiick    Co. 

R— .Milton    Hrick    Co 
Hollers— Warden    KliiK.    Ud.      .\.H.C.D.K.K, 
Concrete  work — \Vm.   Wardwell,  engineer. 
Klectrlc   fixtures— McDonald  &   WIllBon.   Ltd.     .\.  H.C.I).  lO.K. 
Klcvator.s  and  hoists — (Jillls  &  (leotflieKan. 
Klectrlc    wirlns   and    appanitus — 

.McDonald  &   WUlson,   Ltd.     B.C.IC.K. 

i:.  .S.  Copplns.     D 

.\lahon  Bros.     .\. 
Kxpanded   metal — Pedlar   People. 
Kloorlns— Mosaic  Tile  Co. 
Kiirniture — 

Canadian   Ottice  and   School    Furniture  Co.,    I-ld.      .V.D.E. 

Ii.   H.   Kandall  Co..  Ltd.     H. 

The  (jlobe   Furniture  Co.,   Ltd.     C.F. 
Class — The  Hobbs  ManufacturlnK  Co.,   Ltd. 
Hardware — S'ale  and  Towne. 
Marble — 

.Mariotti   .Marble  Co. 

Smith   Marble  Co. 
Ornamental   iron — Kstey    Bros. 

PlumbinK    fixtures — Port    Mope    Standard   Sanitary   Co.,   Ltd. 
Plumbing— James    Robertson    Co..    Ltd.      A.B.C.D.K.F. 
Radiators— Warden   King.    Ltd.     A.B.C.D.E.F. 
Stone — Indiana    Limestone. 
Structural  steel — Dominion   Bridge  Co.,  Ltd. 
Tile— Marbleold  Co. 

Vaults-J.   &   .).   Taylor,   Ltd.      A.B.C.D.E.F. 
Revolving   doors — Dominion    Revolving  Door  Co. 
Pile    foundations — Raymond    Concrete    Pile   Co. 
Colli  chutes — The  Gait   Stove  and   Furnace  Co.,   Ltd. 
Contractors,    general — 

.\. — Seaman   iVi    Penniman,    Fort    William.    Ont. 

B. — J.  H.  Hutchison.  Montreal. 

C. — Loomis-Dakin.  Ltd.,  Sherbrooke,  Que. 

D. — McKinney  l.,umber  Co.,   Ltd..   Woodstock.   Ont. 

K. — Louis  Beaudry.   Montreal,    P.Q. 

F. — Ijouis    Beaudry.    Montreal.    P.Q. 

HOTEL    PALLISER,    CALGARY,    ALBERTA. 
Brick — Plain.    .\lbert;\    Clay    Products.    Aledicine    Hat,    Alberta; 

fancy,   David  McGill,   agent.   Montreal;   enamelled,   Waite-Ful- 

lertoM  Co..  Ltd.,  Calgary. 
Hollers — Installed    by    James    Ballantyne    Co. 
I'asements    and    window    construction,    also   doors   and    window 

trim — P.  Lyail  &  Sons  Construction  Co.,  Ltd. 
Concrete  work — P.   Lyall  &  Sons  Construction  Co.,  Ltd. 
lOlectric  fixtures — K.   F.  Caldwell  &  Co.,  and  the  Robert  Mitchell 

Company 
lOlectric  wiring  and  apparatus — Parker-Chase  Electric  Co.,  Cal- 
gary. 
lOlevators   and    hoists — Otls-Fensom    Co. 
lO.xpai  dcd    metal — Pedlar    People,    Ltd. 
I- ire  al;irni  system — Northern  Electric  Co..  Ltd..  Calgary. 
l-"ire  doors — McFariane   &   Douglas.   Ottawa, 
i-'ice  escapes — Canada   Foundry  Co..  Toronto. 
Flooring — Cement    floors.    .Master    Builders'    finish. 
<;iass- P.ate.    Tavlor    Painting    and    Decorating    Co..    Winnipeg, 

.Man.;  li.crht  glolies.  E.  F.  Caldwell  &  Co.  and  R.  Mitchell  Co. 
Hardware — Vale  and  Towne.  James  Walker  Hardware  Co. 
Heat    regjlaling   system — .lames    Ballantyne   Co. 
Inter-phones  system — Xorthei-n  l-^lectric  Co.,  Ltd. 
Kitchen   utensils— -Duparquet,   Moneuse   &   Co. 
Laundry    machinery — (Jurney    Foundry    Co.,    Ltd. 
Mariile — I*.    Lyall  &   Sons  Construction   Co..    Ltd. 
Ornamental  iron — Canada   Foundry  Co..   Toronto. 
Paints — Inferior   and    exterior.    Taylor    Painting   and    Decorating 

Co.'     w;iferpi-ouf,    Sherwin-Willi.nms  Co. 
Plumbing—  Batli  fittings  and  sanitai\\'  fixtures.  .lames  Ballantyne 

Co.:    f'aucet.s.  Cluff  Bro.s..  Toronto. 
I'lasfer  work   (ceiling)  —  P.  L>ail  ^  Sons  Construction  Co.,  Ltd. 
itofrigeration   equipment — I>in<fe   Canadian   Refri,geratoi-  Co. 
power   niachinei-,\' — Prime   movers,    motors,    air  compressoi-s  and 

IMimps.  .lames  Hallitnf.vne  Co- 


loBue   will    be    nialli'd     b..     addrcssliig     tin'    Miiiphy    Iron    Works 
Buffalo,    N.V. 

Twyfopd's  Sanitary  Ware.-C.  W.  Beul,  ««  Adelaide  street 
east.  Toronto,  ont..  informs  us  tliat  Ixmklcts  and  illustrations 
describing  this  ware  can  be  Inid  by  addressing  him.  The  history 
of  this  Brltlsli  firm  of  manufacturers  proves  fntercHting  reading 
The  sutierlor  quality  of  Twyfords  Sanltarv  Ware  is  recognized 
throughout  the  world,  and  although  the  war  has  made  great  In- 
roads into  the  output  of  this  firm.  Mr.  Bcai  is  still  in  receipt  of 
regular  siiipmcnts. 

Clark  Vacuum  Trap.  The  automatic  contrid  of  water  and 
steam  heating  plants  is  giveti  no  end  of  i-onslderatlon,  through 
necessity,  by  tho.se  interested.  .\ew  devices  appear  from  time 
lo  time,  but  there  are  fi'w  that  really  stand  up  under  a  rigorous 
test.  The  superior  regulating  devices  now  Ijeing  manufactured 
by  W.  E.  Clark,  Ltd..  deserve  mention  and  commendation.  Thev 
are  giving  entire  satisfaction  wherever  installed,  and  their  out- 
put is  Ijeing  increased  steadily.  In  their  Booklets  .\  and  B  this 
firm  describes  minutely  and  accurately  the  ('lark  Vacuum  Trap 
and  Temperature  Booster,  and  thev  deserve  the  attention  of  the 
architect  and  engineer.  By  addressing  W.  E.  Clark.  Ltd.,  at 
719  King  street  west,  Toronto,  Ont..  these  booklets  mav  be  had. 
It  Is  timely  to  mention  that  the  Clark  specialties  are  "dlstinctlv 
Canadian,  having  t)een  invented,  patented  and  made  in  Canada. 

The  Dominion  Fitter. — This  is  one  of  the  most  complete 
i^utalogues  it  has  been  our  pleasure  to  review  for  some  time, 
.attractively  produ<-ed.  and  of  such  size  as  to  prove  convenient, 
it  should  find  its  way  to  every  architect  and  engineer.  The 
various  lines  Illustrated  in  this  catalogue  have  been  produced 
with  a  view  to  meeting  the  demands  of  the  heating  business  as 
they  have  been  presented  by  architects,  engineers  and  con- 
tractors. Several  new  products  are  catalogued  for  the  first 
time  and  they  have  proved  elllclent  after  rigid  tests.  Care  has 
been  shown  by  simplifying  the  method  required  in  specifying 
certain  types,  for  the  arrangement  of  the  various  linos  are  so 
grouped  that  the  trade  name  need  only  appear  in  the  specifica- 
tions. Every  item  is  listed  in  an  nlphabetlcal  index.  Published 
l>y  the  Dominion  Radiator  Company,  Ltd..  Toronto,  Ont.,  who 
will  supply  a  copy  on  request. 


PERSONAL. 


A  change  in  the  well-known  engineering  firm  of  MacMullen. 
Riley  &  Durley  has  occurred  through  the  retirement  of  Mr.  Dur- 
ley,  who  is  now  connected  with  the  Engineering  Department  of 
the  Imperial  Munition  Board.  Mr.  H.  H.  .\ngus,  whose  name 
appears  in  the  new  organization,  is  well  known  in  engineering 
circles  in  Toronto,  and  has  been  for  some  years  practicing  his 
profession  in  this  city.  The  new  firm  of  MacMullen,  Riley  & 
.\ngus  will  continue  the  design  of  heating,  ventilating,  plumbing 
and  electrical  equipment  of  buildings  as  carried  on  by  them 
separately  in  the  past,  and  will  also  specialize  in  the  building, 
design  and  equipment  of  Industrial   plants. 


CIRCULATIOIS  HEPRKSENTATIVK 

We  have  an  opening  for  a  good  live  travelling  Circulation 
Representative  to  call  on  the  Architects,  Engineers  and 
Contractors  throughout  Canada.  Salary  and  Commission. 
Address  CIRCULATION   MANAGER.  "CONSTRUCTION." 


LARGE  CONTRACT  TO  BE  AWARDED. 

Tenders  will  shortly  be  called  for  excavating  .300,000  cubic 
yards  of  earth  on  the  site  of  the  new  Canadian  Northern  Rail- 
way station,  which  will  be  erected  on  Dorchester  street,  in 
Montreal.  The  contract  will  be  a  big  one.  the  site  being  in  the 
space  bounded  by  Cathcart,  Mansfield,  Lagauchetiere  and  St. 
Monlque  streets. 


BIG   JUMP    IN    BUILDING    IN   TORONTO. 

Building  permits  for  Ifll.')  in  the  City  of  Toronto  totalled  460. 
The  year's  business  amounted  to  $5,155,631.  So  far  this  year 
436  permits  have  been  granted,  totalling  $5,502,797,  or  an  increase 
to  the  end  of  October  of  $347,166.  In  October  last  year  the 
month's  business  totalled  $413,756.  This  year  permits  for  Octo- 
ber totalled  $496,148,  or  an  increase  of  $82,392. 


BUILDING    A    CITY. 

Preliminary  plans  for  the  steel  plant  at  Ojibwa>',  Ont..  are 
Hearing  completion,  but  actual  building  operations  will  probably 
not  be  commenced  before  next  spring.  The  location  of  a  civic 
centre  has  been  practically  settled,  and  municipal  buildings 
will  be  erected  in  the  spring.  The  plans  have  also  been  com- 
pleted for  a  storm  sewer,  which  will  empty  into  either  the 
Turkey  Creek  or  the  Detroit  River. 


CATALOGUES.    BOOKLETS,    ETC. 

Sterling  Furnaces. — .\  l)oolv],'t  entitled  "l-Jvery  Room  Heated" 
Ikis  l)een  issued  !>>■  the  m.-iUer.^  c)f  tliese  furnaces.  It  sets  forth 
ill  a  dt'scriptive  and  illustrated  manner  the  many  adv.intages  of 
tlie  Sterling  in  heating  and  scientifically  ventilating  the  modern 
iiome.  Copifs  of  this  liooklet  mav  l>e  had  frr>m  Fiiidla\'  Bros.  ^: 
!'->..    Ltd..    I'.iiietoM    I'lMce.    Ont. 

The  Dominion  Paving  &  Contracting  Co.,  Ltd.,  makers  of 
Pforiess  Carbolite  < 'aiiioiineum  Wood  I'reservative.  iiave  issued 
M  new  p.'implilct  regarding  tiic  merits  of  tlieir  preservative. 
\\'li:it  it  is.  wliat  it  will  do.  and  what  it  will  save  is  gone  into 
ill  iin  e\:iianator\-  manner.  Tills  pamphlet  is  well  worth  the  con- 
sider;Uioii  of  architects  and  engineers.  .\  copy  will  lie  mailed 
li.\  addres.-iiii:  the  above  c  impan\-  at  55  fjoi-e  Vale  avenue.  To- 
ronto.  Out 

The  fy^urphy  Furnace.-  'i'liis  automatic  smokeless  furnace  is 
•  laliorately  described  in  tile  25th  edition  of  their  illustrated 
catalogue.  The  installations  of  the  Improved  Murpli\-  .\utomatic 
Smokeless  Furnace  in<hides  a  great  number  of  the  prominent 
IniildinKs  of  Canada.  The  operation,  capacity,  durability  and 
mode  of  construction   is  dealt   with   in   this  edition.     This  cata- 


.■I.,       ,.;.  NEW    SCHOOL    IN    MONTREAL. 

Architects  Venne  and  Labelle,  706  St.  Catherine  street.  Mont- 
real, .associated  with  Vandal  and  Gascon,  520  St.  Lawrence 
boulevard,  have  completed  the  plans  for  a  new  school  to  be 
erected  at  the  corner  of  Fullam  and  Amity  streets.  The  esti- 
mated cost  is  $160,000,  and  the  contract  has  been  awarded  to 
J.  .\,  Durocher  and  G.  .VrchambaUit.  616  St.  Denis  street.  The 
iiuiiqing  will  be  of  re-inforced  concrete  and  Montreal  lime  stone, 
and  will  be  tboroughiv  modern  and  up-to-date  in  every  respect. 
Work  will  start  this  fall. 


BUILDING    STATISTICS    FOR    MONTREAL. 

For  the  month  ending  October  31st  171  iicrmi'.s  were  granted 
in  .Montreal,  totalling  $352,924.  In  October  last  year  il4  permits 
were  granted,  totalling  $493,268,  or  $140,344  less  than  the  cor- 
responding month  last  year.  One  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
thirty-two  permits  were,  issued  to  the  end  of  October  last  \'ear. 
tot.aliing  $5,tK)5.526.  as  comjiarcd  with  1.669  permits  issued  for 
the  corresponding  period  this  .vear.  totalling  .$4,139,934,  or  $S65.- 
592  less  than  last  year.  It  is  not  expected  that  the  total  this 
year  will  equal  last  year's  total. 


<^"' 


December,  1916 


Vol.  9,  No.  12 


CONTENTS 

CHURCH   OF  ST.   FRANCIS  OF  ASSISI,   TORONTO,  ONT 401 

NORTHERN    CONGREGATIONAL    CHURCH,    TORONTO,    ONT 405 

ST.   ANDREWS   PRESBYTERIAN    CHURCH,   MOOSE  JAW,   SASK 411 

THE   SASKATCHEWAN    ASSOCIATION    OF   ARCHITECTS    417 

ST.   GILES   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH,    HAMILTON,   ONT 418 

CHURCH   OF  CHRIST  SCIENTIST,  TORONTO,  ONT 421 

EDITORIAL 424 

l>eveiop  the  J^rofession .\    Koi-ward  Movement Canadians 

Xot  Ran-ed. 

THE    HEATING    AND    VENTILATING    OF    CHURCHES 426 

CONSTRUCTION     NEWS 430 

INDEX   OF   CONTENTS    FOR   1916    434 


Full    Page    Illustrations 

VIEW   OF    NAVE,   AISLE   AND   GALLERY,   CHURCH    OF   ST.    FRANCIS   OF 

ASSISI.  TORONTO,  ONT Frontispiece 

ENTRANCE     FRONT,     HATLEY     PARK,     RESIDENCE    OF    JAMES     DUNS. 

MUIR.    VICTORIA,    B.C.,    CANADA    422 


H     GAGNIER,    Limited,   Publishers 

GRAPHIC  ARTS  BLDG.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

BRANCH  OFFICHS 

MONTREAL  NEW  YORK 


l-lirr.c-H    OK   ST.   FIIANCTS   OF  ASSISI,  TORONTO,  ONT. 
AIITIIIK    W.    IKII.MES.   AltrnlTECT. 


Church  of  St.  Francis  of  Assisi,  Toronto,  Ont. 


T'JK  new  Church  of  St.  Frant'is  of  Assisi,  sit- 
uated oil  the  corner  of  trrace  street  and 
IvJansfield  avenue,  Toronto,  was  built  to  take  the 
place  of  the  smaller  brick  church  at  the  corner 
of  Grace  and  Arthur  streets,  which  was  erected 
fifteen  years  ago  by  the  present  pastor,  the  Rev. 
W.  McCann. 

The  new  church  was  comjileted  and  dedicated 
by  Archbishop  McNeil  in  October,  1915. 

The  main  entrances,  facing  west,  consisting 
of  three  large  portals,  with  double  doors,  lead 
into  a  spacious  narthex,  having  marble  mosaic 
floor  and  vaulted  ceiling.    From  narthex,  lead- 


t't.  wide.  Tile  widtli  of  church  at  transepts  is 
71  ft.,  and  the  total  length  of  the  church  is  156 
ft. 

The  ceilings  are  vaulted  throughout,  and  are 
constructed  of  steel  framework  suspended  from 
the  steel  roof  trusses,  and  covered  with  metal 
furring  and  lath. 

The  wall  and  ceiling  finish  is  in  rough  stucco, 
and  the  ornamental  shafts,  arches  and  groin 
ribs,  corbels,  string  courses  and  niches,  etc.,  of 
"staff." 

The  niches  in  the  sanctuary  contain  statues  of 
the  four  doctors  of  the  church,  and  the  main 


NAinilKX.    (inn  -11     of    ST.     FRAXCIS    OF   A.«S1.«I,  TOliOXTO,    (INT. 

iug  to  tiie  uuv((,  are  tlirce  double,  swinging  doors, 
corresponding  to  the  nuiin  entrance  doors.  From 
the  narthex  is  a  similar  double  door,  loading  in- 
to tower,  in  which  are  stairways  leading  to  the 
choir  gallery,  and  also  to  basement.  Two  en- 
trances facing  Mansfield  avenue,  and  two  more 
on  the  north,  enter  on  the  street  level  to  vesti- 
bules, with  stairways  leading  to  churi'h,  base- 
ment and  sacristies.  The  choir  giillcry  is  imme- 
diately over  the  narthex. 

The  nave  is  40  ft.  wide,  with  a  (!  ft.  centre  |)as- 
sage;  the  aisles,  used  for  passag(vs  only,  are  5 

401 


VIKW    OP   ENTliANCE    FROM    XAVE,   CHURCH    OF   ST.    FfiA.VC 'l.-^   (IF   A.S.SI.SI, 
TORONTO,    ONT. 

gi-oiu  ribs  at  ci'ossing  of  the  transepts  are  sup- 
ported by  emblems  of  the  four  evangelists. 

An  ambulatoiy  around  the  sanctuary  forms 
commmiication  hctween  the  cicr.gy  and  l)oys' 
sacristies. 

The  tower  is  21  ft.  sipiare,  and  120  ft.  high, 
with  an  oj)en  belfry. 

The  accommodation  of  the  church  is  900,  and 
that  of  basement,  which  is  used  as  a  parish  hall, 
is  of  similar  capacity.  The  portion  under  the 
sanctuary  is  utilized  for  the  heating  apparatus. 

Credit  Valley  stone  is  used  throughout,  with 


40  J 


CONSTRUCTION 


VIKW    OK    NAVK.   AISI,K   AND   (iAM.EKY.    CHURCH    OF    ST.    FRANCIS    OF   ASSISI,   TORONTO,   ONT. 


ARTHUR  W.    HOLMES,  ARCHITECT. 


liuliaiui  liiiuv-toiic  drcssiiio's  ami  interior  (>ol- 
iiiiins,  and  Hornaii  stone  for  tiie  window  tracery 
and  pinnacles  and  tlie  niche  and  stalne  of  St. 
Francis. 

Tile  cajjs  of  tlie  interior  cojnnnis  are  left  rou^'h 
for  futnre  carvini>'. 


Protection  of  Buildings  Beyond  Establighed 
Building  Lines 

To  tliose  who  liave  given  attention  to  the  at- 
litude  of  the  courts  regardinji:  the  question  of 
encroachment  of  buildings  upon  streets  or  i)ub- 
lic  propeity,  it  must  have  become  apparent  that 


CONSTRUCTION 


403 


rLOOK    I'LANj    CHURCH    OF    ST.    FRANCIS    OF    ASSISI,    TOUO.VTO,    ONT. 

suck  encroaclinieiits  are  now  viewed  as  of  luncli 
more  serious  monioiit  tlian  they  were  a  score  of 
years  ago.  In  fact,  it  is  probabl\'  not  more  than 
fifteen  or  twenty  years  since  the  city  building 
which  did  not  in  some  fonn  or  manner  project 
beyond  the  established  building  line,  was  the  ex- 
ception. Architects  were  then  in  the  habit  of 
designing  buildings  with  projecting  porticos, 
I)ay  windows,  and  even  base  courses,  and  these 
were  permitted,  in  some  cases  by  a  lax  enforce- 
"ment  of  municipal  laws,  in  almost  every  city  of 
the  country.  There  were,  of  course,  instances 
where  such  i)ractice  involved  the  owners,  and 
indirectly  the  architects,  in  difficulties  that  were, 
for  the  time  at  least,  embarrassing,  but  usually 
an  owner  or  architect  confronted  with  objec- 
tions on  the  i)art  of  tlie  city  was  able  to  carry 
his  |)()int  by  calling  attention  to  numerous  other 
instances  where  equally  flagrant  violations  of 
law  had  been  ])ermitted  bv  the  same  or  preced- 
ing administrations  without  molestation  or 
hindrance  of  any  active  character,  and  demand- 
ing equal  jirivileges. 

Of  course,  such  practices  are  always  liable  to 
be  carried  to  a  point  where  they  cannot  longer 
be  tolerated,  and  this  seems  to  have  been  the 
case  with  the  street  encroachment  abuse.  Some 
half  dozen  years  since,  the  streets  of  New  Yoi'k 


and  certain  other  cities  of  the  country  became 
so  congested  with  traffic  that  measures  for  relief 
seemed  to  be  imperative,  and  the  obvious 
method  to  pursue  was  that  of  reclaiming  the  en- 
tire street  width  from  building  line  to  building 
line,  a  considerable  percentage  of  which  was  no 
longer  available  by  reason  of  various  projec- 
tions beyond  the  building  line,  and  countless  ob- 
structions which  had  been  permitted  to  accumu- 
late and  increase  from  year  to  year.  In  the  be- 
ginning, efforts  to  reclaim  the  streets  for  the 
purposes  for  which  they  were  originally  in- 
tended, met  with  much  opposition,  and  in- 
stances where  owners  refused  to  remove  pro- 
jections previously  allowed  by  the  city  and  tol- 
erated for  years  without  legal  action,  were  nu- 
merous, and  the  cause  of  much  delay  and  litiga- 
tion. Gradually,  however,  the  requirements  of 
the  public  service  have  been  recognized  by  a 
majority  of  ])roperty  owners,  and,  as  a  conse- 
quence, less  o{)i)osition  is  shown  to  the  widening 
of  streets  by  the  removal  of  projections  each 
year,  and  new  structures  are  now  being  de- 
signed and  erected  well  within  the  property 
lines  established. 

The  ingenuity  of  architects,  apparently  al- 
ways equal  to  the  requirements,  has  provided 
entrances  and  other  features  affording  all  neces- 
sary facilities  without  in  any  way  encroaching 
iieyond  the  building  line,  and,  moreover,  with- 


BASEMENT   CLAN,  CHTTRCH   OF  ST.    FIIANTIS  OF  ASSISI,  TORONTO,   ONT. 


404 


CONSTRUCTION 


out  saoiilico  of  artistic  appearance.    The  Herious 

view  wliieli  the  courts  now  tai\e  of  any  encroach - 

n  ent  beyond  the  hnildinj;-  line  is  well  illustrated 

by  a  (U'cision  of  the  Appellate   Division  of  tlie 

S  u  p  r  e  in  e 

C  o  u  r  t    of 

Now    York, 

i  n  V  0  1  vin/jf 

title    to    a 

piece     of 

realty   in 

that  city.  Tt 

a  p  pear  s 

that     con- 

t  r  a  c  t     for 

the   sale    of 

this  proper 


ty  was  made   -C^*^ 
some    vears     ^°^ 


aH:o,  and  a 
deposit  paid 
on     account 

of  the  i)urciiase  price,  subject  to  the  deliverance 
of  a  clear  title.  Upon  search  beinf>:  made,  it  was 
(]iscovered  that  there  were  balcony,  bay  window, 
stoop  and  i)ortico  encroachments  beyond'  the 
!ii'ildin<^-  line,  and  the  i)urchaser  declined  to  tak"' 


ixjMcrruDimL  arcTion  b-b 

■lirHCll    (IK    ST.    FliANCIS    OK   ASSISl,    TOllONTd.    ONT. 


case  was  then  appealed,  and,  in  revei-siiii;-  the  de- 
cision, the  Appellate  Division  held  that  the  pro- 
jection of  bay  window,  stoop,  portico  and  bal- 
cony constituted  umh'niable  ejicroachments  u))- 

on  the  street 
pj  which  must 

be  I'emoved 
on  n  o  t  i  c  i* 
f  r  o  m  t  h  e 
city ;  that 
the  city  has 
recently 
o  r  d  e  r  e  d 
the  removal 
of  long 
s  t  a  n  d  i  ng 
s  i  m  i  1  a  r 
oner  oach- 
m  e  n  t  s  in 
wide  resi- 
dential and 
b  u  8  i  n  e  ss 

districts;  that  the  plaintiff  on  the  date  set  for 
perfonnance  could  not  deliver  a  good  and  mar- 
ketable title,  and  that  the  rights  of  the  city  and 
ifs  receid  iiolicies  aic  such  that  the  existence  of 


NAVK.    CHlltCll    (IK 


ST.    KltA.XI-l.S    OF    A.SSI.SI.    TORONTO,    ONT. 


title  unless  these  eiicroachnients  were  removed. 
The  sellers  refused  to  make  alterations  and 
l)rouglit  action  against  the  buyer  to  carry  out 
Wis  contract.  In  the  first  trial  of  the  case  the 
referee  decided  in   favor  of  the  plaintiff.     The 


VIEW   OF   SANCTIARY,   CHI  HCH    OF   ST.   FRANCIS   OF  ASSISl,  TORONTO,   ONT. 

the  projections  constitutes  a  cloud  upon  the  title, 
since  there  is  a  present  and  continuing  risk  that 
the  owners  of  the  pro]»erty  may  be  subjected  to 
action  by  tiie  city  and  com])elled  to  remove  the 
i-rojections. 


Northern  Congregational  Church,  Toronto 


Q^lTUATEl)  on  tlie  corner  of  Glen  road  and 
)0  East  Eoxboroug'h  street,  the  handsome 
scone  building  of  the  Northei-n  Congregational 
Church,  whicli  was  completed  in  the  fall  of  1914, 
stands  opposite  a  park  which  marks  the  centre 
of  North  Rosedale,  and  into  which  converge  a 
number  of  streets. 

The  site  was  selected  after  consultation  with 
the  Joint  Committee  on  Co-ojjeration  of  the 
Methodist,  Presbyterian  and  Congregational 
churches  of  the  city,  a  committee  that  had  its 
origin   in   the   feeling  that   closer  co-oi)eration 


mented  into  grooves  of  the  stone  frames,  mul- 
hons  and  tracer}',  receding  mouldings  to  the 
large  front  windows  and  doorways,  and  carved 
capitals  to  the  pillars,  and  carved  bosses  finish- 
ing the  drip  moulds  of  the  main  north  windows 
and  doorways. 

Many  handsome  and  costly  memorial  windows 
have  been  placed  in  this  building  by  individual 
parties  and  families  to  the  memory  of  those  who 
were  at  one  time  connected  with  the  church. 

The  interior  of  the  main  auditorium  will  seat 
in  the  neighbnrliood  of  nine  hundred.    It  is  of 


NORTHERN    CONGREGATIONAL   CHURCH^   TORONTO,    ONT. 

ahould  exist  between  the  three  denominations 
negotiating  for  church  union,  in  order  to  prevent 
()ver]ai)ping,  and  to  more  fully  cover  the  ground. 

The  architectural  style  of  the  new  building, 
whicli  has  been  admirably  adapted  to  the  shape 
of  the  lot  by  the  architect,  the  late  Mr.  John 
Gemmel,  is  early  English  Gothic. 

The  exterior  finish  of  all  sides  is  random 
coursed  Credit  Valley  Ashlar  stone  of  grey 
color,  with  flushes  of  reddish  brown  in  some 
stones.  The  trimmings  of  the  doors,  windows, 
plinths  ;iiid  buttresses,  arc  i-nbbed  cut  stone.  Tlie 
window  I'l-Mmes  are  stone,  witli  leaded  glass  cc 


JOHN    GEMMEL,    ARCHITECT. 

the  usual  style  of  a  Gothic  church,  with  nave, 
transepts,  chancel,  centre  and  side  aisles,  ceiling 
groined  and  walls  finished  in  grey  ])laster,  with 
woodwork  of  quarter-cut  oak. 

The  main  entrance  to  the  auditorium,  ))arlors. 
minister's  vestry  and  the  Smiday  School,  is 
from  Roxborough  street,  through  a  wide  corri- 
d(  r,  ti-iuimcd  in  oak,  with  beamed  ceiling  and 
tiled  floor. 

There  are  two  large,  commodious  parlors, 
with  folding  doors  between,  beamed  ceilings, 
and  liardwiiod  (i-im  throughout,  fire  place  with 
suitable  nianlcl. 


405 


«K. 


CONSTRUCTION 


AUDITORIUM,     LCXJKINQ     FROM     GALLERY,     NORTHERN     OONOKEOATIONAL    CHIRCH,    TORONTO,   ONT. 


JOHN    OEMMEL,  ARCHITECT. 


rAKI.nl;,     NOUTHKKN     rdXCIlKr.ATlONAI.    I'milOH.    TORONTO.    ONT. 


JOHN    GEMMEL,    ARCHITECT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


407 


The  minister's  vestry  is 
situated  at  the  end  of  the 
main  corridor,  provided 
with  suitable  fire  place  and 
fitted  with  all  the  latest  re- 
quirements. 

The  i)rimary  depart- 
ment is  one  of  the  most  at- 
tractiv'e  rooms  in  the 
building,  exceptionally 
well  lighted,  trimmed  in 
Georgia  pine,  painted 
white  and  enamelled,  with 
walls  decorated  in  suitable 
colors  to  harmonize  with 
the  surroundings,  and  fui'- 
nished  witli  white  enamel 
furniture. 

The  second  floor,  which 
is  reached  from  the  main  conidoi 


BASKMKNT    PLAN,    NORTHERN    CONGREGATIONAL    CHURCH, 


SfPPER   ROOM,   NORTHERN   CONGREdATIONAL  CHURCH,  TORONTO,  ONT. 

l)y  a  wide  oak  staircase,  is  the  main  Sunday  School  and  lecture 
room,  known  as  the  Clark  Memorial  Hall,  in 
memory  of  the  late  Henry  J.  Clark,  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  church,  and  superintendent  of 
the  school  for  over  thirty  years,  which  Sunday 
School  room  and  lecture  room  is  fitted  up  with 
class  rooms  and  gallery,  fully  ecjuipped  with  all 
modern  Sunday  School  requirements,  electric 
stereopticon,  etc. 

Underneath  the  chancel  and  connecting  direct- 
ly with  the  minister's  vest- 
ry is  a  commodious  choir 
room. 

Special  care  has  been 
taken  in  the  construction 
and  the  arrangement  of 
the  basement  to  make  it 
lofty  and  bright.  It  is 
reached  by  two  wide  main 
staircases,  and  one  exter- 
ior staircase.  One  large 
room  is  used  as  a  recrea- 
tion room  and  bowling  al- 
ley, and  other  indoor 
games,  with  large  lava- 
tories off,  provided  with 
shower  baths,  etc. 

There  is  also  a  well-ap- 
jjointed  supper  room,  with 
large  fireplace,  also  a 
large,  well-equip))ed  kitch- 
en, likewise  large  furnace 
room  equipped  with  steaui 
boiler  and  fan  and  ex- 
haust fan,  so  that  the  air 
of  the  building  can  be  con- 
stantly changed  without 
having  to  open  windows  or 
doors,  thus  making  the 
best  possible  ventilation. 

The  organ  is  built  on 
each  side  of  the  cliancel. 


TORONTO,    ONT.         JOHN    OEM  MEL,,  ARCHITECT. 


408 


CONSTRUCTION 


(^oea   ^'tit?^  


—  [Oii^Ta<j'ii»il  ^JipcTton  . 


NOKTIIEKN    CONGHKtiATlONAL    CHUHCH,    TUlidNTO,    ONT, 


with  the  console  betweeu,  and  display  pipes  both 
within  and  on  the  outside  of  the  chancel,  and 
contiiins  three  manual  instruments,  with  thirty- 
e'ght  speakinj?  stops,  which,  with  couplers  and 
combinations,  make  a  total  of  fifty-five  draw 
stops,    with    electric    )>neumatic    action,    the 


wind    being    supplied    by    electric    Orgo- 
The  furnisiiinns  Ilii'dUghout  have  all  beci 
to  harmonize  witli   tlie  interior  finish,  an 
hardwore    throughout    is    of    the    best 
ity  and  special  design  for  a  churcii  bui 


)low. 

1  kept 

til." 

<iual- 

Iding. 


^ut^  «ocJ  3iunOmii  ©c>>ooJ 


NORTHERN   CONGRBOATIONAL  CHURCH,  TORONTO,  ONT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


409 


Some  of  the  Difficulties 

Besetting  the  Practice 

of  Architecture 

The  practice  of  archi- 
tecture is  generally  class- 
ed among-  the  professions, 
and  the  architect  is  now 
ordinarily  accorded  an 
equal  rank  in  modern  so- 
cial life  with  the  lawj^er 
and  physician.  Most  of  the 
products  of  the  architect's 
professional  a  c  t  i  v  i  t  ies 
have,  however,  always 
heen  regarded  by  educated 
people  as  works  of  art, 
and  the  architectural  mon- 
uments of  the  past  belong. 
in  the  largest  sense,  to 
what  may  perhaps  be  con- 
sidered the  most  import- 
ant phase  of  the  fine  arts. 

It  will  be  realized  on  a 
little  reflection  that  archi- 
tecture at  its  best  possesses  a  dual  importance, 
artistic  and  utilitarian,  and  that  the  architect 
plays  a  double  role  in  the  affairs  of  life;  a  role 
wliich  adds  greatly  to  the  difficulties  of  his 
work,  since  it  demands  both  artistic  and  busi- 
ness ability  in  its  performance. 

In  the  practice  of  the  sister  arts  of  painting 
and  sculpture  tlie  finished  i)ro(luct,  which  is  after 
all  the  ti-ue  objective  of  the  artist,  is  within  the 
possible  attainment  of  the  individual  mind  and 
hand.    Painting  requires  only  the  skilful  iise  oi' 


AUDITORIUM,    LOOKING    KROM    PtXPIT,    NORTHERN    CONOKBOATIONAL    CHURCH,   TORONTO,    ONT. 


PASTORS    STUDY,    NORTHERN    CONGREGATIONAL    CHURCH,    TORONTO,    ONT.  , 

canvas  and  oils,  and  the  painter  is  able  to  sae 
his  conce]jtions  take  shape  under  his  own  liKnd 
without  the  intrusion  of  any  foreign  and  pos- 
sibly unsympathetic  influence  into  his  work.  The 
sculptor, is  equally  able  to  translate  his  ideas 
into  stone  or  marble,  and  even  if  he  relies  upon 
the  hel]i  of  a  third  party,  it  is  only  to  perform  a 
mechanical  part  of  the  work,  and  this  element 
could  be  dispensed  with  at  will.    The  client  or 
person  who  will    ultimately   possess   the  work 
does  not    enter    strongly   as  an    influence  into 
either  of  these  arts,  and  if 
he  is  known  and  an  influ- 
ence at  all,  he  is  usually  a 
])erson  with  some  previous 
knowledge  of  or  interest  in 
artistic  matters. 

On  the  other  hand  archi- 
tecture, b\'  its  very  natvire, 
demands  not  only  that  the 
architect  depend  wholly 
upon  such  artisans  and 
workmen  as  may  be  avail- 
able, to  translate  his  ideas 
from  the  abstract  to  the 
concrete,  but  he  is  also  de- 
pendent upon  the  client 
who  furnishes  occasion 
and  fixes  definite  limits  to 
the  ideas. 

The  client  of  the  archi- 
tect may  have  no  acquaint- 
ance whatever  with  archi- 
tectural matters,  and  fre- 
quently employs  the  archi- 
tect, not  in  the  capacity  of 


410 


CONSTRUCTION 


PRIMARY   RtXJM,  NORTHERN  CONORBGATIONAL  CHURCH,  TORONTO.  ONT. 


^IXDAV    SCHOOL,    NOHTHEHN    CO.NaREOATIO.VAL   CHfHCH,  TORONTO     ONT. 


GYMNASIiM,     N0I;TI1KI:X     i  (INUREUATIOXAL    CHrRCH,    TORONTO,    ONT. 

•••■■ti^t.  hut    n.fluM-  tlim   of  .lim-tor  of  Imildi.i-  ..onse  of  values  tl.at 

operations.  1  u,„^       4-1  i.- 

\,r.,i  .     ,,     ,       ,  I'otween  tlic  practica 

Witlim  the  l(>,o;a|  and  medical  i)rofessions,  the  too  i^reat  a   sacrifice 

interests  of  tlie  client  and  the  ])rofessionai  man  .liiuriraii  ArrhUcrf. 


are   usually  and  properly 

identical,  but  the  architect 
is  sometimes,  in  the  case  of 
uneducated  clients,  forced 
to,  in  a  sense,  serve  two 
masters,  and  to  seek  a  nice 
compromise    between    the 
duty  and    desire    on  one 
hand  to  create  a  beautiful 
huildinji^,  and  on  the  other 
the  ol)liji;ation  that  he  owes 
to  his  client  to  meet  his 
wishes   and     ])Ian     an   in- 
tensely practical  and  eco- 
nomical   structure,    omit- 
tinj::  all  else.     lie  is  even 
forced  in  extreme  cases  al- 
most to  the  point  of  insin- 
cerity to  preserve  the  in- 
tegrity of    his   design,  by 
such  expedients  as  draw- 
ing tlie    attention   of    his 
client  away  from  the  cost 
of  purely  artistic  features. 
Regardless  of  the  mora! 
aspect  of  the  (piestions  in- 
volved in   such   a  course, 
and  witlumt  attempting  to 
pass  on  matters  that  must 
be  decided  by  each  i)racti- 
lioner    for   himself,   it    is 
this  dual  imtui-e  of  archi- 
tecture that  has  given  rise 
to  many  po])ular  miscon- 
ceptions that  in  themselves 
hamper  and  thwart  the  ai*- 
chitect.      The    profession 
lias  always  recognized  the 
difficult  role  which  its  in- 
dividual     members      are 
forced  to  i)lay,  and  has  en- 
ileavored  by  the  mainten- 
ance   of-  a    high    ethical 
standard  to  serve  both  the 
iiiterests  of  the  public  and 
those  of  art  with  strict  fi- 
delity to  both. 

Only  by  a  slow  and  grad- 
ual i)rocess  of  education 
can  these  two  interests 
ever  be  made  identical,  and 
until  that  time  the  practice 
of  architecture  in  its  high- 
est form  will  probably  con- 
tinue to  consist  largely  of 
a  liberal  use  of  tact  and 
discretion,  accompanied 
by  a  highly-developed 
can  elTect  a  compromise 
I  and  the  artistic,  without 
to  either  one  ■of  them.   - 


St.  Andrew's  Presbyterian  Church,  Moose  Jaw 


W CISTERN  cities,  on  account  of  tlioir  rai)id 
growth  witiiin  the  past  five  years,  have 
undergone  a  development  and  improvement  in 
all  lines  of  civic  life,  and  the  increase  in  churcli 
,'jiemberslii]),  not  merely  in  ciiurch  attendance,  is 
an  unmistakabk^  sign  of  the  stable  development 
of  a  conununity.  In  1882,  St.  Andrew's  Presby- 
terian Church,  Moose  .Jaw,  iiad  a  mendx'rshiji 
of  9;  tliirty  years  later  it  was  900,  liaving  in  the 
n)eantinie  outgrown  tlie  confines  of  three  build- 
ings, and  making  necessary  the  construction  of 
a  building  which  might  reasonably  be  exi)ected 
to  piovide  a  clnirch  home  against  subse(|ueni 
growth  for  some  years.  To-day  the  church  mem- 
bership is  in 
excess  o  f 
1,200,  and 
t  h  e  mem- 
b  e  r  s  are 
housed  in 
the  most 
c  o  m  p  1  e  te 
church  edi- 
fice west  of 
the  city  of 
Winnipeg. 

The  build- 
ing is  of 
jmre  Gothic 
const  ruc- 
t  i  o  n,  its 
high  win- 
dows, great 
vertical 
height,  nar- 
row faced 
but  tresses 
term  inat- 
ing  in  slen- 
der floriated 
p  i  n  n  a  cles 
h  a  r  nioniz- 
i  n  g  c  0  m- 
pletely  with 
the     main 

l)ody  of  the  church.  Built  throughout  of  Beil- 
ford  stone,  it  has  every  apjiearance  of  dignity 
and  delicate  massiveness.  The  )nain  doorway 
is  approached  by  a  broad  stone  staircase,  hav- 
ing an  easy  rise,  with  a  rest  midway.  The  audi- 
torium is  almost  square,  71  x  75  ft.,  the  floor  and 
gallery  having  a  seating  capacity  of  1,200.  The 
.irches  are  of  dark  oak,  massive  in  api)earance, 
having  a  cleresotry  of  oO  ft.  above  the  audi- 
rorium. 

Adopting  the  custom  of  older  cliurehes,  the 
j»ulpit  is  entirely  enclosed;  constructed  of  deli- 
cately wrought  oak,  it  is  a  replica  of  Old  St. 
Andrew's,  Toronto.    The  choir  gallery,  with  its 


PULPIT,    ST.    ANDREW'S    PRESBTTERIAN    CHURCH,    MOOSE    JAW,    .SASK. 


('omi)lement  of  fifty-five  voices,  is  in  front  of  thi; 
i'ulpit,  and  around  this  is  placed  the  elders'  plat- 
form. The  color  scheme  is  (luiet  and  dignified; 
the  ceiling  is  a  light  bufT,  the  walls  a  harmoniz- 
iiig  green,  wliile  the  pillars  and  structural  por- 
I'ons  are  grey.  The  lighting  is  entirely  indirect, 
i.ll  lights  being  covnice  concealed.  Behind  the 
auditorium,  on  the  ground  floor,  is  the  minister's 
study,  tlie  board  room  and  (quarters  for  the 
choir  and  deaconess.  Beneath  these  rooms 
<no  the  heating  and  ventilating  plants,  and  ad- 
joining in  the  basement  is  a  large  social  hall, 
\-^-\th  a  seating  ca])acity  for  (500. 

The  organ,  built  l)y  Casavant  Bros.,  St.  Hya- 

c  i  n  t  h  e,  is 
the  se  c  o  nd 
1  a  r  g  e  st  in 
Canada, and 
installed  at 
a  cost  o  f 
$13,000.  It 
consists  o  f 
great,  swell, 
choir,  solo, 
echo  a  n  d 
pedal  or- 
gans, with 
fi  f  ty  -  t  w  o 
s  ])  e  a  k  i  ng 
stops  a  n  d 
forty  coupl- 
e  r  s.  The 
pistons  are 
adjust- 
able, double 
acting  and 
rev  ersible. 
The  chimes 
of  the  echo 
organ,  plac- 
e  tl  in  the 
south  -  west 
tower,  are 
b  e  autifully 
voiced.  The 
i)il)es  are  finished  in  brown,  and  cast  in  quarter- 
cut  oak.  There  is  electric  action  throughout, 
;ind  sounds  are  instantaneous  with  mechanical 
effort.  The  organ  is  blown  by  a  5  h.p.,  and  the 
echo  organ  l)y  a  1  h.p.  motor.  All  the  work  was 
done  to  tlie  specifications,  and  under  the  direc- 
tion of  Luther  Roberts,  Mus.  Bac,  Tor.,  organ 
ist  and  director. 

The  glass  and  windows  deserve  si)ec.ial  at- 
tention, more  particularly  that  of  the  memorial 
window  above  the  main  entrance  to  the  church. 
A  product  of  the  Lyon  studio,  of  Toronto,  it  is, 
in  its  perpendicular  style,  one  of  the  most  ar- 
listic  and  aesthetic  in  Western  Canada.     Por- 


411 


•Hi 


C  O  N  S  T  R  U  C  T  /  O  N 


iiAl.l.HUV,   ST.    ANDRKW  .S    I'liKMBYTKlUA.N    CllLliCll,    MOOSE   JAW,    tSA.SK 


irayiug  the  Seiinou  on  the  Mount,  its  colors 
are  soft  yet  striking,  symbolical  of  the  words  of 
eight  Beatitudes  lettered  in  the  design,  and  of 
the  figure  of  the  Master  sunouuded  by  the  mul- 
titude. 

The  heating  and  ventiUvting  systems  are  re- 
presentative of  the  best  present-day  practice, 
and  are  the  most  perfect  in  Western  Canada. 
The  heat  is  sui)plicd  by  two  tubular  return  boil- 
ers. All  air  is 
drawn  from  with- 
out the  building 
and  washed  before 
b  e  i  n  g  blown 
(li  rough  sixty  de- 
livery sliafts  locat- 
ed througliout  the 
structure.     For  the 


desk. 


.idded  comfort  of  church 
attendajits,  the  air  can  be 
ii'c  cooled  in  warm  weather 
Id  any  desired  tempera- 
ture, and  is  renewed  once 
iu  twelve  minutes.  An 
aeousticon  with  nine  out- 
lets is  a  novel  and  useful 
.Kljunet  to  the  church's 
equipment. 

The  Sabbath  School  is 
situated  to  one  side  of  the 
clnireh,  a  wid(*  corridor 
giving  them  a  connnon  en- 
trance. The  class  rooms 
are  arranged  in  two  semi- 
circular tiers,  ten  above 
and  eight  below,  all  visible 
from  and  communicating 
with  the  sui)erintendent's 
rile  ground  floor  can  be  converted  into 


one  hall  by  the  housing 
of  the  oak  curtain  parti- 
tions between  the  class- 
rooms. This  hall  will 
seat  500,  exclusive  of 
the  primary  class,  from 
which  it  is  separated  by 
sound-proof  walls.  The 
physical  as  well  as  the 


i:: 


'-!r:-.i,^l-L,---«^,?;^..:^Mj;.,,, 


:::il:i 


A. 


SOUTH    ELKVATION,  ST.   ANDREW'S  PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH,   MOOSE~JAW,   BASK. 


CONSTRUCTION 


413 


spiritual  was  considered  in 
the  design  of  tliis  import- 
ant branch  of  the  church 
work,  and  a  fully  equipped 
gymnasium,  40  feet  square, 
is  an  added  attraction  to 
the  school.  Beneath  the 
Sunday  school  is  the  men's 
clubroom,  and  it  and  the 
boys'  room  are  equipped 
with  shower  baths.  On 
this  floor  is  a  largo  social 
ball,  and  a  eomplotely 
equipped  kitclien. 

The  corner  stone  was 
laid  October  10th,  1912, 
and  the  formal  opening 
took    place    March    29th, 


SUNDAT    SCHOOL,    ST.    ANDREW'S    PRESBYTERIAN    CHURCH^    MOOSE    JAW,    SASK. 

in  the  fact  that  the  congregation  were  not  asked 
to  contribute  a  dollar.  The  plans  were  prepared 
by  J.  H.  Gr.  Russell,  Winnipeg,  at  the  suggestion 
and  direction  of  the  pastor,  the  Rev.  W.  G.  Wil- 
son, M.A. 

— ■  ♦  « — 

Law  for  Registration  of  N.  Y.  Arctiitecis 

The  New  York  State  Board  for  Registration 
of  Architects  has  made  an  informal  report  to 
the  organizations  which  are    interested  in  its 


I  j>.  • .,.  * — 111 


KAST  BLEVATION,  ST.   ANDREW'S  PRESBYTERIAN  rHI'RCH,   MOOSE   JAW,  SA8K. 


114 


CONSTRUCTION 


ST.   ANDRKW  S    PRKSBYTEKIAN   CHURCH,    MOOSE   JAW,  SASK 

work.  TIk'  first  rof^ular  annual  report  to 
the  Board  of  Ut'sents  of  tlu'  State  Uni- 
vcr.sity  will  be  printod  for  public  use  in  due 
course  of  time. 


Tile  law,  iiuown  a.s 
*' Chapter  454,  An  Act  to 
Amend  tlie  (Seneral  Busi- 
ness Law,  in  Relation  to 
the  Practice  of  Architec- 
ture," was  si^ed  by  the 
(lovernor  on  April  28, 
i!)!"),  and  became  effective 
immediately.  Tlie  mem- 
bers of  the  Board  were  up 
pointed  by  the  Re«:ents 
and  held  their  first  ineet- 
iufj:  for  orj^anization  Octo 
l)er  22,  1{)]5.  The  lioard 
undertakes  to  meet  one 
day  weekly,  usually  in  Al- 
bany on  Thursdays.  Since 
its  orfjanization,  up  to 
October  (I,  15)1(;,  thirty-two 
(.■i2)  meetings  have  been 
held. 

The  work  of  the  Board 
thus  far  has  consisted;  first,  in  formulating 
regulations  for  its  own  procedure;  second,  in 
(.litlining  standards  for  examinations;  third,  in 
preparing  for  i)ubliciation  information  wo-ard- 


OALI-KKY    I'l.AX.    ST.    AXDUKW'.-;    IMiK.SHVTp:RIAX    CHIRCH.    MOOSE    JAW.    SASK, 


J.  H.  0.  RtlSaELl,.  ARCHTTBCT. 


CONSTRUCTION 


415 


iiig  the  Registration  Law; 
and,  fonrtli,  in  passing  nji- 
on  ai>i>lic"ati(>ns  for  cei-tiii- 
eates. 

There  were  received 
about  nineteen  hundred 
(1900)  applications  for  the 
granting  of  certificates 
without  examination.  Al- 
most all  of  these  applica- 
tions are  from  men  wlio 
Were  practising  when  the 
Registration  Law  went  in- 
to effect.  Inasmuch  as  the 
law  is  not  a  license  law, 
those  who  were  in  practice 
before  the  law  went  into 
effect  may  continue  to 
practise  without  certifi- 
cates. Hence  the  Board 
believes  that  certificates 
should  be  withheld  from 
all  except  those  who  appear  to  be  reaso-iably 
well  qualified  to  use  the  title  architect.  Among 
the  api)licants  there  have  been  those  who  have 
considered  Real  Estate,  Automobiles,  and  even 


m^^^^^^HBg.  .'y-'^^^^^ 

» 

.\aJ»^ 

His^rrr^.  ^^h 

.^^^^ 

m 

r 

1 

1^ 

^^^^H   ■-      ^"'^'       mmm^.             lm^:___ 

••■'Br  tr-iiiiM^^.*^" 

§k4 

^*"    -A 

rf«^^S5^!^ 

._                      ill*- 

VIEW    FROM    GALLEKV,    ST.    ANDREW  S    PRESBYTERIAN    CHURCH,    MOOSE    JAW,    SASK. 


Undertaking,  along  with  Architecture,  as  legiti- 
mate branches  of  their  contracting  business. 
The  Board  has  found  it  a  tedious  and  time-con- 
suming matter  to  review  the  large  number  of 


BASEMENT    Pt.AN,    ST.   ANDREW'S    PRESBYTERIAN    CHl'RCH,    MOOSE    JAW,   SASK. 


J.    H.   G.   RVSSELL,  ARCHITECT. 


416 


CONSTRUCTION 


ai»i>lioati()Tis,  inaiiy  a  st'cond  and  tliinl  time,  and 
to  oxaniiiit'  tliousaiids  of  drawiujj^s  submitted 
nndiM-  allidavit.  Thus  far,  ten  hundred  and  six- 
teen (lOK!)  ajiplieants  liave  been  reported  to 
tlie  Hoard  of  We^ents  as  entitled  to  eertificates, 
one  hundred  and  ninety-seven  (197)  Irave  been 
reported  to  tiie  Hei?ents  with  the  findiiifi:  of  the 
lioard  of  l{eii:istration  tliat  "the  evidence  sub- 
mitted was  not  suoh  as  to  entitle  them  to  re<?is- 
tration  without  examination,"  and  about  seven 


The  lioard  of  Hegistration  rejwrts  that  it 
.-ees  already  evidence  of  beneficial  etTects  of  the 
lieKistration  Law,  and  trusts  that  the  most  im- 
I'ortant  work  which  tiie  iioard  will  have  to  do 
in  future  will  be  found  in  its  efforts  to  raise  the 
standard  of  education  of  architects  by  means 
of  its  examinations,  or  rather  by  means  of  its 
syllabus  of  re(piired  study  and  experience  which 
may  guide  students  of  architecture  in  their 
j)reparatiou  for  the  examinations.     The  good 


GROINI)   FLOOR    FLAN,    ST.    A.NDKKW  S    PRESBYTERIAN    PHIRCH,    MOOSE    JAW,    SASK. 


J.   H.  a.  RTISSEU,,  ARCHITECT. 


hundred    (70(1)    ajii>Iicaiits    remain    to   be   con- 
siclered. 

The  Board  for  Registration  of  Architects  lias 
undoubtedly  made  mistakes,  and  reconmiended 
tile  issuance  of  certificaites  to  men  not  entitled 
to  receive  certificates.  The  F^oard  will  correct 
any  mistakes  i)()ssil)le,  and  asks  the  help  of  the 
profession  that  it  may  do  so.  Information  re- 
oardiiiii'  any  person  who  has  attempted  wrong- 
fully to  obtain  a  certificate  should  he  sent  to  the 
State  i>oar(l  for  Registration  of  Architects,  T]du- 
catioti  Building,  Albany,  Xew  York.  Rei)orts 
may  be  made  personally  to  a  member  of  the 
i^oard,  and  thus  i)ermit  an  iuvestiigation  without 
tlie  name  of  the  re])orter  appearing  in  the  re- 
cord. 


will  and  co-operation  of  all  the  profession  is 
ecmfidently  hoped  for,  in  order  that  the  law  may 
be  administered  wiselv. 


Australian  Federal  Parliament  House 
Competition 

The  President  of  the  Royal  Institute  of  Brit- 
ish Architects  has  received  a  communication, 
dated  October  27,  from  the  office  of  the  Higli 
Connnissioner  for  Australia  in  London,  intimat- 
ing that  a  cablegram  has  now  been  received  from 
the  Department  of  Home  Affairs,  Melbourne,  to 
(he  effect  that  the  date  up  to  which  designs  for 
the  above  competition  may  be  received  has  been 
extended  from  January  .31  to  April  30,  1917. 


The  Saskatchewan  Association  of  Architects 


AT  tlie  annual  meeting  of  the  Saskatchewan 
Association  of  Architects  held  in  Reg'ina, 
on  October  27fch,  1916,  the  following?  officers 
were  elected  for  the  year  19Ui-1917: 

President,  A.  G.  Creighton,  Prince  Albert; 
Vice-Presidents,  R.  G.  Bunyard,  Moose  Jaw, 
J.  E.  Fortin,  Regina;  Secretary-Treasurer, 
i'rancis  B.  Reilly,  "Westman  Chambers,  Regina; 
Council,  W.  G.  Van  Egmond,  Regina ;  Prof. 
Greig,  Saskatoon;  II.  Cooper,  Saskatoon. 

The  meeting  was  a  very  successful  one  and 
matters  relating  to  the  welfare  of  the  profession 
were  dealt  with.  The  nu^mbership  report  shows 
thait  one  third  of  the  total  menibershii)  are  on 
active  service  for  the  defence  of  the  Empire, 
and  resolutions  of  appreciation  for  their  ser- 
vice were  passed. 

The  question  of  technical  education  received 
much  attention.  In  view 
of  the  need  of  employment 
for  returned  soldiers  who, 
if  properly  trained,  would 
be  able  to  help  in  the  great 
development  of  the  prov- 
ince which  is  bound  to  fol- 
low on  the  return  of  peace, 
it  was  resolved  to  urge  the 
Government  to  establish 
schools  for  technical  train- 
ing throughout  the  pro^  - 
ince. 

The  employment  of 
American  architects  for 
Canadian  work,  and  often 
by  Canadian  firms  was  re- 
gretted. This  practice 
naturally  leads  to  the 
specification  of  American 
materials  with  which  the 
American  architect  is  fam- 
iliar, and  to  the  em])loy- 
ment  of  American  contrac- 
tors to  do  the  work.  All 
of  which  is  to  the  detri- 
ment of  Canadian  business  and  a  serious  loss 
to  the  country  and  it  was  resolved  to  take 
steps  to  bring  this  matter  before  the  proper 
authorities  to  have  the  matter  remedied. 

The  next  annual  meeting  will  be  held  in 
Regina. 


A.  (lUAHAM  l.'HKUiHTOX,  PRINCE  ALBERT,  PRESIDENT  SASKATCH- 
KWAN  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARCHITECTS.  MR.  CREIGHTON  GRADU- 
ATED I.V  ARCHITECTI'RE  FROM  THE  T'NIVERSITY  OF  TORONTO, 
IN  1906,  AND  HAS  BEEN  PRACTISING  SUCCESSFULLY  IN  THE 
WEST    FOR   THE    PAST    EIGHT   YEARS. 


Greater  Home  Comforts 

Only  two  and  one-half  per  cent,  of  the  four 
hundred  farmers  visited  in  connection  with  the 
Agricultural  Survey  of  the  Commission  of  Con- 
servation in  1915,  had  the  complete  service  of 
water  on  tap,  bath  and  toilet  in  their  houses. 


Five  ])er  cent,  had  automobiles;  thirty-eight 
per  cent,  iiad  i)ian()s;  thii-ty-two  per  cent,  had 
organs;  and  twenty-two  per  cent,  had  gasoline 
engines  on  the  farm.  While  it  is  well  that  seven- 
ty per  cent,  possess  sufficient  musical  interest 
to  have  either  a  piano  or  organ  in  the  house,  it 
is  regrettable  indeed  that  thirty-nine  out  of 
for'ty  have  not  installed  the  water  service  and 
bath. 

Running  hot  and  cold  water  in  the  kitchen  re- 
moves much  of  the  drudgery  of  housework  for 
the  farmer's  wife. 

Bathrooms  for  farm  homes  are  jusf  as  neces- 
sarj'  as  for  city  homes,  and  the  cost  is  not 
])rohibitive. 

No  investment  yields  more  in  conserving  the 
women's  health  and  strength,  in  creating  greater 
home  comforts,  and  in  elevating  the  general 
tone  of  the  material  side 
of  living  than  the  installa- 
tion of  waiter  service  and 
the  sanitary  conveniences 
in  the  home.  Thousands 
of  farmers  who  could  well 
afford  to  do  so  have  not 
])ut  in  the  service  for 
various  reasons — because 
they  have  not  thought  of 
it,  or  because  they  do  not 
know  how  to  go  about  it, 
or  because  they  think  it 
too  expensive.  The  cost 
is  not  so  great  as  many 
imagine.  A  bath  tub  can 
he  purchased  for  $10.00,  a 
sink  basin  for  $3.00,  a 
closet  for  $16.00,  a  thirty- 
gallon  hot  water  tank  for 
$10.00.  Various  means  are 
employed  in  obtaining 
l)ressure  at  the  taps,  such 
as  a  force  pump  to  elevate 
water  to  a  tank  in  the  attic, 
or  a  pneumatic  tank  in  the 
collar,  and  the  cost  of  pi])ing  and  installation 
will  vary  according  to  circumstances. 

One  farmer  had  the  hot  water  attachment, 
tank,  bath  and  dry  closet  installed  for  $50.00, 
the  farmer  himself  helping  the  plumber  to  do 
the  work.  The  complete  service,  which  would  be 
used  three  hundred  and  sixty-five  days  in  the 
year,  can  be  installed  on  the  average  farm  for 
l-.^ss  than  the  farmer  ])ays  for  the  binder  he  uses 
for  a  few  days  at  luirvest  time  and  which  stands 
idle  for  the  balance  of  the  year.  The  man  on 
the  farm  thinks  he  cannot  get  along  without  the 
many  labor  saving  devices.  How  about  a  labor 
saver  for  the  farm  women? 


417 


St.  Giles  Presbyterian  Church,  Hamilton,  Ont. 


8T.  (ill.KS  Clnirch  is  an  attractive  stnictuiv 
,_  witli  exterior  walls  of  l)rick  ami  concrete 
stone.  The  stone  trinnnin^s  being  designed  to 
render  an  effective  contrast  to  tlie  coloring  of 
the  brick.  The  building  is  fifty-six  feet,  four 
inches,  by  one  'hundred  and  sixteen  feet,  on 
stone  foundations.  Walls  are  of  solid  bi'ick, 
the  basement  being  twenty-four  inches  and 
super-structure  walls  eighteen  inches.  The 
roof  trussed  is  of  steel,  the  steel  beams  being 
covered  with  ash,  giving  them  a  more  massive 
appearance. 

The  interior  walls  are  panelled  with  oak  of  a 
dark  finish  to  a  height  of  nine  feet.  The  remain- 
der of  the  walls  in  the  building  being  finished  in 
gray  stucco. 


strings,  bars  of  metal  and  woixl  and  also  metal- 
lic discs,  by  means  of  induction  from  magnets 
in  close  proximity,  which  gives  out  a  tone  of 
marvellous  sweetness.  During  tlic  present  year, 
in  order  to  increase  the  volume  of  tone  the  Bos- 
ton Company  arranged  with  the  Karn-Morris 
C'omi»any  of  Woodstock,  to  install  ii  small  pipe 
organ  of  five  stops.  The  two  instruments  are 
played  in  condiination  from  a  three  manual  key- 
board, the  same  as  any  ordinaiy  pipe  organ, 
and  lends  itself  to  great  variety  of  tone. 

Two  small  units  of  the  choralcelo  are  placed 
in  the  rear  gallery  and  give  the  effect  of  an  edho 
organ. 

This  installation  was  the  first  of  its  kind  in 
Canada  and  is  proving  satisfactory. 


ST.    l!II.KS   I'KBSBYTEKIAN    CMrKCH.    HAMILTON'.   ONT. 


STEWART  &   WILTON,  ARCHITECTS. 


The  seating  cai)aoity  of  the  cluiroh  is  nine 
hundred  and  fourteen,  the  gallery  and  the  east 
and  west  transepts,  and  at  the  rear  supplement- 
ing the  main  floor  and  seating  capacity.  The 
fiOor  and  seats  are  of  oak,  the  floor  being  car- 
[)eted.  On  the  east  side  is  included  a  chapel  for 
prayer-meeting  and  special  meetings.  The  Sun- 
day School  is  a  separate  building  being  circular. 
The  minister's  study  is  also  on  the  east  side,  has 
a  beam  ceiling,  is  oak  panelled  and  cai^peited. 

The  windows  are  all  of  stained  glass.  The 
lighting  fixtures  are  nni(pie,  being  of  si)ecial 
design,  each  one  containing  three  reflectors.  The 
framework  of  the  fixtures  is  of  cypnis,  enclosing 
art  glass.  Across  the  bottom  of  the  inside  is  a 
prismatic  glass  which  diffuses  the'  light  and 
gives  a  soft  tone  without  shadows.  Hot  water 
heating  has  been  installed,  the  heating  unit  being 
a  set  of  self  feeding  boilers. 

The  nmsical  instrument  is  a  choralcelo  and  is 
ill  the  natui-e  of  an  electric  organ,  the  tune  being 
produced  by  vibrating  chords  similar  to  piano 

418 


Designs  For  War  Memorials 

The  first  year  of  oi'ganization  on  the  ]iart  of 
the  Civic  Arts  Association,  of  Great  Jiritain, 
resulted  in  the  recent  exhibition  of  War  Memor- 
ial designs,  lield  in  the  galleries  of  the  Royal 
Institute.  Nearly  four  hundred  works  were 
submitted  for  competition  in  the  specified 
classes,  but  unfoi-tunately  limited  space  admit 
ted  of  oidy  a  small  number  of  selected  works 
being  shown.  The  Association,  it  must  be  ex- 
plained, owes  its  origin  to  the  far-seeing  jiolicy 
of  the  Hon.  R.  B.  Kay-Shuttleworth,  who  early 
in  the  war  collaborated  with  a  number  of  artists 
to  found  a  sociefty  whose  chief  aim  would  be  to 
act  in  an  advisory  capacity  to  those  of  the  public 
desiring  to  erect  memorials  to  their  dead.  In 
addition  it  was  recognized  that  the  ambitious 
title  Civic  Arts  embraced  practically  every  sub- 
ject bearing  upon  the  problems  of  social  amenity 
and  artistic  expression,  a  decision  arrived  at 
through  the  wisdom  and  eloquence  of  Professor 
liethabv.    The  Executive  Committee  of  the  As- 


CONSTRUCTION 


419 


sociation  have  the  desire 
to  auginent  the  aspirations 
of  other  established  bodies, 
not  only  in  the  furtherance 
of  artistic  achievement, 
but  more  particularly  re- 
garding the  interests  of 
artists,  and  hope  to  extend 
the  scope  of  their  opera- 
tions to  soil  that  has  re- 
mained uncultivated.  The 
need  of  an  org'anized  body 
of  artists  genuinely  inter- 
ested in  the  problems  aris- 
ing out  of  the  great  war  is 
urgent.  The  movement  in 
which  the  Association  is 
the  pioneer  is  as  yet  in  its 
initial  stages,  tlie  machin- 
ery far  from  perfect,  the 
conditions  seemingly  over- 
whelming ;  yet  the  fact  that 
a  jury  of  responsible  men, 
representing  all  sections 
of  the  sphere  of  art,  has 
agreed  to  work  in  an  ex- 
ecutive capacity  is  an  in- 
spiring innovation  with 
vast  possibilities.  The  As- 
sociation having  organized 
itself,  and  having 
discussed  all  the 
conditions  it  would 
be  called  upon  to 
meet,  resolved  to 
inaugurate  a  com- 
petition which 
would  serve  two 
distinct  purposes : 
first,  to  assist  those 
artists  and  crafts- 
men whom  the  war 
has  seriously  af- 
fected; and  second- 
ly, to  enquire  into, 
as  well  as  to  make 
discoveries  regard- 
ing the  nature  of 
war  memorials 
suitable  for  every 
purse.  In  time  the 
scope  of  the  Asso- 
ciation might  well 
be  enlarged  from 
its  present  advis- 
ory capacity  to  one 
in  which  it  might 
exercise  control  in 
the  design  of  mon 
uments  and  thoir 
public  setting. 
Judging    f  ]•  o  111 


BASEMEXT.   PLAN,     ST.     GILES    PRESBYTERIAN     CHURCH. 


the  results  of  the  first  com- 
petition it  cannot  be  said 
that  artistic  expression  of 
to-day  is  ideal,  although 
certain  healthy  signs  are 
noticeable.  There  are  ap- 
parently three  distinct  ten- 
dencies, groups,  or  schools 
in  existence  which  can  be 
classed  as  follows:  the 
Arts  and  Crafts  move- 
ment; the  intellectual  co- 
terie, wiitli  predilections 
for  the  teachings  of  Eodin 
and  Mestrovic;  and  the 
traditional  school,  which  is 
unfortunately  in  a  minor- 
ity. Signs  are  not  lacking 
that  the  first  Itwo  groups 
have  a  common  unity  and 
sympathy,  and  practically 
unite  forces  in  opposition 
to  those  who  pin  their  faith 
to  the  standard  of  tradi- 
tion. This  is  regrettable, 
but  it  is  wiithout  doubt  due 
to  the  amateurs  in  artistic 
matters  possessing  a  smat- 
tering of  knowledge  and 
acting  as  direct  patrons  to 


CKOUND    PLOOR    PLAN,     ST.     OILES    PRESBYTERIAN 
HAMILTON,  ONT. 


CHURCH,  SECOND     PLOOR     PLAN,     ST.     GILES     PRESBYTERIAN     CHURCH, 
HAMILTON,    ONT. 


42() 


CONSTRUCT/ON 


C'i'at'tsinoii,  tlio  lack  oC  a  j^cneral  staiulanl  of 
taste,  and  tlie  disturbing  intluont'i'  of  i'asliion. 

The  traditional  school,  which  to  architects  is 
the  most  important,  has  many  obstacles  to  ovei'- 
come  before  it  reitains  its  once-honored  status. 
Its  exponents  are  conservative  of  the  old  me 
thods.  hut  are  kcH>nly  alive  to  uhkUm-h  tliou,<>'li! 
and  prefer  to  advance  with  circumspection.  Xot- 
withstandinjf  such  conflicting  tlieories  and  ap- 
jiarent  diversity  of  purpose  anu)njj  the  com])et 
in.ii:  artists,  tlirougli  the  agency  of  the  present 
competition  several  discoveries  have  been  made. 
It  is  a  weil-iiu'rited  triuin))!!  for  the  traditional 
.sdiool  that  tiic  most  important  prize  should 
have  been  awarded  to  an  areiiiteot  and  a  scul])- 
tor  wliose  conjoint  proihu'tion  is  based  on  tra- 
dition—Tiie  grou])  of  sculpture  Hanked  by 
trophies  of  war,  su))mitted  liy  Mr.  K.  A.  Rick- 
ards  a  n  d 
IVIr.  TTenry 
I'oole,  and 
awarded  tlie 
first  i)rize, 
is  indubit- 
a  b  1  y  the 
besit  on  ex- 
fa  i  bj  t  i  o  n. 
The  second 
award  was 
secured  bv 
Mr.  Eric 
Gill  and  Mr. 
C  h  a  r  I  e  s 
ir  o  1  d  e  n. 
This  desii^ii 
is  of  (|uasi- 
r  e  1  i !?  i  o  11  s 
c  h  a  raoter ; 
its  symboli- 
cal mean  inn- 
luis  little  re- 
ference t  o 
the  war,  but, 
on  the  con 

trary,  aims  at  hi,uii  moral  sii^iiiticauce.  Mr. 
Eiic  (iill  is  a  re:'oi;nized  theorist  of  the  intellect- 
ual f^roup  which  is  at  present  fashionable;  he 
aims  at  originalily  based  on  archaic  simplicity, 
but  he  should  have  recognized  that  the  legend  of 
our  Lord  driving  the  money-changers  from  the 
Temple  is  too  sublime  to  suffer  translation  into 
material  terms. 

The  design  by  Mr.  Alan  Wyon  and  Mr.  Stan- 
ley Ramsey,  awarded  the  third  ])rize,  is  an  ex- 
ample of  nuxlern  classic  imperfeotly  worked 
out,  although,  considered  as  an  idea,  the  concep- 
tion is  striking.  Mr.  Ramsey  is  well  known  for 
his  theories  regarding  the  best  French  models 
of  similar  character,  and  it  is  all  the  more  re- 
grettable that  tlie  sculptor  did  not  rise  to  the 
occasion  in  the  design  of  the  figure  surmoun'ting 
the  i)eilestal. 


AiniTOKI  ["-M  . 


ill.KS    I'EiKSHYTKHlA.N    ClHIiCli.    HAMILTON,   ONT. 


Regarding  the  wall  tablets  subnviJtted  in  the 
various  classes,  these  are  far  from  convincing, 
altiiongli  in  some  instances  remarkable  for  good 
inscriptions  and  excellent  lettering.  The  tastes 
of  the  artists  vai-y  from  traditional  Renaissance 
motifs  to  designs  of  prcmounced  Egyptian  and 
Hellenic  ancestry. 

Mr.  Eric  Ui-adbury  was  awarded  the  first 
prize  for  a  mural  tablet  in  bronze,  the  design  of 
which  falls  in  the  latter  category.  Mr.  Eden's 
novel  design  for  a  carved  wood  tablet  is  an 
exami)le  of  rich  and  ingenious  complexity,  re- 
calling the  naturalistic  conventions  of  Grinling 
(libbons  transposed  to  teiins  of  (Jothic. 

The  designs  submitted  in  the  class  for  a  Vil- 
lage Fountain  vary  considerably  in  expression. 
Mr.  Cyiil  Farcy's  c<mception  appears  more  suit- 
ed to  a  vast  garden  than  to  the  simplicity  of  a 

village 
green,  and 
the  architec- 
tural treat- 
ment is  la- 
bore<l  and 
self  -  consci- 
Dus.  Other 
designs 
show  sj'm- 
[lathy  for 
i  y  c  h  gates, 
seventeenth- 
century 
penthouses, 
a  n  d  rude 
stone  horse- 
troughs. 

Among 
t  h  e  lesser 
me  m  orials 
for  the 
home  the 
m  e  d  a  1 
stands  de- 
signed    b  y 

Mr.  Arthur  Stratton  are  the  most  distinguished, 
and  reveal  legitimacy  of  pur[)ose  and  sound 
scholarship.  It  is  a  pity  that  the  claims  of 
ti'adition  in  this  particular  regard  were  over- 
looked by  the  jury  in  favor  of  the  lesser  import- 
ance of  craftsmanshi])  as  displayed  in  the  design 
of  inlaid  boxes,  illuminated  lettering,  etc. 

The  Civic  Arts  Association  did  not  expect  to 
receive  standardized  designs  readj^  for  use,  for 
the  ])rimarv  object,  as  stated  before,  vras  to 
make  discoveries  and  bring  the  necessitous  art- 
ist into  direct  touch  with  the  patron.  The  fact 
tliat  the  movement  has  been  well  received  in 
the  provinces  and  that  the  sympathies  of  local 
authorities  throughout  the  country  liave  been 
invoked  is  of  good  augury,  for  the  fulture  holds 
many  awkward  problems  in  store. 

A.  E.  ElCHARDSON   (F.). 


STEWAKT    &    WILTON,    AKCHITECTS. 


First  Church  of  Christ  Scientist,  Toronto,  Ont. 


AKC.'HiTECTUKALLY,  the  new  Christian 
Science  C'liurch,  at  the  northwest  corner 
of  St.  George  street  and  Lowtlier  avenue,  may 
be  described  as  a  modern  adaptation  of  Greelc 
arcliitectnre,  its  general  oliaraoter  being  sub- 
stantially that  which  prevailed  in  Greece  and 
other  countries  during  the  first  three  centuries 
of  the  early  Ohristian  Church. 

At  tlie  main  entrance,  on  St.  George  street, 
is  a  row  of  fluted  Grecian  Doric  columns.  Cross- 
ing the  loggia  (illuminated  at  night  by  hanging 


the  foyer,  are  the  board  and  reading  rooms, 
where  Christian  Science  literature  may  always 
be  found.  Here  also  are  three  of  the  five  stair- 
ways which  give  access  to  tlie  auditorium  on  the 
floor  above;  the  one  facing  the  main  entrance 
being  a  broad  flight  of  steps  leading  to  the  front 
and  centre  of  the  auditorium  to  facilitate  the 
seating  of  the  congregation. 

While  in  the  foyer,  those  who  wisii  may  leave 
their  hats,  coats,  umbrellas,  and  parcels  in  a 
room  for  this  pur])ose,  each  i)erson's  various 


AUDITORIUM,    CHURCH    OF    CHRIST    SCIENTIST,   TORONTO,    ONT. 

lami)s)  the  visitor  passes  through  the  main  en- 
trance into  the  vestibule,  and  throug-h  a  second 
doorway  into  a  spacious  foyer.  This  is  a  fea- 
ture of  the  church  which  distinguishes  it  from 
the  usual  church  'tyi>e.  This  foyer  is  large 
enough  to  accommodate  about  seventy  per  cent, 
of  the  audience  standing,  and  fulfils  the  function 
of  a  large  meeting  place,  for  the  people  to  ex- 
change greetings  after  the  service.  Here  Doric 
columns  support  the  ceiling,  and  two  fire-places 
are  to  be  notcil  across  the  tiled  space.  On 
either  side  of  the  ciil ranee,  and  accessible  from 


S.    S.   BisMEN,   ARCHITBCT. 

articles  being  given  a  separate  compartment, 
and  by  an  ingenious  arrangement  identified  by 
one  check.  There  are  also  comfortable  and  well 
lighted  toilet  rooms,  sanitary  drinking  foun- 
tains, and  a  literature  salesroom.  The  Sunday 
school  room  at  the  rear  of  the  building  is  com- 
modious, well  lig'hted,  and  affords  accommoda- 
tion for  about  four  Imndred  diildren. 

Ascending  to  the  auditorium,  the  visitor  finds 
that  everything  has  been  done  wliich  would  con- 
tribute to  his  comfortable  enjoyment  of  the 
servnce.    The  nature  of  these  meetings  make  it 


421 


422 


CONSTRUCTION 


CONSTRUCTION 


423 


necessary  that  the  readers  should  be  heard  from 
every  part  of  the  room.  All  of  these  essentials 
seem  to  have  been  perfectly  jtrovided  by  the 
architect  and  builders  of  this  church. 

The  lines  of  pews  are  concentrically  set  on  a 
sloping  floor,  giving  the  visitor  unobstructed 
view  of  the  i)latform.  Behind  and  above  the 
reader's  desk  is  a  row  of  Doric  pilasters,  separ- 
ated by  a  grille  or  screen  of  classic  design, 
through  which  the  invisible  organ  is  heard. 
Illumination  is  largely  by  the  indirect  meithod, 
the  visitor  enjoying  a  soft  yet  ami^le  light,  un- 
disturbed by  any  lighting  fixtures. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  general  design  and 
features  of  the  church  are  of  a  practical  and 
utilitarian  character,  and  these  basic  necessities 
are  beautifully  clothed  in  a  most  artistic  and 
convenient  architectural  form. 


Curious  Church  Architecture 

The  parish  church  of  Ormskirk,  in  Lanca- 
shire, England,  has  a  tower  and  a  spire  side  by 
side.  The  tower  is  built  over  the  porch  at  the 
west  end,  and  the  spire  is  placed  as  closely  as 
possible  to  it.  The  origin  of  this  architectural 
freak  has  not  been  ascertained,  but  there  is  a 
tradition  to  the  effect  that  when  Orme,  the  Sax- 
on pirate  from  whom  the  town  derives  its  name, 
decided  to  construct  a  kirk,  or  church,  as  an  ex- 
piatory offering  for  his  evil  deeds,  his  two 
daughters  quarreled  over  the  design  for  the 
structure.     One  determined   to   have   a   tower; 


KEADEH.S      DESK,  CUL'KCH    OK    i  Ml  lilKT.  .SCIENTIST,    TOliO.NTO,    ONT. 


FRONT  FACADE^  CHURCH  OF  CHRIST  SCIENTIST,  TORONTO,  ONT. 

the  other  was  equally  resolved  to  have  a  steeple. 
As  neither  of  them  would  give  way,  the  pirate 
chief  acceded  to  both  their  wishes,  and  the  curi- 
ous may  see  the  tower  and  spire  still  keeping 
watch  side  by  side  on  the  surrounding  country. 

— Exchange. 

— ■  »  ■ — ■ 

The  Great  Mistake 

The  great  mistake  made  by  the  young  archi- 
tect at  the  beginning  of  his  career  is  usually  his 
failure  to  recognize  that  the  world  in  which  he 
jives  is  not  supremely  interested  in  Architecture 
written  with  a  capital  letter,  and  has  not  the 
time  or  inclination  to  make  a  close  and  intimate 
examination  of  the  architect's  qualifica,tions. 
On  the  other  hand,  everyone  enjoys  pleasant 
and  congenial  companionship  in  daily  life,  and 
the  architect  who  has  lived  a  self-centered  life 
of  absorption  in  one  pursuit  is  frequently  a  dull 
01-  boring  companion  in  society.  His  natural 
anxiety  as  to  his  own  future  will,  unless  he  is 
careful,  operate  directly  against  his  chances  of 
success,  and  when  he  obtains  work  he  should 
i-emember  that  it  is  more  to  his  advantage  to 
liave  converted  a  client  into  a  friend  than  to 
have  pleased  himself  with  the  design  of  a  build- 
ing which,  in  any  case,  he  will  regard  as  a  tenta- 
ti\e  effort  in  the  future.  We  do  not  mean  that 
lie  should  be  as  wax  in  the  hands  of  his  client, 
or  fail  to  do  liis  utmost  to  ])roduce  good  work, 
hut  he  should  avoid  the  mistake  of  over-estim- 
ating the  iiiqiortance  of  what  he  is  doing.  —The 
Builder. 


424 


CONSTRUCTION 


CDNSTRUCnON 

A   JOURNAL- FOR  THE    ARCHITECTURAL 

ENGINEERING    AND   CONTRACTING 

INTERESTS    OF    CANADA 


H.  GAGNIER.  LIMITED.  PUBLISHERS 


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Toronto  -  -  Canada 

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CORRESPONDENCE.     All    com-siic.nclence    slioulcl    l>.-    iiclilrw-i'.!    I"      LO.NMltll 
TIDN.--    r.inifr   llt.lini.m.l   aii.l    Sliepianl    Streft».    Toronlo.    Canada 

SUBSCRIPTIONS.— <'ana.l»  and  <ircal  lirllaln,  $3.0(1  per  annum.  I  nlled  Slatw. 
Ihe   Ciinllnrnl   and   all    I'nalal   Vidon   counlrlea,    J4.00   per   annum.    In   advance. 

ADVERTISEMENTS.- Chaniies  of,  or  new  advertl«emenl»  mu»(  reach  tlie  Head 
onue  not  later  llian  the  twentieth  of  the  month  preiiedlng  piihllcatloii  to 
enrure    ln.«crtlon.      Malllns   <late   Is   on    the    tenth   of   each   month.      Advertlslna 

COn'tr'TbUTIONS.'-  The  Kdllor  will  Iw  glad  to  con«lder  contrlhutlons  deallna 
>vith  malteia  of  Kcncral  interest  to  the  readers  (.f  tlds  Journal.  When  payment 
Is  desired,  this  fa<t  should  l)e  stated.  We  are  always  itlad  to  receive  the  loan 
of  i>hotoiiraphs  aiul  plans  of  IntereMlnB  Canadian  work.  The  originals  will  lie 
carefully  iicerved  and  returned.  ,  ,^  „  .  „_  .  _  ,  -  .j. 
Entered   a>   Second   Clase    Matter   In    the   Poet   Office   at   Toronto.    Canada. 


KR.\Si;U  S.    KEITH 


KDITOK  AND  MANAGER 


Vol.  IX     I  oronto,  December,  1916    No.  12 

Develop  The  Profession 

In  his  letter  to  the  editor,  wliich  aj)pears  on 
this  iiage,  Mr.  Baker  takes  a  laudable  stand  in 
reference  to  architectural  affairs,  and  briefly 
touL'hes  upon  points  of  outstanding  interest  to 
architects,  and  with  an  important  bearing  upon 
the  future  of  the  jirofession. 

^Ir.  linker's  i)oint  in  connection  with  the  need 
of  greater  aggressiveness  in  respect  to  the  edu- 
cation of  architectural  students  is  well  taken, 
but  it  does  not  go  far  enough.  The  architectural 
profession  in  Canada  will  never  fulfil  its  highest 
function  nor  reach  its  due  and  i)ro])er  position 
until  some  suitable  system  of  registration  or 
recognized  standard  of  qualification  to  i)ractice 
is  established.  Educate  the  youth  as  we  may, 
give  them  the  best  facilities  the  country  oiTers 
in  the  way  of  advantages,  insist  on  tliorough- 
ness  and  mastery  of  all  necessary  details  pertin- 
ent to  the  functions  of  an  architect,  and  then 
leave  the  door  wide  oi)en,  that  anyone  who  de- 
sires may  call  himself  an  architect  and  secure 
work  as  an  architect,  will  not  advance  the  pro- 
fession as  a  whole  one  iota.  Talk  as  we  may 
about  raising  the  standard  by  means  of  a  higher 
educational  advantage  for  the  students  and 
agreeing  amongst  ourselves  that  we  will  do 
everything  jtossible,  personally,  to  maintain  the 
traditions  of  the  professicm'  is  but  sounding- 
brass  and  tinkling  cvmbal   until  we  find  some 


means  of  protecting  'the  profession  juid  the 
public  against  the  man  who  is  not  (pialified  to 
practice. 

This  should  be  done,  not  five  or  ten  years 
hence,  but  right  now.  g^,^  December,  1916. 

Fiditor  of  Construction: 

A  feeling  of  gratification  and  admiration  must 
fill  tlie  breasts  of  those  arciiitects  who  are  left 
at  home  still,  at  the  sjjontaneous  response  so 
many  members  of  the  profession,  their  assist- 
ants and  students,  have  made  to  the  urgent  call 
to  arms  of  King  and  Country,  Their  enlistment 
and  conduct  in  the  war  has  added  lustre  and 
honor  to  the  i)rofession,  and  I  am  sure  that  at 
the  proper  time  a  suitable  means  will  be  found 
to  perpetuate  the  memory  of  their  noble  action. 

The  course  of  the  war  is  having  a  wonderful 
efifect  on  Canadian  character,  and  the  country  is 
passing  through  a  very  critical  time.  Architects 
in  'the  ordinary  routine  of  their  work  can  do 
much  to  aid  in  moulding  the  character  of  the 
people,  and  I  am  sure  ithat  their  constant  eif ort 
will  be  to  create  in  this  young  country  a  spirit 
of  honor,  thoroughness  and  energetic  progress 
in  every  direction,  at  the  same  time  using  all 
their  influence  against  that  undue  haste  which 
invariably  produces  superficial  results.  Eng- 
land is  to-day  greatly  strengtliened  and  sup- 
ported bj'  her  glorious  traditions,  resulting 
as  they  have  from  the  high  i)rincii)lcs  and 
thoroughness  which  have  for  generations  char- 
acterized the  mother  country. 

This  is  a  time,  too,  when  the  calling  in  of  i)ro- 
fessional  advice  from  foreign  countries,  unless 
absolutely  necessary,  should  be  avoided.  Cana- 
dians should  support  each  other  at  every  turn. 
Architects,  like  other  men,  have  bills  to  ])ay,  and 
cannot  lightly  turn  to  other  employment.  They 
proi)erly  rely  upon  their  fellow  countrymen,  as 
they  w^ould  also  give  them  their  own  support. 
This,  with  the  careful  conservation  of  all  re- 
sources, will  hel})  materially  to  bring  this  young 
country  into  line  with  the  best  traditions  of  the 
mother  countrj'. 

Those  foreigners  who  come  here  to  settle  are, 
of  course,  most  welcome,  and  will  soon  be  assim- 
ilated and  made  to  feel  at  home.  Those  who 
come  in  for  one  piece  of  work,  and  then  go  home 
with  the  money,  do  this  country  a  double  injury. 
Our  ])olicy  in  regard  to  this  should  be  a  broad 
and  generous  one,  but  "Canada  for  the  Cana- 
dians" must  ever  be  before  us. 

There  is  undoubtedly  a  serious  lack  of  aggres- 
siveness on  the  paii  of  architects  in  the  matter 
of  the  education  of  the  students,  and  the  holding 
of  meetings  from  tune  to  time.  A  j-ounger  gen- 
eration of  architects  must  be  brought  along,  we 
cannot  stand  still  because  there  is  a  war.  In  the 
course  of  time  the  war  will,  we  trust,  come  to  the 
desired  end,  and  architects  will  be  required  then 
for  the  hnmense  amount  of  construction  work 
which  is  ahead  of  us.    It  is  not  a  healthv  condi- 


CONSTRUCTION 


425 


tiou  for  the  aicliitects  to  s^'o  aloiii^'  without  iiieet- 
iiig  from  time  to  time  to  discuss  tliose  things 
which  affect  the  profession  in  a  genei'al  way. 
These  meetings  sliould  not  always  be  informal, 
but  should  be  recorded,  having  in  mind  tiie  fu- 
ture history  of  the  country. 

Tlie  press  of  the  country  could  do  nmeli  at  a 
time  like  this  to  furtlier  tliose  higli  aims  which 
must  come  to  a  people  whose  finest  young  men 
have  shown  and  are  showing  such  splendid  pat- 
riotism and  courageous  loyalty  in  defence  of 
their  country.  Possibly  it  is  not  going  too  far 
to  ask,  have  our  journalists  risen  to  the  occa- 
sion f  and  to  appeal  to  the  daily  ])apers  of  the 
country  for  a  liigher  standard.  The  people  are 
longing  for  it,  and  would  rather  pay  a  higher  " 
price  for  their  daily  paper,  if  that  is  necessary 
to  ensure  sonnd  journalism  in  the  highest  sense 
of  the  term. 

Architects,  individually  and  collectively, 
should  redouble  their  efforts  not  only  to  ensure 
good  building  and  good  architecture,  but  to  see 
that  students  are  trained  and  encouraged  to  pro- 
vide for  the  future  of  Canada,  the  great  ad- 
vancement of  which  everything  now  points  to. 

Yours,        F.   S.   Baker. 


A  Forward  Movement 

The  recent  action  on  the  part  of  some  of  our 
foremost  banking  institutions  in  resuming 
building  operations  suspended  entirely  after 
war  broke  out,  promises  much  in  the  way  of 
building  activity  for  the  coming  year.  Last 
year  and  most  of  this  year  until  a  month  or  two 
ago,  it  was  extremely  difficult,  if  not  imi)ossible, 
for  contractors  generally  to  secure  loans  for 
new  buildings.  The  whole  situation  has  been 
changed  so  that,  within  the  limits  of  existing 
conditions,  next  year  will  see  a  substantial 
amount  of  building  construction  in  Canada. 


Canadians  Not  Barred 

The  inter])retation  placed  upon  the  enforce- 
ment of  the  Alien  Labor  Act  of  the  United  States 
by  J.  H.  CMark,  United  States  Lafcor  Commis- 
sioner at  Montreal,  as  shown  by  a  letter  pub- 
lished on  this  page  in  August,  gave  unmistak- 
able evidence  that  he  considered  Canadian 
architects,  engineers  and  contractors  in  the 
same  class  as  mechanics,  and  consequently  they 
were  barred  from  undertaking  work  across  the 
border.  Inasmuch  as  Mr.  Clark  has  exercised 
control  of  emigration  from  Canada  to  the  United 
Slates,  and  was  in  a  position  of  authority,  it  be- 
came evident  tliat  we  were  being  discriminated 
against. 

We  are  glad  to  state  that  Mr.  Clark's  inter- 
pretation of  the  United  States  Act  was  not  in 
accordance  with  its  intent,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped 
that  the  authorities  at  Washington  have  so  no- 
tified him. 


Letters  received  from  the  United  States  De- 
partment of  Labor  and  the  Treasury  Depart- 
ment, Washington,  prove  clearly  that  whatever 
may  have  been  Mr.  Clark's  contention  in  respect 
to  the  Act,  he  was  acting  under  an  erroneous 
conviction.  Considerable  comment  and  not  a 
little  feeling  was  aroused  in  the  minds  of  Cana- 
dian architects  and  engineers  over  the  situation, 
but  the  atmosphere  has  been  cleared  by  the  let- 
ters to  Mr.  H.  Macdonald,  Acting  Secretary  of 
the  Canadian  Manufacturers'  Association,  in 
response  to  an  eiKpiiry  from  him. 

U.  S.  DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR,  BUREAU  OF   IMMIGRATION 

Washington,  November  3rd,   1916. 
H.    Macdonald,    Esq.,   Canadian    Manufacturers'   Association,   To- 
ronto.  Ont. : 

Dear  Sir, — R<!ceii>t  is  acknowledged  of  your  letter  of  the  26th 
ult.,  enquiring  whether  Canadian  civil  engineers  and  architects 
are  permitted  to  i)ractice  their  respective  professions  in  the 
United  States,  and  whether  they  are  eligible  to  contract  for  the 
erection  of  Government  works  or  civic  buildings. 

In  reply,  you  are  advised  that  professional  engineers  and  pro- 
fessional architects  who  come  to  the  United  States  to  practice 
their  respective  professions,  are  regarded  by  the  Bureau  as 
members  of  a  "recognized  learned  profession,"  and  eligible  to 
enter  this  country  under  the  exception  to  the  contract  labor 
provisions  of  the  Immigration  Statute  (Act  of  February  20th, 
1907),  in  favor  of  that  class.  This  information  is  furnished  you 
because  it  is  assumed  you  have  reference  to  the  admissibility 
of  members  of  these  two  professions  under  the  United  States 
immigration  law,  given  in  the  enclosed  pamphlet.  (See  Sections 
2,  4.  5  and  6.) 

So  far  as  your  letter  relates  to  the  privilege  of  Canadian  civil 
engineers  and  architects  to  practice  their  respective  professions 
in  the  United  States,  this  office  can  only  say  it  knows  of  no  in- 
stance in  which  engineers  and  architects  have  been  denied  said 
right  or  privilege,  or  have  been  discriminated  against  by  private 
manufacturers  and  construction  firms  because  of  the  Canadian 
citizenship  or  alienage  of  such  engineers  and  architects. 

Your  enquiry  as  to  whether  Canadian  civil  engineers  and 
architects  are  permitted  to  contract  for  the  erection  of  Govern- 
ment vi'orks  or  civic  buildings  is  being  referred  to  the  Treasury 
Department,  which  can  more  properly  give  consideration  to  this 
question,  and  that  Department  requested  to  advise  you  in  the 
premises. 

Respectfully, 

(Sgd.)       C.  T.  HAMPTON. 

Acting  Commissioner-General. 
TREASURY   DEPARTMENT. 

Washington,  November  13th,  1916. 
Mr.   H.    Macdonald,    Acting  Secretary,   Canadian   Manufacturers' 
Association,  Toronto,  Canada; 

Sir, — Your  inquiry  of  the  26th  ult.,  addressed  to  the  Immi- 
gration Bureau,  Department  of  Labor,  has  been  answered  in 
part  by  the  letter  of  the  3rd  inst.,  from  the  Acting  Commissioner- 
General  of  Immigration,  stating  that  professional  engineers  and 
aichitects  are  regarded  as  members  of  a  recognized  learned  pro- 
fession, and,   therefore,  eligible  to  enter  this  country. 

Your  inquiry  if  Canadian  civil  engineers  and  architects  are 
permitted  to  practice  their  respective  professions  in  the  United 
States,  and  whether  they  are  eligible  to  contract  for  Government 
work  and  civic  buildings,  has  been  referred  bv  the  Department 
of  Labor  to  this  Department  for  reply. 

The  ))ractice  of  their  profession  in  this  country  by  alien  archi- 
tects and  engineer!?,  as  far  as  privatelv-owned  buildings  or  civic 
buildings  belonging  to  the  states  or  their  m-unicipaltiies  are  con- 
cerned, is  dependent  upon  the  laws  and  regulations  on  the  sub- 
.iect  of  the  individual  states,  in  which  connection  it  should  be 
borne  in  mind  that  certain  states  require  architects  to  be  li- 
censed, which  in  most  cases  involves  appearance  before  a  li- 
censing board  for  examination.  These  states  are  California, 
Colorado,  Illinois,  Louisiana,  Michigan,  New  Jersev,  New  York, 
North  Carolina,   Utah  and  Florida. 

So  far  as  this  Department  is  aware,  there  is  no  general  law 
of  the  United  States  which  prohibits  the  employment  of  alien 
architects  and  engineers  for  Government  work,  either  in  •  the 
capacity  of  professional  men  or  in  the  capacity  of  contractors, 
except  the  restriction  placed  upon  the  Secretary  of  War  by  the 
.\ct  of  Congress  approved  March  3rd,  1875,  which  provides  "That 
in  all  contracts  for  materials  for  any  public  improvement,  the 
Secretary  of  War  shall  give  preference  to  American  materials, 
and  labor  thereon  shall  be  performed  within  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  United  States." 

W'hile  the  law  does  not  bar  alien  contractors,  the  Government 
is  not  bound  to  accept  the  lowest  proposal,  and  might  give  con- 
sideration to  the  trouble  and  inconvenience  to  which  the  Gov- 
ernment would  be  sub.iected  in  enforcing  its  rights  against  a  de- 
faulting alien  contractor  in  the  courts  of  his  own  country. 
Respectfully. 

(Sgd.)  B.   A.  NEWTON, 

Assistant  Secretary. 

The  authoritative  sources  of  the  above  com- 
munications give  ample  assurance  that  Cana- 
dian architects  and  engineers  are  not  prohibited 
from  undertaking  work  with  private  concerns 
across  the  border,  and  in  that  respect,  at  least, 
we  enjoy  the  same  privileges  as  our  American 
confreres  do  in  (Vinada,  excejit,  of  course,  that 
in  actual  i)rartice  the  benefit  is  all  in  favor  of 
our  friends  to  the  south. 


The  Heating  and  Ventilating  of  Churches 


By  HAROLD  L.  ALT 


TliK  veiitiliitloii  prolilem  In  the  modern  church  presents 
in:in.v  HnRles  for  conslderntlon.  not  the  least  of  which  Is 
the  fact  that  nnnu'rous  churches  arc  lah'jrlUK  under  heavy 
dt  l>t  and  are.  therefore,  not  at  all  anxious  l-)  spend  any  hirKcr 
sum  un  the  heatinK  and  ventilation  end  than  Is  absolutely  neces- 
sjiry.  .\dded  to  this  Is  the  ditllculty  that  some  churches  Uy  to 
econi>nilzc  hy  standing  i'old  during  the  week  and  heating  up  on 
Sunday  only  -a  mistaken  luid  danKerous  policy. 

The  masonry  onstructlon  of  most  churches,  especially  edl- 
hces  built  sonte  time  aKO.  is  usually  mu<'h  healver  than  that  of  a 
curr«>spondin){  theatre  of  e(iual  size,  and  this  results  in  extreme 
heat-ahsorbluK  capacity  when  churches  once  Ket  cooled  down. 

.\nother  consideration,  and  a  most  essential  one.  Is  that  of 
noise,  many  churches  havlUK  given  up  their  ventilatl'.>n  equip- 
ment in  disjrust  on  account  of  not  beinK  able  to  use  their  sys- 
tems duiiuK  services  owinK  to  the  obJeK-tlonable   noise. 

Therciore.  a  heating  and  ventllatlnB  system,  to  give  the 
utmost  satisfaction  possible,  should  combine  (with  all  the  other 
usual  desirable  iiuallties)  a  low  first  cost,  a  minimum  amount 
o?  noise  in  operation,  Kreat  capability  of  quick  heatlnR.  and  still 
must  be  simple  enouKh  to  be  operated  by 
more   or   less   non-expert  Janitors. 

OwiiiK  to  the  audlt')rium-like  arrangement 
there  is  no  need  of  the  individual  duct  s.\'8- 
lem  hi  the  i>rdinarv  church,  since  the  air 
from  all  sides  of  the  building  InterminBles 
almost  at  once  and  forms  a  fairl.v  equal  tem- 
perature at  vari(m8  helRhts  above  the  ttoor: 
for  the  s;ime  reason  the  double  duct  system 
need  not  be  considered.  In  fact,  the  trunk 
line  s.\'stem  seems  to  supply  ever.v  needed 
functi'>n.  being  at  the  same  time  cheaper  and 
simpler  than  either  the  individual  or  double 
duct    system. 

Kor  the  small  or  moderate-sized  country 
and  suburban  church,  the  modern  furnace 
has  much  to  recommend  it.  many  manufac- 
turers paying  particular  attention  to  this 
sort  of  work.  In  the  first  place,  it  is  abso- 
lutel.v  quiet  in  operation,  does  not  retjulre 
any  expert  knowledge  to  run,  cannot  freeze 
up  during  the  week,  and  supplies  enough 
fresh  air  to  meet  moderate  ventilation  re- 
quirements. A  recirculation  connection  com- 
bined with  a  carefully  designed  furnace 
equipment  of  this  sort  is  a  very  practical  so- 
lution of  certain  church  requirements. 

In   a    large   modern   city   church,    which    is 
the  style  of   building  with   which  this  article  particularl.v  deals, 
the  limitations  of  satisfactory  furnace  Installations  are  exceeded, 
;  nd    some    form   of   hot   blast   or   fan   system    should    be    substi- 
tuted. 

Assundng  the  trunk  line  type  of  system  has  been  settled 
upon  for  a  large  modern  city  church,  the  next  point  to  be  taken 
up  is  the  location  of  inlets  and  outlets.  .\  hot-air  inlet  in  the 
aisle  is  objectionable  on  account  of  its  being  constantly  walked 
over  (thus  receiving  an  excessive  amount  of  dust),  its  poor 
<listribution  of  the  entering  air  (even  when  two  or  three  such 
registers  are  used),  and  it.s  unpleasant  eltect  on  the  persons 
walking  over  it.  Neither  are  hot-air  inlets  under  the  pews  sat- 
isfactory, since  they  result  In  discomfort  to  persons  sitting  di- 
rectly over  them  when  the  temperature  is  high,  and  must  force 
more  or  less  of  their  air  through  and  around  the  clothing  worn 
by  the  members  of  the  congregation  before  this  air  rises  to  the 
breathing  line. 

Neither,  on  the  other  hand,  do  inlet  registers  in  the  ceiling 
and  the  use  of  downward  ventilation  entirely  rid  us  of  all  our 
troubles,  as  the  unusually  high  windows  (present  in  most 
churches)  result  in 
very  strong  cold 
r*  r  a  f  t  s  downward, 
falling  on  those  seat- 
ed beneath  such  win- 
dows. .\11  things 
consi<lered,  the  most 
satisfactor.v  location 
of  Inlet  openings  is  in 
the  wiiKU>w  sills 
when  the  incoming 
warm  air  counter- 
acts the  cold  down 
drafts,  resulting  in  a 
tempered  mixtui-e  of 
atmosphere  which  is 
thrown  outward  to- 
ward the  centre  of 
the  congregation. 

There  is  no  objec- 
tion to  exhausting 
from  outlets  located 
beneath  the  pews. 
and  this  jivoids  the 
exposing  to  view  of 
large  exhaust  regis- 
ters which  would 
otherwise    appear    in 

the  walLs  or  ceiling.  In  fact,  when  the  window  sill  inlet  is  used, 
better  results  are  •)l)tained  with  floor  exhaust  outlets  than  with 
openings  in  the  ceiling.  This  is  apparent  from  the  fact  that  the 
natural  flow  of  air  from  the  window  sill  inlet  toward  the  ceiling 
outlet  would  not  cross  the  breathing  line  of  a  single  member 
f>f   the  congregation. 

.V  cross  section  showing  just  such  a  window  sill  inlet  and 
pew  outlet  is  given  in  Fig.  1;  both  the  supply  and  exhaust  ducts 
in  this  particular  case  are  run  on  the  ceiling  of  the  basement 
below. 

Pome  systems  only  deliver  supply  air  and  let  it  find  its  way 
out  through  natural  leakage.  It  does  not  seem,  however,  that 
it  is  rea.=ot<abU'  to  expect  more  than  one,  or  at  the  utmost  two, 
:iir  changes  per  hour  to  find  egress  by  this  method.  If  more  air 
ins  is  usuallv  the  casei  is  being  supplied  than  two  changes  per 
limir.  some  provision  should  be  made  for  taking  care  of  the  art- 
'litioiiiil   air  furnished. 

.Many  .iichitects  object  to  a  radiator  exposed  to  the  view  of 
tlu-  c<>neriM.':ition.  a  much  simpler  expedient  being  the  installa- 


tion of  a  few  additional  rows  of  heaters  at  the  fan  and  to  warm 
as  well  as  ventdate.  This  method  Involves  the  advantaKcs  of 
•  llminating  all  the  radiators,  tingether  with  their  steam  ami  re- 
turn piping,  which  would  otherwise  run  promiscuously  around 
the  basement,  and  also  cuts  the  first  cost. 

I'ractlcat  trial,  however,  has  developed  several  severe  and 
radical  fallings  In  a  purely  hot  blast  system  used  without  direct 
radiators.  One  of  these  is  the  well-known  fact  that  while  a  hot 
blast  system  Is  at  best  rather  slow  in  warming  up  a  cold  building 
(even  with  recirculation),  the  heavy  walls  of  a  church  absorb 
so  mu<'h  of  the  first  heat  delivered  to  the  room  that  a  hot  blast 
system  otherwise  perfectly  adequate  will  have  to  begin  opera- 
tion Saturday  afternoon  to  bring  a  cold  building  up  to  I'O  degrees 
by  10  a.m.  Sunday  morning.  This  causes  a  jump  In  the  electric 
power  bill  during  cold  weather  that  Is  nothing  less  than 
startling. 

Another  disadvantage  Is  the  inability  to  warm  any  room  dur- 
ing the  week  without  starting  ui>  the  whole  system  and  running 
the  large  fan.     To  some  extent  this  may  be  overcome  by  a  more 
or  less  complicated  system  of  damjiers,   but  can  never  compare 
In  economy  with   the   use  of  direct  radiators 
for  heat  alone,  and  the  blast  system  solely  for 
ventilation  elTcct. 

The  drawings  shown  In  Figs.  2  and  3  are 
the  basement  and  first  floor  plans  of  a  church 
built  a  few  years  ago,  in  which  the  hot  blast 
system  is  used  In  general  without  radiators. 

This  system  was  carefully  designed  in  the 
extreme,  flues  being  run  to  supply  each  class 
room  individually,  so  that  the  doors  of  the 
class  rooms  could  be  shut,  if  desired,  and 
ventilation   still  carried  on. 

The  air  was  vented  through  the  roof  by 
means  of  two  ventilators,  one  over  the  Sun- 
day-school room  and  the  other  over  the 
church.  In  the  societies'  room  S,  where  the 
air  supi)lied  amounted  to  more  than  would 
-;--n  -u. — .^  3  I' -  jj  ''*'  '"^t  through  natural  leakage,  a  vent  X 
^^3^^^5j  5^3  ^"^  '^"^  through  Into  the  church  to  allow  a 
^^r-^^-^  p--'>^  relief  of  the  back  pressure  which  might 
otherwise  be  created  in  the  confined  room. 
This  hot  blast  system  was  most  carefully 
figured  and  installed  by  engineers  co-operat- 
ing with  the  architect,  and  everything  to 
make  the  system  a  success,  which  could  be 
done,  was  done.  In  spite  of  this,  as  might  be 
expected,  the  objections  previously  mentioned 
were  found  to  exist  m  this  installation 
While  a  recirculation  connection  R  (Fig.  3)  was  provided  in  the 
cold  air  downtake  from  the  roof  so  that  the  outside  cold  air 
could  be  shut  off  and  that  in  the  church  revolved  over  and  over 
again,  and  ventilators  V  provided,  it  was  found  impossible  to 
let  the  building  get  cooled  down  during  the  week  and  then  heat 
It  up  on   Sunday  morning. 

By  starting  Saturday  afternoon  and  recirculating  the  air, 
the  original  40-degree  temperature  (to  which  the  interior  of 
the  church  often  fell  during  the  week)  could  be  raised  up  to 
about  6«  degrees  before  shutting  down  for  the  night.  During 
the  night  the  temperature  would  drop  back  to  somewhere 
around  52  degrees,  and  by  starting  up  at  6  a.m.  Sunday  morn- 
ing, it  was  possible  to  get  as  high  as  65  degrees  by  10.30  a.m. 
(Continued  operation  during  the  day,  even  in  extreme  weather, 
shoved  the  thermometer  up  to  above  70  degrees  before  evening, 
showing  that  the  apparatus  was  amply  able  to  maintain  a  propter 
temperature  as  soon  as  the  walls  ceased  absorbing  large  quan- 
tities of  heat. 

To  those  who  might  say  the  apparatus  should  be  Increased, 
I   would  answer  that  this  increase  must  amount  to  at  least   100 

per  cent,  over  that 
already  installed, 
since  It  would  be  ne- 
cessary to  accom- 
plish the  same  heat- 
ing effect  (minus  the 
drop  during  the 
night,  of  course)  in 
about  one-half  of  the 
time  at  present  re- 
quired. 

To  those  claimimr 
the  building  should 
be  kept  warm  dur- 
ing the  week.  I  would 
answer  that  this 
would  entail  a  total 
of  more  hours  of  fan 
operation  per  week, 
as  well  as  additional 
coal.  thereby  In- 
creasing not  only  the 
coal  expense,  but  the 
power  bill  as  well. 

Let  us  turn  away 

from     the     combined 

hot  blast  heating  and 

ventilating       system. 

and   see   what   results  are  attained  when    the   warm  air  is  used 

solely    for    ventilation    effect    and    the    heating   accomplished    bv 

direct  radiators. 

In  the  first  place,  this  means  that  steam  supply  and  return 
pipes  must  be  run  practically  all  over  the  basement,  as  well  as 
the  galvanized  iron  pipes  used  for  the  ventilating  system,  and 
that  these  pipes  must  be  arranged  so  as  not  to  interfere  with 
each  other.  It  also  means  a  slightly  higher  first  cost,  this  not 
being  as  much  of  an  increase  as  might  be  expected,  owing  to 
the  fact  that  the  fan  heater  can  be  reduced  to  about  50  per  cent. 
of  the  capacity  otherwise  required,  besides  which  it  Is  also  un- 
necessary to  provide  a  recirculation  connection. 

The  advantage  of  heating  positively  all  rooms  regardless  of 
direction  of  the  wind  or  their  iso'ated  location,  is  obtained  only 
with  this  system.  By  the  simple  expedient  of  valving  each 
riser,  and,  possibly,  two  or  three  points  in  the  mains,  this  heat- 
ing can  be  accomplished  without  warmi'ng  up  the  whole  system 
and  without  the  expenditure  of  any  electric  power  whatsoever. 
Jloreover.    no   power   need    be   used    to   operate    the    fresh    air 


426 


CONSTRUCTION 


427 


system  until  the  congregation  is  fully  assembled,  and  often  in 
bad  weather  when  the  attendance  is  small  there  is  no  discom- 
fort experienced  for  an  hour  or  so  without  operating  the  fan  at 
all.  "With  a  proper  amount  of  direct  radiation  installed  it  is 
possible  to  warm  up  a  building  in  four  or  fiv,e  hours,  and  the 
maintaining  of  a  small  fire  under  the  boiler  (luring  the  week 
will  generate  sufficient  vapor  to  keep  the  building  temperature 
from  going  down  to  a  very  low  point,  making  it  much  easier  to 
heat  u])  than  without  the  direct  radiation. 

As  far  as  gra\'ity  air  systems  with  the  air  in  the  flues  heated 
by  indirect  steam  or  hot  water  radiators  are  concerned,  they 
are  naturally  unsuited  for  church  work.  They  have  usu- 
ally no  practical  way  of  recirculation,  and,  owing  to  most 
of  the  outlets  being  located  at  or  near  the  floor  level,  the  velocity 
of  the  heated  air  is  very  small. 

With  a  heat  stack  hung  on  the  basement  ceiling  it  is  often 
less  than  24  inches  to  the  outlet  in  the  floor  above,  which  means 
a  great  decrease  in  velocity:  this  requires,  of  course,  excessive 
radiation  and  an  undue  number  of  outlets,  which  must  also  be 
of  much  larger  size  than  require.!  with  a  fan. 

In  fact,  a  church  in  which  a  system  of  the  steam  heated  in- 
direct gravit.v  kind  was  installed  in  connection  with  an  old  type 
of  propeller  fan,  is  shown  in 
bigs.    4   and   5,    these   being 

the     basement       and     first  ^ 

floor  plans   alter   the   heat-               S  i — 
ing    was    remodelled.      This    _  n     ! 


alteration  was  made  neces 


-<^ 


sary,  needless  to  say,  by 
the  unsatistaccory  operation 
of  the  indirect  radiator  sys- 
tem fii-st  installea:  but  the 
desire  to  avoid  additional 
expense  caused  the  utiliza- 
tion, as  tar  as  possible,  oi 
the  old  registers,  which  ac- 
counts for  some  of  the  idio- 
syncrasies in  register  shape 
and  location  as  shown ; 
otherwise  the  system  is 
good. 

Same  of  the  readers  of 
this  article  may  question 
the  showing  of  a  system 
which  is  not  "ideal"  in 
every  particular.  Sad  to 
say,  systems  "ideal"  in 
every  particular  are  few 
and  far  between.  It  is  the 
purpose  of  this  article  not 
so  much  to  theorize  and 
vaporize  on  what  should 
be — and  is  not — as  it  is  to 
take  practical  installations 
which  serve  their  purpose 
reasonably  well — and  which 
are  installed. 

It  will  be  seen  by  re- 
feri-ing  to  Fig.  4  that  a  fresh  air  chamber  is  located  on  one  side 
o-  the  basement  in  which  a  vertical  down-discharge  fan  SF  is 
located,  the  fan  drawing  the  air  out  of  the  chamber  and  dis- 
charging it  into  an  underground  duct.  The  duct  splits  into  two 
branches,  one  brancli  going  to  the  rear  heater  chamber,  and  the 
other  to  the  front  heater  chamber.  The  pressure  produced  by 
the  fan  drives  the  air  upward  in  the  heating  chambers  and 
through  the  indirect  heaters  H  into  the  supply  ducts  on  the  ceil- 
ing, which  carry  the  heated  air  to  the  various  supply  registers. 
This  air  is  not  intended  to  heat  it,  serving  to  ventilate 
only:  the  heating  is  accomplished  by  the  direct  radiators  shown 
in  Fig.  5.  The  s.vstem  would  have  been  improved  had  the  sup- 
pl>'  registers  been  placed  under  the  windows,  but  money  was 
niit  available  to  permit  this  radical  change.  An  elevation  of  the 
supiiiy  fan  and  one  heater  chamber  is  shown  in  Fig.  6. 

The  exhaust  is  pulled  out  through  the  various  exhaust  regis- 
ters by  a  fan  EF  (located  on  the  other  side  of  the  basement 
across  from  the  supply  fan),  which  discharges  the  air  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  building.  The  discharge  air  from  the  adja- 
cent Sunda.v  school  is  carried  out  through  the  duct  K.  although 
this  does  not  affect  the  church  system  in  any  way;  X  indicates 
unexcavated  cellar. 

This  sj'Stem  has  the  advantage  of  supplying  fresh,  cool  air, 
if  desired,  just  as  efficiently  as  hot  air,  and  keeps  the  power  bilj 
at  the  minimum. 

A  most  important  matter  in  the  instal- 
lation of  a  church  system  is  the  elimina- 
tion of  noise  to  the  greatest  possible  ex- 
tent. Of  course,  this  is  always  desirable 
in  any  system,  but  it  must  receive  par- 
ticular attention  in  churches.  The  aver- 
age church,  while  having  massive  masonry 
walls,  for  some  reason  seems  to  have 
poorly  constructed  floors;  a  few  have  con- 
crete or  terra  cotta  floor  constructions, 
but  most  have  only  wooden  floor  joists 
with  plaster  below  and  flooring  above,  this 
construction  having  no  more  sound  proof 
qualities  than  possessed  by  the  ordinary 
frame  house.  Therefore,  while  noise  is 
specially  objectionable,  the  normal  con- 
struction  means  of  deadening  such    noise 

is  unusually  poor.  Noise  in  fan  systems  is  generally  produced  by 
one  or  more  of  several  distinct  causes.  These  may  be  divided  into 
fan  noises,  caused  bv  too  high  speed  or  improper  alignment;  air 
noises,  caused  by  high  velocities:  belt  noises,  when  belts  are 
used:  motor  hum,  present  to  greater  or  less  extent  in  all  motors; 
and  vibration  noises,  caused  by  improper  or  unstable  foundation. 

In  cases  of  improper  alignment,  of  course,  the  remedy  is 
easily  applied:  while  maintaining  air  velocities  of  1,200  feet  per 
minute  or  less  will  generally  prevent  the  sound  of  the  air  mov- 
ing through  the  ducts.  The  matter  of  fan  speed  should  be  care- 
fullv  looked  into  before  specifying  a  fan:  in  general  a  tip  speed 
not  to  exceed  3.000  feet  per  minute  will  be  quite  conservative, 
but  the  recommendations  of  the  manufacturers  of  the  particular 
fan  snecifled  should  also  receive  consideration. 

Belt  noise  Is  always  iiresent  where  the  motors  are  belt  con- 
nected to  the  fans,  but  this  trouble  may  be  aggravated  by 
looseness  and  improper  Joints. 

The  hum  of  the  electric  motor  is  a  sound  of  apparently  small 
moment,  yet  in  alternating  current  motors  it  is  of  a  peculiarly 
penetrating  character.  Many  engineers  regard  the  motor  hum 
as  deserving  of  more  consideration  than  the  fan  which  the  mo- 
tor drives.  Let  us  see  what  means  may  be  taken  to  overcome 
the  various  noise  troubles. 


Fig.  6 


In  Fig.  11  is  shown  a  fan  and  motor  installed  in  what  may  be 
termed  a  "first-class  standard  manner."  Both  the  fan  and  mo- 
tor are  set  on  substantial  concrete  foundations,  A  being  a  4  by  6 
inch  yellow  pine  frame  halved  together  at  the  corners  and  bolted 
to  the  foundation  bolts,  the  heads  of  which  are  countersunk  into 
the  frame.  The  fan  is  lag-screwed  to  the  frame,  and  a  2-inch 
cork  separator  pad  C  is  placed  between  the  frame  and  the  con- 
crete foundation  F;  the  motor  is  set  in  a  similar  manner.  With 
ordinary  flrst-class  apparatus,  properly  installed,  and  masonry 
floor  construction,  this  arrangement  is  fairly  satisfactory.  With 
wooden  joists,  plaster  ceiling,  and  common  flooring  above,  the 
motor  hum  from  this  installation  will  be  plainly  audible  in  the 
church,  and  other  more  efficient  means  should  be  adopted. 

In  Fig.  7  is  shown  a  method  of  confining  the  motor  hum  so 
as  to  render  it  unobjectionable,  but  this  method  does  not  kill  the 
noise  of  the  belt  or  the  fan.  A,  C  and  F  in  this  figure  Indicate 
the  same  materials  as  in  Fig.  9,  while  the  canvas  joint  shown 
should  be  used  on  any  and  all  fans  wherever  installed.  It  is  im- 
possible to  operate  a  fan  without  having  a  certain  amount  of 
noise  from  the  mowing  air  and  revolving  parts:  this  is  transmit- 
ted from  the  fan  to  the  duet,  which  telephones  it  direct  to  the 
room    outlets,    unless   the    metallic   connection    is   broken    by    the 

canvas  connection,  this  be- 
ing usually  made  about  8 
Inches  long.  With  Fig.  7 
the  noise  might  still  be 
heard  to  an  objectionable 
extent  in  the  church,  but, 
on  the  other  hand  again,  it 
might  not,  this  depending 
largely  on  the  fan  and  its 
peculiarities. 

In  Fig.  8  a  much  super- 
ior method  of  sound  dead- 
ening is  shown,  this  having 
proved  satisfactory  in  al- 
most every  case.  Here  A 
is  a  yellow  pine  frame  as 
previously  described;  B  is 
%-inch  tongued  and  groov- 
ed stock;  C  consists  of  two 
layers  of  2-inch  cork,  and 
D  is  another  layer  of  %- 
inch  boards,  binding  the 
whole  together:  E  is  piano 
felt  1  inch  thick  and  in 
strips  6  inches  wide;  while 
F  is  a  common  concrete 
foundation.  Sometimes  lead 
or  rubber  washers  are  used 
under  the  foundation  bolt 
nut  heads,  which  are  re- 
cessed in  the  frame,  the 
fan  being  lagscrewed  as  be- 
fore, while  the  hung  ceil- 
ing over  the  entire  appar- 
atus gives  a  double  dead 
air  space  between  the  fan 
room  and  the  church.  Of  course,  it  is  necessary  to  carry  the 
regular  basement  ceiling  straight  through  on  the  bottom  of  the 
joists  in  order  to  produce  the  double  space,  but  after  being  thus 
treated  this  installation  may  be  safely  located  under  any  portion 
of  the  church. 

Where  basement  head  room  is  scanty,  various  expedients  are 
adopted,  the  best  of  which  lower  the  grade  of  the  fan  room  fioor 
until  the  method  shown  in  Fig.  s  can  be  used.  Where  this  is 
not  practical,  an  expedient  .such  as  is  shown  in  Fig.  10  may  be 
used.  Frankly,  this  will  not  be  as  efllcient  as  the  method  shown 
in   Fig.  8,  but  it  is  fairly  satisfactory. 

When  exhaust  fans  are  located  on  upper  floors  the  problem 
is  also  best  solved  by  the  scheme  shown  in  Fig.  8,  the  foundation 
F  being  carried  on  suitable  structural  steel  supports.  Where 
the  head  room  is  limited,  a  structural  steel  support  arranged  as 
shown  in   Fig.   11  will  also  give  good  results. 

One  thing  that  should  be  remembered  in  all  fan  installations 
carried  on  steel  supports  is  "mass  in  the  foundation."  In  other 
words,  there  must  be  sufficient  weight  in  the  foundation  mass  to 
absorb  the  vibi-ation  of  the  fan.  for.  although  small,  this  vibra- 
tion is  present  just  the  same. 

.\s  an  example  of  this  in  aggravated  form  it  may  be  inter- 
esting to  note  the  case  where  one  of  the  large  public  service 
companies  recently  installed  some  blowers  for  forced  draft  pur- 
poses. These  blowers  were  driven  by  direct  connected  steam 
turbines,  thus  eliminating  all  reciprocat- 
ing parts,  but  of  course  they  operated  at  a 
much  higher  speed  than  the  ordinary-  fan. 
The  blowers  were  located  on  a  steel  plat- 
form constructed  of  15-inch  I  beams 
swung  across  the  firing  aisle  between  the 
two  rows  of  boilers  and  supported  on  the 
steel  building  columns.  The  beams  were 
designed  with  a  factor  of  safety  of  twelve, 
and  had  a  4-inch  reinforced  concrete  slab 
to  form  a  walkway  around  the  apparatus. 
In  spite  of  all  that  the  manufacturers' 
experts  and  the  company's  engineers 
could  do,  this  platfomi  shook  so  when  the 
apparatus  was  started  that  it  was  im- 
possible to  stand  on  it  without  holding  on 
to  the  handrail.  Numerous  suggestions 
for  remedv  were  made  and  tried  out,  but  none  sufficed  until  a 
common  wooden  form  was  built  under  the  bottom  of  the  I 
beams,  and  the  4-inch  concrete  slab  torn  off.  and  a  new  slab,  15 
inches  deep,  extending  from  the  top  to  the  bottom  of  the  beams, 
was  poured  in  its  place.  No  further  trouble  from  vibration  was 
experienced,  simply  because  the  increased  weight  of  the  mass 
was  sufficient  to  absorb  the  vibration. 

The  same  effect  in  a  lesser  degree  is  present  in  evei-j'  fan 
carried  on  steel  members,  and  the  presence  of  a  12-inch  concrete 
slab  under  the  entire  area  covered  by  both  the  fan  and  the 
motor,  while  a  simple  matter  during  construction,  will  save  much 
arnovance  that  might  occur. 

■  ♦  » 

WAR  AND  INDUSTRIAL  ECONOMICS  PRESENT  AND 
POTENTIAL. 
The  military  phases  of  the  war,  which  at  the  moment  are  of 
intense  significance,  cannot  appropriately  be  discussed  in  a  tech- 
nical journal,  but  the  critical  position  at  present,  and  the  sug- 
gestion it  conveys  of  a  prolonged  conflict,  invests  with  renewed 
Importance  the  economics  of  the  situation.  In  the  process  of 
attrition  financial  resource  must  be  a  dominant  factor.  Expendi- 
ture is  growing,  debt  is  mounting  up,  and  it  is  incumbent  upon 


428 


CONSTRUCTION 


A  FRENCH    PAINTEH  S  JOKE  ON    THE  CTBISTS. 
Tliis  picdn-t'   was  t»iu'  of   the   ft';iltii-is  of   tile   fxhihition   of   work   by   coiitt'iiiporary    Frciioh   iirti-^ts   at   tlu'   National    Kxhilfition. 
'*A   Showiiian's  S|k'i'cIi,"  ami  shows  a   cvifiist  i)aiiitcr   tryiii(f  to  sell   a   skeptical  olfl  gontlenian  one  of  liis  freak   pictures. 


It    is   eiititleil 


II. P.. H.    THK   IlfKE   OF   COXNAlliHT   LAYS  COIl.N'EU-.STONE   OF    NEW    PAKLIAJIENT  BUILDINGS. 

This  tuhclion.  wliirli  was  the  la-t  iiiiimrtam  (-eremonial  in  wliich  Their  Kxcelleiuies  took  jiart  at  the  Caiuulian  capital,  occurretl  on  September  1st, 
1»1^.    The  porlrai;  of  the  Princi'ss  Patricia,  who  staiiils  in  the  rear  of  her  father  anil  mother,  is  the  finest  snap-shot  that  has  ever  been  taken  of  her. 


CONSTRUCTION 


429 


Fig.  7 


all  concerned  with  that  production,  which  means  the  accumula- 
tion of  money,  to  face  their  responsibilities.  Thus  no  excuse 
need  be  made  by  us  for  insisting  time  and  again  upon  the  neces- 
sity for  thought  and  action  in  the  maintenance  of  our  national 
income.  The  strategic  skill  and  resource  of  our  generals  and 
their  staff,  the  valor  and  self-denying  courage  of  our  troops,  and 
the  continuous  and  untiring  effort  of  munition-producers,  all 
combined,  may  not  serve  to  achieve  a  victory  without  lasting 
disadvantage  from  the  Imperial  standpoint.  More  is  necessary. 
We  must  keep  our  exchequer  fidly  supplied  now  and  in  the  fu- 
ture. We  have  at  present  the  co-operation  of  the  industrial  re- 
sources of  neutral  nations  in  helping  to  augment  war  supplies. 
It  is  necessary  that  we  should  now  export  productions  ratner 
than  gold  to  i)ay  tor  such  purchases.  Consequently  the  main- 
tenance, if  not  the  increase,  of  the  output  of  disposable  manu- 
factures now  is  a  vital  dut>-.  To  inci-ease  them  in  the  future  is 
equally  imiiortant,  in  order  that  the  war  shall  not  involve  a  per- 
manent injui-y  to  our  financial  and  commercial  st.ability. 

The  advance  in  the  price  of  commodities,  involving  war 
bonuses,  as  it  has  rightly  or  otherwise  done,  is  economically  un- 
sound. The  cost  of  production  has  as  a  result  been  augmented, 
because,  in  the  great  majority  of  cases,  the  increase  in  wage  is 
not  countei'balanced  b.\' 
greater  output.  Goods  for 
home  and  foreign  use  are 
made  dearer.  Thus  the 
cost  of  living  tends  to 
rise  still  more,  while  at 
the  same  time  it  becomes 
more  and  more  difficult  to 
aaa  to  the  volume  of  our 
export  trade.  Only  by 
this  latter  means  can  our 
financial  condition  be 
made  satisfactory.  We 
do  not  propose  to  enter 
here  into  the  somewhat 
abstruse  question  of  the 
influence  of  paper  cur- 
rency on  the  value  of 
gold,  or  into  the  effect  on 
foreign  exchanges  of  the 
accumulation  of  gold  in 
neutral  countries,  due  to 
payments  by  belligerent 
countries  for  war  sup- 
plies. It  will  be  recog- 
nized, however,  that,  in 
effect,  adverse  rates  of 
foreign  exchange  must  in- 
fluence adversely  the  cost 
of  food  supplies  brought 
to  this  country.  This  is 
another  reason  why  the 
aim  must  be.  as  far  as 
possible,  to  pay  for  our 
raw  material  and  food 
supplies — and,  in  as  great 
a  measure  as  is  feasible, 
also  for  our  war  material 
— by  exporting  manufacturers.  Thfs  can  only  be  done  by  a  full 
recognition  on  the  part  of  the  employer  and  worker  of  their 
national  duty  to  ensure  economic  equilibrium  between  the  ex- 
ports and  imports.  The  latter  may  be  decreased  by  stringent 
economy  in  consumption,  with  the  further  advantage  that  sav- 
ings may  be  invested  for  personal  gain  and  national  weal.  The 
exports  may  be  increased  by  greater  and  more  efficient  ma.nu- 
facture.  The  difficulty  In  achieving  the  latter  is  intensified  by 
the  great  number  of  workers  withdrawn  from  their  ordinarj' 
avocations  for  military  service  either  in  the  trenches  or  in  muni- 
tion factories.  It  is  difficult  to  compute  the  number  of  these. 
but  Professor  W.  R.  Scott,  the  occupant  of  the  Chair  of  Political 
Economy  in  Glasgow  University,  in  the  inaugural  lecture  of  the 
session,  computed  that  the  number  for  Europe  was  25,000,000. 
We  do  not  think  that  this  is  by  any  means  an  excessive  esti- 
mate; it  is  probable  that  in  this  country  alone  there  are  10,000,- 
000  workers  who  have  ceased  to  contribute  by  labor  towards 
national  income.  We  have  seen  it  stated,  and  many  hold  the 
view,  that,  as  the  money  paid  for  war  work  is  put  into  circula- 
tion, the  expenditure  is  not  lost.  There  can  be  no  greater  fal- 
lacy. As  the  production  resulting  from 
the  expenditure  of  this  money  is  non-re- 
productive, it  does  not  add  permanently 
to  the  nation's  wealth.  The  money  spent 
in  producing  a  time- fuse,  which  is  fired 
away  with  a  shell  in  the  European  war, 
cannot,  by  any  trick  of  the  imagination, 
be  regarded  as  comparable  with  the 
money  given  to  the  same  workers  for 
producing  a  sewing  machine  or  similar 
piece  of  mechanism,  capable  of  augn^ent- 
ing  wealth.  While  we  cannot  avoid  the 
task  thrust  upon  us  of  wasting  money 
on  shot  and  shell  to  be  fired  away  in 
the  four  corners  of  the  Continent,  we 
must,  at  the  same  time,  try  to  counter- 
balance the  account  by  maintaining,  as 
far  as  possible,  our  output  of  wealth- 
producing  manufactures  for  home  as  well 
as,  and  particularly,  for  export. 

There  are  but  two  ways  of  increasing 
the  production  of  marketable  goods  at 
the  present  juncture:  by  the  fullest  pos- 
sible utilization  of  all  mechanical  appli- 
ances available,  and  by  the  utilization  of 
all  physical  effort  that  the  nation  can 
mobilize.  Lord  I>erby's  scheme  of  re- 
cruiting must  in  its  result  reduce  the 
number  of  young  men  who  might  be 
more    effectively    employed    industrially 

tlian  at  present.  It  will,  as  a  consequence,  be  necessary  to  draw 
into  the- net  for  the  output  of  manufactures  a  still  larger  volume 
of  female  labor.  Indeed,  the  question  must  soon  arise  as  to 
whether  some  Government  department,  either  existent  or  to  be 
created,  should  not  tackle  the  problem  of  maintaining  our  ex- 
port trade  in  order  to  rectify  the  economic  difficulty  which 
threatens  us.  We  are  glad  to  note  that  the  Home  Office  has  this 
week  appointed  a  committee  in  connection  with  female  labor  on 
commercial  work.  We  need  one  also  for  utilizing  the  remaining 
female  labor  for  augmenting  manufactures  to  adjust  the  eco- 
nomic situation.  This  phase  of  the  conflict  is  apt  to  be  lost 
sight  of.  because  industrial  economics  is  not  sufficiently  con- 
sidered in  our  commercial  life.     .\s  a  science  it  is  Ignored.     This 


Fig.  8 


Fig.  9 


l^.5/ob 


■e'Coi-/r 


Fig.  10 


^SreeJ 


Fig.  11 


is  not  the  time  to  enforce  the  advantage,  for  all  employers  as 
well  as  workers,  of  becoming  familiar  with  economic  principles 
and  their  application;  but  we  hope  that  one  of  the  changes 
which  will  come  as  a  consequence  of  the  intensity  of  life  re- 
sulting from  the  war  will  be  a  fuller  recognition  of  the  need  for 
a  study  of  industrial  economics.  Professor  Scott,  in  his  lecture, 
not  only  established  a  strong  case  for  such  recognition,  but  il- 
lustrated the  adv/antages  by  his  admirably  intorming  survey 
of  the  influence  of  economics,  not  only  on  modern  w'arfare,  but 
on  post-bellum  conditions.  He  defined  economic  science  as  "the 
explanation  of  the  phenomena  of  the  economic  life  of  a  coun- 
try," and  this  surely  involves  the  whole  industrial  fabric  of  a 
nation.  The  phenomena  have  become  much  more  important  ow- 
ing to  the  war,  and  the  ravages  already  disclosing  themselves, 
so  that  it  is  well  that  we  should  at  once  tackle  the  problems 
which  must  arise  sooner  rather  than  later. 

The  post-bellum  conditions  will  raise  new  problems.  There 
will  be  the  question  of  the  re-distribution  of  labor  at  home.  Un- 
certainties prevail  regarding  the  markets  for  our  exportable  pro- 
ductions. As  Professor  Scott  pointed  out,  certain  goods  and 
certain  kinds  of  skilled  labor  bear  at  the  present  time  a  "scarc- 
ity value,"  and  there  have  lieen  Indications  that  the  sellers,  both 

of  goods  and  labor,  have 
endeavored  to  obtain  a 
"scarcity  price" — in  some 
cases  even  a  monopoly 
price.  If  the  scarcity 
ceases,  prices  alike  for 
material  and  labor  will 
fall,  and  there  will  come 
a  corresponding  readjust- 
ment of  real  wages, 
which  will  be  to  the  ad- 
vantage of  the  unskilled 
worker.  But  to  what  ex- 
tent this  will  operate  is 
uncertain.  What  must  be 
aimed  at,  not  only  now, 
but  in  the  future,  is  econ- 
omy in  life  in  consump- 
tion of  all  classes  ot  goods 
which  can  be  exported, 
associated  with  the  high- 
est productive  efficiency 
in  labor.  This  does  not 
necessarily  mean  the 
cheapening  of  labor,  but 
rather  the  ensurance  of 
the  highest  degree  of  pro- 
ductivity for  a  given  ex- 
penditure, both  of  labor 
and  the  mechanical  appli- 
ances utilized  by  labor. 

The  war,  too.  has  in- 
volved immense  govern- 
mental Intel-. erence  with 
the  conditions  accepted, 
and  more  or  less  service- 
emergency  measures  tak- 
able.  in  peace  time.  The 
en  have  been  very  extensive.  As  Professor  Scott  pointed  out, 
the  State  controls  the  internal  transit  trade  of  the  country: 
State  insurance  schemes  have  far-reaching  effect  upon  sea- 
borne commerce:  a  very  considerable  number  of  armament  and 
engineering  works  are  also  controlled — the  number  now  exceeds 
1,000:  the  accepting  houses  and  banks  and  the  Stock  Exchange 
have  been  supported  by  the  public  credit;  and  foreign  trade  is 
regulated  to  an  extent  that  reminds  one  of  the  measures  of  the 
mercantilists.  The  Government,  too,  have  purchased  commodi- 
ties, such  as  sugar,  for  re-sale,  and  have  taken  steps  to  regu- 
late prices  in  the  coal  market.  The  Government  have  been 
careful  in  all  their  agreements  to  stipulate  that  the  observations 
and  restrictions  imposed,  owing  to  abnormal  conditions,  will  not 
be  continued  after  the  war.  Everyone  realizes  that  the  nation  is 
living  in  what  Professor  Scott  terms  "an  interim  industrial  life." 
And  yet  there  is  uncertainty  as  to  when  and  to  what  extent  we 
shall  "return  to  normal  conditions.  .Although  State  regulation  of 
industry  may  succeed  under  the  abnormalities  of  war  time,  it 
does  not  follow  that  it  will  confer  corresponding  advantage  when 
the  unexpected  conditions  due  to  war  cease  to  prevail.  From  the 
economic  point  of  view,  as  he  pointed 
out,  war  is  a  colossal  waste,  and  a  part 
of  that  waste,  which  may  be  necessary 
for  mihtary  reasons,  is  the  limitation 
and  restriction  of  individual  initiative. 
The  war  is  being  fought  in  the  interests 
of  national  freedom  and  for  the  main- 
tenance of  free  institutions.  Our  whole 
history  establishes  these  to  be  consistent 
with,  and  a  source  of  strength  to,  our 
national  life.  Yet  the  same  spirit  which 
commends  representative  democratic 
government  is  manifested  in  the  growth 
of  individualism  in  commerce,  which  is 
most  conducive  to  the  stimulation  of  the 
power  of  initiative  in  industry.  Thus, 
while  the  war  may  lead  us  into  new 
avenues  of  progress,  there  is  every  prob- 
ability that  the  changes  made  may  not 
be  so  much  in  basal  principles  as  in  a 
fuller  realization  of  the  fact  that  the 
economic  soundness  of  a  nation,  at  peace 
as  well  as  at  war,  can  only  be  founded 
on  prudent  economy,  in  order  to  limit 
the  outfiow  of  gold  to  foreign  countries, 
and  on  the  subordination  of  all  effort  to 
the  utilization  to  the  fullest  extent  of 
our  mental,  physical,  and  mechanical  re- 
sources. 


NEW    OFFICE    BUILDING    FOR    CALGARY. 

.\  handsome  new  office  building  will  soon  be  erected  in  Cal- 
gary at  the  corner  of  Fourth  street  west  and  Ninth  avenue,  for 
the  Robin  Hood  Mills,  Ltd.  The  building,  which  was  designed 
by  W.  S.  Bates,  A.R.I.B..\.,  will  be  two  stories  in  height,  built 
of  reinforced  concrete,  faced  with  tapestry  brick  and  artificial 
stone  trimmings.  The  contractors  are  Fraser  &  Bennett,  a 
local  firm.  .\n  interesting  feature  of  the  new  building  is  an  ex- 
perimental bake  shop,  which  will  be  located  on  the  first  floor, 
for  the  purpose  of  testing  all  flour  from  day  to  day. 


430 


CONSTRUCTION 

CONSTRUCTION  NEWS 

Information  of  Special  Interest  to  Architects  Contractors,  and  Manufacturers. 
Construction  Building  Reports  will  Give  You  Up-to-date  Information  Every 
Day  on  all  New  Buildings  About  to  be  Erected  or  in  Course  of  Erection. 


BUSINESS    BUILDINGS. 

Oalt,  Ont. — Plans  are  beiiis  pifpmed  for  ii  liuslness  block  for 
Dr.  W.  S.  McKay,  Main  St.,  and  Dr.  W.  S.  Uakin,  63  Water  St. 
North,   to  cost  115.000. 

Hageravllle.  Out. — Geo.  Frid  Co.,  Ltd.,  Hank  of  Hamilton 
liuildlnK,  has  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a 
bank  for  the  Hank  of  Hamilton,  at  Hagersvllle;  Gordon  Hutton, 
Itank  of  Hamilton  Bulldlni?.  Is  the  architect. 

KcntviUe.  Nova  Scotia. — The  sanatorium  at  Kentville  will  be 
enlarged   for  military   purposes. 

KlnKston,  Ont. — The  Military  Hospital  Commission,  Ottawa, 
are  contemplatinK  the  erection  of  a  hospital  to  accommodate  one 
thousand  patients. 

I.rf>ndon,  Ont. — .\rchitect  W.  J.  Carmichael,  care  of  the  Ueil 
Telephone  Co.,  Montreal,  has  prepared  plans  tor  an  addition  to 
the  telephone  exchange,  on  I'ark  Ave.,  to  cost  $75,000.  Tenders 
are  being  called  by  Architect  I...  Carrothers,  Bank  of  Toronto 
I'ullding,  for  the  erection  of  an  office  building,  for  the  Utilities 
Board,  London,  to  cost  $75,000. 

Niagara  Falls,  Ont. — Tenders  have  been  received  by  the  Ac- 
countant of  the  Royal  Hank  of  Canada,  Niagara  Falls,  for  the 
erection  of  a  bank,  at  Niagara  Falls,  to  cost  $40,000;  C.  M. 
Borter,  Main  St.,  Niagara  Falls,  is  the  architect;  Ireland  &  Din- 
ham  are  the  general  contractors. 

Ottawa,  Ont. — Frank  Hunt,  115  Arlington  Ave.,  Ottawa,  has 
been  awarded  the  plastering  contract  on  an  office  building  for 
the  Dominion  Loose  Leaf  Co.,  Wellington  St.,  to  cost  $30,000; 
Luford  Ltd.,  70  Kideau  St.,  have  been  awarded  the  painting  con- 
tract; McFarlane  &  Douglas  Ltd.,  250  Slater  St.,  have  been 
awarded  the  roofing  contract;  McCallum  Electrical  Co.,  525  Bank 
St.,  have  been  awarded  the  electrical  contract;  Gauthier  &  Co.. 
247  Dalhousie  St.,  have  been  awarded  the  plumbing  and  heating 
contract;  Doran  &  Devlin,  104  Sparks  St.,  are  the  general  con- 
tractors; Richards  &  Abra,  Booth  Building,  Sparks  St.,  are  the 
architects. 

Renfrew,  Ont. — Work  has  started  on  a  business  block  for  .John 
Mitchell,  Renfrew,  Ont.,  to  cost  $15,000;  G.  T.  Moore,  Renfrew, 
is  the  general  contractor. 

Windsor,  Ont. — David  Coutts,  70  Church  St.,  has  been  awarded 
the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  store  and  office  building  for 
Dr.  S.  J.  Minard,  Pitt  St.,  to  cost  $20,000;  Hugh  Sheppard.  Camp- 
bell .\ve..  is  the  architect.  W.  M.  Walker,  41  Jeannette  Ave., 
has  commenced  work  on  a  business  block  for  R.  Beusette,  Wyan- 
dotte St.,   to  cost   $7,500. 

Windsor,  Ont. — F.  Reaume,  River  Front,  Sandwich  East,  has 
teen  awarded  the  electrical  wiring  contract  for  a  hospital  ad- 
dition for  the  Hotel  Dieu,  Ouellette  .\ve.,  to  cost  $40,000;  ,Ios.  J. 
Heuroaux,  17  Wyandotte  .St.,  has  been  awarded  the  heating  and 
plumbing  contract;  .1.  R.  Boyd,  2'I0  Ouellette  Ave.,  is  the 
architect. 


CLUBS,   HOSPITALS,   THEATRES   AND   HOTELS. 

Byron,  Ont. — Tenders  are  open  for  the  erection  of  a  hospital 
for  the  Ijondon  Health  Association,  London,  Ont.,  to  cost  $75,000; 
Watt  &  Biackweil,  London,  are  the  architects. 

Byron,  Ont. — The  Dennis  Wire  and  Iron  Works  have  been 
awarded  the  iron  contract  for  the  addition  to  the  sanitorium  for 
the  London  Health  .Association,  and  A.  &  E.  Nobljs,  William  St., 
London,  have  been  awarded  the  stone  contract;  Watt  &  Black- 
well,  Bank  of  Toronto  Chambers,  London,  are  the  architects. 

Guelph,  Ont. — Wm.  Checklen,  Ouelph,  has  been  awarded  the 
mason  contract  tor  a  theatre  for  Geo.  Reinhart,  Guelph,  to  cost 
$15,000;  Joseph  Maylor.  has  been  awarded  the  carpenter  contiact; 
R.  J.  Pepper  has  been  awarded  the  cement  contract;  Oscar 
Strome  has  been  awarded  the  plastering  contract;  R.  Rolison 
has  been  awarded  the  heating  ontract;  .\.  Malcolm  has  been 
awarded  the  painting  contract;  \V.  Gowdy  has  been  awarded  the 
stone  work;  the  Hamilton  Bridge  Co.,  Hamilton,  Ont.,  has  been 
awarded  the  steel  contract:  CoiwIU  Boothe  &  Co.,  Guelph,  are 
the  architects. 

Hamilton,  Ont.— W.  B.  Charlton.  515  Indian  Road.  Toronto,  has 
been  awarded  the  general  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  hospital 
addition  for  the  H.amiiton  Health  Association;  ,J.  .1.  Evel,  51 
Stanley  Ave.,  is  the  secretary:  the  hospital  will  cost  $50,000; 
Capt.  W.  L.  Symons,  Military  Hospital  Commission,  22  Victoria 
St.,  Ottawa,  Is  architect. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — .\rchitect  Captain  W.  L.  Svmons.  Militarv 
Hospital  Commission,  22  Victoria  St.,  Ottawa,  has  prepared  plan's 
for  a  tubercular  hospital,  to  cost  $400,000.  .Architects  Stewart  & 
Witton,  7  Hughson  St.,  have  prepared  plans  for  an  addition  to 
the  hospital  of  the  Hamilton  Health  .Association,  to  cost  $50,000. 
.Architect  L.  AV.  Lambe.  care  of  Ij.  M.  Shenck,  1493  Broadwav 
.Ave..  New  York,  is  preparing  plans  for  a  theatre  for  Loews  IA(\. 
on   King  and  St.   Mary  Sts.,   to  cost  $200,000. 

Kitchener,  Ont. — Plans  have  been  prepared  for  a  hospital  for 
the  Sisters  of  Charity  in  Queen's  I'ark,   to  cost  $30,000, 

Montreal,  Que.— The  .Atlas  Construction  Co.,  Ltd.,  Montrepi 
have  been  awarded  the  general  contract  for  the  erection  of  the 
Marcus  Loew  theatre,  to  cost  $900,000.  at  the  corner  of  Catherine 
and    Mansfield   Sts. 

OshawH.  Ont.— J.  D.  Storil  Fittings  Ltd.,  Oshawa.  President 
of  the  Hospital  Board,  is  receiving  tenders  for  alterations  to  the 
Oshawa  Hospital,   to  cost  $20,000. 

Port  Brice,  Ont.— E.  Johnston,  Aylmer,  Ont.  has  prepared 
plans  tor  a  summer  hotel,   to  cost  $10,000. 

Quebec.    Que.— Architect    P.    Levesque,    Quebec,    is    preparing 
plans  for  a  hospital  at  A-iiieguay,   Quebec,   to  cost  $25,000. 
,.    ?,'•  Thomas,  Ont.—AVork  has  started  on  a  picture  theatre  for 
K.   H.   McLean,  St.  Thomas?,  to  cost  $10,000. 


I'nlon-on-Lake,  Ont. — Henry  K,  Kosler,  John  St.,  Leamington, 
has  commenced  work  on  a  hospital  for  the  lO.ssex  Health  .Associa- 
tion, Ruthven,  Ont.;  Charles  White,  Leamington,  (int.,  has  been 
awarded  the  mason  and  plastering  contracts,  ami  A.  E.  Law, 
Leamington,  Ont.,  has  been  awaided  the  heating  and  plumoing 
contracts;  J.  C.  Pennington,  I..aBeile  Building.  Windsor,  Out.,  is 
the  architect. 

A'ancouver,  B.C. — The  New  Pantages  Theatre  will  be  com- 
pleted In  January;  B.  Marcus,  architect. 

Windsor,  Ont. — Urel  Jacques,  160  Dougal  Ave.,  has  commenced 
work  on  .a  hospital  addition  for  the  Hotel  Dieu,  Ouellette  Ave.: 
Cross  Brothers,  25  Louis  Ave.,  have  been  awarded  the  ma.son 
contract;  J.  R.   Boyd,   240  Ouellette  Ave.,  is  the  architect. 


FIRE   LOSSES. 


Bathurst,  N.  B. —  The  beautiful  gray  granite  edifice  of  the 
Sacred  Heart  Roman  Catholic  Church  was  destroyed  by  Are; 
loss  $10,000. 

Bolton,  Ont. — The  Ontario  Hotel  and  a  store  and  residence 
were  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $15,000. 

Delhi,  Ont. — The  Sovereign  Mitt  &  Glove  Company's  factory 
was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $15,000. 

Frankford,  Ont. — Graham  &  Co.'s  factory  was  destroyed  by 
fire:  loss  $8,000. 

Gait,  Ont. — Woolworth  Company's  store  on  Main  St.  was  dam- 
aged by  fire  to  the  extent  of  several  thousand  dollars. 

Kelowna,  B.  C. — A  fire  which  partly  damaged  one  section  of 
Kelowna  Is  estimated  to  have  done  damage  amounting  to  $10,- 
000. 

Montreal,  Que. — The  stores  from  242  to  250  St.  James  St., 
Montreal,  were  destroyed  by  fire. 

Newark.  Ont. — The  cheese  and  butter  factory  of  Robert  Snell 
were  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $3,000. 

Ottawa,  Ont. — The  warehouse  of  Stewart  &  Co.,  34  Rideau  St., 
on  Sussex  St.,  was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $10,000. 

Peterborough,  Ont. — The  electric  light  plant  was  partially 
destroyed  by  fire:  loss  $3,000. 

Quebec,  Que. — The  Limoilou  Parish  Church,  Quebec,  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire;  loss  $180,000. 

Regina,  Sask. — The  electric  light  plant  of  Grand  Coulee 
and  a  blacksmith  shop  were  destroyed  by  fire. 

Saskatoon,  Sask. — The  elevator  of  the  British  America  Co.  at 
Harris,  Sask.,  was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $40,000. 

Toronto,  Ont. — Brickey's  boat  house  was  destroyed  by  fire; 
loss  $5,000. 

Toronto,  Ont. — The  factory  of  Adams  Brothers,  204  King  St. 
East,  was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $50,000. 

Truro,  N.S. — The  Kemp  Building  was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss 
$40,000. 

Wiarton,  Ont. — The  sawmill  of  Johnston,  Hunter  &  Crawford 
was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $100,000. 

Winnipeg,  Man. — Borbridge  Saddlery  Company's  warehouse 
was  destroyed  by  fire;  loss  $100,000. 

Woodslee,  Ont. — The  store  of  Louis  Geoi-ge  and  the  Odd  Fel- 
lows' Hall  were  destroyed  by  fire;   loss  $6,000. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

Chatham.  Ont. — .\rchitects  Adams  &  Adams,  Chatham,  have 
prepared  plans  for  a  salesroom  for  the  Gray  Dort  Auto  Co., 
Chatham,  to  cost  $6,000. 

Chatham,  Ont. — Blonde  &  Little,  Chatham,  have  been  award- 
ed the  mason  contract  for  the  salesroom  of  the  Gray  Dort  Motor 
Co.,  on  AVilliam  St.,   to  cost  $6,000. 

Coliingwood,  Ont. — Bull  Bros.,  CoUingwood,  are  erecting  a 
garage  on  Huron tario  St.,  to  cost  $10,000;  P.  C.  Palin,  Coliing- 
wood, is  the  architect. 

Fort  William,  Ont. — M.  Sellers  &  Son,  Fort  William,  will 
erect  a  grain  elevator,  to  cost  $150,000. 

Gait,  Ont. — The  Perfection  Machine  Co.,  Samuelson  St.,  have 
commenced  work  on  a  moulding  shop,  to  cost  $7,000. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — AVork  on  a  subway  for  the  City  of  Hamilton 
will   start   next  spring,   to  cost   $8,000. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — AVork  on  the  electric  incline  railway  for  the 
City  of  Hamilton  will  not  proceed   this  fall. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — A.  A.  Lees,  ^^<A  Main  St.  East,  is  preparing 
plans  for  a  garage  on  Jackson  St.,  to  cost  $10,000. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — .Architect  E.  B.  Patterson,  143  Wentworth  St. 
North,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  garage  for  A.  Venator,  222  John 
St.  North,  to  cost  $8,000. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — Tenders  may  be  called  before  January  1st  for 
the  erection  of  an  addition  to  the  waterworks,  to  cost  $600,000. 
E.  R.  Gray,  City  Engineer.  Plans  have  also  been  prepared  for 
a  20,000,000  gallon  reservoir. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — .Architect  E.  B.  Patterson,  143  Wentworth 
St.  North,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  garage  for  Thos.  Ramsay,  15 
.Market  St.,  to  cost  $15,000.  AVork  on  a  Labor  Temple  for  the 
Trades  and  I^abor  Council,  Hamilton,  will  not  proceed  this  fall, 
the  temple  will  cost  $35,000.  The  City  of  Hamilton  wiU  spend 
$20,000  on  a  new  fire  alarm  system;  D.  M.  Wright,  Hamilton,  is 
chairman  of  the  Commission. 

Kingston.  Ont.— The  City  of  Kingston  intends  to  build  a  dock 
at  the  foot  of  Clarence  St.,  to  cost  $10,000. 


CONSTRUCTION 


431 


London,  Out. — S.  H.  Foxworthy,  616  Wateiloo  St.,  lias  com- 
menced work  on  a.  Karage  for  .1.  M.  Moore,  425  Richmond  St.,  to 
cost  $8,000. 

London,  Ont. — New  plans  have  been  prepared  for  garbage 
stables  for  the  City  of  London,  to  cost  $10,000,  the  former  plans 
being  too  costly. 

ijondon,  Ont. — .John  Haynian  &  Sons.  432  Wellington  St.,  Lon- 
don, are  erecting  car  barns  for  the  London  &  Port  Stanley  Rail- 
way, on  Grey  St.,  to  coat  $12,000.  R.  <i.  WiUson  &  Son,  197  Col- 
lege Ave.,  London,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  remod- 
elling the  Salvation  Army  Citadel  on  Clarenoe  .St.,  to  cost  $10,- 
iiOO;  Brigadier-General  Miller,  20  Albert  St..  Toronto,  is  the 
architect. 

Mimico,  Ont. — Worli  has  started  on  the  Masonic  building  for 
the  Connaught  Lodge,  A.F.  &  A.M.,  Superior  Ave;  C.  Coxhead, 
Mimico,  has  been  awarded  the  cement  contract. 

Moncton,  N.  B. — Frasers  Limited  are  considering  the  ereclion 
of  a  new  pulp  mill  on  the  Chatham  Head  site,  near  the  end  of 
the  Morrisy  Bridge. 

MontreaJ,  Que. — The  International  Manufacturing  Company, 
6o  Victoria  St.,  will  erect  a  powerhouse  on  Notre  Dame  St.  East, 
Mercier  Ward,  to  cost  $10,000. 

Montreal,  Que. — The  Nicholson  Construction  Co..  Ltd..  Mont- 
real, have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  erection  of  car  barns 
for  the  Montreal  <fe  Southern  Railway, 

New  Toronto.  Ont. — Reed  Products  Co.,  of  Toronto,  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  an  incinerator  for  New- 
.   Toronto,  to  cost  $10,000. 

Ottawa,  Ont. — Architect  John  A.  Pearson,  J.  O.  Marchand 
(Associate),  Ottawa,  have  received  tenders  for  interior  stone  for 
the  Parliament  Buildings. 

Ottawa,  Ont. — Sutherland  &  Son,  216  Cooper  St.,  have  com- 
menced work  on  a  garage  for  the  Ottawa  Car  Co.,  Slater  St.,  to 
co.st  $60,000;  W.  E.  NofCke,  Plaza  Building,  is  the  architect. 

Ottawa,  Ont. — R.  C.  Desrochers,  Secretary  of  Public  Works, 
will  receive  tenders  up  to  Deceml)er  22nd,  1916,  for  British  Col- 
umbia flr  timber  and  foi*  white  oak  timber,  for  Dredge  No.  125. 

Ottawa.  Ont. — T.  H.  Catheart,  9  Melrose  Ave.,  and  E.  Web- 
ster, 124  Breeze  Hill  Ave.,  both  of  London,  have  been  awarded 
the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  flax  building  for  the  Ontario 
Government. 

Ottawa,  Ont. — Alexander  Carlock,  136  Lewis  St.,  has  com- 
menced work  on  alterations  to  a  garage  for  F.  D.  McParlane. 
250  Slater  St.,  on  Sparks  St.,  to  cost  $7,000;  W.  H.  George,  Castle 
Building,  is  the  architect. 

Ottawa,  Ont. — McKinley  &  Northwood,  Rideau  St.,  have  been 
awarded  the  plumbing  contract  on  a  restaurant  for  Bowles 
Lunch,  Ltd.,  149  Yonge  St.,  Toronto,  to  cost  $40,000;  J.  T.  Blyth, 
Frank  St.,  has  been  awarded  the  heating  contract;  Hand,  Harris 
&  Merritt,  9  King  St.  East,  Toronto,  are  the  architects. 

Point  Abino,  Welland,  Co.,  Ont. — Tenders  close  January  15th, 
1917.  for  the  erection  of  a  reinforced  concrete  lighthouse  for  the 
Dominion  Government:  plans  and  specifications  at  the  Harbor 
Master's  Office,  Toronto,  and  at  the  Post  Offices  in  Welland. 
Hamilton  and  Brantford. 

Port  Stanley.  Ont. — Work  has  started  on  a  refreshment  pa- 
vilion and  bath  house  for  the  London  &  Port  Stanley  Railway,  to 
cost  $25,000;  Watt  &  Blackwell,  Bank  of  Toronto  Building,  Lon- 
don, are  the  architects. 

Toronto,  Ont. — J.  T.  Turner,  110  Dearbourne  Ave.,  has  com- 
menced work  on  a  garage  for  J.  Tulloch,  59  Cambridge  Ave. 
Tenders  have  been  called  by  the  City  Architect  for  wiring  and 
lighting  fixtures  for  the  Don  incinerator. 

Toronto,  Ont.— H.  N.  Dancy  &  Son,  C.  P.  R.  Building,  have 
been  awarded  the  mason  contract  for  the  Masonic  Temple,  for 
the  Masonic  Temple  Corporation  of  Toronto,  Limited;  Curry  & 
Sparling,  105  Bond  St.,  are  the  architects;  the  building  will  cost 

Toronto,  Ont.— The  Dominion  Bridge  Co.,  Ltd.,  20  Victoria  St 
Toronto,  have  been  awarded  the  steel  contract  on  the  Art  Mu- 
.seum  at  Toronto,  to  cost  $60,000:  Purdy  Mansell,  Ltd.,  63  Albert 
St.,  have  been  awarded  the  plumbing  and  heating  contract; 
Architectural  Bronze  &  Iron  Works,  Lansdowne  Ave.,  have  been 
awarded  the  ornamental  iron  contract;  Witchall  &  Son,  156  St. 
Helena  .Ave.,  have  been  awarded  the  mason  contract:  Darling  & 
Pearson,  2  Leader  Lane,  are  the  architects. 

Toronto,  Ont.— H.  N,  Dancy  &  Son,  Ltd.,  have  been  awarded 
the  general  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  boiler  room  and  garage 
for  Stauntons  Limited,  944  Yonge  St.,  Toronto.  Tenders  are  in- 
vited by  S.  G.  Whaley,  2411  Yonge  St.,  for  the  erection  of  a  gar- 
age, to  cost  $6,000.  Architect  Major  Barry  has  prepared  plans 
for  a  shed  at  the  Old  Fort,  to  cost  $10,000.  Architect  F  S.  Mai- 
lory,  6o  Adelaide  St.  East,  has  prepared  plans  for  a  garage  and 
show  rooms  for  T.  A.  Rowan.  59  Victoria  St.,  to  cost  $8,000. 

Trenton,  Ont.— Architect  A.  Dunbar,  402  Kent  Building  To- 
ronto, has  prepared  plans  for  a  studio  for  the  Canadian  National 
features,  Ltd.,  to  cost  $10,000. 

Vancouver,  B.  C— J.  S.  Emerson  and  E.  Dubev,  Vancouver 
liimbermen,  are  considering  the  erection  of  a  sawmill.  The  B 
C.  Sulphite  Fibre  Co.  has  filed  plans  with  the  Government  for  a 

r'J^iTil  ""i^  f^  "i*'L',V'^"*'  '°  ■■'""''  "  ''»'"  'ibout  three-eighths  of 
a  niile  south  of  Mill  Creek,  for  the  i>urpose  of  storing  one  hun- 
dred million  gallons  of  water. 

i^^^i'iVi"'^-  0"t— W"'*  ^^^  started  on  a  sawmill  for  J.  E.  But- 
ler, Vittoria,  Ont.,   to  cost  $7,000. 

thJ^ftm'i'  '^"'■Ti^^'ii'^.^''^  .'"S""  postponed  until  next  spring  on 
llenUon  *  «J'"/*'*'  National  Sanitarium  Association  at  Weston: 
Denison  &  Stephenson,  18  King  St.  West,  are  the  architects. 

wiY,ll'^\^r.\,P"^—^^'>''^  has  commenced  on  a  flat  building  for 
V  inter,  Williamson  &  Little.  16  Pitt  St.,  to  cost  $5,000. 


PLANTS,     FACTORIES    AND    WAREHOUSES. 

Brantford,    Ont.— The    ITnited    Rubber    Co      Ltd      are  making 

alterations  to  their  factory,  to  cost  $10,000^  making 

Brantford,  Ont.— R.  T.  Chlsholm,  Brantford    has  been  awarded 

Que^?&em?,"a^e-a;^e%r^?^o%  ^o'f^^-'.^^tort^^^ 


Cornwall.  Out. — .\.  Adams,  Cornwall,  Ont.,  ha«  been  awarded 
the  general  contract  for  the  erection  of  an  addition  to  the  St. 
Lawrence  Brewery  Co.'s  factory  on  Water  St.,  to  cost  $10,000; 
Walter  J.  Francis  &  Co.,  260  St.  James  St.,  Montreal,  are  the 
architects. 

Blmira,  Ont. — The  Canadian  Consolidated  Rubber  Co.,  Mont- 
real, contemplate  the  erection  of  a  factory. 

Gait,  Ont.— P.  H.  Secord  &  Sons,  133  Nelson  St.,  Brantford, 
Ont.,  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  fac- 
tory for  the  Gait  Brass  Co.,  Ltd.;  J.  Evans,  30  North  Water  St., 
Gait,  is  the  architect. 

Gait,  Ont.— P.  H.  Secord  &  Sons,  133  Nelson  St.,  Brantford, 
have  been  awarded  the  general  contract  for  the  erection  of  an 
addition  to  the  factory  of  Isheldon's  Limited,  Gait,  Ont.,  on  West 
Main  South,   to  cost  $20,000. 

Guelph,  Ont. — The  Robson  Motor  Car  Co.  are  making  a 
number  of  alterations  to  their  warerooms. 

Guelph,  Ont. — W.  E.  Taylor,  82  Eramosa  Road,  has  been 
awarded  the  mason  contract  on  a  factory  for  the  Guelph  Stove 
Co.,  to  cost  $10,000.  Geo.  Ibbotson,  Woolwich,  has  been  awarded 
the  carpenter  contract:  Dennis  &  Bennett,  22  Suffolk  St.,  have 
been  awarded  the  painting  contract;  Irving  &  Son  havie  been 
awarded  the  roofing  contract. 

Guelph,  Ont. — Geo.  C.  Walker,  Guelph,  has  been  awarded  the 
Keneral  contract  for  the  erection  of  an  addition  to  the  factory  of 
the  Munder  Tungsten  Lamp  Co.,  to  cost  $15,000;  Rundel  &  Son 
have  been  awarded  the  mason  contract:  J.  J.  Mahoney  has  been 
o.warded  the  plastering  contract;  Fred  Smith,  has  been  awarded 
the  plumbing  contract;  I'Vank  Schuelt  has  been  awarded  the 
sheet  metal  and  iron  work  contract;  Dennis  and  Bennett  have 
been  awarded  the  painting  contract. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — H.  O.  Christman  &  Co.,  Sun  Life  Building. 
Hamilton,  have  commenced  work  on  a  new  factory  for  the 
Canadian  Cartridge  Co.,  on  Sherman  Ave.  North,  to  cost  $15,000. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — The  American  Car  Company,  Emerald  and 
Shaw  Sts.,  are  preparing  plans  for  an  addition  to  their  factory, 
to  cost  $25,000.  Work  has  commenced  on  an  addition  to  tiie 
factory  of  the  Cummer  Dowswell  Co.,  on  Elgin  St.,  to  cost  $10,- 
000;  Stewart  &  Witton,  7  Hughson  St.  South  are  the  architects. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — The  Canadian  Shovel  Co.,  Hamilton,  Ont.. 
have  started  work  on  a  factory  and  boiler  house  on  Imperial  St., 
to  cost  $6,000;  McPhee  &  Kelly,  Bank  of  Hamilton  Building,  are 
the  architects.  The  Canadian  Engineering  Co.,  Bank  of  Hamilton 
Building,  have  started  work  on  a  temporary  factory  for  the 
Hamilton  Steel  Co.,  on  Palmerston  Ave.,  to  cost  $8,000;  George 
V.  Smith,  26  Carrich  Ave.,  has  been  awarded  the  carpenter  con- 
tract; Thos.  Irwin  &  Son,  MacNab  St.  North,  have  been  awarded 
the  roofing  contract;  Prack  &  Perrine,  Lumsden  Building,  To- 
ronto, are  the  architects. 

Hamilton,  Ont. — Architects  Stewart  &  Litton,  7  Hughson  St. 
South,  have  prepared  plans  for  an  addition  to  the  factorv  of  the 
Tallman  Brass  &  Metal  Co.,  Ltd.,  Wilson  St.,  to  cost  $50,000. 
Geo.  E.  Frid  Co.,  Bank  of  Hamilton  Building,  have  commenced 
work  on  an  addition  to  the  factory  of  the  Standard  Underground 
Cable  Co.,  to  cost  $35,000;  Prack  &  Perrine,  Lumsden  Building. 
Toronto,  are  the  architects.  The  Watkins  Medical  Co.,  Winona, 
Minn.,  U.S.A.,  will  erect  a  warehouse  and  factory  at  Hamilton, 
to  cost  $100,000.  The  W.  T.  Rawlelgh  Co.,  Preeport,  111.,  U.S.A., 
have  prepared  plans  for  a  factory  on  Barton  St.  East,  to  cost 
$100,000. 

Hamilton,  Ont— Mitchell  &  Riddell,  115  Florence  St.,  have 
been  awarded  the  mason  contract  for  an  addition  to  the  factory 
of  the  Cummer  Dowswell  Co.,  Elgin  St.,  to  cost  $10,000;  R.  T. 
Paog  &  Co.,  Westinghouse  Ave.,  have  been  awarded  the  carpenter 
contract;  Hill  Brothers,  317  Emerald  North,  have  been  awarded 
the  plastering  contract;  Stewart  &  Litton,  7  Hughson  South,  are 
the  architects.  Thos.  E.  Irwin  &  Co.,  McNab  St.  North,  have 
been  awarded  the  roofing  contract  for  an  addition  to  the  factory 
of  the  Canadian  Cartridge  Co.,  on  Sherwin  Ave.  North,  to  cost 
$15,000;  H.  G.  Christman  &  Co.,  Sun  Life  Building,  are  the  gen- 
eral contractors.  Turner,  Day  &  Woolworth,  Louisville,  Ken- 
tucky, will  erect  a  factory  on  Depew  St. 

Indian  River,  Ont. — The  Farmers'  Dairy  Co.,  Toronto,  are 
erecting  a  dairy  building  at  Indian  River,  to  cost  $10,000;  H. 
Shurter  has  been  awarded  the  mason  contract;  Wm.  Saxby, 
Peterboro,   has  been   awarded  the  plastering  contract. 

Kitchener,  Ont. — Plans  have  been  prepared  for  an  addition  to 
the  factory  of  the  W.  E.  Wolfe  Shoe  Co.,  Ltd.,  127  Wihnot  St..  to 
cost  $15,000. 

Kitchener,  Ont.— C.  Braun.  295  King  St.  West,  has  com- 
menced work  on  a  factory  for  the  Consolidated  Felt  Co.,  on 
Margaret  Ave.,  to  cost  $30,000;  C.  Cowan.  200  Victoria  St.,  is 
the  architect. 

London,  Ont.— The  Ford  Motor  Co..  London,  Ont.,  contemplate 
the  erection  of  a  factory,  to  cost  $50,000. 

London,  Ont.— R.  G.  Wilson,  193  College  St..  has  been  awarded 
the  general  contract  for  the  erection  of  an  addition  to  the  factory 
of  F.  Lawrason,  643  Nelson  St,  to  cost  $5,000;  W.  G.  Murray. 
l>ominion  Savings  Building,   is  the  architect. 

London,  Ont. — Jas.  Moran  &  Sons,  London,  have  commenced 
work    on   an   addition   to    the    factorv   of   the   McClary   Mfg    Co 
Wellington  and  King  Sts.,  to  cost  $40,000;  The  Canadian  Bridge 
Co.,   Walkerville,    Ont,   have   been   awarded   the   steel  contract: 
J.  M.  Moore,  415  Richmond  St.,  is  the  architect 

Mimico,  Ont— Toms  Contracting  Co.,  Kent  Building,  have 
commenced  work  on  a  factory  for  the  Dominion  Abrasive  Wheel 
Co..   at  Mimico,    to  cost   $60,000. 

Montreal,    Quebec— The    International    Fuse    and    Arms    Co 
U.S.A..  will  erect  a  large  munition  plant  in  Mercier  Ward. 

Montreal,  Que.— H.  Morgan  &  Co.,  Beaver  Hall  Hill,  will  erect 
a  warehouse  on  Park  Ave.,  St.  Lawrence  Ward,  to  cost  $35,000. 

Montreal.  Que.— The  International  Manufacturing  Co.  65  Vic- 
toria St,  will  erect  a  factory  on  Notre  Dame  East,  Mercier  Ward 
to  cost  $280,000. 

Niagara  Falls.  Ont— Work  has  started  on  an  ice  plant  for  the 
Sure  Ice  and  Cold  Storage  Co.,  at  Niagara  Falls,  to  cost  $20,000. 

Niagara  Falls.  Ont.— The  Canadian  Aloxite  Co.,  Niagara  Falls 
will  erect  an  addition  to  their  factory,  to  cost  $35,000-  L  J  Call 
and  Son,  Niagara  Falls,  are  the  engineers.  Work  has  started  on 
a  pickle  factory  for  the  Niagara  Palls  Pickles  Ltd..  Clark  St  to 
cost  $6,000;  George  Murray,  Niagara  Falls  South,  has  been  award- 
ed  the   mason   contract. 

New  Toronto,  Ont.— The  Dominion  Bridge  Co..   Imperial  Life 


432 


CONSTRUCTION 


liullcltiiK,  Imvie  liei'ii  iiwaitled  tlu-  steel  contriift  on  u  factory  to 
lie  ererted  for  the  Dominion  Abraaivo  Wheel  Co..  New  Toronto, 
to  coat  165,000;  A.  U.  OrmBl>y  L.til.,  4S  Al)ell  St..  have  Ijeen 
awarded  the  »teel  saith  contract;  the  Tomn  ConBtructlon  Co.. 
Ltd.,  Kent  DuildlnK.  Toronto,  arc  the  general  contractors.  I..  K. 
IXiwllnff,  167  YonKe  St..  haa  been  awarded  the  K^neral  contract 
for  the  erection  of  an  addition  to  the  factory  of  the  National 
Klectric  &  HeatlnK  Co.,  544  Queen  St.  West,  to  cost  16,000. 

Ottawa.  Dnt. — Tagon  &  Ijickey,  23  Kirat  Ave.,  have  coni- 
menoe<l  work  on  a  atorehouae  and  parage  for  the  Hell  Telephone 
Co.,  Montreal,  on  Catherine- St.,  to  cost  $35,000;  W.  J.  Carmichael, 
uivhltect. 

Renfrew,  Out. — Wm.  A.  Moore,  Renfrew,  Out.,  haa  commenced 
work  on  an  addition  to  the  factory  of  the  Renfrew  Textile  Co., 
Renfrew,  to  cost  $10,000;  John  McNicol,  Renfrew,  la  the  archi- 
tect. 

Stratford.  Ont.— The  Mooncy  UlHcuit  Co..  Ltd.,  will  make  an 
alteration  to  their  factory,  to  cost  »)0.ooo.  The  City  of  Stratford 
mav  take  over  this  proiierty  and  alter  it  for  a  convalewent  hos- 
pital. If  HO  plana  will  be  prepared  by  Capt.  W.  I,.  Symona,  Archi- 
tect for  the  Military  Hospital  Commission,  22  Victoria  St., 
Ottawa. 

Siidburv,  Ont.— Ka  Berge  Lumber  Co..  Sudbury,  have  been 
awarded  the  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  creamery  and  cheese 
factory  for  the  Sudbury  (.'o-operative  Creamery  l-'o..  Ltd.,  to 
coat   $10,000. 

Thorold.  Ont.  -The  Standard  Bteel  Construction  Co.,  Port 
Robinson,  have  commenced  work  on  a  factory  for  the  Kxolon 
Co.,  to  cost  $60,000. 

TlllsonburK,  Ont.— The  Maple  Leaf  Tool  Co.,  TlUsonburg,  arc 
erecting  an  addition  to  their  factory,  to  cost  $10,000. 

Toronto.  Ont. — The  Hydro  Electric  Commission  of  Ontario 
will  commence  work  on  a  canal  between  Chippewa  Creek  and 
Queenston.  to  cost  $«.000,000. 

Toronto,  Ont.— P.  W.  Kills  &  Co.,  Ltd..  31  Wellington  St. 
Kaat,  have  commenced  work  on  an  addition  to  their  factory  on 
Presi-ott  Ave.,  to  cost  $10,000. 

Toronto,  Ont. — The  Construction  Supply  Co.,  Ltd..  Bell 
Telephone  Building.  Toronto,  have  been  awarded  the  contracl 
for  mastic  tloors  In  the  factory  for  the  Goodyear  Tire  &  Rubber 
Co..  at  Weston,  to  cost  $7!>0,U00;  the  Dominion  Construction  Co., 
14  Wellington  St.  Kast,  are  the  general  contractors.  Work  will 
not  start  this  fall  on  the  factory  for  the  Matthews  Brothers. 
Dundas  and  Sterling  Road,  to  cost  $30,000;  Kills  &  Kills,  Man- 
ning Chambers.  Toronto  are  the  architects.  Architect  J.  A. 
MacKenzle.  Lumsden  Building,  has  prepared  plans  for  an  addi- 
tion to  the  factory  of  the  Kilgour  Davenport  Co..  44  Osier  Ave., 
to  cost  $10,000. 

Toronto,  Ont.— J.  V.  Gray  Construction  Co.,  Confederation  Life 
Building  have  been  awarded  the  general  contract  for  the  erection 
of  a  storage  building  for  the  Canadian  Fairbanks  Morse  Co.:  T. 
Pringle  &  Son  Ltd.,  Kxcelsior  Life  Building,  are  the  architects. 
The  Dominion  Machinery-  Co.,  110  Church  St.,  have  prepared 
plans  tor  a  factory  on  Darling  Ave.,  to  cost  $6,000.  Page  &  Co.. 
Queen's  Park,  have  been  awarded  the  mason  contract  on  an  ad- 
dition to  the  factory  of  W.  H.  Banfield  &  Son,  Ltd.,  372  Pape  Ave., 
to  cost  $15,000;  Dominion  Bridge  Co.,  Ltd.,  Imperial  Life  Building, 
have  been  awarded  the  steel  contract;  J.  C.  Scott  has  befen 
awarded  the  carpenter  contract;  H.  Williams  &  Co.,  23  Toronto 
St  ,  have  been  awarded  the  roofing  contract;  G.  M.  Bryan.  524 
Yonge  St..  has  been  awarded  the  skylight  contract;  Sproatt  & 
Rolph,  36  North  St.,  are  the  architects.  L.  E.  Dowling,  167  Yonge 
St.  has  commenced  work  on  a  storehouse  for  the  Dunlop  Tire 
and  Rubber  Co..  244  Booth  Ave.,  to  cost  $6,000.  Brown  &  Cooper 
Ltd..  297  Carlton  St..  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the 
erection  of  an  addition  to  the  Toronto  Laundry  Machine  Go's, 
fiictory,  to  cost  $7,000. 

Toronto,  Ont. — C.  L.  Y'oUes,  67  Baldwin  St.,  architect  and  con- 
tractor, has  commenced  work  on  a  factory  for  F.  Daviille,  191 
George  St.,  to  cost  $13,000.  J.  Kverard  Myers,  4  Gould  St..  has 
been  awarded  the  electrical  contract  for  the  factory  of  P.  W. 
ISllls  Co..  Ltd..  31  Wellington  St.  East,  on  Prescott  Ave.,  to  cost 
$10,000;  F.  F.  Saunders,  23  Jordan  St.,  Is  the  architect.  Archi- 
tects MacVMcar  &  Herlot.  104  Union  Ave.,  Montreal,  are  revising 
the  plans  of  the  warehouse  on  Front  St.,  Toronto,  for  Cassidy's 
Ltd..  51  St.  Paul  St.  West,  Montreal,  to  cost  $90,000.  J.  Kverard 
Myers.  4  Gould  St.,  Toronto,  has  been  awarded  the  electrical 
contract  for  the  factory  of  the  Northrup-Lyman  Co.,  on  Welling- 
ton St.  West,  to  cost  $50,000.  Robt.  Jordan,  37  Hazelton  Ave.,  has 
been  awarded  the  plumbing  contract  on  a  bread  factory  for  the 
Ideal  Bread  Co..  IS  Dovercourt  Road,  Toronto;  R.  G.  Kirby,  537 
Yonge  St..  is  the  general  contractor.  Work  will  not  start  on  the 
bakerv  for  Jas.  Dempster,  244  Dundas  St..  until  next  sprinP"  it 
will  cost  $7,000.  H.  N.  Dancy  &  Son  Ltd.,  C.P.R.  Building,  To- 
ronto, have  been  awarded  the  mason  contract  on  a  factory  for 
Harry  Webb  Co..  23  Buchannan  St.,  to  cost  $40,000;  Raymond 
Construction  Co..  43  Victoria  St..  have  been  awarded  the  concrete 
contract;  J.  F.  Brown,  Board  of  Trade  Building  is  the  architect. 
John  Aldreldge  &  Co..  128  Westniount  Ave.,  have  been  awarded 
the  mason  conti-act  on  an  addition  to  the  factoi-y  of  the  Kilgour 
Davenport  Co..  on  Osier  .\ve.,  to  cost  $10,000;  E.  A.  Cale.  312 
Wellesley  St..  has  been  awarded  the  carpenter  contract;  Robert 
Rennie  &  Son.  198  Dupont  St..  have  been  awarded  the  roofing 
contract;  John  Ritchie  Ltd..  56  Adelaide  St.  East,  have  been 
awarded  the  nlumbing  and  heating  contract:  J.  A.  MacKenzle. 
Lumsden  Puiiding.  is  the  architect.  J.  H.  Tromanhauser  Co., 
Ltd..  Temple  Building,  hav;^  been  awarded  the  general  contract 
for  the  erection  of  a  warehouse  and  elevator  for  the  Western 
Canada  Flour  Mills.  74  King  St.  East.  Toronto,  to  cost  $25,000. 

Trenton.  Ont. — The  British  Chemical  Co.,  Ltd..  will  erect  a 
chemical  plant,  to  cost  $500,000. 

Victoria.  P>.  C. — Wm.  W.  Northcott.  Superintendent  of  Public 
Works,  has  received  tenders  for  the  erection  of  a  storeroom  at 
the  Garbally  Yards,   for  the  City  of  Victoria. 

Windsor.  Ont. — The  Sterns  Tire  &  Tube  Co.,  of  Canada  Ltd., 
^\■indsor,  contemplates  the  erection  of  a  factory  on  Howard  Ave., 
to   cost    $100,000 

Winnipeg.  Man. — The  Franklin  Co.  will  erect  an  addition  to 
their  plant  at  Winnipeg,   to  cost  $500,000. 


RESIDENCES,   STORES   AND    FLATS. 

Hamilton,   Ont. — I'lans  have  been   prepared  for  an  apartment 
bouse  on  Maple  .\vp..  for  B.  B.  Cope.  34  Albert  St..  to  cost  $15,000. 


Hamilton,  Ont.-Architecl  \V.  H.  Hunkln.  Liater  Block,  Ham- 

iJ!;,    ",*   '"■«••"!«''   "I""«   f'"-  a"   apartment  house   for   Harvey 
Levitt.    lieamsvllie,    to    cost    $10,000.  »»<ii  vt-j 

Hamilton.  Ont— Architect  W.  A.  Edwards,  Hughson  .South 
haa  prepared  plans  for  a  residence  for  Mlsa  McCandllsh  163 
VVelllngton  St.  South,  to  cost  $6,000.  Plans  have  been  prepared 
$"dooo   *""'■'""'"'   •'""''«   '<"•  M-    8«nzone.   99   Park   St.,    to  cost 

Hamilton.  Ont.— IsWster  Brothers,  Jackson  and  Hughson  Sts 
hiive  iM-en  awarded  the  mason  contract  on  a  residence  for  Mias 
M.-Candllsh.   163  Wellington   St.    .South,   to  coat  $6,OoS     J     Emna 
«••   V^'il'r  *l'i  We»'vha8  been  awarded  the  can)miter  .^ntract 
W  .   A.   Edwards,  Hughaon  St..   is  the  architect.  i^ntract. 

Hamilton.   Ont.— J.    Buscombe,   Dundurn  St.   North    has  been 
awarded  the  mason  contract  In  connection  with  alterations  to  an 
apartment  house   on    Main   and    Hughson   Sts..    for   K    D    CahHl 
^^"   I-'fe   Bul'dliB.    to  cost   $5,000.     Tenders   will  be  received   Iv 
he  architect,  B.  F.  Richardson.   1   Market  St.,  for  the  balance  o^ 
the    trades       T.    A.    Wooley,    64%    King   St.    East,    hL    prepared 
plans    for    his    residence    on    Proctor    Boulevard    'to    cost    $6  MO 
work  will  .start  al>out  Christmas.     M.   Chirig,  76  Flatt  Ave       as 
wfj.'br'i!.',';",^!''"  i'!"1V"  <"^"tract  on   two  residences  for  T.    A 
.■„T    -^  "^4  '^'"*  **'    '•'"'"•  t"  <^08t  $12,000:  H.  Bavlis.  372  Beach 
Load,    has   been    awarded    the    plastering  contract-    .1     Paul   ha« 
VT^3fi:H-«  '",1  P"i"tinK  and  glazing  contracts    J    A.  Dyne^ 
161    Sanford   South,   has   been   awarded   the  electric  wiring  con- 
tract; C.  Smith,  171  L<K;k  St.  South,  has  been  awarded  the  nlu^h 
mg  and  heating  contracts:    R.   Splcer.   279   Bav-  St    South    iVthe 
general  contractor.     Hill  Brothers,  307   h^merald  St..  wi  1  erict  a 
Whl.e"7.n''K  ^'■i'"'"':   boulevard     to   cost   $5,000;    Lew  ngton    I 
meAf'..n,?  Rosslyn   Ave.,   have  been  awarded  the  mason    sheet 
wtil    ^"^    l'***'    '^'"•t'-'«:ts-    T.    Hobbs    &    .Son.    313    Emerald    St 
West,  have  been  awarded  the  carpenter  and  roofing  contracts 

Humberstone,  Ont.— Work  has  not  yet  commenced  on  a  resld- 
ence  for  S.  J.  Quinn.  ButTaio.  N.Y.,  at  Humberstone  Ont  to 
cost  $6,000;  C.  M.  Borter,  Main  St.,  Ni'agara  Fai^s^s  the 'architect 

Indian  River  Ont.—Work  has  started  on  a  dairy  and  resi- 
dence for  the  Farmers'  Dairy  Co.,  Toronto;  Elphgrave  &  Bar- 
S^  iu  .  "A°i""  ■^'■'  ^'^.'^^  "'«*'"  awarded  the  general  contract; 
tiact  '■   ^*''^'''"''''"^h-   ''a*  •'een  awarded  the  concrete  con- 

■r..^,^t^tX"\^'  0"t-— -^''-^-hitects  Wickaon  &  Gregg.  Kent  Building, 
loronto.  have  prepared  plans  for  a  residence  Jor  J.  W  Flavelle 
.!r..  Queen's  Park.   Toronto,   to  cost  $30,000. 

Oakville,  Ont.— Architects  Munro  &  Meade,  34  Hughson  St 
South,  have  prepared  plans  for  a  residence  and  garage  for  W  F 
Eaton,   Ravenscllffe  Ave.,   Hamilton,   to  cost  $40,000. 

Ottawa.  Ont.— T.  J.  Somervllle,  28  Waverley  Road,  has  com- 
menced work  on  a  residence  and  store  on  Clemow  Ave.,  to  cost 

Ottawa  Ont.— Mr.  Wilson,  corner  Lisgar  and  Kent  Sts.,  has 
commenced  work  on  a  store  and  apartment  house  for  Leon 
Petegorsky  351  Chapel  St.,  to  cost  $16,000;  Robert  Holmes  80 
Arlington  Ave..  Is  the  architect. 

^'i'''!*'^'.,""'-""*^-""'''*^''*"""  *  Clark,  710  Echo  St.,  have  been 
awarded  the  general  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  residence  for 
I>  Cuthbertson,  710  Echo  St.  Geo.  A.  Karman  &  Co.  1171  O'Con- 
nor St..  have  commenced  work  on  a  residence  for  E.  Stanfield 
S2  Belwood  Ave.,  to  cost  $5,000.  Work  has  started  on  an  apart-^ 
ment  house  on  Seneca  St.,  for  Frank  Wilson.  9  Roslvn  \ve  to 
cost  $5,100. 

Port  Colborne,  Ont.— Architect  C.  M.  Borter.  Niagara  Falls 
South,  has  received  tenders  for  the  erection  of  a  store  and  resid- 
ence for  David  Dick.  Welland.  Ont.,  to  cost  $6,000. 

I'ort  Stanley.  Ont.— Hon.  C.  S.  Hyman.  Grand  Ave.,  London, 
will  erect  a  residence  at  Port  Stanley,  to  cost  $30,000. 

Toronto,  Ont. — Work  has  commenced  on  a  residence  on  Hy- 
land  .\ve.,   for  H.   Ireland.   IS  Weybourne  Ave.,  to  cost  $6,000. 

Toronto,  Ont.— James  Elliott.  98  Concord  Ave.,  has  been 
awarded  the  plumbing  contract  on  an  apartment  house  being 
erected  by  J.  T.  &  H.  Hutson,  43  Victoria  St.,  to  cost  $35,000. 

Toronto,  Ont.— J.  T.  &  H.  Hutson.  43  Victoria  St.,  have  com- 
menced work  on  an  apartment  house,  to  cost  $35,000.  Plans  have 
been  prepared  for  a  duplex  residence  for  W.  V.  Dixon,  249  Yong.- 
St..   to  cost   $6,000. 

Toronto.  Ont.— I.  R.  Hunter,  50  Chicora  Ave.,  has  prepared 
idans  for  his  residence  on  Stibbard  Ave.,  to  cost  $6,000.  Work 
has  commenced  on  an  apartment  house  on  St.  Marv's  St  for 
Johnston  &  Sutherland,  Room  25,  16  King  St.  West,  to'"cost 
$15,000.  Plans  have  been  prepared  for  a  residence  for' J  H  C 
Durham.  Craigmore  Farm,  Bond  Lake.  Ont.,  to  cost  $6,000. 

Toronto,  Ont.— John  McGonegal,  2S  Jackman  Ave.,  has  pre- 
pared plans  for  a  residence  on  Jackman  Ave.,  to  cost  $6  000. 
Davidge  &  Lunn.  Sykes  Ave..  Weston,  have  been  awarded  the 
mason  contract  on  a  residence  for  H.  B.  Johnston,  on  Elm  We 
to  cost  $22,000;  Charles  Cooper,  382  Dupont  St..  has  been  award-^ 
ed  the  carpenter  contract;  E.  J.  Curry.  57  Queen  St..  has  been 
awarded  the  plastering  contract;  Wm.  Paris.  82  .\melia  St..  has 
been  awarded  the  painting  contract;  R.  S.  Grav,  85  York  St  ,  has 
been  awarded  the  wiring  contractr  Sheppard  &  Abbot,  78  Har- 
bord  St.,  have  been  awarded  the  plumbing  contract;  Jos  Harri- 
son, 8  St.  MaiT  St.,  has  been  awarded  the  heating  contract. 

Toronto.  Ont. — R.  H.  Forsythe  Confederation  Life  Building 
has  been  awarded  the  wiring  contract  on  a  residence  for  A.  A. 
Thompson,  88  Warren  Road,  to  cost  $12,000;  tenders  for  plaster- 
ing and  heating  closed  December  6th;  Edwards  &  Edwards,  18 
Toronto  St.,  are  the  architects.  Douglas  Brothers.  124  Adelaide 
St.  West,  have  been  awarded  the  roofing  contract  on  a  residence 
for  E.  L.  MacLean,  98  Walmer  Road,  to  cost  $15,000;  the  Italian 
.Mosaic  &  Tile  Co..  Ltd.,  Manning  Chambers,  have  been  awarded 
the  marble  and  tile  contract;  Burke.  Horwood  &  White,  229 
Yonge  Street,  are  the  architects.  Draftsmen  at  the  office  of 
Howard  J.  White,  408  Ryrie  Building,  local  representative  of 
architects  Graham,  Bumham  &  Co..  Chicago,  HI,  are  preparing 
plans  for  a  departmental  store  at  the  south  west  corner  of 
Yonge    and    College    Sts.,    for   the   T.    Eaton   Co.,    Ltd.,    to   cost 

$r>, 000.000. 

Windsor,  Ont — ^Work  has  commenced  on  two  stores  and  apart- 
ments for  O.  Orechkln,  98  Wyandotte  East. 

AVindsor,  Ont. — Wm.  Hedrick.  6  Glengawyne  Ave.,  Windsor, 
has  beeii  awarded  the  general  contract  on  an  apartment  house 
for  Wm.  Byrne.   19  Elm   .\ve..  to  cost  $7,500. 


CONSTRUCTION 


433 


Co-operative  Engineering  Service 


A  series  of  bulletins  has  been  issued  by  the  Con'ugat^  Bar 
Co  Buffalo,  describing  in  detail,  with  photographs  and  blu<> 
prints  the  construction  of  several  reinforced  concrete  buildings. 
Three'  of  the  bulletins  relate  to  factory  construction,  and  one 
each  is  devoted  to  hospital,  hotel,  office  and  Y.M.C.A.  buildings 
of  reinforced  concrete. 

In  addition,  each  bulletin  gives  prominence  to  the  recently 
established  engineering  service  department  of  this  firm,  which 
has  a  number  of  novel  and  interesting  features.  They  have 
been  in  the  reinforced  concrete  business  since  1891,  and  their 
engineers  are  well  known  as  being  among  the  leaders  in  this 
field  of  construction.  The  company,  however,  has  never  operated 
strictly  as  an  engineering  firm,  but  has  always  marketed  patented 
types  "of  i-einforcing  material,  such  as  expanded  metal  in  the 
early  days,  and,  in  more  recent  years,  corrugated  bars. 

They"  not  only  sold,  but  manufactured  the  expanded  metal, 
but  gave  this  up"  in  1900  on  account  of  the  growth  of  the  sale  of 
corrugated  bars.  The  latter  material  is  a  rolling  mill  product, 
and  has  never  been  manufactured  by  the  company  itself.  They 
are  therefore  not  a  manufacturing  concern,  and  their  business  is 
more  of  a  jobbing  nature,  and  this  fact  is  one  of  the  features 
which  enables  them  to  offer  their  engineering  service  to  archi- 
tects in  the  designiug  and  detailing  of  reinforced  concrete  build- 
ings, on  the  basis  of  a  professional  fee  therefor.  Although  they 
sell  a  reinforcing  material,  they  have  no  plant  or  machinery  to 
keep  in  opei-ation,  and  are  able  in  consequence  to  offer  the  ser- 
vice entirely  divorced  from  the  sale  of  their  reinforcing  mater- 
ial' even  going  so  far  as  to  agree  to  refrain  from  bidding  on  the 
reinforcement  if  the  client  has  any  feeling  that  their  interest  in 
a  possible  sale  of  the  material— even  though  in  competition- 
might  influence  their  design. 

The  service  is  now  being  offered  in  Canada  to  Canadian  archi- 
tects and  engineers,  and  consists  in  the  making  of  designs,  and 
complete,  detailed  drawings  for  the  reinforced  concrete  work  for 
such  construction,  which  is  coming  to  be  the  standard  for  in- 
dustrial   buildings.      It    comprises: 

1.  Preliminary  and  comparative  sketches,  estimates  and 
cost  data  as  a  basis  for  negotiations  between  the  architect 
and  client. 

2.  An  analysis  of  the  needs  of  the  building,  and  the  se- 
lection of  the  best  type  of  reinforced  concrete  construction 
therefor. 

3.  The  making  of  the  designs,  and  complete,  detailed 
drawings,  with  setting  plans  for  the  use  of  the  contractor 
in  erection. 

4.  Guarantee  of  the  sufficiency  of  the  plans  to  perform 
the  work   intended. 

5.  Free  use  of  any  patented  types  of  systems  or  de- 
signs owned  or  controlled  by  the   company. 

8.  Guaranteed  patent  protection. 

7.  Guarantee  against  alternate  plans.  If  a  bid  on  a 
properly  designed  alternate  is  submitted  at  the  letting,  the 
cost  of  which  is  less,  the  difference  will  be  paid  by  the 
company,  or  no  charge  will  be  made  for  the  plans  sub- 
mitted. 

8.  The  charge  for  the  service  is  a  small  percentage  of 
the  cost  of  the  reinforced  concrete  portion  of  the  work. 
This  is  not  paid  by  the  architect,  but  is  added  to  the  cost 
of  the  building  upon  which  he  obtains  his  professional 
fee. 

The  result  of  the  use  of  this  seivice  is  the  obtaining  by  the 
owner  of  a  buildinjg  exactly  suited  to  his  needs  under  competi- 
tive conditions  on  exactly  known  quantities,  and  hence  at  the 
lowest  possible  price. 

The  customary  method  of  letting  such  contracts  is  for  the 
architect  to  prepare  the  general  outlines  of  the  l)uilding,  and 
call  for  bids  on  comi>eting  systems  of  fireproofing  or  reinforced 
concrete  construction.  When  this  is  done,  the  system  people 
have  but  a  few  da.vs  in  which  to  make  up  their  bids,  and  have 
to  estimate  the  quantities  hastily  from  typical  plans  and  sec- 
tions, and  are  obliged  to  add  from  five  to  ten  per  cent  to  theii- 
quantities  for  fear  these  typical  .sections  will  not  accui-ately  re- 
present the  average  conditons  of  the  building  as  a  whole.  In 
this  method,  the  type  of  construction  adopted  by  each  bidder  is 
the  one,  in  their  opinion,  most  likely  to  land  the  Job,  and  not 
the  one  designed  to  best  meet  the  needs  of  the  building.  The 
result,  therefore,  is  likely  to  be  a  building  of  improper  design  at 
high  cost. 

There  are  a  great  man.v  patents  in  the  field  of  reinforced  con- 
crete construction,  many  of  which  have  been  adjudicated  in  the 
ci.urts  of  last  I'esort  in  the  States.  Man.v  of  these  patents  exist 
in  Canada.  This  is  a  condition  not  fuU.v  appreciated  by  the  gen- 
eral pubiit-.  The  Corrugated  Bar  Comi)any  maintains  that,  hav- 
ir.g  been  in  the  business  from  the  start,  it  has  not  only  its  own 
patents,  enabling  it  to  operate  without  the  necessity  of  paying 
tribute  in  the  various  fields  of  reinforced  concrete  construction, 
but  also  a  knowledge  of  other  patents  affecting  the  field,  and 
how  these  may  be  avoided  without  sacrifice  of  efficiency.  The 
owner  has  free  use  of  these  facilities. 

There  are  very  few  architectural  firms  that  can  afford  to 
maintain  an  expert  force  in  all  the  different  fields  of  engineer- 
ing. To  admit  this  is  no  reflection  upon  the  profession.  Many 
ot  the  building  arts  are  nowadays  developing  so  rapidly,  and  are 
so  intricate  in  their  nature,  that  it  would  be  quite  impossible 
for  the  aix^hitects  to  maintain  such  organizations  and  keep  them 
up  to  date.  This  condition  exists  in  the  field  of  reinforced  con- 
crete construction. 

The  proposition  is  somewhat  peculiar,  coming  from  a  "ma- 
terial" company.  It  seems,  however,  that  the  Corrugated  Bar 
(Jompany  meets  this  situation  squarely  and  fairl.v  by  saying  that 
there  is  no  obligation  whatever  to  use  their  material,  and  that 
they  will  even  refrain  from  bidding  up(jn  it.  if  the  architect  or 
the  owner  feels  that  their  po-ssible  chance  of  securing  the  order 
for  the  material,  even  though  in  competition,  might  influence 
them  in  their  design  of  the  structure. 

The  charge  for  the  service  is  not  named,  but  in  view  of  the 
amount  of  protection  offered  by  the  service,  the  general  reputa- 
tion and  reliability  of  the  company,  and  the  wide  experience  Its 
engineers  have  had  in  this  field,  it  should  prove  of  benefit  to  the 
architectural  profession  of  Canada  in  general.  By  addressing 
the  Corrugated  Bar  Company.  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  bulletins  and  in- 
teresting data   may  be  had. 


CONTRACTORSand  SUB-CONTRACTORS 

At  Supplied  by  The  Architects  of  Buildings 
Femtnrcd  in  This  Issue 

Building,  Church  of  St  Francis  of  AmIsI,  Toronto,   Ont. 

Architects,  .\rthur  W.  Holmes. 

Boilers,   Spencer,  Toronto. 

Concrete  Work,  R.  Sheehy  &  Sons,  Peterboro. 

Fliectric  Fixtures,  F.  C.  Henderson,  Toronto. 

Electric  Wiring  and  Apparatu.s,  Bennett  &  Wright,  Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Expanded  Metal,  Pedlar  People,  Ltd.,  Oshawa. 

Furniture,  Globe  Furniture  Co.,  Ltd.,   Waterloo. 

Glass,  Luxfer  Prism  Co.,  Toronto. 

Hardware,  Peterboro  Lock  Co.,  Ltd.,  PeterVxiro,  Ont. 

Heat  Regulating  System,  Canadian  Power  Regulator  Co.,  To- 
ronto. 

Marble  and  Tile,  Italian  Mosaic  and  Marble  Co.,  Toronto. 

Pipe  Organ.  Casavant  Freres,  St.  Hyacinthe. 

Plaster  Work,  J.   P.   Hynes,  Ltd..  Toronto. 

Radiators,  Steel  and  Radiation.  Ltd..  Toronto. 

Stone,   Nicholson,  Curtis  &  Vick,   Toronto. 

Structural  Iron  and  Steel,  Dickson  Bridge  Co..  Ltd.,  Peter- 
boro. 

Contractors  (general).  Richard  Siieehy  *  Sons.  Peterboro. 

Building,   Northern   Congregational   Church,   Toronto,  Ont. 

Architect,  John  Gemmel. 

Brick,  Don  Valley  Brick  Co.,  Ltd..  Toronto. 

Carpets  and  Rugs,  T.  Eaton  Co..  Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Electric  Fixtures,   F.   C.   Henderson,   Toronto. 

Electric  Wiring  Apparatus,  Windeler  Bros.,  Toronto. 

Flooring.   R.   Sherwin.   Toronto. 

Furniture,  Valley  City  Seating  Co.,  Ltd.,  Dundas. 

Glass,   N.  T.  Lyon  Glass  Co.,  Ltd..  Toronto. 

Marble,  Canada  Glass  Mantle  Tile  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Plumbing  Fixtures,   ,Ias.    Robertson,   Ltd.,    Toionto. 

Plaster  Work,  E.  Gale,  Toronto. 

Stone.  F.  Rogers  &  Co.  Ltd.,  Toronto. 

\'entilating   System,   Canadian   Siiocco. 

Pipe  Organ,  Casavant  Freres. 

Memorial  Windows,  N.  T.  Lyon  Glass  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Steel  Lockers.  Dennis  Wire  &  Iron  Co..  Ltd.,  London. 

Building,  St.  Andrew's  Church,   Moose  Jaw. 

.\rchitect.  J.  H.  G.  Rus.sell. 

General  Contractors.  Jas.   Ludlow,  A\'innii)eg. 

Seating,  Globe  Furniture.   Waterloo. 

lOlectric  Wiring  and  Apparatus,  Acme  Electric  Co.,  Moose  Jaw. 

Plumbing  a'lid  Heating,  Charette  Kirk,  W'innlpeg. 

Masonry,   Malcolm   Bros.   Winnipeg. 

Leaded    Glass    and    Memorial   Windows,    X.    T.    Lyon    Glass    Co., 

Ltd..  Toronto. 
Stone.  Wallace  Sandstone  Quarries.   Ltd. 
Pipe  Organ.  Casavant  Freres,  St.  Hyacinthe. 

Building,  St.  Giles  Church,   Hamilton,  Ont. 

Architect,  Stewart  &  Witton,  Hamilton. 

Electric  Fixtures,   Culiey  &  Breay. 

Flooring,  Stuart  Bro.s. 

Furniture.  Valley  City  Seating  Co.,  Ltd.,  Dundas. 

Hardware.   Kent-Garvin  &  Co.,  Hamilton. 

ilarble,  Kent-Garvin  &  C<j..  Hamilton. 

Plaster  Work,  Hannaford  Bros..  Hamilton. 

Seating,  Valle.v  Cit.v  Seating  ('o.,   Ltd..  Dundas. 

Structural  Iron  ami  Steel.   Hamilton  Bridge  Works  Co. 

Contractors  (general).  Richard  Tope  &  Son. 

Building,   First  Church  of  Christ  Scientist,  Toronto,  Ont, 

Architect,   S.   S.  Beman. 

Boilers.   Purdy  Manseli,   I..td.,   Toronto. 

Carpets  and  Rugs.  Murray-Kay.   Ltd.;  T.  Eaton  Co.,  Ltd. 

Electric  Fixtures.  MacDonald  &  Willson  Co.   Ltd.,  Toronto. 

lOlectric  Wiring  and  .\ppai-atus.   Bell  Bros,  Toronto. 

Flooring,  Harris  Hayes  Lumber  Co.,  Toronto. 

Fittings,   Purdy  Maiisell  &  Co.,   Ltd.,   Toronto. 

Furniture,  Murray-Kay,  Ltd. 

Glass.  R.  McCausland  &  Son,  Ijtd.,  Toronto. 

Hardware,   .\ikenhead  Hardware  Co.,   Ltd..   Toronto. 

Heat  Regulating  System,  Purdy,  Manseli  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto. 

Interior  Fittings,  Cabinet  and  Wood  Work.  Charters  Lumber  Co., 

Ltd.,  Toronto. 
Marble  and  Tile.  Canada  Glass  Mantles  and  Tiles,  Ltd..  Toronto. 
Plumbing.  Purdy.   Manseli  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto. 
Pipe  Organ.  Warren  &  Son,  Toronto. 
Plaster  Work.  W.  J.  Hynes  &  Co.,  Ltd..  Toronto. 
Structural  Iron  &   Steel.   Dominion  Bridge  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto. 
.Seating.   Vallev   Citv  Seating  Co..   Ltd.,   Dundas. 
Vaults.  J.  &  J.  Taylor.  Ltd.,  Toronto. 
Contractors  (general).  Itickie  Construction  Co..  Ltd..  Toronto. 

■  ♦  » 

PERSONAL. 

Mr.  A.  T.  Black,  who  has  been  manager  of  the  Sales  Promo- 
tion and  Advertising  Departments  of  Martin-Senour  Co..  Ltd., 
is  now  general  manager'  of  this  concern.  Although  Mr.  Black's 
connection  with  Martin-Senour  only  extends  over  a  period  of 
three  years,  the  increase  in  output  si)eaks  glowingly  of  the  re- 
sults obtained  through  his  methods. 

R.  J.  Durle.v.  consulting  engineer,  has  taken  over  and  will 
carr.v  to  completion  the  unfinished  work  in  Canada  previously 
handled  by  the  Montreal  office  of  the  firm  of  MacMullen,  Riley  & 
Durley.  which  was  recently  dissolved.  He  will  continue  to  prac- 
tise as  a  consulting  engineer,  under  his  own  name,  at  4  Beaver 
Hall  Square,  and  will  sv>ecialize  in  the  design  and  construction 
of  power  plants  and  industrial  works,  in  addition  to  the  design 
of  the  complete  mechanical  and  electrical  equipments  of  large 
buildings. 

■  ♦  ■ 

CANADIAN      NATIONAL     CLAY     PRODUCTS     ASSOCIATION 
CONVENTION. 

An  attractive  programme  has  been  adopted  for  this  conven- 
tion, which  is  to  be  held  Januarj'  23-25,   1917.   in  Hamilton. 

Information  and  data  of  interest  to  every  manufacturer  of 
clay  products  will  be  given  an<l  si>ecial  subjects  covered. 


CONSTRUCTION 


Index  ro  Volumk  IX 


January,  1916 — December,  1916 


FRONTISPIECES— FULL  PAGE  ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Title.  Monlh. 

A  Lily  Pool  in  Landscape  Developmenl January 

The  Atrium,  Ontario's  New  Government  House, 

Toronto    February 

A  Colonial  Mansion  Overlooking  Lake  Erie.  .  .March 

Hampton  House   April 

Hotel  Vancouver,   Vancouver.   B.C May 

Residence  of  B.  Wilson,  Victoria,  B.C June 


Title.  Month. 

Hatley    Park,    Victoria,    B.C July 

Hatley   Park,   Victoria,    B.C August 

Artistic  Doorway,  built  about  I  750  of  white  pine. September 
Lincoln    House    Portico,    Manchester-by-the-Sea, 

Massachusetts,    U.S. A October 

Detailed  View   in  Dining-room,   Hotel   Palliser, 

Calgary,  Alberta November 

Church  of  St.  Francis  of  Assisi,  Toronto,  Ont. .  .  December 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Architect.  Month. 

.  Ex.,  In..  PI October 


Exterior  views  denoted  by  Ex.,  Interior  by  In.,  Plans  by   PI. 

Title  and  Location. 
Arsenal — 
Canadian  Cartridge  Co..  Ltd.,  Hamilton.  Ont.. 

Abattoir — 
America's  First  Public  Abattoir,  Toronto Ex.,  In.,  PI. . March  .... 

Branch  Banks — 
Molsons  Bank,  Montreal,  Norwich,  Sorel.  Drum- 

mondville,  Lachine,  Port  Arthur Ex.,  In..  PI November  . . 

Bronze  Statuary  Casting — 

Bronze  in  Architecture    Ex.,  In September. . 

Cleveland  Art  Association  Competition Ex., 


PI March. 


Churches — 

Church  of  Christ,  Scientist,  Toronto,  Ont Ex.,  In December . 

Northern  Congregational,  Toronto,  Ont Ex.,  In.,  PI December . 

St.  Andrew's  Presbyterian,  Moose  Jaw,  Sask. .  .  .  Ex..  In.,  PI December . 

St.  Francis  of  Assisi,  Toronto,  Ont In.,  PI December . 

St.  Giles'  Presbyterian,  Hamilton,  Ont Ex..  In.,  PI December. 

PI January. .  . 

In January . . . 


Carty  Building,  Toronto Ex., 

Complicated  Concrete  Construction Elx., 


In.,  PI Watt  &  Blackwell April . 

PI Psige  &  Warrington . April . 


Factories  and  Warehouses — 

A  Notable  Example  of  Factory  Construction,  Lon- 
don. Ont Ex. 

A  Modern  Factory  of  Steel  and  Concrete.  Tor- 
onto. Ont Ex..  In. 

A  Reinforced  Concrete  Structure  of  Merit.  Tor- 
onto.  Ont Ex.,  In.,  PI Prack  &  Perrine April 

A  Reinforced  Concrete  Warehouse.  Toronto.  Ont. Ex.,  In Eden  Smith  &  Son April 

One  of  Montreal's  Most  Modern  Factories,  Mont- 
real, Que Ex..  In.,  PI W.  J.  Carmichael April 

New  Customs  Examining  Warehouse,  Montreal.  .Ex.,  In..  PI E.  L.  Horwood September.. 

New  Warehouse  Building  of  The  Robert  Simp- 
son Co.,  Toronto,  Ont Ejc Max   Dunning    March .  .  .  . 

The  Farmers'  Dairy  Building.  Toronto.  Ont Ex.,  In.,  PI Symons  &  Rae March.  .  .  . 

Government  Buildings — 

Ontario's  New  Government  House,  Toronto Ex..   In.,    PI. .  .  .F.  R.  Heakes February.  . 

The  Canadian  Parliament  Buildings,  Ottawa. .  .  .  Elx February .  . 

Houses — 

Brantford,  Ont.,  T.  H.  Preston Ex..   In.,   PL.  .  .L.  D.   Barber June 

Connecticut.    U.S.A.     Elx March .  .  .  . 

Hamilton.  Ont.,  Col.  J.  R.  Moodie Ex..   In..   PI Mills  &  Hutton June 


Page. 

348-355 

82-84 
367-381 


285-288 
74-76 


421-422 
405-410 
411-416 
401-404 
418-420 

21-23 
18-20 


105-m 

116-120 

112-115 
126 

121-125 
289-292 

89 
90-93 


37-51 
52-55 


194-195 

86 

173-175 


434 


CONSTRUCTION 


435 


ILLUSTRATIONS— Con/inueJ. 


Toronto,  Ont. 
Toronto,  Ont. 
Toronto,  Ont., 
Victoria,  B.C. 


In., 

PI. 

In.. 

PI. 

In., 

PI. 

In.. 

PI 

In., 

PI. 

In., 

PI, 

In.. 

PI, 

Title  and  '.ocation. 

Hamilton.  Ont.,  G.  Southam Ex., 

Hamilton.  Ont..  H.  L.  Frost Ex.. 

Montreal.  Que.,  F.  C.  Skelton Ex.. 

Port  Nelson.  W.  D.  Flatt Ex.. 

Toronto.   Ont Ex.. 

Ex., 

Ex., 

W.  Breden  Galbraith Ex.,  In. 

Ex.    .. 

Victoria,  B.C.,  B.  Wilson Ex.    .  . 

Victoria.  B.C..  T.  Slater Ex.    .  . 

Westmount.  Que.,  I.  P.  Rexford Ex.,   In, 

Westmount.  Que..  Miss  Elliott Ex..  PI.    .  .  . 

Westmount,  Que..  W.  E.  Mowat Ex..   In.,    PI 

Hospitals — 
Hospital  for  Insane,  Whitby.  Ont 


Architect. 


Month. 


PI. 


.  Mills  &  Hutton June. 

.  G.  Hutton June . 

.  Turner  &  Careless June . 

June . 

.  Wickson  &  Gregg June . 

.  Edwards  &  Saunders June . 

.Chapman  &  McGiffin June. 

June . 

.S.   McClure    June. 

.S.  McClure June. 

.S.  McClure June . 

.  Turner  &  Careless June . 

.  Turner  &  Careless June . 

.  Turner  &  Careless June . 


.Ex..  In.,  PI.   ...Ja 


Govan    October . 


Hotels — 

Hotel   MacDonald,    Edmonton.   Alberta Ex..  In.,  PI. 

Hotel  Palliser,  Calgary.  Alberta Ex..  In.,  PI. 

Hotel  Vancouver,  Vancouver,   B.C Ex..  In.   .  .  . 


.  Ross  &  McDonald May 

.  E.  &  W.  S.  Maxwell November . 

.Francis  S.  Swales May 


Office  Buildings — 

Birks  Building.  Winnipeg,  Man Ex 

Methodist  Book  Room,  Toronto Ex.,  In..  PI. 

The  Excelsior  Life  Buildings.  Toronto Ex.,  In.,  PI.. 


.  .  .Nobbs  &  Hyde September. 

.  .  Burke,  Horward  &  White January .  . 

.  .  E.   J.   Lennox ■ March .  .  . 


Page 

182-183 

179-181 

201-202 

176-178 

184-185 

186-187 

188 

193 

192 

172 

204 

196-198 

203 

199-200 

319-345 


149-156 
383-389 
141-148 


294-296 

8-14 

71- 


Pergola    January .  . 

Piazza    January .  . 

Portraits — 

A.  Frank  Wickson October.  . 

A.  Graham  Creighton.  Prince  Albert December . 

Alcide   Chausse    October .  . 

Capt.    McGiffin    January.  . 

Fred  Armstrong October .  . 

Jos.  P.  Ouellet October .  . 

J.  W.  H.  Watts.  Ottawa October.  . 

Lieut.    Hugh   Heaton April .... 

Major  H.  Eden  Smith January .  . 

Sub-Lieut.  Fred  Armstrong April .... 


Stations — 

Quebec  Union  Station.  Quebec Ex.,  PI Harry  E.  Prindle January. 

New  Grand  Central,  New  York Ex May .  .  . 

Schools — 

De  La  Salle  Training  School,  Oak  Ridges,  Ont.  .Ex.,  In..  PI Hynes,  Feldman  &  Watson   .  .  .  .August. 

Normal  School,  Victoria,  B.C Ex.,  In..  PI W.  C.  F.  Gillam August. 

Ryerson  School,  London,  Ont Ex.,  In.,  PI Watt  &  Blackwell August. 

The  Bishop  Strachan  School.  Toronto Ex..  In..  PI Sproatt  &  Rolph August. 

Theatres — 
St.  Denis  Theatre.  Montreal In..  PI Barott.  Blackader  &  Webster.  .  .July.  .  . 

Universities — 
Department  of  Household  Science  Building,  Tor- 
onto University,  Toronto Ex March 


-73 

16 
17 


347 
417 
346 

7 
363 
347 
346 
136 

7 
136 


3-6 
159 


266-269 
254-261 
249-253 
261-265 


Views — 

A  Lily  Pool January .  . 

Residence,  Hatley  Park,  Victoria,  B.C December. 

View    from    the    Lake,    Hatley    Park,    Victoria, 

Canada    July 


85 


2 
422 

214 


ILLUSTRATIONS.  ACCORDING  TO  AUTHOR. 

Architect.  Kind  and  Location.  Month. 

Barber,  Lloyd  D House,  Brantford June 

Barott,  Blackader  &  Webster Theatre,  Montreal July.  ...  . 

Beeman,  S.  S Church,  Toronto December 


Page. 
194-195 
215-222 
421-423 


436  CONSTRUCTION 

ILLUSTRATIONS   ACCORDING    TO   AUTHOR— Continued. 

Architect.                                                      Kind  and  Location.                                                       Month.  Page 

Brandon,   E.  T Office  Building,  Toronto   July 227-231 

Burke.  Horwood  &  White Warehouse,  Toronto March.  ...  89 

Burke,  Horwood  &  While Office  Building,  Toronto    January.  .  .  9-14 

Carmichael,  W.  J Factory,  Montreal   April 211-125 

Chapman  &  McGiffin House,  Toronto    June 1  88 

Edwards  &  Saunders    House,  Toronto    June 1  86- 1  87 

Gemmel,  John Church,  Toronto December . .  405-4 1 0 

Gillam.  W.  C.  F School,  Victoria.  B.C August ....  254-260 

Govan,  James    Hospital,  Whitby    October.  .  .  319-345 

Heakes,   F.   R Government  House,  Toronto    February  .  .  37-5  I 

Holmes,  Arthur  W Church.  Toronto    December . .  40 1  -404 

Horwood,  E.  T Warehouse,   Montreal    September  . .  289-292 

Hutton,    Gordon    J House,    Hamilton    June 1  79- 1  8 1 

Hynes,    Feldman    &    Watson School,  Oak   Ridges    August. .  .  .  267-269 

Lennox,  E.  J Office  Building,  Toronto March ....  71-73 

McClure,  Samuel    House,  Victoria,  B.C June ....    Frontispieec 

McClure,  Samuel   House,  Victoria,  B.C June 1 92 

McClure,  Samuel   House,  Victoria,  B.C June 204 

McClure,  Samuel House,  Victoria,  B.C August ....  248 

Mallory,  F.  S Office  Building,  Toronto   January.  .  .  21-23 

Maxwell,  R.  &  W.  S     Hotel,  Calgary,  Alberta    November..  382-389 

Mills  &  Hutton House,  Hamilton June 1  74-1  75 

Mills  &  Hutton House,   Port  Nelson    June 1  76-1  78 

Mills  &  Hutton House,  Hamilton June 1 82- 1 83 

Nobbs  &  Hyde    Office  Building,  Winnipeg September . .  289-292 

Page  &  Warrington    Factory,    Toronto    . April 116-119 

Prack  &   Perrine    Factory,    Toronto    April 112-115 

Pringle,  Harry  Edward Station,  Quebec    January  .  .  .  3-6 

Ross  &  MacDonald Hotel,  Edmonton,  Alberta May I  49-1  52 

Russell,  J.  H.  G Church,  Moose  Jaw December . .  411-416 

Smith,  Eden  &  Son    Warehouse,  Toronto    April I  26 

Sproatt  &  Rolph School,   Toronto    August ....  261  -266 

Stewart  &  Wilton Church,    Hamilton    December . .  41 8-420 

Swales,  Francis  S Hotel,  Vancouver,   B.C May 1  49-1 52 

Symons  &  Rae Factory,  Toronto March ....  90-93 

Turner  &  Carless    House,   Westmount    June 1 96- 1  98 

Turner  &  Carless House,   Westmount    June 1  99-200 

Turner  &  Carless    House,  Montreal June 201  -202 

Turner  &  Carless    House,  Westmount    June 203 

Turner  &  Carless    Bank,  Montreal November. .  367-373 

Turner  &  Carless Bank,  Norwich   November . .  373-374 

Turner  &  Carless Bank,  Sorel,  Que November . .  375-376 

Turner  &  Carless Bank,   Port  Arthur    November . .  379-381 

Turner,   Philip  J Bank,    Lachine    November . .  378 

Turner,  Philip  J.,  F.I.R.B.A Bank,  Drummondville    November. .  377 

Watt  &  Blackwell    School,  London,  Ont August 249-253 

Watt  &  Blackwell    Factory,   London,  Ont April 1  05-1  I  I 

Wickson  &  Gregg House,    Toronto    June 1  84- 1  85 

ARTICLES. 

Month.  Page. 

A    Brantford    Home    ;  .  •  •  June 202 

Abattoir — America's  First  Public  Abattoir March ....  82-84 

Arsenal — A  Canadian   Designed    October.  .  .  349-355 

Art  at  the  National  Exhibition September . .  293 

Birks  Building,  The  Remodelled .- September . .  295-296 

Bridge,  The  New  Quebec   September . .  298-300 

Bronze  in  Architecture September . .  285-288 

Building  Operations  During  Cold  Weather January ...  15-17 

Bungalow,  An  Attractive June 1 93- 1 95 

Canadian  Parliament  Buildings  Destroyed February  .  . .  53-55 

Canadian  Woods   for  Interior  Finish    June 1 89- 1 9 1 

Carty  Building,  Toronto    January ....  21-23 

Church  of  St.  Francis  of  Assisi,  Toronto,  Ont ' December..  401-404 

Cleveland  Art  Association  Competition March ....  74-76 

Complicated   Concrete   Construction    January ....  18-19 

Construction,   Overseas   Battalion    July 236 

Convention,  Thirtieth  Civil  Engineers   February .  . .  56-59 

Dairy  Building,  The  Farmers'    March ....  90-93 


CONSTRUCTION 


53 


Made  in  Canada 


We  Standardized  the  Roofs — 

Now  We  Standardize  the  Guarantee ! 


A  DOZEN  years  ago  the  in- 
■*•  ^  troduction  of  The  Barrett 
Specification  standardized  roofing 
practice  throughout  the  Dominion 
and  gave  to  the  old  "tar-and- 
gravel  roof*  a  definite  character 
and  rehability. 

Local  contractors,  in  the  past, 
have  been  accustomed  to  guaran- 
teeing roofs  of  this  type,  free  of 
repairs  for  from  five  to  ten  years. 

To  good  reliable  roofers  such 
guarantees  were  no  burden  be- 
cause the  roof  they  constructed 
would  last  much  longer  than  the 
guaranteed  period. 

The  fly-by-night  roofer,  however, 
did  a  poor  and  cheap  job,  gave  his 
guarantee  recklessly — and  was 
generally  out  of  business  when  the 
roof  leaked  or  trouble  came. 

As  manufacturers  of  the  materials 
used  in  Barrett  Specification 
Roofs  we,  therefore,  determined  a 
short  time  ago  to  standardize  these 
guarantees  and  make  them  of  real 
value  to  users  of  Barrett  Specifi- 
cation Roofs. 

We,  therefore,  arranged  with  the 
U.S.  Fidelity  &  Guaranty  Com- 
pany to  issue  a  20- Year  Guaranty 


Bond  covering  every  Barrett  Spe- 
cification Roof  of  50  squares  and 
over  wherever  our  inspection  ser- 
vice is  available. 

This  bond  takes  the  place  of  short- 
term  guarantees  formerly  issued  by 
the  local  roofer  and  obviously  is 
far  better. 

TTie  principal  roofing  contractors 
and  architects  throughout  the 
Dominion  are  co-operating  with 
us  and  we  believe  the  plan  is  going 
to  be  so  successful  that  more  Bar- 
rett Specification  Roofs  will  be 
laid  the  next  few  years  than  ever 
before  in  the  history  of  the  busi- 
ness. 

We  want  to  emphasize  the  point 
that  the  Guaranty  Bond  costs  you 
nothing.   The  service  is  free  in  the 
interest    of    good    xvorkmanship 
and  the  good  repute  of  our  ma 
terials. 

Barrett     Specification     Roofs 
are  recognized  to-day  as  the 
standard  covering  for  perman- 
ent buildings  of  all  kinds. 
The  cost  per  year  of  ser- 
vice, is  less  than  any  other 
roof  covering. 


If  you  are  interested  in  the  propo- 
sition we  shall  be  glad  to  send  you 
further  details  on  request. 


A  copy  of  The  Barieit  Specification, 

rvith  roofing  diagrams,  sent 

free  on  request. 


THE  PATERSON 

MANUFACTURING  COMPANY 

LIMITED 

MONTRFAI.    TOROMTO    WINNIPKO    VANCOUVER 

THE  CARRITTE-PATERSON 

MANUFACTURING  COMPANY 

LIMITED 

ST.  JOHN,  N.B.     HALIFAX,  N.S.     SYDNEY,  N.S. 


This 
is  the 
Bond  that 
guarantees 
your  roof 
for  20  years. 


438  CONSTRUCTION 

/  ARTICLES — Continued. 

Month.  Page 

De  La  Salle  Training  School.  Oak  Ridges,  Ont August 267-269 

First  Church  of  Christ,  Scientist,  Toronto,  Ont December .  .  42  I  -423 

For  King  and  Country January  ...  7 

Government  House,  Ontario's  New February .  . .       37-44 

Hamilton   Homes    June 1  73-174 

Heating  and  Ventilating  by  Warm  Air  Furnaces,  by  David  Miller July 223-224 

Historic  Re-Laying  of  Corner  Stone September . .   296-297 

Hospital  for  Insane,  Whitby,  Ont October.  .  .    319-346 

Hotel  MacDonald,  Edmonton,  Alberta May 1 49-1  52 

Hotel  Palliser,  Calgary,  Alberta    November..    383-389 

House  Building,  Past  and  Present,  by  M.  H.  Baillie  Scott June 175-185 

Hydro-Electric  Administration  Building    July 277-231 

Methodist  Book  Room,  Toronto,  Ont.,  by  W.  H.  Ratcliffe January ...  9-14 

McCormick  Manufacturing,  London,  Ont April 1  05- 1  1  0 

National  Cash  Register,  Toronto,  Ont April 1  1  6-1  20 

Northern  Congregational  Church,  Toronto,  Ont December . .    405-4 1  0 

Normal  School,  Victoria,   B.C August ....    254-261 

Northern  Electric  Co.,  Montreal,  Que April 121-125 

Office  Building,  Reinforced  Concrete   July 233-234 

Recent  Houses  in  Montreal  and  Westmount June 1 96-20  i 

Robert  Simpson  Co.,  The  New  Building  of March 89-93 

Royal  Architectural  Institute  of  Canada September . .  30 1 

Royal  Architectural  Institute  of  Canada   October.  .  .  347 

Ryerson  School,  London,  Ont August ....    249-25  3 

Some  Elements  of  Smokeless  Furnace  Design,  by  Osborn  Monnett May 161-164 

Some  Toronto  Homes    June 1 86- 1  87 

St.  Andrew's  Presbyterian  Church,  Moose  Jaw,  Sask December . .    411-416 

St.  Giles'  Presbyterian  Church,  Hamilton,  Ont December . .    41  8-420 

Theatre  St.  Denis,  Montreal.  Que July 215-219 

The  Education  of  Public  Taste March ....        85-88 

The  Engineer  and  Standards  of  Beauty,  by  R.  G.  Conway May 1  53-1  60 

The  Excelsior  Life  Building,  Toronto March  ....         71  -73 

The  Fire  Safe  Building,  by  A.  W.  Echberg March 77-8! 

The  Heating  and  Ventilation  of  Churches December . .    425-427 

The  New  Bishop  Strachan  School,  Toronto,  Ont August.  .  . .    261-264 

The  New  Quebec  Bridge September . .   298-30 1 

The  Saskatchewan  Association  of  Architects December. .  417 

The  Smaller  Branch  Bank  Building,  by  Philip  J.  Turner November. .    367-381 

Vancouver's  Unique  Hotel    May I  4 1  - 1  48 

Warehouse,  A  Reinforced  Concrete   April 126 

Warehouse,  New  Customs  Examining,  Montreal,  Que September . .   289-292 

Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr.,  Toronto.  Ont April 112-115 


EDITORIALS. 

',     J    Month.  Page. 

A  Forward  Movement December .  .  425 

A  Nation's  Oppyortunity,  Frank  Darling,  LL.D June 205 

Architects  and  Engineers  in  Collaboration May I  65 

Architectural   Affairs    August ....  270 

Assisting  the  Returned  Soldier November . .  390 

Canadian  Hotels May 1  65 

Canadians  Not   Barred    December .  .  425 

Competition  Reopened November  . .  390 

Definite  Specifying November  . .  390 

Development  in  School  Construction    August.  ...  270 

Developing  the   Individual    October ...  356 

Develop  the  Profession    December  . .  424 

Educating  the  Pu'jiic   , November  . .  390 

Establishing  a  Status   January ....  24 

Getting  a  Square  Deal August ....  270 

Government's    Lack    of    Patriotism September . .  306 

Hopeful  Outlook   October ...  356 

On  a  Basis  of  Education March ....  95 

Our  National  Loss    February. . .  61 

Progressive  Hospital  Construction   Octo'^er .  .  .  356 

Quantities  and  Contracts March ....  94 

Remedying  Conditions  After  the  War July 237 

Unfairness  of  Architectural  Competitions February. . .  60